1
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Ino K, Utagawa Y, Shiku H. Microarray-Based Electrochemical Biosensing. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 187:317-338. [PMID: 37306698 DOI: 10.1007/10_2023_229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microarrays are widely utilized in bioanalysis. Electrochemical biosensing techniques are often applied in microarray-based assays because of their simplicity, low cost, and high sensitivity. In such systems, the electrodes and sensing elements are arranged in arrays, and the target analytes are detected electrochemically. These sensors can be utilized for high-throughput bioanalysis and the electrochemical imaging of biosamples, including proteins, oligonucleotides, and cells. In this chapter, we summarize recent progress on these topics. We categorize electrochemical biosensing techniques for array detection into four groups: scanning electrochemical microscopy, electrode arrays, electrochemiluminescence, and bipolar electrodes. For each technique, we summarize the key principles and discuss the advantages, disadvantages, and bioanalysis applications. Finally, we present conclusions and perspectives about future directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Ino
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
| | - Yoshinobu Utagawa
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Shiku
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
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2
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Huang K, Wang YH, Zhang H, Wang TY, Liu XH, Liu L, Jiang H, Wang XM. Application and outlook of electrochemical technology in single-cell analysis. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 242:115741. [PMID: 37816284 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Cellular heterogeneity, especially in some important diseased cells like tumor cells, acts as an invisible driver for disease development like cancer progression in the tumor ecosystem, contributing to differences in the macroscopic and microscopic detection of disease lesions like tumors. Traditional analysis techniques choose group information masked by the mean as the analysis sample, making it difficult to achieve precise diagnosis and target treatment, on which could be shed light via the single-cell level determination/bioanalysis. Hence, in this article we have reviewed the special characteristic differences among various kinds of typical single-cell bioanalysis strategies and electrochemical techniques, and then focused on the recent advance and special bio-applications of electrochemiluminescence and micro-nano electrochemical sensing mediated in single-cell bioimaging & bioanalysis. Especially, we have summarized the relevant research exploration of the possibility to establish the in-situ single-cell electrochemical methods to detect cell heterogeneity through determination of specific biomolecules and bioimaging of some important biological processes. Eventually, this review has explored some important advances of electrochemical single-cell detection techniques for the real-time cellular bioimaging and diagnostics of some disease lesions like tumors. It raises the possibility to provide the specific in-situ platform to exploit the versatile, sensitive, and high-resolution electrochemical single-cell analysis for the promising biomedical applications like rapid tracing of some disease lesions or in vivo bioimaging for precise cancer theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Yi Han Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Ting Ya Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Xiao Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Liu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
| | - Hui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
| | - Xue Mei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
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3
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Wang D, Gao X, Ren X, Zhang B, Zou G. Surface-Defect-Involved and Eye-Visible Electrochemiluminescence of Unary Copper Nanoclusters for Immunoassay. Anal Chem 2023; 95:4155-4161. [PMID: 36781377 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
A single-stabilizer-capped strategy is proposed for achieving highly efficient and surface-defect-involved electrochemiluminescence (ECL) from unary copper nanoclusters (NCs) via employing l-cysteine (Cys) as a capping agent of luminophore. The Cys-capped CuNCs (Cys-CuNCs) can be electrochemically injected with valence band (VB) holes and exhibit eye-touchable ECL processes around +0.95 and +1.15 V upon employing TPrA as a coreactant. Both accumulated ECL spectra and spooling ECL spectra demonstrated that the two ECL processes are of the same single waveband and spectrally identical to each other with the same maximum emission wavelength of 640 nm. Promisingly, ECL of the Cys-CuNCs/TPrA system is obviously red-shifted for ∼150 nm to PL of Cys-CuNCs, indicating that the bandgap-engineered routes for ECLs of Cys-CuNCs are completely blocked. The oxidative-reduction ECL process of the Cys-CuNCs/TPrA system is a kind of highly efficient, eye-visible, and single-color emission in surface-defect-involved route. The capping agent of Cys can enable the CuNCs/TPrA system with a stronger ECL than other thiol capping agents, so that Cys-CuNCs are utilized as ECL tags for sensitive and selective immunoassays, which exhibit a wide linear response range from 0.05 pg/mL to 0.5 ng/mL and a limit of detection of 0.01 pg/mL (S/N = 3) with carcinoembryonic antigen as the analyte. Moreover, both the luminophore Cys-CuNCs and conjugates Ab2-CuNCs can be safely stored in aqueous media without any protector, which is promising for the evolution and clinic application of metal NC ECL in the surface-defect-involved route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xuwen Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Ren
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Guizheng Zou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
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4
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Yang Q, Huang X, Gao B, Gao L, Yu F, Wang F. Advances in electrochemiluminescence for single-cell analysis. Analyst 2022; 148:9-25. [PMID: 36475529 DOI: 10.1039/d2an01159j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed the emergence of innovative analytical methods with high sensitivity and spatiotemporal resolution that allowed qualitative and quantitative analysis to be carried out at single-cell and subcellular levels. Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is a unique chemiluminescence of high-energy electron transfer triggered by electrical excitation. The ingenious combination of electrochemistry and chemiluminescence results in the distinct advantages of high sensitivity, a wide dynamic range and good reproducibility. Specifically, single-cell ECL (SCECL) analysis with excellent spatiotemporal resolution has emerged as a promising toolbox in bioanalysis for revealing individual cells' heterogeneity and stochastic processes. This review focuses on advances in SCECL analysis and bioimaging. The history and recent advances in ECL probes and strategies for system design are briefly reviewed. Subsequently, the latest advances in representative SCECL analysis techniques for bioassays, bioimaging and therapeutics are also highlighted. Then, the current challenges and future perspectives are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China. .,Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Beibei Gao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Lu Gao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Feng Yu
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
| | - Fu Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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5
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Liu L, Zhu Y, Wang H, Zhang Y, Chai Y, Yuan R. Enhanced Electrochemiluminescence of Graphitic Carbon Nitride by Adjustment of Carbon Vacancy for Supersensitive Detection of MicroRNA. Anal Chem 2022; 94:12444-12451. [PMID: 36037298 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Herein, a supersensitive biosensor was constructed by using graphitic carbon nitride with a carbon vacancy (VC-g-C3N4) as an efficient electrochemiluminescence (ECL) emitter for detection of microRNA-21 (miRNA-21). Impressively, VC-g-C3N4 could be prepared by formaldehyde (HCHO)-assisted urea ploycondensation, and the concentration of the carbon vacancy could be controlled by adjusting the dosage of HCHO to improve the ECL performance, in which the carbon vacancy could improve the charge carrier transfer to enhance the conductivity and it also could be used as an electron trap to prevent electrode passivation and facilitate the adsorption of coreactant S2O82- to accelerate its reduction. Compared with original g-C3N4, the introduction of carbon vacancies resulted in a significant enhancement of the ECL efficiency of VC-g-C3N4. With the aid of improved cascade strand displacement amplification (IC-SDA), the ECL biosensor realized sensitive detection of miRNA-21 with a low detection limit of 3.34 aM. This successful strategy promoted the development of g-C3N4 in the ECL field to construct the sensitive biosensor for molecular and disease diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education Chongqing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Yidan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education Chongqing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Haijun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education Chongqing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education Chongqing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaqin Chai
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education Chongqing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education Chongqing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
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6
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Ding H, Su B, Jiang D. Recent Advances in Single Cell Analysis by Electrochemiluminescence. Chemistry 2022; 12:e202200113. [PMID: 35880657 PMCID: PMC10152889 DOI: 10.1002/open.202200113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Understanding biological mechanisms operating in cells is one of the major goals of biology. Since heterogeneity is the fundamental property of cellular systems, single cell measurements can provide more accurate information about the composition, dynamics, and regulatory circuits of cells than population-averaged assays. Electrochemiluminescence (ECL), the light emission triggered by electrochemical reactions, is an emerging approach for single cell analysis. Numerous analytes, ranging from small biomolecules such as glucose and cholesterol, proteins and nucleic acids to subcellular structures, have been determined in single cells by ECL, which yields new insights into cellular functions. This review aims to provide an overview of research progress on ECL principles and systems for single cell analysis in recent years. The ECL reaction mechanisms are briefly introduced, and then the advances and representative works in ECL single cell analysis are summarized. Finally, outlooks and challenges in this field are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Bin Su
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Dechen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
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Ye X, Jiang Y, Mu X, Sun Y, Ma P, Ren P, Song D. Ultrabright silicon nanoparticle fluorescence probe for sensitive detection of cholesterol in human serum. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:3827-3836. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04024-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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8
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Confined electrochemiluminescence imaging microarray for high-throughput biosensing of single cell-released dopamine. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 201:113959. [PMID: 34999521 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The quantitative detection of single cell secretions is always limited by their accurate collection and the heterogeneity of different cells. In this work, a confined electrochemiluminescence (ECL) imaging microarray (CEIM) chip was designed to capture single or a few cells in each cylindrical microwell for high-throughput quantitation of cell-secreted dopamine (DA). The ITO surface at the bottom of microwells was functionalized with the film of DA aptamer modified coreactant-embedded polymer dots (Pdots), which endowed the chip with the abilities to both in situ recognize the target DA secreted from the cells and emit the ECL signal for responding the secreted target without need of any additional coreactant. At the applied potential of +1.4 V, the Pdots in the film emitted strong ECL signal, which could be quenched by the electrochemical oxidation product of DA in individual microwell for sensitive detection of single cell-released DA. The practicability of the proposed CEIM chip along with the ECL imaging and biosensing strategy was demonstrated by evaluating the amounts of single cell-released DA in different microwells under hypoxia stimulation. This protocol revealed the heterogeneity of cell secretion, and could be extended for quantitation of other secretions from different kinds of single cells.
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9
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Dong J, Zhang Y, Hussain MI, Zhou W, Chen Y, Wang LN. g-C 3N 4: Properties, Pore Modifications, and Photocatalytic Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 12:121. [PMID: 35010072 PMCID: PMC8746910 DOI: 10.3390/nano12010121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), as a polymeric semiconductor, is promising for ecological and economical photocatalytic applications because of its suitable electronic structures, together with the low cost, facile preparation, and metal-free feature. By modifying porous g-C3N4, its photoelectric behaviors could be facilitated with transport channels for photogenerated carriers, reactive substances, and abundant active sites for redox reactions, thus further improving photocatalytic performance. There are three types of methods to modify the pore structure of g-C3N4: hard-template method, soft-template method, and template-free method. Among them, the hard-template method may produce uniform and tunable pores, but requires toxic and environmentally hazardous chemicals to remove the template. In comparison, the soft templates could be removed at high temperatures during the preparation process without any additional steps. However, the soft-template method cannot strictly control the size and morphology of the pores, so prepared samples are not as orderly as the hard-template method. The template-free method does not involve any template, and the pore structure can be formed by designing precursors and exfoliation from bulk g-C3N4 (BCN). Without template support, there was no significant improvement in specific surface area (SSA). In this review, we first demonstrate the impact of pore structure on photoelectric performance. We then discuss pore modification methods, emphasizing comparison of their advantages and disadvantages. Each method's changing trend and development direction is also summarized in combination with the commonly used functional modification methods. Furthermore, we introduce the application prospects of porous g-C3N4 in the subsequent studies. Overall, porous g-C3N4 as an excellent photocatalyst has a huge development space in photocatalysis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Dong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; (J.D.); (M.I.H.)
| | - Yue Zhang
- Shunde Graduate School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Foshan 528399, China; (Y.Z.); (W.Z.)
| | - Muhammad Irfan Hussain
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; (J.D.); (M.I.H.)
| | - Wenjie Zhou
- Shunde Graduate School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Foshan 528399, China; (Y.Z.); (W.Z.)
| | - Yingzhi Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; (J.D.); (M.I.H.)
- Shunde Graduate School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Foshan 528399, China; (Y.Z.); (W.Z.)
| | - Lu-Ning Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; (J.D.); (M.I.H.)
- Shunde Graduate School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Foshan 528399, China; (Y.Z.); (W.Z.)
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10
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Chen H, Cheng Z, Zhou X, Wang R, Yu F. Emergence of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Probes in Near-Infrared Windows for Biosensing and Bioimaging. Anal Chem 2021; 94:143-164. [PMID: 34812039 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Pharmacy, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Ziyi Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Pharmacy, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Xuejun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Pharmacy, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Pharmacy, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Fabiao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Pharmacy, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
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11
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Lefrançois P, Santolini J, Arbault S. Electroanalysis at a Single Giant Vesicle Generating Enzymatically a Reactive Oxygen Species. Anal Chem 2021; 93:13143-13151. [PMID: 34546719 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the framework of artificial or synthetic cell development, giant liposomes are common basic structures. Their enclosed membrane allows encapsulating proteins, DNA, reactants, etc., while its phospholipid nature allows some exchanges with the surrounding medium. Biochemical reactions induced inside giant liposomes or vesicles are often monitored or imaged by fluorescence microscopy techniques. Here, we show that electrochemistry performed with ultramicroelectrodes is perfectly suitable to monitor an enzymatic reaction occurring in a single giant unilamellar vesicle. Glucose oxidase (GOx) was microinjected inside individual vesicles containing 1 mM glucose. H2O2 was thus generated in the vesicle and progressively diffused across the membrane toward the surrounding environment. An ultramicroelectrode sensitive to H2O2 (black platinum-modified carbon surface) was placed next to the membrane and provided a direct detection of the hydrogen peroxide flux generated by the enzyme activity. Electrochemistry offered a highly sensitive (in situ detection), selective (potential applied at the electrode), time-resolved analysis (chronoamperometry) of the GOx activity over an hour duration, without modifying the internal giant unilamellar vesicles (GUV) medium. These results demonstrate that electroanalysis with microsensors is well adapted and complementary to fluorescence microscopy to sense enzymatic activities, for instance, generating reactive oxygen species, at single vesicles further used to develop artificial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Lefrançois
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255 CNRS, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - Jérôme Santolini
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Univ. Paris-Saclay, F-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Stéphane Arbault
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255 CNRS, F-33400 Talence, France.,Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, CBMN, UMR 5248 CNRS, F-33600 Pessac, France
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12
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Ding H, Guo W, Ding L, Su B. Confined Electrochemiluminescence at Microtube Electrode Ensembles for Local Sensing of Single Cells
†. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202100330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Ding
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058 China
| | - Weiliang Guo
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University Nanjing Jiangsu 210023 China
| | - Lurong Ding
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058 China
| | - Bin Su
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058 China
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13
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Zhou J, Zhang S, Liu Y. Electrochemiluminescence Single‐cell Analysis on Nanostructured Interface. ELECTROANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202100341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juanhua Zhou
- Department of Chemistry Beijing Key Laboratory for Analytical Methods and Instrumentation Kay Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry Beijing Key Laboratory for Analytical Methods and Instrumentation Kay Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Chemistry Beijing Key Laboratory for Analytical Methods and Instrumentation Kay Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
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14
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Li H, Zhang T, Zhou H, Zhang Z, Liu M, Wang C. Enhanced Electrochemiluminescence in a Microwell Bipolar Electrode Array Prepared with an Optical Fiber Bundle. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202100158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University No.180 Siwangting Road Yangzhou 225002 China
| | - Tian Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University No.180 Siwangting Road Yangzhou 225002 China
| | - Han Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University No.180 Siwangting Road Yangzhou 225002 China
| | - Zhicheng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University No.180 Siwangting Road Yangzhou 225002 China
| | - Miaoxia Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University No.180 Siwangting Road Yangzhou 225002 China
| | - Chengyin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University No.180 Siwangting Road Yangzhou 225002 China
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15
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Ding J, Zhou P, Guo W, Su B. Confined Electrochemiluminescence Generation at Ultra-High-Density Gold Microwell Electrodes. Front Chem 2021; 8:630246. [PMID: 33575249 PMCID: PMC7870482 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.630246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) imaging analysis based on the ultra-high-density microwell electrode array (UMEA) has been successfully used in biosensing and diagnostics, while the studies of ECL generation mechanisms with spatial resolution remain scarce. Herein we fabricate a gold-coated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) UMEA using electroless deposition method for the visualization of ECL reaction process at the single microwell level in conjunction with using microscopic ECL imaging technique, demonstrating that the microwell gold walls are indeed capable of enhancing the ECL generation. For the classical ECL system involving tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium (Ru(bpy)32+) and tri-n-propylamine (TPrA), the ECL image of a single microwell appears as a surface-confined ring, indicating the ECL intensity generated inside the well is much stronger than that on the top surface of UMEA. Moreover, at a low concentration of Ru(bpy)32+, the ECL image remains to be ring-shaped with the increase of exposure time, because of the limited lifetime of TPrA radical cations TPrA+•. In combination with the theoretical simulation, the ring-shaped ECL image is resolved to originate from the superposition effect of the mass diffusion fields at both microwell wall and bottom surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialian Ding
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiliang Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Su
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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16
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Liu X, Wang Q, Chen J, Chen X, Yang W. Ultrasensitive electrochemiluminescence biosensor for the detection of tumor exosomes based on peptide recognition and luminol-AuNPs@g-C3N4 nanoprobe signal amplification. Talanta 2021; 221:121379. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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17
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Thiruppathi M, Tsai CY, Wang TW, Tsao Y, Wu TH, Ho JAA. Simple and Cost-effective Enzymatic Detection of Cholesterol Using Flow Injection Analysis. ANAL SCI 2020; 36:1119-1124. [PMID: 32908068 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.20p080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A flow-injection analytical (FIA) system was developed for the determination of cholesterol concentrations based on enzymatic reactions that occurred in a cholesterol oxidase (CHOx)-immobilized, fused-silica capillary followed by electrochemical detection. The production of hydrogen peroxide from cholesterol in an enzymatic reaction catalyzed by CHOx was subsequently oxidized electrochemically at an electrode. Our FlA system demonstrated its cost-effectiveness and utility at an applied potential of 0.6 V (vs. Ag/AgCl), a flow rate of 100 μL/min and, under optimal conditions, the resulting signal demonstrated a linear dynamic range from 50 μM to 1.0 mM with a limit of detection (LOD) of 12.4 μM, limit of quantification (LOQ) of 44.9 μM, and the coefficient of variation of 5.17%. In addition, validation of our proposed system using a reference HDL-cholesterol kit used for clinical diagnosis suggested our FIA system was comparable to commercial kits for the determination of the cholesterol incorporation amount in various aqueous liposomal suspensions. These good analytical features achieved by FIA could make the implementation of this methodology possible for on-line monitoring of cholesterol in various types of samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murugan Thiruppathi
- BioAnalytical Chemistry and Nanobiomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University
| | - Ching-Ying Tsai
- BioAnalytical Chemistry and Nanobiomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University
| | - Tzu-Wen Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University
| | - Yu Tsao
- BioAnalytical Chemistry and Nanobiomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University
| | - Tsung-Hung Wu
- BioAnalytical Chemistry and Nanobiomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University
| | - Ja-An Annie Ho
- BioAnalytical Chemistry and Nanobiomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University.,Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University.,Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University.,Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University
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18
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An L012@PAni-PAAm hydrogel composite based-electrochemiluminescence biosensor for in situ detection of H2O2 released from cardiomyocytes. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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19
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Electrochemiluminescence Analysis of Hydrogen Peroxide Using L012 Modified Electrodes. JOURNAL OF ANALYSIS AND TESTING 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s41664-020-00134-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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20
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Recent Advances in Electrochemiluminescence-Based Systems for Mammalian Cell Analysis. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11050530. [PMID: 32456040 PMCID: PMC7281524 DOI: 10.3390/mi11050530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian cell analysis is essential in the context of both fundamental studies and clinical applications. Among the various techniques available for cell analysis, electrochemiluminescence (ECL) has attracted significant attention due to its integration of both electrochemical and spectroscopic methods. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the ECL-based systems developed for mammalian cell analysis. The review begins with a summary of the developments in luminophores that opened the door to ECL applications for biological samples. Secondly, ECL-based imaging systems are introduced as an emerging technique to visualize single-cell morphologies and intracellular molecules. In the subsequent section, the ECL sensors developed in the past decade are summarized, the use of which made the highly sensitive detection of cell-derived molecules possible. Although ECL immunoassays are well developed in terms of commercial use, the sensing of biomolecules at a single-cell level remains a challenge. Emphasis is therefore placed on ECL sensors that directly detect cellular molecules from small portions of cells or even single cells. Finally, the development of bipolar electrode devices for ECL cell assays is introduced. To conclude, the direction of research in this field and its application prospects are described.
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21
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Fereja TH, Du F, Wang C, Snizhko D, Guan Y, Xu G. Electrochemiluminescence Imaging Techniques for Analysis and Visualizing. JOURNAL OF ANALYSIS AND TESTING 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s41664-020-00128-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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22
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23
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Ding H, Guo W, Su B. Electrochemiluminescence Single‐Cell Analysis: Intensity‐ and Imaging‐Based Methods. Chempluschem 2020; 85:725-733. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Ding
- Institute of Analytical ChemistryDepartment of ChemistryZhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 P. R. China
| | - Weiliang Guo
- Institute of Analytical ChemistryDepartment of ChemistryZhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 P. R. China
| | - Bin Su
- Institute of Analytical ChemistryDepartment of ChemistryZhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 P. R. China
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandana Amiri
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Mohaghegh Ardabili Ardabil Iran
| | - Simin Arshi
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Mohaghegh Ardabili Ardabil Iran
- Department of Chemical SciencesBernal Institute University of Limerick Ireland
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25
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Chen Y, Yang G, Gao S, Zhang L, Yu M, Song C, Lu Y. Highly rapid and non-enzymatic detection of cholesterol based on carbon nitride quantum dots as fluorescent nanoprobes. RSC Adv 2020; 10:39596-39600. [PMID: 35515374 PMCID: PMC9057425 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra07495k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we reported a highly rapid and non-enzymatic method for cholesterol measuring based on carbon nitride quantum dots (CNQDs) as fluorescent nanoprobes, which were synthesized through chemical oxidation. The obtained CNQDs displayed high quantum yield up to 35% as well as excellent photostability, water solubility and low toxicity. We found that the fluorescence of CNQDs could be quenched more than 90% within 30 seconds by cholesterol through the formation of hydrogen bonds between –NH2, –NH on the surface of CNQDs and cholesterol containing –OH. According to this phenomenon, a cholesterol detection method was constructed with a wide linear region over the range of 0–500 μmol L−1 and a detection limit as low as 10.93 μmol L−1, and it possessed the obvious advantages of being a very rapid process and avoiding the use of enzymes. In addition, this method showed high selectivity in the presence of various interfering reagents and applicability to the measurement of cholesterol in fetal bovine serum, which indicated its potential application value in clinical settings. Highly rapid and non-enzymatic method for the detection of cholesterol was constructed based on carbon nitride quantum dots (CNQDs) as fluorescent nanoprobes. The fluorescence of CNQDs could be effectively and rapidly quenched by cholesterol.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Science
- Anhui Agricultural University
- Hefei 230036
- China
| | - Gege Yang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Science
- Anhui Agricultural University
- Hefei 230036
- China
| | - Shanshan Gao
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Science
- Anhui Agricultural University
- Hefei 230036
- China
| | - Liangliang Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Science
- Anhui Agricultural University
- Hefei 230036
- China
| | - Mengdi Yu
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Science
- Anhui Agricultural University
- Hefei 230036
- China
| | - Chunxia Song
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Science
- Anhui Agricultural University
- Hefei 230036
- China
| | - Ying Lu
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Science
- Anhui Agricultural University
- Hefei 230036
- China
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Abstract
This Feature simply introduces the history and mechanism of classical electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) systems for the detection of biomolecules, highlights new advances and emerging fields of the ECL biosensing with recent illustrative examples, and presents the challenges and perspectives of ECL biosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710062 , P.R. China
| | - Chengxiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710062 , P.R. China
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27
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Ma C, Cao Y, Gou X, Zhu JJ. Recent Progress in Electrochemiluminescence Sensing and Imaging. Anal Chem 2019; 92:431-454. [PMID: 31679341 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
| | - Yue Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
| | - Xiaodan Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
| | - Jun-Jie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
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28
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Optical methods for studying local electrochemical reactions with spatial resolution: A critical review. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1074:1-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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29
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Zhang Y, Wang F, Zhang H, Wang H, Liu Y. Multivalency Interface and g-C3N4 Coated Liquid Metal Nanoprobe Signal Amplification for Sensitive Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence Detection of Exosomes and Their Surface Proteins. Anal Chem 2019; 91:12100-12107. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yimeng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory for Analytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory for Analytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Huixin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory for Analytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hongye Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory for Analytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory for Analytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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30
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Zhang J, Arbault S, Sojic N, Jiang D. Electrochemiluminescence Imaging for Bioanalysis. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2019; 12:275-295. [PMID: 30939032 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061318-115226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is a widely used analytical technique with the advantages of high sensitivity and low background signal. The recent and rapid development of electrochemical materials, luminophores, and optical elements significantly increases the ECL signals and, thus, ECL imaging with enhanced spatial and temporal resolutions is realized. Currently, ECL imaging is successfully applied to high-throughput bioanalysis and to visualize the distribution of molecules at single cells. Compared with other optical bioassays, no optical excitation is involved in imaging, so the approach avoids a background signal from illumination and increases the detection sensitivity. This review highlights some of the most exciting developments in this field, including the mechanisms, electrode designs, and the applications of ECL imaging in bioanalysis and at single cells and particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China;
| | - Stéphane Arbault
- Bordeaux INP, Institute of Molecular Science (ISM), and CNRS UMR 5255, University of Bordeaux, 33607 Pessac, France;
| | - Neso Sojic
- Bordeaux INP, Institute of Molecular Science (ISM), and CNRS UMR 5255, University of Bordeaux, 33607 Pessac, France;
| | - Dechen Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China;
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31
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Yang H, Li H, Xu D. High-density micro-well array with aptamer-silver conjugates for cell sorting and imaging at single cells. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1063:127-135. [PMID: 30967176 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Characterizing cell behavior is important to modern medical diagnoses as the changes of cell behavior are often indicators of huge diseases. In order to gain enough information about cells, developing novel methods of cell sorting and imaging is an important task. With development of micro-fabrication technologies, more advanced miniaturized devices are applied to cell research. Here, a portable and easy-to-use chip with high-density periodic micro-well array is designed and fabricated to capture target cells specifically. Combining with aptamer-silver conjugates and FAM functioned report probes, the sandwich assay was successfully applied for imaging cells. Any well of the chip is carefully designed to provide abundant information on single cells. Since there are 19,200 microwells in a single chip, more information is available. Compared to other cells, such as HEK-293, MCF-7, U2OS and Ramos cells, the sandwich assay shows high specificity towards target cell CCRF-CEM. What's more, the applications of the chip can be further expanded to other cells imaging if suitable aptamers were selected. This high-density micro-well array of aptamer-silver conjugates is hopeful to play an important role in medical diagnosis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, No 163, Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, No 163, Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Danke Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, No 163, Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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32
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Guo H, Su Y, Shen Y, Long Y, Li W. In situ decoration of Au nanoparticles on carbon nitride using a single-source precursor and its application for the detection of tetracycline. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 536:646-654. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.10.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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33
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Gao Y, Wu Y, Zhao K, Wang H, Liu S. In-Situ imaging detection of cell membrane and intracellular cholesterol via cascade reactions. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 126:249-254. [PMID: 30445299 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.10.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Herein, an effective membrane-to-intracellular cholesterol detection strategy was designed based on cascade reactions. A biochip array was firstly fabricated by consecutively immobilizing luminol modified gold nanoparticles (Au@luminol), soybean peroxidase (SBP) and cholesterol oxidase (ChoX) on the cellulose acetate (CA) membrane functionalized home-made micropore array. When cholesterol existed, it was oxidized by ChoX generating H2O2, which further triggered the CL reaction under the SBP catalysis, the CL signals were collected by a charge-coupled device (CCD). The proposed strategy exhibited a wide linear range from 0.12 μM to 1000 μM and relatively low detection limit (LOD) of 0.08 μM. Furthermore,it could be used to in-situ detect membrane cholesterol and intracelluar esterified cholesterol in HepG2 cells. After activated HepG2 cells were added to the modified biochip, membrane cholesterol was detected directly. Intracelluar esterified cholesterol was detected through the introduction of triton X-100 and cholesteryl esterase (ChoE). Additionally, the cholesterol content in cells was changed after stimulated by drugs, such as apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I), pitavastatin or probucol. The correlation of the CL signal with the amount of cholesterol confirmed that our strategy was feasible to simultaneously detect membrane and intracellular cholesterol at different cellular states. The proposed strategy exhibited excellent sensitivity, selectivity, stability, and reproducibility in a simple, cheap way, which opened a new door for studying clinic treatment of the cholesterol-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqiong Gao
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Yafeng Wu
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Kaige Zhao
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Huaisheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, China
| | - Songqin Liu
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
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34
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Nanoparticle-based electrochemiluminescence cytosensors for single cell level detection. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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35
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Zhang J, Ding H, Zhao S, Jiang D, Chen HY. Confined electrochemiluminescence in vertically ordered silica mesochannels for the imaging of hydrogen peroxide released from single cells. Electrochem commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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36
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Jiang L, Mo G, Yu C, Ya D, He X, Mo W, Deng B. Based on reduced graphene oxide-copper sulfide-carbon nitride nanosheets composite electrochemiluminescence sensor for determination of gatifloxacin in mouse plasma. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 173:378-385. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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37
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Ino
- Graduate School of Engineering; Tohoku University; 6-6-11 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8579 Japan
| | - Yuji Nashimoto
- Graduate School of Engineering; Tohoku University; 6-6-11 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8579 Japan
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Noriko Taira
- Graduate School of Engineering; Tohoku University; 6-6-11 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8579 Japan
| | - Javier Ramon Azcon
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC); The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Baldiri Reixac 10-12 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Hitoshi Shiku
- Graduate School of Engineering; Tohoku University; 6-6-11 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8579 Japan
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38
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Xia J, Zhou J, Zhang R, Jiang D, Jiang D. Gold-coated polydimethylsiloxane microwells for high-throughput electrochemiluminescence analysis of intracellular glucose at single cells. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:4787-4792. [PMID: 29862432 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1160-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
In this communication, a gold-coated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) chip with cell-sized microwells was prepared through a stamping and spraying process that was applied directly for high-throughput electrochemiluminescence (ECL) analysis of intracellular glucose at single cells. As compared with the previous multiple-step fabrication of photoresist-based microwells on the electrode, the preparation process is simple and offers fresh electrode surface for higher luminescence intensity. More luminescence intensity was recorded from cell-retained microwells than that at the planar region among the microwells that was correlated with the content of intracellular glucose. The successful monitoring of intracellular glucose at single cells using this PDMS chip will provide an alternative strategy for high-throughput single-cell analysis. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Xia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Junyu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210092, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ronggui Zhang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Dechen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210092, Jiangsu, China
| | - Depeng Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China.
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39
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Electrochemiluminescence based competitive immunoassay for Sudan I by using gold-functionalized graphitic carbon nitride and Au/Cu alloy nanoflowers. Mikrochim Acta 2018; 185:275. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-018-2790-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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40
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Wang H, Pu G, Devaramani S, Wang Y, Yang Z, Li L, Ma X, Lu X. Bimodal Electrochemiluminescence of G-CNQDs in the Presence of Double Coreactants for Ascorbic Acid Detection. Anal Chem 2018; 90:4871-4877. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
- The Phytochemistry Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau of Qinghai Province, College of Pharmacy, Qinghai Nationalities University, Xining, Qinghai 810007, China
| | - Guiqiang Pu
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Samrat Devaramani
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Yanfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Zhaofan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Linfang Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Xiaofang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Xiaoquan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
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41
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In-situ synthesis of graphitic carbon nitride/iron oxide−copper composites and their application in the electrochemical detection of glucose. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.01.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Zhang J, Zhou J, Pan R, Jiang D, Burgess JD, Chen HY. New Frontiers and Challenges for Single-Cell Electrochemical Analysis. ACS Sens 2018; 3:242-250. [PMID: 29276834 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.7b00711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Previous measurements of cell populations might obscure many important cellular differences, and new strategies for single-cell analyses are urgently needed to re-examine these fundamental biological principles for better diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Electrochemistry is a robust technique for the analysis of single living cells that has the advantages of minor interruption of cellular activity and provides the capability of high spatiotemporal resolution. The achievements of the past 30 years have revealed significant information about the exocytotic events of single cells to elucidate the mechanisms of cellular activity. Currently, the rapid developments of micro/nanofabrication and optoelectronic technologies drive the development of multifunctional electrodes and novel electrochemical approaches with higher resolution for single cells. In this Perspective, three new frontiers in this field, namely, electrochemical microscopy, intracellular analysis, and single-cell analysis in a biological system (i.e., neocortex and retina), are reviewed. The unique features and remaining challenges of these techniques are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhang
- The
State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Junyu Zhou
- The
State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Rongrong Pan
- The
State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Dechen Jiang
- The
State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - James D. Burgess
- Department
of Medical Laboratory, Imaging, and Radiologic Sciences, College of
Allied Health Sciences, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, United States
| | - Hong-Yuan Chen
- The
State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210093, China
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43
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Xu H, Zhou S, Jiang D, Chen HY. Cholesterol Oxidase/Triton X-100 Parked Microelectrodes for the Detection of Cholesterol in Plasma Membrane at Single Cells. Anal Chem 2018; 90:1054-1058. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b03667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Shuai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Dechen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Hong-Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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44
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Jiang J, Lin X, Ding D, Diao G. Graphitic-phase carbon nitride-based electrochemiluminescence sensing analyses: recent advances and perspectives. RSC Adv 2018; 8:19369-19380. [PMID: 35540965 PMCID: PMC9080761 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra02221f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This review describes the current trends in synthesis methods, signaling strategies, and sensing applications of g-C3N4-based ECL emitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Yangzhou University
- Yangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Xinyi Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Yangzhou University
- Yangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Dong Ding
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Yangzhou University
- Yangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Guowang Diao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Yangzhou University
- Yangzhou
- P. R. China
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45
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Gao H, Liu S, Wang Z, Si L, Dai Z. A novel electrochemiluminescence biosensor based on S-doped yttrium oxide ultrathin nanosheets for the detection of anti-Dig antibodies. Analyst 2018; 143:2997-3000. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an00667a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of a novel electrochemiluminescence biosensor based on S-doped yttrium oxide ultrathin nanosheets for detection of anti-Dig antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Gao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Nanjing Normal University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Suli Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- Nanjing Xiaozhuang College
- Nanjing 211171
- P. R. China
| | - Zhaoyin Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Nanjing Normal University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Ling Si
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Nanjing Normal University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Zhihui Dai
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Nanjing Normal University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
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46
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JIANG H, WANG XM. Progress of Metal Nanoclusters-based Electrochemiluminescent Analysis. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(17)61054-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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47
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Long D, Shang Y, Qiu Y, Zhou B, Yang P. A single-cell analysis platform for electrochemiluminescent detection of platelets adhesion to endothelial cells based on Au@DL-ZnCQDs nanoprobes. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 102:553-559. [PMID: 29220803 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.11.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A novel single-cell analysis platform (SCA) was developed for the investigation of platelets adhesion to single human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) via using the adhesion molecule (E-selectin) on the damaged HUVEC as the marker site, and integrating electrochemiluminescence (ECL) with the ultrasensitive Au@DL-ZnCQDs nanoprobes. The Au@DL-ZnCQDs nanocomposite, a kind of double layer zinc-coadsorbed carbon quantum dot (ZnCQDs) core-shell nanoprobe, was firstly constructed by using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as the core to load with ZnCQDs and then the citrate-modified silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as the bridge to link AuNPs-ZnCQDs with ZnCQDs to form the core-shell with double layer ZnCQDs (DL-ZnCQDs) nanoprobe, revealed a 10-fold signal amplification. The H2O2-induced oxidative damage HUVECs were utilized as the cellular model on which anti-E-selectin functionalized nanoprobes specially recognized E-selectin, the SCA showed that the ECL signals decreased with platelets adhesion to single HUVEC. The proposed SCA could effectively and dynamically monitor the adhesion between single HUVEC and platelets in the absence and presence of collagen activation, moreover, be able to quantitatively detect the number of platelets adhesion to single HUVEC, and show a good analytical performance with linear range from 1 to 15 platelets. In contrast, the HUVEC was down-regulated the expression of adhesion molecules by treating with quercetin inhibitor, and the SCA also exhibited the feasibility for analysis of platelets adhesion to single HUVEC. Therefore, the single-cell analysis platform provided a novel and promising protocol for analysis of the single intercellular adhesion, and it will be beneficial to elucidate the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongping Long
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yunfei Shang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhuhai Campus, Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai 519088, China
| | - Youyi Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Peihui Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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48
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Guo W, Liu Y, Cao Z, Su B. Imaging Analysis Based on Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence. JOURNAL OF ANALYSIS AND TESTING 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s41664-017-0013-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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49
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Qiu Y, Zhou B, Yang X, Long D, Hao Y, Yang P. Novel Single-Cell Analysis Platform Based on a Solid-State Zinc-Coadsorbed Carbon Quantum Dots Electrochemiluminescence Probe for the Evaluation of CD44 Expression on Breast Cancer Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:16848-16856. [PMID: 28481500 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b02793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A novel single-cell analysis platform was fabricated using solid-state zinc-coadsorbed carbon quantum dot (ZnCQDs) nanocomposites as an electrochemiluminescence (ECL) probe for the detection of breast cancer cells and evaluation of the CD44 expression level. Solid-state ZnCQDs nanocomposite probes were constructed through the attachment of ZnCQDs to gold nanoparticles and then the loading of magnetic beads to amplify the ECL signal, exhibiting a remarkable 120-fold enhancement of the ECL intensity. Hyaluronic acid (HA)-functionalized solid-state probes were used to label a single breast cancer cell by the specific recognition of HA with CD44 on the cell surface, revealing more stable, sensitive, and effective tagging in comparison with the water-soluble CQDs. This strategy exhibited a good analytical performance for the analysis of MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 single cells with linear range from 1 to 18 and from 1 to 12 cells, respectively. Furthermore, this single-cell analysis platform was used for evaluation of the CD44 expression level of these two cell lines, in which the MDA-MB-231 cells revealed a 2.8-5.2-fold higher CD44 expression level. A total of 20 single cells were analyzed individually, and the distributions of the ECL intensity revealed larger variations, indicating the high cellular heterogeneity of the CD44 expression level on the same cell line. The as-proposed single-cell analysis platform might provide a novel protocol to effectively study the individual cellular function and cellular heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youyi Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiaojuan Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Dongping Long
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yan Hao
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Peihui Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, China
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