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Williams Louie E, Nieto J, Wensley F, Morgan JM, Finno CJ, Berryhill EH. Efficacy of the oral supplement, Equine Omega Complete, for the prevention of gastric ulcers and alpha-tocopherol supplementation in horses. J Vet Intern Med 2023; 37:2529-2534. [PMID: 37775973 PMCID: PMC10658587 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Omega-3 fatty acid and alpha-tocopherol supplementation reduces gastric ulcer formation in humans and rodents; however, efficacy of prevention in horses is unknown. Equine Omega Complete (EOC) is an oral supplement containing omega-3 fatty acids and alpha-tocopherol. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVE Determine if EOC supplementation prevents gastric ulcers and increases serum alpha-tocopherol concentrations in healthy horses. ANIMALS Nine thoroughbred geldings; 5-13 years old. METHODS Prospective randomized block design, repeated in crossover model. Horses were administered EOC, omeprazole, or water PO for 28 days. Horses underwent an established gastric ulcer induction protocol from days 21-28 via intermittent feed deprivation. Gastroscopies were performed on days 0, 21, and 28. Serum alpha-tocopherol concentrations were measured on days 0 and 28. The effects of treatment and time on ulcer grades were assessed with ordinal logistic regression, with significance at P-value <.05. RESULTS Ulcer grades increased during ulcer induction in control and EOC but not omeprazole groups (P = .02). Grades increased in EOC-treated horses after ulcer induction from a median of 1 [95% confidence interval 0-2.5] (day 0) to 2.5 [1.5-3.5] (day 28) and were similar to the control group (P = .54). Serum alpha-tocopherol increased in EOC-treated horses from day 0 to day 28 (mean 2.2 ± 0.43 μg/mL to 2.96 ± 0.89 μg/mL; P < .001) with high individual variation; this increase was not different from omeprazole or control groups. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Supplementation with EOC for 28 days did not prevent gastric ulcer formation nor increase alpha-tocopherol concentrations relative to the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Williams Louie
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Medical Teaching HospitalUniversity of California DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jorge Nieto
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of California DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Fiona Wensley
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Medical Teaching HospitalUniversity of California DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jessica M. Morgan
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of California DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Carrie J. Finno
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of California DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Emily H. Berryhill
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of California DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
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Hao W, Piao L, Sun M, Zeng F. Clinical effect of combination of octreotide and omeprazole in children with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding and the levels of serum creatinine and serum urea nitrogen. Pak J Pharm Sci 2022; 35:343-347. [PMID: 35236645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pediatric upper gastrointestinal bleeding refers to an acute massive hemorrhage of the upper digestive tract and biliary tract, which is a common clinical emergency in pediatrics. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical effect of octreotide combined with omeprazole in pediatric upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Totally 84 cases of pediatric upper gastrointestinal bleeding admitted to Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital from November 2019 to April 2021 were divided into groups according to the admission order. The control group received omeprazole treatment and the observation group received octreotide plus. The total clinical effective rate of children in the observation group was higher than that of the control group. The observation group was superior to the control group with respect to the average hemostasis time, hemostasis rate, rebleeding rate and length of stay after treatment. The observation group witnessed a significantly better quality of life than the control group. For children with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding, the combination of omeprazole and octreotide yields a promising effect in the adjustment of blood creatinine and serum urea nitrogen levels and hemostasis, which is worthy of clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenying Hao
- Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Longfan Piao
- Department of Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing, Yanbian University, Jilin, China
| | - Maojie Sun
- Pharmacy Department, Chongqing The Seventh People's Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Fanzhuo Zeng
- The People's Hospital of Dadukou District, Chongqing, China
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Zhang J, Che H, Zhang B, Zhang C, Zhou B, Ji H, Xie J, Shi X, Li X, Wang F, Tang X. JianpiQinghua granule reduced PPI dosage in patients with nonerosive reflux disease: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, noninferiority study. Phytomedicine 2021; 88:153584. [PMID: 34119741 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) play an important role in the treatment of nonerosive reflux disease (NERD), but their long-term and excessive uses have been associated with safety concerns. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) has become a popular alternative treatment for this condition. METHODS A total of 204 patients were randomly assigned to the combination group or PPI group (1:1 ratio). They were given JianpiQinghua (JQ) granules (34.8 g) plus omeprazole (10 mg) plus dummy omeprazole (10 mg) or dummy JQ granules (34.8 g) plus omeprazole (20 mg) daily for 4 weeks. The primary endpoints were the rate of sufficient relief and complete resolution of GERD Q at week 4. Metabonomics and the gut microbiota were also assessed. RESULTS Complete resolution was observed in 40.8% of patients in the combination group and 26.8% of patients in the PPI group after 4 weeks (FAS analysis, OR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.03-3.44; p = 0.039). Sufficient relief was observed in 50% of patients in the combination group and 43.30% of patients in the PPI group after 4 weeks (FAS analysis, OR, 1.31; 95% CI, 0.74-2.30; p = 0.35). Three patients had liver dysfunction, one of whom had a mild case and 2 of whom had moderate-to-severe cases in the combination group. Patients in the combination group showed a significant increase in richness and diversity of their gut microbiota compared with those in the PPI group. Metabonomics showed that the combination therapy could correct the glutamate metabolism pathway. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate the superior efficacy of JQ granules combined with omeprazole (10 mg) vs. omeprazole (20 mg) in terms of symptom relief in patients with NERD. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT02892357. Registered on 14 February 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Che
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Beihua Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Oriental Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guang'anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haijie Ji
- Shanxi Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jingyi Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Shi
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Chinese Academy of traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Li
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fengyun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Xudong Tang
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Bestebreurtje P, Roeleveld N, Knibbe CAJ, van Sorge AA, Plötz FB, de Wildt SN. Development and Stability Study of an Omeprazole Suppository for Infants. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2021; 45:627-633. [PMID: 32594306 PMCID: PMC7511457 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-020-00629-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objective Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) that is used in acid suppression therapy in infants. In this study we aimed to develop a pediatric omeprazole suppository, with good physical and chemical stability, suitable for pharmaceutical batch production. Methods The composition of the suppository consisted of omeprazole, witepsol H15 and arginine (L) base. To achieve evenly distributed omeprazole suspension suppositories, the temperature, stirring rate, and arginine (L) base amount were varied. A previously validated quantitative high-performance liquid chromatography–ultraviolet method was modified and a long-term stability study was performed for one year. Results Evenly distributed omeprazole suspension suppositories were obtained by adding 100 mg arginine (L) base and pouring at a temperature of 34.7 °C and a stirring speed of 200 rpm. The long-term stability study showed no signs of discoloration and a stable omeprazole content between 90 and 110% over 1 year if stored in the dark at room temperature. Conclusion We developed a pediatric omeprazole suppository. This formulation may provide a good alternative to manipulated commercial or extemporaneously compounded omeprazole oral formulations for infants. Clinical studies are needed to establish efficacy and safety in this young population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Bestebreurtje
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Tergooi Hospital, Hilversum, The Netherlands
| | - Nel Roeleveld
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Catherijne A J Knibbe
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
- Division of Pharmacology, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan A van Sorge
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - Frans B Plötz
- Department of Paediatrics, Tergooi Hospital, Hilversum, The Netherlands.
- Department of Paediatrics, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Saskia N de Wildt
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Paediatric Intensive Care and Department of Paediatric Surgery, Erasmus MC Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Zatorski H, Salaga M, Zielińska M, Majchrzak K, Binienda A, Kordek R, Małecka-Panas E, Fichna J. AdipoRon, an Orally Active, Synthetic Agonist of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 Receptors Has Gastroprotective Effect in Experimentally Induced Gastric Ulcers in Mice. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26102946. [PMID: 34063466 PMCID: PMC8156685 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26102946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Adiponectin is a hormone secreted by adipocytes, which exhibits insulin-sensitizing and anti-inflammatory properties and acts through adiponectin receptors: AdipoR1 and AdipoR2. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether activation of adiponectin receptors AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 with an orally active agonist AdipoRon has gastroprotective effect and to investigate the possible underlying mechanism. Methods: We used two well-established mouse models of gastric ulcer (GU) induced by oral administration of EtOH (80% solution in water) or diclofenac (30 mg/kg, p.o.). Gastroprotective effect of AdipoRon (dose 5 and 50 mg/kg p.o.) was compared to omeprazole (20 mg/kg p.o.) or 5% DMSO solution (control). Clinical parameters of gastroprotection were assessed using macroscopic (gastric lesion area) and microscopic (evaluation of the gastric mucosa damage) scoring. To establish the molecular mechanism, we measured: myeloperoxidase (MPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities; glutathione (GSH) level; and IL-1β, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and phosphorylated AMPK expression in gastric tissue. Results: AdipoRon produced a gastroprotective effect in both GU mouse models as evidenced by significantly lower macroscopic and microscopic damage scores. AdipoRon exhibited anti-inflammatory effect by reduction in MPO activity and IL-1β expression in the gastric tissue. Moreover, AdipoRon induced antioxidative action, as demonstrated with higher GSH levels, and increased SOD and GPX activity. Conclusions: Activation of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 using AdipoRon reduced gastric lesions and enhanced cell response to oxidative stress. Our data suggest that AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 activation may be an attractive therapeutic strategy to inhibit development of gastric ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hubert Zatorski
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (H.Z.); (M.S.); (M.Z.); (K.M.); (A.B.)
- Department of Digestive Tract Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, 93-281 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Maciej Salaga
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (H.Z.); (M.S.); (M.Z.); (K.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Marta Zielińska
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (H.Z.); (M.S.); (M.Z.); (K.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Kinga Majchrzak
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (H.Z.); (M.S.); (M.Z.); (K.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Agata Binienda
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (H.Z.); (M.S.); (M.Z.); (K.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Radzisław Kordek
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Ewa Małecka-Panas
- Department of Digestive Tract Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, 93-281 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Jakub Fichna
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (H.Z.); (M.S.); (M.Z.); (K.M.); (A.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-42-272-57-07
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Zhang J, Diao P, Zhang L. Intravenous versus oral omeprazole on patients with high risk bleeding peptic ulcers: A prospective randomized clinical trial protocol. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e25136. [PMID: 33832076 PMCID: PMC8036073 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000025136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) decrease the rate of rebleeding following endoscopic hemostatic therapy in patients with bleeding peptic ulcers. This study compares the efficacy of oral omeprazole vs intravenous omeprazole in decrease of rebleeding of peptic ulcer patients. METHOD The present study was authorized by the local research ethics committee of Jiangjin District Central Hospital (2020120987) and informed consent was obtained from all patients. All adult patients who were admitted to medical emergency rooms of Jiangjin District Central Hospital due to upper gastrointestinal bleeding (as evidenced by hematemesis, melena or hematochezia) were considered for inclusion in the study. Endoscopy was performed within 24 hours after admission. Patients older than 18 years with successful endoscopic therapy of high risk ulcers [defined as active bleeding (Forrest IA, IB), non-bleeding visible vessel (NBVV, Forrest IIA) or adherent clots (Forrest IIB)] were enrolled. Patients with low risk ulcers (clean base, ulcers with a simple washable clot), suspicious malignant ulcer, bleeding tendency, uremia, liver cirrhosis, Mallory Weiss tear or already on PPI as an outpatient were excluded from study. All were managed endoscopically by injecting 5-30 ml of epinephrine (diluted 1:10000) around the ulcer crater. Cavitations or flattening of bleeding vessel and disappearance of NBVV was considered as established homeostasis. A biopsy was taken from antrum for evaluating Helicobacter pylori infection. Patient with unsuccessful endoscopic therapy were not enrolled and were referred to general surgeon. Information on demography, history of previous upper gastrointestinal bleeding, NSAID or ASA ingestion, ulcer location, bleeding stigmata and blood transfusion volume at entry were recorded in all patients. In the oral omeprazole group, the patients received 40 mg omeprazole orally twice daily for 72 hours. In intravenous omeprazole group, they received omeprazole 80 mg bolus and then 8 mg/hour infusion for 48-72 hours. Then, all patients received omeprazole 20 mg orally for 30 days. On the day of discharge Helicobacter pylori infected patients received standard regimens. RESULTS Figure 1 showed the primary and secondary end points. DISCUSSION Intravenous administration of PPIs has limitations. They are expensive, require a dedicated intravenous line, need nursing supervision and hospital admission. So, it would be reasonable to prescribe oral PPIs to patients with high risk bleeding ulcers provided that it is as effective as its intravenous counterpart. Oral PPIs have a high bioavailability. Its effect initiates one hour after ingestion and the maximal plasma concentration is achieved after 2-3 hours. However, there are few studies comparing oral and intravenous PPI in decreasing risk of rebleeding in peptic ulcer patients. More high quality randomized controlled trials are still necessary. REGISTRATION NUMBER researchregistry 6588.
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Chamniansawat S, Kampuang N, Suksridechacin N, Thongon N. Ultrastructural intestinal mucosa change after prolonged inhibition of gastric acid secretion by omeprazole in male rats. Anat Sci Int 2021; 96:142-156. [PMID: 32931001 DOI: 10.1007/s12565-020-00572-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Omeprazole is a potent inhibitor of gastric acid secretion. It was reported that omeprazole induced dramatic gastric mucosa morphologic changes from the resting state to the stimulated state. However, the effect of omeprazole administration on the ultrastructure and absorptive function of small intestines was largely unknown. Here, male Sprague-Dawley rats were daily treated with a single dose of omeprazole for 12 or 24 weeks. Ultrastructure intestinal mucosal change in duodenum, jejunum, and ileum was observed. We also determined small intestine inflammation, using intraepithelial lymphocytes activation. Finally, magnesium levels were measured in plasma, urine, feces, muscle, and bone to determine systemic magnesium balance. Omeprazole-treated rats had significantly decreased the width of tight junction, villous length, and absorptive area of duodenum, jejunum, and ileum compared to control rats. The small intestine of the omeprazole-treated group showed significantly higher intraepithelial lymphocytes activation levels compared with the control group. Lower secretory granules of Paneth cells at the base of the crypts were showed in omeprazole-treated rats. They also had significantly lower plasma, urinary, bone, and muscle Mg2+ contents indicating hypomagnesemia with systemic magnesium deficiency. In conclusion, prolonged omeprazole treatment-induced small intestinal inflammation and villous atrophy, which led to decrease small intestinal magnesium absorption in the condition of proton pump inhibitor-induced hypomagnesemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siriporn Chamniansawat
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Burapha University, 169 Long-Hard Bangsaen Rd., Saensook, Muang, Chon Buri, 20131, Thailand
| | - Nattida Kampuang
- Division of Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Burapha University, Chon Buri, Thailand
| | - Nasisorn Suksridechacin
- Division of Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Burapha University, Chon Buri, Thailand
| | - Narongrit Thongon
- Division of Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Burapha University, Chon Buri, Thailand.
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Abstract
IMPORTANCE Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is defined by recurrent and troublesome heartburn and regurgitation or GERD-specific complications and affects approximately 20% of the adult population in high-income countries. OBSERVATIONS GERD can influence patients' health-related quality of life and is associated with an increased risk of esophagitis, esophageal strictures, Barrett esophagus, and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Obesity, tobacco smoking, and genetic predisposition increase the risk of developing GERD. Typical GERD symptoms are often sufficient to determine the diagnosis, but less common symptoms and signs, such as dysphagia and chronic cough, may occur. Patients with typical GERD symptoms can be medicated empirically with a proton pump inhibitor (PPI). Among patients who do not respond to such treatment or if the diagnosis is unclear, endoscopy, esophageal manometry, and esophageal pH monitoring are recommended. Patients with GERD symptoms combined with warning symptoms of malignancy (eg, dysphagia, weight loss, bleeding) and those with other main risk factors for esophageal adenocarcinoma, such as older age, male sex, and obesity, should undergo endoscopy. Lifestyle changes, medication, and surgery are the main treatment options for GERD. Weight loss and smoking cessation are often useful. Medication with a PPI is the most common treatment, and after initial full-dose therapy, which usually is omeprazole 20 mg once daily, the aim is to use the lowest effective dose. Observational studies have suggested several adverse effects after long-term PPI, but these findings need to be confirmed before influencing clinical decision making. Surgery with laparoscopic fundoplication is an invasive treatment alternative in select patients after thorough and objective assessments, particularly if they are young and healthy. Endoscopic and less invasive surgical techniques are emerging, which may reduce the use of long-term PPI and fundoplication, but the long-term safety and efficacy remain to be scientifically established. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The clinical management of GERD influences the lives of many individuals and is responsible for substantial consumption of health care and societal resources. Treatments include lifestyle modification, PPI medication, and laparoscopic fundoplication. New endoscopic and less invasive surgical procedures are evolving. PPI use remains the dominant treatment, but long-term therapy requires follow-up and reevaluation for potential adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Maret-Ouda
- Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Clinical Research Sormland, Uppsala University, Eskilstuna, Sweden
| | - Sheraz R Markar
- Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jesper Lagergren
- Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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Jadcherla SR, Hasenstab KA, Gulati IK, Helmick R, Ipek H, Yildiz V, Wei L. Impact of Feeding Strategies With Acid Suppression on Esophageal Reflexes in Human Neonates With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Single-Blinded Randomized Clinical Trial. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2020; 11:e00249. [PMID: 33259163 PMCID: PMC7643906 DOI: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aims were to test hypothesis that esophageal provocation-induced reflexes are superior with acid suppression plus feeding modifications vs acid suppression alone among infants treated for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). METHODS Infants (N = 49, 41.3 ± 2.6 of postmenstrual age) with acid reflux index >3% underwent longitudinal motility testing (weeks 0 and 5) with graded midesophageal provocation to test randomly allocated therapies (4 weeks' proton pump inhibitor [PPI] ± feeding modifications) on sensory-motor aerodigestive reflexes. Feeding modification included restricted fluid volume <140 mL/kg per day, fed over 30 minutes in right lateral position and supine postprandial position. Primary motility outcome was frequency-occurrence of peristaltic reflex. Secondary outcomes included upper esophageal sphincter contractile reflex, lower esophageal sphincter (LES) relaxation reflex, respiratory change, and symptom characteristics. RESULTS Treatment groups did not differ for primary outcome (odds ratio = 0.8, 95% confidence interval 0.4-1.6, P = 0.99) or secondary outcomes (all P > 0.05). For both treatment groups at follow-up, distal esophageal contraction and LES tone decreased, and LES relaxation reflex occurrence is less frequent (all P < 0.05). In a subgroup analysis, comparing infants with PPI washout (N = 40) vs with continued (N = 9) PPI therapy, no differences were noted for aerodigestive reflex response frequency-occurrence (all P > 0.05). DISCUSSION In infants with GERD, feeding modification with acid suppression is not superior to acid suppression alone in modifying aerodigestive reflexes (frequency, sensation, or magnitude). Contiguous areas targeted by GER, i.e., LES and distal esophageal functions, worsened at follow-up for both groups despite PPI therapy. Maturation is likely the key factor for GERD resolution in infants, justifying the use of placebo in clinical trials for objectively determined GERD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudarshan R. Jadcherla
- Innovative Infant Feeding Disorders Research Program, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Division of Neonatology, Nationwide Children's Hospital Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Kathryn A. Hasenstab
- Innovative Infant Feeding Disorders Research Program, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Ish K. Gulati
- Innovative Infant Feeding Disorders Research Program, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Division of Neonatology, Nationwide Children's Hospital Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Roseanna Helmick
- Innovative Infant Feeding Disorders Research Program, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Haluk Ipek
- Innovative Infant Feeding Disorders Research Program, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Vedat Yildiz
- Biostatistics Resource at Nationwide Children's Hospital (BRANCH), Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Center for Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Lai Wei
- Center for Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Jarmusch AK, Vrbanac A, Momper JD, Ma JD, Alhaja M, Liyanage M, Knight R, Dorrestein PC, Tsunoda SM. Enhanced Characterization of Drug Metabolism and the Influence of the Intestinal Microbiome: A Pharmacokinetic, Microbiome, and Untargeted Metabolomics Study. Clin Transl Sci 2020; 13:972-984. [PMID: 32216086 PMCID: PMC7485946 DOI: 10.1111/cts.12785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Determining factors that contribute to interindividual and intra-individual variability in pharmacokinetics (PKs) and drug metabolism is essential for the optimal use of drugs in humans. Intestinal microbes are important contributors to variability; however, such gut microbe-drug interactions and the clinical significance of these interactions are still being elucidated. Traditional PKs can be complemented by untargeted mass spectrometry coupled with molecular networking to study the intricacies of drug metabolism. To show the utility of molecular networking on metabolism we investigated the impact of a 7-day course of cefprozil on cytochrome P450 (CYP) activity using a modified Cooperstown cocktail and assessed plasma, urine, and fecal data by targeted and untargeted metabolomics and molecular networking in healthy volunteers. This prospective study revealed that cefprozil decreased the activities of CYP1A2, CYP2C19, and CYP3A, decreased alpha diversity and increased interindividual microbiome variability. We further demonstrate a relationship between the loss of microbiome alpha diversity caused by cefprozil and increased drug and metabolite formation in fecal samples. Untargeted metabolomics/molecular networking revealed several omeprazole metabolites that we hypothesize may be metabolized by both CYP2C19 and bacteria from the gut microbiome. Our observations are consistent with the hypothesis that factors that perturb the gut microbiome, such as antibiotics, alter drug metabolism and ultimately drug efficacy and toxicity but that these effects are most strongly revealed on a per individual basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan K. Jarmusch
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation CenterUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Alison Vrbanac
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jeremiah D. Momper
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Joseph D. Ma
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Maher Alhaja
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Marlon Liyanage
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
- Center for Microbiome InnovationUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Pieter C. Dorrestein
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation CenterUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
- Center for Microbiome InnovationUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Shirley M. Tsunoda
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
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11
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Celiac disease is an autoimmune enteropathy characterized by an aberrant immune response to ingested gluten in genetically predisposed individuals. Studies have pointed to a rising prevalence of celiac disease in recent decades. Changes in diet and use of medication that may impact the gut microbiome have been suggested as potential contributors. Exposure to proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) was recently found to be associated with an increased risk for subsequent diagnosis of celiac disease. We aimed to investigate potential mechanisms for this link by examining the relationship between PPI use and gluten-related immune responses in the context of changes in gut microbiome. METHODS We performed a post hoc analysis of blood and fecal samples from a recent randomized trial in order to assess the potential association between PPI use and development of celiac disease serology in conjunction with alterations in gastrointestinal microbial composition. The study included 12 healthy participants who were administered a PPI (Omeprazole; 40 mg twice daily) for 4 or 8 weeks. RESULTS The analysis did not reveal an overall significant change in levels of serologic markers of celiac disease for the study cohort in response to PPI treatment. However, one individual developed a marked increase in the celiac disease-specific autoantibody response to transglutaminase 2 in conjunction with enhanced immune reactivity to gluten during the trial. Genotyping revealed positivity for the celiac disease-associated HLA-DQ2 and -DQ8 alleles. Furthermore, the observed elevation in antibody responses was closely associated with a sharp increase in fecal abundance of bacteria of the order Actinomycetales. CONCLUSIONS The results of this exploratory analysis support further investigation of molecular mechanisms involved in the contribution of PPIs to celiac disease risk through the potential enhancement of gluten immunopathology and changes in gut microbial population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Jang
- Department of Medicine
- Institute of Human Nutrition
| | - Benjamin Lebwohl
- Department of Medicine
- Celiac Disease Center
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center
| | - Julian A. Abrams
- Department of Medicine
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center
| | | | | | - Armin Alaedini
- Department of Medicine
- Institute of Human Nutrition
- Celiac Disease Center
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
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12
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Chen P, Li L, Wang H, Zhao J, Cheng Y, Xie J, Cao M, Huang L, Yang F, Chen H, Chen J, Su M, Xu Y, Zheng F, Geng L, Xu W, Gong S. Omeprazole, an inhibitor of proton pump, suppresses De novo lipogenesis in gastric epithelial cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 130:110472. [PMID: 32738635 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND De novo lipogenesis (DNL) has been reported to involve in a serial types of disease. A standard triple therapy, including a PPI, omeprazole, and antibiotics (clarithromycin and amoxicillin), is widely used as the first-line regimen for helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-infectious treatment. The objective of this study is to explore the function of a standard triple therapy on DNL. METHODS AND RESULTS We collected the clinical sample from the patients diagnosed with or without H. pylori infection. Oil red staining, real-time PCR, western blotting (WB) and adipored experiment were performed to detect the effect of a standard triple therapy on DNL. The expression of relative key enzymes was assessed in gastric mucosa of clinical sample by IHC. Both 54 cases with H. pylori-negative and 37 cases with H. pylori-positive were enrolled in this study, and IHC assay showed that both fatty acid synthase (FASN) and ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY) expression, the critical enzymes involved in DNL, were increased in gastric mucosa of patients with H. pylori-positive compared with that with H. pylori-negative. Real-time PCR and WB analysis showed that neither clarithromycin nor amoxicillin inhibited FASN and ACLY expression, while treatment of BGC823 cells with omeprazole with 200 μM or 300 μM significantly abolished FASN and ACLY expression, leading to reduce lipid content. CONCLUSION These findings suggested that omeprazole suppressed DNL in gastric cells, implying that targeting DNL is an alternative strategy in improving the treatment of patients with H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyu Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linkai Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhuhai Center for Maternal and Child Health Care, Zhuhai, China
| | - Hongli Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junhong Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meiwan Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fangying Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayu Chen
- Department of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingmin Su
- Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Wales, CF103AT, UK
| | - Yuxin Xu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fengfeng Zheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, China
| | - Lanlan Geng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanfu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Sitang Gong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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13
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Talicia - a 3-drug combination for Helicobacter pylori infection. Med Lett Drugs Ther 2020; 62:83-5. [PMID: 32555115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
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14
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Suksridechacin N, Kulwong P, Chamniansawat S, Thongon N. Effect of prolonged omeprazole administration on segmental intestinal Mg 2+ absorption in male Sprague-Dawley rats. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:1142-1155. [PMID: 32231419 PMCID: PMC7093313 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i11.1142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The exact mechanism of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)-induced hypomagnesemia (PPIH) is largely unknown. Previous studies proposed that PPIH is a consequence of intestinal Mg2+ malabsorption. However, the mechanism of PPIs-suppressed intestinal Mg2+ absorption is under debate.
AIM To investigate the effect of 12-wk and 24-wk omeprazole injection on the total, transcellular, and paracellular Mg2+ absorption in the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon of male Sprague-Dawley rats.
METHODS The rats received 20 mg/kg∙d subcutaneous omeprazole injection for 12 or 24 wk. Plasma and urinary Mg2+, Ca2+, and PO43− levels were measured. The plasma concentrations of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1α,25(OH)2D3), parathyroid hormone (PTH), fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and insulin were also observed. The duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon of each rat were mounted onto individual modified Using chamber setups to study the rates of total, transcellular, and paracellular Mg2+ absorption simultaneously. The expression of transient receptor potential melastatin 6 (TRPM6) and cyclin M4 (CNNM4) in the entire intestinal tract was also measured.
RESULTS Single-dose omeprazole injection significantly increased the intraluminal pH of the stomach, duodenum, and jejunum. Omeprazole injection for 12 and 24 wk induced hypomagnesemia with reduced urinary Mg2+ excretion. The plasma Ca2+ was normal but the urinary Ca2+ excretion was reduced in rats with PPIH. The plasma and urinary PO43− levels increased in PPIH rats. The levels of 1α,25(OH)2D3 and FGF-23 increased, whereas that of plasma EGF decreased in the omeprazole-treated rats. The rates of the total, transcellular, and paracellular Mg2+ absorption was significantly lower in the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon of the rats with PPIH than in those of the control rats. The percent suppression of Mg2+ absorption in the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon of the rats with PPIH compared with the control rats was 81.86%, 70.59%, 69.45%, and 39.25%, respectively. Compared with the control rats, the rats with PPIH had significantly higher TRPM6 and CNNM4 expression levels throughout the intestinal tract.
CONCLUSION Intestinal Mg2+ malabsorption was observed throughout the intestinal tract of rats with PPIH. PPIs mainly suppressed small intestinal Mg2+ absorption. Omeprazole exerted no effect on the intraluminal acidic pH in the colon. Thus, the lowest percent suppression of total Mg2+ absorption was found in the colon. The expression levels of TRPM6 and CNNM4 increased, indicating the presence of a compensatory response to Mg2+ malabsorption in rats with PPIH. Therefore, the small intestine is an appropriate segment that should be modulated to counteract PPIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasisorn Suksridechacin
- Division of Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
| | - Punnisa Kulwong
- Division of Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
| | - Siriporn Chamniansawat
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
| | - Narongrit Thongon
- Division of Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
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15
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Razavizadeh M, Arj A, Madani M, Gilassi H. Comparing the Efficacy of Sequential and Standard Quadruple Therapy for Eradication of H. Pylori Infection. Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove) 2020; 63:183-187. [PMID: 33355079 DOI: 10.14712/18059694.2020.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was comparison the effectiveness of sequential and standard quadruple therapy on eradication of H. pylori infection. METHODS This clinical trial study was conducted on 160 patients with dyspepsia or gastroduodenal ulcer. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. Group A (standard regimen) received omeprazole, amoxicillin, clarithromycin and bismuth subcitrate for 2 weeks. Group B (sequential regimen) received omeprazole and amoxicillin in 5 days and omeprazole, tinidazole and levofloxacin in 5 days. After the end of treatment regimens, 20 mg omeprazole was administered twice daily for 3 weeks. H. pylori eradication was assessed 2 months after antibiotic treatment via fecal antigen. RESULTS Frequency of H. pylori eradication in group A and B was observed in 55 (68.8%) and 63 patients (78.8%), respectively. No significant difference was seen between two groups, regarding H. pylori eradication (p = 0.15). The most common side effects in group A, B were bitterness of mouth (63.8%) and nausea (16.2%), respectively (p H. pylori infection, higher rate of H. pylori eradication was seen in group B than group A. Thus, sequential regimen was a more appropriate regimen with fewer complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Razavizadeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Abbas Arj
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Maryam Madani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Gilassi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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16
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Mohamed MF, Feng T, Enejosa JV, Fisniku O, Othman AA. Effects of Upadacitinib Coadministration on the Pharmacokinetics of Sensitive Cytochrome P450 Probe Substrates: A Study With the Modified Cooperstown 5+1 Cocktail. J Clin Pharmacol 2020; 60:86-95. [PMID: 31378969 PMCID: PMC6972567 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.1496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize the effects of upadacitinib, a Janus kinase 1 inhibitor, on in vivo activity of different cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes using a cocktail approach. Healthy subjects (n = 20) received single oral doses of the modified Cooperstown 5+1 cocktail drugs (midazolam [CYP3A], caffeine [CYP1A2], warfarin + vitamin K [CYP2C9], omeprazole [CYP2C19], and dextromethorphan [CYP2D6]) without upadacitinib and on day 11 (midazolam) or 12 (all other probes) of a 15-day regimen of upadacitinib 30 mg once daily (extended-release formulation). Serial blood samples and 12-hour urine samples were collected for assays of the probe substrates and select metabolites. The ratio (90%CI) of area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time 0 to infinity (AUCinf ) central values when the cocktail drugs were administered with upadacitinib relative to when administered alone were 0.74 (0.68-0.80) for midazolam, 1.22 (1.15-1.29) for caffeine, 1.11 (1.07-1.15) for S-warfarin, 1.07 (0.95-1.22) for dextromethorphan, and 0.82 (0.72-0.94) for omeprazole. The ratio (90%CI) was 1.09 (1.00-1.19) for 5-hydroxy-omeprazole to omeprazole AUCinf ratio and 1.17 (0.97-1.41) for dextromethorphan to dextrorphan 12-hour molar urinary ratio. Upadacitinib 30 mg once daily (a dose that is twice the optimal dose in rheumatoid arthritis based on phase 3 results) has a limited effect on CYP3A activity (26% decrease in exposure of midazolam, a sensitive CYP3A substrate) and no relevant effects on CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, or CYP2D6 activity in vivo. No clinically relevant changes in plasma exposures are expected for drugs that are substrates for the evaluated CYP enzymes when coadministered with upadacitinib.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tian Feng
- Department of StatisticsAbbVie Inc.North ChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | | | - Ogert Fisniku
- Regulated BioanalysisAbbVie Inc.North ChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Ahmed A. Othman
- Clinical Pharmacology and PharmacometricsAbbVie Inc.North ChicagoIllinoisUSA
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17
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Qutbi M. What is this image? 2019: Image 2 result : Reduction in interfering gastric wall uptake on myocardial perfusion SPECT following a 2-week period of omeprazole withdrawal. J Nucl Cardiol 2019; 26:1517-1519. [PMID: 31359363 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-019-01829-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Qutbi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taleghani Educational Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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18
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Castro-Fernández M, Marqués-Ruiz A, Cámara-Baena S, Grande-Santamaría L. Clostridium difficile infection associated with bismuth-based quadruple therapy (Pylera ®) for Helicobacter pylori eradication. Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 42:459-460. [PMID: 30902506 DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Castro-Fernández
- Unidad de Gestión Cínica de Enfermedades Digestivas, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Tomares, Sevilla, España.
| | - Alberto Marqués-Ruiz
- Unidad de Gestión Cínica de Enfermedades Digestivas, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Tomares, Sevilla, España
| | - Sergio Cámara-Baena
- Unidad de Gestión Cínica de Enfermedades Digestivas, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Tomares, Sevilla, España
| | - Lourdes Grande-Santamaría
- Unidad de Gestión Cínica de Enfermedades Digestivas, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Tomares, Sevilla, España
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Fahey JW, Wade KL, Stephenson KK, Panjwani AA, Liu H, Cornblatt G, Cornblatt BS, Ownby SL, Fuchs E, Holtzclaw WD, Cheskin LJ. Bioavailability of Sulforaphane Following Ingestion of Glucoraphanin-Rich Broccoli Sprout and Seed Extracts with Active Myrosinase: A Pilot Study of the Effects of Proton Pump Inhibitor Administration. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071489. [PMID: 31261930 PMCID: PMC6682992 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined whether gastric acidity would affect the activity of myrosinase, co-delivered with glucoraphanin (GR), to convert GR to sulforaphane (SF). A broccoli seed and sprout extract (BSE) rich in GR and active myrosinase was delivered before and after participants began taking the anti-acid omeprazole, a potent proton pump inhibitor. Gastric acidity appears to attenuate GR bioavailability, as evidenced by more SF and its metabolites being excreted after participants started taking omeprazole. Enteric coating enhanced conversion of GR to SF, perhaps by sparing myrosinase from the acidity of the stomach. There were negligible effects of age, sex, ethnicity, BMI, vegetable consumption, and bowel movement frequency and quality. Greater body mass correlated with reduced conversion efficiency. Changes in the expression of 20 genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were evaluated as possible pharmacodynamic indicators. When grouped by their primary functions based on a priori knowledge, expression of genes associated with inflammation decreased non-significantly, and those genes associated with cytoprotection, detoxification and antioxidant functions increased significantly with bioavailability. Using principal components analysis, component loadings of the changes in gene expression confirmed these groupings in a sensitivity analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jed W Fahey
- Cullman Chemoprotection Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
- Center for Human Nutrition, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Kristina L Wade
- Cullman Chemoprotection Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Katherine K Stephenson
- Cullman Chemoprotection Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Anita A Panjwani
- Cullman Chemoprotection Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Center for Human Nutrition, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Hua Liu
- Cullman Chemoprotection Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Grace Cornblatt
- Nutramax Laboratories Consumer Care, Inc., Edgewood, MD 21040, USA
| | | | - Stacy L Ownby
- Nutramax Laboratories Consumer Care, Inc., Edgewood, MD 21040, USA
| | - Edward Fuchs
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Walter David Holtzclaw
- Cullman Chemoprotection Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Lawrence J Cheskin
- Department of Health Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
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20
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Shih YS, Tsai CH, Li TC, Yu CJ, Chou JW, Feng CL, Wang KT, Lai HC, Hsieh CL. Effect of wu chu yu tang on gastroesophageal reflux disease: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Phytomedicine 2019; 56:118-125. [PMID: 30668332 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.09.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease GERD are heartburn and acid regurgitation. Proton-pump inhibitors (PPI) are considered to be safe and effective for the treatment of GERD. In traditional Chinese medicine, wu chu yu tang (WCYT) is used to treat nausea after eating, vomiting, and diarrhea. PURPOSE We designed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial to evaluate the therapeutic effect of WCYT on GERD using omeprazole as a PPI for the positive control. METHODS Ninety patients with GERD were randomly assigned to the 1) control group (CG), who received an oral administration of omeprazole (20 mg) once per day and given WCYT placebo (3.0 g) three times per day for 4 weeks continuously; or the 2) treatment group (TG), who received oral administration of omeprazole (20 mg) placebo once per day and WCYT (3.0 g) three times per day for 4 weeks continuously. RESULTS Seventy-seven patients (37 in CG, 40 in TG) completed the trial. Both Reflux Disease Questionnaire (RDQ) and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire (GERDQ) scores was less in the second assessment (V2) and in the third assessment (V3) than those in V1 (first assessment; baseline) in the CG and TG groups (all p < 0.001); the score difference of both RDQ and GERDQ between V2 and V1 was similar between CG and TG (p = 1.00, p = 0.54, respectively). The score difference of both RDQ and GERD between V3 and V1 was less in the CG group than those of the TG group (both p = 0.004). CONCLUSION WCYT has an effect similar to omeprazole for GERD treatment. Furthermore, this effect resulting from WCYT appeared to be maintained for a longer period of time than did that of omeprazole. A study with a larger sample size and longer study period is needed to corroborate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Sing Shih
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Hai Tsai
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Chung Li
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ju Yu
- Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Wei Chou
- Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Lung Feng
- Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Teng Wang
- Brion Research Institute of Taiwan, Taipei City 231, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Chou Lai
- Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical Univeristy, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Liang Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
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21
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Martín-Núñez GM, Cornejo-Pareja I, Coin-Aragüez L, Roca-Rodríguez MDM, Muñoz-Garach A, Clemente-Postigo M, Cardona F, Moreno-Indias I, Tinahones FJ. H. pylori eradication with antibiotic treatment causes changes in glucose homeostasis related to modifications in the gut microbiota. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213548. [PMID: 30870471 PMCID: PMC6417676 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background H. pylori infection and eradication cause perturbations of the gut microbiome. The gut microbiota has been identified as a potential contributor to metabolic diseases. We evaluate whether these alterations in intestinal microbiota composition produced by H. pylori infection and its posterior eradication with antibiotic treatment could be associated with glucose homeostasis in metabolically healthy subjects. Methods Forty adult patients infected with H. pylori and 20 control subjects were recruited. The infected subjects were evaluated before and two months after eradication treatment (omeprazole, clarithromycin, amoxicillin). The microbiota composition in fecal samples was determined by 16S rRNA gene (V3-V4) sequencing using Illumina Miseq. Results Patients (pre- and post-H. pylori eradication) showed a decreased bacterial richness and diversity with respect to controls. There was an improvement in glucose homeostasis in subjects two months after H. pylori eradication treatment. Changes in the amount of Rikenellaceae, Butyricimonas, E. biforme, B. fragilis, and Megamonas were inversely associated with changes in the glucose level or related parameters (Hb1ac) in H. pylori eradication subjects. Conclusions H. pylori infection and eradication with antibiotic treatment causes alteration of the human gut microbiome. The increase in SCFA-producing bacteria and glucose-removing bacteria, specifically members of Megamonas, Rikenellaceae and Butyricimonas, has been related with an improvement in glucose homeostasis after H. pylori eradication with antibiotic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gracia Mª Martín-Núñez
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Cornejo-Pareja
- Departamento de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
| | - Leticia Coin-Aragüez
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Araceli Muñoz-Garach
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
| | - Mercedes Clemente-Postigo
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Cardona
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Moreno-Indias
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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22
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Bolek T, Samoš M, Škorňová I, Schnierer M, Lipták P, Bánovčin P, Urban L, Staško J, Kubisz P, Galajda P, Mokán M. Dabigatran levels in omeprazole versus pantoprazole-treated patients with atrial fibrillation: is there a difference? Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2019; 75:875-877. [PMID: 30747244 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-019-02647-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Bolek
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Kollarova 2, 036 59, Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Matej Samoš
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Kollarova 2, 036 59, Martin, Slovak Republic.
| | - Ingrid Škorňová
- National Centre of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Martin Schnierer
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Lipták
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Bánovčin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Lukáš Urban
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Kollarova 2, 036 59, Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Ján Staško
- National Centre of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Kubisz
- National Centre of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Galajda
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Kollarova 2, 036 59, Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Marián Mokán
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Kollarova 2, 036 59, Martin, Slovak Republic
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Lindsay J, Mudge S, Thompson GR. Effects of Food and Omeprazole on a Novel Formulation of Super Bioavailability Itraconazole in Healthy Subjects. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2018; 62:e01723-18. [PMID: 30297369 PMCID: PMC6256753 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01723-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
To address the limited bioavailability and intolerance of the conventional itraconazole (ITZ) formulations, a new formulation labeled super bioavailability (SUBA) itraconazole has been developed; however, the specific effects of food and gastric pH are unknown. This study evaluated the pharmacokinetic profile of SUBA itraconazole under fasting and fed conditions, as well as with the concomitant administration of a proton pump inhibitor. First, the effect of food was assessed in an open-label, randomized, crossover bioavailability study of 65-mg SUBA itraconazole capsules (2 65-mg capsules twice a day) in healthy adults (n = 20) under fasting and fed conditions to steady-state levels. Second, an open-label, two-treatment, fixed-sequence comparative bioavailability study in healthy adults (n = 28) under fasted conditions compared the pharmacokinetics of a single oral dose of SUBA itraconazole capsules (2 65-mg capsules/day) with and without coadministration of daily omeprazole delayed-release capsules (1 40-mg capsule/day) under steady-state conditions. In the fed and fasted states, SUBA itraconazole demonstrated similar concentrations at the end of the dosing interval, with modestly lower total and peak ITZ exposure being shown when it was administered under fed conditions than when it was administered in the fasted state, with fed state/fasted state ratios of 78.09% (90% confidence interval [CI], 74.49 to 81.86%) for the area under the concentration-time curve over the dosing interval (14,183.2 versus 18,479.8 ng · h/ml), 73.05% (90% CI, 69.01 to 77.33%) for the maximum concentration at steady state (1,519.1 versus 2,085.2 ng/ml), and 91.53% (90% CI, 86.41 to 96.96%) for the trough concentration (1,071.5 versus 1,218.5 ng/ml) being found. When dosed concomitantly with omeprazole, there was a 22% increase in the total plasma exposure of ITZ, as measured by the area under the concentration-time curve from time zero to infinity (P = 0.0069), and a 31% increase in the peak plasma exposure of ITZ, as measured by the maximum concentration (P = 0.0083).
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Lindsay
- Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- Melbourne University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Stuart Mudge
- Mayne Pharma International, Salisbury, South Australia, Australia
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Saifullah AM, Ahmed F, Shil BC, Banik RK, Saha SK, Chowdhury M, Haque A, Alam MS, Akhter A. Comparative Study of Alginate and Omeprazole in Symptomatic Treatment of Non-erosive Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease. Mymensingh Med J 2018; 27:771-775. [PMID: 30487493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Gastroesophageal reflux disease is widely reported most prevalent disease of the gastrointestinal tract. The burden of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is increasing in Asia and the majority of patients have non-erosive reflux disease. This prospective, open label, non random (consecutive), experimental study was performed due to compare the therapeutic efficacy of alginate and omeprazole in relieving symptoms of non erosive reflux disease (NERD) and was carried out in the Outpatient Department of Gastroenterology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from December 2013 to May 2014. Sixty patients were enrolled for this study and were divided into two groups. Among them, 30 subjects were assigned to the omeprazole group (Group I) and 30 subjects to the alginate group (Group II). Omeprazole 20mg enteric coated capsule daily and alginate 10ml three times daily were administered 14 days in this study. In ITT analysis, achieving complete symptom relief (heart burn) was 56.7% in alginate group & 60% in omeprazole group. Statistically which was not significant (p=0.793). In PP analysis, this was 65.4% and 66.7% respectively. In this study, the overall satisfaction of omeprazole & alginate was more than 86% and the mean duration of heart burn free was found 5.0±4.0 days in Group I and 3.65±2.8 days in Group II. The difference was not statistically (p>0.05) significant between two groups in this study. Therapeutic efficacy and safety profiles of alginate were comparable to omeprazole after two weeks treatment in NERD subjects. So alginate may be considered as a relevant and effective alternative medication in non-erosive reflux.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Saifullah
- Dr ANM Saifullah, Assistant Professor, Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Salimullah Medical College (SSMC), Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail: saifullahanm @gmail.com
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25
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Šalandová J, Franc A, Hofmann J, Dumicic A, Kukačková L, Červená T, Beránek J, Srbek J, Repický A, Vladovičová B, Vetchý D. The effect of the composition of a fixed dose combination on bioequivalence results. Int J Pharm 2018; 546:235-246. [PMID: 29758343 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this work was to develop a new supergeneric product Meloxicam/Omeprazole. Such a combination brings a benefit in terms of decreasing side effects for the patients using meloxicam. The new combination is composed of a meloxicam powder blend (MPB) and omeprazole gastro-resistant pellets (OAP) in hard gelatin capsules. The main tasks were to select the excipients to keep the functional layer of OAP active and to prove the bioequivalence to the original products of meloxicam tablets together with omeprazole capsules. Although dissolution profiles similar to the original product were obtained, the unexpected results of omeprazole low bioavailability in the fed bioequivalence study (BES I) showed the necessity to investigate the formulation in greater depth. A modified more complex dissolution method was developed in order to understand the release of omeprazole under gastric conditions. This method revealed the degradation of omeprazole in the formulation when exposed to the fed conditions because of the increase in microenvironmental pH in the capsule caused by trisodium citrate, commonly used for improving solubility of meloxicam. This pH increase dissolved the gastro-resistant layer of OAP and caused the chemical degradation. To prevent this effect, a trisodium citrate-free formulation was developed. Reformulated capsules passed the repeated fed bioequivalence study (BES II).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Šalandová
- Zentiva, k.s. Praha, U Kabelovny 130, Prague 10, Czech Republic.
| | - Aleš Franc
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackého třída 1, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiří Hofmann
- Zentiva, k.s. Praha, U Kabelovny 130, Prague 10, Czech Republic.
| | | | - Lenka Kukačková
- Zentiva, k.s. Praha, U Kabelovny 130, Prague 10, Czech Republic.
| | - Tereza Červená
- Zentiva, k.s. Praha, U Kabelovny 130, Prague 10, Czech Republic.
| | - Josef Beránek
- Zentiva, k.s. Praha, U Kabelovny 130, Prague 10, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Srbek
- Zentiva, k.s. Praha, U Kabelovny 130, Prague 10, Czech Republic.
| | - Andrej Repický
- Saneca Pharmaceuticals, a.s., Nitrianská 100, Hlohovec, Slovakia
| | | | - David Vetchý
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackého třída 1, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Okamoto T, Hatakeyama S, Hosogoe S, Tanaka Y, Imanishi K, Takashima T, Saitoh F, Suzuki T, Ohyama C. Proton pump inhibitor as an independent factor of progression of abdominal aortic calcification in patients on maintenance hemodialysis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199160. [PMID: 29969455 PMCID: PMC6029762 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) can be associated with vascular calcification in patients undergoing dialysis through hypomagnesemia. However, only few studies have demonstrated the influence of PPIs on vascular calcification in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HD). This study aimed to investigate whether the use of PPIs accelerates vascular calcification in patients on HD. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively evaluated 200 HD patients who underwent regular blood tests and computed tomography (CT) between 2016 and 2017. The abdominal aortic calcification index (ACI) was measured using abdominal CT. The difference in the ACI values between 2016 and 2017 was evaluated as ΔACI. Patients were divided into PPI and non-PPI groups, and variables, such as patient background, medication, laboratory data, and ΔACI were compared. Factors independently associated with higher ΔACI progression (≥ third tertile value of ΔACI in this study) were determined using multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The PPI and non-PPI groups had 112 (56%) and 88 (44%) patients, respectively. Median and third tertile value of ΔACIs were 4.2% and 5.8%, respectively. Serum magnesium was significantly lower in the PPI (2.1 mg/dL) than in the non-PPI (2.3 mg/dL) group (P <0.001). Median ΔACI was significantly higher in the PPI (5.0%) than in the non-PPI (3.8%) group (P = 0.009). A total of 77 (39%) patients had a higher ΔACI. Multivariate analysis revealed that PPIs (odds ratio = 2.23; 95% confidence interval = 1.11-4.49), annual mean calcium phosphorus product, ACI in 2016, baseline serum magnesium levels, and HD vintage were independent factors associated with higher ΔACI progression after adjusting for confounders. CONCLUSION PPI use may accelerate vascular calcification in patients on HD. Further studies are necessary to elucidate their influence on vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teppei Okamoto
- Department of Urology, Oyokyo Kidney Research Institute Aomori Hospital, Aomori, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Shingo Hatakeyama
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Aomori, Japan
| | - Shogo Hosogoe
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Aomori, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Tanaka
- Department of Urology, Oyokyo Kidney Research Institute Aomori Hospital, Aomori, Japan
| | - Kengo Imanishi
- Department of Urology, Oyokyo Kidney Research Institute Aomori Hospital, Aomori, Japan
| | - Toru Takashima
- Department of Urology, Oyokyo Kidney Research Institute Aomori Hospital, Aomori, Japan
| | - Fumitada Saitoh
- Department of Urology, Oyokyo Kidney Research Institute Aomori Hospital, Aomori, Japan
| | - Tadashi Suzuki
- Department of Urology, Oyokyo Kidney Research Institute, Aomori, Japan
| | - Chikara Ohyama
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Aomori, Japan
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27
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Salmanroghani H, Mirvakili M, Baghbanian M, Salmanroghani R, Sanati G, Yazdian P. Efficacy and Tolerability of Two Quadruple Regimens: Bismuth, Omeprazole, Metronidazole with Amoxicillin or Tetracycline as First-Line Treatment for Eradication of Helicobacter Pylori in Patients with Duodenal Ulcer: A Randomized Clinical Trial. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197096. [PMID: 29889843 PMCID: PMC5995362 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of tetracycline vs. high-dose amoxicillin in bismuth-based quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) eradication. METHODS This randomized, open-label clinical trial included 228 patients with H.pylori infection and duodenal ulcer without a history of H.pylori treatment. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. The amoxicillin group received metronidazole 500mg, bismuth subcitrate 240mg, and amoxicillin 1000mg, all three times a day, plus omeprazole 20 mg twice a day, for 14 days. The tetracycline group received metronidazole 500mg three times a day; bismuth subcitrate240mg and tetracycline HCl 500mg, both four times a day; and omeprazole 20 mg twice a day, for 14 days. Evaluation for compliance and drug-relatedadverse effects were evaluated at the end of two weeks. Eight weeks after the end of treatment, the rate of H.pylori eradication was assessed by the C13urease breath test. RESULTS There were no significant demographic differences between the two groups. Eradication rate was higher with the amoxicillin-containing regimen than the tetracycline-containing regimen: 105/110 (95.51%; 95% confidence interval, 91.5%-99.3%) vs. 88/105 (83.8%; 95%CI, 76.7%-90.8%) by per-protocol analysis (p = 0.005) and 92.9% (95%CI, 88.1%-97.6%) vs. 76.5% (95%CI, 68.7%-84.2%) by intention-to-treat analysis (ITT, p = 0.001). Adverse effects were significant higher in the tetracycline groupthan in the amoxicillin group (65.2% vs. 43.4%; p = 0.001). CONCLUSION Bismuth-based quadruple therapy including high-dose amoxicillin and metronidazole achieved an acceptable rate of H.pylori infection eradication with good tolerance in patients with duodenal ulcer. This regimen can overcome treatment resistance in areas with high prevalence of metronidazole and clarithromycin resistance. TRIAL REGISTRATION The Thai Clinical Trial Registry (TCTR) 20170623004.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Salmanroghani
- Department of Internal Medicine, ShahidSadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- * E-mail:
| | - Massoud Mirvakili
- Department of Internal Medicine, ShahidSadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mahmud Baghbanian
- Department of Internal Medicine, ShahidSadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Roham Salmanroghani
- Department of Internal Medicine, ShahidSadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Golshid Sanati
- Immunology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pouria Yazdian
- Department of Internal Medicine, ShahidSadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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28
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Devereaux PJ, Duceppe E, Guyatt G, Tandon V, Rodseth R, Biccard BM, Xavier D, Szczeklik W, Meyhoff CS, Vincent J, Franzosi MG, Srinathan SK, Erb J, Magloire P, Neary J, Rao M, Rahate PV, Chaudhry NK, Mayosi B, de Nadal M, Iglesias PP, Berwanger O, Villar JC, Botto F, Eikelboom JW, Sessler DI, Kearon C, Pettit S, Sharma M, Connolly SJ, Bangdiwala SI, Rao-Melacini P, Hoeft A, Yusuf S. Dabigatran in patients with myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery (MANAGE): an international, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2018; 391:2325-2334. [PMID: 29900874 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(18)30832-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery (MINS) increases the risk of cardiovascular events and deaths, which anticoagulation therapy could prevent. Dabigatran prevents perioperative venous thromboembolism, but whether this drug can prevent a broader range of vascular complications in patients with MINS is unknown. The MANAGE trial assessed the potential of dabigatran to prevent major vascular complications among such patients. METHODS In this international, randomised, placebo-controlled trial, we recruited patients from 84 hospitals in 19 countries. Eligible patients were aged at least 45 years, had undergone non-cardiac surgery, and were within 35 days of MINS. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive dabigatran 110 mg orally twice daily or matched placebo for a maximum of 2 years or until termination of the trial and, using a partial 2-by-2 factorial design, patients not taking a proton-pump inhibitor were also randomly assigned (1:1) to omeprazole 20 mg once daily, for which results will be reported elsewhere, or matched placebo to measure its effect on major upper gastrointestinal complications. Research personnel randomised patients through a central 24 h computerised randomisation system using block randomisation, stratified by centre. Patients, health-care providers, data collectors, and outcome adjudicators were masked to treatment allocation. The primary efficacy outcome was the occurrence of a major vascular complication, a composite of vascular mortality and non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-haemorrhagic stroke, peripheral arterial thrombosis, amputation, and symptomatic venous thromboembolism. The primary safety outcome was a composite of life-threatening, major, and critical organ bleeding. Analyses were done according to the intention-to-treat principle. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01661101. FINDINGS Between Jan 10, 2013, and July 17, 2017, we randomly assigned 1754 patients to receive dabigatran (n=877) or placebo (n=877); 556 patients were also randomised in the omeprazole partial factorial component. Study drug was permanently discontinued in 401 (46%) of 877 patients allocated to dabigatran and 380 (43%) of 877 patients allocated to placebo. The composite primary efficacy outcome occurred in fewer patients randomised to dabigatran than placebo (97 [11%] of 877 patients assigned to dabigatran vs 133 [15%] of 877 patients assigned to placebo; hazard ratio [HR] 0·72, 95% CI 0·55-0·93; p=0·0115). The primary safety composite outcome occurred in 29 patients (3%) randomised to dabigatran and 31 patients (4%) randomised to placebo (HR 0·92, 95% CI 0·55-1·53; p=0·76). INTERPRETATION Among patients who had MINS, dabigatran 110 mg twice daily lowered the risk of major vascular complications, with no significant increase in major bleeding. Patients with MINS have a poor prognosis; dabigatran 110 mg twice daily has the potential to help many of the 8 million adults globally who have MINS to reduce their risk of a major vascular complication [corrected]. FUNDING Boehringer Ingelheim and Canadian Institutes of Health Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Devereaux
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
| | - Emmanuelle Duceppe
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gordon Guyatt
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Vikas Tandon
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Reitze Rodseth
- Department of Anaesthesia, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Bruce M Biccard
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital and University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Denis Xavier
- Department of Pharmacology, St John's Medical College and Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - Wojciech Szczeklik
- Department of Intensive Care and Perioperative Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Christian S Meyhoff
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Maria Grazia Franzosi
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Jason Erb
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Patrick Magloire
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - John Neary
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Mangala Rao
- Department of Pharmacology, St John's Medical College and Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Navneet K Chaudhry
- Department of Surgery, Christian Medical College Hospital, Ludhiana, India
| | - Bongani Mayosi
- Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital and University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Miriam de Nadal
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Otavio Berwanger
- Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa do Hospital do Coração (IEP-HCor), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juan Carlos Villar
- Departamento de Investigaciones, Fundación Cardioinfantil-Instituto de Cardiología (Bogotá) and Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Fernando Botto
- Estudios Clínicos Latinoamérica (ECLA), Rosario and Hospital Austral, Pilar, Argentina
| | - John W Eikelboom
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel I Sessler
- Department of Outcomes Research, Cleveland Clinic, Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Clive Kearon
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Shirley Pettit
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Mukul Sharma
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Stuart J Connolly
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Shrikant I Bangdiwala
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | - Andreas Hoeft
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Salim Yusuf
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Ashraf S, Khaliq T, Javed I, Aslam B, Qadir N, Noor N. Disposition kinetics of omeprazole in healthy female volunteers in Faisalabad. Pak J Pharm Sci 2018; 31:199-203. [PMID: 29348104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Omeprazole (OMP) a proton pump inhibitor is widely used to suppress gastric acid secretions of parietal cells of stomach and metabolized predominantly by CYP2C19. The objective of the present study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics and dosage regimen of OMP, after its single oral administration in eight healthy adult female subjects. Blood samples were collected at different time intervals after oral administration and their pH was measured. Plasma concentration of OMP was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system equipped with UV-visible Detector. The concentration versus time data was used to compute the pharmacokinetic parameters with the help of computer software programme MW/PHRAM APO version 3.02.Peak plasma concentration was (Cmax) 0.38±0.04 μg/ml achieved at 2.07±0.22 hrs. The elimination half-life (t1/2 β) was1.82 ± 0.42 hrs. Volume of distribution (Vd) in the present study was 0.40 ± 0.07 l/kg with total body clearance (ClB) 0.19 ± 0.02 l/hr/kg and area under the curve (AUC) 1.89 ± 0.23 μg.hr/ml.The pharmacokinetic properties which are different from the literature after oral administration of 20 mg OMP in eight healthy female volunteers may be due to the variations of environment and genetic variation between Pakistan and drug manufacturing of foreign countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Ashraf
- Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Tanweer Khaliq
- Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ijaz Javed
- Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Aslam
- Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nazia Qadir
- Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nadia Noor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Abstract
RATIONALE Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a symptomatic infection due to the spore-forming bacterium, C. difficile. Asymptomatic C. difficile colonization is the stage in absence of symptoms, with a prevalence of 1.4% to 21% on hospital admission. Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) was implicated as a novel potential contributor to CDI. PPIs injection could make asymptomatic C. difficile colonization progress to C. difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD). PATIENT CONCERNS A postoperative colon cancer patient, who had been taking omeprazole for 4 years after operation, got asymptomatic C. difficile colonization. When he developed clinical symptoms of digestive tract, tumor recurrence was first suspected and intravenous omeprazole was prescribed, which ultimately led to progression to symptomatic CDI. In this report, we tell the confusing differential diagnosis of cancer-associated diseases and CDAD, and discuss the possibility of solving the PPIs overuse problem by making clinical pathway of PPIs use in Chinese hospitals. DIAGNOSES CDAD, incomplete intestinal obstruction, postoperation of colon cancer. INTERVENTION Electrolyte replacement and rehydration. Parenteral nutrition support. Omeprazole was prescribed but withdrawn later, and oral vancomycin was given at a dose of 0.25 g 4 times per day for 10 days. OUTCOMES Diarrhea was resolved, so long as the acid reflux and vomiting. LESSONS We have 2 lessons here: Be aware of PPIs induced CDI, especially the asymptomatic C. difficile colonization. Making clinical pathway specified on PPIs use by pharmacists could be a practical way to solve the problem of PPIs overuse.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Huachong Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenjun Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Chuong MC, Taglieri CA, Kerr SG. To Flavor or Not to Flavor Extemporaneous Omeprazole Liquid. Int J Pharm Compd 2017; 21:500-512. [PMID: 29220339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used to treat the symptoms of gastro esophageal reflux disease, ulcers, excess stomach acid, infection with Helicobacter pylori, and to control the gastric side effects of various drugs. The approved dosage forms in the U.S. are powder in compounding kits, delayed-release granules for oral suspension, oral delayed-release tablets, and oral delayed-release capsules. An extemporaneously compounded unsweetened oral liquid method, published in the International Journal of Pharmaceutical Compounding, was found to be commonly used by pharmacists. This project investigated the robustness of the compendium omeprazole high-performance liquid chromatographic assay in evaluating an oral liquid made from commercial delayed-release pellets, the potency of extemporaneously compounded solutions having a 1.125% v/v flavored versus unflavored samples stored at controlled cold temperatures at different time points, and examining the absorption spectrum of the flavoring agent. As part of the study, stability-indication testing was also conducted. The studies indicate that the chromatographic area under the plasma concentration-time curve of both study groups remained over 90% of the label claim during the follow-up period. The flavor did not significantly impact the pH of the oral liquid. This study further identified (1) an increase in resilient foam formation in the flavored liquid, potentially hindering dosing accuracy, (2) omeprazole is oxidized easily by 3% hydrogen peroxide, and (3) flavoring agent absorbs in an ultraviolet visible spectroscopy spectral range often used in assay detectors for quantification of drug molecules, and could interfere with assay protocols of the same.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stephen G Kerr
- School of Pharmacy, MPCHS University, Boston, Massachusetts
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Kagolanu D, Sayedy N, Haseeb S, Shah S, Lam P, Munnangi S, Viswanathan P, Stephenson K. Usefulness of PA32540 in Protecting the Gastric Layer While Providing Secondary Prevention for Coronary Artery Disease. Am J Cardiol 2017; 120:1118-1121. [PMID: 28803655 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2017.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Aspirin has been the mainstay for secondary prevention of coronary artery disease to decrease early recurrence and severity of recurrent cardiovascular events. However, an increase in gastrointestinal bleeding due to aspirin is preventing many patients from adhering to this daily regimen. PA32540, a combination pill with aspirin and omeprazole, is a newly emerging intervention that has the potential to reinforce patient compliance with the aspirin regimen due to fewer gastrointestinal adverse effects. This systematic review assessed three recent phase 3 clinical trials investigating the safety and efficacy of PA32540. Clinical trials were chosen based on inclusion criteria such as phase 3, randomized, open-label or blinded studies, utilization of enteric-coated aspirin 325 mg dose, and measured GI adverse effects and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) as primary outcomes. Study A, a 6-month phase-3 study by Whellan et al., used two identically designed, randomized, double-blind trials to compare the GI adverse events and MACE after the use of PA32540 to 325mg of enteric coated Aspirin (EC-ASA) in subjects at risk for aspirin-associated gastric ulcers. Results showed fewer upper GI symptoms, decreased size of ulcers, and improved heartburn symptoms in subjects receiving PA32540 compared to EC-ASA. Study B, a 12-month phase-3 study by Hatoum et al., assessed secondary cardiovascular event prevention in a study population that was treated with PA32540 in comparison to a community setting (CS) group that was started on a standard antiplatelet treatment. Results indicated a 28% reduction of CV events in subjects treated with PA32540 compared to the CS group. Study C, a phase-3 open-label study by Goldstein et al., evaluating secondary prevention of cardiovascular/cerebrovascular events with the use of PA32450 for 12 months found that none of the 12-month completers were reported to have new-onset gastric ulcers. In conclusion, PA32540 could be an effective therapy for secondary prevention of coronary artery disease as studies are showing similar efficacy in preventing MACE with reduced GI side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepthi Kagolanu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nassau University Medical Center, East Meadow, USA.
| | - Najia Sayedy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nassau University Medical Center, East Meadow, USA
| | - Syed Haseeb
- Department of Medical Education, American University of Caribbean, Coral Gables, USA
| | - Shivani Shah
- School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, USA
| | - Paul Lam
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Harlem Hospital Columbia, Harlem, USA
| | - Swapna Munnangi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Albany Medical Center, Albany, USA
| | | | - Kent Stephenson
- Department of Cardiology, Nassau University Medical Center, East Meadow, USA
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Li MJ, Li Q, Sun M, Liu LQ. Comparative effectiveness and acceptability of the FDA-licensed proton pump inhibitors for erosive esophagitis: A PRISMA-compliant network meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e8120. [PMID: 28953640 PMCID: PMC5626283 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000008120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study compared the effectiveness and acceptability of all Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-recommended dose proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in erosive esophagitis (EE): Dexlansoprazole 60 mg, Esomeprazole 40 mg, Esomeprazole 20 mg, Pantoprazole 40 mg, Lansoprazole 30 mg, Rabeprazole 20 mg, Omeprazole 20 mg. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library. Totally, 25 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) met study selection criteria and were incorporated in this network meta-analysis (NMA) study. RESULTS For the NMA, eligible RCTs of adults with EE verified by endoscopic examination were randomly assigned to the licensed PPIs at least 4 weeks of continuous therapy. The primary efficacy outcome was the endoscopic healing rates at 4 and 8 weeks. Heartburn relief rates were a secondary efficacy outcome. The rates of withdrawal were analyzed as a safety outcome. In comparison to the common comparator omeprazole 20 mg, esomeprazole 40 mg provided significantly healing rates at 4 weeks [odds ratio (OR), 1.46 (95% confidence interval, 95% CI, 1.24-1.71)] and 8 weeks [1.58 (1.29-1.92)], and improved the heartburn relief rates [1.29 (1.07-1.56)]. In comparison to lansoprazole 30 mg, esomeprazole 40 mg provided significantly healing rates at 4 weeks [1.30 (1.10-1.53)] and 8 weeks [1.37 (1.13-1.67)], and improved the heartburn relief rates [1.29 (1.03-1.62)]. In terms of acceptability, only dexlansoprazole 60 mg had significantly more all-cause discontinuation than omeprazole 20 mg [1.54 (1.03-2.29)], pantoprazole 40 mg [1.68 (1.08-2.63)], and lansoprazole 30 mg [1.38 (1.02-1.88)]. CONCLUSION The standard-dose esomeprazole 40 mg had more superiority in mucosal erosion healing and heartburn relief. Esomeprazole 40 mg, pantoprazole 40 mg, esomeprazole 20 mg, and lansoprazole 30 mg showed more benefits in effectiveness and acceptability than other interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Juan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan Department of Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors & Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan Department of General Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P.R. China
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Carroll TL, Werner A, Nahikian K, Dezube A, Roth DF. Rethinking the laryngopharyngeal reflux treatment algorithm: Evaluating an alternate empiric dosing regimen and considering up-front, pH-impedance, and manometry testing to minimize cost in treating suspect laryngopharyngeal reflux disease. Laryngoscope 2017; 127 Suppl 6:S1-S13. [PMID: 28842999 DOI: 10.1002/lary.26806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Empiric proton pump inhibitor (PPI) trials for laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) are common. A majority of the patients respond to acid suppression. This work intends to evaluate once-daily, 40 mg omeprazole and once-nightly, 300 mg ranitidine (QD/QHS) dosing as an alternative regimen, and use this study's cohort to evaluate empiric regimens prescribed for LPR as compared to up-front testing with pH impedance multichannel intraluminal impedance (MII) with dual pH probes and high-resolution manometry (HRM) for potential cost minimization. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort review and cost minimization study. METHODS A chart review identified patients diagnosed with LPR. All subjects were treated sequentially and outcomes recorded. Initial QD/QHS dosing increased after 3 months to BID if no improvement and ultimately prescribed MII and HRM if they failed BID dosing. Decision tree diagrams were constructed to determine costs of two empiric regimens and up-front MII and HRM. RESULTS Ninety-seven subjects met the criteria. Responders and nonresponders to empiric therapy were identified. Seventy-two subjects (74%) responded. Forty-eight (67% of responders and 49% of all) improved with QD/QHS dosing. Forty-nine (51%) subjects escalated to BID dosing. Twenty-four subjects (33% of responders and 25% of all) improved on BID therapy. Twenty-five subjects (26%) did not respond to acid suppression. Average weighted cost was $1,897.00 per patient for up-front testing, $3,033.00 for initial BID, and $3,366.00 for initial QD/QHS. CONCLUSIONS An alternate QD/QHS regimen improved the majority who presented with presumed LPR. Cost estimates demonstrate that the QD/QHS regimen was more expensive than the initial BID high-dose PPI for 6 months. Overall per-patient cost appears less with up-front MII and HRM. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 4. Laryngoscope, 127:S1-S13, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas L Carroll
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A
- Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A
| | | | | | - Aaron Dezube
- Tufts Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A
| | - Douglas F Roth
- Department of Otolaryngology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A
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35
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Zhang W, Han Y, Fort JG, Schofield D, Tursi JP. The budget impact of using enteric-coated aspirin 325 mg + immediate-release omeprazole 40 mg to prevent recurrent cardiovascular events. J Med Econ 2017; 20:592-598. [PMID: 28145783 DOI: 10.1080/13696998.2017.1289940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid; ASA) is commonly used for secondary prevention of cardiovascular (CV) events, but may be associated with gastrointestinal (GI) adverse events, which can reduce adherence. Use of ASA co-therapy with proton pump inhibitors in patients at risk may be suboptimal. PA32540 (Yosprala™) is a coordinated-delivery tablet combining EC-ASA 325 mg and immediate-release omeprazole 40 mg. The objective of this flexible budget impact model was to project the financial consequences of introducing PA32540 325 mg/40 mg to prevent recurrent CV events, while reducing ASA-associated GI events in US adults. METHODS A Markov Model was employed to estimate health state transitions associated with ASA 75-325 mg, ASA 75-325 mg + generic delayed-release omeprazole 40 mg, PA32540, or clopidogrel 75 mg to prevent recurrent CV events. Health states included ulcers, GI bleeding, CV events, and death. Model inputs included demographics, treatment dosages, treatment costs, adverse GI and CV events, and premature death. Data from peer-reviewed literature and censuses enabled appropriate allocation of CV and GI disease prevalence and mortality. The PA32540 non-adherence rate was conservatively set at 20%. PA32540 market share was set to 50%. RESULTS The model projected annual savings of $81.0 million to $190.9 million within 1-5 years after PA32540 introduction to the plan, which included 134,558 members at risk for recurrent CV events. These values translate into savings of $602 (year 5) to $1,419 (year 1) per patient per year, and $81 (year 5) to $191 (year 1) per member per year. These values were robust to variations in parameters under a deterministic sensitivity analysis. CONCLUSION PA32540 use to prevent recurrent CV events was associated with cost reductions in each year examined with the model. From a health plan perspective, PA32540 is likely to have a net overall effect, resulting in significant cost savings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yi Han
- a WG Consulting , New York , NY , USA
| | - John G Fort
- b Aralez Pharmaceuticals R&D Inc ., Princeton , NJ , USA
| | | | - James P Tursi
- b Aralez Pharmaceuticals R&D Inc ., Princeton , NJ , USA
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Armani S, Ting L, Sauter N, Darstein C, Tripathi AP, Wang L, Zhu B, Gu H, Chun DY, Einolf HJ, Kulkarni S. Drug Interaction Potential of Osilodrostat (LCI699) Based on Its Effect on the Pharmacokinetics of Probe Drugs of Cytochrome P450 Enzymes in Healthy Adults. Clin Drug Investig 2017; 37:465-472. [PMID: 28155129 PMCID: PMC5394143 DOI: 10.1007/s40261-017-0497-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Osilodrostat (LCI699) is an adrenal steroidogenesis inhibitor currently in late-phase clinical development as a potential treatment for Cushing's disease. This study evaluated the inhibitory effect of osilodrostat on the pharmacokinetics of probe substrates of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes CYP1A2, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, and CYP3A4. METHODS Healthy adult volunteers received single-dose cocktail probe substrates [caffeine (100 mg), omeprazole (20 mg), dextromethorphan (30 mg), and midazolam (2 mg)] followed by a 6-day washout. Subjects then received a single dose of osilodrostat 50 mg followed by a single dose of cocktail probe substrates. RESULTS Nineteen of twenty subjects (ten were male) completed the study. Mean age, body weight, and body mass index were 41.8 years, 73.0 kg, and 24.4 kg/m2. Geometric mean ratio of the area under the concentration-time curve from time zero to the last measureable concentration and 90% confidence intervals of probe substrate exposure with osilodrostat were: caffeine (CYP1A2 probe substrate), 2.33 (2.10-2.59); omeprazole (CYP2C19), 1.91 (1.74-2.11); dextromethorphan (CYP2D6), 1.48 (1.34-1.63); and midazolam (CYP3A4/5), 1.50 (1.41-1.60). Corresponding values for geometric mean ratio of maximum plasma concentration (90% confidence interval) for the change in substrate exposure were 1.07 (0.988-1.15), 1.61 (1.40-1.84), 1.35 (1.21-1.50), and 1.47 (1.32-1.62). CONCLUSIONS Osilodrostat is a moderate inhibitor of CYP1A2 and CYP2C19 and a weak inhibitor of CYP2D6 and the most clinically important CYP enzyme, CYP3A4. Osilodrostat is unlikely to significantly increase the exposures of other medications cleared by CYP3A4. These findings are clinically relevant given that Cushing's disease is a chronic condition often requiring multiple medications and that most other therapies have significant drug interaction potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lillian Ting
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, 1 Health Plaza, Building 315, 04-4230E, East Hanover, NJ, 07936, USA
- Currently at Merck & Co., Rahway, NJ, USA
| | - Nicholas Sauter
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, 1 Health Plaza, Building 315, 04-4230E, East Hanover, NJ, 07936, USA
| | | | - Anadya Prakash Tripathi
- Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd, Hyderabad, India
- Currently at PAREXEL International Pvt. Ltd, Hyderabad, India
| | - Lai Wang
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, 1 Health Plaza, Building 315, 04-4230E, East Hanover, NJ, 07936, USA
| | - Bing Zhu
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, 1 Health Plaza, Building 315, 04-4230E, East Hanover, NJ, 07936, USA
| | - Helen Gu
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, 1 Health Plaza, Building 315, 04-4230E, East Hanover, NJ, 07936, USA
| | - Dung Yu Chun
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, 1 Health Plaza, Building 315, 04-4230E, East Hanover, NJ, 07936, USA
| | - Heidi J Einolf
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, 1 Health Plaza, Building 315, 04-4230E, East Hanover, NJ, 07936, USA
| | - Swarupa Kulkarni
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, 1 Health Plaza, Building 315, 04-4230E, East Hanover, NJ, 07936, USA.
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Cosme A, Montes M, Ibarra B, Tamayo E, Alonso H, Mendarte U, Lizasoan J, Herreros-Villanueva M, Bujanda L. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing before first-line treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with dual or triple antibiotic resistance. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:3367-3373. [PMID: 28566898 PMCID: PMC5434444 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i18.3367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the efficacy of antimicrobial susceptibility-guided therapy before first-line treatment for infection in patients with dual or triple antibiotic resistance.
METHODS A total of 1034 patients infected by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) during 2013-2014 were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. 157 of 1034 (15%) patients showed resistance to two (127/1034; 12%) and to three (30/1034; 3%) antibiotics. Sixty-eight patients with dual H. pylori-resistance (clarithromycin, metronidazole or levofloxacin) were treated for 10 d with triple therapies: OAL (omeprazole 20 mg b.i.d., amoxicillin 1 g b.i.d., and levofloxacin 500 mg b.i.d.) 43 cases, OAM (omeprazole 20 mg b.i.d., amoxicillin 1 g b.i.d., and metronidazole 500 mg b.i.d.) 12 cases and OAC (omeprazole 20 mg b.id., amoxicillin 1 g b.i.d., and clarithromycin 500 mg b.i.d.) 13 cases based on the antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Twelve patients showed triple H. pylori-resistance (clarithromycin, metronidazole and levofloxacin) and received for 10 d triple therapy with OAR (omeprazole 20 mg b.id., amoxicillin 1 g b.i.d., and rifabutin 150 mg b.i.d.). Eradication was confirmed by 13C-urea breath test. Adverse effects and compliance were assessed by a questionnaire.
RESULTS Intention-to-treat eradication rates were: OAL (97.6%), OAM (91.6%), OAC (92.3%) and OAR (58.3%). Cure rate was significantly higher in naïve patients treated with OAR-10 compared to patients who had two or three previous treatment failures (83% vs 33%). Adverse events rates for OAL, OAM, OAC and OAR were 22%, 25%, 23% and 17%, respectively, all of them mild-moderate.
CONCLUSION Antimicrobial susceptibility-guided triple therapies during 10 d for first-line treatment leads to an eradication rate superior to 90% in patients with dual antibiotic H. pylori resistance.
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Zhang JL, Liu M, Yang Q, Lin SY, Shan HB, Wang HY, Xu GL. Effects of omeprazole in improving concurrent chemoradiotherapy efficacy in rectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:2575-2584. [PMID: 28465642 PMCID: PMC5394521 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i14.2575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore the effects of omeprazole on chemoradiotherapy efficacy and tumor recurrence in rectal cancer.
METHODS The medical data of 125 rectal cancer patients who received the same neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) followed by surgery were retrospectively collected. Patients who received omeprazole (OME) orally at a dose of 20 mg at least once daily for six days and/or intravenously at 40 mg a day were recognized as eligible OME users (EOU). Otherwise, patients were regarded as non-eligible OME users (non-EOU). Moreover, a preferred OME dose cut-off of 200 mg on tumor recurrence was obtained by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Patients were divided into two groups: the effective OME group (EOG, OME ≥ 200 mg) and the non-effective OME group (non-EOG, OME < 200 mg).
RESULTS The good response rate of CRT efficacy (50.8%) in EOU was significantly increased compared with non-EOU (30.6%) (P = 0.02). The recurrence rate in the EOG was 10.3%, which was significantly lower compared with 31.3% in non-EOG (P = 0.025). The good response rate of CRT efficacy in EOG was 55.2%, which was obviously higher compared with 36.5% in non-EOG, with a significant difference (P = 0.072). Multivariate Cox analysis demonstrated that OME (non-EOG and EOG) was an independent and significant impact factor for DFS (P = 0.048, HR = 0.30, 95%CI: 0.09-0.99).
CONCLUSION When applied as an adjuvant drug in cancer treatment for relieving common side effects of chemotherapy, omeprazole has a synergetic effect in improving CRT efficacy and decreasing rectal cancer recurrence.
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Tan B, Luo HQ, Xu H, Lv NH, Shi RH, Luo HS, Li JS, Ren JL, Zou YY, Li YQ, Ji F, Fang JY, Qian JM. Polaprezinc combined with clarithromycin-based triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis: A prospective, multicenter, randomized clinical trial. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175625. [PMID: 28407007 PMCID: PMC5391070 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The efficacy and safety of polaprezinc combined with triple therapy was compared with triple therapy alone in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori. A randomized, parallel-group, open-label, controlled, prospective multicenter study was conducted in 11 cities in China. Treatment-naive patients with H. pylori-associated gastritis were randomly assigned to one of three arms for a 14-day treatment: Arm A triple therapy (omeprazole 20 mg, amoxicillin 1 g, and clarithromycin 500 mg, each twice daily) plus polaprezinc 75 mg twice daily; Arm B triple therapy plus polaprezinc 150 mg twice daily, or Arm C triple therapy alone. The rate of H. pylori eradication was the primary endpoint. Secondary endpoints were symptom improvement and lower incidence of adverse events. 303 patients completed the study- 106, 96, and 101 patients in Arms A, B, and C, respectively. Intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis showed that the rate of H. pylori eradication was significantly higher for Arms A (77.0%) and B (75.9%) compared to Arm C (58.6%) (P < 0.01), whereas there was no difference between Arms A and B (P = 0.90). Per-protocol (PP) analysis showed that the rate of H. pylori eradication was significantly higher for Arms A (81.1%) and B (83.3%) compared to Arm C (61.4%) (P < 0.01), whereas there was no significant difference between Arms A and B (P = 0.62). All three groups reported significant symptom improvement at 7, 14, and 28 days after treatment, compared to baseline (P < 0.0001). The adverse event rate for Arm B (5.1%) was higher than for Arms A (2.8%) (P = 0.04) and C (1.9%) (P = 0.02). There were no serious adverse events in any group. It appears that standard dose polaprezinc combined with triple therapy can significantly improve the H. pylori eradication rate, without an increase in toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Han-Qing Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Nong-Hua Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Rui-Hua Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu Province Hospital and First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - He-Sheng Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei General Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian-Sheng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jian-Lin Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yi-You Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan-Qing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Feng Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hanzhou, China
| | - Jing-Yuan Fang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renji Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Ming Qian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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Lane MB, Larson JC, Stokes JE, Tolbert MK. Continuous radiotelemetric monitoring of intragastric pH in a dog with peptic ulceration. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2017; 250:530-533. [PMID: 28207313 DOI: 10.2460/javma.250.5.530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
CASE DESCRIPTION A 6-year-old castrated male Boxer was evaluated for a 5-week history of frequent vomiting, melena, and signs of abdominal pain following accidental ingestion of 5 to ten 15-mg meloxicam tablets (approx ingested dose, 3.1 to 6.2 mg/kg [1.4 to 2.8 mg/lb]). CLINICAL FINDINGS Clinical signs persisted despite 3 weeks of treatment with sucralfate (41.8 mg/kg [19 mg/lb], PO, q 8 h) and omeprazole (0.8 mg/kg [0.36 mg/lb], PO, q 24 h). Results of a CBC and serum biochemical analysis were unremarkable. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed peptic ulceration, and esophagogastroduodenoscopy confirmed the presence of severe proximal duodenal ulceration. TREATMENT AND OUTCOME A radiotelemetric pH-monitoring capsule was placed in the gastric fundus under endoscopic guidance for continuous at-home monitoring of intragastric pH and response to treatment. Treatment was continued with sucralfate (as previously prescribed) and omeprazole at an increased administration frequency (0.8 mg/kg, PO, q 12 h). Intragastric pH was consistently ≥ 3.0 for > 75% of the day during treatment, with the exception of 1 day when a single dose of omeprazole was inadvertently missed. Ulceration and clinical signs completely resolved. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Continuous radiotelemetric monitoring of intragastric pH in the dog of this report was useful for confirming that treatment achieved a predetermined target pH and for demonstrating the impact of missed doses. Duodenal ulceration resolved with twice-daily but not once-daily omeprazole administration. Findings suggested that twice-daily administration of omeprazole may be necessary to achieve this target pH and that a pH ≥ 3.0 for 75% of the day may promote healing of peptic ulcers in dogs.
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Yosprala - a combination of aspirin and omeprazole. Med Lett Drugs Ther 2017; 59:25-6. [PMID: 28118652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
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Chang YC, Hsiao PJ, Wu KL, Hsiao CJ. Proton pump inhibitors, purple gastric juice and peptic ulcer disease. QJM 2017; 110:43. [PMID: 27795292 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcw172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y-C Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - P-J Hsiao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - K-L Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - C-J Hsiao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China.
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Costarelli L, Giacconi R, Malavolta M, Basso A, Piacenza F, Provinciali M, Maggio MG, Corsonello A, Lattanzio F. Different transcriptional profiling between senescent and non-senescent human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) by Omeprazole and Lansoprazole treatment. Biogerontology 2016; 18:217-236. [PMID: 28039570 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-016-9675-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that high dose and/or long term use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) may increase the risk of adverse cardiovascular events in older patients, but mechanisms underlying these detrimental effects are not known. Taking into account that the senescent endothelial cells have been implicated in the genesis or promotion of age-related cardiovascular disease, we hypothesized an active role of PPIs in senescent cells. The aim of this study is to investigate the changes in gene expression occurring in senescent and non-senescent human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) following Omeprazole (OPZ) or Lansoprazole (LPZ) treatment. Here, we show that atherogenic response is among the most regulated processes in PPI-treated HCAECs. PPIs induced down-regulation of anti-atherogenic chemokines (CXCL11, CXCL12 and CX3CL1) in senescent but not in non-senescent cells, while the same chemokines were up-regulated in untreated senescent cells. These findings support the hypothesis that up-regulated anti-atherogenic chemokines may represent a defensive mechanism against atherosclerosis during cellular senescence, and suggest that PPIs could activate pro-atherogenic pathways by changing the secretory phenotype of senescent HCAECs. Moreover, the genes coding for fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) and piezo-type mechanosensitive ion channel component 2 (PIEZO2) were modulated by PPIs treatment with respect to untreated cells. In conclusions, our results show that long-term and high dose use of PPI could change the secretory phenotype of senescent cells, suggesting one of the potential mechanisms by which use of PPI can increase adverse outcomes in older subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Costarelli
- Translational Research Ctr. of Nutrition and Ageing, Scientific and Technological Pole, IRCCS-Italian National Research Center on Aging (INRCA), Via Birarelli 8, 60121, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Robertina Giacconi
- Translational Research Ctr. of Nutrition and Ageing, Scientific and Technological Pole, IRCCS-Italian National Research Center on Aging (INRCA), Via Birarelli 8, 60121, Ancona, Italy
| | - Marco Malavolta
- Translational Research Ctr. of Nutrition and Ageing, Scientific and Technological Pole, IRCCS-Italian National Research Center on Aging (INRCA), Via Birarelli 8, 60121, Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Basso
- Translational Research Ctr. of Nutrition and Ageing, Scientific and Technological Pole, IRCCS-Italian National Research Center on Aging (INRCA), Via Birarelli 8, 60121, Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesco Piacenza
- Translational Research Ctr. of Nutrition and Ageing, Scientific and Technological Pole, IRCCS-Italian National Research Center on Aging (INRCA), Via Birarelli 8, 60121, Ancona, Italy
| | - Mauro Provinciali
- Translational Research Ctr. of Nutrition and Ageing, Scientific and Technological Pole, IRCCS-Italian National Research Center on Aging (INRCA), Via Birarelli 8, 60121, Ancona, Italy
| | - Marcello G Maggio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Geriatric Clinic, University of Parma and University-Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Andrea Corsonello
- Unit of Geriatric Pharmacoepidemiology, Research Hospital of Cosenza, Italian National Research Center on Aging (INRCA), Cosenza, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Lattanzio
- Italian National Research Center on Aging (INRCA), Scientific Direction, Ancona, Italy
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Tuccori M, Giovannoni S, Giustini SE, Blandizzi C, Del Tacca M. Acute Severe Myopathy Following a Single Infusion of Omeprazole. Ann Pharmacother 2016; 40:352-3. [PMID: 16380434 DOI: 10.1345/aph.1g382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Abstract
Objective: To report 2 cases of thrombocytopenia associated with pantoprazole treatment and discuss existing reports on this drug-induced adverse event. Case Summaries: This paper describes the course of thrombocytopenia associated with pantoprazole 40 mg in 2 hospitalized patients. In both cases, thrombocytopenia appeared after the initiation of pantoprazole and rapidly improved after discontinuation of pantoprazole, although complete resolution of thrombocytopenia occurred in only one patient prior to discharge from the hospital. Discussion: The mechanism of drug-induced thrombocytopenia is often poorly understood, and proton-pump inhibitors are generally not strongly suspected as a cause of thrombocytopenia. However, an objective causality assessment using the Naranjo probability scale revealed a probable relationship between thrombocytopenia and pantoprazole in both of the cases. It is unknown whether this is a class effect. Conclusions: Although drug-induced thrombocytopenia with pantoprazole appears to be rare, it represents a potentially severe adverse effect. This supports the judicious prescribing of pantoprazole and possibly other proton-pump inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy D Watson
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA
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Mahmoudi L, Farshad S, Seddigh M, Mahmoudi P, Ejtehadi F, Niknam R. High efficacy of gemifloxacin-containing therapy in Helicobacter Pylori eradication: A pilot empirical second-line rescue therapy. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e4410. [PMID: 27759625 PMCID: PMC5079309 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000004410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) is a common gastric pathogen which is associated with chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer. It has worldwide distribution with higher incidence in developing countries. Gemifloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic with documented in vitro activity against H pylori. Considering that there is no clinical data to verify gemifloxacin efficacy in H pylori eradication, this pilot clinical trial was designed. METHODS This prospective pilot study was performed during February 2014 to February 2015. A regimen of gemifloxacin (320 mg single dose) plus twice daily doses of amoxicillin1g, bismuth 240 mg, and omeprazole 20 mg for 14 days were prescribed for H pylori infected patients in whom a first-line standard quadruple therapy (clarithromycin-amoxicillin-bismuth-omeprazole) had failed. To confirm H pylori eradication a 13C-urea breath test was performed 4 weeks after treatment.Compliance and incidence of adverse effects were evaluated by questionnaires. RESULTS A total of 120 patients were enrolled consecutively; out of which 106 patients achieved H pylori eradication; per-protocol and intention-to-treat eradication rates were 91.4% (95% CI: 85.5-97.6) and 88.3% (95% CI: 75.4-92.4) respectively. Three patients (2.5%) failed to take at least 80% of the drugs and excluded from the final analysis. Adverse effects were reported in 42% of patients, most commonly including nausea (15%) and diarrhea (13.3%), which was intense in 1 patient and led to the discontinuation of treatment. In total, 96.7% (116/120) of the patients took the medications correctly. CONCLUSION This study revealed that gemifloxacin-containing quadruple therapy provides high H pylori eradication rate (≥90% PP cure rate), and this agent can be included in the list of second-line H pylori therapeutic regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laleh Mahmoudi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran and Pharmaceutical Science Research Center (PSRC), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz
| | - Shohreh Farshad
- Professor Alborzi Clinical Microbiology Research Centre, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Seddigh
- Pharmaceutical Science Research Center (PSRC), School of Pharmacy
| | - Paria Mahmoudi
- Pharmaceutical Science Research Center (PSRC), School of Pharmacy
| | - Fardad Ejtehadi
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Correspondence: Ramin Niknam and Fardad Ejtehadi, Gastroenterohepatology Research Center (GEHRC), Research Tower, Namazi Hospital, Zand Avenue, Shiraz City, Fars Province, Iran (e-mails: @sums.ac.ir [RN]; [FE])
| | - Ramin Niknam
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Correspondence: Ramin Niknam and Fardad Ejtehadi, Gastroenterohepatology Research Center (GEHRC), Research Tower, Namazi Hospital, Zand Avenue, Shiraz City, Fars Province, Iran (e-mails: @sums.ac.ir [RN]; [FE])
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Abd-Elsalam S, Kobtan A, El-kalla F, Elkhalawany W, Nawasany SE, Saif SA, Yousef M, Ali LA, Soliman S, Mansour L, Habba E, Soliman H, Rizk F, Shehata MAH. A 2-week Nitazoxanide-based quadruple treatment as a rescue therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication: A single center experience. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e3879. [PMID: 27310977 PMCID: PMC4998463 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000003879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
As there are increasing reports of fluoroquinolone resistance on use as a first- or second-line treatment for Helicobacter pylori (H pylori), we aimed at evaluation of the efficacy and safety of nitazoxanide-based regimen as a rescue regimen in Egyptian patients whose previous traditional treatment for H pylori infection failed.In total, 100 patients from the outpatient clinic of the Tropical medicine department, Tanta University hospital in whom the standard triple therapy (clarithromycin-based triple therapy) failed were enrolled in the study. Nitazoxanide (500 mg bid), levofloxacin (500 mg once daily), omeprazole (40 mg bid), and doxycyclin (100 mg twice daily) were prescribed for 14 days. Eradication was confirmed by stool antigen for H pylori 6 weeks after the end of treatment. Among the patients enrolled in the study, 44% of patients were men and the mean age for the participants in the study was 46.41 ± 8.05, 13% of patients were smokers, and 4% of patients had a previous history of upper gastro-intestinal bleeding. A total of 94 patients (94%) completed the study with excellent compliance. Only 1 patient (1%) discontinued treatment due to intolerable side effects and 5 patients (5%) did not achieve good compliance or were lost during follow up. However, 83 patients had successful eradication of H pylori with total eradication rates 83% (95 % CI 75.7-90.3%) and 88.30% (95 % CI 81.8-94.8%) according to an intention-to-treat and per-protocol analysis, respectively. Adverse events were reported in 21% of patients: abdominal pain (6%), nausea (9%) and constipation (12%), (2%) headache, and (1%) dizziness. A 2-week nitazoxanide-based regimen is an effective and safe rescue therapy in Egyptian patients whose previous standard triple therapy has failed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherief Abd-Elsalam
- Tropical Medicine & Infectious Diseases department, Tanta University Faculty of Medicine, Tanta, Egypt,
| | - Abdelrahman Kobtan
- Tropical Medicine & Infectious Diseases department, Tanta University Faculty of Medicine, Tanta, Egypt,
| | - Ferial El-kalla
- Tropical Medicine & Infectious Diseases department, Tanta University Faculty of Medicine, Tanta, Egypt,
| | - Walaa Elkhalawany
- Tropical Medicine & Infectious Diseases department, Tanta University Faculty of Medicine, Tanta, Egypt,
| | - Sally El Nawasany
- Tropical Medicine & Infectious Diseases department, Tanta University Faculty of Medicine, Tanta, Egypt,
| | - Sabry Abou Saif
- Tropical Medicine & Infectious Diseases department, Tanta University Faculty of Medicine, Tanta, Egypt,
| | - Mohamed Yousef
- Tropical Medicine & Infectious Diseases department, Tanta University Faculty of Medicine, Tanta, Egypt,
| | - Lobna Abo Ali
- Tropical Medicine & Infectious Diseases department, Tanta University Faculty of Medicine, Tanta, Egypt,
| | - Samah Soliman
- Tropical Medicine & Infectious Diseases department, Tanta University Faculty of Medicine, Tanta, Egypt,
| | - Loai Mansour
- Tropical Medicine & Infectious Diseases department, Tanta University Faculty of Medicine, Tanta, Egypt,
| | - Eslam Habba
- Tropical Medicine & Infectious Diseases department, Tanta University Faculty of Medicine, Tanta, Egypt,
| | - Hanan Soliman
- Tropical Medicine & Infectious Diseases department, Tanta University Faculty of Medicine, Tanta, Egypt,
| | - Fatma Rizk
- Physiology department, Tanta University Faculty of Medicine, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mona AH Shehata
- Tropical Medicine & Infectious Diseases department, Tanta University Faculty of Medicine, Tanta, Egypt,
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Dranitsina AS, Dvorshchenko KO, Morgaienko OO, Ostapchenko LL. [Not Available]. Tsitol Genet 2016; 50:57-65. [PMID: 30480410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Expression of Tlr2, Muc2, Defa genes in rat duodenal upon long-term gastric hypacidity (hypochlorhydria) and with multiprobiotic correction was investigated. Increasing of Tlr2, Muc2, Defa expression on the background of the intensification of lipid peroxidation in rat duodenal villus and crypt epithelial cells upon gastric hypoacidity was shown. The mRNAs patterns of genes mentioned above were shown to decrease or approach to control values as well as the level of lipid peroxidation products under the treatment of hypoacidic rats with the multiprobiotic. The data obtained may indicate involvement of genes Tlr2, Muc2, Defa in development of inflammation in the duodenum due to dysbiotic changes under conditions of prolonged hypochlorhydria.
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Nazir S, Iqbal Z, Ahmad L, Ahmad S. Variation in pharmacokinetics of omeprazole and its metabolites by gender and CYP2C19 genotype in Pakistani male and female subjects. Pak J Pharm Sci 2016; 29:887-894. [PMID: 27166533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Pharmacokinetics (PK) variation of drugs in males and females may affect therapeutic effectiveness and safety. In current study the PK differences for omeprazole and its metabolites5-hydroxy-omeprazole and omeprazole-sulphone were evaluated in males and females. The current study also considered PK comparison of Pakistani subjects using the CYP2C19 genotype as variable. A single oral dose (40mg omeprazole), open-labeland, non-controlled clinical trial was arranged. Samples were quantified using reversed phase HPLC-UV method. CYP2C19 genotype of subjects was determined by tetra primer polymerization chain reaction (PCR) assay. There was a significant increase in Cmax (from 2 to 2.9μg/ml, p=0.004**), (from 6.67 to 8.74μg-hr/ml, p=0.05*) and elimination half-life (from 1.05 to 2.1 hr, p=0.0001*) of omeprazole in females compared with males. Cmax and of 5-hydroxy-omeprazole (0.0248* and 0.0001***, respectively) and omeprazole-sulphone (0.0001*** and 0.001**, respectively) was significantly higher in females than males when compared at 95% confidence interval. The Cmax and AUC of omeprazole showed a significant raise (p=0.01* and 0.04*, respectively) in Homz PMs (Homozygous Poor Metabolizers) compared with Homz EMs (Homozygous Extensive Metabolizers) and Htrz PMs (Heterozygous Poor Metabolizers) while Cmax and AUC of 5-hydroxy-omeprazolewas significantly higher (p=0.01* and 0.04*, respectively) in Homz EMs compared with Homz PMs and HtrzPMs. AUC of omeprazole was significantly higher in females while its elimination also took longer compared with males. AUC of omeprazole was significantly higher in Homz PMs indicating that CYP2C19* displayed genetically deficient metabolism in its homozygous state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Nazir
- Kohat University of Science and Technology, Department of Pharmacy, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Zafar Iqbal
- University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Department of Pharmacy, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Lateef Ahmad
- University of Swabi, Department of Pharmacy, Swabi, Pakistan
| | - Sagheer Ahmad
- Kohat University of Science and Technology, Department of Pharmacy, Kohat, Pakistan
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Kruszelnicka O, Świerszcz J, Bednarek J, Chyrchel B, Surdacki A, Nessler J. Asymmetric Dimethylarginine versus Proton Pump Inhibitors Usage in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:454. [PMID: 27092494 PMCID: PMC4848910 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17040454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A recent experimental study suggested that proton pump inhibitors (PPI), widely used to prevent gastroduodenal complications of dual antiplatelet therapy, may increase the accumulation of the endogenous nitric oxide synthesis antagonist asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an adverse outcome predictor. Our aim was to assess the effect of PPI usage on circulating ADMA in coronary artery disease (CAD). Plasma ADMA levels were compared according to PPI use for ≥1 month prior to admission in 128 previously described non-diabetic men with stable CAD who were free of heart failure or other coexistent diseases. Patients on PPI tended to be older and with insignificantly lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR). PPI use was not associated with any effect on plasma ADMA (0.51 ± 0.11 (SD) vs. 0.50 ± 0.10 µmol/L for those with PPI (n = 53) and without PPI (n = 75), respectively; p = 0.7). Additionally, plasma ADMA did not differ between PPI users and non-users stratified by a history of current smoking, CAD severity or extent. The adjustment for patients’ age and GFR did not substantially change the results. Thus, PPI usage does not appear to affect circulating ADMA in non-diabetic men with stable CAD. Whether novel mechanisms of adverse PPI effects on the vasculature can be translated into clinical conditions, requires further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Kruszelnicka
- Department of Coronary Artery Disease and Heart Failure, Jagiellonian University Medical College and John Paul II Hospital, 80 Prądnicka, 31-202 Cracow, Poland.
| | - Jolanta Świerszcz
- Second Department of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College and University Hospital, 17 Kopernika, 31-501 Cracow, Poland.
| | - Jacek Bednarek
- Department of Electrocardiology, John Paul II Hospital, 80 Prądnicka, 31-202 Cracow, Poland.
| | - Bernadeta Chyrchel
- Second Department of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College and University Hospital, 17 Kopernika, 31-501 Cracow, Poland.
| | - Andrzej Surdacki
- Second Department of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College and University Hospital, 17 Kopernika, 31-501 Cracow, Poland.
| | - Jadwiga Nessler
- Department of Coronary Artery Disease and Heart Failure, Jagiellonian University Medical College and John Paul II Hospital, 80 Prądnicka, 31-202 Cracow, Poland.
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