1
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Chang W, Xu SD, Liu T, Wu LL, Liu ST, Liu G, Sun J, Luo YX, Gao L, Li H, Lu Q, Yuan Z, Liu KY, Zhou H, Zhang XD, Huang YC, Xiong YW, Zhu HL, Xu DX, Wang H. Risk prioritization and experimental validation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in Chaohu Lake: Based on nontarget and target analyses. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2025; 492:138179. [PMID: 40209414 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2025] [Accepted: 04/03/2025] [Indexed: 04/12/2025]
Abstract
Pollution caused by per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in surface water has become a global health concern. Nevertheless, due to the continuous production of emerging PFAS, the pollution levels and hazards of several precursors and their metabolites have not been evaluated. In this study, Chaohu Lake was selected as a representative freshwater lake to obtain a deeper understanding of the profiles of emerging PFAS in surface water. Nontarget screening tentatively identified 49 PFAS with a confidence level of ≥L3, which included 12 legacy PFAS and 37 emerging PFAS. Based on a target analysis of 57 PFAS, 18 PFAS were detected, with at least 10 PFAS detected in every water sample, indicating the widespread presence of PFAS in Chaohu Lake. Moreover, a risk-based PFAS priority model was used to prioritize the PFAS in Chaohu Lake. Remarkably, perfluoromethanesulfonic acid (PFMeS) exhibited the highest level of risk index among the intersection PFAS identified by the nontarget screening of Chaohu Lake water and human serum. For validation, the cytotoxicity of PFMeS was further evaluated in vitro. This study considerably expands our understanding of the occurrence, environmental risk, and cytotoxicity of PFAS in Chaohu Lake and also provides an experimentally validated basis for future research on novel contaminants in a water environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, and Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Shen-Dong Xu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, and Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ting Liu
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lan-Lan Wu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, and Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Si-Ting Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, and Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Environmental Protection Monitoring Station, Anhui Provincial Lake Chaohu Administration, Chaohu 238000, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, and Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ye-Xin Luo
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, and Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, and Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, and Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Qi Lu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, and Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Zhi Yuan
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, and Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Kai-Yong Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, and Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Huan Zhou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, and Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xu-Dong Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, and Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yi-Chao Huang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, and Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yong-Wei Xiong
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, and Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Hua-Long Zhu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, and Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei 230032, China
| | - De-Xiang Xu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, and Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, and Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei 230032, China.
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2
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Lin W, Zhao J, Wu X, Jiang J, Zhou C, Zheng J, Zhang C, Guo Y, Wang L, Ng HY, Li S, Wang S. The effects of perfluoroalkyl substance pollution on microbial community and key metabolic pathways in the Pearl River Estuary. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2025; 298:118293. [PMID: 40349469 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2025] [Revised: 05/04/2025] [Accepted: 05/07/2025] [Indexed: 05/14/2025]
Abstract
The extensive use of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) has raised significant concerns regarding their adverse environmental implications. However, the understanding of their behaviors and biological effects in natural estuarine ecosystems remain limited. This study employed a multidisciplinary approach integrating chemical analysis, biological sequencing, and statistical modeling to comprehensively investigate the distribution of PFASs, as well as their intrinsic relationship with microbial community in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE), a rapidly urbanized area. Our findings demonstrate that the total PFAS concentrations ranged from 52-127 ng L-1 in water, and 2-70 μg kg-1 dry weight in sediment, with notably distinct compositions across habitats. Aquatic microbial communities exhibited higher sensitivity to environmental variables, including PFAS concentrations, attributed to increased stochasticity and reduced spatial turnover. Conversely, sediments harbored microbial communities with higher phylogenetic diversity, rendering them less susceptible to PFAS-induced stress. Furthermore, PFAS concentrations significantly affected microbial carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycling, predominantly through indirect alterations in characteristic genus composition. Importantly, noteworthy variations in impacts were observed between perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs) and perfluorinated sulfonic acids (PFSAs), which might contingent upon C-F bond dissociation energies. The findings shed light on PFAS ecological roles and interaction patterns with microbial communities in human-impacted estuarine environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lin
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Water Security, Center for Water Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China.
| | - Junlin Zhao
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Water Security, Center for Water Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Xingqi Wu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Water Security, Center for Water Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Jiakun Jiang
- Center for Statistics and Data Science, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Chunyang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Resource and Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Jiating Zheng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Instrumentation and Service Center for Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Ying Guo
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Water Security, Center for Water Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Li Wang
- Scientific Institute of Pearl River Water Resources Protection, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - How Yong Ng
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Water Security, Center for Water Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Song Li
- Technical Centre for Ecology and Environment of Soil, Agriculture and Rural Areas, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Shengrui Wang
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Water Security, Center for Water Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China; College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
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3
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He Q, Yang Q, Wu L, He Y, Zeng N, Wang Z. Neurotoxic effects of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) mixture exposure in mice: Accumulations in brain and associated changes of behaviors, metabolome, and transcriptome. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2025; 489:137699. [PMID: 39987740 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2024] [Revised: 01/22/2025] [Accepted: 02/19/2025] [Indexed: 02/25/2025]
Abstract
Humans are exposed to complex per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) mixtures, yet their neurotoxicity and mechanisms remains unclear. This study exposed male mice to 17 PFAS mixtures at low levels (0.2-20 µg/L) for 49 days via drinking water. Perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA), perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA), 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (6:2 FTS), and perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) accumulated in brain tissues, with brain/plasma ratios of 2.03-5.87, 2.94-12.88, 1.90-3.19, and 0.62-0.93, respectively. Electroencephalogram (EEG) results showed significant alterations, including a reduction in beta spectral edge (21.47-13.85 Hz) and an increase in gamma spectral edge (57.64-79.07 Hz). Histopathological analysis revealed necrosis in the hippocampus, contributing to the observed anxiety-like behaviors and memory impairments in exposed mice. Plasma metabolomics highlighted disrupted osmoprotectants, impaired glutamatergic synapse function, and tryptophan metabolism. Brain metabolomics demonstrated suppression of purine metabolism and activation of arachidonic acid metabolism, suggesting involvement in neurotoxic effects. Transcriptomic profiling further identified dysregulation in neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions, cholinergic and GABAergic synapses, and calcium signaling pathways, with oxytocin signaling highlighted as a critical mechanism. This study, for the first time, links PFAS mixture to neurotoxicity via neurotransmitter-related pathways, underscoring the need for public health policies and preventive strategies to mitigate PFAS exposure risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiurong He
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Qingkun Yang
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Lin Wu
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yuhang He
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Ni Zeng
- West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Zhenglu Wang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
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4
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Lin P, Liu X, Gao Z, Yuan Y, Liu H, Huang L, He Z, Zeng Q, Wang S. Microplastics magnify inhibitive effects of perfluorooctanoic acid on the marine microbial loop. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2025; 273:121223. [PMID: 40015436 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2025.121223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2025] [Accepted: 02/24/2025] [Indexed: 03/01/2025]
Abstract
The marine microbial loop comprising picophytoplankton, bacteria and microzooplankton is essential in global carbon cycling, which is currently affected by anthropogenic pollutants. Nonetheless, the impact of anthropogenic pollutants on the marine microbial loop remains elusive. In this study, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and microplastics (MPs) were selected as representative anthropogenic pollutants to investigate their impacts on the marine microbial loop with Prochlorococcus MED4 (picophytoplankton), Alteromonas macleodii EZ55 (bacteria), Pseudocohnilembus persalinus and Cafeteria roenbergensis (microzooplankton) as model microorganisms. The picophytoplankton was identified to be most sensitive to PFOA with a sensitivity order of MED4 > EZ55 > C. roenbergensis > P. persalinus. In contrast, polystyrene (PS) as a representative MP had less inhibition on the microbial loop, but synergistically magnified the inhibitive effects of PFOA on those four microorganisms. Moreover, PS significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced the bioconcentration and biomagnification of PFOA in the marine microbial loop, e.g., 1.89, 1.33, 1.22, and 2.18-fold increase in bioconcentration factor values in MED4, EZ55, P. persalinus and C. roenbergensis, respectively, compared to sole PFOA exposure. These results highlighted the exacerbated ecological risk of the co-existence of PFOA and MPs and provides the first insight into impacts of PFOA and PS on the marine microbial loop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peichun Lin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Marine Synthetic Ecology Research Center, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiaokun Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Marine Synthetic Ecology Research Center, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Zuyuan Gao
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yelinzi Yuan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Marine Synthetic Ecology Research Center, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Lingfeng Huang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Zhili He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Marine Synthetic Ecology Research Center, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qinglu Zeng
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Shanquan Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Marine Synthetic Ecology Research Center, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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5
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Guo W, Hao W, Xiao W. Emerging Perfluorinated Chemical GenX: Environmental and Biological Fates and Risks. ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2025; 3:338-351. [PMID: 40270535 PMCID: PMC12012656 DOI: 10.1021/envhealth.4c00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2024] [Revised: 12/01/2024] [Accepted: 12/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2025]
Abstract
Perfluorinated chemical GenX, formally known as hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA), has been applied as an alternative to the forever chemical perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). The applications of HFPO-DA have rapidly expanded from traditional nonstick coating industries into high-tech semiconductor manufacturing. Because of such facts in conjunction with its low biodegradation rate and high potential of long-distance atmospheric transport, the presence and accumulation of HFPO-DA have been ubiquitously detected in environmental media and biological species, including animals and human beings, posing alarming and urgent needs for the risk assessment of HFPO-DA. Building on the United States Environmental Protection Agency's evaluation of HFPO-DA in 2021, this review first summarizes the interaction of HFPO-DA with the environment, elaborates on its known toxicities and potential carcinogenicity, along with their possible mechanisms, and briefly addresses its current exposure assessment and risk management strategies. These lines of evidence support that the safety of HFPO-DA necessitates further investigation and monitoring, albeit being considered as a less toxic and low persistence substitute of traditional PFOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanqian Guo
- Department
of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Weidong Hao
- Department
of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food
Safety, School of Public Health, Peking
University, Beijing 100191, China
- Key
Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine
for Compatibility Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wusheng Xiao
- Department
of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food
Safety, School of Public Health, Peking
University, Beijing 100191, China
- Key
Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine
for Compatibility Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Institute
of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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6
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Li J, Wang Q, Hu C, Sun B, Yang Z, Zhou B, Leung KMY, Chen L. Effects of Chemical Speciation on Chronic Thyroid Toxicity of Representative Perfluoroalkyl Acids. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2025; 59:6959-6970. [PMID: 40053324 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c10997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2025]
Abstract
Acute exposure studies have reported that chemical speciation significantly affects the developmental toxicity of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs). However, the mechanisms underlying the chronic toxicity of PFAAs as a function of chemical speciation remain unknown. With an aim to gain more insights into the PFAA structure-toxicity relationship, this study exposed adult zebrafish to the acids and salts of perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), perfluorobutanoate (PFBA), and perfluorobutanesulfonate (PFBS) at environmentally realistic concentrations for 5 months. In the F0 generation, PFAA acids induced hypothyroidism symptoms more potently than their salt counterparts. After parental exposure, a chemical speciation-dependent transfer behavior was noted, with a greater burden of PFAA acids in the offspring. Similarly, PFAA acids were associated with higher risks of transgenerational defects and thyroid dysfunction during offspring embryogenesis. PFAA acids bound to thyroid receptor beta (TRβ) more strongly than their salts. An antagonistic interaction of PFOA and PFBS with TR activity was observed in vitro via the reduction of TRβ accessibility to target genes. CUT&Tag sequencing revealed disturbances due to PFAAs on the genomic target profile of TRβ, indicating that PFOA and PFBS interfere with multiple thyroidal and nervous processes. In conclusion, current findings provided evidence regarding the critical effects of chemical speciation on PFAA toxicity, highlighting the need to perform discriminative risk assessment and chemical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chenyan Hu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Baili Sun
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zixie Yang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bingsheng Zhou
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Kenneth Mei Yee Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lianguo Chen
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
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7
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Shi S, Zhang Z, Wang R, Xue S, Fei W, Peng Y. Composition, source appointment, and biomigration of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in the Fu River of Wuhan, China. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2025; 44:926-934. [PMID: 39933029 DOI: 10.1093/etojnl/vgaf008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 11/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2025]
Abstract
In this study, a detailed analysis of 20 per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) was conducted, in different environmental media of the Fu River, the main sewage storage body, located near the Tianhe Airport in Wuhan, China. The PFAS included 13 perfluorocarboxylic acids (C4-C18), four perfluorosulfonic acids (C4, C6, C8, C10), and three PFAS. In the surface water samples, short-chain PFAS perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS) and perfluorobutanoic acid were the most prevalent and highest concentrations, 168 ng/L and 49.7 ng/L, respectively. However, in the sediment samples, PFBS and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) were the most prevalent and highest concentrations, 840 ng/kg and 1,510 ng/kg, respectively. In addition, PFOS was the most prevalent substance, with the highest concentrations measured at 23.3 μg/kg in egg yolk and 28.1 μg/kg in fish, accounting for proportions of 82% and 88%, respectively. Two new short-chain substitutes of PFOS, 6:2 clorinated polyfluoroalykyl ether sulfonate and 8:2 clorinated polyfluoroalykyl ether sulfonate, emerged in sediment and fish. The PFAS in eggs, fish, and vegetables of the Fu River Basin poses a potential health risk to residents according to the suggested values of the European Food Safety Agency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Zijie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Rong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, P. R. China
- Center of Excellence for Modern Analytical Technologies (CEMAT), Huahai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Shiji Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Wanyu Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Yue'e Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, P. R. China
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8
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Cao X, Yu S, Luo Z, Zheng X, Mai BX. Bioaccumulation and Transfer of Legacy and Emerging Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances throughout the Lifecycle of a Tropical Amphibian Species Fejervarya limnocharis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2025; 59:6214-6223. [PMID: 39982220 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c10958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2025]
Abstract
Pollutant bioaccumulation in amphibians is complex owing to their unique physiological characteristics and biphasic lifecycle. This study investigated per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in water, insects, and rice frogs (Fejervarya multistriata) throughout their entire lifecycle. The median total PFAS concentrations were 1.15-5.53, 65.6, 7.31, 7.33, and 2.24-31.6 ng/g dry weight in insect, egg, tadpole, juvenile frog, and adult frog samples, respectively. Concentrations of PFASs with protein-water distribution coefficients (log KPW) > 2 decreased from eggs to tadpoles and were constant from tadpoles to frogs. By contrast, concentrations of PFASs with log KPW < 2 reached apex concentrations in tadpoles and juvenile frogs. No growth dilution was observed for PFASs from juvenile to adult frogs. Stable isotope and fatty acid compositions in frog and insect samples indicated little change in diet sources during frog growth. The bioaccumulation factors of PFASs with log KPW < 3 were decreased in tadpoles and frogs, suggesting preferential accumulation of low-proteinphilic PFASs from water. The distinct bioaccumulation profiles of PFASs during rice frog development emphasize the need for ecological and toxicological studies conducted throughout the amphibian lifecycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingpei Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- State Key Laboratory of of Advanced Environmental Technology, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Siru Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ziqing Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaobo Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Bi-Xian Mai
- State Key Laboratory of of Advanced Environmental Technology, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
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9
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Shu Y, Wang Q, He J, Zhang H, Hong P, Leung KMY, Chen L, Wu H. Perfluorobutanesulfonate Interfering with the Intestinal Remodeling During Lithobates catesbeiana Metamorphosis via the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid Axis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2025; 59:5463-5473. [PMID: 40085680 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c12873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2025]
Abstract
The intestinal remodeling during amphibian metamorphosis is essential for adapting to various ecological niches of aquatic and terrestrial habitats. However, whether and how the widespread contaminant, perfluorobutanesulfonate (PFBS) affects intestinal remodeling remains unknown. In this study, tadpoles (Lithobates catesbeianus) at the G26 stage were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of PFBS (0, 1, 3, and 10 μg/L) until the end of metamorphosis. PFBS exposure resulted in reduced thyroid follicular glia; down-regulation of gene transcripts related to thyroid hormone synthesis; decreased blood hormone (corticotropin-releasing hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3)) and transthyretin concentrations; and up-regulation of gene transcripts related to thyroid hormone degrading enzymes. Moreover, exposure to PFBS induced apoptosis in single-layer columnar epithelial cells, suppressed the proliferation of intestinal stem cells, and hindered their differentiation into adult epithelial cells during intestinal remodeling. The responses of Notch and Wnt signaling pathways regulated by T3 were downregulated, and key gene transcripts (msi, pcna, and lgr5) involved in intestinal remodeling regulated by these two pathways were also downregulated. This is the first report on the effects of PFBS on amphibian metamorphosis. Overall, PFBS reduced thyroid hormone synthesis and transport by interfering with the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis and transthyretin expression, inhibited downstream Notch and Wnt signaling pathway responses, and ultimately led to incomplete intestinal remodeling to some extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Shu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-Founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jun He
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-Founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Huijuan Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-Founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Pei Hong
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-Founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Kenneth Mei Yee Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Lianguo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hailong Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-Founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
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10
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Shu Y, Zhang L, He J, Tang L, Wu Y, Hong P, Wu H, Chen L. Perfluorobutanesulfonate Induces Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis Disruption and Gonadal Dysplasia of Lithobates catesbeianus Tadpoles. Chem Res Toxicol 2025; 38:478-487. [PMID: 39983089 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.4c00498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2025]
Abstract
It is uncertain whether exposure to environmental concentrations of perfluorobutanesulfonate (PFBS) disrupts the reproductive endocrine system in amphibian tadpoles. In this study, tadpoles (Lithobates catesbeianus) in G26 stage were treated with different levels of PFBS (0, 1, 3, and 10 μg/L) for 60 days to investigate whether and how PFBS affects the reproductive endocrine system and gonadal development in tadpoles. Tadpole testes exhibited structural damage to germ cells and significantly fewer spermatogonia following PFBS exposure, but the sex ratio remained unaffected. Further, PFBS exposure downregulated transcripts of genes associated with ovarian (figla and nobox) and testicular (sox9 and dmrt1) development in tadpoles. Encoding gonadotropin hormone genes were transcriptionally upregulated in the pituitary, and serum gonadotropins (FSH and LH) were elevated. Genes related to testosterone synthesis were transcriptionally upregulated, and serum testosterone concentrations were raised. The transcription of the cyp19a1 gene, which is involved in the synthesis of estradiol (E2), was downregulated, leading to decreased levels of serum E2. Furthermore, the transcript level of the vitellogenin gene was downregulated in the liver. Thus, PFBS exposure appears to disrupt the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal-liver axis in tadpoles, subsequently impacting gonadal development. The findings of this study indicate that environmental concentrations of PFBS threaten the reproductive endocrine system in amphibians for the first time. This provides important insights for further investigation into the risk that PFBS poses to the stability of the amphibian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Jun He
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Lizhu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Yuting Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Pei Hong
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Hailong Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Lianguo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
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11
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Bian J, Guo Z, Liao G, Wang F, Yu YHK, Arrandale VH, Chan AHS, Huang J, Ge Y, Li X, Chen X, Lu B, Tang X, Liu C, Tse LA, Lu S. Increased health risk from co-exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, phthalates, and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances: Epidemiological insight from e-waste workers in Hong Kong. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2025; 958:177912. [PMID: 39671928 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.177912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2024] [Revised: 10/23/2024] [Accepted: 12/02/2024] [Indexed: 12/15/2024]
Abstract
The alarming surge in electronic waste (e-waste) in Hong Kong has heightened concerns regarding occupational exposure to a myriad of pollutants. Among these, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), phthalates (PAEs), and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are prevalent and known for their harmful effects, including the induction of oxidative stress and DNA damage, thereby contributing to various diseases. This study addresses gaps in knowledge by investigating exposure levels of these pollutants-measured via hydroxylated PAHs (OH-PAHs), phthalate metabolites (mPAEs), and PFASs-in urine from 101 e-waste workers and 100 office workers. E-waste workers exhibited higher concentrations of these substances compared to office workers. Elevated urinary levels of OH-PAHs, mPAEs, and PFASs correlated significantly with increased 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels (β = 2.53, 95 % CI: 2.12-3.02). The association between short-chain PFASs (Perfluoropentanoic acid, PFPeA) and DNA damage was discovered for the first time. Despite most participants (95 %) showing hazard index (HI) values below non-carcinogenic risk thresholds for PAHs and PAEs, certain pollutants posed higher risks among e-waste workers, necessitating enhanced protective measures. Moreover, the 95th percentile of carcinogenic risk associated with diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) exceeded 10-4 in both groups, highlighting the urgent need for regulatory measures to mitigate DEHP exposure risks in Hong Kong.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junye Bian
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of SunYat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhihui Guo
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of SunYat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Gengze Liao
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; The CUHK Centre for Public Health and Primary Care (Shenzhen) & Shenzhen Municipal Key Laboratory for Health Risk Analysis, Shenzhen Research Institute of the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Feng Wang
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; The CUHK Centre for Public Health and Primary Care (Shenzhen) & Shenzhen Municipal Key Laboratory for Health Risk Analysis, Shenzhen Research Institute of the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | | | | | - Alan Hoi-Shou Chan
- Department of Systems Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jiayin Huang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of SunYat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yiming Ge
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of SunYat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinjie Li
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of SunYat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xulong Chen
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of SunYat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bingjun Lu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of SunYat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinxin Tang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of SunYat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chengwen Liu
- Shenzhen Quality and Safety Inspection and Testing Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lap Ah Tse
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; The CUHK Centre for Public Health and Primary Care (Shenzhen) & Shenzhen Municipal Key Laboratory for Health Risk Analysis, Shenzhen Research Institute of the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China; Institute of Space and Earth Information Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Shaoyou Lu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of SunYat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
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12
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Wang D, Liu X, Guo Z, Shan W, Yang Z, Chen Y, Ju F, Zhang Y. Legacy and Novel Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Surface Soils across China: Source Tracking and Main Drivers for the Spatial Variation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:20160-20171. [PMID: 39475150 PMCID: PMC11562953 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c05913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 10/17/2024] [Accepted: 10/18/2024] [Indexed: 11/13/2024]
Abstract
China aims to actively control the contamination of globally concerning per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs). Evaluation of the current situation can provide a critical reference point for tracking the effectiveness of ongoing progress. Herein, we present the first comprehensive assessment of the spatial variations of 20 legacy and 54 novel PFASs in Chinese background soils in 2021. Novel PFASs were extensively detected in 98.4% of the samples, with 21 species being first reported, which greatly facilitated the appointment of diverse emission sources that aligned with local industrial structures. However, legacy PFASs still dominated the ∑74PFAS profile (median 0.51 ng/g, 0.050-8.33 ng/g). The spatial heterogeneity of soil PFASs was positively driven by economic development and atmospheric deposition, enabling the establishment of predictive models to project the national distribution and temporal trends. Elevated PFAS levels were predominantly distributed in the more industrialized eastern and southern regions, as well as other coastal areas with greater precipitation. ∑74PFAS in surface soils was estimated to increase by 12.9 pg/(g year) over 2002-2021, which would continue alongside economic growth, albeit with greater contributions from novel alternatives. Our work provides comprehensive baseline and predictive data to inform policies toward PFAS control in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danfan Wang
- College
of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou ,Zhejiang 310058, China
- Key
Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources of Zhejiang Province,
School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou ,Zhejiang 310030, China
| | - Xiangyu Liu
- College
of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou ,Zhejiang 310058, China
- Key
Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources of Zhejiang Province,
School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou ,Zhejiang 310030, China
| | - Zhefei Guo
- Key
Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources of Zhejiang Province,
School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou ,Zhejiang 310030, China
| | - Wenyu Shan
- College
of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou ,Zhejiang 310058, China
- Key
Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources of Zhejiang Province,
School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou ,Zhejiang 310030, China
| | - Zilin Yang
- Key
Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources of Zhejiang Province,
School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou ,Zhejiang 310030, China
| | - Yinjuan Chen
- Instrumentation
and Service Center for Molecular Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou ,Zhejiang310030, China
| | - Feng Ju
- Research
Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake
University, Hangzhou ,Zhejiang310030, China
- Key
Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources of Zhejiang Province,
School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou ,Zhejiang 310030, China
- Institute
of Advanced Technology, Westlake Institute
for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Research
Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake
University, Hangzhou ,Zhejiang310030, China
- Key
Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources of Zhejiang Province,
School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou ,Zhejiang 310030, China
- Institute
of Advanced Technology, Westlake Institute
for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
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13
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Sun B, Hu C, Li J, Yang Z, Chen L. Interaction between young fecal transplantation and perfluorobutanesulfonate endocrine disrupting toxicity in aged recipients: An estrobolome perspective. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 193:109133. [PMID: 39515036 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.109133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2024] [Revised: 11/05/2024] [Accepted: 11/05/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024]
Abstract
Transplanting young feces into the aged was found to effectively counteract the endocrine disrupting effects of perfluorobutanesulfonate (PFBS) pollutant, showing promise in the maintenance of healthy aging. However, the interactive mechanisms between young fecal transplantation and PFBS endocrine disruption during aging remain unclear. In this follow-up study, aged zebrafish were administered young donor feces and then exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of PFBS (0 and 100 μg/L). Alterations in the holistic estrobolome along gut-liver axis were investigated. The results showed that PFBS singular exposure significantly increased blood estradiol concentration in the aged, inducing an estrogenic activity. Concentrations of other estrogen forms, including estrone and estriol, were also disrupted by PFBS. Interestingly, young fecal transplant effectively mitigated the estrogenic toxicity of PFBS and largely restored estrogen equilibrium. After PFBS exposure, the transcriptions of estrogen metabolic genes were consistently upregulated in aged livers, causing the accumulation of 2-methoxyestradiol-3-methylether metabolite. In contrast, aged livers coexposed to young fecal transplant and PFBS enhanced the glucuronidation process, successfully facilitating the elimination and detoxification of estrogen metabolites. In aged gut, PFBS exposure inhibited β-glucuronidase enzyme activity, implying the suppression of estrogen deconjugation and recycle. However, in the combined group, β-glucuronidase activity was significantly stimulated, thus reestablishing estrobolome dynamics. Overall, current findings provide mechanistic insights into the antagonistic interaction between young fecal transplant and PFBS on reproductive endocrinology. Gut microbiota manipulation appears appealing to maintain healthy aging progression albeit the interruption of environmental xenobiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baili Sun
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chenyan Hu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jiali Li
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zixie Yang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lianguo Chen
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
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14
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Dai Y, Tian G, Wang H, Yuan H, Song G, Zhang H, Liu X, Yue T, Zhao J, Wang Z, Xing B. Distribution and bioaccumulation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in the Kuroshio Extension region of Northwest Pacific Ocean. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 265:122256. [PMID: 39186864 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are prevalently present in oceans, posing potential health risks to organisms and humans. However, information of PFAS distribution in remote open oceans is limited. In the Kuroshio Extension region of Northwest Pacific Ocean (6 stations), samples of 84 seawater (0-5800 m), 9 sediments, and 9 organisms were taken, and 25, 10, and 15 out of 29 PFASs were identified, respectively, with perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonates (PFOS) as the most dominant PFASs. In seawater, ΣPFASs concentration decreased from the Kuroshio region (4.47 ng/L) to the Oyashio region (3.15 ng/L), and decreased with increasing seawater depth under the function of biological and physical pumps. Additionally, 12 precursors and emerging PFASs, including perfluorooctane sulfonamide (FOSA, 0.20 ng/L), were detected. In sediment, PFASs (5.92-12.97 pg/g) were identified at depths exceeding 5000 m, including 3 precursors (e.g., FOSA, 0.82 pg/g). ΣPFASs contents were 27.12, 31.47 and 36.97 ng/g (dry weight) in brown algae (Phaeophyceae), barnacles (Balanus), and lanternfish (Myctophiformes), respectively, in which two precursors (e.g., FOSA, 0.09-0.12 ng/g) were also identified. A correlation with the trophic position was found for PFOA bioaccumulation. These findings provide useful information on PFAS distribution in the global open ocean environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Dai
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Guopeng Tian
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Hanyu Yuan
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Guodong Song
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center; Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Honghai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Tongtao Yue
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center.
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environment and Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst MA 01003, USA.
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15
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Bushong A, Sepúlveda M, Scherer M, Valachovic AC, Neill CM, Horn S, Choi Y, Lee LS, Baloni P, Hoskins T. Effects of Perfluorinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) on Amphibian Body and Liver Conditions: Is Lipid Metabolism Being Perturbed throughout Metamorphosis? TOXICS 2024; 12:732. [PMID: 39453152 PMCID: PMC11510839 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12100732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2024] [Revised: 09/29/2024] [Accepted: 10/03/2024] [Indexed: 10/26/2024]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) may interact with peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) and alter lipid homeostasis. Using Xenopus laevis, we investigated the effect of PFAS on (a) lipid homeostasis and whether this correlated to changes in body and hepatic condition; (b) the expression of hepatic genes regulated by PPAR; and (c) the hepatic lipidome. We chronically exposed tadpoles to 0.5 µg/L of either PFOS, PFHxS, PFOA, PFHxA, a binary mixture of PFOS and PFHxS (0.5 µg/L of each), or a control, from NF stage 52 through metamorphic climax. Growth, development, and survival were not affected, but we detected a sex-specific decrease in body condition at NF 66 (6.8%) and in hepatic condition (16.6%) across metamorphic climax for male tadpoles exposed to PFOS. We observed weak evidence for the transient downregulation of apolipoprotein-V (apoa5) at NF 62 in tadpoles exposed to PFHxA. Acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (acox1) was downregulated only in males exposed to PFHxS (Ln(Fold Change) = -0.54). We detected PFAS-specific downregulation of structural glycerophospholipids, while semi-quantitative profiling detected the upregulation in numerous glycerophospholipids, sphingomyelins, and diglycerides. Overall, our findings indicate that PFAS can induce sex-specific effects that change across larval development and metamorphosis. We demonstrate that PFAS alter lipid metabolism at environmentally relevant concentrations through divergent mechanisms that may not be related to PPARs, with an absence of effects on body condition, demonstrating the need for more molecular studies to elucidate mechanisms of PFAS-induced lipid dysregulation in amphibians and in other taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bushong
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (M.S.)
| | - Maria Sepúlveda
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (M.S.)
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370146, Chile
| | - Meredith Scherer
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (M.S.)
| | - Abigail C. Valachovic
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (M.S.)
| | - C. Melman Neill
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (M.S.)
| | - Sophia Horn
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (M.S.)
| | - Youn Choi
- Department of Agronomy and Environmental & Ecological Engineering, Interdisciplinary Ecological Sciences and Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (Y.C.); (L.S.L.)
| | - Linda S. Lee
- Department of Agronomy and Environmental & Ecological Engineering, Interdisciplinary Ecological Sciences and Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (Y.C.); (L.S.L.)
| | - Priyanka Baloni
- College of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
| | - Tyler Hoskins
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (M.S.)
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16
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Wen W, Gao L, Cheng H, Xiao L, Zhang S, Li S, Jiang X, Xia X. Legacy and alternative perfluoroalkyl acids in the Yellow River on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: Levels, spatiotemporal characteristics, and multimedia transport processes. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 262:122095. [PMID: 39032330 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
The source region of the Yellow River (SRYR) located in the northeast of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is not only the largest runoff-producing area in the Yellow River Basin, but also the most important freshwater-supply ecological function area in China. In this study, the short-term spatiotemporal distribution of selected legacy and alternative perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) in the SRYR was first investigated in multiple environmental media. Total PFAA concentrations were in the range of 1.16-14.3 ng/L, 4.25-42.1 pg/L, and 0.21-13.0 pg/g dw in rainwater, surface water, and sediment, respectively. C4-C7 PFAAs were predominant in various environmental matrices. Spatiotemporal characteristics were observed in the concentrations and composition profiles. Particularly, the spatial distribution of rainwater and the temporal distribution of surface water exhibited highly significant differences (p<0.01). Indian monsoon, westerly air masses, and local mountain-valley breeze were the driving factors that contributed to the change of rainwater. Rainwater, meltwater runoff, and precursor degradation were important sources of PFAA pollution in surface water. Organic carbon content was a major factor influencing PFAA distribution in sediment. These results provide a theoretical basis for revealing the regional transport and fate of PFAAs, and are also important prerequisites for effectively protecting the freshwater resource and aquatic environment of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Wen
- Instrumentation and Service Center for Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China; Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Lijuan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Office of Laboratory and Equipment Management, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Instrumentation and Service Center for Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China; College of Environment Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Lu Xiao
- Instrumentation and Service Center for Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China; Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Shangwei Zhang
- Advanced Interdisciplinary Institute of Environment and Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China.
| | - Siling Li
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xiaoman Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xinghui Xia
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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17
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Xing Z, Wang G, Liu S, Chen H, Dong X, Wang H, Liu Y. Legacy and emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in agricultural soils affected by fluorochemical manufacturing facilities, North China: Occurrence, region-specific distribution, substitution trend and source appointment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 474:134770. [PMID: 38838522 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Accompanied with restriction of legacy per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), numbers of emerging PFASs are widely detected in the environment. However, information on environmental occurrences and behaviors of emerging PFASs were scarce in agricultural soils. In this study, the spatial distributions, sources, substitution trends and ecological risk assessment of 31 legacy and emerging PFASs were investigated in 69 agricultural soils from Fuxin, North China. The 26 out of 31 PFASs were detected with concentrations of 57.36 - 1271.06 pg/g dry weight. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA) were predominant in legacy and emerging PFASs, respectively. Based on principal component and dual carbon-nitrogen stable isotope analysis, atmosphere, fluorochemical activities and river irrigation were main sources of PFASs. Substitution trends indicated HFPO-DA and short chain perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (C4 - C7) as main alternatives of PFOA, and 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (6:2 FTSA) and sodium p-perfluorous nonenoxybenzene sulfonate (OBS) as major substitutes to perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS). The calculated risk quotient values (< 0.006) only indicated potential low ecological risk of 7 target PFASs in agricultural soils. The results of this study broadened out the information of PFAS contamination in agricultural soils, which were significant for PFAS supervision in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziao Xing
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, No. 1 Linghai Road, Dalian 116026, PR China
| | - Guoguang Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, No. 1 Linghai Road, Dalian 116026, PR China.
| | - Shuaihao Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, No. 1 Linghai Road, Dalian 116026, PR China
| | - Haiyue Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, No. 1 Linghai Road, Dalian 116026, PR China
| | - Xu Dong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, No. 1 Linghai Road, Dalian 116026, PR China
| | - Haixia Wang
- Navigation College, Dalian Maritime University, No.1 Linghai Road, Dalian 116026, PR China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, No. 1 Linghai Road, Dalian 116026, PR China
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18
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Li J, Hu C, Zhao B, Li J, Chen L. Proteomic and cardiac dysregulation by representative perfluoroalkyl acids of different chemical speciation during early embryogenesis of zebrafish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:172000. [PMID: 38552965 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) of different chemical speciation were previously found to cause diverse toxicity. However, the toxicological mechanisms depending on chemical speciation are still largely unknown. In this follow-up study, zebrafish embryos were acutely exposed to only one concentration at 4.67 μM of the acid and salt of representative PFAAs, including perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorobutane carboxylic acid (PFBA), and perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS), till 96 h post-fertilization (hpf), aiming to gain more mechanistic insights. High-throughput proteomics found that PFAA acid and salt exerted discriminative effects on protein expression pattern. Bioinformatic analyses based on differentially expressed proteins underlined the developmental cardiotoxicity of PFOA acid with regard to cardiac muscle contraction, vascular smooth muscle contraction, adrenergic signaling in cardiomyocytes, and multiple terms related to myocardial contraction. PFOA salt and PFBS acid merely disrupted the cardiac muscle contraction pathway, while cardiac muscle cell differentiation was significantly enriched in PFBA acid-exposed zebrafish larvae. Consistently, under PFAA exposure, especially PFOA and PFBS acid forms, transcriptional levels of key genes for cardiogenesis and the concentrations of troponin and epinephrine associated with myocardial contraction were significantly dysregulated. Moreover, a transgenic line Tg (my17: GFP) expressing green fluorescent protein in myocardial cells was employed to visualize the histopathology of developing heart. PFOA acid concurrently caused multiple deficits in heart morphogenesis and function, which were characterized by the significant increase in sinus venosus and bulbus arteriosus distance (SV-BA distance), the induction of pericardial edema, and the decrease in heart rate, further confirming the stronger toxicity of PFOA acid than the salt counterpart on heart development. Overall, this study highlighted the developmental cardiotoxicity of PFAAs, with potency ranking PFOA > PFBS > PFBA. The acid forms of PFAAs induced stronger cardiac toxicity than their salt counterparts, providing an additional insight into the structure-toxicity relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430072, China; Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chenyan Hu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Jiali Li
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lianguo Chen
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
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19
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Du J, Zhang X, Li B, Huo S, Zhang J, Fu Y, Song M, Shao B, Li Y. The hepatotoxicity of hexafluoropropylene oxide trimer acid caused by apoptosis via endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondrial crosstalk. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 922:171234. [PMID: 38428612 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
As a ubiquitous pollutant in the environment, hexafluoropropylene oxide trimer acid (HFPO-TA) has been proven to have strong hepatotoxicity. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Consequently, in vivo and in vitro models of HFPO-TA exposure were established to investigate the detrimental effects of HFPO-TA on the liver. In vivo, we discovered that HFPO-TA enhanced endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mitochondrial association, caused mitochondrial oxidative damage, activated ER stress, and induced apoptosis in mouse livers. In vitro experiments confirmed that IP3R overexpression on ER structure increased mitochondrial calcium levels, which led to mitochondrial damage and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in HepG2 cells exposed to HFPO-TA. Subsequently, damaged mitochondria released a large amount of mitochondrial ROS, which activated ER stress and ER stress-dependent apoptosis. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that HFPO-TA can induce apoptosis by regulating the crosstalk between ER and mitochondria, ultimately leading to liver damage. These findings reveal the significant hepatotoxicity of HFPO-TA and its potential mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Du
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xuliang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Bo Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Siming Huo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yang Fu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Heze Vocational College, Heze 274031, China
| | - Miao Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Bing Shao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yanfei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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20
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Xu C, Xu C, Zhou Q, Shen C, Peng L, Liu S, Yin S, Li F. Spatial distribution, isomer signature and air-soil exchange of legacy and emerging poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 343:123222. [PMID: 38145639 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Widespread occurrences of various poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in terrestrial environment calls for the growing interest in their transport behaviors. However, limited studies detected PFAS with structural diversity in tree barks, which reflect the long-term contamination in atmosphere and play a vital role in air-soil exchange behaviors. In this study, 26 PFAS congeners and typical branched isomers were investigated in surface soils and tree barks at 28 sites along the Taihu Lake, Taipu River, and Huangpu River. Concentrations of total PFAS in soils and tree barks were 0.991-29.4 and 7.99-188 ng/g dw, with PFPeA and PFDoA were the largest contributors in the two matrices. The highest PFAS levels were found in the Taihu Lake watershed, where textile manufacturing and metal plating activities highly prosper. With regard to the congener and isomer signatures, short-chain homologs dominated in soils (65.5%), whereas long-chain PFAS showed a major proportion in barks (41.9%). The composition of linear isomers of PFOS, PFOA and PFHxS implied that precursor degradation might be an important source of PFAS in addition to the 3M electrochemical fluorination (ECF). Additionally, the distance from the emission source, total organic carbon (TOC), logKOA and logKOW were considered potential influencing factors in PFAS distributions. Based on the multi-media fugacity model, about 71% of the fugacity fraction (ffs) values of the PFAS were below 0.3, indicating the dominant deposition from the atmosphere to the soil. The average fluxes of air-soil exchange for PFAS were -0.700 ± 11.0 ng/(m2·h). Notably, the estimated daily exposure to PFAS ranged from 9.57 × 10-2 to 8.59 × 10-1 ng/kg·bw/day for children and 3.31 × 10-2 to 3.09 × 10-1 ng/kg·bw/day for adults, suggesting low risks from outdoor inhalation and dermal uptake. Overall, results from distribution with structural diversity, air-soil exchange and preliminary risk assessment. This study provided in-depth insight of PFAS in multi-medium environment and bridged gaps between field data and policy-making for pollution control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenye Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Chenman Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Chensi Shen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Leni Peng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Shuren Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Shanshan Yin
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Fang Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
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