1
|
Weisbrod LJ, Thiraviyam A, Vengoji R, Shonka N, Jain M, Ho W, Batra SK, Salehi A. Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG): A review of current and emerging treatment strategies. Cancer Lett 2024; 590:216876. [PMID: 38609002 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a childhood malignancy of the brainstem with a dismal prognosis. Despite recent advances in its understanding at the molecular level, the prognosis of DIPG has remained unchanged. This article aims to review the current understanding of the genetic pathophysiology of DIPG and to highlight promising therapeutic targets. Various DIPG treatment strategies have been investigated in pre-clinical studies, several of which have shown promise and have been subsequently translated into ongoing clinical trials. Ultimately, a multifaceted therapeutic approach that targets cell-intrinsic alterations, the micro-environment, and augments the immune system will likely be necessary to eradicate DIPG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luke J Weisbrod
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Anand Thiraviyam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Raghupathy Vengoji
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Nicole Shonka
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Maneesh Jain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA; Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Winson Ho
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA; Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Afshin Salehi
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA; Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Nebraska, Omaha, NE, 68114, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li L, Nian S, Liu Q, Zhang B, Jimu W, Li C, Huang Z, Hu Q, Huang Y, Yuan Q. Fully human anti-B7-H3 recombinant antibodies inhibited tumor growth by increasing T cell infiltration. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 132:111926. [PMID: 38552297 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Mortality due to malignant tumors is one of the major factors affecting the life expectancy of the global population. Therapeutic antibodies are a cutting-edge treatment method for restricting tumor growth. B7-H3 is highly expressed in tumor tissues, but rarely in normal tissues. B7-H3 is closely associated with poor prognosis in patients with tumors. B7-H3 is an important target for antitumor therapy. In this study, the fully human anti-B7H3 single-chain antibodies (scFvs) were isolated and screened from the fully human phage immune library with B7H3 as the target. The antibodies screened from a fully human phage library had low immunogenicity and high affinity, which was more beneficial for clinical application. Leveraging B7-H3 scFvs as a foundation, we constructed two distinct recombinant antibody formats, scFv-Fc and IgG1, characterized by elevated affinity and a prolonged half-life. The results demonstrated that the recombinant antibodies had high specificity and affinity for the B7-H3 antigen and inhibited tumor cell growth by enhancing the ADCC. After treatment with anti-B7H3 recombinant antibody, the number of infiltrating T cells in the tumor increased and the secretion of IFN- γ by infiltrating T cells increased in vivo. Additionally, the use of pleural fluid samples obtained from tumor-afflicted patients revealed the ability of anti-B7-H3 recombinant antibodies to reverse CD8+ T cell exhaustion. In summary, we screened the fully human anti-B7H3 recombinant antibodies with specificity and high affinity that increase immune cell infiltration and IFN-γ secretion, thereby inhibiting tumor cell growth to a certain extent. This finding provides a theoretical basis for the development of therapeutic tumor antibodies and could help promote further development of antibody-based drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan province 646000, China
| | - Siji Nian
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan province 646000, China
| | - Qin Liu
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan province 646000, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan province 646000, China
| | - Wulemo Jimu
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan province 646000, China
| | - Chengwen Li
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan province 646000, China
| | - Zhanwen Huang
- Institute of nuclear medicine, Southwest Medical University, Department of Blood transfusion, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, 646000, China
| | - Qiaosen Hu
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan province 646000, China
| | - Yuanshuai Huang
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, 646000, China; Department of Blood Transfusion, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China.
| | - Qing Yuan
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan province 646000, China; Institute of nuclear medicine, Southwest Medical University, Department of Blood transfusion, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, 646000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chaturvedi A, Sadashiva N, Kalahasti S, Konar S, Krishna U, Ar P, Shukla D, Beniwal M, Pruthi N, Arima A, Saini J, Rao S, Santosh V. Safety and Efficacy of Biopsy in Patients with Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Gliomas. World Neurosurg 2024:S1878-8750(24)00756-3. [PMID: 38734176 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2024.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas are aggressive tumors that carry a poor prognosis with a 2-year survival rate of <10%. The imaging appearance is often pathognomonic, and surgical biopsy is not mandatory to initiate treatment in children. Studies of biopsy samples provide insight into the disease's molecular pathobiology and open prospects for targeted therapy. This study was conducted to determine the diagnostic yield and safety of stereotactic biopsies. METHODS This is a prospective observational study from a single tertiary health care center. All patients with clinical and radiological features diagnostic of diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPGs) who underwent biopsy from July 2018 to June 2023 were included. Biopsies were performed using either stereotactic frame-based, frameless, or endoscopic techniques. RESULTS A total of 165 patients with DIPGs were evaluated in the study period. The option of biopsy with its associated risks and benefits was offered to all patients. A total of 76 biopsies were performed in 74 patients (40 children and 34 adults, including 2 repeat biopsies). The median age was 15 years. Diffuse midline gliomas, H3K27M altered, was the most common histopathological diagnosis (85% pediatric and 55.9% adults). The diagnostic efficacy of the procedure was 94.7%. The complication rate was 10.8%, with no permanent neurological deficits due to surgery. There was no procedure-related mortality. CONCLUSIONS Establishing the safety of the procedure could be an important step toward popularizing the concept, which might offer a better understanding of the disease. Brainstem eloquence and a lack of direct benefit to patients are the primary obstacles to brainstem biopsy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aprajita Chaturvedi
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Nishanth Sadashiva
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India.
| | - Sathyarao Kalahasti
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Subhas Konar
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Uday Krishna
- Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Prabhuraj Ar
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Dhaval Shukla
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Manish Beniwal
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Nupur Pruthi
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Arivazhagan Arima
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Jitender Saini
- Department Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Shilpa Rao
- Consultant Radiation Oncology, Apollo Proton Cancer Center, Chennai, India
| | - Vani Santosh
- Consultant Radiation Oncology, Apollo Proton Cancer Center, Chennai, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lin C, Smith C, Rutka J. Current immunotherapeutic approaches to diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma. Front Genet 2024; 15:1349612. [PMID: 38774284 PMCID: PMC11106442 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1349612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is an aggressive brain tumour that occurs in the pons of the brainstem and accounts for over 80% of all brainstem gliomas. The median age at diagnosis is 6-7 years old, with less than 10% overall survival 2 years after diagnosis and less than 1% after 5 years. DIPGs are surgically inaccessible, and radiation therapy provides only transient benefit, with death ensuing from relentless local tumour infiltration. DIPGs are now the leading cause of brain tumour deaths in children, with a societal cancer burden in years of life lost (YLL) of more than 67 per individual, versus approximately 14 and 16 YLL for lung and breast cancer respectively. More than 95 clinical drug trials have been conducted on children with DIPGs, and all have failed to improve survival. No single or combination chemotherapeutic strategy has been successful to date because of our inability to identify targeted drugs for this disease and to deliver these drugs across an intact blood-brain barrier (BBB). Accordingly, there has been an increased focus on immunotherapy research in DIPG, with explorations into treatments such as chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells, immune checkpoint blockades, cancer vaccines, and autologous cell transfer therapy. Here, we review the most recent advances in identifying genetic factors influencing the development of immunotherapy for DIPG. Additionally, we explore emerging technologies such as Magnetic Resonance-guided Focused Ultrasound (MRgFUS) in potential combinatorial approaches to treat DIPG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Lin
- Cell Biology Research Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christian Smith
- Cell Biology Research Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - James Rutka
- Cell Biology Research Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Filippi L, Urso L, Evangelista L. PARP-Targeted Radiotheranostics with Auger Electrons: An Updated Overview. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:3039-3049. [PMID: 38666920 PMCID: PMC11048897 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46040190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Auger electrons (AEs) represent an intriguing topic in the field of radionuclide therapy. They are emitted by several radionuclides commonly used in nuclear medicine (indium-111, iodine-123, iodine-125), allowing for highly localized energy deposition and thus exerting a radiotoxic effect on specific cellular and sub-cellular targets. However, due to their short range in matter, AEs have had limited use in therapeutic applications so far. In recent years, the synthesis of various radiopharmaceuticals capable of binding to the enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 has reignited interest in this type of therapy, laying the groundwork for a theranostic approach based on radionuclides emitting AEs. The enzyme PARP-1 operates enzymatically in close proximity to DNA that represents the prime target of radionuclide therapies. Following this trend, several PARP-targeted radiopharmaceuticals for AE-based theranostics have been developed. We provide an updated overview of preclinical studies focused on the applications of this new theranostic approach in glioblastoma, breast, prostate and ovarian carcinoma, and pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Filippi
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Oncohaematology, Fondazione PTV Policlinico Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Urso
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy;
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Onco-Haematology Department, University Hospital of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Laura Evangelista
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Milan, Italy;
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tazhibi M, McQuillan N, Wei HJ, Gallitto M, Bendau E, Webster Carrion A, Berg X, Kokossis D, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Jan CI, Mintz A, Gartrell RD, Syed HR, Fonseca A, Pavisic J, Szalontay L, Konofagou EE, Zacharoulis S, Wu CC. Focused ultrasound-mediated blood-brain barrier opening is safe and feasible with moderately hypofractionated radiotherapy for brainstem diffuse midline glioma. J Transl Med 2024; 22:320. [PMID: 38555449 PMCID: PMC10981822 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05096-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diffuse midline glioma (DMG) is a pediatric tumor with dismal prognosis. Systemic strategies have been unsuccessful and radiotherapy (RT) remains the standard-of-care. A central impediment to treatment is the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which precludes drug delivery to the central nervous system (CNS). Focused ultrasound (FUS) with microbubbles can transiently and non-invasively disrupt the BBB to enhance drug delivery. This study aimed to determine the feasibility of brainstem FUS in combination with clinical doses of RT. We hypothesized that FUS-mediated BBB-opening (BBBO) is safe and feasible with 39 Gy RT. METHODS To establish a safety timeline, we administered FUS to the brainstem of non-tumor bearing mice concurrent with or adjuvant to RT; our findings were validated in a syngeneic brainstem murine model of DMG receiving repeated sonication concurrent with RT. The brainstems of male B6 (Cg)-Tyrc-2J/J albino mice were intracranially injected with mouse DMG cells (PDGFB+, H3.3K27M, p53-/-). A clinical RT dose of 39 Gy in 13 fractions (39 Gy/13fx) was delivered using the Small Animal Radiation Research Platform (SARRP) or XRAD-320 irradiator. FUS was administered via a 0.5 MHz transducer, with BBBO and tumor volume monitored by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). RESULTS FUS-mediated BBBO did not affect cardiorespiratory rate, motor function, or tissue integrity in non-tumor bearing mice receiving RT. Tumor-bearing mice tolerated repeated brainstem BBBO concurrent with RT. 39 Gy/13fx offered local control, though disease progression occurred 3-4 weeks post-RT. CONCLUSION Repeated FUS-mediated BBBO is safe and feasible concurrent with RT. In our syngeneic DMG murine model, progression occurs, serving as an ideal model for future combination testing with RT and FUS-mediated drug delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masih Tazhibi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 W. 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Nicholas McQuillan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 W. 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Hong-Jian Wei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 W. 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Matthew Gallitto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 W. 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Ethan Bendau
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Andrea Webster Carrion
- Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 161 Fort Washington Avenue, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Xander Berg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 W. 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Danae Kokossis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 W. 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Xu Zhang
- Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 161 Fort Washington Avenue, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 161 Fort Washington Avenue, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Chia-Ing Jan
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, 813, Taiwan
| | - Akiva Mintz
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Robyn D Gartrell
- Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 161 Fort Washington Avenue, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Hasan R Syed
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Adriana Fonseca
- George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- The Brain Tumor Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jovana Pavisic
- Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 161 Fort Washington Avenue, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Luca Szalontay
- Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 161 Fort Washington Avenue, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Elisa E Konofagou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Stergios Zacharoulis
- Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 161 Fort Washington Avenue, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, 08901, USA.
| | - Cheng-Chia Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 W. 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fernando D, Ahmed AU, Williams BRG. Therapeutically targeting the unique disease landscape of pediatric high-grade gliomas. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1347694. [PMID: 38525424 PMCID: PMC10957575 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1347694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Pediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGG) are a rare yet devastating malignancy of the central nervous system's glial support cells, affecting children, adolescents, and young adults. Tumors of the central nervous system account for the leading cause of pediatric mortality of which high-grade gliomas present a significantly grim prognosis. While the past few decades have seen many pediatric cancers experiencing significant improvements in overall survival, the prospect of survival for patients diagnosed with pHGGs has conversely remained unchanged. This can be attributed in part to tumor heterogeneity and the existence of the blood-brain barrier. Advances in discovery research have substantiated the existence of unique subgroups of pHGGs displaying alternate responses to different therapeutics and varying degrees of overall survival. This highlights a necessity to approach discovery research and clinical management of the disease in an alternative subtype-dependent manner. This review covers traditional approaches to the therapeutic management of pHGGs, limitations of such methods and emerging alternatives. Novel mutations which predominate the pHGG landscape are highlighted and the therapeutic potential of targeting them in a subtype specific manner discussed. Collectively, this provides an insight into issues in need of transformative progress which arise during the management of pHGGs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dasun Fernando
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Afsar U. Ahmed
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Bryan R. G. Williams
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Jiang Y, Liu J, Chen L, Qian Z, Zhang Y. A promising target for breast cancer: B7-H3. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:182. [PMID: 38326735 PMCID: PMC10848367 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-11933-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the second-leading factor of mortality for women globally and is brought on by a variety of genetic and environmental causes. The conventional treatments for this disease have limitations, making it difficult to improve the lifespan of breast cancer patients. As a result, extensive research has been conducted over the past decade to find innovative solutions to these challenges. Targeting of the antitumor immune response through the immunomodulatory checkpoint protein B7 family has revolutionized cancer treatment and led to intermittent patient responses. B7-H3 has recently received attention because of its significant demodulation and its immunomodulatory effects in many cancers. Uncontrolled B7-H3 expression and a bad outlook are strongly associated, according to a substantial body of cancer research. Numerous studies have shown that BC has significant B7-H3 expression, and B7-H3 induces an immune evasion phenotype, consequently enhancing the survival, proliferation, metastasis, and drug resistance of BC cells. Thus, an innovative target for immunotherapy against BC may be the B7-H3 checkpoint.In this review, we discuss the structure and regulation of B7-H3 and its double costimulatory/coinhibitory function within the framework of cancer and normal physiology. Then we expound the malignant behavior of B7-H3 in BC and its role in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and finally focus on targeted drugs against B7-H3 that have opened new therapeutic opportunities in BC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214002, China
| | - Jiayu Liu
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214002, China
| | - Lingyan Chen
- Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214000, China
| | - Zhiwen Qian
- Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214000, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214002, China.
- Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tolboom N, Verger A, Albert NL, Fraioli F, Guedj E, Traub-Weidinger T, Morbelli S, Herrmann K, Zucchetta P, Plasschaert SLA, Yakushev I, Weller M, Glas M, Preusser M, Cecchin D, Barthel H, Van Weehaeghe D. Theranostics in Neurooncology: Heading Toward New Horizons. J Nucl Med 2024; 65:167-173. [PMID: 38071569 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.123.266205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic approaches to brain tumors remain a challenge, with considerable limitations regarding delivery of drugs. There has been renewed and increasing interest in translating the popular theranostic approach well known from prostate and neuroendocrine cancer to neurooncology. Although far from perfect, some of these approaches show encouraging preliminary results, such as for meningioma and leptomeningeal spread of certain pediatric brain tumors. In brain metastases and gliomas, clinical results have failed to impress. Perspectives on these theranostic approaches regarding meningiomas, brain metastases, gliomas, and common pediatric brain tumors will be discussed. For each tumor entity, the general context, an overview of the literature, and future perspectives will be provided. Ongoing studies will be discussed in the supplemental materials. As most theranostic agents are unlikely to cross the blood-brain barrier, the delivery of these agents will be dependent on the successful development and clinical implementation of techniques enhancing permeability and retention. Moreover, the international community should strive toward sufficiently large and randomized studies to generate high-level evidence on theranostic approaches with radioligand therapies for central nervous system tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nelleke Tolboom
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Antoine Verger
- IADI, INSERM, UMR 1254, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Nancyclotep Imaging Platform, CHRU-Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Nathalie L Albert
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Francesco Fraioli
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eric Guedj
- Département de Médecine Nucléaire, Hôpital de la Timone, CERIMED, Institut Fresnel, Aix Marseille University, APHM, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Tatjana Traub-Weidinger
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Silvia Morbelli
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa Italy
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Ken Herrmann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen and German Cancer Consortium-University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Pietro Zucchetta
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Igor Yakushev
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich and Munich Center for Neurosciences-Brain and Mind, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Weller
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Glas
- Division of Clinical Neurooncology, Department of Neurology and Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, University Medicine Essen, University Duisburg-Essen and German Cancer Consortium, Essen, Germany
| | - Matthias Preusser
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Diego Cecchin
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Henryk Barthel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Leipzig University Medical Centre, Leipzig, Germany; and
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tosi U, Souweidane M. Diffuse Midline Gliomas: Challenges and New Strategies in a Changing Clinical Landscape. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:219. [PMID: 38201646 PMCID: PMC10778507 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) was first described by Harvey Cushing, the father of modern neurosurgery, a century ago. Since then, the classification of this tumor changed significantly, as it is now part of the broader family of diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs), a heterogeneous group of tumors of midline structures encompassing the entire rostro-caudal space, from the thalamus to the spinal cord. DMGs are characterized by various epigenetic events that lead to chromatin remodeling similarities, as two decades of studies made possible by increased tissue availability showed. This new understanding of tumor (epi)biology is now driving novel clinical trials that rely on targeted agents, with finally real hopes for a change in an otherwise unforgiving prognosis. This biological discovery is being paralleled with equally exciting work in therapeutic drug delivery. Invasive and noninvasive platforms have been central to early phase clinical trials with a promising safety track record and anecdotal benefits in outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Tosi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Mark Souweidane
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Santiago-Vicente Y, de Jesús Castillejos-López M, Carmona-Aparicio L, Coballase-Urrutia E, Velasco-Hidalgo L, Niembro-Zúñiga AM, Zapata-Tarrés M, Torres-Espíndola LM. Immunotherapy for Pediatric Gliomas: CAR-T Cells Against B7H3: A Review of the Literature. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2024; 23:420-430. [PMID: 37038673 DOI: 10.2174/1871527322666230406094257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND B7H3 is a co-stimulatory molecule for immune reactions found on the surface of tumor cells in a wide variety of tumors. Preclinical and clinical studies have reported it as a tumor target towards which various immunotherapy modalities could be directed. So far, good results have been obtained in hematological neoplasms; however, a contrasting situation is evident in solid tumors, including those of the CNS, which show high refractoriness to current treatments. The appearance of cellular immunotherapies has transformed oncology due to the reinforcement of the immune response that is compromised in people with cancer. OBJECTIVE This article aims to review the literature to describe the advancement in knowledge on B7H3 as a target of CAR-T cells in pediatric gliomas to consider them as an alternative in the treatment of these patients. RESULTS Although B7H3 is considered a suitable candidate as a target agent for various immunotherapy techniques, there are still limitations in using CAR-T cells to achieve the desired success. CONCLUSION Results obtained with CAR-T cells can be further improved by the suggested proposals; therefore, more clinical trials are needed to study this new therapy in children with gliomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Santiago-Vicente
- Iztacala Faculty of Higher Studies, Tlalnepantla, México
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Institute of Pediatrics, Mexico City, México
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Marta Zapata-Tarrés
- Head of Research Coordination at Mexican Social Security Institute Foundation, Mexico City, México
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pickering AJ, Lamson NG, Marand MH, Hwang W, Straehla JP, Hammond PT. Layer-by-Layer Polymer Functionalization Improves Nanoparticle Penetration and Glioblastoma Targeting in the Brain. ACS NANO 2023; 17:24154-24169. [PMID: 37992211 PMCID: PMC10964212 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is characterized by diffuse infiltration into surrounding healthy brain tissues, which makes it challenging to treat. Complete surgical resection is often impossible, and systemically delivered drugs cannot achieve adequate tumor exposure to prevent local recurrence. Convection-enhanced delivery (CED) offers a method for administering therapeutics directly into brain tumor tissue, but its impact has been limited by rapid clearance and off-target cellular uptake. Nanoparticle (NP) encapsulation presents a promising strategy for extending the retention time of locally delivered therapies while specifically targeting glioblastoma cells. However, the brain's extracellular structure poses challenges for NP distribution due to its narrow, tortuous pores and a harsh ionic environment. In this study, we investigated the impact of NP surface chemistry using layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly to design drug carriers for broad spatial distribution in brain tissue and specific glioblastoma cell targeting. We found that poly-l-glutamate and hyaluronate were effective surface chemistries for targeting glioblastoma cells in vitro. Coadsorbing either polymer with a small fraction of PEGylated polyelectrolytes improved the colloidal stability without sacrificing cancer cell selectivity. Following CED in vivo, gadolinium-functionalized LbL NPs enabled MRI visualization and exhibited a distribution volume up to three times larger than liposomes and doubled the retention half-time up to 13.5 days. Flow cytometric analysis of CED-treated murine orthotopic brain tumors indicated greater cancer cell uptake and reduced healthy cell uptake for LbL NPs compared to nonfunctionalized liposomes. The distinct cellular outcomes for different colayered LbL NPs provide opportunities to tailor this modular delivery system for various therapeutic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Pickering
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Nicholas G. Lamson
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Michael H. Marand
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Wei Hwang
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Joelle P. Straehla
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Paula T. Hammond
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Tolboom N, Verger A, Albert NL, Brendel M, Cecchin D, Fernandez PA, Fraioli F, Guedj E, Herrmann K, Traub-Weidinger T, Morbelli S, Yakushev I, Zucchetta P, Barthel H, Van Weehaeghe D. EANM position paper: theranostics in brain tumours-the present and the future. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2023; 51:202-205. [PMID: 37698647 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-023-06425-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nelleke Tolboom
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Antoine Verger
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Nancyclotep Imaging Platform, IADI, Inserm, UMR 1254, Université de Lorraine, CHRU-Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Nathalie L Albert
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Brendel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Diego Cecchin
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Pablo Aguiar Fernandez
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine and Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - Francesco Fraioli
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - Eric Guedj
- Département de Médecine Nucléaire, Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Hôpital de La Timone Hospital, CERIMED, Marseille, France
| | - Ken Herrmann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)- University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Tatjana Traub-Weidinger
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Silvia Morbelli
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Igor Yakushev
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich and Munich Center for Neurosciences - Brain and Mind, Munich, Germany
| | - Pietro Zucchetta
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Henryk Barthel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Leipzig University Medical Centre, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Donatienne Van Weehaeghe
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, C. Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Schellhammer L, Beffinger M, Salazar U, Laman JD, Buch T, vom Berg J. Exit pathways of therapeutic antibodies from the brain and retention strategies. iScience 2023; 26:108132. [PMID: 37915602 PMCID: PMC10616392 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Treating brain diseases requires therapeutics to pass the blood-brain barrier (BBB) which is nearly impermeable for large biologics such as antibodies. Several methods now facilitate crossing or circumventing the BBB for antibody therapeutics. Some of these exploit receptor-mediated transcytosis, others use direct delivery bypassing the BBB. However, successful delivery into the brain does not preclude exit back to the systemic circulation. Various mechanisms are implicated in the active and passive export of antibodies from the central nervous system. Here we review findings on active export via transcytosis of therapeutic antibodies - in particular, the role of the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) - and discuss a possible contribution of passive efflux pathways such as lymphatic and perivascular drainage. We point out open questions and how to address these experimentally. In addition, we suggest how emerging findings could aid the design of the next generation of therapeutic antibodies for neurologic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linda Schellhammer
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Michal Beffinger
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- InCephalo AG, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Ulisse Salazar
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Jon D. Laman
- Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713, the Netherlands
| | - Thorsten Buch
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Johannes vom Berg
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- InCephalo AG, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mueller S, Kline C, Stoller S, Lundy S, Christopher L, Reddy AT, Banerjee A, Cooney TM, Raber S, Hoffman C, Luks T, Wembacher-Schroeder E, Lummel N, Zhang Y, Bonner ER, Nazarian J, Molinaro AM, Prados M, Villanueva-Meyer JE, Gupta N. PNOC015: Repeated convection-enhanced delivery of MTX110 (aqueous panobinostat) in children with newly diagnosed diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma. Neuro Oncol 2023; 25:2074-2086. [PMID: 37318058 PMCID: PMC10628948 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noad105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to determine the safety, tolerability, and distribution of MTX110 (aqueous panobinostat) delivered by convection-enhanced delivery (CED) in patients with newly diagnosed diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) who completed focal radiation therapy (RT). METHODS Patients with DIPG (2-21 years) were enrolled after RT. CED of MTX110 combined with gadoteridol was completed across 7 dose levels (DL) (30-90 µM; volumes ranging from 3 mL to 2 consecutive doses of 6 mL). An accelerated dose escalation design was used. Distribution of infusate was monitored with real-time MR imaging. Repeat CED was performed every 4-8 weeks. Quality-of-life (QoL) assessments were obtained at baseline, every 3 months on therapy, and end of therapy. RESULTS Between May 2018 and March 2020, 7 patients who received a total of 48 CED infusions, were enrolled (median age 8 years, range 5-21). Three patients experienced dose-limited toxicities. Four grade 3 treatment-related adverse events were observed. Most toxicities were transient new or worsening neurologic function. Median overall survival (OS) was 26.1 months (95% confidence interval: 14.8-not reached). Progression-free survival was 4-14 months (median, 7). Cumulative percentage of tumor coverage for combined CED infusions per patient ranged from 35.6% to 81.0%. Increased CED infusions were negatively associated with self-reported QoL assessments. CONCLUSION Repeat CED of MTX110 with real-time imaging with gadoteridol is tolerable for patients with DIPG. Median OS of 26.1 months compares favorably with historical data for children with DIPG. The results support further investigation of this strategy in a larger cohort.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Mueller
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cassie Kline
- Division of Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Schuyler Stoller
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Shannon Lundy
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Lauren Christopher
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Alyssa T Reddy
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Anu Banerjee
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Tabitha M Cooney
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorder Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shannon Raber
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Carly Hoffman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Tracy Luks
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | | | - Yalan Zhang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Erin R Bonner
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Javad Nazarian
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Annette M Molinaro
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Michael Prados
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Javier E Villanueva-Meyer
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Nalin Gupta
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Tang OY, Binder ZA, O'Rourke DM, Bagley SJ. Optimizing CAR-T Therapy for Glioblastoma. Mol Diagn Ther 2023; 27:643-660. [PMID: 37700186 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-023-00671-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapies have transformed the management of hematologic malignancies but have not yet demonstrated consistent efficacy in solid tumors. Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults and remains a major unmet medical need. Attempts at harnessing the potential of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for glioblastoma have resulted in glimpses of promise but have been met with substantial challenges. In this focused review, we discuss current and future strategies being developed to optimize chimeric antigen receptor T cells for efficacy in patients with glioblastoma, including the identification and characterization of new target antigens, reversal of T-cell dysfunction with novel chimeric antigen receptor constructs, regulatable platforms, and gene knockout strategies, and the use of combination therapies to overcome the immune-hostile microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Y Tang
- Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Zev A Binder
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Donald M O'Rourke
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Stephen J Bagley
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chen B, Zheng K, Fang S, Huang K, Chu C, Zhuang J, Lin J, Li S, Yao H, Liu A, Liu G, Lin J, Lin X. B7H3 targeting gold nanocage pH-sensitive conjugates for precise and synergistic chemo-photothermal therapy against NSCLC. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:378. [PMID: 37848956 PMCID: PMC10583352 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02078-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The combination of drug delivery with immune checkpoint targeting has been extensively studied in cancer therapy. However, the clinical benefit for patients from this strategy is still limited. B7 homolog 3 protein (B7-H3), also known as CD276 (B7-H3/CD276), is a promising therapeutic target for anti-cancer treatment. It is widely overexpressed on the surface of malignant cells and tumor vasculature, and its overexpression is associated with poor prognosis. Herein, we report B7H3 targeting doxorubicin (Dox)-conjugated gold nanocages (B7H3/Dox@GNCs) with pH-responsive drug release as a selective, precise, and synergistic chemotherapy-photothermal therapy agent against non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). RESULTS In vitro, B7H3/Dox@GNCs exhibited a responsive release of Dox in the tumor acidic microenvironment. We also demonstrated enhanced intracellular uptake, induced cell cycle arrest, and increased apoptosis in B7H3 overexpressing NSCLC cells. In xenograft tumor models, B7H3/Dox@GNCs exhibited tumor tissue targeting and sustained drug release in response to the acidic environment. Wherein they synchronously destroyed B7H3 positive tumor cells, tumor-associated vasculature, and stromal fibroblasts. CONCLUSION This study presents a dual-compartment targeted B7H3 multifunctional gold conjugate system that can precisely control Dox exposure in a spatio-temporal manner without evident toxicity and suggests a general strategy for synergistic therapy against NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Nanomedical Technology (Education Department of Fujian Province), School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Kaifan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Nanomedical Technology (Education Department of Fujian Province), School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Shubin Fang
- The Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Kangping Huang
- Key Laboratory of Nanomedical Technology (Education Department of Fujian Province), School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Chengchao Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Junyang Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Nanomedical Technology (Education Department of Fujian Province), School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Jin Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Shaoguang Li
- Key Laboratory of Nanomedical Technology (Education Department of Fujian Province), School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Hong Yao
- Key Laboratory of Nanomedical Technology (Education Department of Fujian Province), School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Ailin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Nanomedical Technology (Education Department of Fujian Province), School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
| | - Jizhen Lin
- The Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China.
- The Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, 55404, USA.
| | - Xinhua Lin
- Key Laboratory of Nanomedical Technology (Education Department of Fujian Province), School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tosi U, Souweidane M. Fifty years of DIPG: looking at the future with hope. Childs Nerv Syst 2023; 39:2675-2686. [PMID: 37382660 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-023-06037-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a primary brainstem tumor of childhood that carries a dismal prognosis, with median survival of less than 1 year. Because of the brain stem location and pattern of growth within the pons, Dr. Harvey Cushing, the father of modern neurosurgery, urged surgical abandonment. Such a dismal prognosis remained unchanged for decades, coupled with a lack of understanding of tumor biology and an unchanging therapeutic panorama. Beyond palliative external beam radiation therapy, no therapeutic approach has been widely accepted. In the last one to two decades, however, increased tissue availability, an improving understanding of biology, genetics, and epigenetics have led to the development of novel therapeutic targets. In parallel with this biological revolution, new methods intended to enhance drug delivery into the brain stem are contributing to a surge of exciting experimental therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Tosi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, 525 E 68th St Box 99, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Mark Souweidane
- Department of Neurosurgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, 525 E 68th St Box 99, New York, NY, 10021, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sharma M, Barravecchia I, Magnuson B, Ferris SF, Apfelbaum A, Mbah NE, Cruz J, Krishnamoorthy V, Teis R, Kauss M, Koschmann C, Lyssiotis CA, Ljungman M, Galban S. Histone H3 K27M-mediated regulation of cancer cell stemness and differentiation in diffuse midline glioma. Neoplasia 2023; 44:100931. [PMID: 37647805 PMCID: PMC10474232 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2023.100931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic resistance remains a major obstacle to preventing progression of H3K27M-altered Diffuse Midline Glioma (DMG). Resistance is driven in part by ALDH-positive cancer stem cells (CSC), with high ALDH1A3 expression observed in H3K27M-mutant DMG biopsies. We hypothesized that ALDH-mediated stemness and resistance may in part be driven by the oncohistone itself. Upon deletion of H3K27M, ALDH1A3 expression decreased dramatically and was accompanied by a gain in astrocytic marker expression and a loss of neurosphere forming potential, indicative of differentiation. Here we show that the oncohistone regulates histone acetylation through ALDH1A3 in a Wnt-dependent manner and that loss of H3K27M expression results in sensitization of DMGs to radiotherapy. The observed elevated Wnt signaling in H3K27M-altered DMG likely stems from a dramatic suppression of mRNA and protein expression of the Wnt inhibitor EYA4 driven by the oncohistone. Thus, our findings identify EYA4 as a bona fide tumor suppressor in DMG that upon suppression, results in aberrant Wnt signaling to orchestrate stemness and differentiation. Future studies will explore whether overexpression of EYA4 in DMG can impede growth and invasion. In summary, we have gained mechanistic insight into H3K27M-mediated regulation of cancer stemness and differentiation, which provides rationale for exploring new therapeutic targets for DMG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Sharma
- Center for Molecular Imaging, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Ivana Barravecchia
- Center for Molecular Imaging, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Brian Magnuson
- Rogel Cancer Center, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Sarah F Ferris
- Center for Molecular Imaging, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - April Apfelbaum
- Center for Molecular Imaging, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Rogel Cancer Center, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Nneka E Mbah
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Jeanette Cruz
- Center for Molecular Imaging, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Varunkumar Krishnamoorthy
- Center for Molecular Imaging, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Robert Teis
- Center for Molecular Imaging, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - McKenzie Kauss
- Center for Molecular Imaging, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Carl Koschmann
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Costas A Lyssiotis
- Rogel Cancer Center, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Mats Ljungman
- Rogel Cancer Center, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Center for RNA Biomedicine, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Stefanie Galban
- Center for Molecular Imaging, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Rogel Cancer Center, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kondo M, Cai Z, Chan C, Forkan N, Reilly RM. [ 225Ac]Ac- and [ 111In]In-DOTA-trastuzumab theranostic pair: cellular dosimetry and cytotoxicity in vitro and tumour and normal tissue uptake in vivo in NRG mice with HER2-positive human breast cancer xenografts. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2023; 8:24. [PMID: 37750937 PMCID: PMC10522541 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-023-00208-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trastuzumab (Herceptin) has improved the outcome for patients with HER2-positive breast cancer (BC) but brain metastases (BM) remain a challenge due to poor uptake of trastuzumab into the brain. Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) with trastuzumab labeled with α-particle emitting, 225Ac may overcome this challenge by increasing the cytotoxic potency on HER2-positive BC cells. Our first aim was to synthesize and characterize [111In]In-DOTA-trastuzumab and [225Ac]Ac-DOTA-trastuzumab as a theranostic pair for imaging and RIT of HER2-positive BC, respectively. A second aim was to estimate the cellular dosimetry of [225Ac]Ac-DOTA-trastuzumab and determine its cytotoxicity in vitro on HER2-positive BC cells. A third aim was to study the tumour and normal tissue uptake of [225Ac]Ac-DOTA-trastuzumab using [111In]In-DOTA-trastuzumab as a radiotracer in vivo in NRG mice with s.c. 164/8-1B/H2N.luc+ human BC tumours that metastasize to the brain. RESULTS Trastuzumab was conjugated to 12.7 ± 1.2 DOTA chelators and labeled with 111In or 225Ac. [111In]In-DOTA-trastuzumab exhibited high affinity specific binding to HER2-positive SK-BR-3 human BC cells (KD = 1.2 ± 0.3 × 10-8 mol/L). Treatment with [225Ac]Ac-DOTA-trastuzumab decreased the surviving fraction (SF) of SK-BR-3 cells dependent on the specific activity (SA) with SF < 0.001 at SA = 0.74 kBq/µg. No surviving colonies were noted at SA = 1.10 kBq/µg or 1.665 kBq/µg. Multiple DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) were detected in SK-BR-3 cells exposed to [225Ac]Ac-DOTA-trastuzumab by γ-H2AX immunofluorescence microscopy. The time-integrated activity of [111In]In-DOTA-trastuzumab in SK-BR-3 cells was measured and used to estimate the absorbed doses from [225Ac]Ac-DOTA-trastuzumab by Monte Carlo N-Particle simulation for correlation with the SF. The dose required to decrease the SF of SK-BR-3 cells to 0.10 (D10) was 1.10 Gy. Based on the D10 reported for γ-irradiation of SK-BR-3 cells, we estimate that the relative biological effectiveness of the α-particles emitted by 225Ac is 4.4. Biodistribution studies in NRG mice with s.c. 164/8-1B/H2N.luc+ human BC tumours at 48 h post-coinjection of [111In]In-DOTA-trastuzumab and [225Ac]Ac-DOTA-trastuzumab revealed HER2-specific tumour uptake (10.6 ± 0.6% ID/g) but spleen uptake was high (28.9 ± 7.4% ID/g). Tumours were well-visualized by SPECT/CT imaging using [111In]In-DOTA-trastuzumab. CONCLUSION We conclude that [225Ac]Ac-DOTA-trastuzumab exhibited potent and HER2-specific cytotoxicity on SK-BR-3 cells in vitro and HER2-specific uptake in s.c. 164/8-1B/H2N.luc+ human BC tumours in NRG mice, and these tumours were imaged by SPECT/CT with [111In]In-DOTA-trastuzumab. These results are promising for combining [111In]In-DOTA-trastuzumab and [225Ac]Ac-DOTA-trastuzumab as a theranostic pair for imaging and RIT of HER2-positive BC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Misaki Kondo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Zhongli Cai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Conrad Chan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Nubaira Forkan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Raymond M Reilly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada.
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Nduom EK, Glod J, Brown DA, Fagan M, Dalmage M, Heiss J, Steinberg SM, Peer C, Figg WD, Jackson S. Clinical protocol: Feasibility of evaluating abemaciclib neuropharmacokinetics of diffuse midline glioma using intratumoral microdialysis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291068. [PMID: 37682953 PMCID: PMC10490936 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Diffuse midline gliomas (DMG) are the most aggressive brain tumors of childhood and young adults, with documented 2-year survival rates <10%. Treatment failure is due in part to the function of the BBB. Intratumoral microdialysis sampling is an effective tool to determine brain entry of varied agents and could help to provide a better understanding of the relationship of drug permeability to DMG treatment responsivity. This is a non-randomized, single-center, phase 1 clinical trial. Up to seven young adult (18-39 years) patients with recurrent high-grade or diffuse midline glioma will be enrolled with the goal of 5 patients completing the trial over an anticipated 24 months. All patients will take abemaciclib pre-operatively for 4.5 days at twice daily dosing. Patients will undergo resection or biopsy, placement of a microdialysis catheter, and 48 hours of dialysate sampling coupled with timed plasma collections. If intratumoral tumor or brain dialysate sampling concentrations are >10nmol/L, or tumor tissue studies demonstrate CDK inhibition, then restart of abemaciclib therapy along with temozolomide will be administered for maintenance therapy and discontinued with evidence of radiologic or clinical disease progression. The poor survival associated with diffuse midline gliomas underscore the need for improved means to evaluate efficacy of drug delivery to tumor and peritumoral tissue. The findings of this novel study, will provide real-time measurements of BBB function which have the potential to influence future prognostic and diagnostic decisions in such a lethal disease with limited treatment options. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT05413304. Registered June 10, 2022, Abemaciclib Neuropharmacokinetics of Diffuse Midline Glioma Using Intratumoral Microdialysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edjah K. Nduom
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - John Glod
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Desmond A. Brown
- Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Margaret Fagan
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Mahalia Dalmage
- Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - John Heiss
- Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Seth M. Steinberg
- Biostatistics and Data Management Section, Office of the Clinical Director, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Cody Peer
- Clinical Pharmacology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - William D. Figg
- Clinical Pharmacology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Sadhana Jackson
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
- Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Noll A, Myers C, Biery MC, Meechan M, Tahiri S, Rajendran A, Berens ME, Paine D, Byron S, Zhang J, Winter C, Pakiam F, Leary SES, Cole BL, Jackson ER, Dun MD, Foster JB, Evans MK, Pattwell SS, Olson JM, Vitanza NA. Therapeutic HDAC inhibition in hypermutant diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma. Neoplasia 2023; 43:100921. [PMID: 37603953 PMCID: PMC10465940 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2023.100921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency (CMMRD) is a cancer predisposition syndrome associated with the development of hypermutant pediatric high-grade glioma, and confers a poor prognosis. While therapeutic histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) has been reported; here, we use a clinically relevant biopsy-derived hypermutant DIPG model (PBT-24FH) and a CRISPR-Cas9 induced genetic model to evaluate the efficacy of HDAC inhibition against hypermutant DIPG. We screened PBT-24FH cells for sensitivity to a panel of HDAC inhibitors (HDACis) in vitro, identifying two HDACis associated with low nanomolar IC50s, quisinostat (27 nM) and romidepsin (2 nM). In vivo, quisinostat proved more efficacious, inducing near-complete tumor regression in a PBT-24FH flank model. RNA sequencing revealed significant quisinostat-driven changes in gene expression, including upregulation of neural and pro-inflammatory genes. To validate the observed potency of quisinostat in vivo against additional hypermutant DIPG models, we tested quisinostat in genetically-induced mismatch repair (MMR)-deficient DIPG flank tumors, demonstrating that loss of MMR function increases sensitivity to quisinostat in vivo. Here, we establish the preclinical efficacy of quisinostat against hypermutant DIPG, supporting further investigation of epigenetic targeting of hypermutant pediatric cancers with the potential for clinical translation. These findings support further investigation of HDAC inhibitors against pontine high-grade gliomas, beyond only those with histone mutations, as well as against other hypermutant central nervous system tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Noll
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA; Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program and Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Carrie Myers
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA; Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Matthew C Biery
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA; Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael Meechan
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sophie Tahiri
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA; Molecular Mechanisms of Disease Graduate Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Asmitha Rajendran
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA; Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education Graduate Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael E Berens
- Cancer & Cell Biology Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Danyelle Paine
- Cancer & Cell Biology Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Sara Byron
- Integrated Cancer Genomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Jiaming Zhang
- Integrated Cancer Genomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Conrad Winter
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Fiona Pakiam
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sarah E S Leary
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA; Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Bonnie L Cole
- Department of Laboratories, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Evangeline R Jackson
- Cancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Matthew D Dun
- Cancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia; Paediatric Program, Mark Hughes Foundation Centre for Brain Cancer Research, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Jessica B Foster
- Division of Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philidelphia, PA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Myron K Evans
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Siobhan S Pattwell
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - James M Olson
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA; Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nicholas A Vitanza
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA; Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Guo X, Chang M, Wang Y, Xing B, Ma W. B7-H3 in Brain Malignancies: Immunology and Immunotherapy. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:3762-3780. [PMID: 37564196 PMCID: PMC10411461 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.85813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune checkpoint B7-H3 (CD276), a member of the B7 family with immunoregulatory properties, has been identified recently as a novel target for immunotherapy for refractory blood cancers and solid malignant tumors. While research on B7-H3 in brain malignancies is limited, there is growing interest in exploring its therapeutic potential in this context. B7-H3 plays a crucial role in regulating the functions of immune cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and endothelial cells within the tumor microenvironment, contributing to the creation of a pro-tumorigenic milieu. This microenvironment promotes uncontrolled cancer cell proliferation, enhanced metabolism, increased cancer stemness, and resistance to standard treatments. Blocking B7-H3 and terminating its immunosuppressive function is expected to improve anti-tumor immune responses and, in turn, ameliorate the progression of tumors. Results from preclinical or observative studies and early-phase trials targeting B7-H3 have revealed promising anti-tumor efficacy and acceptable toxicity in glioblastoma (GBM), diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), medulloblastoma, neuroblastoma, craniopharyngioma, atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor, and brain metastases. Ongoing clinical trials are now investigating the use of CAR-T cell therapy and antibody-drug conjugate therapy, either alone or in combination with standard treatments or other therapeutic approaches, targeting B7-H3 in refractory or recurrent GBMs, DIPGs, neuroblastomas, medulloblastomas, ependymomas, and metastatic brain tumors. These trials hold promise for providing effective treatment options for these challenging intracranial malignancies in both adult and pediatric populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Mengqi Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
- Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Bing Xing
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Wenbin Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Larrosa C, Mora J, Cheung NK. Global Impact of Monoclonal Antibodies (mAbs) in Children: A Focus on Anti-GD2. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3729. [PMID: 37509390 PMCID: PMC10378537 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), as the name implies, are clonal antibodies that bind to the same antigen. mAbs are broadly used as diagnostic or therapeutic tools for neoplasms, autoimmune diseases, allergic conditions, and infections. Although most mAbs are approved for treating adult cancers, few are applicable to childhood malignancies, limited mostly to hematological cancers. As for solid tumors, only anti-disialoganglioside (GD2) mAbs are approved specifically for neuroblastoma. Inequities of drug access have continued, affecting most therapeutic mAbs globally. To understand these challenges, a deeper dive into the complex transition from basic research to the clinic, or between marketing and regulatory agencies, is timely. This review focuses on current mAbs approved or under investigation in pediatric cancer, with special attention on solid tumors and anti-GD2 mAbs, and the hurdles that limit their broad global access. Beyond understanding the mechanisms of drug resistance, the continual discovery of next generation drugs safer for children and easier to administer, the discovery of predictive biomarkers to avoid futility should ease the acceptance by patient, health care professionals and regulatory agencies, in order to expand clinical utility. With a better integration into the multimodal treatment for each disease, protocols that align with the regional clinical practice should also improve acceptance and cost-effectiveness. Communication and collaboration between academic institutions, pharmaceutical companies, and regulatory agencies should help to ensure accessible, affordable, and sustainable health care for all.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Larrosa
- Pediatric Cancer Center Barcelona, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (C.L.); (J.M.)
| | - Jaume Mora
- Pediatric Cancer Center Barcelona, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (C.L.); (J.M.)
| | - Nai-Kong Cheung
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Rechberger JS, Bouchal SM, Power EA, Nonnenbroich LF, Nesvick CL, Daniels DJ. Bench-to-bedside investigations of H3 K27-altered diffuse midline glioma: drug targets and potential pharmacotherapies. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2023; 27:1071-1086. [PMID: 37897190 PMCID: PMC11079776 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2023.2277232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION H3 K27-altered diffuse midline glioma (DMG) is the most common malignant brainstem tumor in the pediatric population. Despite enormous preclinical and clinical efforts, the prognosis remains dismal, with fewer than 10% of patients surviving for two years after diagnosis. Fractionated radiation remains the only standard treatment options for DMG. Developing novel treatments and therapeutic delivery methods is critical to improving outcomes in this devastating disease. AREAS COVERED This review addresses recent advances in molecularly targeted pharmacotherapy and immunotherapy in DMG. The clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, unique pathological challenges, and current clinical trials are highlighted throughout. EXPERT OPINION Promising pharmacotherapies targeting various components of DMG pathology and the application of immunotherapies have the potential to improve patient outcomes. However, novel approaches are needed to truly revolutionize treatment for this tumor. First, combinational therapy should be employed, as DMG can develop resistance to single-agent approaches and many therapies are susceptible to rapid clearance from the brain. Second, drug-tumor residence time, i.e. the time for which a therapeutic is present at efficacious concentrations within the tumor, must be maximized to facilitate a durable treatment response. Engineering extended drug delivery methods with minimal off-tumor toxicity should be a focus of future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julian S. Rechberger
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Samantha M. Bouchal
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Erica A. Power
- Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Leo F. Nonnenbroich
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Hopp Children’s Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cody L. Nesvick
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - David J. Daniels
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Vanbilloen WJF, Rechberger JS, Anderson JB, Nonnenbroich LF, Zhang L, Daniels DJ. Nanoparticle Strategies to Improve the Delivery of Anticancer Drugs across the Blood-Brain Barrier to Treat Brain Tumors. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1804. [PMID: 37513992 PMCID: PMC10383584 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary brain and central nervous system (CNS) tumors are a diverse group of neoplasms that occur within the brain and spinal cord. Although significant advances in our understanding of the intricate biological underpinnings of CNS neoplasm tumorigenesis and progression have been made, the translation of these discoveries into effective therapies has been stymied by the unique challenges presented by these tumors' exquisitely sensitive location and the body's own defense mechanisms (e.g., the brain-CSF barrier and blood-brain barrier), which normally protect the CNS from toxic insult. These barriers effectively prevent the delivery of therapeutics to the site of disease. To overcome these obstacles, new methods for therapeutic delivery are being developed, with one such approach being the utilization of nanoparticles. Here, we will cover the current state of the field with a particular focus on the challenges posed by the BBB, the different nanoparticle classes which are under development for targeted CNS tumor therapeutics delivery, and strategies which have been developed to bypass the BBB and enable effective therapeutics delivery to the site of disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wouter J. F. Vanbilloen
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA (J.S.R.)
- Department of Neurology, Elisabeth-Tweesteden Hospital, 5022 GC Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Julian S. Rechberger
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA (J.S.R.)
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jacob B. Anderson
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA (J.S.R.)
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Leo F. Nonnenbroich
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA (J.S.R.)
- Hopp Children’s Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA (J.S.R.)
| | - David J. Daniels
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA (J.S.R.)
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Chang C, Guo W, Yu X, Guo C, Zhou N, Guo X, Huang RL, Li Q, Zhu Y. Engineered M13 phage as a novel therapeutic bionanomaterial for clinical applications: From tissue regeneration to cancer therapy. Mater Today Bio 2023; 20:100612. [PMID: 37063776 PMCID: PMC10102448 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophages (phages) are nanostructured viruses with highly selective antibacterial properties that have gained attention beyond eliminating bacteria. Specifically, M13 phages are filamentous phages that have recently been studied in various aspects of nanomedicine due to their biological advantages and more compliant engineering capabilities over other phages. Having nanofiber-like morphology, M13 phages can reach varied target sites and self-assemble into multidimensional scaffolds in a relatively safe and stable way. In addition, genetic modification of the coat proteins enables specific display of peptides and antibodies on the phages, allowing for precise and individualized medicine. M13 phages have also been subjected to novel engineering approaches, including phage-based bionanomaterial engineering and phage-directed nanomaterial combinations that enhance the bionanomaterial properties of M13 phages. In view of these features, researchers have been able to utilize M13 phages for therapeutic applications such as drug delivery, biodetection, tissue regeneration, and targeted cancer therapy. In particular, M13 phages have been utilized as a novel bionanomaterial for precisely mimicking natural tissue environment in order to overcome the shortage in tissue and organ donors. Hence, in this review, we address the recent studies and advances of using M13 phages in the field of nanomedicine as therapeutic agents based upon their characteristics as novel bionanomaterial with biomolecules displayed. This paper also emphasizes the novel engineering approach that enhances M13 phage's bionanomaterial capabilities. Current limitations and future approaches are also discussed to provide insight in further progress for M13 phage-based clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chang
- School of Global Health, Chinese Centre for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Wennan Guo
- School of Global Health, Chinese Centre for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xinbo Yu
- Second Dental Center, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201999, China
| | - Chaoyi Guo
- School of Global Health, Chinese Centre for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Nan Zhou
- School of Global Health, Chinese Centre for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiaokui Guo
- School of Global Health, Chinese Centre for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ru-Lin Huang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Qingtian Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Yongzhang Zhu
- School of Global Health, Chinese Centre for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Noon A, Galban S. Therapeutic avenues for targeting treatment challenges of diffuse midline gliomas. Neoplasia 2023; 40:100899. [PMID: 37030112 PMCID: PMC10119952 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2023.100899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Diffuse midline glioma (DMG) is the leading cause of brain tumor-related deaths in children. DMG typically presents with variable neurologic symptoms between ages 3 and 10. Currently, radiation remains the standard therapy for DMG to halt progression and reduce tumor bulk to minimize symptoms. However, tumors recur in almost 100% of patients and thus, DMG is still considered an incurable cancer with a median survival of 9-12 months. Surgery is generally contraindicated due to the delicate organization of the brainstem, where DMG is located. Despite extensive research efforts, no chemotherapeutic agents, immune therapies, or molecularly targeted therapies have been approved to provide survival benefit. Furthermore, the efficacy of therapies is limited by poor blood-brain barrier penetration and inherent resistance mechanisms of the tumor. However, novel drug delivery approaches, along with recent advances in molecularly targeted therapies and immunotherapies, have advanced to clinical trials and may provide viable future treatment options for DMG patients. This review seeks to evaluate current therapeutics at the preclinical stage and those that have advanced to clinical trials and to discuss the challenges of drug delivery and inherent resistance to these therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleeha Noon
- College of Medicine, California Northstate University, 9700 W Taron Drive, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA
| | - Stefanie Galban
- Center for Molecular Imaging, The University of Michigan Medical School, BSRB A502, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, USA; Department of Radiology, The University of Michigan Medical School, BSRB A502, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, USA; Rogel Cancer Center, The University of Michigan Medical School, 1500 E Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Yue W, Shen J. Local Delivery Strategies for Peptides and Proteins into the CNS: Status Quo, Challenges, and Future Perspectives. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:810. [PMID: 37375758 DOI: 10.3390/ph16060810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, peptides and proteins have been increasingly important in the treatment of various human diseases and conditions owing to their specificity, potency, and minimized off-target toxicity. However, the existence of the practically impermeable blood brain barrier (BBB) limits the entry of macromolecular therapeutics into the central nervous systems (CNS). Consequently, clinical translation of peptide/protein therapeutics for the treatment of CNS diseases has been limited. Over the past decades, developing effective delivery strategies for peptides and proteins has gained extensive attention, in particular with localized delivery strategies, due to the fact that they are capable of circumventing the physiological barrier to directly introduce macromolecular therapeutics into the CNS to improve therapeutic effects and reduce systemic side effects. Here, we discuss various local administration and formulation strategies that have shown successes in the treatment of CNS diseases using peptide/protein therapeutics. Lastly, we discuss challenges and future perspectives of these approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weizhou Yue
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Li S, Zhang M, Wang M, Wang H, Wu H, Mao L, Zhang M, Li H, Zheng J, Ma P, Wang G. B7-H3 specific CAR-T cells exhibit potent activity against prostate cancer. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:147. [PMID: 37149721 PMCID: PMC10164129 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01453-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023] Open
Abstract
B7-H3 is an attractive target for immunotherapy because of its high expression across multiple solid tumors, including prostate cancer, and restricted expression in normal tissues. Among various types of tumor immunotherapy, chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy has shown remarkable success in hematological tumors. However, the potency of CAR-T cell therapy in solid tumors is still limited. Here, we examined the expression of B7-H3 in prostate cancer tissues and cells and developed a second-generation CAR that specifically targets B7-H3 and CD28 as costimulatory receptor to explore its tumoricidal potential against prostate cancer in vitro and in vivo. The high expression of B7-H3 was detected on both the surface of PC3, DU145 and LNCaP cells and prostate cancer tissues. B7-H3 CAR-T cells efficiently controlled the growth of prostate cancer in an antigen-dependent manner in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, tumor cells could induce the proliferation of CAR-T cells and the release of high levels of cytokines of IFN-γ and TNF-α in vitro. Results demonstrated that B7-H3 is a potential target for prostate cancer therapy that supports the clinical development of B7-H3 specific CAR-T cells for prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shibao Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haiting Wang
- Department of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Han Wu
- Department of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lijun Mao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huizhong Li
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junnian Zheng
- Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Ping Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Gang Wang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Pulanco MC, Madsen AT, Tanwar A, Corrigan DT, Zang X. Recent advancements in the B7/CD28 immune checkpoint families: new biology and clinical therapeutic strategies. Cell Mol Immunol 2023:10.1038/s41423-023-01019-8. [PMID: 37069229 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-01019-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The B7/CD28 families of immune checkpoints play vital roles in negatively or positively regulating immune cells in homeostasis and various diseases. Recent basic and clinical studies have revealed novel biology of the B7/CD28 families and new therapeutics for cancer therapy. In this review, we discuss the newly discovered KIR3DL3/TMIGD2/HHLA2 pathways, PD-1/PD-L1 and B7-H3 as metabolic regulators, the glycobiology of PD-1/PD-L1, B7x (B7-H4) and B7-H3, and the recently characterized PD-L1/B7-1 cis-interaction. We also cover the tumor-intrinsic and -extrinsic resistance mechanisms to current anti-PD-1/PD-L1 and anti-CTLA-4 immunotherapies in clinical settings. Finally, we review new immunotherapies targeting B7-H3, B7x, PD-1/PD-L1, and CTLA-4 in current clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc C Pulanco
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Anne T Madsen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Urology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Ankit Tanwar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Devin T Corrigan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Xingxing Zang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, 10461, USA.
- Department of Urology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, 10461, USA.
- Department of Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, 10461, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, 10461, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Jovanovich N, Habib A, Hameed NF, Edwards L, Zinn PO. Applications and current challenges of chimeric antigen receptor T cells in treating high-grade gliomas in adult and pediatric populations. Immunotherapy 2023; 15:383-396. [PMID: 36876438 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2022-0200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
High-grade gliomas (HGGs) continue to be some of the most devastating diseases in the USA. Despite extensive efforts, the survival of HGG patients has remained relatively stagnant. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell immunotherapy has recently been studied in the context of improving these tumors' clinical outcomes. HGG murine models treated with CAR T cells targeting tumor antigens have shown reduced tumor burden and longer overall survival than models without treatment. Subsequent clinical trials investigating the efficacy of CAR T cells have further shown that this therapy could be safe and might reduce tumor burden. However, there are still many challenges that need to be addressed to optimize the safety and efficacy of CAR T-cell therapy in treating HGG patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolina Jovanovich
- Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
| | - Ahmed Habib
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.,Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
| | - Nu Farrukh Hameed
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.,Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
| | - Lincoln Edwards
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.,Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
| | - Pascal O Zinn
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.,Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Das A, Nobre L. Genomics in pediatric high-grade gliomas: Hope or hype practical implications for resource limited settings. PEDIATRIC HEMATOLOGY ONCOLOGY JOURNAL 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phoj.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
|
34
|
Uckun FM, Qazi S, Trieu V. High Intra-Tumor Transforming Growth Factor Beta 2 Level as a Predictor of Poor Treatment Outcomes in Pediatric Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15061676. [PMID: 36980562 PMCID: PMC10046593 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we report that tumor samples from newly diagnosed pediatric diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) patients express significantly higher levels of transforming growth factor beta 2 (TGFB2) messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) than control pons samples, which correlated with augmented expression of transcription factors that upregulate TGFB2 gene expression. Our study also demonstrated that RNA sequencing (RNAseq)-based high TGFB2 mRNA level is an indicator of poor prognosis for DIPG patients, but not for pediatric glioblastoma (GBM) patients or pediatric diffuse midline glioma (DMG) patients with tumor locations outside of the pons/brainstem. Notably, DIPG patients with high levels of TGFB2 mRNA expression in their tumor samples had significantly worse overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). By comparison, high levels of transforming growth factor beta 3 (TGFB3) mRNA expression in tumor samples was associated with significantly better survival outcomes of DIPG patients, whereas high levels of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1) expression was not prognostic. Our study fills a significant gap in our understanding of the clinical significance of high TGFB2 expression in pediatric high-grade gliomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatih M. Uckun
- Ares Pharmaceuticals, Immuno-Oncology Program, St. Paul, MN 55110, USA
- Oncotelic Therapeutics, 29397 Agoura Road, Suite 107, Agoura Hills, CA 91301, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Sanjive Qazi
- Ares Pharmaceuticals, Immuno-Oncology Program, St. Paul, MN 55110, USA
- Oncotelic Therapeutics, 29397 Agoura Road, Suite 107, Agoura Hills, CA 91301, USA
| | - Vuong Trieu
- Oncotelic Therapeutics, 29397 Agoura Road, Suite 107, Agoura Hills, CA 91301, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Childhood Brain Tumors: A Review of Strategies to Translate CNS Drug Delivery to Clinical Trials. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030857. [PMID: 36765816 PMCID: PMC9913389 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain and spinal tumors affect 1 in 1000 people by 25 years of age, and have diverse histological, biological, anatomical and dissemination characteristics. A mortality of 30-40% means the majority are cured, although two-thirds have life-long disability, linked to accumulated brain injury that is acquired prior to diagnosis, and after surgery or chemo-radiotherapy. Only four drugs have been licensed globally for brain tumors in 40 years and only one for children. Most new cancer drugs in clinical trials do not cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Techniques to enhance brain tumor drug delivery are explored in this review, and cover those that augment penetration of the BBB, and those that bypass the BBB. Developing appropriate delivery techniques could improve patient outcomes by ensuring efficacious drug exposure to tumors (including those that are drug-resistant), reducing systemic toxicities and targeting leptomeningeal metastases. Together, this drug delivery strategy seeks to enhance the efficacy of new drugs and enable re-evaluation of existing drugs that might have previously failed because of inadequate delivery. A literature review of repurposed drugs is reported, and a range of preclinical brain tumor models available for translational development are explored.
Collapse
|
36
|
Knox AJ, Van Court B, Oweida A, Barsh E, DeSisto J, Flannery P, Lemma R, Chatwin H, Vibhakar R, Dorris K, Serkova NJ, Karam SD, Gilani A, Green AL. A novel preclinical model of craniospinal irradiation in pediatric diffuse midline glioma demonstrates decreased metastatic disease. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1105395. [PMID: 37124531 PMCID: PMC10132465 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1105395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diffuse midline glioma (DMG) is an aggressive pediatric central nervous system tumor with strong metastatic potential. As localized treatment of the primary tumor improves, metastatic disease is becoming a more important factor in treatment. We hypothesized that we could model craniospinal irradiation (CSI) through a DMG patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model and that CSI would limit metastatic tumor. Methods We used a BT245 murine orthotopic DMG PDX model for this work. We developed a protocol and specialized platform to deliver craniospinal irradiation (CSI) (4 Gy x2 days) with a pontine boost (4 Gy x2 days) and compared metastatic disease by pathology, bioluminescence, and MRI to mice treated with focal radiation only (4 Gy x4 days) or no radiation. Results Mice receiving CSI plus boost showed minimal spinal and brain leptomeningeal metastatic disease by bioluminescence, MRI, and pathology compared to mice receiving radiation to the pons only or no radiation. Conclusion In a DMG PDX model, CSI+boost minimizes tumor dissemination compared to focal radiation. By expanding effective DMG treatment to the entire neuraxis, CSI has potential as a key component to combination, multimodality treatment for DMG designed to achieve long-term survival once novel therapies definitively demonstrate improved local control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J. Knox
- Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Benjamin Van Court
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Ayman Oweida
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Elinor Barsh
- Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - John DeSisto
- Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Patrick Flannery
- Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Rakeb Lemma
- Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Hannah Chatwin
- Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Rajeev Vibhakar
- Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
- Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Kathleen Dorris
- Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
- Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Natalie J. Serkova
- Department of Radiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Sana D. Karam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Ahmed Gilani
- Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Adam L. Green
- Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
- Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
- *Correspondence: Adam L. Green,
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Morota N, Deletis V. Brainstem Surgery: Functional Surgical Anatomy with the Use of an Advanced Modern Intraoperative Neurophysiological Procedure. Adv Tech Stand Neurosurg 2023; 48:21-55. [PMID: 37770680 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-36785-4_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Intraoperative neurophysiology (ION) in brainstem surgery evolved as brainstem surgery advanced.The original idea of brainstem mapping (BSM) is a neurophysiological procedure to locate cranial nerve motor nuclei (CNMN) on the floor of the fourth ventricle. With the introduction of various skull base approaches to the brainstem, BSM is carried out on any surface of the brainstem to expose the safe entry zone to the intrinsic brainstem lesion. It is the modern concept of BSM, a broader definition of BSM. BSM enables to avoid direct damage to the CNMN when approaching the brainstem through the negative mapping region.The corticobulbar tract (CBT) motor evoked potential (MEP) is another ION procedure in brainstem surgery. It enables monitoring of the functional integrity of the whole cranial motor pathway without interrupting surgical procedures. Combined application of both BSM and CBT-MEP monitoring is indispensable for the functional preservation of the CNMN and their supranuclear innervation during the brainstem surgery.In this paper, the neurophysiological aspect of BSM and the CBT-MEP was fully described. Normal anatomical background of the floor of the fourth ventricle and the detail of the CBT anatomy were demonstrated to better understand their clinical usefulness, limitations, and surgical implications derived from ION procedures. Finally, a future perspective in the role of ION procedures in brainstem surgery was presented. The latest magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology can allow surgeons to find an "on the image" safe entry zone to the brainstem. However, the role of BSM and the CBT-MEP monitoring in terms of safe brainstem surgery stays unshakable. Special attention was paid for the recent trend of management in diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas. A new role of BSM during a stereotactic biopsy was discussed.It is the authors' expectation that the paper enhances the clinical application of a contemporary standard of the ION in brainstem surgery and supports safer brainstem surgery more than ever and in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhito Morota
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Vedran Deletis
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Rechberger JS, Power BT, Power EA, Nesvick CL, Daniels DJ. H3K27-altered diffuse midline glioma: a paradigm shifting opportunity in direct delivery of targeted therapeutics. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2023; 27:9-17. [PMID: 36744399 PMCID: PMC10165636 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2023.2177531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite much progress, the prognosis for H3K27-altered diffuse midline glioma (DMG), previously known as diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma when located in the brainstem, remains dark and dismal. AREAS COVERED A wealth of research over the past decade has revolutionized our understanding of the molecular basis of DMG, revealing potential targetable vulnerabilities for treatment of this lethal childhood cancer. However, obstacles to successful clinical implementation of novel therapies remain, including effective delivery across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to the tumor site. Here, we review relevant literature and clinical trials and discuss direct drug delivery via convection-enhanced delivery (CED) as a promising treatment modality for DMG. We outline a comprehensive molecular, pharmacological, and procedural approach that may offer hope for afflicted patients and their families. EXPERT OPINION Challenges remain in successful drug delivery to DMG. While CED and other techniques offer a chance to bypass the BBB, the variables influencing successful intratumoral targeting are numerous and complex. We discuss these variables and potential solutions that could lead to the successful clinical implementation of preclinically promising therapeutic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julian S Rechberger
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Blake T Power
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Erica A Power
- Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Cody L Nesvick
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - David J Daniels
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Power EA, Rechberger JS, Zhang L, Oh JH, Anderson JB, Nesvick CL, Ge J, Hinchcliffe EH, Elmquist WF, Daniels DJ. Overcoming translational barriers in H3K27-altered diffuse midline glioma: Increasing the drug-tumor residence time. Neurooncol Adv 2023; 5:vdad033. [PMID: 37128506 PMCID: PMC10148679 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdad033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background H3K27-altered diffuse midline glioma (DMG) is the deadliest pediatric brain tumor; despite intensive research efforts, every clinical trial to date has failed. Is this because we are choosing the wrong drugs? Or are drug delivery and other pharmacokinetic variables at play? We hypothesize that the answer is likely a combination, where optimization may result in a much needed novel therapeutic approach. Methods We used in vitro drug screening, patient samples, and shRNA knockdown models to identify an upregulated target in DMG. A single small molecule protein kinase inhibitor with translational potential was selected for systemic and direct, loco-regional delivery to patient-derived xenografts (PDX) and genetically engineered mouse models (GEMM). Pharmacokinetic studies were conducted in non-tumor bearing rats. Results Aurora kinase (AK) inhibitors demonstrated strong antitumor effects in DMG drug screens. Additional in vitro studies corroborated the importance of AK to DMG survival. Systemic delivery of alisertib showed promise in subcutaneous PDX but not intracranial GEMM and PDX models. Repeated loco-regional drug administration into the tumor through convection-enhanced delivery (CED) was equally inefficacious, and pharmacokinetic studies revealed rapid clearance of alisertib from the brain. In an effort to increase the drug to tumor residence time, continuous CED over 7 days improved drug retention in the rodent brainstem and significantly extended survival in both orthotopic PDXs and GEMMs. Conclusions These studies provide evidence for increasing drug-tumor residence time of promising targeted therapies via extended CED as a valuable treatment strategy for DMG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erica A Power
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Julian S Rechberger
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ju-Hee Oh
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jacob B Anderson
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Cody L Nesvick
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jizhi Ge
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - William F Elmquist
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - David J Daniels
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Jovanovich N, Habib A, Head J, Hameed F, Agnihotri S, Zinn PO. Pediatric diffuse midline glioma: Understanding the mechanisms and assessing the next generation of personalized therapeutics. Neurooncol Adv 2023; 5:vdad040. [PMID: 37152806 PMCID: PMC10162114 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdad040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Diffuse midline glioma (DMG) is a pediatric cancer that originates in the midline structures of the brain. Prognosis of DMG patients remains poor due to the infiltrative nature of these tumors and the protection they receive from systemically delivered therapeutics via an intact blood-brain barrier (BBB), making treatment difficult. While the cell of origin remains disputed, it is believed to reside in the ventral pons. Recent research has pointed toward epigenetic dysregulation inducing an OPC-like transcriptomic signature in DMG cells. This epigenetic dysregulation is typically caused by a mutation (K27M) in one of two histone genes-H3F3A or HIST1H3B -and can lead to a differentiation block that increases these cells oncogenic potential. Standard treatment with radiation is not sufficient at overcoming the aggressivity of this cancer and only confers a survival benefit of a few months, and thus, discovery of new therapeutics is of utmost importance. In this review, we discuss the cell of origin of DMGs, as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms that contribute to their aggressivity and resistance to treatment. Additionally, we outline the current standard of care for DMG patients and the potential future therapeutics for this cancer that are currently being tested in preclinical and clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolina Jovanovich
- Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ahmed Habib
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jeffery Head
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Farrukh Hameed
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sameer Agnihotri
- Sameer Agnihtroi, PhD, 4401 Penn Avenue, Office 7126, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA ()
| | - Pascal O Zinn
- Corresponding Authors: Pascal O. Zinn, MD, PhD, 5150 Centre Ave. Suite 433, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA ()
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Skouras P, Markouli M, Strepkos D, Piperi C. Advances on Epigenetic Drugs for Pediatric Brain Tumors. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:1519-1535. [PMID: 36154607 PMCID: PMC10472812 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x20666220922150456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pediatric malignant brain tumors represent the most frequent cause of cancer-related deaths in childhood. The therapeutic scheme of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy has improved patient management, but with minimal progress in patients' prognosis. Emerging molecular targets and mechanisms have revealed novel approaches for pediatric brain tumor therapy, enabling personalized medical treatment. Advances in the field of epigenetic research and their interplay with genetic changes have enriched our knowledge of the molecular heterogeneity of these neoplasms and have revealed important genes that affect crucial signaling pathways involved in tumor progression. The great potential of epigenetic therapy lies mainly in the widespread location and the reversibility of epigenetic alterations, proposing a wide range of targeting options, including the possible combination of chemoand immunotherapy, significantly increasing their efficacy. Epigenetic drugs, including inhibitors of DNA methyltransferases, histone deacetylases and demethylases, are currently being tested in clinical trials on pediatric brain tumors. Additional novel epigenetic drugs include protein and enzyme inhibitors that modulate epigenetic modification pathways, such as Bromodomain and Extraterminal (BET) proteins, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 9 (CDK9), AXL, Facilitates Chromatin Transcription (FACT), BMI1, and CREB Binding Protein (CBP) inhibitors, which can be used either as standalone or in combination with current treatment approaches. In this review, we discuss recent progress on epigenetic drugs that could possibly be used against the most common malignant tumors of childhood, such as medulloblastomas, high-grade gliomas and ependymomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Skouras
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Mariam Markouli
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Strepkos
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Piperi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Advances in the Treatment of Pediatric Brain Tumors. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 10:children10010062. [PMID: 36670613 PMCID: PMC9856380 DOI: 10.3390/children10010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Pediatric brain tumors are the most common solid malignancies in children. Advances in the treatment of pediatric brain tumors have come in the form of imaging, biopsy, surgical techniques, and molecular profiling. This has led the way for targeted therapies and immunotherapy to be assessed in clinical trials for the most common types of pediatric brain tumors. Here we review the latest efforts and challenges in targeted molecular therapy, immunotherapy, and newer modalities such as laser interstitial thermal therapy.
Collapse
|
43
|
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for Glioblastoma Multiforme: Challenges and Opportunities for Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2022; 15:pharmaceutics15010059. [PMID: 36678688 PMCID: PMC9863099 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor with high mortality rates. Due to its invasiveness, heterogeneity, and incomplete resection, the treatment is very challenging. Targeted therapies such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have great potential for GBM treatment, however, their efficacy is primarily limited by poor brain distribution due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This review focuses on the potential of TKIs in GBM therapy and provides an insight into the reasons behind unsuccessful clinical trials of TKIs in GBM despite the success in treating other cancer types. The main section is dedicated to the use of promising drug delivery strategies for targeted delivery to brain tumors. Use of brain targeted delivery strategies can help enhance the efficacy of TKIs in GBM. Among various drug delivery approaches used to bypass or cross BBB, utilizing nanocarriers is a promising strategy to augment the pharmacokinetic properties of TKIs and overcome their limitations. This is because of their advantages such as the ability to cross BBB, chemical stabilization of drug in circulation, passive or active targeting of tumor, modulation of drug release from the carrier, and the possibility to be delivered via non-invasive intranasal route.
Collapse
|
44
|
Josowitz AD, Bindra RS, Saltzman WM. Polymer nanocarriers for targeted local delivery of agents in treating brain tumors. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 34:10.1088/1361-6528/ac9683. [PMID: 36179653 PMCID: PMC9940943 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac9683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM), the deadliest brain cancer, presents a multitude of challenges to the development of new therapies. The standard of care has only changed marginally in the past 17 years, and few new chemotherapies have emerged to supplant or effectively combine with temozolomide. Concurrently, new technologies and techniques are being investigated to overcome the pharmacokinetic challenges associated with brain delivery, such as the blood brain barrier (BBB), tissue penetration, diffusion, and clearance in order to allow for potent agents to successful engage in tumor killing. Alternative delivery modalities such as focused ultrasound and convection enhanced delivery allow for the local disruption of the BBB, and the latter in particular has shown promise in achieving broad distribution of agents in the brain. Furthermore, the development of polymeric nanocarriers to encapsulate a variety of cargo, including small molecules, proteins, and nucleic acids, have allowed for formulations that protect and control the release of said cargo to extend its half-life. The combination of local delivery and nanocarriers presents an exciting opportunity to address the limitations of current chemotherapies for GBM toward the goal of improving safety and efficacy of treatment. However, much work remains to establish standard criteria for selection and implementation of these modalities before they can be widely implemented in the clinic. Ultimately, engineering principles and nanotechnology have opened the door to a new wave of research that may soon advance the stagnant state of GBM treatment development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander D Josowitz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Ranjit S Bindra
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, United States of America
| | - W Mark Saltzman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Aggarwal P, Luo W, Pehlivan KC, Hoang H, Rajappa P, Cripe TP, Cassady KA, Lee DA, Cairo MS. Pediatric versus adult high grade glioma: Immunotherapeutic and genomic considerations. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1038096. [PMID: 36483545 PMCID: PMC9722734 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1038096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
High grade gliomas are identified as malignant central nervous tumors that spread rapidly and have a universally poor prognosis. Historically high grade gliomas in the pediatric population have been treated similarly to adult high grade gliomas. For the first time, the most recent classification of central nervous system tumors by World Health Organization has divided adult from pediatric type diffuse high grade gliomas, underscoring the biologic differences between these tumors in different age groups. The objective of our review is to compare high grade gliomas in the adult versus pediatric patient populations, highlighting similarities and differences in epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis and therapeutic approaches. High grade gliomas in adults versus children have varying clinical presentations, molecular biology background, and response to chemotherapy, as well as unique molecular targets. However, increasing evidence show that they both respond to recently developed immunotherapies. This review summarizes the distinctions and commonalities between the two in disease pathogenesis and response to therapeutic interventions with a focus on immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Payal Aggarwal
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Wen Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States,Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | | | - Hai Hoang
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Prajwal Rajappa
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Timothy P. Cripe
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Kevin A. Cassady
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Dean A. Lee
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Mitchell S. Cairo
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States,Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States,Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States,Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States,*Correspondence: Mitchell S. Cairo,
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Phase 1 study of intraventricular 131I-omburtamab targeting B7H3 (CD276)-expressing CNS malignancies. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:165. [PMID: 36371226 PMCID: PMC9655863 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01383-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognosis for metastatic and recurrent tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) remains dismal, and the need for newer therapeutic targets and modalities is critical. The cell surface glycoprotein B7H3 is expressed on a range of solid tumors with a restricted expression on normal tissues. We hypothesized that compartmental radioimmunotherapy (cRIT) with the anti-B7H3 murine monoclonal antibody omburtamab injected intraventricularly could safely target CNS malignancies. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a phase I trial of intraventricular 131I-omburtamab using a standard 3 + 3 design. Eligibility criteria included adequate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow, no major organ toxicity, and for patients > dose level 6, availability of autologous stem cells. Patients initially received 74 MBq radioiodinated omburtamab to evaluate dosimetry and biodistribution followed by therapeutic 131I-omburtamab dose-escalated from 370 to 2960 MBq. Patients were monitored clinically and biochemically for toxicity graded using CTCAEv 3.0. Dosimetry was evaluated using serial CSF and blood sampling, and serial PET or gamma-camera scans. Patients could receive a second cycle in the absence of grade 3/4 non-hematologic toxicity or progressive disease. RESULTS Thirty-eight patients received 100 radioiodinated omburtamab injections. Diagnoses included metastatic neuroblastoma (n = 16) and other B7H3-expressing solid tumors (n = 22). Thirty-five patients received at least 1 cycle of treatment with both dosimetry and therapy doses. Acute toxicities included < grade 4 self-limited headache, vomiting or fever, and biochemical abnormalities. Grade 3/4 thrombocytopenia was the most common hematologic toxicity. Recommended phase 2 dose was 1850 MBq/injection. The median radiation dose to the CSF and blood by sampling was 1.01 and 0.04 mGy/MBq, respectively, showing a consistently high therapeutic advantage for CSF. Major organ exposure was well below maximum tolerated levels. In patients developing antidrug antibodies, blood clearance, and therefore therapeutic index, was significantly increased. In patients receiving cRIT for neuroblastoma, survival was markedly increased (median PFS 7.5 years) compared to historical data. CONCLUSIONS cRIT with 131I-omburtamab is safe, has favorable dosimetry and may have a therapeutic benefit as adjuvant therapy for B7-H3-expressing leptomeningeal metastases. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov NCT00089245, August 5, 2004.
Collapse
|
47
|
Wu A, Wu JY, Lim M. Updates in intraoperative strategies for enhancing intra-axial brain tumor control. Neuro Oncol 2022; 24:S33-S41. [PMID: 36322098 PMCID: PMC9629479 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
To ensure excellent postoperative clinical outcomes while preserving critical neurologic function, neurosurgeons who manage patients with intra-axial brain tumors can use intraoperative technologies and tools to achieve maximal safe resection. Neurosurgical oncology revolves around safe and optimal extent of resection, which further dictates subsequent treatment regimens and patient outcomes. Various methods can be adapted for treating both primary and secondary intra-axial brain lesions. We present a review of recent advances and published research centered on different innovative tools and techniques, including fluorescence-guided surgery, new methods of drug delivery, and minimally invasive procedural options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adela Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford Health Care, Stanford, California, USA
| | | | - Michael Lim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford Health Care, Stanford, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Zhao B, Li H, Xia Y, Wang Y, Wang Y, Shi Y, Xing H, Qu T, Wang Y, Ma W. Immune checkpoint of B7-H3 in cancer: from immunology to clinical immunotherapy. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:153. [PMID: 36284349 PMCID: PMC9597993 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01364-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy for cancer is a rapidly developing treatment that modifies the immune system and enhances the antitumor immune response. B7-H3 (CD276), a member of the B7 family that plays an immunoregulatory role in the T cell response, has been highlighted as a novel potential target for cancer immunotherapy. B7-H3 has been shown to play an inhibitory role in T cell activation and proliferation, participate in tumor immune evasion and influence both the immune response and tumor behavior through different signaling pathways. B7-H3 expression has been found to be aberrantly upregulated in many different cancer types, and an association between B7-H3 expression and poor prognosis has been established. Immunotherapy targeting B7-H3 through different approaches has been developing rapidly, and many ongoing clinical trials are exploring the safety and efficacy profiles of these therapies in cancer. In this review, we summarize the emerging research on the function and underlying pathways of B7-H3, the expression and roles of B7-H3 in different cancer types, and the advances in B7-H3-targeted therapy. Considering different tumor microenvironment characteristics and results from preclinical models to clinical practice, the research indicates that B7-H3 is a promising target for future immunotherapy, which might eventually contribute to an improvement in cancer immunotherapy that will benefit patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Binghao Zhao
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 People’s Republic of China ,grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huanzhang Li
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 People’s Republic of China ,grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Xia
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 People’s Republic of China ,grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaning Wang
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 People’s Republic of China ,grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuekun Wang
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 People’s Republic of China ,grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yixin Shi
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 People’s Republic of China ,grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Xing
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 People’s Republic of China ,grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tian Qu
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 People’s Republic of China ,grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 People’s Republic of China ,grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenbin Ma
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 People’s Republic of China ,grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Hagelstein I, Engel M, Hinterleitner C, Manz T, Märklin M, Jung G, Salih HR, Zekri L. B7-H3-targeting Fc-optimized antibody for induction of NK cell reactivity against sarcoma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1002898. [DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1002898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells largely contribute to antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), a central factor for success of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) treatment of cancer. The B7 family member B7-H3 (CD276) recently receives intense interest as a novel promising target antigen for immunotherapy. B7-H3 is highly expressed in many tumor entities, whereas expression on healthy tissues is rather limited. We here studied expression of B7-H3 in sarcoma, and found substantial levels to be expressed in various bone and soft-tissue sarcoma subtypes. To date, only few immunotherapeutic options for treatment of sarcomas that are limited to a minority of patients are available. We here used a B7-H3 mAb to generate chimeric mAbs containing either a wildtype Fc-part (8H8_WT) or a variant Fc part with amino-acid substitutions (S239D/I332E) to increase affinity for CD16 expressing NK cells (8H8_SDIE). In comparative studies we found that 8H8_SDIE triggers profound NK cell functions such as activation, degranulation, secretion of IFNγ and release of NK effector molecules, resulting in potent lysis of different sarcoma cells and primary sarcoma cells derived from patients. Our findings emphasize the potential of 8H8_SDIE as novel compound for treatment of sarcomas, particularly since B7-H3 is expressed in bone and soft-tissue sarcoma independent of their subtype.
Collapse
|
50
|
O'Donoghue J, Zanzonico P, Humm J, Kesner A. Dosimetry in Radiopharmaceutical Therapy. J Nucl Med 2022; 63:1467-1474. [PMID: 36192334 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.121.262305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of radiopharmaceutical therapy for the treatment of certain diseases is well established, and the field is expanding. New therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals have been developed in recent years, and more are in the research pipeline. Concurrently, there is growing interest in the use of internal dosimetry as a means of personalizing, and potentially optimizing, such therapy for patients. Internal dosimetry is multifaceted, and the current state of the art is discussed in this continuing education article. Topics include the context of dosimetry, internal dosimetry methods, the advantages and disadvantages of incorporating dosimetry calculations in radiopharmaceutical therapy, a description of the workflow for implementing patient-specific dosimetry, and future prospects in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joe O'Donoghue
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Pat Zanzonico
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - John Humm
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Adam Kesner
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| |
Collapse
|