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Liu M, Sun S, Meng Y, Wang L, Liu H, Shi W, Zhang Q, Xu W, Sun B, Xu J. Benzophenanthridine Alkaloid Chelerythrine Elicits Necroptosis of Gastric Cancer Cells via Selective Conjugation at the Redox Hyperreactive C-Terminal Sec 498 Residue of Cytosolic Selenoprotein Thioredoxin Reductase. Molecules 2023; 28:6842. [PMID: 37836684 PMCID: PMC10574601 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeting thioredoxin reductase (TXNRD) with low-weight molecules is emerging as a high-efficacy anti-cancer strategy in chemotherapy. Sanguinarine has been reported to inhibit the activity of TXNRD1, indicating that benzophenanthridine alkaloid is a fascinating chemical entity in the field of TXNRD1 inhibitors. In this study, the inhibition of three benzophenanthridine alkaloids, including chelerythrine, sanguinarine, and nitidine, on recombinant TXNRD1 was investigated, and their anti-cancer mechanisms were revealed using three gastric cancer cell lines. Chelerythrine and sanguinarine are more potent inhibitors of TXNRD1 than nitidine, and the inhibitory effects take place in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Site-directed mutagenesis of TXNRD1 and in vitro inhibition analysis proved that chelerythrine or sanguinarine is primarily bound to the Sec498 residue of the enzyme, but the neighboring Cys497 and remaining N-terminal redox-active cysteines could also be modified after the conjugation of Sec498. With high similarity to sanguinarine, chelerythrine exhibited cytotoxic effects on multiple gastric cancer cell lines and suppressed the proliferation of tumor spheroids derived from NCI-N87 cells. Chelerythrine elevated cellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Moreover, the ROS induced by chelerythrine could be completely suppressed by the addition of N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), and the same is true for sanguinarine. Notably, Nec-1, an RIPK1 inhibitor, rescued the chelerythrine-induced rapid cell death, indicating that chelerythrine triggers necroptosis in gastric cancer cells. Taken together, this study demonstrates that chelerythrine is a novel inhibitor of TXNRD1 by targeting Sec498 and possessing high anti-tumor properties on multiple gastric cancer cell lines by eliciting necroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Liu
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences (LPS), Panjin Institute of Industrial Technology (PIIT), Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Shibo Sun
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences (LPS), Panjin Institute of Industrial Technology (PIIT), Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Yao Meng
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences (LPS), Panjin Institute of Industrial Technology (PIIT), Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Ling Wang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences (LPS), Panjin Institute of Industrial Technology (PIIT), Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Haowen Liu
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences (LPS), Panjin Institute of Industrial Technology (PIIT), Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Wuyang Shi
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences (LPS), Panjin Institute of Industrial Technology (PIIT), Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Qiuyu Zhang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences (LPS), Panjin Institute of Industrial Technology (PIIT), Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Weiping Xu
- School of Ocean Science and Technology (OST), Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Bingbing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering (CE), Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jianqiang Xu
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences (LPS), Panjin Institute of Industrial Technology (PIIT), Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
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Luo Y, Liu X, Liang K, Chen Q, Liu T, Yin B, Chen H. Disulfide Bond Reversible Strategy Enables GSH Responsive‐Transferrin Nanoparticles for Precise Chemotherapy. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Luo
- The State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences 1295 Ding‐Xi Road Shanghai 200050 P. R. China
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering Tongji University 1239 Siping Road Shanghai 200092 P. R. China
| | - Xianping Liu
- Department of Radiology Huashan Hospital Fudan University No.12 Wulumuqi Road (Middle) Shanghai 20004 P. R. China
| | - Kaicheng Liang
- The State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences 1295 Ding‐Xi Road Shanghai 200050 P. R. China
| | - Qian Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences 1295 Ding‐Xi Road Shanghai 200050 P. R. China
| | - Tianzhi Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences 1295 Ding‐Xi Road Shanghai 200050 P. R. China
| | - Bo Yin
- Department of Radiology Huashan Hospital Fudan University No.12 Wulumuqi Road (Middle) Shanghai 20004 P. R. China
| | - Hangrong Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences 1295 Ding‐Xi Road Shanghai 200050 P. R. China
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Lamb AL. Breaking a pathogen's iron will: Inhibiting siderophore production as an antimicrobial strategy. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2015; 1854:1054-70. [PMID: 25970810 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The rise of antibiotic resistance is a growing public health crisis. Novel antimicrobials are sought, preferably developing nontraditional chemical scaffolds that do not inhibit standard targets such as cell wall synthesis or the ribosome. Iron scavenging has been proposed as a viable target, because bacterial and fungal pathogens must overcome the nutritional immunity of the host to be virulent. This review highlights the recent work toward exploiting the biosynthetic enzymes of siderophore production for the design of next generation antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey L Lamb
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.
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Eid SY, El-Readi MZ, Fatani SH, Mohamed Nour Eldin EE, Wink M. Natural Products Modulate the Multifactorial Multidrug Resistance of Cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4236/pp.2015.63017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Minond D, Saldanha SA, Subramaniam P, Spaargaren M, Spicer T, Fotsing JR, Weide T, Fokin VV, Sharpless KB, Galleni M, Bebrone C, Lassaux P, Hodder P. Inhibitors of VIM-2 by screening pharmacologically active and click-chemistry compound libraries. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:5027-37. [PMID: 19553129 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.05.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2009] [Revised: 05/22/2009] [Accepted: 05/27/2009] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
VIM-2 is an Ambler class B metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) capable of hydrolyzing a broad-spectrum of beta-lactam antibiotics. Although the discovery and development of MBL inhibitors continue to be an area of active research, an array of potent, small molecule inhibitors is yet to be fully characterized for VIM-2. In the presented research, a compound library screening approach was used to identify and characterize VIM-2 inhibitors from a library of pharmacologically active compounds as well as a focused 'click' chemistry library. The four most potent VIM-2 inhibitors resulting from a VIM-2 screen were characterized by kinetic studies in order to determine K(i) and mechanism of enzyme inhibition. As a result, two previously described pharmacologic agents, mitoxantrone (1,4-dihydroxy-5,8-bis([2-([2-hydroxyethyl]amino)ethyl]amino)-9,10-anthracenedione) and 4-chloromercuribenzoic acid (pCMB) were found to be active, the former as a non-competitive inhibitor (K(i)=K(i)(')=1.5+/-0.2microM) and the latter as a slowly reversible or irreversible inhibitor. Additionally, two novel sulfonyl-triazole analogs from the click library were identified as potent, competitive VIM-2 inhibitors: N-((4-((but-3-ynyloxy)methyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-5-yl)methyl)-4-iodobenzenesulfonamide (1, K(i)=0.41+/-0.03microM) and 4-iodo-N-((4-(methoxymethyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-5-yl)methyl)benzenesulfonamide (2, K(i)=1.4+/-0.10microM). Mitoxantrone and pCMB were also found to potentiate imipenem efficacy in MIC and synergy assays employing Escherichia coli. Taken together, all four compounds represent useful chemical probes to further investigate mechanisms of VIM-2 inhibition in biochemical and microbiology-based assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitriy Minond
- Lead Identification, Translational Research Institute, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, 130 Scripps Way #1A1, Jupiter, 33458 FL, USA
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Zajoncova L, Kosina P, Vicar J, Ulrichová J, Pec P. Study of the inhibition of α-amylase by the benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloids sanguinarine and chelerythrine. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2008; 20:261-7. [PMID: 16119197 DOI: 10.1080/14756360500067504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of porcine pancreas and human saliva alpha-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) by sanguinarine and chelerythrine was studied. The inhibition of alpha-amylase was assayed using a biosensor method which utilises a flow system equipped with a peroxide electrode. 250 microM sanguinarine and 250 microM chelerythrine cause complete inhibition of 1.9 nkat alpha-amylase from porcine pancreas. The same concentration of sanguinarine and chelerythrine caused 23.9% and 7.5% inhibition, respectively, of 1.9 nkat alpha-amylase from human saliva. Mixed type and partially reversible inhibition was found for both alpha-amylases treated with either alkaloid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila Zajoncova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Slechtitelů 11, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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Malikova J, Zdarilova A, Hlobilkova A. EFFECTS OF SANGUINARINE AND CHELERYTHRINE ON THE CELL CYCLE AND APOPTOSIS. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2006; 150:5-12. [PMID: 16936897 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2006.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This review summarizes the involvement of sanguinarine and chelerythrine in cell cycle regulation and cell death in various cell lines. It is focused on their potential in the treatment of cancer. METHODS We conducted a search of PubMed, ScienceDirect and Medline for papers on the molecular mechanisms of the biological activity of sanguinarine and chelerythrine published mainly from 1995 to 2006. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Our analysis of the published studies suggested that these alkaloids are not only good candidates for chemotherapeutic regimens but may also contribute to the development of successful immune therapies of some carcinomas due to their apoptotic potential. However, the complete signalling cascade in which sanguinarine and chelerythrine treatment induces apoptotic cell death is not yet understood. Overall, the results of recent studies suggest that sanguinarine and chelerythrine may be useful as agents in the management of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Malikova
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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Silveira AB, Castro-Santos J, Senna R, Logullo C, Fialho E, Silva-Neto MAC. Tick vitellin is dephosphorylated by a protein tyrosine phosphatase during egg development: effect of dephosphorylation on VT proteolysis. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2006; 36:200-9. [PMID: 16503481 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2006.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2005] [Revised: 12/28/2005] [Accepted: 01/04/2006] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Vitellin (VT) is a phospholipoglycoprotein that is the main component of arthropod egg yolk. Phosphorylation is a recurrent feature of every VT molecule described so far. However, the role played by such post-translational modification during egg development is not yet clear. In the eggs of the hard tick Boophilus microplus, VT is a phosphotyrosine-containing protein. VT-phosphotyrosine residues are gradually removed during tick embryogenesis due to the action of a 45 kDa egg tyrosine phosphatase. This enzyme is strongly inhibited by ammonium molybdate, sodium vanadate and cupric ion. The role of phosphotyrosine residues in VT proteolytic degradation was evaluated. Western blots probed with a monoclonal anti-phosphotyrosine antibody demonstrated that the high molecular mass VT subunits (VT 1 and VT 2) are the main targets of dephosphorylation during egg development. Both dephosphorylation and proteolysis of VT 1 and VT 2 are blocked by ammonium molybdate in total egg homogenates. When purified VT was dephosphorylated in vitro with lambda phosphatase and then incubated in the presence of bovine cathepsin D, VT proteolysis increased dramatically. Altogether, these data are the first to show that phosphotyrosine residues are present in a yolk protein, and that such residues might be involved in the regulation of VT breakdown during egg development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan B Silveira
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Programa de Biotecnologia e Biologia Molecular, CCS, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, P.O. Box 68041, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro RJ 21941-590, Brazil
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Gomar MS, Driemeier D, Colodel EM, Gimeno EJ. Lectin Histochemistry of Foam Cells in Tissues of Cattle Grazing Brachiaria spp. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 52:18-21. [PMID: 15703006 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0442.2004.00683.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Brachiaria decumbens and B. brizantha (signal grass), which occupy millions of acres in Brazil, are an important source of fodder for ruminants. Sporadic outbreaks of photosensitization in ruminants grazing on signal grass have been reported. Intoxicated animals showed the presence of foamy cells in the liver, spleen, intestinal submucosa and lymph nodes. These foamy cells are macrophages. They are very difficult to distinguish with haematoxylin and eosin stain, especially in the case of isolated cells. The purpose of the present study was to detect specific carbohydrate residues of storage material in the foamy cells in tissues of cattle exposed to Brachiaria spp. The characterization of glycoconjugates provides clues to the pathogenesis of these cells. Besides, the lectin peanut agglutinin was found to be an excellent marker to differentiate and quantify the foam cells, and could be used as a specific marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Gomar
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Institute of Pathology, La Plata National University, PO Box 296, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
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