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Ben-Shlomo S, Kabizon-Perry O. On the Way to Adulthood: Factors Contributing to the Life Satisfaction of Young Israeli Modern Orthodox Women. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2023; 62:3364-3381. [PMID: 37191744 PMCID: PMC10187507 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-023-01832-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Drawing on ecological theory, the current study examined the associations of religious versus secular environments, relationship with the mother, and personal characteristics (religious coping strategies; self-mastery; sexual self-concept) with the life satisfaction of Israeli Young Modern Orthodox women and a comparison group of secular women. A sample of 362 women aged 18-29 completed quantitative questionnaires. High levels of sexual self-concept and self-mastery, positive religious coping strategies, and supportive relationship with the mother were associated with higher life satisfaction. Supportive relationships with mothers moderated the association between religious coping strategies and life satisfaction. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Ben-Shlomo
- The Louis and Gabi Weisfeld School of Social Work, Bar Ilan University, 52900, Ramat Gan, Israel.
| | - Oneg Kabizon-Perry
- The Louis and Gabi Weisfeld School of Social Work, Bar Ilan University, 52900, Ramat Gan, Israel
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2
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Lan X. Perceived parenting styles, cognitive flexibility, and prosocial behavior in Chinese Youth with an immigrant background: A three-group comparison. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03140-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Previous research has revealed cross-cultural differences in parenting styles and in how these may relate to adolescents’ prosocial behavior. Nevertheless, little is known about the role of cognitive flexibility – a key component of executive function –and the immigration context in these associations. Using a person-centered approach, the current study aimed to (1) explore perceived parenting profiles among Chinese immigrant-origin youth in Italy in comparison to their nonimmigrant ethnic majority peers in the country of origin (China) and in the country of destination (Italy), and (2) examine the moderating role of cognitive flexibility in the expected parenting-prosocial behavior link in the three cultural groups. Participants (N = 444; M (Age) = 11.88 years; SD = 1.08; 50.7% girls; 27.4% Chinese immigrant-origin, 35.4% Chinese ethnic majority; 37.2% Italian ethnic majority) completed a parenting questionnaire and a computerized cognitive flexibility task, while teachers rated their prosocial behavior. Latent profile analysis revealed three perceived parenting styles: “harsh” (15.8%), “supportive” (40.5%), and “strict-affectionate” (43.7%). Chinese immigrant-origin, Italian ethnic majority, and Chinese ethnic majority youths were overrepresented in each of these profiles, respectively. In regression analyses, the association between parenting profiles and prosocial behavior varied as a function of adolescents’ cognitive flexibility and cultural group. Specifically, cognitive flexibility strengthened the supportive parenting-prosocial behavior link for Chinese immigrant-origin youth, and buffered against the detrimental effect of harsh parenting on prosocial behavior for their Italian ethnic majority peers. Findings emphasize the influence of cultural and immigration-related factors on adolescents’ perceived parenting styles, and provide further evidence for the beneficial role of cognitive flexibility in the positive adjustment of youth with and without an immigrant background.
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Openness to Experience Moderates the Association of Warmth Profiles and Subjective Well-Being in Left-Behind and Non-Left-Behind Youth. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19074103. [PMID: 35409784 PMCID: PMC8998741 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Crouched in the socioecological framework, the present research compared the subjective well-being of left-behind youth with their non-left-behind peers. Furthermore, this research investigated the association of parental warmth and teacher warmth using a person-centered approach with adolescents’ subjective well-being on the whole sample, and examined its conditional processes by ascertaining the moderating role of openness to experience and left-behind status in this association. A total of 246 left-behind youth (53.6% girls; Mage = 15.77; SD = 1.50) and 492 socio-demographically matched, non-left-behind peers (55.1% girls; Mage = 15.91; SD = 1.43) was involved in this study. During school hours, these adolescents were uniformly instructed to complete a set of self-report questionnaires. The results from ANCOVA exhibited no significant differences in subjective well-being between these two groups of youth. Moreover, four warmth profiles were revealed: congruent low, congruent highest, congruent lowest, and incongruent moderate, and youth within the congruent highest profile were more likely than the other three profiles to report higher subjective well-being. Additionally, moderation analyses demonstrated that high openness was one protective factor for subjective well-being, when left-behind youth perceived the lowest levels of parental warmth and teacher warmth congruently. These findings indicate that left-behind youth may not be psychologically disadvantaged in terms of positive psychosocial outcomes, such as subjective well-being, and school activities or social initiatives emphasizing openness to experience would be essential for them to facilitate positive adaptive patterns after parental migration.
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4
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Lan X. Perceived parental warmth, emotional awareness, and positive adjustment profiles in Chinese and Italian early adolescents: A person‐centered approach. J Adolesc 2022; 94:206-223. [DOI: 10.1002/jad.12018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Lan
- Promenta Research Center, Department of Psychology, Promenta Research Center University of Oslo Oslo Norway
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5
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Exploring psychosocial adjustment profiles in Chinese adolescents from divorced families: The interplay of parental attachment and adolescent’s gender. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-020-01097-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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6
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Cerniglia L, Cimino S, Bevilacqua A, Ballarotto G, Marzilli E, Adriani W, Tambelli R. Patterns of DNA methylation at specific loci of the dopamine transporter 1 gene and psychopathological risk in trios of mothers, fathers and children. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/17405629.2020.1816166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Cerniglia
- Faculty of Psychology, International Telematic University Uninettuno, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Cimino
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Arturo Bevilacqua
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Research Center in Neurobiology Daniel Bovet” (Crin), Rome, Italy
- Systems Biology Group Lab, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Ballarotto
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Marzilli
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Walter Adriani
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Renata Tambelli
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Ato E, Fernández-Vilar MÁ, Galián MD. Relation Between Temperament and School Adjustment in Spanish Children: A Person-Centered Approach. Front Psychol 2020; 11:250. [PMID: 32140131 PMCID: PMC7042392 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine from a person-centered approach the impact of temperament on academic achievement and sociometric status in a sample of 6-7-year-old Spanish children. To measure children's temperament in early childhood, parents were given TMCQ (Temperament in Middle Childhood Questionnaire), while sociometric status and academic achievement were requested for children's teachers. Using latent profile analysis (LPA) four temperament profiles were found. Children belonged to the "Negative/Undercontrolled" profile showed a higher probability of academic failure and were more rejected, and children included in the profile "Sociable/High regulated" showed higher academic scores and a lower probability of being rejected by their peers. Several implications in the Spanish educational context are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester Ato
- Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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Ma CM, Lai CC. Mental health profile and health-related behavior among Hong Kong Chinese university students. Health Psychol Open 2018; 5:2055102918786869. [PMID: 30083371 PMCID: PMC6069034 DOI: 10.1177/2055102918786869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
To better understand factors that are associated with individuals’ engagement in
physical activity and other health-related behaviors, this study aimed to
identify the psychological well-being profiles among Chinese university
students, and explore whether engagement in physical activity and other
health-related behaviors vary with different psychological well-being profiles.
A battery of self-report questionnaires was completed by 2022 Chinese university
students for assessing psychological well-being and health-related behaviors.
Four psychological well-being profiles were identified. The vast students were
mentally healthy. The students with better mental health displayed lower
likelihood of engagement in unhealthy behaviors. Findings and implication of the
study were discussed.
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Kagitcibasi C, Baydar N, Cemalcilar Z. Supporting positive development in early adolescence: A school-based intervention in Turkey. APPLIED DEVELOPMENTAL SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/10888691.2018.1457962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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10
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Heerde JA, Hemphill SA. Examination of associations between informal help-seeking behavior, social support, and adolescent psychosocial outcomes: A meta-analysis. DEVELOPMENTAL REVIEW 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dr.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Carroll A, Houghton S, Wood R, Perkins C, Bower J. Multidimensional Self-Concept. SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY INTERNATIONAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0143034307078106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The present research examined the relationship between self-concept and level of involvement in delinquent activities of 1327 (612 males, 715 females) years 8—12 high school students. Through cluster analysis, participants were identified as having either high or low involvement in delinquent activities from scores on a self-report measure of delinquency. Three multidimensional areas of self-concept (classroom, peer and confidence) were investigated, because of previous findings indicating discrepancies in these three dimensions for adolescent involvement in delinquent activities. Four, two-way multi-variate analyses of variance were conducted across the three self-concept dimensions for Gender, Year Level, and involvement in Delinquent Activities. Students highly involved in delinquent activities reported significantly lower classroom, peer and confidence self-concepts. For gender and year level effects, males reported significantly higher confidence self-concept while females scored significantly higher on peer self-concept. There were significant differences among year levels with a general decline in confidence self-concept with age but for classroom and peer self-concept, no clear age trends were evident. The results indicate the importance of considering multidimensional self-concept when examining adolescents' involvement in delinquent activities and incorporating self-concept enhancement strategies in intervention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemaree Carroll
- School of Education, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia,
| | - Stephen Houghton
- Graduate School of Education, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Robert Wood
- School of Business, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Catherine Perkins
- School of Education, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Julie Bower
- School of Education, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Boislard MA, van de Bongardt D, Blais M. Sexuality (and Lack Thereof) in Adolescence and Early Adulthood: A Review of the Literature. Behav Sci (Basel) 2016; 6:E8. [PMID: 26999225 PMCID: PMC4810042 DOI: 10.3390/bs6010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Youth sexuality has been primarily studied with a focus on its potential public health issues, such as sexually transmitted infections and unwanted pregnancies, and its comorbidity with other risky behaviors. More recently, it has been studied as a normative step in romantic partnerships, either pre- or post-marital, as well as outside the context of romantic involvement. In this paper, we review the extensive literature on sexuality in adolescence and early adulthood both within and outside romantic relationships (i.e., casual sexual relationships and experiences; CSREs). Furthermore, the recent recognition of youth sexuality as a developmental task has led to a renewed interest from scholars in youth who abstain from sexual encounters, whether deliberately or not. A brief overview of the literature on cultural differences in sexuality, and sexual-minority youth sexual development is also provided. This paper concludes by suggesting future directions to bring the field of youth sexuality and romantic relationships forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Aude Boislard
- Département de Sexologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Case postale 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada.
| | - Daphne van de Bongardt
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education (YIELD), University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 15776, Amsterdam 1001 NG, The Netherlands.
| | - Martin Blais
- Département de Sexologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Case postale 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada.
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Brents LK, Tripathi SP, Young J, James GA, Kilts CD. The role of childhood maltreatment in the altered trait and global expression of personality in cocaine addiction. J Psychiatr Res 2015; 64:23-31. [PMID: 25805246 PMCID: PMC4404225 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Drug addictions are debilitating disorders that are highly associated with personality abnormalities. Early life stress (ELS) is a common risk factor for addiction and personality disturbances, but the relationships between ELS, addiction, and personality are poorly understood. METHODS Ninety-five research participants were assessed for and grouped by ELS history and cocaine dependence. NEO-FFI personality measures were compared between the groups to define ELS- and addiction-related differences in personality traits. ELS and cocaine dependence were then examined as predictors of personality trait scores. Finally, k-means clustering was used to uncover clusters of personality trait configurations within the sample. Odds of cluster membership across subject groups was then determined. RESULTS Trait expression differed significantly across subject groups. Cocaine-dependent subjects with a history of ELS (cocaine+/ELS+) displayed the greatest deviations in normative personality. Cocaine dependence significantly predicted four traits, while ELS predicted neuroticism and agreeableness; there was no interaction effect between ELS and cocaine dependence. The cluster analysis identified four distinct personality profiles: Open, Gregarious, Dysphoric, and Closed. Distribution of these profiles across subject groups differed significantly. Inclusion in cocaine+/ELS+, cocaine-/ELS+, and cocaine-/ELS- groups significantly increased the odds of expressing the Dysphoric, Open and Gregarious profiles, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Cocaine dependence and early life stress were significantly and differentially associated with altered expression of individual personality traits and their aggregation as personality profiles, suggesting that individuals who are at-risk for developing addictions due to ELS exposure may benefit from personality centered approaches as an early intervention and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Clinton D Kilts
- Brain Imaging Research Center, Psychiatric Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
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Ritchwood TD, Howell RJ, Traylor AC, Church WT, Bolland JM. Change in Age-Specific, Psychosocial Correlates of Risky Sexual Behaviors Among Youth: Longitudinal Findings From a Deep South, High-Risk Sample. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND FAMILY STUDIES 2014; 23:1366-1377. [PMID: 26388682 PMCID: PMC4574299 DOI: 10.1007/s10826-013-9794-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The current study examined psychosocial predictors of change in intercourse frequency and number of sexual partners among youth within a socio-ecological framework and assessed whether these determinants vary by stage of adolescent development. Longitudinal data were derived from a large, community study of adolescent risky behavior among predominantly high-risk, African American youth. Significant predictors of intercourse frequency for early adolescents included age, gender, self-worth, and familial factors; for older youth, age, gender, self-worth, curfews, and sense of community exerted significant effects. Among early adolescents, age, gender, self-worth, familial factors, and sense of community predicted change in the number of sexual partners in the previous year, while age, gender, self-worth, parental knowledge, curfews, and sense of community were predictive of change in the number of sexual partners in the previous year among older youth. Study implications and future directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiarney D. Ritchwood
- Center for Health Equity Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 725 Martin Luther King Jr Blvd, CB#7590, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7590, USA
| | - Rebecca J. Howell
- Department of Criminal Justice, Charleston Southern University, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
| | - Amy C. Traylor
- School of Social Work, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - Wesley T. Church
- School of Social Work, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - John M. Bolland
- College of Human Environmental Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
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Ritchwood TD, Traylor AC, Howell RJ, Church WT, Bolland JM. SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL PREDICTORS OF INTERCOURSE FREQUENCY AND NUMBER OF SEXUAL PARTNERS AMONG MALE AND FEMALE AFRICAN AMERICAN ADOLESCENTS. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2014; 42:765-781. [PMID: 26401060 PMCID: PMC4577065 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.21651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The current study examined 14 waves of data derived from a large, community-based study of the sexual behavior of impoverished youth between 12 and 17 years of age residing in the Deep South. We used multilevel linear modeling to identify ecological predictors of intercourse frequency and number of sexual partners among gender-specific subsamples. Results indicated that predictors of adolescent sexual behavior differed by both type of sexual behavior and gender. For males, age, maternal warmth, parental knowledge, curfew, self-worth, and sense of community predicted intercourse frequency, while age, parental knowledge, curfew, self-worth, friend support, and sense of community were significantly associated with having multiple sexual partners. Among females, age, curfew, and self-worth exerted significant effects on intercourse frequency, while age, parental knowledge, curfew, and self-worth exerted significant effects on having multiple sexual partners. Implications and future directions are discussed.
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16
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Heerde JA. Temporal patterns and psychosocial consequences of adolescent help-seeking behaviour. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENCE AND YOUTH 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/02673843.2013.767744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Kossek EE, Ruderman MN, Braddy PW, Hannum KM. Work–nonwork boundary management profiles: A person-centered approach. JOURNAL OF VOCATIONAL BEHAVIOR 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvb.2012.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Wessman J, Schönauer S, Miettunen J, Turunen H, Parviainen P, Seppänen JK, Congdon E, Service S, Koiranen M, Ekelund J, Laitinen J, Taanila A, Tammelin T, Hintsanen M, Pulkki-Råback L, Keltikangas-Järvinen L, Viikari J, Raitakari OT, Joukamaa M, Järvelin MR, Freimer N, Peltonen L, Veijola J, Mannila H, Paunio T. Temperament clusters in a normal population: implications for health and disease. PLoS One 2012; 7:e33088. [PMID: 22815673 PMCID: PMC3399883 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2011] [Accepted: 02/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The object of this study was to identify temperament patterns in the Finnish population, and to determine the relationship between these profiles and life habits, socioeconomic status, and health. Methods/Principal Findings A cluster analysis of the Temperament and Character Inventory subscales was performed on 3,761 individuals from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 and replicated on 2,097 individuals from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns study. Clusters were formed using the k-means method and their relationship with 115 variables from the areas of life habits, socioeconomic status and health was examined. Results Four clusters were identified for both genders. Individuals from Cluster I are characterized by high persistence, low extravagance and disorderliness. They have healthy life habits, and lowest scores in most of the measures for psychiatric disorders. Cluster II individuals are characterized by low harm avoidance and high novelty seeking. They report the best physical capacity and highest level of income, but also high rate of divorce, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Individuals from Cluster III are not characterized by any extreme characteristic. Individuals from Cluster IV are characterized by high levels of harm avoidance, low levels of exploratory excitability and attachment, and score the lowest in most measures of health and well-being. Conclusions This study shows that the temperament subscales do not distribute randomly but have an endogenous structure, and that these patterns have strong associations to health, life events, and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaana Wessman
- Helsinki Institute for Information Technology and Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland and National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Stefan Schönauer
- Helsinki Institute for Information Technology and Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Hannu Turunen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland and National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pekka Parviainen
- Helsinki Institute for Information Technology and Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jouni K. Seppänen
- Helsinki Institute for Information Technology and Department of Information and Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Eliza Congdon
- University of California Los Angeles Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Susan Service
- University of California Los Angeles Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Markku Koiranen
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jesper Ekelund
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland and National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaana Laitinen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anja Taanila
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Unit of General Practice, University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tuija Tammelin
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
- LIKES Research Center for Sport and Health Sciences, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Mirka Hintsanen
- Department of Psychology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | - Jorma Viikari
- Department of Medicine, Turku University Central Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Olli T. Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Turku University Central Hospital, and Research Center of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Matti Joukamaa
- Tampere School of Public Health, University of Tampere, and Psychiatric Department, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Marjo-Riitta Järvelin
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom and Department of Public Health Science and General Practice, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Nelson Freimer
- University of California Los Angeles Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Leena Peltonen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland and National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juha Veijola
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Heikki Mannila
- Helsinki Institute for Information Technology and Department of Information and Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Tiina Paunio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland and National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- * E-mail:
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19
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Congdon E, Service S, Wessman J, Seppänen JK, Schönauer S, Miettunen J, Turunen H, Koiranen M, Joukamaa M, Järvelin MR, Peltonen L, Veijola J, Mannila H, Paunio T, Freimer NB. Early environment and neurobehavioral development predict adult temperament clusters. PLoS One 2012; 7:e38065. [PMID: 22815688 PMCID: PMC3399831 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0038065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 04/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Investigation of the environmental influences on human behavioral phenotypes is important for our understanding of the causation of psychiatric disorders. However, there are complexities associated with the assessment of environmental influences on behavior. Methods/Principal Findings We conducted a series of analyses using a prospective, longitudinal study of a nationally representative birth cohort from Finland (the Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort). Participants included a total of 3,761 male and female cohort members who were living in Finland at the age of 16 years and who had complete temperament scores. Our initial analyses (Wessman et al., in press) provide evidence in support of four stable and robust temperament clusters. Using these temperament clusters, as well as independent temperament dimensions for comparison, we conducted a data-driven analysis to assess the influence of a broad set of life course measures, assessed pre-natally, in infancy, and during adolescence, on adult temperament. Results Measures of early environment, neurobehavioral development, and adolescent behavior significantly predict adult temperament, classified by both cluster membership and temperament dimensions. Specifically, our results suggest that a relatively consistent set of life course measures are associated with adult temperament profiles, including maternal education, characteristics of the family’s location and residence, adolescent academic performance, and adolescent smoking. Conclusions Our finding that a consistent set of life course measures predict temperament clusters indicate that these clusters represent distinct developmental temperament trajectories and that information about a subset of life course measures has implications for adult health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza Congdon
- University of California Los Angeles Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America.
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Do substance use risk personality dimensions predict the onset of substance use in early adolescence? A variable- and person-centered approach. J Youth Adolesc 2012; 41:1512-25. [PMID: 22623315 PMCID: PMC3473183 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-012-9775-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2011] [Accepted: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Various studies found personality to be related to substance use, but little attention is paid to the role of personality risk dimensions with regard to an early onset of alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana use. Therefore, the current study used a variable-centered approach to examine whether anxiety sensitivity, hopelessness, sensation seeking, and impulsivity predict the onset of alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana use in early adolescence. Additionally, we adopted a person-centered approach to examine whether different personality subgroups could be identified, and whether these subgroups would be predictive of substance use. For that purpose, longitudinal data of a broader effectiveness study were used from 758 early adolescents (53 % female) aged 11-14 years. Structural equation models showed that hopelessness and sensation seeking were predictive of having ever used alcohol and tobacco. Also, sensation seeking was predictive of marijuana use. Latent profile analyses on the first wave data revealed a three-profile solution for boys (i.e., resilients, internalizers, and externalizers) and a two-profile solution for girls (i.e., resilients and internalizers). In contrast to our expectation, further analyses revealed no significant differences in substance use between the different subprofiles for both boys and girls. The separate personality dimensions thus seem more relevant in predicting the onset of substance use compared to the personality profiles. However, the personality profiles might be informative in explaining more excessive substance use behaviors.
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Macarthur C, Konold TR, Glutting JJ, Alamprese JA. Subgroups of Adult Basic Education Learners with Different Profiles of Reading Skills. READING AND WRITING 2012; 25:587-609. [PMID: 22518070 PMCID: PMC3327123 DOI: 10.1007/s11145-010-9287-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify subgroups of adult basic education (ABE) learners with different profiles of skills in the core reading components of decoding, word recognition, spelling, fluency, and comprehension. The analysis uses factor scores of those 5 reading components from on a prior investigation of the reliability and construct validity of measures of reading component skills (MacArthur, Konold, Glutting, & Alamprese, 2010). In that investigation, confirmatory factor analysis found that a model with those 5 factors fit the data best and fit equally well for native and non-native English speakers. The study included 486 students, 334 born or educated in the United States (native) and 152 not born nor educated in the US (non-native) but who spoke English well enough to participate in English reading classes. The cluster analysis found an 8-cluster solution with good internal cohesion, external isolation, and replicability across subsamples. Of the 8 subgroups, 4 had relatively flat profiles (range of mean scores across factors < 0.5 SD), 2 had higher comprehension than decoding, and 2 had higher decoding than comprehension. Profiles were consistent with expectations regarding demographic factors. Non-native speakers were overrepresented in subgroups with relatively higher decoding and underrepresented in subgroups with relatively higher comprehension. Adults with self-reported learning disabilities were overrepresented in the lowest performing subgroup. Older adults and men were overrepresented in subgroups with lower performance. The study adds to the limited research on the reading skills of ABE learners and, from the perspective of practice, supports the importance of assessing component skills to plan instruction.
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Cole DA, Jacquez FM, LaGrange B, Pineda AQ, Truss AE, Weitlauf AS, Tilghman-Osborne C, Felton J, Garber J, Dallaire DH, Ciesla JA, Maxwell MA, Dufton L. A Longitudinal Study of Cognitive Risks for Depressive Symptoms in Children and Young Adolescents. THE JOURNAL OF EARLY ADOLESCENCE 2011; 31:782-816. [PMID: 25419034 PMCID: PMC4238295 DOI: 10.1177/0272431610376248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Youths with high (N = 52) or low cognitive vulnerability (N = 48) for depression were selected from a larger sample (N = 515) of students (7-10 years old), based on their attributional style (AS), negative cognitions (NC), and/or self-competence (SC). Long-term effects of cognitive vulnerabilities on depressive symptoms were examined in a 3-year, three-wave, multiinformant, longitudinal design. Three findings emerged. First, some empirical overlap exists among these three types of cognitive diatheses, especially between NC and SC. Second, the combination of AS, NC, and SC had a significant (but diminishing) relationship to depressive symptoms at 6, 18, and 30 months, primarily due to NC and SC, not AS. Third, interactions between cognitive risk and life events were not significant, suggesting an additive type of diathesis-stress model for depression in young adolescents.
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Udell W, Sandfort T, Reitz E, Bos H, Dekovic M. The relationship between early sexual debut and psychosocial outcomes: a longitudinal study of Dutch adolescents. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2010; 39:1133-45. [PMID: 20119696 PMCID: PMC2914269 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-009-9590-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2008] [Revised: 11/13/2009] [Accepted: 11/13/2009] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
In a longitudinal dataset of 470 Dutch adolescents, the current study examined the ways in which early sexual initiation was related to subsequent attachment, self-perception, internalizing problems, and externalizing problems. For male adolescents, analyses revealed general attachment to mother and externalizing problems at Wave 1 to predict to early transition at Wave 2. However, there was no differential change in these psychosocial factors over time for early initiators of sexual intercourse and their non-initiating peers. For female adolescents, the model including psychosocial factors at Wave 1 did not predict to sexual initiation at Wave 2. However, univariate repeated measures analyses revealed early initiators to have significantly larger increases in self-concept and externalizing problems than their non-initiating female peers. While the difference between female early initiators and non-initiators were statistically significant, the mean levels of problem behaviors were very low. The findings suggest that, contrary to previous research, early sexual initiation does not seem to be clustered with problem behaviors for this sample of Dutch adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wadiya Udell
- Department of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, University of Washington Bothell, Box 358511, 18115 Campus Way NE, Bothell, WA 98011, USA.
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Brookmeyer KA, Henrich CC. Disentangling Adolescent Pathways of Sexual Risk Taking. J Prim Prev 2009; 30:677-96. [DOI: 10.1007/s10935-009-0196-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Archambault I, Janosz M, Morizot J, Pagani L. Adolescent behavioral, affective, and cognitive engagement in school: relationship to dropout. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2009; 79:408-415. [PMID: 19691715 DOI: 10.1111/j.1746-1561.2009.00428.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High school dropout represents an important public health issue. This study assessed the 3 distinct dimensions of student engagement in high school and examined the relationships between the nature and course of such experiences and later dropout. METHODS We administered questionnaires to 13,330 students (44.7% boys) from 69 high schools in the province of Quebec (Canada). During 3 consecutive high school years, students reported their behavioral, emotional, and cognitive engagement to school. Information on later dropout status was obtained through official records. RESULTS Although many adolescents remained highly engaged in high school, one third reported changes, especially decreases in rule compliance, interest in school, and willingness to learn. Students reporting low engagement or important decrements in behavioral investment from the beginning of high school presented higher risks of later dropout. CONCLUSION School-based interventions should address the multiple facets of high school experiences to help adolescents successfully complete their basic schooling. Creating a positive social-emotional learning environment promises better adolescent achievement and, in turn, will contribute to a healthier lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Archambault
- University of Montreal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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Chen R, Simons-Morton B. Concurrent changes in conduct problems and depressive symptoms in early adolescents: a developmental person-centered approach. Dev Psychopathol 2009; 21:285-307. [PMID: 19144234 PMCID: PMC2629130 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579409000169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The co-occurrence of conduct problems (CP) and depressive symptoms (DS) is an important topic in developmental psychopathology; however, research in this area is still in its early stages. Using data from a school-based longitudinal sample of 2,453 adolescents with five waves from Grade 6 to 9, we examined the prevalence, etiology, and consequences of the co-occurrence of CP and DS. A person-centered approach, general growth mixture modeling, was applied to obtain CP and DS trajectory groups. The risk factors and consequences of the co-occurrence problem were examined using the trajectory groups. As hypothesized in a nonclinical sample, a small proportion of boys (8.8%) and girls (3.7%) reported to be high in both CP and DS over time. Among the adolescents with the highest level of CP, only 6.3% of the boys and 6.0% of the girls experienced the highest level of DS. However, among those with the highest level of DS trajectories, 42.9% of the boys and 10.2% of the girls reported the highest level of CP, indicating a gender-specific risk of the co-occurrence problem for depressed boys. Psychosocial and family factors were identified as vulnerable precursors to co-occurring CP and DS, a finding in line with the multiple domain risk model for CP and the transactional model for DS. The study also found that adolescents with the co-occurrence problem were more similar to those with "pure DS" than those with "pure CP" in academic adjustment at the ninth grade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rusan Chen
- Center for New Designs in Learning and Scholarship, 3520 Prospect Street, NW #314, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA.
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Smeekens S, Riksen-Walraven J, van Bakel HJ. Profiles of competence and adaptation in preschoolers as related to the quality of parent–child interaction. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PERSONALITY 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2008.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Cerdá M, Sánchez BN, Galea S, Tracy M, Buka SL. Estimating co-occurring behavioral trajectories within a neighborhood context: a case study of multivariate transition models for clustered data. Am J Epidemiol 2008; 168:1190-203. [PMID: 18849302 PMCID: PMC2732958 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwn241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Comorbidity is well-documented in psychiatric and risk behavior epidemiology. The authors present a novel application of clustered multivariate transition models to study comorbidity within a clustered context. The authors used data from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (1995-2002) to assess trajectories in substance use, problems with police, and antisocial behavior among 1,517 participants in 80 neighborhoods followed from ages 12-15 years through ages 18-21 years. The authors used pairwise odds ratios to quantify behavior comorbidity at the individual and neighborhood levels. Risk behaviors co-occurred within individuals at specific points in time: antisocial behavior and substance use were 3.37 times more likely to co-occur within an individual at wave 1, as compared with the co-occurrence of any 2 behaviors from different individuals, while substance use and police problems were 2.94 times more likely to co-occur than substance use and antisocial behavior at wave 2. The authors also evaluated sequential comorbidity. Antisocial behavior was sequentially comorbid with substance use and police problems: 31% of youths who had reported antisocial behavior at baseline reported police problems or drug use at wave 2. These models can prove instrumental in answering the persistent questions about possible sequential relations among problem behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Cerdá
- Center for Urban Epidemiologic Studies, New York Academy of Medicine, 1216 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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Atkinson TM, Konold TR, Glutting JJ. Patterns of memory: a normative taxonomy of the Wide Range Assessment of Memory and Learning-Second Edition (WRAML-2). J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2008; 14:869-77. [PMID: 18764982 PMCID: PMC5580350 DOI: 10.1017/s1355617708081137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Memory is arguably the most important function of cognition. When left undetected, memory impairments are linked to life long underachievement and negative social consequences. Given that the construct of memory is multidimensional, the current study examined patterns of multiple indicators associated with memory across individuals ranging in age from 5 to 85 years who had been administered the Wide Range Assessment of Memory and Learning-Second Edition (WRAML-2). Multistage cluster analysis with independent age replications was used to empirically identify normative profiles in a sample of (n = 1172) typically developing individuals. This procedure considered how various indicators of memory operate in concert by accounting for the nonlinear multivariate relationships among them. Results supported nine common (or core) profile types that satisfied all formal heuristic and statistical criteria, including complete coverage, satisfactory within-type homogeneity, between-type dissimilarity, and replicability. A summary of the defining characteristics for each profile is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Atkinson
- Department of Leadership, Foundations, and Policy, University of Virginia Curry School of Education, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
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Risk factor clustering for psychopathology in socially at-risk Spanish children. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2008; 43:559-68. [PMID: 18360734 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-008-0312-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2007] [Accepted: 01/16/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data based on general population studies of exposure-to-risk factors is not adequate to describe the mental health of children living in the most extreme "high-risk" environments. METHODS Data were collected in a longitudinal prospective study of two cohorts of 9 and 13 year-old socially at-risk children. Cluster analysis was used to classify youths based on the reports about potential areas of risk. The psychopathological structure of empirical clusters was compared through cross-sectional and longitudinal epidemiological indexes and through multiple regression and multivariate analysis of variance. RESULTS Cluster analysis provided eight binary high-low risk classifications. Exposure to risk was highly prevalent. In preadolescence, broken family, parenting style and contextual profiles were the highest risk factors for psychopathology. In adolescence, they were psychological variables, verbal comprehension, pre-peri-postnatal history, physical health and family characteristics. Cumulative risk followed a linear trend for psychopathology and functional impairment. The child's perception of low marital discord and good school achievement were protective factors. CONCLUSIONS Extreme socially at-risk populations have specific profiles of risk that can be identified through a person-centered approach and may be amenable to selective preventive interventions.
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Mun EY, Windle M, Schainker LM. A model-based cluster analysis approach to adolescent problem behaviors and young adult outcomes. Dev Psychopathol 2008; 20:291-318. [PMID: 18211739 PMCID: PMC2593078 DOI: 10.1017/s095457940800014x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Data from a community-based sample of 1,126 10th- and 11th-grade adolescents were analyzed using a model-based cluster analysis approach to empirically identify heterogeneous adolescent subpopulations from the person-oriented and pattern-oriented perspectives. The model-based cluster analysis is a new clustering procedure to investigate population heterogeneity utilizing finite mixture multivariate normal densities and accordingly to classify subpopulations using more rigorous statistical procedures for the comparison of alternative models. Four cluster groups were identified and labeled multiproblem high-risk, smoking high-risk, normative, and low-risk groups. The multiproblem high risk exhibited a constellation of high levels of problem behaviors, including delinquent and sexual behaviors, multiple illicit substance use, and depressive symptoms at age 16. They had risky temperamental attributes and lower academic functioning and educational expectations at age 15.5 and, subsequently, at age 24 completed fewer years of education, and reported lower levels of physical health and higher levels of continued involvement in substance use and abuse. The smoking high-risk group was also found to be at risk for poorer functioning in young adulthood, compared to the low-risk group. The normative and the low risk groups were, by and large, similar in their adolescent and young adult functioning. The continuity and comorbidity path from middle adolescence to young adulthood may be aided and abetted by chronic as well as episodic substance use by adolescents.
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