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Franck S, Fuhrmann-Selter T, Joseph JF, Michelet R, Casilag F, Sirard JC, Wicha SG, Kloft C. A rapid, simple and sensitive liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry assay to determine amoxicillin concentrations in biological matrix of little volume. Talanta 2019; 201:253-258. [PMID: 31122420 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.03.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
To assess pharmacokinetics of amoxicillin (AMX) in mice, limitations such as a small sampling volume and low drug concentrations have to be addressed. Similar challenges are faced in a clinical framework, e.g. for therapeutic drug monitoring in neonates or small-scale in vitro investigations. An assay enabling quantification of small sample volumes but still at very low concentrations covering a broad concentration range is thus needed. A simple, rapid and highly sensitive liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and successfully validated for quantification of AMX in mouse serum according to European Medicines Agency guidelines. Sample preparation enabled the use of only 10 μL of serum, which is 5-fold less than comparable assays and allows to reduce the number of mice used in pharmacokinetic studies. After protein precipitation with 40 μL chilled methanol and dilution of the supernatant with water, the sample was injected into the LC system on a Poroshell 120 Phenyl Hexyl column (2.1 × 100 mm, 2.7 μm). Chromatographic separation was achieved using a gradient method consisting of acetonitrile and ultra-pure water, both with 0.1% (V/V) formic acid. Positive electrospray ionisation in multiple reaction monitoring mode was used for detection and quantification of AMX. Application to murine study samples demonstrated the reliability of the developed method being accurate and precise with a quantification range from 0.01 to 10 μg/mL. The assay is easily transferable due to a simple sample preparation and confirmed stability of AMX under various applied conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Franck
- Dept. of Clinical Pharmacy & Biochemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Kelchstraße 31, 12169 Berlin, Germany; Dept. of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Hamburg, Bundesstraße 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tania Fuhrmann-Selter
- Dept. of Clinical Pharmacy & Biochemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Kelchstraße 31, 12169 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan F Joseph
- Core Facility BioSupraMol, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Koenigin-Luise-Straße 2+4, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Robin Michelet
- Dept. of Clinical Pharmacy & Biochemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Kelchstraße 31, 12169 Berlin, Germany; Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry and Clinical Analysis, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Fiordiligie Casilag
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR8204 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, 1 Rue du Professeur Calmette, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Jean-Claude Sirard
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR8204 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, 1 Rue du Professeur Calmette, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Sebastian G Wicha
- Dept. of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Hamburg, Bundesstraße 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Kloft
- Dept. of Clinical Pharmacy & Biochemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Kelchstraße 31, 12169 Berlin, Germany.
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Raszewski G, Juszczak M, Lemieszek MK, Matysiak J, Niewiadomy A, Rzeski W. A simple HPLC method for determining 2-(3-chlorophenyloamino)-5-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole in brain and plasma of animals: Application to a pharmacokinetic study. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2014. [DOI: 10.1556/achrom.26.2014.2.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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3
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Xie K, Zhao M, Guo H, Zhang X, Sun Y, Li A, Xie X, Zhang G, Dai G, Wang J. Determination and depletion of amoxicillin residues in eggs. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2013; 30:670-7. [PMID: 23528110 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2013.775710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Eggs were used to study the determination and depletion of amoxicillin (AMO) residues after oral dosing hens (25.0 mg kg⁻¹, 50.0 mg kg⁻¹ body weight), once daily for five days. A reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (RP-HPLC-FLD) method was developed to determine AMO residues in albumen, yolk and whole egg. By using pre-column derivatisation, an improved liquid-liquid extraction procedure was developed for sample preparation. AMO were extracted from eggs with acetonitrile. The extract solution was extracted using saturated methylene chloride. The supernatant was reacted with salicylaldehyde under acidic and heating conditions. Limits of detection (LODs) were 1.2 ng g⁻¹ and limits of quantification (LOQs) were 3.9 ng g⁻¹ for AMO. Recoveries of AMO from samples fortified at levels of 5.0-125.0 ng g⁻¹ ranged from 79.1% to 88.5% in albumen, 78.6-83.6% in yolk and 78.3-85.1% in whole egg, with coefficients of variation of ≤7.3%. The maximum concentrations of AMO in albumen, yolk and whole egg were found to occur at 1.5, 2.5, 1.5 days after withdrawal of medication respectively. AMO was not detectable in albumen at 7.5 days after final administration of AMO, at 10.5-11.5 days in yolk and 10.5 days in whole egg after administration of two oral doses. The method was applied during the residue study of AMO in order to formulate a reasonable withdrawal period to ensure food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaizhou Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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4
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Dong WC, Hou ZL, Jiang XH, Jiang Y. A Simple Sample Preparation Method for Measuring Amoxicillin in Human Plasma by Hollow Fiber Centrifugal Ultrafiltration. J Chromatogr Sci 2012; 51:181-6. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bms124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Beg S, Kohli K, Swain S, Hasnain MS. DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF RP-HPLC METHOD FOR QUANTITATION OF AMOXICILLIN TRIHYDRATE IN BULK AND PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATIONS USING BOX-BEHNKEN EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2011.601493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarwar Beg
- a Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics , Jamia Hamdard , Hamdard Nagar , New Delhi , India
| | - Kanchan Kohli
- a Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics , Jamia Hamdard , Hamdard Nagar , New Delhi , India
| | - Suryakanta Swain
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Seemanta Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Jharpokharia, Mayurbhanj , Orissa , India
| | - M. Saquib Hasnain
- c Department of Pharmaceutics , Roland Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Khodasingi , Berhampur, Orissa , India
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6
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Determination of Amoxicillin Stability in Chicken Meat by Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-011-9267-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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7
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Selective recognition in potentiometric transduction of amoxicillin by molecularly imprinted materials. Eur Food Res Technol 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-010-1360-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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El-Shahat MF, Burham N, Azeem SMA. Flow injection analysis-solid phase extraction (FIA-SPE) method for preconcentration and determination of trace amounts of penicillins using methylene blue grafted polyurethane foam. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2010; 177:1054-1060. [PMID: 20106592 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2009] [Revised: 12/25/2009] [Accepted: 01/06/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A simple, fast, and fully automated FIA-SPE method with UV detection for the preconcentration and determination of the investigated penicillins has been developed. This paper provides adequate procedure for the preconcentration and determination of the studied compounds in pharmaceuticals and milk samples. Penicillins (penicillin G, amoxicillin, and ampicillin) are extracted in a mincolumn packed with methylene blue grafted polyurethane foam (MBGPUF) material. The antibiotics are eluted by hydrochloric acid solution to the flow cell of UV-vis spectrophotometer at 230 nm. The analytes are preconcentrated on the sorbent at pH 8.0-9.5 and sample flow rate 3.0 mL/min. Elution was performed with 200 microL 0.2 mol L(-1) hydrochloric acid at 2 mL min(-1). Sample throughput is 12h(-1) at 120 s preconcentration time. High selectivity of the sorbent for the analytes was achieved at the specified pH range. The enrichment factors achieved are 14, 16, and 11 with 3 sigma detection limits of 12, 15, and 19 ng mL(-1) for penicillin G, amoxicillin and ampicillin, respectively. The method was successfully applied to the determination of these antibiotics in pharmaceutical control and contaminated milk samples with RSD<or=8.8%.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F El-Shahat
- Chemistry Deparatment, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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9
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Rezaei B, Damiri S. Electrochemistry and Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetric Determination of Amoxicillin on a Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode. ELECTROANAL 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200804571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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10
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Delis G, Batzias G, Kounenis G, Koutsoviti-Papadopoulou M. Application and validation of a LC/fluorescence method for the determination of amoxicillin in sheep serum and tissue cage fluid. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2009; 49:375-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2008.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2008] [Revised: 10/15/2008] [Accepted: 10/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Deng B, Shi A, Li L, Kang Y. Pharmacokinetics of amoxicillin in human urine using online coupled capillary electrophoresis with electrogenerated chemiluminescence detection. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2008; 48:1249-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2008.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2008] [Revised: 08/30/2008] [Accepted: 09/03/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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12
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Qi M, Wang P, Sun Y, Wang J. An LC Method for Simultaneous Determination of Amoxicillin and Sulbactam Pivoxil in a Combination Formulation. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-120021761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Qi
- a Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing , 100081 , P.R. China
| | - Peng Wang
- b Shenyang Pharmtech Institute of Pharmaceuticals , Shenyang , P.R. China
| | - Yujing Sun
- b Shenyang Pharmtech Institute of Pharmaceuticals , Shenyang , P.R. China
| | - Jun Wang
- b Shenyang Pharmtech Institute of Pharmaceuticals , Shenyang , P.R. China
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García-Reiriz A, Damiani PC, Olivieri AC. Analysis of amoxicillin in human urine by photo-activated generation of fluorescence excitation-emission matrices and artificial neural networks combined with residual bilinearization. Anal Chim Acta 2007; 588:192-9. [PMID: 17386810 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2007.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2006] [Revised: 01/25/2007] [Accepted: 02/12/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence excitation-emission data recorded for amoxicillin after photo-activated reaction with periodate have been processed by a novel second-order multivariate method based on the combination of artificial neural networks and residual bilinearization (ANN/RBL), since the signals bear a strong non-linear relation with the analyte concentration. The selected chemometric methodology is employed for the first time to evaluate experimental non-linear second-order spectral information. Due to severe overlapping between the emission profiles for the analyte reaction product and for the urine background, calibration was done using different spiked urine samples. This allowed for the determination of amoxicillin in test spiked urines, other than those employed for calibration. When new urine samples containing a fluorescent anti-inflammatory were analyzed, accurate prediction in the presence of unexpected components required the achievement of the second-order advantage, which is provided by the post-training RBL procedure. Amoxicillin was also determined by ANN/RBL in a series of real urine samples, which allowed one to perform a comparison study with the reference high-performance liquid chromatographic technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro García-Reiriz
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, Rosario S2002LRK, Argentina
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15
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Tavakoli N, Varshosaz J, Dorkoosh F, Zargarzadeh MR. Development and validation of a simple HPLC method for simultaneous in vitro determination of amoxicillin and metronidazole at single wavelength. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2006; 43:325-9. [PMID: 16859857 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2006.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2006] [Revised: 06/02/2006] [Accepted: 06/07/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A simple, rapid, sensitive and robust reversed phase-HPLC method was developed and validated to measure simultaneously the amount of amoxicillin and metronidazole at single wavelength (254 nm) in order to assess drug release profiles and drug-excipients compatibility studies for a new floating-sustained release tablet formulation and its subsequent stability studies. An isocratic elution of filtered sample was performed on C18 column with buffered mobile phase (pH 4.0) and UV detection at 254 nm. Quantification was achieved with reference to the external standards. The linearity for concentrations between 0.15 and 600 microg/ml for amoxicillin and 0.13 and 300 microg/ml for metronidazole were established. Intra and inter-day precision were less than 2.5%. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification were 0.05 and 0.15 microg/ml for amoxicillin and 0.10 and 0.13 microg/ml for metronidazole. The determination of the two active ingredients was not interfered by the excipients of the products. Samples were stable in the release media (37 degrees C) and the HPLC injector at least for 12 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser Tavakoli
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Li W, Tan F, Zhao K. Simultaneous determination of amoxicillin and ranitidine in rat plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2006; 41:594-8. [PMID: 16364584 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2005.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2005] [Revised: 11/12/2005] [Accepted: 11/16/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A high-performance liquid chromatography method using ultraviolet detection at 230 nm for the simultaneous determination of amoxicillin and ranitidine in rat plasma has been validated. Plasma samples after pretreatment with acetonitrile to effect deproteinization were dried under N2 and reconstituted with water. The standard calibration curves for amoxicillin and ranitidine were linear (r2=0.9999) over the concentration range of 0.2-20 microg ml-1 and 0.03-6 microg ml-1 in rat plasma, respectively. The intra- and inter-day assay variability range for amoxicillin was 2.4-8.5% and 3.2-11.7%, and for ranitidine was 1.7-9.0% and 4.5-10.1%, respectively. This method has been successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study after oral coadministration of amoxicillin and ranitidine to rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- The College of Pharmaceuticals and Biotechnology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China
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17
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Du X, Li C, Sun HK, Nightingale CH, Nicolau DP. A sensitive assay of amoxicillin in mouse serum and broncho-alveolar lavage fluid by liquid-liquid extraction and reversed-phase HPLC. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2006; 39:648-52. [PMID: 15935600 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2005.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2004] [Revised: 04/18/2005] [Accepted: 04/19/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive and simple high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed and validated for the analysis of amoxicillin in mouse serum and broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. One hundred microlitres of sample were needed for the assay. Sample processing was carried out with liquid-liquid extraction. Cefadroxil was used as an internal standard. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a C18 reversed-phase column with a mobile phase consisting of phosphate buffer, 1-octanesulphonic acid sodium salt and acetonitrile. The detection was conducted at 210 nm. The ranges of the standard curves were 0.2-20 and 0.05-5 microg/ml for serum and BAL samples, respectively. The recoveries of amoxicillin from serum and normal saline were 87 and 88%, respectively. The coefficients of variation were 1.78-6.13% for intra-day and 0.82-6.42% for inter-day analyses. The accuracy was within 100+/-6%. This method was successfully applied to analyze amoxicillin in mouse serum and BAL samples from a pharmacokinetic study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Du
- Center for Anti-Infective Research and Development, Hartford Hospital, 80 Seymour Street, Hartford, CT 06102, USA
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Lindegårdh N, Singtoroj T, Annerberg A, White NJ, Day NPJ. Development and Validation of a Solid-Phase Extraction-Liquid Chromatographic Method for Determination of Amoxicillin in Plasma. Ther Drug Monit 2005; 27:503-8. [PMID: 16044109 DOI: 10.1097/01.ftd.0000158082.38330.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A bioanalytic method for the determination of amoxicillin in plasma by hydrophilic interaction solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography has been developed and validated. Plasma was precipitated with acetonitrile before samples were loaded onto a zwitterionic hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (ZIC-HILIC) solid-phase extraction column. Amoxicillin was analyzed by liquid chromatography on an Aquasil (150 x 4.6 mm) LC column with mobile-phase acetonitrile: phosphate buffer (pH 2.5; 0.1 mol/L) (7:93, v/v) and UV detection at 230 nm. A regression model using 1/concentration weighting was found the most appropriate for quantification. The intraassay precision for plasma was 3.3% at 15.0 microg/mL and 10.9% at 0.200 microg/mL. The interassay precision for plasma was 1.8% at 15.0 microg/mL and 7.5% at 0.200 microg/mL. The total-assay precision for plasma over 4 days using a total of 20 replicates was 13.2%, 5.5%, and 3.8% at 0.200 microg/mL, 3.00 microg/mL, and 15.0 microg/mL, respectively. The lower limit of quantification and the limit of detection were 0.050 microg/mL and 0.025 microg/mL, respectively, for 100 microL plasma. Long-term storage stability studies of amoxicillin in plasma indicate that a temperature of -80 degrees C is necessary to prevent degradation of amoxicillin.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Lindegårdh
- Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
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Wang P, Qi M, Sun Y, Yang J. A liquid chromatographic method for simultaneous determination of amoxicillin sodium and sulbactam sodium in a combination formulation. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2004; 36:565-9. [PMID: 15522531 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2004.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2004] [Revised: 07/10/2004] [Accepted: 07/10/2004] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An isocratic liquid chromatographic method with UV detection at 210nm is described for simultaneous determination of amoxicillin sodium and sulbactam sodium in a new combination formulation. Chromatographic separation of the two drugs was achieved on a Hypersil C(18) column using a mobile phase consisting of a binary mixture of methanol and 0.01mol/l sodium acetate (5:95, v/v). The commonly used paired-ion aqueous mobile phase for the determination of penicillins was avoided in this study. The developed LC method offers symmetric peak shape, good resolution and reasonable retention time for both drugs. Linearity, accuracy and precision were found to be acceptable over the concentration ranges of 155.3-1553.0microg/ml for amoxicillin sodium and 45.0-450.0microg/ml for sulbactam sodium. The proposed LC method can be used for the quality control of formulated products containing these two drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Shenyang Pharmtech Institute of Pharmaceuticals, Shenyang 110016, China
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20
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Salem H. Selective spectrophotometric determination of phenolic β-lactam antibiotics in pure forms and in their pharmaceutical formulations. Anal Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2004.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Nakamura M, Spiller RC, Barrett DA, Wibawa JID, Kumagai N, Tsuchimoto K, Tanaka T. Gastric juice, gastric tissue and blood antibiotic concentrations following omeprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin triple therapy. Helicobacter 2003; 8:294-9. [PMID: 12950601 DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-5378.2003.00156.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amoxicillin and clarithromycin are key antibiotics in proton pump inhibitor-based Helicobacter pylori eradication therapies. AIMS To study gastric mucus and tissue concentrations and collect basic data about optimal antibacterial doses. METHODS Plasma, gastric mucosa and gastric juice antibiotic concentrations were measured following either low- or high-dose amoxicillin (750 or 1000 mg b.i.d.) and clarithromycin (400 or 500 mg b.i.d.) given in combination with omeprazole 20 mg bid to 12 male volunteers in an open crossover design. Gastric juice and mucosal biopsy collection was performed either 2 (n=6) or 6 hours (n=6) after dosing. RESULTS Amoxicillin concentrations 2 hours after high dosage were gastric juice > gastric body > antral mucosa > plasma. At 6 hours, plasma and gastric juice concentrations were still above the MIC for amoxicillin-susceptible bacteria but no antibiotic was detectable in mucosa samples. Clarithromycin concentrations after high dosage were gastric juice > mucosa > serum; all above the MIC for clarithromycin-susceptible bacteria at both 2 and 6 hours. CONCLUSIONS Both dosage regimens provided effective antibiotic concentrations in gastric juice at 2 hours. After dosing, both antibiotics demonstrated high gastric tissue concentrations via local diffusion while clarithromycin also provided sustained delivery (6 hours) via gastric mucosa penetration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiko Nakamura
- Research Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Center for Basic Research, Kitasato Institute, Tokyo, Japan
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