1
|
Zheng X, Liu Q, Liang Y, Feng W, Yu H, Tong C, Song B. Advancement in the development of single chain antibodies using phage display technology. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17143. [PMID: 38618563 PMCID: PMC11015834 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Phage display technology has become an important research tool in biological research, fundamentally changing the traditional monoclonal antibody preparation process, and has been widely used in the establishment of antigen-antibody libraries, drug design, vaccine research, pathogen detection, gene therapy, antigenic epitope research, and cellular signal transduction research.The phage display is a powerful platform for technology development. Using phage display technology, single chain fragment variable (scFv) can be screened, replacing the disadvantage of the large size of traditional antibodies. Phage display single chain antibody libraries have significant biological implications. Here we describe the types of antibodies, including chimeric antibodies, bispecific antibodies, and scFvs. In addition, we describe the phage display system, phage display single chain antibody libraries, screening of specific antibodies by phage libraries and the application of phage libraries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Zheng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qi Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yimin Liang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wenzhi Feng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Honghao Yu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chunyu Tong
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bocui Song
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Korkmaz N, Himawan S, Usman M, Baik S, Kim M. Bacteriophage Engineering for Improved Copper Ion Binding. Macromol Biosci 2024; 24:e2300354. [PMID: 37985183 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
In this study, fd viruses are genetically modified to display seven cropped versions (H, HG, HGF, HGFA, HGFAN, HGFANV and HGFANVA) of the previously identified Cu(II) specific peptide (HGFANVA). Atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging reveals the typical filamentous structures of recombinant phages with thicknesses of ≈2-5 nm in dry state. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging shows that HGFANVA viruses form larger elongated assemblies than H viruses that are deposited with a mineral layer after Cu(II) treatment. C and N peaks are detected for virus samples through Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analyses confirming the presence of phage organic material. Cu peak is only detected for engineered viruses after Cu(II) exposure. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analyses show the selective Cu(II) binding of engineered phages. Agarose gel electrophoresis (AGE) and zeta potential analyses reveal negative surface charges of engineered viral constructs. Positively charged Cytopore beads are coated with bacteriophages and used for Cu(II) ion sorption studies. ICP-MS analyses clearly show the improved Cu(II) binding of engineered viruses with respect to wild-type fd phages. Such bottom-up constructed, genetically engineered virus-based biomaterials may be applied in bioremediation studies targeting metal species from environmental samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuriye Korkmaz
- Biosensor Group, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Europe Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Campus E 7.1, D-66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Sandiego Himawan
- Biosensor Group, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Europe Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Campus E 7.1, D-66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Bioprogrammable Materials Group, INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D 2.2, D-66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Muhammed Usman
- Biosensor Group, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Europe Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Campus E 7.1, D-66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Seungyun Baik
- Environmental Safety Group, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Europe Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Campus E 7.1, D-66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Minyoung Kim
- Biosensor Group, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Europe Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Campus E 7.1, D-66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kamiński B, Paczesny J. Bacteriophage Challenges in Industrial Processes: A Historical Unveiling and Future Outlook. Pathogens 2024; 13:152. [PMID: 38392890 PMCID: PMC10893365 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13020152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Humans have used fermentation processes since the Neolithic period, mainly to produce beverages. The turning point occurred in the 1850s, when Louis Pasteur discovered that fermentation resulted from the metabolism of living microorganisms. This discovery led to the fast development of fermented food production. The importance of industrial processes based on fermentation significantly increased. Many branches of industry rely on the metabolisms of bacteria, for example, the dairy industry (cheese, milk, yogurts), pharmaceutical processes (insulin, vaccines, antibiotics), or the production of chemicals (acetone, butanol, acetic acid). These are the mass production processes involving a large financial outlay. That is why it is essential to minimize threats to production. One major threat affecting bacteria-based processes is bacteriophage infections, causing substantial economic losses. The first reported phage infections appeared in the 1930s, and companies still struggle to fight against phages. This review shows the cases of phage infections in industry and the most common methods used to prevent phage infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jan Paczesny
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Brišar N, Šuster K, Brezar SK, Vidmar R, Fonović M, Cör A. An Engineered M13 Filamentous Nanoparticle as an Antigen Carrier for a Malignant Melanoma Immunotherapeutic Strategy. Viruses 2024; 16:232. [PMID: 38400008 PMCID: PMC10893169 DOI: 10.3390/v16020232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophages, prokaryotic viruses, hold great potential in genetic engineering to open up new avenues for vaccine development. Our study aimed to establish engineered M13 bacteriophages expressing MAGE-A1 tumor peptides as a vaccine for melanoma treatment. Through in vivo experiments, we sought to assess their ability to induce robust immune responses. Using phage display technology, we engineered two M13 bacteriophages expressing MAGE-A1 peptides as fusion proteins with either pVIII or pIIII coat proteins. Mice were intraperitoneally vaccinated three times, two weeks apart, using two different engineered bacteriophages; control groups received a wild-type bacteriophage. Serum samples taken seven days after each vaccination were analyzed by ELISA assay, while splenocytes harvested seven days following the second boost were evaluated by ex vivo cytotoxicity assay. Fusion proteins were confirmed by Western blot and nano-LC-MS/MS. The application of bacteriophages was safe, with no adverse effects on mice. Engineered bacteriophages effectively triggered immune responses, leading to increased levels of anti-MAGE-A1 antibodies in proportion to the administered bacteriophage dosage. Anti-MAGE-A1 antibodies also exhibited a binding capability to B16F10 tumor cells in vitro, as opposed to control samples. Splenocytes demonstrated enhanced CTL cytotoxicity against B16F10 cells. We have demonstrated the immunogenic capabilities of engineered M13 bacteriophages, emphasizing their potential for melanoma immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuša Brišar
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, 6310 Izola, Slovenia;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Katja Šuster
- Valdoltra Orthopaedic Hospital, 6280 Ankaran, Slovenia;
| | - Simona Kranjc Brezar
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Robert Vidmar
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Structural Biology, Jozef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (R.V.); (M.F.)
| | - Marko Fonović
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Structural Biology, Jozef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (R.V.); (M.F.)
| | - Andrej Cör
- Valdoltra Orthopaedic Hospital, 6280 Ankaran, Slovenia;
- Faculty of Education, University of Primorska, 6310 Izola, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li Y, Yang KD, Kong DC, Li XM, Duan HY, Ye JF. Harnessing filamentous phages for enhanced stroke recovery. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1343788. [PMID: 38299142 PMCID: PMC10829096 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1343788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Stroke poses a critical global health challenge, leading to substantial morbidity and mortality. Existing treatments often miss vital timeframes and encounter limitations due to adverse effects, prompting the pursuit of innovative approaches to restore compromised brain function. This review explores the potential of filamentous phages in enhancing stroke recovery. Initially antimicrobial-centric, bacteriophage therapy has evolved into a regenerative solution. We explore the diverse role of filamentous phages in post-stroke neurological restoration, emphasizing their ability to integrate peptides into phage coat proteins, thereby facilitating recovery. Experimental evidence supports their efficacy in alleviating post-stroke complications, immune modulation, and tissue regeneration. However, rigorous clinical validation is essential to address challenges like dosing and administration routes. Additionally, genetic modification enhances their potential as injectable biomaterials for complex brain tissue issues. This review emphasizes innovative strategies and the capacity of filamentous phages to contribute to enhanced stroke recovery, as opposed to serving as standalone treatment, particularly in addressing stroke-induced brain tissue damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kai-di Yang
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - De-cai Kong
- General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiao-meng Li
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hao-yu Duan
- General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jun-feng Ye
- General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yang Y, Chen IA. Visualization of Engineered M13 Phages Bound to Bacterial Targets by Transmission Electron Microscopy. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2793:175-183. [PMID: 38526731 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3798-2_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The filamentous phage M13 is one of the most well-studied and characterized phages, particularly since it was introduced as a scaffold for phage display, a technique to express and evolve fusion proteins on the M13 phage's coat to study protein or peptide binding interactions. Since phages can be engineered or evolved to specifically bind to a variety of targets, engineered M13 phages have been explored for applications such as drug delivery, biosensing, and cancer therapy, among others. Specifically, with the rising challenge of antimicrobial resistance among bacteria, chimeric M13 phages have been explored both as detection and therapeutic agents due to the flexibility in tuning target specificity. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a powerful tool enabling researchers to directly visualize and characterize binding of phages to bacterial surfaces. However, the filamentous phage structure poses a challenge for this technique, as the phages have similar morphology to bacterial structures such as pili. In order to differentiate between bacterial structures and the filamentous phages, here we describe a protocol to prepare TEM samples of engineered M13 phages bound to bacterial cells, in which the phage virions have been specifically labeled by decoration of the major capsid proteins with gold nanoparticles. This protocol enables clear visualization and unambiguous identification of attached filamentous phages within the context of bacterial cells expressing numerous pili.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanxi Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Irene A Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Nguyen HM, Watanabe S, Sharmin S, Kawaguchi T, Tan XE, Wannigama DL, Cui L. RNA and Single-Stranded DNA Phages: Unveiling the Promise from the Underexplored World of Viruses. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17029. [PMID: 38069353 PMCID: PMC10707117 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) phages make up an understudied subset of bacteriophages that have been rapidly expanding in the last decade thanks to advancements in metaviromics. Since their discovery, applications of genetic engineering to ssDNA and RNA phages have revealed their immense potential for diverse applications in healthcare and biotechnology. In this review, we explore the past and present applications of this underexplored group of phages, particularly their current usage as therapeutic agents against multidrug-resistant bacteria. We also discuss engineering techniques such as recombinant expression, CRISPR/Cas-based genome editing, and synthetic rebooting of phage-like particles for their role in tailoring phages for disease treatment, imaging, biomaterial development, and delivery systems. Recent breakthroughs in RNA phage engineering techniques are especially highlighted. We conclude with a perspective on challenges and future prospects, emphasizing the untapped diversity of ssDNA and RNA phages and their potential to revolutionize biotechnology and medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huong Minh Nguyen
- Division of Bacteriology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Tochigi, Japan; (H.M.N.); (S.W.); (S.S.); (T.K.); (X.-E.T.)
| | - Shinya Watanabe
- Division of Bacteriology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Tochigi, Japan; (H.M.N.); (S.W.); (S.S.); (T.K.); (X.-E.T.)
| | - Sultana Sharmin
- Division of Bacteriology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Tochigi, Japan; (H.M.N.); (S.W.); (S.S.); (T.K.); (X.-E.T.)
| | - Tomofumi Kawaguchi
- Division of Bacteriology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Tochigi, Japan; (H.M.N.); (S.W.); (S.S.); (T.K.); (X.-E.T.)
| | - Xin-Ee Tan
- Division of Bacteriology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Tochigi, Japan; (H.M.N.); (S.W.); (S.S.); (T.K.); (X.-E.T.)
| | - Dhammika Leshan Wannigama
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital, Yamagata 990-2292, Yamagata, Japan;
| | - Longzhu Cui
- Division of Bacteriology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Tochigi, Japan; (H.M.N.); (S.W.); (S.S.); (T.K.); (X.-E.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Meivita MP, Go SX, Mozar FS, Li L, Tan YS, Bajalovic N, Loke DK. Shape complementarity processes for ultrashort-burst sensitive M13-PEG-WS 2-powered MCF-7 cancer cell sensors. Nanoscale 2023; 15:16658-16668. [PMID: 37800342 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03573e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Biomarkers have the potential to be utilized in disease diagnosis, prediction and monitoring. The cancer cell type is a leading candidate for next-generation biomarkers. Although traditional digital biomolecular sensor (DBS) technology has shown to be effective in assessing cell-based interactions, low cell-population detection of cancer cell types is extremely challenging. Here, we controlled the electrical signature of a two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterial, tungsten disulfide (WS2), by utilizing a combination of the Phage-integrated Polymer and the Nanosheet (PPN), viz., the integration of the M13-conjugated polyethylene glycol (PEG) and the WS2, through shape-complementarity phenomena, and developed a sensor system, i.e., the Phage-based DBS (P-DBS), for the specific, rapid, sensitive detection of clinically-relevant MCF-7 cells. The P-DBS attains a detection limit of 12 cells per μL, as well as a contrast of 1.25 between the MCF-10A sample signal and the MCF-7 sample signal. A reading length of 200 μs was further achieved, along with a relative cell viability of ∼100% for both MCF-7 and MCF-10A cells and with the PNN. Atomistic simulations reveal the structural origin of the shape complementarity-facilitated decrease in the output impedance of the P-DBS. The combination of previously unreported exotic sensing materials and digital sensor design represents an approach to unlocking the ultra-sensitive detection of cancer cell types and provides a promising avenue for early cancer diagnosis, staging and monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria P Meivita
- Department of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore.
| | - Shao-Xiang Go
- Department of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore.
| | - Fitya S Mozar
- Department of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore.
| | - Lunna Li
- Thomas Young Centre and Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Yaw Sing Tan
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138671, Singapore
| | - Natasa Bajalovic
- Department of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore.
| | - Desmond K Loke
- Department of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|