1
|
Peltola M, Kaukinen K, Basnyat P, Raitanen J, Haimila K, Liimatainen S, Rainesalo S, Peltola J. Hippocampal sclerosis is associated with celiac disease type immunity in patients with drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy. J Neurol 2024; 271:2596-2604. [PMID: 38337123 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-024-12210-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A prior small-scale single center study suggested an association between celiac disease (CD)-type immunity and refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) with hippocampal sclerosis (HS). The present study addresses this putative association in a large, well-characterized group of drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) patients. These patients were grouped based on the spectrum of CD and gluten sensitivity-associated antibodies. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 253 consecutive adult epilepsy patients (135 females, 118 males; age 16-76 years) were categorized into three groups: (i) CD-positive group with either prior diagnosis of CD or CD-specific TG2/EmA antibodies, (ii) AGA-positive group with antigliadin antibodies (AGA) but without CD, and (iii) CD/AGA-negative group without any gluten sensitivity-associated antibodies or CD. Clinical and immunological findings were then compared among the groups. RESULTS TLE with HS was more common in the CD-positive group compared to CD/AGA-negative group (31.8% versus 11.9%, P = 0.019). Autoimmune disorders were more common in the AGA-positive group than in the CD/AGA-negative group (P = 0.025). Considering HS lateralization; left lateralization was more common in CD-positive group compared to CD/AGA-negative group (71.4% versus 25%, P = 0.030). TG6 seropositivity did not differ among the groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study provides further evidence linking TLE with HS and CD-type autoimmunity suggesting that CD-type immune response to gluten can be one potential mechanism as a disease modifier leading to DRE and HS. Understanding these immunological factors is imperative for developing immunomodulatory or dietary treatments for DRE potentially preventing HS progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Peltola
- Department of Psychiatry, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
- Vanha Vaasa Hospital, Vierinkiventie 1, 65380, Vaasa, Finland.
| | - Katri Kaukinen
- Coeliac Disease Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Pabitra Basnyat
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jani Raitanen
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Health Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
| | - Katri Haimila
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, Vantaa, Finland
| | - Suvi Liimatainen
- Department of Neurology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Administration Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Pirkanmaa Wellbeing County, Tampere, Finland
| | - Sirpa Rainesalo
- Division of Acute Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jukka Peltola
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Neurology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lindeman I, Høydahl LS, Christophersen A, Risnes LF, Jahnsen J, Lundin KEA, Sollid LM, Iversen R. Generation of circulating autoreactive pre-plasma cells fueled by naive B cells in celiac disease. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114045. [PMID: 38578826 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Autoantibodies against the enzyme transglutaminase 2 (TG2) are characteristic of celiac disease (CeD), and TG2-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) A plasma cells are abundant in gut biopsies of patients. Here, we describe the corresponding population of autoreactive B cells in blood. Circulating TG2-specific IgA cells are present in untreated patients on a gluten-containing diet but not in controls. They are clonally related to TG2-specific small intestinal plasma cells, and they express gut-homing molecules, indicating that they are plasma cell precursors. Unlike other IgA-switched cells, the TG2-specific cells are negative for CD27, placing them in the double-negative (IgD-CD27-) category. They have a plasmablast or activated memory B cell phenotype, and they harbor fewer variable region mutations than other IgA cells. Based on their similarity to naive B cells, we propose that autoreactive IgA cells in CeD are generated mainly through chronic recruitment of naive B cells via an extrafollicular response involving gluten-specific CD4+ T cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ida Lindeman
- Norwegian Coeliac Disease Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lene S Høydahl
- Norwegian Coeliac Disease Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Asbjørn Christophersen
- Norwegian Coeliac Disease Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Louise F Risnes
- Norwegian Coeliac Disease Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jørgen Jahnsen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Knut E A Lundin
- Norwegian Coeliac Disease Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Gastroenterology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ludvig M Sollid
- Norwegian Coeliac Disease Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rasmus Iversen
- Norwegian Coeliac Disease Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Navals P, Rangaswamy AMM, Kasyanchyk P, Berezovski MV, Keillor JW. Conformational Modulation of Tissue Transglutaminase via Active Site Thiol Alkylating Agents: Size Does Not Matter. Biomolecules 2024; 14:496. [PMID: 38672511 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
TG2 is a unique member of the transglutaminase family as it undergoes a dramatic conformational change, allowing its mutually exclusive function as either a cross-linking enzyme or a G-protein. The enzyme's dysregulated activity has been implicated in a variety of pathologies (e.g., celiac disease, fibrosis, cancer), leading to the development of a wide range of inhibitors. Our group has primarily focused on the development of peptidomimetic targeted covalent inhibitors, the nature and size of which were thought to be important features to abolish TG2's conformational dynamism and ultimately inhibit both its activities. However, we recently demonstrated that the enzyme was unable to bind guanosine triphosphate (GTP) when catalytically inactivated by small molecule inhibitors. In this study, we designed a library of models targeting covalent inhibitors of progressively smaller sizes (15 to 4 atoms in length). We evaluated their ability to inactivate TG2 by measuring their respective kinetic parameters kinact and KI. Their impact on the enzyme's ability to bind GTP was then evaluated and subsequently correlated to the conformational state of the enzyme, as determined via native PAGE and capillary electrophoresis. All irreversible inhibitors evaluated herein locked TG2 in its open conformation and precluded GTP binding. Therefore, we conclude that steric bulk and structural complexity are not necessary factors to consider when designing TG2 inhibitors to abolish G-protein activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Navals
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Alana M M Rangaswamy
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Petr Kasyanchyk
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Maxim V Berezovski
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Jeffrey W Keillor
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chokkalla AK, Parham MM, Fishman DS, Devaraj S. Path Towards Biopsy-Free Diagnosis of Celiac Disease in Pediatric Patients. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 557:117891. [PMID: 38555049 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.117891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laboratory testing for celiac disease in pediatric patients integrates serology, genetic susceptibility and duodenal biopsy examination. The 2023 American College of Gastroenterology guidelines recommend a biopsy-free approach in pediatric patients utilizing tissue transglutaminase antibody titers >10 times upper limit of normal and subsequent endomysial antibody seropositivity as sufficient for diagnosis. The objective of this study is to assess the diagnostic accuracy of biopsy-free approach at our pediatric hospital. METHODS We conducted a retrospective study involving pediatric patients who underwent biopsy for diagnostic confirmation of celiac disease between May 2019 and May 2023. For these patients, the tissue transglutaminase and endomysial antibody test results were retrieved and performance of biopsy-free approach was assessed using the duodenal histology as the gold standard for celiac disease diagnosis. RESULTS Tissue transglutaminase antibody titers >10 times upper limit of normal alone demonstrated a positive predictive value of 99% for identifying celiac disease in children. Although endomysial antibody testing is underutilized at our center, its inclusion further improved the predictability to 100 %. CONCLUSION Positive predictive value of tissue transglutaminase antibody titers >10 times upper limit of normal is sufficiently high for celiac disease diagnosis in children and may allow for deferral of duodenal biopsy at diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anil K Chokkalla
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Margaret M Parham
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Douglas S Fishman
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sridevi Devaraj
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Buccarelli M, Castellani G, Fiorentino V, Pizzimenti C, Beninati S, Ricci-Vitiani L, Scattoni ML, Mischiati C, Facchiano F, Tabolacci C. Biological Implications and Functional Significance of Transglutaminase Type 2 in Nervous System Tumors. Cells 2024; 13:667. [PMID: 38667282 PMCID: PMC11048792 DOI: 10.3390/cells13080667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Transglutaminase type 2 (TG2) is the most ubiquitously expressed member of the transglutaminase family. TG2 catalyzes the transamidation reaction leading to several protein post-translational modifications and it is also implicated in signal transduction thanks to its GTP binding/hydrolyzing activity. In the nervous system, TG2 regulates multiple physiological processes, such as development, neuronal cell death and differentiation, and synaptic plasticity. Given its different enzymatic activities, aberrant expression or activity of TG2 can contribute to tumorigenesis, including in peripheral and central nervous system tumors. Indeed, TG2 dysregulation has been reported in meningiomas, medulloblastomas, neuroblastomas, glioblastomas, and other adult-type diffuse gliomas. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the biological and functional relevance of TG2 in the pathogenesis of nervous system tumors, highlighting its involvement in survival, tumor inflammation, differentiation, and in the resistance to standard therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariachiara Buccarelli
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.B.); (G.C.); (L.R.-V.); (F.F.)
| | - Giorgia Castellani
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.B.); (G.C.); (L.R.-V.); (F.F.)
| | - Vincenzo Fiorentino
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Cristina Pizzimenti
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Simone Beninati
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Lucia Ricci-Vitiani
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.B.); (G.C.); (L.R.-V.); (F.F.)
| | - Maria Luisa Scattoni
- Research Coordination and Support Service, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Carlo Mischiati
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Francesco Facchiano
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.B.); (G.C.); (L.R.-V.); (F.F.)
| | - Claudio Tabolacci
- Research Coordination and Support Service, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Penumatsa KC, Sharma Y, Warburton RR, Singhal A, Toksoz D, Bhedi CD, Qi G, Preston IR, Anderlind C, Hill NS, Fanburg BL. Lung-specific interleukin 6 mediated transglutaminase 2 activation and cardiopulmonary fibrogenesis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1371706. [PMID: 38650935 PMCID: PMC11033445 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1371706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) pathogenesis is driven by inflammatory and metabolic derangements as well as glycolytic reprogramming. Induction of both interleukin 6 (IL6) and transglutaminase 2 (TG2) expression participates in human and experimental cardiovascular diseases. However, little is known about the role of TG2 in these pathologic processes. The current study aimed to investigate the molecular interactions between TG2 and IL6 in mediation of tissue remodeling in PH. A lung-specific IL6 over-expressing transgenic mouse strain showed elevated right ventricular (RV) systolic pressure as well as increased wet and dry tissue weights and tissue fibrosis in both lungs and RVs compared to age-matched wild-type littermates. In addition, IL6 over-expression induced the glycolytic and fibrogenic markers, hypoxia-inducible factor 1α, pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), and TG2. Consistent with these findings, IL6 induced the expression of both glycolytic and pro-fibrogenic markers in cultured lung fibroblasts. IL6 also induced TG2 activation and the accumulation of TG2 in the extracellular matrix. Pharmacologic inhibition of the glycolytic enzyme, PKM2 significantly attenuated IL6-induced TG2 activity and fibrogenesis. Thus, we conclude that IL6-induced TG2 activity and cardiopulmonary remodeling associated with tissue fibrosis are under regulatory control of the glycolytic enzyme, PKM2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krishna C. Penumatsa
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Division, Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Katunin E, Aitokari L, Kivelä L, Ilus T, Huhtala H, Kaukinen K, Kurppa K. Measured levels of positive transglutaminase 2 antibodies are not associated with presentation or incidental endoscopic findings at celiac disease diagnosis. Scand J Gastroenterol 2024; 59:419-424. [PMID: 38164975 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2023.2298709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES It has been suggested that celiac disease could be diagnosed non-invasively in adults with transglutaminase antibody (TGA) levels >10x upper limit of normal (ULN). It is, however, unclear if high values signify more advanced disease and higher risk of co-morbidities. We investigated the association between the TGA levels, clinical characteristics and non-celiac endoscopic findings. METHODS Medical data on 450 celiac disease patients at diagnosis were collected. They were further divided into those with high positive (>10x ULN, n = 164), moderately positive (1-10x ULN, n = 219), and negative (n = 67) TGA. RESULTS Median age of patients was 50 years and 60% were women. Patients with negative TGA were older (median age 58 vs. 51 vs. 46 years respectively, p = 0.002) and had more often weight loss (27% vs. 10% vs. 9%, p < 0.001) and abdominal pain or dyspepsia (40% vs 27% vs. 22%, p = 0.017) than did those with moderately positive/high TGA. The groups did not differ in sex, BMI, or other symptoms. Major endoscopic findings included one esophageal adenocarcinoma presenting with dysphagia, six esophagitis, three gastric ulcers, and 39 H. Pylori or other active gastritis. High, moderately positive or negative TGA levels were not associated with these findings in crude or age-adjusted analyses. CONCLUSIONS Presentation was similar in patients with moderate or high levels of TGA, whereas patients with negative TGA were different. The level of TGA was not associated with incidental endoscopic findings and the only malignancy presented with an alarm symptom atypical to celiac disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eneli Katunin
- Celiac Disease Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kanta-Häme Central Hospital, Hämeenlinna, Finland
| | - Linnea Aitokari
- Celiac Disease Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Tampere Center for Child, Adolescent, and Maternal Health Research, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Laura Kivelä
- Celiac Disease Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Tampere Center for Child, Adolescent, and Maternal Health Research, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Children's Hospital, and Pediatric Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Pediatric Research Institute, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Tuire Ilus
- Celiac Disease Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Gastroenterology and Alimentary Tract Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Heini Huhtala
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Katri Kaukinen
- Celiac Disease Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kalle Kurppa
- Celiac Disease Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Tampere Center for Child, Adolescent, and Maternal Health Research, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- The University Consortium of Seinäjoki, Seinäjoki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shiha MG, Nandi N, Raju SA, Wild G, Cross SS, Singh P, Elli L, Makharia GK, Sanders DS, Penny HA. Accuracy of the No-Biopsy Approach for the Diagnosis of Celiac Disease in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Gastroenterology 2024; 166:620-630. [PMID: 38176661 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2023.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Current international guidelines recommend duodenal biopsies to confirm the diagnosis of celiac disease in adult patients. However, growing evidence suggests that immunoglobulin A (IgA) anti-tissue transglutaminase (tTg) antibody levels ≥10 times the upper limit of normal (ULN) can accurately predict celiac disease, eliminating the need for biopsy. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the accuracy of the no-biopsy approach to confirm the diagnosis of celiac disease in adults. METHODS We systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science from January 1998 to October 2023 for studies reporting the sensitivity and specificity of IgA-tTG ≥10×ULN against duodenal biopsies (Marsh grade ≥2) in adults with suspected celiac disease. We used a bivariate random effects model to calculate the summary estimates of sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative likelihood ratios. The positive and negative likelihood ratios were used to calculate the positive predictive value of the no-biopsy approach across different pretest probabilities of celiac disease. The methodological quality of the included studies was evaluated using the QUADAS-2 tool. This study was registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42023398812. RESULTS A total of 18 studies comprising 12,103 participants from 15 countries were included. The pooled prevalence of biopsy-proven celiac disease in the included studies was 62% (95% confidence interval [CI], 40%-83%). The proportion of patients with IgA-tTG ≥10×ULN was 32% (95% CI, 24%-40%). The summary sensitivity of IgA-tTG ≥10×ULN was 51% (95% CI, 42%-60%), and the summary specificity was 100% (95% CI, 98%-100%). The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.83 (95% CI, 0.77 - 0.89). The positive predictive value of the no-biopsy approach to identify patients with celiac disease was 65%, 88%, 95%, and 99% if celiac disease prevalence was 1%, 4%, 10%, and 40%, respectively. Between-study heterogeneity was moderate (I2 =30.3%), and additional sensitivity analyses did not significantly alter our findings. Only 1 study had a low risk of bias across all domains. CONCLUSION The results of this meta-analysis suggest that selected adult patients with IgA-tTG ≥10×ULN and a moderate to high pretest probability of celiac disease could be diagnosed without undergoing invasive endoscopy and duodenal biopsy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed G Shiha
- Academic Unit of Gastroenterology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
| | - Nicoletta Nandi
- Academic Unit of Gastroenterology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Center for Prevention and Diagnosis of Celiac Disease, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Suneil A Raju
- Academic Unit of Gastroenterology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Graeme Wild
- Department of Immunology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Simon S Cross
- Department of Histopathology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Prashant Singh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Luca Elli
- Center for Prevention and Diagnosis of Celiac Disease, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Govind K Makharia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - David S Sanders
- Academic Unit of Gastroenterology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Hugo A Penny
- Academic Unit of Gastroenterology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mulder AHL, Castelijn DAR, van der Pol P, Vermeer M, Hollander JC, Kuiper T, Bijnens C, Bontkes HJ, Damoiseaux J. Monitoring patients with celiac disease on gluten free diet: different outcomes comparing three tissue transglutaminase IgA assays. Clin Chem Lab Med 2024; 62:674-681. [PMID: 37943101 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2023-1076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tissue transglutaminase (tTG) IgA antibodies are a hallmark for celiac disease (CD). In CD patients on gluten free diet (GFD) these antibodies are transient. Few studies are available comparing the tTG-IgA assay characteristics for monitoring response to GFD. Since discrepant results were reported in patients on GFD after switching tTG-IgA assays, we conducted a retrospective observational study to monitor GFD response using three different tTG-IgA assays. METHODS Diagnostic samples from 44 adults and 17 children with CD were included. Of most patients two follow-up samples after introduction of GFD were available. In all samples tTG-IgA were assessed using one fluorochrome-enzyme immuno-assay (FEIA) and two chemiluminescence immuno-assays (CLIA) and intestinal fatty acid binding protein (i-FABP) as surrogate marker for intestinal epithelial damage was measured. RESULTS Using CLIA assays, normalization of antibody levels was delayed compared to FEIA (p<0.001). Of all samples taken after at least 6 months on GFD with elevated i-FABP indicating intestinal epithelial damage, 40 % had positive tTG-IgA according to the FEIA, 85 and 90 % according to the two CLIA. CONCLUSIONS Normalization of tTG-IgA in patients on GFD depends on the assay used. Both CLIA appear to be more sensitive in detecting suboptimal treatment response in CD-indicated by elevated i-FABP - when applying the manufacturer's recommended cut-off for the diagnosis of CD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A H Leontine Mulder
- Clinical Laboratory, Unilabs, Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Ziekenhuis Groep Twente, Almelo, The Netherlands
| | - Daan A R Castelijn
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Medical Immunology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter van der Pol
- Medical Laboratories, Department of Immunology, Reinier Haga MDC, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Marloes Vermeer
- Medical School, Ziekenhuis Groep Twente, Almelo, The Netherlands
| | - Jolien C Hollander
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Medical Immunology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tietie Kuiper
- Clinical Laboratory, Unilabs, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Bijnens
- Central Diagnostic Laboratory, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Hetty J Bontkes
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Medical Immunology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Damoiseaux
- Central Diagnostic Laboratory, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ha KS. Transglutaminase 2 in diabetes mellitus: Unraveling its multifaceted role and therapeutic implications for vascular complications. Theranostics 2024; 14:2329-2344. [PMID: 38646650 PMCID: PMC11024853 DOI: 10.7150/thno.95742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes, a severe metabolic disease characterized by chronic hypoglycemia, poses debilitating and life-threatening risks of microvascular and macrovascular complications, including blindness, kidney failure, heart attacks, and limb amputation. Addressing these complications is paramount, urging the development of interventions targeting diabetes-associated vascular dysfunctions. To effectively combat diabetes, a comprehensive understanding of the pathological mechanisms underlying complications and identification of precise therapeutic targets are imperative. Transglutaminase 2 (TGase2) is a multifunctional enzyme implicated in the pathogenesis of diverse diseases such as neurodegenerative disorders, fibrosis, and inflammatory conditions. TGase2 has recently emerged as a key player in both the pathogenesis and therapeutic intervention of diabetic complications. This review highlights TGase2 as a therapeutic target for diabetic complications and explores TGase2 inhibition as a promising therapeutic approach in their treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kwon-Soo Ha
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Kangwon-do 24341, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Supianto M, Yoo DK, Hwang H, Oh HB, Jhung SH, Lee HJ. Linker-Preserved Iron Metal-Organic Framework-Based Lateral Flow Assay for Sensitive Transglutaminase 2 Detection in Urine Through Machine Learning-Assisted Colorimetric Analysis. ACS Sens 2024; 9:1321-1330. [PMID: 38471126 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c02250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
A groundbreaking demonstration of the utilization of the metal-organic framework MIL-101(Fe) as an exceptionally perceptive visual label in colorimetric lateral flow assays (LFA) is described. This pioneering approach enables the precise identification of transglutaminase 2 (TGM2), a recognized biomarker for chronic kidney disease (CKD), in urine specimens, which offers a remarkably sensitive naked-eye detection mechanism. The surface of MIL-101(Fe) was modified with oxalyl chloride, adipoyl chloride, and poly(acrylic) acid (PAA); these not only improved the labeling material stability in a complex matrix but also achieved a systematic control in the detection limit of the TGM2 concentration using our LFA platform. The advanced LFA with the MIL-101(Fe)-PAA label can detect TGM2 concentrations down to 0.012, 0.009, and 0.010 nM in Tris-HCl buffer, urine, and desalted urine, respectively, which are approximately 55-fold lower than those for a conventional AuNP-based LFAs. Aside from rapid TGM2 detection (i.e., within 20 min), the performance of the MIL-101(Fe)-PAA-based LFA on reproducibility [coefficients of variation (CV) < 2.9%] and recovery (95.9-103.2%) along with storage stability within 25 days of observation (CV < 6.0%) shows an acceptable parameter range for quantitative analysis. A sophisticated sensing method grounded in machine learning principles was also developed, specifically aimed at precisely deducing the TGM2 concentration by analyzing immunoreaction sites. More importantly, our developed LFA offers potential for clinical measurement of TGM2 concentration in normal human urine and CKD patients' samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mulya Supianto
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Buk-gu, Daegu-city 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Kyu Yoo
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Buk-gu, Daegu-city 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hagyeong Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Bin Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hwa Jhung
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Buk-gu, Daegu-city 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Buk-gu, Daegu-city 41566, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pachisia AV, Kumari A, Mehta S, Ahmed A, Chauhan A, Agarwal A, Dwarkanathan V, Rajpoot S, Prasad S, Kumar S, Sinha SK, Sharma D, Rajput M, Das P, Falodia S, Kochhar R, Ramakrishna BS, Ahuja V, Makharia G. Validation of no-biopsy pathway for the diagnosis of celiac disease in Asian adults: a multicenter retrospective study. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 39:489-495. [PMID: 38095156 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM While European Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition advocates a no-biopsy pathway for the diagnosis of celiac disease (CeD) in children if IgA anti-tissue transglutaminase antibody (anti-tTG ab) titer is ≥10-fold upper limit of normal (ULN) and have a positive IgA anti-endomysial antibody (EMA); the data for anti-tTG Ab titer-based diagnosis of CeD in adults is still emerging. We planned to validate if IgA anti-tTG Ab titer ≥10-fold predicts villous abnormalities of modified Marsh grade ≥2 in Asian adult patients with CeD. METHODS We recruited 937 adult patients with positive anti-tTG Ab from two databases, including AIIMS Celiac Clinic and Indian National Biorepository. The diagnosis of definite CeD was made on the basis of a positive anti-tTG Ab and the presence of villous abnormalities of modified Marsh grade ≥2. RESULTS Of 937 adult patients with positive anti-tTG Ab, 889 (91.2%) showed villous abnormalities of modified Marsh grade ≥2. Only 47.6% of 889 adults with CeD had anti- tTG Ab titers of ≥10-fold. The positive predictive value (PPV) and specificity of anti tTG Ab titer ≥10-fold for predicting modified Marsh grade ≥2 were 99.8% and 98%, respectively. At anti-tTG Ab titer ≥11-fold, specificity and PPV were 100% for predicting villous abnormalities of modified Marsh grade ≥2. CONCLUSIONS Approximately 50% of adults with CeD may benefit from the no biopsy pathway, reducing the health burden and risks of gastroscopy/anesthesia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Vikram Pachisia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Alka Kumari
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shubham Mehta
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anam Ahmed
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashish Chauhan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ankit Agarwal
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vignesh Dwarkanathan
- Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sachin Rajpoot
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shubham Prasad
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Department of Gastroenterology, Post graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Saroj Kant Sinha
- Department of Gastroenterology, Post graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Divya Sharma
- Department of Medicine, Sardar Patel Medical College, Bikaner
| | - Mahender Rajput
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Prasenjit Das
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sushil Falodia
- Department of Medicine, Sardar Patel Medical College, Bikaner
| | - Rakesh Kochhar
- Department of Gastroenterology, Post graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - B S Ramakrishna
- Department of Gastroenterology, SRM Institute of Medical Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Vineet Ahuja
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Govind Makharia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu J, Mouradian MM. Pathogenetic Contributions and Therapeutic Implications of Transglutaminase 2 in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2364. [PMID: 38397040 PMCID: PMC10888553 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases encompass a heterogeneous group of disorders that afflict millions of people worldwide. Characteristic protein aggregates are histopathological hallmark features of these disorders, including Amyloid β (Aβ)-containing plaques and tau-containing neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer's disease, α-Synuclein (α-Syn)-containing Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites in Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies, and mutant huntingtin (mHTT) in nuclear inclusions in Huntington's disease. These various aggregates are found in specific brain regions that are impacted by neurodegeneration and associated with clinical manifestations. Transglutaminase (TG2) (also known as tissue transglutaminase) is the most ubiquitously expressed member of the transglutaminase family with protein crosslinking activity. To date, Aβ, tau, α-Syn, and mHTT have been determined to be substrates of TG2, leading to their aggregation and implicating the involvement of TG2 in several pathophysiological events in neurodegenerative disorders. In this review, we summarize the biochemistry and physiologic functions of TG2 and describe recent advances in the pathogenetic role of TG2 in these diseases. We also review TG2 inhibitors tested in clinical trials and discuss recent TG2-targeting approaches, which offer new perspectives for the design of future highly potent and selective drugs with improved brain delivery as a disease-modifying treatment for neurodegenerative disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - M. Maral Mouradian
- RWJMS Institute for Neurological Therapeutics and Department of Neurology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yao Z, Fan Y, Lin L, Kellems RE, Xia Y. Tissue transglutaminase: a multifunctional and multisite regulator in health and disease. Physiol Rev 2024; 104:281-325. [PMID: 37712623 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00003.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue transglutaminase (TG2) is a widely distributed multifunctional protein involved in a broad range of cellular and metabolic functions carried out in a variety of cellular compartments. In addition to transamidation, TG2 also functions as a Gα signaling protein, a protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), a protein kinase, and a scaffolding protein. In the nucleus, TG2 modifies histones and transcription factors. The PDI function catalyzes the trimerization and activation of heat shock factor-1 in the nucleus and regulates the oxidation state of several mitochondrial complexes. Cytosolic TG2 modifies proteins by the addition of serotonin or other primary amines and in this way affects cell signaling. Modification of protein-bound glutamines reduces ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation. At the cell membrane, TG2 is associated with G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), where it functions in transmembrane signaling. TG2 is also found in the extracellular space, where it functions in protein cross-linking and extracellular matrix stabilization. Of particular importance in transglutaminase research are recent findings concerning the role of TG2 in gene expression, protein homeostasis, cell signaling, autoimmunity, inflammation, and hypoxia. Thus, TG2 performs a multitude of functions in multiple cellular compartments, making it one of the most versatile cellular proteins. Additional evidence links TG2 with multiple human diseases including preeclampsia, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, organ fibrosis, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and celiac disease. In conclusion, TG2 provides a multifunctional and multisite response to physiological stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhouzhou Yao
- National Medical Metabolomics International Collaborative Research Center, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhua Fan
- National Medical Metabolomics International Collaborative Research Center, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lizhen Lin
- National Medical Metabolomics International Collaborative Research Center, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Rodney E Kellems
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Yang Xia
- National Medical Metabolomics International Collaborative Research Center, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Selcuk K, Leitner A, Braun L, Le Blanc F, Pacak P, Pot S, Vogel V. Transglutaminase 2 has higher affinity for relaxed than for stretched fibronectin fibers. Matrix Biol 2024; 125:113-132. [PMID: 38135164 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) plays a vital role in stabilizing extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins through enzymatic crosslinking during tissue growth, repair, and inflammation. TG2 also binds non-covalently to fibronectin (FN), an essential component of the ECM, facilitating cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, and survival. However, the interaction between TG2 and fibrillar FN remains poorly understood, as most studies have focused on soluble or surface-adsorbed FN or FN fragments, which differ in their conformations from insoluble FN fibers. Using a well-established in vitro FN fiber stretch assay, we discovered that the binding of a crosslinking enzyme to ECM fibers is mechano-regulated. TG2 binding to FN is tuned by the mechanical tension of FN fibers, whereby TG2 predominantly co-localizes to low-tension FN fibers, while fiber stretching reduces their affinity for TG2. This mechano-regulated binding relies on the proximity between the N-terminal β-sandwich and C-terminal β-barrels of TG2. Crosslinking mass spectrometry (XL-MS) revealed a novel TG2-FN synergy site within TG2's C-terminal β-barrels that interacts with FN regions located outside of the canonical gelatin binding domain, specifically FNI2 and FNIII14-15. Combining XL-MS distance restraints with molecular docking revealed the mechano-regulated binding mechanism between TG2 and modules FNI7-9 by which mechanical forces regulate TG2-FN interactions. This highlights a previously unrecognized role of TG2 as a tension sensor for FN fibers. This novel interaction mechanism has significant implications in physiology and mechanobiology, including how forces regulate cell adhesion, spreading, migration, phenotype modulation, depending on the tensional state of ECM fibers. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD043976.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kateryna Selcuk
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Laboratory of Applied Mechanobiology, ETH Zurich, Gloriastrasse 37-39 GLC G11, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Leitner
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 3, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Braun
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Laboratory of Applied Mechanobiology, ETH Zurich, Gloriastrasse 37-39 GLC G11, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fanny Le Blanc
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 3, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Paulina Pacak
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Laboratory of Applied Mechanobiology, ETH Zurich, Gloriastrasse 37-39 GLC G11, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simon Pot
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Laboratory of Applied Mechanobiology, ETH Zurich, Gloriastrasse 37-39 GLC G11, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Viola Vogel
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Laboratory of Applied Mechanobiology, ETH Zurich, Gloriastrasse 37-39 GLC G11, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Doki Y, Nakazawa Y, Sukegawa M, Petrova RS, Ishida Y, Endo S, Nagai N, Yamamoto N, Funakoshi-Tago M, Donaldson PJ. Piezo1 channel causes lens sclerosis via transglutaminase 2 activation. Exp Eye Res 2023; 237:109719. [PMID: 37951336 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Presbyopia is caused by age-related lenticular hardening, resulting in near vision loss, and it occurs in almost every individual aged ≥50 years. The lens experiences mechanical pressure during for focal adjustment to change its thickness. As lenticular stiffening results in incomplete thickness changes, near vision is reduced, which is known as presbyopia. Piezo1 is a mechanosensitive channel that constantly senses pressure changes during the regulation of visual acuity, and changes in Piezo1 channel activity may contribute to presbyopia. However, no studies have reported on Piezo1 activation or the onset of presbyopia. To elucidate the relevance of Piezo1 activation and cross-linking in the development of presbyopia, we analysed the function of Piezo1 in the lens. The addition of Yoda1, a Piezo1 activator, induced an increase in transglutaminase 2 (TGM2) mRNA expression and activity through the extra-cellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 and c-Jun-NH2-terminal kinase1/2 pathways. In ex vivo lenses, Yoda1 treatment induced γ-crystallin cross-linking via TMG2 activation. Furthermore, Yoda1 eye-drops in mice led to lenticular hardening via TGM2 induction and activation in vivo, suggesting that Yoda1-treated animals could serve as a model for presbyopia. Our findings indicate that this presbyopia-animal model could be useful for screening drugs for lens-stiffening inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Doki
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Rosica S Petrova
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, New Zealand Eye Centre, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yuki Ishida
- R&D Division, Hayashibara Co., Ltd, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shin Endo
- R&D Division, Hayashibara Co., Ltd, Okayama, Japan
| | - Noriaki Nagai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoki Yamamoto
- Research Promotion and Support Headquarters, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | | | - Paul J Donaldson
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, New Zealand Eye Centre, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Iervasi E, Strangio A, Greco L, Auricchio R, Saverino D. Circulating anti-hypothalamus antibodies in celiac patients: tissue transglutaminase friend or foe? Immunol Res 2023; 71:839-848. [PMID: 37221348 PMCID: PMC10667380 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-023-09394-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disease with inflammatory characteristics, having a condition of chronic malabsorption, affecting approximately 1% of the population at any age. In recent years, a concrete correlation between eating disorders and CD has emerged. Hypothalamus plays a central role in determining eating behaviour, regulating appetite and, consequently, food intake. One hundred and ten sera from celiac patients (40 active and 70 following a gluten-free diet) were tested for the presence of autoantibodies against primate hypothalamic periventricular neurons by immunofluorescence and by a home-made ELISA assay. In addition, ghrelin was measured by ELISA. As control, 45 blood serums from healthy age matched were analysed. Among active CD, all patients resulted positive for anti-hypothalamus autoantibodies and sera showed significantly higher levels of ghrelin. All of the free-gluten CD were negative for anti-hypothalamus autoantibodies and had low levels of ghrelin, as well as healthy controls. Of interest, anti-hypothalamic autoantibodies directly correlate with anti-tTG amounts and with mucosal damage. In addition, competition assays with recombinant tTG showed a drastically reduction of anti-hypothalamic serum reactivity. Finally, ghrelin levels are increased in CD patients and correlated with anti-tTG autoantibodies and anti-hypothalamus autoantibodies. This study demonstrates for the first time the presence of anti-hypothalamus antibodies and their correlation with the severity of the CD. It also allows us to hypothesize the role of tTG as a putative autoantigen expressed by hypothalamic neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erika Iervasi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via De Toni, 14, 16132, Genova, Italy
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Antonella Strangio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via De Toni, 14, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Luigi Greco
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Corso Umberto I, 40, 80138, Napoli, Italy
| | - Renata Auricchio
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Corso Umberto I, 40, 80138, Napoli, Italy
- European Laboratory for Food-Induced disease (ELFID), University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini, 5, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Daniele Saverino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via De Toni, 14, 16132, Genova, Italy.
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132, Genova, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gates EWJ, Prince-Hallée A, Heidari Y, Sedighi A, Keillor JW. High-Affinity Fluorogenic Substrate for Tissue Transglutaminase Reveals Enzymatic Hysteresis. Biochemistry 2023; 62:3085-3095. [PMID: 37856791 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.3c00337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Transglutaminases (TGases) are a family of calcium-dependent enzymes primarily known for their ability to cross-link proteins. Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is one isozyme in this family whose role is multifaceted. TG2 can act not only as a typical transamidase through its catalytic core but also as a G-protein via its GTP binding site. These two discrete activities are tightly regulated by both environmental stimuli and redox reactions. Ubiquitously expressed in humans, TG2 has been implicated in numerous disease pathologies that require extensive investigation. The catalytic activity of TG2 can be monitored through various mechanisms, including hydrolysis, transamidation, or cleavage of isopeptide bonds. Activity assays are required to monitor the activity of this isozyme not only for studying its transamidation reaction but also for validation of therapeutics designed to abolish this activity. Herein, we present the design, synthesis, and evaluation of a new TG2 activity substrate based on a previously optimized inhibitor scaffold. The substrate APH7 exhibits excellent affinity, selectivity, and reactivity with TG2 (KM = 3.0 μM). Furthermore, its application also allowed the discovery of unique hysteresis at play within the catalytic activity and inhibition reactivity of TG2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric W J Gates
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Adrien Prince-Hallée
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Yasaman Heidari
- Dalriada Drug Discovery, Mississauga, Ontario L5N 8G4, Canada
| | | | - Jeffrey W Keillor
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Arbildi P, Calvo F, Macías V, Rodríguez-Camejo C, Sóñora C, Hernández A. Study of tissue transglutaminase spliced variants expressed in THP-1 derived macrophages exhibiting distinct functional phenotypes. Immunobiology 2023; 228:152752. [PMID: 37813017 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2023.152752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Tissue transglutaminase (TG2) expressed in monocytes and macrophage is known to participate in processes during either early and resolution stages of inflammation. The alternative splicing of tissue transglutaminase gene is a mechanism that increases its functional diversity. Four spliced variants are known with truncated C-terminal domains (TGM2_v2, TGM2_v3, TGM2_v4a, TGM2_v4b) but scarce information is available about its expression in human monocyte and macrophages. We studied the expression of canonical TG2 (TGM2_v1) and its short spliced variants by RT-PCR during differentiation of TPH-1 derived macrophages (dTHP-1) using two protocols (condition I and II) that differ in Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate dose and time schedule. The production of TNF-α and IL-1β in supernatant of dTHP-1, measured by ELISA in supernatants showed higher proinflammatory milieu in condition I. We found that the expression of all mRNA TG2 spliced variants were up-regulated during macrophage differentiation and after IFN-γ treatment of dTHP-1 cells in both conditions. Nevertheless, the relative fold increase or TGM2_v3 in relation with TGM2_v1 was higher only with the condition I. M1/M2-like THP-1 macrophages obtained with IFN-γ/IL-4 treatments showed that the up-regulation of TGM2_v1 induced by IL-4 was higher in relation with any short spliced variants. The qualitative profile of relative contribution of spliced variants in M1/M2-like THP-1 cells showed a trend to higher expression of TGM2_v3 in the inflammatory functional phenotype. Our results contribute to the knowledge about TG2 spliced variants in the biology of monocyte/macrophage cells and show how the differentiation conditions can alter their expression and cell function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Arbildi
- Unidad Asociada de Inmunología, Instituto de Química Biológica (IQB), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay; Area Inmunología, Departamento de Biociencias (DEPBIO), Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, General Flores 2124, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay; Laboratorio de Inmunología, Instituto de Higiene "Prof. Arnoldo Berta", Universidad de la República, Alfredo Navarro 3051, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay.
| | - Federico Calvo
- Unidad Asociada de Inmunología, Instituto de Química Biológica (IQB), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay; Area Inmunología, Departamento de Biociencias (DEPBIO), Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, General Flores 2124, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay; Laboratorio de Inmunología, Instituto de Higiene "Prof. Arnoldo Berta", Universidad de la República, Alfredo Navarro 3051, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay
| | - Victoria Macías
- Unidad Asociada de Inmunología, Instituto de Química Biológica (IQB), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay; Area Inmunología, Departamento de Biociencias (DEPBIO), Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, General Flores 2124, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay; Laboratorio de Inmunología, Instituto de Higiene "Prof. Arnoldo Berta", Universidad de la República, Alfredo Navarro 3051, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay
| | - Claudio Rodríguez-Camejo
- Unidad Asociada de Inmunología, Instituto de Química Biológica (IQB), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay; Area Inmunología, Departamento de Biociencias (DEPBIO), Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, General Flores 2124, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay; Laboratorio de Inmunología, Instituto de Higiene "Prof. Arnoldo Berta", Universidad de la República, Alfredo Navarro 3051, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay.
| | - Cecilia Sóñora
- Unidad Asociada de Inmunología, Instituto de Química Biológica (IQB), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay; Area Inmunología, Departamento de Biociencias (DEPBIO), Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, General Flores 2124, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay; Laboratorio de Inmunología, Instituto de Higiene "Prof. Arnoldo Berta", Universidad de la República, Alfredo Navarro 3051, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay; Escuela Universitaria de Tecnología Médica (EUTM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Alfredo Navarro S/N, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay.
| | - Ana Hernández
- Unidad Asociada de Inmunología, Instituto de Química Biológica (IQB), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay; Area Inmunología, Departamento de Biociencias (DEPBIO), Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, General Flores 2124, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay; Laboratorio de Inmunología, Instituto de Higiene "Prof. Arnoldo Berta", Universidad de la República, Alfredo Navarro 3051, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Gallo M, Ferrari E, Terrazzan A, Brugnoli F, Spisni A, Taccioli C, Aguiari G, Trentini A, Volinia S, Keillor JW, Bergamini CM, Bianchi N, Pertinhez TA. Metabolic characterisation of transglutaminase 2 inhibitor effects in breast cancer cell lines. FEBS J 2023; 290:5411-5433. [PMID: 37597264 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Transglutaminase 2 (TG2), which mediates post-translational modifications of multiple intracellular enzymes, is involved in the pathogenesis and progression of cancer. We used 1 H-NMR metabolomics to study the effects of AA9, a novel TG2 inhibitor, on two breast cancer cell lines with distinct phenotypes, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231. AA9 can promote apoptosis in both cell lines, but it is particularly effective in MD-MB-231, inhibiting transamidation reactions and decreasing cell migration and invasiveness. This metabolomics study provides evidence of a major effect of AA9 on MDA-MB-231 cells, impacting glutamate and aspartate metabolism, rather than on MCF-7 cells, characterised by choline and O-phosphocholine decrease. Interestingly, AA9 treatment induces myo-inositol alteration in both cell lines, indicating action on phosphatidylinositol metabolism, likely modulated by the G protein activity of TG2 on phospholipase C. Considering the metabolic deregulations that characterise various breast cancer subtypes, the existence of a metabolic pathway affected by AA9 further points to TG2 as a promising hot spot. The metabolomics approach provides a powerful tool to monitor the effectiveness of inhibitors and better understand the role of TG2 in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Gallo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Italy
| | - Elena Ferrari
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Italy
| | - Anna Terrazzan
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Alberto Spisni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Italy
| | - Cristian Taccioli
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health (MAPS), University of Padua, Italy
| | - Gianluca Aguiari
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandro Trentini
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Prevention, University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefano Volinia
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - Jeffrey W Keillor
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Canada
| | - Carlo M Bergamini
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Goksoy Solak Y, Yegen G, Onder S, Tekin S, Soyluk O, Gul N, Tanakol R, Aral F, Kubat Uzum A. Transglutaminase 2 expression is associated with increased risk of lymph node metastasis and recurrence in papillary thyroid cancer. Endocrine 2023; 82:353-360. [PMID: 37340285 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03427-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is associated with mobilization, invasion, and chemoresistance of tumor cells. We aimed to determine whether the immunohistochemical staining with TG2 antibody differs between metastatic and non-metastatic papillary thyroid cancer patients. METHODS We included 76 patients with papillary thyroid cancer (72% female, median age 52 (24-81) years, follow-up time 107 (60-216) months). Thirty of them with no metastasis, 30 of them with only lymph node metastasis and 16 patients with distant ± lymph node metastasis. Immunohistochemical staining of TG2 antibody was evaluated in the primary tumor and extra-tumoral tissue. We also divided subjects into two groups according to their primary tumor TG2 staining score (group A, high risk group: ≥3, n = 43; group B, low risk group: <3, n = 33). RESULTS Vascular invasion (p < 0.001), thyroid capsule invasion (p < 0.001), extrathyroidal extension (p < 0.001), intrathyroidal dissemination (p = 0.001), lymph node metastasis (p < 0.001), presence of aggressive histology (p < 0.001) were significantly higher in group A. No significant difference was found between the groups in terms of distant metastasis. Based on ATA risk classification 95.5% of patients with low risk were in group B but 86.8% of intermediate risk and 56.3% of high risk were in group A. In regression analysis, lymph node metastasis increased by 1.9 times with each one point increase in TG2 staining score. CONCLUSION TG2 staining score of the primary tumor may be a predictive factor for lymph node metastasis. High or low TG2 scores may effect the frequency of follow-up and decision of treatment regimens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yagmur Goksoy Solak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Gulcin Yegen
- Department of Pathology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Semen Onder
- Department of Pathology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sakin Tekin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Soyluk
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nurdan Gul
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Refik Tanakol
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ferihan Aral
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayse Kubat Uzum
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Mizuno T, Nagano F, Ito Y, Tatsukawa H, Shinoda Y, Takeuchi T, Takahashi K, Tsuboi N, Nagamatsu T, Yamada S, Maruyama S, Hitomi K. Novel function of transglutaminase 2 in extracellular histone-induced acute lung injury. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 678:179-185. [PMID: 37643535 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular histones induce endothelial damage, resulting in lung haemorrhage; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Factor XIII, as a Ca2+-dependent cross-linking enzyme in blood, mediates fibrin deposition. As another isozyme, transglutaminase 2 (TG2) has a catalytic activity distributing in most tissues. Herein, we investigated whether TG2 promotes fibrin deposition and mediates the adhesion of platelets to ECs in histone-induced acute lung injury (ALI). We evaluated the lung histology and the adhesion of platelets to endothelial cells (ECs) after injecting histones to wild-type (WT) C57BL/6J and TG2 knockout (TG2-/-) mice, and administered a TG2 inhibitor (NC9) to WT mice. Pulmonary haemorrhage was more severe in TG2-/- mice than that in WT mice. The area of fibrin deposition and the proportion of CD41+CD31+ cells were lower in TG2-/- mice than in WT mice. Pre-treatment of NC9 decreased the area of fibrin deposition and the proportion of CD41+CD31+ cells in WT mice. These results suggest that TG2 prevents from pulmonary haemorrhage in ALI by promoting the adhesion of platelets to ECs and the fibrin deposition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Mizuno
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics and Informatics, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan.
| | - Fumihiko Nagano
- Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Ito
- Department of Nephrology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hideki Tatsukawa
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Shinoda
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Taishu Takeuchi
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuo Takahashi
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Naotake Tsuboi
- Department of Nephrology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Tadashi Nagamatsu
- Department of Analytical Pharmacology, Meijo University Faculty of Pharmacy, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shuhei Yamada
- Department of Pathobiochemistry, Meijo University Faculty of Pharmacy, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shoichi Maruyama
- Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Hitomi
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhong Z, Li Z, Li Y, Jiang L, Kong Q, Chen W, Feng S. RhoA vesicle trafficking-mediated transglutaminase 2 membrane translocation promotes IgA1 mesangial deposition in IgA nephropathy. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e160374. [PMID: 37811653 PMCID: PMC10619437 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.160374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Transglutaminase 2 (TGase2) has been shown to contribute to the mesangial IgA1 deposition in a humanized mouse model of IgA nephropathy (IgAN), but the mechanism is not fully understood. In this study, we found that inhibition of TGase2 activity could dramatically decrease the amount of polymeric IgA1 (pIgA1) isolated from patients with IgAN that interacts with human mesangial cells (HMC). TGase2 was expressed both in the cytosol and on the membrane of HMC. Upon treatment with pIgA1, there were more TGase2 recruited to the membrane. Using a cell model of mesangial deposition of pIgA1, we identified 253 potential TGase2-associated proteins in the cytosolic fraction and observed a higher concentration of cellular vesicles and increased expression of Ras homolog family member A (RhoA) in HMC after pIgA1 stimulation. Both the amount of pIgA1 deposited on HMC and membrane TGase2 level were decreased by inhibition of the vesicle trafficking pathway. Mechanistically, TGase2 was found to be coprecipitated with RhoA in the cellular vesicles. Membrane TGase2 expression was greatly increased by overexpression of RhoA, while it was reduced by knockdown of RhoA. Our in vitro approach demonstrated that TGase2 was transported from the cytosol to the membrane through a RhoA-mediated vesicle-trafficking pathway that can facilitate pIgA1 interaction with mesangium in IgAN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhijian Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanjie Li
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lanping Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingyu Kong
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaozhen Feng
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kohli AT, Hersh AO, Ponder L, Chan LHK, Rouster-Stevens KA, Tebo AE, Kugathasan S, Guthery SL, Bohnsack JF, Prahalad S. Prevalence of tissue transglutaminase antibodies and IgA deficiency are not increased in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a case-control study. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2023; 21:110. [PMID: 37798643 PMCID: PMC10557180 DOI: 10.1186/s12969-023-00890-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of Celiac Disease (CD) in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) has been reported to be 0.1-7% in various small studies. As a result of the limited number of research and their inconclusive results there are no clear recommendations for routine CD screening in asymptomatic patients with JIA. Our aim is to estimate the prevalence of IgA deficiency and tissue transglutaminase (tTG) IgA in a cohort of JIA followed in two large academic medical centers. METHODS Serum was collected and stored from all subjects and analyzed in a reference laboratory for total IgA (Quantitative Nephelometry) and tTG IgA antibody levels (Semi-Quantitative Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay). Fisher's exact tests were performed for statistical significance. Risk estimates (odds ratios) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. RESULTS 808 JIA cases and 140 controls were analyzed. Majority were non-Hispanic whites (72% vs. 68% p = 0.309). A total of 1.2% of cases were IgA deficient compared to none of the controls (p = 0.373). After excluding IgA deficient subjects, 2% of cases had tTG IgA ≥ 4u/mL compared to 3.6% of controls (p = 0.216) (OR = 0.5; 95% C.I = 0.1-1.4); and 0.8% of cases had tTG IgA > 10u/mL compared to 1.4% of controls (p = 0.627) (OR = 0.5; 95%C.I = 0.1-2.9). CONCLUSIONS Using the largest JIA cohort to date to investigate prevalence of celiac antibodies, the prevalence of positive tTG IgA was 0.8% and of IgA deficiency was 1.2%. The results did not demonstrate a higher prevalence of abnormal tTG IgA in JIA. The study did not support the routine screening of asymptomatic JIA patients for CD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Taneja Kohli
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Aimee O Hersh
- Department of Pediatrics, Spencer F. Eccles School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Lori Ponder
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lai Hin Kimi Chan
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kelly A Rouster-Stevens
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Anne E Tebo
- University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Subra Kugathasan
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Stephen L Guthery
- Department of Pediatrics, Spencer F. Eccles School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - John F Bohnsack
- Department of Pediatrics, Spencer F. Eccles School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Sampath Prahalad
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhang S, Yao HF, Li H, Su T, Jiang SH, Wang H, Zhang ZG, Dong FY, Yang Q, Yang XM. Transglutaminases are oncogenic biomarkers in human cancers and therapeutic targeting of TGM2 blocks chemoresistance and macrophage infiltration in pancreatic cancer. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2023; 46:1473-1492. [PMID: 37246171 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-023-00824-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Transglutaminases (TGs) are multifunctional enzymes exhibiting transglutaminase crosslinking, as well as atypical GTPase/ATPase and kinase activities. Here, we used an integrated comprehensive analysis to assess the genomic, transcriptomic and immunological landscapes of TGs across cancers. METHODS Gene expression and immune cell infiltration patterns across cancers were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) datasets. Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and orthotopic xenograft models were used to validate our database-derived results. RESULTS We found that the overall expression of TGs (designated as the TG score) is significantly upregulated in multiple cancers and related to a worse patient survival. The expression of TG family members can be regulated through multiple mechanisms at the genetic, epigenetic and transcriptional levels. The expression of transcription factors crucial for epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is commonly correlated with the TG score in many cancer types. Importantly, TGM2 expression displays a close connection with chemoresistance to a wide range of chemotherapeutic drugs. We found that TGM2 expression, F13A1 expression and the overall TG score were positively correlated with the infiltration of immune cells in all cancer types tested. Functional and clinical verification revealed that a higher TGM2 expression is linked with a worse patient survival, an increased IC50 value of gemcitabine, and a higher abundance of tumor-infiltrating macrophages in pancreatic cancer. Mechanistically, we found that increased C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) release mediated by TGM2 contributes to macrophage infiltration into the tumor microenvironment. CONCLUSIONS Our results reveal the relevance and molecular networks of TG genes in human cancers and highlight the importance of TGM2 in pancreatic cancer, which may provide promising directions for immunotherapy and for addressing chemoresistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Fei Yao
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200217, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Su
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Shu-Heng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 1800 Yuntai Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 200123, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fang-Yuan Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huadong Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qin Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiao-Mei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Malkomes P, Lunger I, Oppermann E, Lorenz J, Faqar-Uz-Zaman SF, Han J, Bothur S, Ziegler P, Bankov K, Wild P, Bechstein WO, Rieger MA. Transglutaminase 2 is associated with adverse colorectal cancer survival and represents a therapeutic target. Cancer Gene Ther 2023; 30:1346-1354. [PMID: 37443286 PMCID: PMC10581896 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-023-00641-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Molecular markers for predicting prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients are urgently needed for effective disease management. We reported previously that the multifunctional enzyme Transglutaminase 2 (TGM2) is essential for CRC cell survival by inactivation of the tumor suppressor p53. Based on these data, we determined the clinical relevance of TGM2 expression and explored its potential as prognostic marker and therapeutic target in CRC. We profiled TGM2 protein expression in tumor samples of 279 clinically characterized CRC patients using immunohistochemical staining. TGM2 expression was upregulated in matched tumor samples in comparison to normal tissue. A strong TGM2 expression was associated with advanced tumor stages and predicted worse prognosis regarding progression-free and overall-survival, even at early stages. Inhibition of TGM2 in CRC cell lines by the inhibitors LDN27219 and Tyrphostin resulted in a strong reduction of cancer cell proliferation and tumorsphere formation in vitro by induction of p53-mediated apoptosis. Primary patient-derived tumorsphere formation was significantly reduced by inhibition of TGM2. Treatment of mice with TGM2 inhibitors exhibited a significant deceleration of tumor progression. Our data indicate that high TGM2 expression in CRC is associated with worse prognosis and may serve as a therapeutic target in CRC patients with strong TGM2 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Malkomes
- Department for General, Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ilaria Lunger
- Department for General, Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Department of Medicine II, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Elsie Oppermann
- Department for General, Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Johannes Lorenz
- Department for General, Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sara Fatima Faqar-Uz-Zaman
- Department for General, Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jiaoyan Han
- Department for General, Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sabrina Bothur
- Department of Medicine II, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Paul Ziegler
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- University Cancer Center (UCT), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Katrin Bankov
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- University Cancer Center (UCT), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Peter Wild
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- University Cancer Center (UCT), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Wolf Otto Bechstein
- Department for General, Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Michael A Rieger
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
- Department of Medicine II, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- Cardio-Pulmonary-Institute, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Birinci H, Yolcu C, Dogan G, Basaran MK, Elevli M. Are Tp-e interval and QT dispersion values important in children with coeliac disease? Cardiol Young 2023; 33:1853-1858. [PMID: 36278847 DOI: 10.1017/s1047951122003213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Coeliac disease is an autoimmune intestinal disease that develops with permanent intolerance to gluten and similar cereal proteins. It can damage to many tissues, including myocardium, by autoimmune mechanisms. In our study, we aimed to investigate the effect of coeliac disease on cardiac electrical activity by comparing the Tp-e interval and Qt dispersion values of coeliac patients with healthy children. METHODS Fifty-seven coeliac patients and 57 healthy children were included in the study. Sociodemographic findings, physical examinations, symptoms, laboratory values, dietary compliance, endoscopy, and pathological findings were recorded into a standardised form. Electrocardiogram parameters were calculated, and echocardiography findings were noted. RESULTS No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of age, gender, heart rate, electrocardiogram parameters such as p wave, PR interval, QRS complex, QT interval, and QTc values. Tp-e interval, Tp-e / QT ratio, and Tp-e / QTc ratio were statistically significantly higher in the patient group compared to the control group. Ejection fraction and fractional shortening values were significantly lower in the patient group compared to the control group. In the patient group, Tp-e interval, Tp-e / QT ratio, Tp-e / QTc ratio, and QTc dispersion were statistically significantly higher in patients with tissue transglutaminase IgA positive compared to patients with tissue transglutaminase IgA negative. CONCLUSION Our study gives important findings in terms of detecting early signs of future cardiovascular events in childhood age group coeliac patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Birinci
- Department of Pediatrics, Health Science University, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Canan Yolcu
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Health Science University, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Guzide Dogan
- Department of Pediatric Gastroentrology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Bezmialem Vakıf University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Meryem K Basaran
- Department of Pediatric Gastroentrology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Gaziosmanpaşa Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Elevli
- Department of Pediatrics, Health Science University, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Liu C, Gao X, Shi R, Wang Y, He X, Du H, Hu B, Jiao J, Liu C, Teng Z. Microglial transglutaminase 2 deficiency causes impaired synaptic remodelling and cognitive deficits in mice. Cell Prolif 2023; 56:e13439. [PMID: 36878712 PMCID: PMC10472527 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglia are the primary source of transglutaminase 2 (TGM2) in the brain; however, the roles of microglial TGM2 in neural development and disease are still not well known. The aim of this study is to elucidate the role and mechanisms of microglial TGM2 in the brain. A mouse line with a specific knockout of Tgm2 in microglia was generated. Immunohistochemistry, Western blot and qRT-PCR assays were performed to evaluate the expression levels of TGM2, PSD-95 and CD68. Confocal imaging, immunofluorescence staining and behavioural analyses were conducted to identify phenotypes of microglial TGM2 deficiency. Finally, RNA sequencing, qRT-PCR and co-culture of neurons and microglia were used to explore the potential mechanisms. Deletion of microglial Tgm2 causes impaired synaptic pruning, reduced anxiety and increased cognitive deficits in mice. At the molecular level, the phagocytic genes, such as Cq1a, C1qb and Tim4, are significantly down-regulated in TGM2-deficient microglia. This study elucidates a novel role of microglial TGM2 in regulating synaptic remodelling and cognitive function, indicating that microglia Tgm2 is essential for proper neural development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineBeijingChina
- Institute for Stem Cell and RegenerationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Savaid Medical SchoolUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Ruo‐Xi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Savaid Medical SchoolUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Ying‐Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineBeijingChina
- Institute for Stem Cell and RegenerationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Savaid Medical SchoolUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xuan‐Cheng He
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineBeijingChina
- Institute for Stem Cell and RegenerationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Hong‐Zhen Du
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineBeijingChina
- Institute for Stem Cell and RegenerationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Baoyang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineBeijingChina
- Institute for Stem Cell and RegenerationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Savaid Medical SchoolUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jianwei Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineBeijingChina
- Institute for Stem Cell and RegenerationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Savaid Medical SchoolUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Chang‐Mei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineBeijingChina
- Institute for Stem Cell and RegenerationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Savaid Medical SchoolUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhao‐Qian Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineBeijingChina
- Institute for Stem Cell and RegenerationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Savaid Medical SchoolUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Su H, Kolkhir P, Scheffel J, Xiang YK, Yao X, Maurer M, Altrichter S. One in five patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria has IgE to tissue transglutaminase 2. Allergy 2023; 78:2537-2539. [PMID: 37017141 DOI: 10.1111/all.15734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Huichun Su
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Pavel Kolkhir
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Scheffel
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yi-Kui Xiang
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xu Yao
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Marcus Maurer
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabine Altrichter
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Das S, Stamnaes J, Kemppainen E, Hervonen K, Lundin KEA, Parmar N, Jahnsen FL, Jahnsen J, Lindfors K, Salmi T, Iversen R, Sollid LM. Separate Gut Plasma Cell Populations Produce Auto-Antibodies against Transglutaminase 2 and Transglutaminase 3 in Dermatitis Herpetiformis. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2300401. [PMID: 37424036 PMCID: PMC10477854 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) is an inflammatory skin disorder often considered as an extra intestinal manifestation of celiac disease (CeD). Hallmarks of CeD and DH are auto-antibodies to transglutaminase 2 (TG2) and transglutaminase 3 (TG3), respectively. DH patients have auto-antibodies reactive with both transglutaminase enzymes. Here it is reported that in DH both gut plasma cells and serum auto-antibodies are specific for either TG2 or TG3 with no TG2-TG3 cross reactivity. By generating monoclonal antibodies from TG3-specific duodenal plasma cells of DH patients, three conformational epitope groups are defined. Both TG2-specific and TG3-specific gut plasma cells have few immunoglobulin (Ig) mutations, and the two transglutaminase-reactive populations show distinct selection of certain heavy and light chain V-genes. Mass spectrometry analysis of TG3-specific serum IgA corroborates preferential usage of IGHV2-5 in combination with IGKV4-1. Collectively, these results demonstrate parallel induction of anti-TG2 and anti-TG3 auto-antibody responses involving separate B-cell populations in DH patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saykat Das
- Department of ImmunologyOslo University Hospital‐RikshospitaletOslo0372Norway
- KG Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research CentreInstitute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloOslo0372Norway
| | - Jorunn Stamnaes
- Department of ImmunologyOslo University Hospital‐RikshospitaletOslo0372Norway
- KG Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research CentreInstitute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloOslo0372Norway
| | - Esko Kemppainen
- Celiac Disease Research CentreFaculty of Medicine and Health TechnologyTampere UniversityTampere33520Finland
| | - Kaisa Hervonen
- Celiac Disease Research CentreFaculty of Medicine and Health TechnologyTampere UniversityTampere33520Finland
- Department of DermatologyTampere University HospitalTampere33520Finland
| | - Knut E. A. Lundin
- KG Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research CentreInstitute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloOslo0372Norway
- Department of GastroenterologyOslo University Hospital‐RikshospitaletOslo0372Norway
| | - Naveen Parmar
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Oslo and Institute of Clinical MedicineOslo University Hospital‐RikshospitaletOslo0372Norway
| | - Frode L. Jahnsen
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Oslo and Institute of Clinical MedicineOslo University Hospital‐RikshospitaletOslo0372Norway
| | - Jørgen Jahnsen
- Department of GastroenterologyAkershus University HospitalLørenskog1478Norway
| | - Katri Lindfors
- Celiac Disease Research CentreFaculty of Medicine and Health TechnologyTampere UniversityTampere33520Finland
| | - Teea Salmi
- Celiac Disease Research CentreFaculty of Medicine and Health TechnologyTampere UniversityTampere33520Finland
| | - Rasmus Iversen
- Department of ImmunologyOslo University Hospital‐RikshospitaletOslo0372Norway
- KG Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research CentreInstitute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloOslo0372Norway
| | - Ludvig M. Sollid
- Department of ImmunologyOslo University Hospital‐RikshospitaletOslo0372Norway
- KG Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research CentreInstitute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OsloOslo0372Norway
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Niemelä O, Bloigu A, Bloigu R, Nivukoski U, Kultti J, Pohjasniemi H. Patterns of IgA Autoantibody Generation, Inflammatory Responses and Extracellular Matrix Metabolism in Patients with Alcohol Use Disorder. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13124. [PMID: 37685930 PMCID: PMC10487441 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent data have emphasized the role of inflammation and intestinal immunoglobulin A (IgA) responses in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). In order to further explore such associations, we compared IgA titers against antigens targeted to ethanol metabolites and tissue transglutaminase with pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators of inflammation, markers of liver status, transferrin protein desialylation and extracellular matrix metabolism in alcohol-dependent patients with or without liver disease and in healthy controls. Serum IgAs against protein adducts with acetaldehyde (HbAch-IgA), the first metabolite of ethanol, and tissue transglutaminase (tTG-IgA), desialylated transferrin (CDT), pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, markers of liver status (GT, ALP) and extracellular matrix metabolism (PIIINP, PINP, hyaluronic acid, ICTP and CTx) were measured in alcohol-dependent patients with (n = 83) or without (n = 105) liver disease and 88 healthy controls representing either moderate drinkers or abstainers. In ALD patients, both tTG-IgA and HbAch-IgA titers were significantly higher than those in the alcoholics without liver disease (p < 0.0005 for tTG-IgA, p = 0.006 for Hb-Ach-IgA) or in healthy controls (p < 0.0005 for both comparisons). The HbAch-IgA levels in the alcoholics without liver disease also exceeded those found in healthy controls (p = 0.0008). In ROC analyses, anti-tTG-antibodies showed an excellent discriminative value in differentiating between ALD patients and healthy controls (AUC = 0.95, p < 0.0005). Significant correlations emerged between tTG-IgAs and HbAch-IgAs (rs = 0.462, p < 0.0005), CDT (rs = 0.413, p < 0.0001), GT (rs = 0.487, p < 0.0001), alkaline phosphatase (rs = 0.466, p < 0.0001), serum markers of fibrogenesis: PIIINP (rs = 0.634, p < 0.0001), hyaluronic acid (rs = 0.575, p < 0.0001), ICTP (rs = 0.482, p < 0.0001), pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 (rs = 0.581, p < 0.0001), IL-8 (rs = 0.535, p < 0.0001) and TNF-α (rs = 0.591, p < 0.0001), whereas significant inverse correlations were observed with serum TGF-β (rs = -0.366, p < 0.0001) and CTx, a marker of collagen degradation (rs = -0.495, p < 0.0001). The data indicate that the induction of IgA immune responses toward ethanol metabolites and tissue transglutaminaseis a characteristic feature of patients with AUD and coincides with the activation of inflammation, extracellular matrix remodeling and the generation of aberrantly glycosylated proteins. These processes appear to work in concert in the sequence of events leading from heavy drinking to ALD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Onni Niemelä
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Research Unit, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, 60220 Seinäjoki, Finland; (U.N.); (J.K.); (H.P.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Aini Bloigu
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland;
| | - Risto Bloigu
- Infrastructure of Population Studies, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland;
| | - Ulla Nivukoski
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Research Unit, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, 60220 Seinäjoki, Finland; (U.N.); (J.K.); (H.P.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Johanna Kultti
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Research Unit, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, 60220 Seinäjoki, Finland; (U.N.); (J.K.); (H.P.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Heidi Pohjasniemi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Research Unit, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, 60220 Seinäjoki, Finland; (U.N.); (J.K.); (H.P.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Gates EWJ, Calvert ND, Cundy NJ, Brugnoli F, Navals P, Kirby A, Bianchi N, Adhikary G, Shuhendler AJ, Eckert RL, Keillor JW. Cell-Impermeable Inhibitors Confirm That Intracellular Human Transglutaminase 2 Is Responsible for the Transglutaminase-Associated Cancer Phenotype. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12546. [PMID: 37628729 PMCID: PMC10454375 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is a multifunctional enzyme primarily responsible for crosslinking proteins. Ubiquitously expressed in humans, TG2 can act either as a transamidase by crosslinking two substrates through formation of an Nε(ɣ-glutaminyl)lysine bond or as an intracellular G-protein. These discrete roles are tightly regulated by both allosteric and environmental stimuli and are associated with dramatic changes in the conformation of the enzyme. The pleiotropic nature of TG2 and multi-faceted activities have resulted in TG2 being implicated in numerous disease pathologies including celiac disease, fibrosis, and cancer. Targeted TG2 therapies have not been selective for subcellular localization, such that currently no tools exist to selectively target extracellular over intracellular TG2. Herein, we have designed novel TG2-selective inhibitors that are not only highly potent and irreversible, but also cell impermeable, targeting only extracellular TG2. We have also further derivatized the scaffold to develop probes that are intrinsically fluorescent or bear an alkyne handle, which target both intra- and extracellular TG2, in order to facilitate cellular labelling and pull-down assays. The fluorescent probes were internalized and imaged in cellulo, and provide the first implicit experimental evidence that by comparison with their cell-impermeable analogues, it is specifically intracellular TG2, and presumably its G-protein activity, that contributes to transglutaminase-associated cancer progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric W. J. Gates
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada; (E.W.J.G.); (N.D.C.); (N.J.C.); (P.N.); (A.K.); (A.J.S.)
| | - Nicholas D. Calvert
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada; (E.W.J.G.); (N.D.C.); (N.J.C.); (P.N.); (A.K.); (A.J.S.)
| | - Nicholas J. Cundy
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada; (E.W.J.G.); (N.D.C.); (N.J.C.); (P.N.); (A.K.); (A.J.S.)
| | - Federica Brugnoli
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44021 Ferrara, Italy; (F.B.); (N.B.)
| | - Pauline Navals
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada; (E.W.J.G.); (N.D.C.); (N.J.C.); (P.N.); (A.K.); (A.J.S.)
| | - Alexia Kirby
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada; (E.W.J.G.); (N.D.C.); (N.J.C.); (P.N.); (A.K.); (A.J.S.)
| | - Nicoletta Bianchi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44021 Ferrara, Italy; (F.B.); (N.B.)
| | - Gautam Adhikary
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (G.A.); (R.L.E.)
| | - Adam J. Shuhendler
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada; (E.W.J.G.); (N.D.C.); (N.J.C.); (P.N.); (A.K.); (A.J.S.)
| | - Richard L. Eckert
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (G.A.); (R.L.E.)
| | - Jeffrey W. Keillor
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada; (E.W.J.G.); (N.D.C.); (N.J.C.); (P.N.); (A.K.); (A.J.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Yiu TW, Holman SR, Kaidonis X, Graham RM, Iismaa SE. Transglutaminase 2 Facilitates Murine Wound Healing in a Strain-Dependent Manner. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11475. [PMID: 37511238 PMCID: PMC10380275 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) plays a role in cellular processes that are relevant to wound healing, but to date no studies of wound healing in TG2 knockout mice have been reported. Here, using 129T2/SvEmsJ (129)- or C57BL/6 (B6)-backcrossed TG2 knockout mice, we show that TG2 facilitates murine wound healing in a strain-dependent manner. Early healing of in vivo cutaneous wounds and closure of in vitro scratch wounds in murine embryonic fibroblast (MEF) monolayers were delayed in 129, but not B6, TG2 knockouts, relative to their wild-type counterparts, with wound closure in 129 being faster than in B6 wild-types. A single dose of exogenous recombinant wild-type TG2 to 129 TG2-/- mice or MEFs immediately post-wounding accelerated wound closure. Neutrophil and monocyte recruitment to 129 cutaneous wounds was not affected by Tgm2 deletion up to 5 days post-wounding. Tgm2 mRNA and TG2 protein abundance were higher in 129 than in B6 wild-types and increased in abundance following cutaneous and scratch wounding. Tgm1 and factor XIIA (F13A) mRNA abundance increased post-wounding, but there was no compensation by TG family members in TG2-/- relative to TG2+/+ mice in either strain before or after wounding. 129 TG2+/+ MEF adhesion was greater and spreading was faster than that of B6 TG2+/+ MEFs, and was dependent on syndecan binding in the presence, but not absence, of RGD inhibition of integrin binding. Adhesion and spreading of 129, but not B6, TG2-/- MEFs was impaired relative to their wild-type counterparts and was accelerated by exogenous addition or transfection of TG2 protein or cDNA, respectively, and was independent of the transamidase or GTP-binding activity of TG2. Rho-family GTPase activation, central to cytoskeletal organization, was altered in 129 TG2-/- MEFs, with delayed RhoA and earlier Rac1 activation than in TG2+/+ MEFs. These findings indicate that the rate of wound healing is different between 129 and B6 mouse strains, correlating with TG2 abundance, and although not essential for wound healing, TG2 facilitates integrin- and syndecan-mediated RhoA- and Rac1-activation in fibroblasts to promote efficient wound contraction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting W. Yiu
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; (T.W.Y.); (S.R.H.); (X.K.)
| | - Sara R. Holman
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; (T.W.Y.); (S.R.H.); (X.K.)
| | - Xenia Kaidonis
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; (T.W.Y.); (S.R.H.); (X.K.)
| | - Robert M. Graham
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; (T.W.Y.); (S.R.H.); (X.K.)
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Siiri E. Iismaa
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; (T.W.Y.); (S.R.H.); (X.K.)
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Amundsen SF, Stamnaes J, Lundin KEA, Sollid LM. Expression of transglutaminase 2 in human gut epithelial cells: Implications for coeliac disease. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287662. [PMID: 37368893 PMCID: PMC10298751 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Formation of complexes between transglutaminase 2 (TG2) and gluten can mechanistically explain why TG2 serves both as B-cell autoantigen and as an enzyme that creates deamidated gluten epitopes in coeliac disease (CeD). A model has been proposed where TG2 released from shed epithelial cells encounters high concentrations of dietary gluten peptides to form these TG2:gluten complexes. In this work we have characterised TG2 protein expression in gut epithelial cells in humans. METHODS Western blot analysis, immunofluorescence staining and mass spectrometry in combination with laser capture microdissection to gain spatial resolution were used to characterise TG2 expression in the epithelial cell layer of healthy and coeliac disease affected duodenum. FINDINGS TG2 is expressed in human duodenal epithelial cells, including cells in the apical region that are shed into the gut lumen. In untreated CeD the apical expression of TG2 is doubled. Enzymatically active TG2 is readily released from isolated human intestinal epithelial cells. CONCLUSION Shed epithelial cells are a plausible source of pathogenic TG2 enzyme in CeD. Increased epithelial TG2 expression and increased epithelial shedding in active CeD may reinforce action of luminal TG2 in this condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunniva F. Amundsen
- KG Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital—Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jorunn Stamnaes
- KG Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital—Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Knut E. A. Lundin
- KG Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Gastroenterology, Oslo University Hospital—Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ludvig M. Sollid
- KG Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital—Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Yang Z, Zhang X, Zhuo F, Liu T, Luo Q, Zheng Y, Li L, Yang H, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Liu D, Tu P, Zeng K. Allosteric Activation of Transglutaminase 2 via Inducing an "Open" Conformation for Osteoblast Differentiation. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2206533. [PMID: 37088726 PMCID: PMC10288273 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202206533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Osteoblasts play an important role in the regulation of bone homeostasis throughout life. Thus, the damage of osteoblasts can lead to serious skeletal diseases, highlighting the urgent need for novel pharmacological targets. This study introduces chemical genetics strategy by using small molecule forskolin (FSK) as a probe to explore the druggable targets for osteoporosis. Here, this work reveals that transglutaminase 2 (TGM2) served as a major cellular target of FSK to obviously induce osteoblast differentiation. Then, this work identifies a previously undisclosed allosteric site in the catalytic core of TGM2. In particular, FSK formed multiple hydrogen bonds in a saddle-like domain to induce an "open" conformation of the β-sandwich domain in TGM2, thereby promoting the substrate protein crosslinks by incorporating polyamine. Furthermore, this work finds that TGM2 interacted with several mitochondrial homeostasis-associated proteins to improve mitochondrial dynamics and ATP production for osteoblast differentiation. Finally, this work observes that FSK effectively ameliorated osteoporosis in the ovariectomy mice model. Taken together, these findings show a previously undescribed pharmacological allosteric site on TGM2 for osteoporosis treatment, and also provide an available chemical tool for interrogating TGM2 biology and developing bone anabolic agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191China
| | - Xiao‐Wen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191China
| | - Fang‐Fang Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191China
| | - Ting‐Ting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191China
| | - Qian‐Wei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191China
| | - Yong‐Zhe Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191China
| | - Ling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191China
| | - Heng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191China
| | - Yi‐Chi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191China
| | - Yan‐Hang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191China
| | - Dan Liu
- Proteomics LaboratoryMedical and Healthy Analytical CenterPeking University Health Science CenterBeijing100191China
| | - Peng‐Fei Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191China
| | - Ke‐Wu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Emerson J, Delgado T, Girardi P, Johnson GVW. Deletion of Transglutaminase 2 from Mouse Astrocytes Significantly Improves Their Ability to Promote Neurite Outgrowth on an Inhibitory Matrix. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:6058. [PMID: 37047031 PMCID: PMC10094709 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes are the primary support cells of the central nervous system (CNS) that help maintain the energetic requirements and homeostatic environment of neurons. CNS injury causes astrocytes to take on reactive phenotypes with an altered overall function that can range from supportive to harmful for recovering neurons. The characterization of reactive astrocyte populations is a rapidly developing field, and the underlying factors and signaling pathways governing which type of reactive phenotype that astrocytes take on are poorly understood. Our previous studies suggest that transglutaminase 2 (TG2) has an important role in determining the astrocytic response to injury. Selectively deleting TG2 from astrocytes improves functional outcomes after CNS injury and causes widespread changes in gene regulation, which is associated with its nuclear localization. To begin to understand how TG2 impacts astrocytic function, we used a neuron-astrocyte co-culture paradigm to compare the effects of TG2-/- and wild-type (WT) mouse astrocytes on neurite outgrowth and synapse formation. Neurons were grown on a control substrate or an injury-simulating matrix comprised of inhibitory chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs). Compared to WT astrocytes, TG2-/- astrocytes supported neurite outgrowth to a significantly greater extent only on the CSPG matrix, while synapse formation assays showed mixed results depending on the pre- and post-synaptic markers analyzed. We hypothesize that TG2 regulates the supportive functions of astrocytes in injury conditions by modulating gene expression through interactions with transcription factors and transcription complexes. Based on the results of a previous yeast two-hybrid screen for TG2 interactors, we further investigated the interaction of TG2 with Zbtb7a, a ubiquitously expressed transcription factor. Co-immunoprecipitation and colocalization analyses confirmed the interaction of TG2 and Zbtb7a in the nucleus of astrocytes. Overexpression or knockdown of Zbtb7a levels in WT and TG2-/- astrocytes revealed that Zbtb7a robustly influenced astrocytic morphology and the ability of astrocytes to support neuronal outgrowth, which was significantly modulated by the presence of TG2. These findings support our hypothesis that astrocytic TG2 acts as a transcriptional regulator to influence astrocytic function, with greater influence under injury conditions that increase its expression, and Zbtb7a likely contributes to the overall effects observed with astrocytic TG2 deletion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Peter Girardi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Ave., Box 604, Rochester, NY 14620, USA
| | - Gail V. W. Johnson
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Ave., Box 604, Rochester, NY 14620, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Sposito S, Secondo A, Romanelli AM, Montefusco A, Nanayakkara M, Auricchio S, Barone MV, Caputo I, Paolella G. Peculiar Ca 2+ Homeostasis, ER Stress, Autophagy, and TG2 Modulation in Celiac Disease Patient-Derived Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021495. [PMID: 36675008 PMCID: PMC9866799 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Celiac disease (CD) is an inflammatory intestinal disease caused by the ingestion of gluten-containing cereals by genetically predisposed individuals. Constitutive differences between cells from CD patients and control subjects, including levels of protein phosphorylation, alterations of vesicular trafficking, and regulation of type 2 transglutaminase (TG2), have been reported. In the present work, we investigated how skin-derived fibroblasts from CD and control subjects responded to thapsigargin, an endoplasmic reticulum ER stress inducer, in an attempt to contribute to the comprehension of molecular features of the CD cellular phenotype. We analyzed Ca2+ levels by single-cell video-imaging and TG2 activity by a microplate assay. Western blots and PCR analyses were employed to monitor TG2 levels and markers of ER stress and autophagy. We found that the cytosolic and ER Ca2+ level of CD cells was lower than in control cells. Treatments with thapsigargin differently activated TG2 in control and CD cells, as well as caused slightly different responses regarding the activation of ER stress and the expression of autophagic markers. On the whole, our findings identified further molecular features of the celiac cellular phenotype and highlighted that CD cells appeared less capable of adapting to a stress condition and responding in a physiological way.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Sposito
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Agnese Secondo
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, School of Medicine, University Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Montefusco
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Merlin Nanayakkara
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Salvatore Auricchio
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food-Induced Diseases (ELFID), University Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Vittoria Barone
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food-Induced Diseases (ELFID), University Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Ivana Caputo
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food-Induced Diseases (ELFID), University Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetana Paolella
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Marquardt V, Theruvath J, Pauck D, Picard D, Qin N, Blümel L, Maue M, Bartl J, Ahmadov U, Langini M, Meyer FD, Cole A, Cruz-Cruz J, Graef CM, Wölfl M, Milde T, Witt O, Erdreich-Epstein A, Leprivier G, Kahlert U, Stefanski A, Stühler K, Keir ST, Bigner DD, Hauer J, Beez T, Knobbe-Thomsen CB, Fischer U, Felsberg J, Hansen FK, Vibhakar R, Venkatraman S, Cheshier SH, Reifenberger G, Borkhardt A, Kurz T, Remke M, Mitra S. Tacedinaline (CI-994), a class I HDAC inhibitor, targets intrinsic tumor growth and leptomeningeal dissemination in MYC-driven medulloblastoma while making them susceptible to anti-CD47-induced macrophage phagocytosis via NF-kB-TGM2 driven tumor inflammation. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:jitc-2022-005871. [PMID: 36639156 PMCID: PMC9843227 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While major advances have been made in improving the quality of life and survival of children with most forms of medulloblastoma (MB), those with MYC-driven tumors (Grp3-MB) still suffer significant morbidity and mortality. There is an urgent need to explore multimodal therapeutic regimens which are effective and safe for children. Large-scale studies have revealed abnormal cancer epigenomes caused by mutations and structural alterations of chromatin modifiers, aberrant DNA methylation, and histone modification signatures. Therefore, targeting epigenetic modifiers for cancer treatment has gained increasing interest, and inhibitors for various epigenetic modulators have been intensively studied in clinical trials. Here, we report a cross-entity, epigenetic drug screen to evaluate therapeutic vulnerabilities in MYC amplified MB, which sensitizes them to macrophage-mediated phagocytosis by targeting the CD47-signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα) innate checkpoint pathway. METHODS We performed a primary screen including 78 epigenetic inhibitors and a secondary screen including 20 histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) to compare response profiles in atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT, n=11), MB (n=14), and glioblastoma (n=14). This unbiased approach revealed the preferential activity of HDACi in MYC-driven MB. Importantly, the class I selective HDACi, CI-994, showed significant cell viability reduction mediated by induction of apoptosis in MYC-driven MB, with little-to-no activity in non-MYC-driven MB, AT/RT, and glioblastoma in vitro. We tested the combinatorial effect of targeting class I HDACs and the CD47-SIRPa phagocytosis checkpoint pathway using in vitro phagocytosis assays and in vivo orthotopic xenograft models. RESULTS CI-994 displayed antitumoral effects at the primary site and the metastatic compartment in two orthotopic mouse models of MYC-driven MB. Furthermore, RNA sequencing revealed nuclear factor-kB (NF-κB) pathway induction as a response to CI-994 treatment, followed by transglutaminase 2 (TGM2) expression, which enhanced inflammatory cytokine secretion. We further show interferon-γ release and cell surface expression of engulfment ('eat-me') signals (such as calreticulin). Finally, combining CI-994 treatment with an anti-CD47 mAb targeting the CD47-SIRPα phagocytosis checkpoint enhanced in vitro phagocytosis and survival in tumor-bearing mice. CONCLUSION Together, these findings suggest a dynamic relationship between MYC amplification and innate immune suppression in MYC amplified MB and support further investigation of phagocytosis modulation as a strategy to enhance cancer immunotherapy responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Marquardt
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncogenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Johanna Theruvath
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute for StemCell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - David Pauck
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncogenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; and DKTK, partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Daniel Picard
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncogenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; and DKTK, partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nan Qin
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncogenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; and DKTK, partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lena Blümel
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncogenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; and DKTK, partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mara Maue
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncogenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; and DKTK, partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jasmin Bartl
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncogenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; and DKTK, partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ulvi Ahmadov
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncogenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf; and DKTK, partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Maike Langini
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncogenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, Biomedical Research Centre (BMFZ), Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Frauke-Dorothee Meyer
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncogenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf; and DKTK, partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Allison Cole
- Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Claus M Graef
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute for StemCell Biology and Regenerative Medicine and Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Matthias Wölfl
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Children's Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Till Milde
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Olaf Witt
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anat Erdreich-Epstein
- Division of Hematology-Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics and the Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Gabriel Leprivier
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf; and DKTK, partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ulf Kahlert
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anja Stefanski
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, Biomedical Research Centre (BMFZ), Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kai Stühler
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, Biomedical Research Centre (BMFZ), Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stephen T Keir
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Darell D Bigner
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Julia Hauer
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; and DKTK, partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Beez
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christiane B Knobbe-Thomsen
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf; and DKTK, partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ute Fischer
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; and DKTK, partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jörg Felsberg
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf; and DKTK, partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Finn K Hansen
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rajeev Vibhakar
- Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Samuel H Cheshier
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Guido Reifenberger
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncogenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf; and DKTK, partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Arndt Borkhardt
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncogenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Kurz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marc Remke
- Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncogenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; and DKTK, partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Germany, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Siddhartha Mitra
- Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Ackermann U, Jäger L, Rigopoulos A, Burvenich IJG, O'Keefe GJ, Scott AM. 18F-labeling and initial in vivo evaluation of a Hitomi peptide for imaging tissue transglutaminase 2. Nucl Med Biol 2023; 116-117:108308. [PMID: 36502585 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tissue transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is a calcium-dependent enzyme which cross-links proteins. It is overexpressed in many diseases and plays a key role in tissue remodeling, including cell adhesion and migration. Overexpression of TG2 in breast cancer is a marker for patients at risk of recurrence. Non-invasive imaging of TG2 can therefore play an important role in patient management. TG2 probes labeled with the positron emitters 11C and 18F have thus far not found widespread application due to purity and metabolism issues. Our approach was to radiolabel a TG2 selective, 13-mer amino acid peptide, which was modified with a 5-azidopentanoic acid group at the N-terminus via a copper free click chemistry approach. METHODS Radiochemistry was performed and fully automated using an iPhase FlexLab module. We produced the radiolabeling synthon [18F]FBz-DBCO from [18F]SFB and DBCO-amine. After HPLC purification, [18F]FBz-DBCO was reacted with the modified peptide and the putative radiotracer purified by HPLC. In vivo imaging using the radiolabeled amine was performed in mice bearing either TG2 expressing MDA-MB-231 or non-TG2 expressing MCF-7 xenografts as negative control. Expression of the target was confirmed using immunohistochemistry and western blot techniques. RESULTS We obtained 9 ± 2 GBq of the radiolabeled peptide from 55 ± 5 GBq of fluorine-18 in an overall synthesis time of 160 min from end of bombardment (EOB), including HPLC purification and reformulation. Small animal PET/MR imaging showed that visualization of MDA-MB-231 tumors using the radiolabeled peptide could only be achieved due to differences in clearance between tumor and surrounding tissue. In the MCF-7 xenograft model, radiotracer clearance from tumor and surrounding tissue occurred at a similar rate, thus making it impossible to visualize MCF-7 tumors. The presence of TG2 in MDA-MB-231 tumors and absence in MCF-7 tumors was confirmed by immunohistochemistry staining and western blot analysis. CONCLUSION A fully automated synthesis of a TG2 selective, 13-amino-acid peptide modified with 5-azido pentynoic acid at the N-terminal was established using [18F]FBzDBCO as a prosthetic group. Although our results show that radiolabeled peptides have potential as imaging agents for TG2, more research needs to be performed to improve radiotracer kinetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Ackermann
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Luise Jäger
- Faculty of Medicine, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Germany
| | | | | | - Graeme Joseph O'Keefe
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew M Scott
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Mahmoud IF, Alhilo I, Alhilo S, Hasan H, Alkhaledy A, Alkhatib B. Remodeling Immune Response in A Celiac Disease Patient Using Herbal Supplementation: A Clinical Case-Study. Altern Ther Health Med 2022; 28:46-49. [PMID: 35839104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by abnormal serological response (autoimmune anti-tissue-Transglutaminase antibodies) triggered by gluten ingestion in genetically predisposed individuals. The only available effective management for those patients is a strict gluten-free diet. AIM To investigate the improvement of CD after completing a traditional herbal supplementation and alternative medicine treatment. CASE DESCRIPTION, TREATMENT, AND RESULTS A 23-year-old female presented with a confirmed CD diagnosis (positive anti-tissue Transglutaminase IgA with infiltration of mixed inflammatory cell detected in small bowel biopsy). After 9 months of alternative treatment with traditional herbal supplementation (Taraxaf®, Ferrolina®, and Indomirol®), the clinical, laboratory, and endoscopy profile tests have shown an overall improvement with negative results for anti-tissue Transglutaminase IgA, and normal small bowel mucosal appearance. She was returned to an ordinary diet containing gluten. CONCLUSION A traditional herbal supplementation with specific doses followed by a physician's instruction led to obvious improvement in this CD patient.
Collapse
|
41
|
Su J, Yao Z, Chen Z, Zhou S, Wang Z, Xia H, Liu S, Wu Y. TfR Aptamer Enhanced Blood-Brain Barrier Penetration of Biomimetic Nanocomplexes for Intracellular Transglutaminase 2 Imaging and Silencing in Glioma. Small 2022; 18:e2203448. [PMID: 35980938 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202203448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Engineering a versatile nanocomplex integrating effective penetration of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), accurate diagnosis, and boosting therapy has always been an intractable challenge in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Herein, biomimetic nanocomplexes (TMPsM) for single intracellular transglutaminase 2 (TG2)-triggered self-assembly imaging and RNAi therapy for GBM are subtly developed. To prove the concept, transferrin receptor (TfR) aptamer-modified brain metastatic tumor cell membrane is prepared as the shell for dual BBB targeting capability and prolonged blood retention time. Upon targeting entering into GBM, hollow MnO2 is decomposed to release KKGKGQQ-tetraphenylethene (Pep-TPE) and siRNA. Owing to TG2 dependence, the non-emissive Pep-TPE would be self-aggregated to induce the emission turn-on in GBM that contain overexpressed TG2. The resulting aggregation-induced emission fluorescence imaging with a high signal-to-noise ratio can achieve the precise localization of the tumor and dynamic detection of TG2 activity, thereby allowing the GBM accurate diagnosis. Notably, the TG2 can be silenced by the released siRNA to cause cell apoptosis and increase chemotherapeutic sensitivity, ultimately realizing excellent antitumor efficacy. In vitro and in vivo results demonstrate that the as-prepared TMPsM indeed possess superior BBB penetration, precise diagnosis, and effective therapy of GBM. The proposed strategy may pioneer a new path for the theranostics of brain tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Su
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Zhipeng Yao
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
- The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders, Department of Neurosurgery of Wannan Medical College, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, 241001, China
| | - Zixuan Chen
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Sisi Zhou
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Testing and Certification, Wuxi Institute of Inspection, Wuxi, 214125, China
| | - Hongping Xia
- The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders, Department of Neurosurgery of Wannan Medical College, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, 241001, China
| | - Songqin Liu
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Yafeng Wu
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Jeitner TM, Kelly JM. Stabilization of guinea pig transglutaminase 2 solutions. Anal Biochem 2022; 657:114885. [PMID: 36113550 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.114885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian transglutaminase 2 exhibits poor long-term stability in solution. Reconstituting lyophilized transglutaminase 2 in solutions containing dithiothreitol and EDTA alone and together with glycerol stabilizes the activity of this enzyme for several weeks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - James M Kelly
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, United States
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
Celiac disease (CeD) is a chronic gluten-induced enteropathy with plethoric manifestations. The typical manifestations of CeD such as chronic diarrhea and malabsorption are widely recognized, however, many patients have atypical manifestations like iron deficiency anemia, idiopathic short stature, hypertransaminesemia or infertility, etc. These patients often present to the primary care physicians and/or non-gastrointestinal specialties. However, due to a lack of awareness among the healthcare professionals about the various atypical manifestations, many patients are not screened for CeD. In this review, we have summarized the available literature about the prevalence of CeD in various gastrointestinal (chronic diarrhea) and non-gastrointestinal conditions (iron deficiency anemia, short stature, cryptogenic hypertransaminesemia, cryptogenic cirrhosis or idiopathic ataxia etc.) where the diagnosis of CeD should be con-sidered. In addition, we also discuss special scenarios where screening for CeD should be considered even in absence of symptoms such as patients with type 1 diabetes, Down’s syndrome, and first-degree relatives of patients with CeD. Further, we discuss the diagnostic performance and limitations of various screening tests for CeD such as IgA anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies, anti-endomysial antibodies and anti-deamidated gliadin antibodies. Based on the current recommendations, we propose a diagnostic algorithm for patients with suspected CeD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Singh
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | | | - Vineet Ahuja
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Govind K Makharia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Ajdani M, Mortazavi N, Besharat S, Mohammadi S, Amiriani T, Sohrabi A, Norouzi A, Edris G. Serum and salivary tissue transglutaminase IGA (tTG-IGA) level in celiac patients. BMC Gastroenterol 2022; 22:375. [PMID: 35933327 PMCID: PMC9357310 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-022-02456-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Celiac disease (CD) is a genetically determined autoimmune disease triggered by gluten consumption. Patients with these conditions have intraepithelial lymphocytosis, crypt hyperplasia, and severe intestinal atrophy. Gluten elimination is the only way to reduce this chronic inflammation. The diagnosis of CD is usually made by analyzing anti-tTG, anti-DGP, or EMA serological tests, and it is confirmed by biopsy of the duodenum. In people with CD, xerostomia or dry mouth is a common complication. This condition causes the salivary glands to malfunction and, in turn, may result in oral plaque and periodontal disease. By comparing salivary and serum levels of tissue transglutaminase IgA (tTG-IgA), this study aims to suggest a non-invasive method for diagnosis of CD. Furthermore, the present study evaluates the severity of xerostomia symptoms in people with CD. METHODS In this case-control study, participants were patients referred to the internal ward of Sayyad Shirazi hospital. The control group was selected from healthy people who attended Gorgan Dental College. In this study, an analysis of serum was performed following consent from patients. This was followed by a salivary test, and the results of both tests were compared. The Xerostomia Inventory questionnaire was also used to determine the severity of xerostomia. As part of this study, examination of factors such as total protein concentration of saliva, albumin concentration, amylase level, pH, sodium, calcium, potassium, phosphorus, and interleukin (6, 18, and 21) were conducted. RESULTS A total of 78 people were studied (aged 15 to 68), 26 were male (33.3%) and 52 were female (66.7%). In comparisons of the serum and saliva of people with and without CD, the level of amylase was higher in the latter group. The average levels of IL-6، IL-18 ،IL-21, and salivary and serum tTG were higher in people with CD. Additionally, CD patients were more likely to develop xerostomia. CONCLUSION Study findings showed that CD can reduce certain salivary enzymes and elements, as well as increase inflammatory cytokines, salivary, and serum tTG. The management of dry mouth should also be recommended for celiac disease patients in order to prevent its complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Ajdani
- Dental Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Nazanin Mortazavi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran, P.O. Box 4916953363.
| | - Sima Besharat
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Saeed Mohammadi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Taghi Amiriani
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Sohrabi
- Cancer Control Research Center, Cancer Control Foundation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Norouzi
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ghezeljeh Edris
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Hård af Segerstad EM, Liu X, Uusitalo U, Agardh D, Andrén Aronsson C. Sources of dietary gluten in the first 2 years of life and associations with celiac disease autoimmunity and celiac disease in Swedish genetically predisposed children: The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study. Am J Clin Nutr 2022; 116:394-403. [PMID: 35394004 PMCID: PMC9348971 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High gluten intake is associated with increased risk of celiac disease (CD) in children at genetic risk. OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate if different dietary gluten sources up to age 2 y confer different risks of celiac disease autoimmunity (CDA) and CD in children at genetic risk. METHODS Three-day food records were collected at ages 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 mo from 2088 Swedish genetically at-risk children participating in a 15-y follow-up cohort study on type 1 diabetes and CD. Screening for CD was performed with tissue transglutaminase autoantibodies (tTGA). The primary outcome was CDA, defined as persistent tTGA positivity. The secondary outcome was CD, defined as having a biopsy specimen showing Marsh score ≥ 2 or an averaged tTGA level ≥ 100 Units. Cox regression adjusted for total gluten intake estimated HRs with 95% CIs for daily intake of gluten sources. RESULTS During follow-up, 487 (23.3%) children developed CDA and 242 (11.6%) developed CD. Daily intake of ≤158 g porridge at age 9 mo was associated with increased risk of CDA (HR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.05, 2.23; P = 0.026) compared with no intake. A high daily bread intake (>18.3 g) at age 12 mo was associated with increased risk of both CDA (HR: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.05, 2.05; P = 0.023) and CD (HR: 1.79; 95% CI: 1.10, 2.91; P = 0.019) compared with no intake. At age 18 mo, milk cereal drink was associated with an increased risk of CD (HR: 1.16; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.33; P = 0.047) per 200-g/d increased intake. No association was found for other gluten sources up to age 24 mo and risk of CDA or CD. CONCLUSIONS High daily intakes of bread at age 12 mo and of milk cereal drink during the second year of life are associated with increased risk of both CDA and CD in genetically at-risk children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiang Liu
- Health Informatics Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Morsani Collage of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ulla Uusitalo
- Health Informatics Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Morsani Collage of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Daniel Agardh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Parveen S, Hossain MI, Sarker MN, Raman MZ, Karim AB. Histopathological Evaluation of Endoscopic Duodenal Biopsies in Children with Coeliac Disease and its Correlation with Tissue Transglutaminase Level. Mymensingh Med J 2022; 31:704-710. [PMID: 35780354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This cross sectional, descriptive study was conducted at Paediatrics department of BSMMU from July 2016 to June 2018 to find out histopathological pattern of Coeliac disease according to Modified Marsh criteria and to correlate it with tissue transglutaminase IgA level. A total of 62 children (age <18 years) attending the Paediatrics department of BSMMU with clinical suspicion of celiac disease were enrolled for the study. Mean age of studied children was 7.87±4.67 years. Ratio of the male and female was 2.27:1. Maximum (66.1%) children came from middle income class family. Out of 62 children, 35.5% (22) were positive for IgA anti-tTG of who female were 11.3% and male 24.2%. Mean duration of symptoms was 44.07±21.77 months in serology positive patients and 34.49±30.52 months in serology negative patients. The age group, 10-14 year showed the highest (50.0%) prevalence of positive anti-tTG. In the tTG positive group mean Hb was 9.6±1.14gm/dl and which is lower than that in tTG negative group (11.7±1.47gm/dl). Among 22 sero-positive patients, histological changes compatible with CD were found in 19 (86.3%) cases and normal in 3 cases. Histological changes were of 3a category of Marsh was found in 12(63.2%) cases, 3b in 4(21.1%) cases and 3c in 3(15.8%) cases. Strong correlation was observed between the serological level of tTGA and histological types of CD by Modified Marsh criteria. In conclusion, screening for celiac disease may be included in diagnostic tests to investigate clinically suspected children and serum tTGA level can be used to predict histopathological severity of coeliac disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Parveen
- Dr Shohely Parveen, Medical Officer, Department of Paediatrics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Sima LE, Matei D, Condello S. The Outside-In Journey of Tissue Transglutaminase in Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11111779. [PMID: 35681474 PMCID: PMC9179582 DOI: 10.3390/cells11111779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue transglutaminase (TG2) is a member of the transglutaminase family that catalyzes Ca2+-dependent protein crosslinks and hydrolyzes guanosine 5′-triphosphate (GTP). The conformation and functions of TG2 are regulated by Ca2+ and GTP levels; the TG2 enzymatically active open conformation is modulated by high Ca2+ concentrations, while high intracellular GTP promotes the closed conformation, with inhibition of the TG-ase activity. TG2’s unique characteristics and its ubiquitous distribution in the intracellular compartment, coupled with its secretion in the extracellular matrix, contribute to modulate the functions of the protein. Its aberrant expression has been observed in several cancer types where it was linked to metastatic progression, resistance to chemotherapy, stemness, and worse clinical outcomes. The N-terminal domain of TG2 binds to the 42 kDa gelatin-binding domain of fibronectin with high affinity, facilitating the formation of a complex with β-integrins, essential for cellular adhesion to the matrix. This mechanism allows TG2 to interact with key matrix proteins and to regulate epithelial to mesenchymal transition and stemness. Here, we highlight the current knowledge on TG2 involvement in cancer, focusing on its roles translating extracellular cues into activation of oncogenic programs. Improved understanding of these mechanisms could lead to new therapeutic strategies targeting this multi-functional protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Livia Elena Sima
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry of the Romanian Academy, 060031 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Daniela Matei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;
- Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Salvatore Condello
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Büchold C, Hils M, Gerlach U, Weber J, Pelzer C, Heil A, Aeschlimann D, Pasternack R. Features of ZED1227: The First-In-Class Tissue Transglutaminase Inhibitor Undergoing Clinical Evaluation for the Treatment of Celiac Disease. Cells 2022; 11:cells11101667. [PMID: 35626704 PMCID: PMC9139979 DOI: 10.3390/cells11101667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
ZED1227 is a small molecule tissue transglutaminase (TG2) inhibitor. The compound selectively binds to the active state of TG2, forming a stable covalent bond with the cysteine in its catalytic center. The molecule was designed for the treatment of celiac disease. Celiac disease is an autoimmune-mediated chronic inflammatory condition of the small intestine affecting about 1–2% of people in Caucasian populations. The autoimmune disease is triggered by dietary gluten. Consumption of staple foods containing wheat, barley, or rye leads to destruction of the small intestinal mucosa in genetically susceptible individuals, and this is accompanied by the generation of characteristic TG2 autoantibodies. TG2 plays a causative role in the pathogenesis of celiac disease. Upon activation by Ca2+, it catalyzes the deamidation of gliadin peptides as well as the crosslinking of gliadin peptides to TG2 itself. These modified biological structures trigger breaking of oral tolerance to gluten, self-tolerance to TG2, and the activation of cytotoxic immune cells in the gut mucosa. Recently, in an exploratory proof-of-concept study, ZED1227 administration clinically validated TG2 as a “druggable” target in celiac disease. Here, we describe the specific features and profiling data of the drug candidate ZED1227. Further, we give an outlook on TG2 inhibition as a therapeutic approach in indications beyond celiac disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Büchold
- Zedira GmbH, Roesslerstrasse 83, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany; (C.B.); (M.H.); (J.W.); (C.P.); (A.H.)
| | - Martin Hils
- Zedira GmbH, Roesslerstrasse 83, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany; (C.B.); (M.H.); (J.W.); (C.P.); (A.H.)
| | - Uwe Gerlach
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, UG Serves as External Consultant for Medicinal Chemistry to Zedira, 65926 Frankfurt, Germany;
| | - Johannes Weber
- Zedira GmbH, Roesslerstrasse 83, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany; (C.B.); (M.H.); (J.W.); (C.P.); (A.H.)
| | - Christiane Pelzer
- Zedira GmbH, Roesslerstrasse 83, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany; (C.B.); (M.H.); (J.W.); (C.P.); (A.H.)
| | - Andreas Heil
- Zedira GmbH, Roesslerstrasse 83, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany; (C.B.); (M.H.); (J.W.); (C.P.); (A.H.)
| | - Daniel Aeschlimann
- Matrix Biology & Tissue Repair Research Unit, School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XY, Wales, UK;
| | - Ralf Pasternack
- Zedira GmbH, Roesslerstrasse 83, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany; (C.B.); (M.H.); (J.W.); (C.P.); (A.H.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Lénárt K, Bankó C, Ujlaki G, Póliska S, Kis G, Csősz É, Antal M, Bacso Z, Bai P, Fésüs L, Mádi A. Tissue Transglutaminase Knock-Out Preadipocytes and Beige Cells of Epididymal Fat Origin Possess Decreased Mitochondrial Functions Required for Thermogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095175. [PMID: 35563567 PMCID: PMC9105016 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Beige adipocytes with thermogenic function are activated during cold exposure in white adipose tissue through the process of browning. These cells, similar to brown adipocytes, dissipate stored chemical energy in the form of heat with the help of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). Recently, we have shown that tissue transglutaminase (TG2) knock-out mice have decreased cold tolerance in parallel with lower utilization of their epididymal adipose tissue and reduced browning. To learn more about the thermogenic function of this fat depot, we isolated preadipocytes from the epididymal adipose tissue of wild-type and TG2 knock-out mice and differentiated them in the beige direction. Although differentiation of TG2 knock-out preadipocytes is phenotypically similar to the wild-type cells, the mitochondria of the knock-out beige cells have multiple impairments including an altered electron transport system generating lower electrochemical potential difference, reduced oxygen consumption, lower UCP1 protein content, and a higher portion of fragmented mitochondria. Most of these differences are present in preadipocytes as well, and the differentiation process cannot overcome the functional disadvantages completely. TG2 knock-out beige adipocytes produce more iodothyronine deiodinase 3 (DIO3) which may inactivate thyroid hormones required for the establishment of optimal mitochondrial function. The TG2 knock-out preadipocytes and beige cells are both hypometabolic as compared with the wild-type controls which may also be explained by the lower expression of solute carrier proteins SLC25A45, SLC25A47, and SLC25A42 which transport acylcarnitine, Co-A, and amino acids into the mitochondrial matrix. As a consequence, the mitochondria in TG2 knock-out beige adipocytes probably cannot reach the energy-producing threshold required for normal thermogenic functions, which may contribute to the decreased cold tolerance of TG2 knock-out mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Lénárt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem ter 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (K.L.); (S.P.); (É.C.); (L.F.)
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem ter 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Csaba Bankó
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem ter 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem ter 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Gyula Ujlaki
- NKFIH-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem ter 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.U.); (P.B.)
| | - Szilárd Póliska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem ter 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (K.L.); (S.P.); (É.C.); (L.F.)
| | - Gréta Kis
- Department of Anatomy, Histology Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem ter 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.K.); (M.A.)
| | - Éva Csősz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem ter 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (K.L.); (S.P.); (É.C.); (L.F.)
| | - Miklós Antal
- Department of Anatomy, Histology Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem ter 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.K.); (M.A.)
| | - Zsolt Bacso
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem ter 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Péter Bai
- NKFIH-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem ter 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.U.); (P.B.)
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem ter 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - László Fésüs
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem ter 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (K.L.); (S.P.); (É.C.); (L.F.)
| | - András Mádi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem ter 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (K.L.); (S.P.); (É.C.); (L.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-52-416-432; Fax: +36-52-314-989
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Poole LG, Kopec AK, Flick MJ, Luyendyk JP. Cross-linking by tissue transglutaminase-2 alters fibrinogen-directed macrophage proinflammatory activity. J Thromb Haemost 2022; 20:1182-1192. [PMID: 35158413 PMCID: PMC9035112 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The blood coagulation factor fibrin(ogen) can modulate inflammation by altering leukocyte activity. Analyses of fibrin(ogen)-mediated proinflammatory activity have largely focused on leukocyte integrin binding activity revealed by conversion of fibrinogen to a stabilized fibrin polymer by blood coagulation enzymes. In addition to coagulation enzymes, fibrinogen is a substrate for tissue transglutaminase-2 (TG2), a widely expressed enzyme that produces unique fibrinogen Aα-γ chain cross-linked products. OBJECTIVES We tested the hypothesis that TG2 dependent cross-linking alters the proinflammatory activity of surface-adhered fibrinogen. METHODS Mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were cultured on tissue culture plates coated with fibrinogen or TG2-cross-linked fibrinogen (10 µg/ml) and then stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 ng/ml) or vehicle for various times. RESULTS In the absence of LPS stimulation, TG2-cross-linked fibrin(ogen) enhanced inflammatory gene induction (e.g., Tnfα) compared with unmodified fibrinogen. LPS stimulation induced mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation, IκBα degradation, and expression of proinflammatory cytokines (e.g., tumor necrosis factor α) within 60 min. This initial cellular activation was unaffected by unmodified or TG2-cross-linked fibrinogen. In contrast, LPS induction of interleukin-10 mRNA and protein and STAT3 phosphorylation was selectively attenuated by TG2-cross-linked fibrinogen, which was associated with enhanced proinflammatory cytokine secretion by LPS-stimulated BMDMs at later time points (6 and 24 h). CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that atypical cross-linking by TG2 imparts unique proinflammatory activity to surface-adhered fibrinogen. The results suggest a novel coagulation-independent mechanism controlling fibrinogen-directed macrophage activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren G. Poole
- Department of Pathobiology & Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Anna K. Kopec
- Department of Pathobiology & Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Matthew J. Flick
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UNC Blood Research Center, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - James P. Luyendyk
- Department of Pathobiology & Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| |
Collapse
|