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Ruiz-Fernández AC, Pérez-Bernal LH, Sanchez-Cabeza JA, Valencia-Castañeda G, Ontiveros-Cuadras JF, Alonso-Hernández CM. Accelerating microplastic contamination in 210Pb dated sediment cores from an urbanized coastal lagoon (NW Mexico) since the 1990s. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 951:175613. [PMID: 39168330 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
The ubiquity of microplastics (MP) across all ecosystems raises concerns about their potential harm to the environment and living organisms. Sediments are a MP sink, reflecting long-term accumulation and historical anthropogenic impacts. Three 210Pb-dated sediment cores were used to understand the temporal variations of MP abundances (particles kg-1) and fluxes (particles m-2 year-1) within the past century in Estero de Urías Lagoon, an urbanized coastal lagoon in the Mexican Pacific. MP particles, extracted from sediments by density separation (saturated NaCl solution) were counted using a stereomicroscope, under visible and ultraviolet light on Nile red (NR) stained filters. The polymer composition was determined in ∼10 % of the suspected MP particles using Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometry. Fibers (66 to 89 % of the total particles) predominated over fragments (11 to 34 %). Before 1950, no MP particles were detected. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was the prevalent synthetic polymer (up to 50 % of the particles), while semisynthetic cellulosic fibers were predominant, underscoring the broader scope of anthropogenic contamination. Suspected MP abundances (NR stained filters) were highest in the core collected at the innermost area, which was attributed to the lagoon's hydrodynamics, since current velocities decrease from the proximal to the distal area to the sea. From the regression between MP fluxes and time elapsed since sediments deposited, the cores showed consistent accelerated increases of MP burial since mid-20th century, most likely because of the increasing availability of plastic products and population growth, with the consequent increment in plastic waste and wastewater releases. Our findings emphasize the growing MP pollution challenges at EUL, which may directly impact subsistence fishing and shrimp aquaculture activities, threatening local livelihoods and food sources; and also highlight the need for improved waste management and pollution control strategies in rapidly industrializing regions, to protect both aquatic ecosystems and human populations dependent on fishing products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Ruiz-Fernández
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico.
| | - Libia Hascibe Pérez-Bernal
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico.
| | - Joan-Albert Sanchez-Cabeza
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico.
| | - Gladys Valencia-Castañeda
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Jorge Feliciano Ontiveros-Cuadras
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, UAPOC-Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, Mexico.
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2
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Schiano ME, D'Auria LJ, D'Auria R, Seccia S, Rofrano G, Signorelli D, Sansone D, Caprio E, Albrizio S, Cocca M. Microplastic contamination in the agri-food chain: The case of honeybees and beehive products. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 948:174698. [PMID: 38997016 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics, MPs, plastic fragments with a dimension lower than 5 mm, and microfibers, MFs, synthetic and natural/artificial fibrous fragments with a diameter lower than 50 μm, are ubiquitous pollutants identified in different environmental compartments. In this work the occurrence of MPs and MFs on honeybees, Apis mellifera, and beehive products was evaluated, using Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy, confirming that MPs and MFs are widely present as air contaminants in all the apiary's areas (high and low urbanized areas) in Southern Italy. Results indicated that independently from the site, both honeybees and honey samples, are contaminated by MFs with non-natural color. The majority of MFs were of natural origin followed by artificial MFs and synthetic MFs. Moreover, the chemical composition of MFs isolated from honeybees reflect that used in synthetic fabrics, leading to the hypothesis that they are released from textile to air where are captured by bees. Results highlight that MFs represent a class of ubiquitous airborne anthropogenic pollutants. The identification of polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE, MPs in honeybees confirm the recent findings that PTFE MPs are diffuse soil and air contaminants while the identification of polyethylene, PE, based MPs in honey samples, from low density urban sites, could be correlated to the large use of PE in agriculture. In the honey samples, also polycaprolactone, PCL, MPs were identified, mainly in high density urban sites, confirming that biodegradable materials could be further pollutants in the environments. The results indicate that honeybees are contaminated by MPs and MFs during their flights or picking up from the hive components, flowers, from other nest mates, from the clothes of the beekeeper, among others and some of them could be transferred to honey samples that could be also affected by soil contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marica Erminia Schiano
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials National Research Council of Italy, via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, NA, Italy; Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Jacopo D'Auria
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via Salute 2, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Roberta D'Auria
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials National Research Council of Italy, via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, NA, Italy
| | - Serenella Seccia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rofrano
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via Salute 2, 80055 Portici, Italy.
| | - Daniel Signorelli
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via Salute 2, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Donato Sansone
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l'Analisi e Studio di Correlazione tra Ambiente, Animale e Uomo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via Salute 2, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Emilio Caprio
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Università, 100 Portici, 80055 Naples, Italy
| | - Stefania Albrizio
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; Interuniversity Consortium INBB, Viale Medaglie d'Oro 305, 00136 Rome, Italy.
| | - Mariacristina Cocca
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials National Research Council of Italy, via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, NA, Italy
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3
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Alex RK, Muhammed TM, Kannankai MP, Radhakrishnan A, Borah A, Reghuvaran A, Devipriya SP. Microfiber pollution: Assessment, emission estimation, and time-series-based forecast of microfibers from domestic washing machine laundering and mitigation measures. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2024. [PMID: 39185940 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Microfibers are thread-like structures shorter than 5 mm and have natural, semisynthetic, or synthetic origins. These micropollutants are ubiquitous and are emerging in the environment, living organisms, and food sources. Textile laundering is a prominent source of microfibers, but limited research has been conducted on microfiber pollution from domestic washing machines in emerging economies such as India, where consumption and production rates are exorbitantly high. This study aimed to assess the abundance and size distribution of microfibers from the effluent of a semiautomatic domestic washing machine using three categories of "not-new" textiles: cotton, blended, and synthetic under "with" and "without" detergent conditions. Although most Indians still rely on hand washing, this study focused on washing machines due to their increasing use in India driven by improving socioeconomic factors. This study also developed annual emission estimation and forecasting models for India to understand pollution trends. The results revealed that microfibers were highly abundant in washing machine effluent, with a mean abundance of cotton, blended, and synthetic in "with detergent" conditions of 6476.67, 3766.67, and 8645/L, respectively, whereas in "without detergent," it was lower. All identified microfibers were divided into five size classes. The study also found that powdered detergent increased the abundance and emission of tiny fibers. The overall annual emissions estimate was 1.23 × 1011 microfibers, with cotton, synthetic, and blended categories accounting for 2.11 × 1010, 1.40 × 1010, and 6.15 × 109 microfibers, respectively. Time-series-based future estimates (autoregressive integrated moving average [ARIMA] and error-trend-seasonality [ETS]) showed an alarming increase in microfiber emissions, with forecasted annual emission reaching 1.90 × 1011 by 2030. Synthetic and cotton textiles are the most significant contributors to microfiber pollution. This study emphasized the urgent need to address the issue of microfiber pollution caused by washing machine laundering in developing countries, such as India, where sociodemographic factors intensify the problem. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;00:1-12. © 2024 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riya Kumbukattu Alex
- School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin, India
| | | | | | - Amal Radhakrishnan
- School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin, India
| | - Abhinab Borah
- School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin, India
| | - Abesh Reghuvaran
- Centre for Science in Society, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin, India
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4
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Ali A, Qamer S, Shahid M, Tomkova B, Khan MZ, Militky J, Wiener J, Venkataraman M. Micro- and Nanoplastics Produced from Textile Finishes: A Review. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40. [PMID: 39151927 PMCID: PMC11363132 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
The problem of increasing plastic pollution has emerged as a significant societal issue. Plastics can originate from various sources, and there is growing concern among researchers to study and investigate this new category of pollution. The plastic waste is found at the macro, micro, and nanoscale, and its study has had great significance according to the perspective of posing hazardous impacts on living organisms. Given the high demand for functional textiles, the textile industries are supporting the coating of different polymeric based finishes on the surface of textile products. The plastic debris emitted from these coated finishes are in the ranges of nanometric scale, so-called polymeric nanoplastics (PNPs). With the new terminology, polymeric nanoplastics (PNPs) released from textile finishes or coatings are being increasingly mentioned, and the term fibrous microplastics (FMPs) can be seen as outdated. This study is based on an intensive review of a very novel category of debris plastics (PNPs) mostly produced from textile finishes or coatings. In fact, FMPs and PNPs released from synthetic textiles and textiles coated with plastic-based finishes during washing activities are considered to be a major cause that contributes to the current overall load of microplastics (MPs) in the environment. A link between the concentration of NPs from textile fibers and NPs from textile polymeric-based coatings in freshwater and sediments within a particular local setting and the extent of activities of the textile industry has been demonstrated. Invested efforts have been paid to consider and concentrate on plastic pollution (nanoplastics from textile polymeric coatings). We also summarize existing methodologies to elucidate the identification and proactive quantification of nanoplastics shed from the textile polymeric coatings. To this end, more than 40 studies have been done to identify the physical, chemical, and mechanical parameters and to characterize nanoplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Ali
- Department
of Material Sciences, Technical University
of Liberec, Liberec, 460 15, Czech
Republic
| | - Shafqat Qamer
- Department
of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department
of Material Sciences, Technical University
of Liberec, Liberec, 460 15, Czech
Republic
| | - Blanka Tomkova
- Department
of Material Sciences, Technical University
of Liberec, Liberec, 460 15, Czech
Republic
| | - Muhammad Zaman Khan
- Department
of Material Sciences, Technical University
of Liberec, Liberec, 460 15, Czech
Republic
| | - Jiri Militky
- Department
of Material Sciences, Technical University
of Liberec, Liberec, 460 15, Czech
Republic
| | - Jakub Wiener
- Department
of Material Sciences, Technical University
of Liberec, Liberec, 460 15, Czech
Republic
| | - Mohanapriya Venkataraman
- Department
of Material Sciences, Technical University
of Liberec, Liberec, 460 15, Czech
Republic
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5
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MacAulay S, Masud N, Cable J. Analysis of bamboo fibres and their associated dye on a freshwater fish host-parasite system. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:51025-51036. [PMID: 39138730 PMCID: PMC11364605 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34626-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
With the growth of the fashion and textile industries into the twenty-first century, associated pollution has become pervasive. Fibre-based microplastics are the most common types of plastics recovered from aquatic ecosystems encouraging the move towards organic fibre usage. Often marketed as biodegradable and 'environmentally friendly', organic textile fibres are seen as less harmful, but their impacts are understudied. Here, we assess the health effects of reconstituted bamboo-viscose fibres, processed bamboo-elastane fibres (both at 700 fibres/L) and their associated dye (Reactive Black-5, at 1 mg/L) on fish, with an emphasis on disease resistance utilising an established host-parasite system: the freshwater guppy host (Poecilia reticulata) and Gyrodactylus turnbulli (monogenean ectoparasite). Following 3 weeks exposure to the bamboo fibres and associated dye, half the experimental fish were infected with G. turnbulli, after which individual parasite trajectories were monitored for a further 17 days. Overall, exposures to reconstituted bamboo-viscose fibres, processed bamboo-elastane fibres or dye were not associated with any change in host mortality nor any significant changes in parasite infection burdens. When analysing the routine metabolic rate (RMR) of fish, uninfected fish had, on average, significantly impacted RMR when exposed to processed bamboo-elastane (increased RMR) and reconstituted bamboo-viscose (decreased RMR). Hosts exposed to reconstituted bamboo-viscose and the associated dye treatment showed significant changes in RMR pre- and post-infection. This study bolsters the growing and needed assessment of the potential environmental impacts of alternative non-plastic fibres; nevertheless, more research is needed in this field to prevent potential greenwashing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott MacAulay
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK.
| | - Numair Masud
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Jo Cable
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK
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6
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Stanton T, James A, Prendergast-Miller MT, Peirson-Smith A, KeChi-Okafor C, Gallidabino MD, Namdeo A, Sheridan KJ. Natural Fibers: Why Are They Still the Missing Thread in the Textile Fiber Pollution Story? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:12763-12766. [PMID: 38986138 PMCID: PMC11270977 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c05126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Stanton
- Department
of Geography and Environment, Loughborough
University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, U.K.
| | - Alana James
- Department
of Design, Northumbria University, Newcastle NE1 8ST, U.K.
| | - Miranda T. Prendergast-Miller
- Department
of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Engineering and
Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle NE1 8ST, U.K.
| | | | - Chimdia KeChi-Okafor
- Department
of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Engineering and
Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle NE1 8ST, U.K.
| | - Matteo D. Gallidabino
- King’s
Forensics, Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, U.K.
| | - Anil Namdeo
- Department
of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Engineering and
Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle NE1 8ST, U.K.
| | - Kelly J. Sheridan
- Centre
for Forensic Science, Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health
and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle NE1 8ST, U.K.
- The Microfibre
Consortium, Newminster
House, 27−29 Baldwin Street, Bristol BS1 1LT, U.K.
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Kuprijanov I, Buhhalko N, Eriksson U, Sjöberg V, Rotander A, Kolesova N, Lipp M, Buschmann F, Hashmi A, Liblik T, Lehtonen KK. A case study on microlitter and chemical contaminants: Assessing biological effects in the southern coast of the Gulf of Finland (Baltic sea) using the mussel Mytilus trossulus as a bioindicator. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 199:106628. [PMID: 38968804 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Chemical and microlitter (ML) pollution in three Estonian coastal areas (Baltic Sea) was investigated using mussels (Mytilus trossulus). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in mussel tissues were observed in moderate levels with high bioaccumulation factors for the more hydrophilic and low molecular weight PAH (LMW PAH), namely anthracene and fluorene. Tissue concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) and cadmium within mussel populations exceeded the Good Environmental Status thresholds by more than 200% and 60%, respectively. Multiple contamination at the Muuga Harbour site by tributyltin, high molecular weight PAH, including the highly toxic benzo[c]fluorene and PBDE, coincided with the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity and a lower condition index of the mussels. The metabolization and removal of bioaccumulated LMW PAH, reflected in the dominance of oxy-PAH such as anthracene-9,10-dione, is likely associated with the increased activity of glutathione S-transferase in caged mussels. Only a few microplastic particles were observed among the ML in mussel tissues, with coloured cellulose-based microfibers being the most prevalent. The average concentration of ML in mussels was significantly higher at the harbour area than at other sites. The integrated biomarker response index values allowed for the differentiation of pollution levels across studied locations representing high, intermediate, and low pollution levels within the studied area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Kuprijanov
- Department of Marine Systems, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia Tee 15a, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Natalja Buhhalko
- Department of Marine Systems, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia Tee 15a, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Ulrika Eriksson
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Grenadjärgatan 8, 703 65, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Viktor Sjöberg
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Grenadjärgatan 8, 703 65, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Anna Rotander
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Grenadjärgatan 8, 703 65, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Natalja Kolesova
- Department of Marine Systems, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia Tee 15a, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Maarja Lipp
- Department of Marine Systems, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia Tee 15a, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Fred Buschmann
- Department of Marine Systems, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia Tee 15a, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Arslan Hashmi
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Grenadjärgatan 8, 703 65, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Taavi Liblik
- Department of Marine Systems, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia Tee 15a, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Kari K Lehtonen
- Marine and Freshwater Solutions Unit, Finnish Environment Institute (Syke), Agnes Sjöbergin Katu 2, FI-00790, Helsinki, Finland
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Chen H, Shan X, Qiu X, Ding L, Liang X, Guo X. High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Combined with Reactive Oxygen Species Reveals Differences in Photoreactivity of Dissolved Organic Matter from Microplastic Sources in Aqueous Environments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:10334-10346. [PMID: 38805726 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c03901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs)-derived dissolved organic matter (MPs-DOM) is becoming a non-negligible source of DOM pools in aquatic systems, but there is limited understanding about the photoreactivity of different MPs-DOM. Herein, MPs-DOM from polystyrene (PS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), PE, and polypropylene (PP), representing aromatic, biodegradable, and aliphatic plastics, were prepared to examine their photoreactivity. Spectral and high-resolution mass spectrometry analyses revealed that PS/PET/PBAT-DOM contained more unsaturated aromatic components, whereas PE/PP-DOM was richer in saturated aliphatic components. Photodegradation experiments observed that unsaturated aromatic molecules were prone to be degraded compared to saturated aliphatic molecules, leading to a higher degradation of PS/PET/PBAT-DOM than PE/PP-DOM. PS/PET/PBAT-DOM was mainly degraded by hydroxyl (•OH) via attacking unsaturated aromatic structures, whereas PE/PP-DOM by singlet oxygen (1O2) through oxidizing aliphatic side chains. The [•OH]ss was 1.21-1.60 × 10-4 M in PS/PET/PBAT-DOM and 0.97-1.14 × 10-4 M in PE/PP-DOM, while the [1O2]ss was 0.90-1.35 × 10-12 and 0.33-0.44 × 10-12 M, respectively. This contributes to the stronger photoreactivity of PS/PET/PBAT-DOM with a higher unsaturated aromatic degree than PE/PP-DOM. The photodegradation of MPs-DOM reflected a decreasing tendency from aromatic-unsaturated molecules to aliphatic-saturated molecules. Special attention should be paid to the photoreactivity and environmental impacts associated with MPs-DOM containing highly unsaturated aromatic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiaoling Shan
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xinran Qiu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ling Ding
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xujun Liang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xuetao Guo
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Tserendorj D, Illés Á, Károly Á, Stadler-Szalai R, Sandil S, Mireisz T, Dobosy P, Pomázi F, Baranya S, Adányi M, Záray G. Microfiber emission from a municipal wastewater treatment plant in Hungary. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12041. [PMID: 38802478 PMCID: PMC11130252 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62817-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Since the ingestion of both natural and anthropogenic microfibers produces a deleterious effect on aquatic organisms, it is crucial to explore the emission of these pollutants by WWTPs into the receiving water bodies, such as rivers. Cellulose- and petroleum-based microfibers, as well as microplastic particles, were collected from the effluent of a municipal WWTP operating with activated sludge technology in Budapest, Hungary. During two sampling campaigns organized in February and April of 2023 on different working days and at different times of the day, 123-145 L of effluent was sieved and filtered. The organic matter was removed by hydrogen-peroxide treatment. All fibers and particles larger than 10 µm were counted, and using a fluorescence microscope, the fibers were geometrically characterized in terms of length and diameter. Each fiber was individually identified by transflection-FT-IR method. The fiber concentration varied in the range of 1.88-2.84 and 4.25-6.79 items/L during the 7th and the 16th week of 2023, respectively. In February and April, the proportion of microfibers in the solid particles was 78.3 and 94.7%, respectively. In the effluent the cellulose-based microfibers were dominant (53-91%), while among the petroleum-based microfibers, polyester occurred most often. The median length of cellulose-based fibers was considerably higher in April than in February (650 vs. 1250 µm), and simultaneously the median diameter also increased from 21 to 29 µm. This behaviour was also seen, albeit to a lesser extent, in connection to microfibers derived from petroleum. The treated wastewater's daily microfiber transport to the Danube River varied between 0.44 - 0.69 and 0.94-1.53 billion in February and April 2023, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davaakhuu Tserendorj
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, HUN-REN Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina Út 29-31, Budapest, 1113, Hungary
- National Laboratory for Water Science and Water Security, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, HUN-REN Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina Út 29-31, Budapest, 1113, Hungary
| | - Ádám Illés
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, HUN-REN Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina Út 29-31, Budapest, 1113, Hungary
- National Laboratory for Water Science and Water Security, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, HUN-REN Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina Út 29-31, Budapest, 1113, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Károly
- Hungarian Institute for Forensic Sciences, Mosonyi Str. 9, Budapest, 1087, Hungary
| | - Rita Stadler-Szalai
- Hungarian Institute for Forensic Sciences, Mosonyi Str. 9, Budapest, 1087, Hungary
| | - Sirat Sandil
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, HUN-REN Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina Út 29-31, Budapest, 1113, Hungary
- National Laboratory for Water Science and Water Security, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, HUN-REN Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina Út 29-31, Budapest, 1113, Hungary
| | - Tamás Mireisz
- Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter Sétány 1/C, Budapest, 1113, Hungary
| | - Péter Dobosy
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, HUN-REN Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina Út 29-31, Budapest, 1113, Hungary
- National Laboratory for Water Science and Water Security, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, HUN-REN Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina Út 29-31, Budapest, 1113, Hungary
| | - Flóra Pomázi
- Department of Hydraulic and Water Resources Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem Rkp. 3, Budapest, 1111, Hungary
- National Laboratory for Water Science and Water Security, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Department of Hydraulic and Water Resources Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem Rkp. 3, Budapest, 1111, Hungary
| | - Sándor Baranya
- Department of Hydraulic and Water Resources Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem Rkp. 3, Budapest, 1111, Hungary
- National Laboratory for Water Science and Water Security, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Department of Hydraulic and Water Resources Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem Rkp. 3, Budapest, 1111, Hungary
| | - Mónika Adányi
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, HUN-REN Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina Út 29-31, Budapest, 1113, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter Sétány 1/C, Budapest, 1113, Hungary
| | - Gyula Záray
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, HUN-REN Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina Út 29-31, Budapest, 1113, Hungary.
- National Laboratory for Water Science and Water Security, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, HUN-REN Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina Út 29-31, Budapest, 1113, Hungary.
- Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter Sétány 1/A, Budapest, 1113, Hungary.
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10
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Gálvez-Blanca V, Edo C, González-Pleiter M, Fernández-Piñas F, Leganés F, Rosal R. Microplastics and non-natural cellulosic particles in Spanish bottled drinking water. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11089. [PMID: 38750101 PMCID: PMC11096351 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62075-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
This investigation explored the presence of microplastics (MPs) and artificial cellulosic particles (ACPs) in commercial water marketed in single use 1.5 L poly(ethylene terephthalate) bottles. In this work we determined a mass concentration of 1.61 (1.10-2.88) µg/L and 1.04 (0.43-1.82) µg/L for MPs and ACPs respectively in five top-selling brands from the Spanish bottled water market. Most MPs consisted of white and transparent polyester and polyethylene particles, while most ACPs were cellulosic fibers likely originating from textiles. The median size of MPs and ACPs was 93 µm (interquartile range 76-130 µm) and 77 µm (interquartile range 60-96 µm), respectively. Particle mass size distributions were fitted to a logistic function, enabling comparisons with other studies. The estimated daily intake of MPs due to the consumption of bottled water falls within the 4-18 ng kg-1 day-1 range, meaning that exposure to plastics through bottled water probably represents a negligible risk to human health. However, it's worth noting that the concentration of plastic found was much higher than that recorded for tap water, which supports the argument in favour of municipal drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Gálvez-Blanca
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Edo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel González-Pleiter
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisca Fernández-Piñas
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C. Darwin 2, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Leganés
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C. Darwin 2, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Rosal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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11
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Alves NM, Rodriguez J, Di Mauro R, Rodríguez JS, Maldonado D, Braverman MS, Temperoni B, Diaz MV. Like noodles in a soup: Anthropogenic microfibers are being ingested by juvenile fish in nursery grounds of the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 202:116368. [PMID: 38678732 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The balance between marine health and ecosystem sustainability confronts a pressing threat from anthropogenic pollution. Estuaries are particularly susceptible to contamination, notably by anthropogenic microfibers originated from daily human activities in land and in fishing practices. This study examines the impact of anthropogenic microfibers on the whitemouth croaker in an estuarine environment of the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean during cold and warm seasons. The presence of anthropogenic microfibers was revealed in 64 % of juvenile gastrointestinal tracts, and 94 % of water samples, and concentrations were influenced by factors such as temperature, bay zone, and fish body length. Blue and black anthropogenic microfibers, with a rather new physical aspect, were dominant. This study highlights the impact of microfibers in a heavily anthropized body of water, subject to federal and local regulations due to the presence of commercially significant fish species inhabiting this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia M Alves
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero (INIDEP), Paseo Victoria Ocampo N° 1, B7602HSA Mar del Plata, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290 (C1425FQB) CABA - República Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC - CONICET), Juan B. Justo 2550, B7608FBY, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Julieta Rodriguez
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero (INIDEP), Paseo Victoria Ocampo N° 1, B7602HSA Mar del Plata, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290 (C1425FQB) CABA - República Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC - CONICET), Juan B. Justo 2550, B7608FBY, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Rosana Di Mauro
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero (INIDEP), Paseo Victoria Ocampo N° 1, B7602HSA Mar del Plata, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290 (C1425FQB) CABA - República Argentina.
| | - Julieta S Rodríguez
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero (INIDEP), Paseo Victoria Ocampo N° 1, B7602HSA Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - David Maldonado
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero (INIDEP), Paseo Victoria Ocampo N° 1, B7602HSA Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Mara S Braverman
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero (INIDEP), Paseo Victoria Ocampo N° 1, B7602HSA Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Brenda Temperoni
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero (INIDEP), Paseo Victoria Ocampo N° 1, B7602HSA Mar del Plata, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290 (C1425FQB) CABA - República Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC - CONICET), Juan B. Justo 2550, B7608FBY, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Marina V Diaz
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero (INIDEP), Paseo Victoria Ocampo N° 1, B7602HSA Mar del Plata, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290 (C1425FQB) CABA - República Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC - CONICET), Juan B. Justo 2550, B7608FBY, Mar del Plata, Argentina
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12
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Memon H, Hu D, Wu L, Wang Y, Yao J, Militky J, Kremenakova D, Zhu G. Structure, properties, and fabric applicability of sustainable paper yarn with high washing stability. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27467. [PMID: 38495140 PMCID: PMC10943448 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
This research provides an in-depth assessment of two paper yarn variants, examining their structural, functional, and performance characteristics. These yarns demonstrated favorable properties, including suitable linear density, twist, typical cellulosic functional groups as confirmed by Infrared spectroscopy, minimal hairiness, moisture transfer, and creditable mechanical strength. These yarns have flat layered cross-sections and grooved longitudinal surfaces. In addition, a low hairiness index (1.3-1.33) further acknowledged their smooth surface. Their remarkable evenness (15.86% and 7.08%) supported their effective wicking properties. Despite average breaking strength (0.77 cN/dTex and 1.05 cN/dTex) and moderate elongation, these yarns exhibited exceptional water-washing resistance and retained over 89% breaking strength after 15 washes. This study ranks these paper yarns as highly suitable for durable clothing fabrics, providing promising sustainable alternatives in the textile industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafeezullah Memon
- College of Textile Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Diefei Hu
- College of Textile Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center of Advanced Textile Technology, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Lingya Wu
- College of Textile Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Textile Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Zhejiang-Czech Joint Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Xiangshan Knitting Research Institute of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Xiangshan 315700, China
| | - Juming Yao
- Zhejiang-Czech Joint Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jiri Militky
- Faculty of Textile, Technical University of Liberec, 46117 Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Kremenakova
- Faculty of Textile, Technical University of Liberec, 46117 Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Guocheng Zhu
- College of Textile Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center of Advanced Textile Technology, Shaoxing 312000, China
- Zhejiang-Czech Joint Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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13
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Lu HC, Smith JL, Ziajahromi S, Leusch FDL. Microplastics and other anthropogenic fibres in large apex shark species: Abundance, characteristics, and recommendations for future research. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140957. [PMID: 38128742 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics and microfibres are found ubiquitously in global oceans as well as marine organisms from different trophic levels. However, little is known about the presence of microplastics and microfibres in marine megafauna, such as sharks. This study provided the first investigation of the presence of microplastics and other anthropogenic fibres (i.e., cellulose based fibres) in intestine and muscle samples of four large apex shark species in Australian coastal waters. Microplastics and other anthropogenic fibres were found in 82% of the analysed intestine samples. The mean abundance in intestine samples was 3.1 ± 2.6 particles/individual, which corresponded to 0.03 ± 0.02 particles/g of intestine, across all shark species. The size of particles ranged from 190 to 4860 μm in length with 92% being fibrous in shape and the rest fragments. FTIR spectroscopy identified that 70% of fibres were cellulose-based followed by polyethylene terephthalate (PET), while the fragments were polyethylene and polypropylene. In shark muscles, 60% of samples contained microplastics and other anthropogenic fibres, again with the majority being cellulose-based fibres followed by PET fibres. Methodological differences hinder a more comprehensive assessment of microplastic contamination across studies. Additionally, we identified some challenges which should be factored in for future studies looking at the presence of microplastics as well as other anthropogenic fibres in these large marine organisms. Overall, the findings provide first evidence of microplastics and other anthropogenic fibres not only in the intestines, but also in muscle tissues of large apex shark species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan-Cheng Lu
- Australian Rivers Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport QLD 4222, Australia.
| | - Julia L Smith
- Australian Rivers Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Shima Ziajahromi
- Australian Rivers Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Frederic D L Leusch
- Australian Rivers Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport QLD 4222, Australia
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14
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Martynova A, Genchi L, Laptenok SP, Cusack M, Stenchikov GL, Liberale C, Duarte CM. Atmospheric microfibrous deposition over the Eastern Red Sea coast. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 907:167902. [PMID: 37858811 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
The transport of microplastics through the atmosphere has been acknowledged as a significant route for their dispersion across different environments. Microplastics of fibrous shape often prevail in environmental samples, although their composition identification might be challenging and lead to an overestimation of plastic microfibers (MFs). Conversely, MFs of natural origin are rarely reported in microplastics studies despite the lack of consensus on the risks they may pose to the environment. In this study, airborne MFs collected in a sparsely populated residential area on the shore of the Eastern Red Sea were analyzed to investigate their abundance and polymer composition and assess their potential transport and deposition rates. The length of observed fibers ranged from 183 μm to 11,877 μm, with 3 % of fibers being >5 mm. The average length of MFs (< 5 mm) was 1378 ± 934 μm. Plastic MFs comprised 10 % of all identified MFs, with polyester being the most common plastic polymer (81.25 %). The mean abundance of airborne MFs was 0.9 ± 0.8 × 10-2 MFs m-3. The estimated mean atmospheric microfibrous deposition was 70 MFs m-2 d-1, with a component of 8 plastic MFs m-2 d-1. Based on the HYSPLIT backward trajectory analysis, fibers of local origin (estimated to travel approximately 25 km before sampling) were deposited at the sampling location. Air masses of northwestern origin traveling along the coast of the Eastern Red Sea dominated, potentially reducing the abundance of airborne MFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia Martynova
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; KAUST Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Saudi Arabia; KAUST Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Luca Genchi
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sergey P Laptenok
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michael Cusack
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Georgiy L Stenchikov
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Saudi Arabia
| | - Carlo Liberale
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Saudi Arabia
| | - Carlos M Duarte
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; KAUST Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Saudi Arabia; KAUST Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Edo C, Fernández-Piñas F, Leganes F, Gómez M, Martínez I, Herrera A, Hernández-Sánchez C, González-Sálamo J, Borges JH, López-Castellanos J, Bayo J, Romera-Castillo C, Elustondo D, Santamaría C, Alonso R, García-Gómez H, Gonzalez-Cascon R, Martínez-Hernández V, Landaburu-Aguirre J, Incera M, Gago J, Noya B, Beiras R, Muniategui-Lorenzo S, Rosal R, González-Pleiter M. A nationwide monitoring of atmospheric microplastic deposition. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:166923. [PMID: 37704133 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Plastic production continues to increase every year, yet it is widely acknowledged that a significant portion of this material ends up in ecosystems as microplastics (MPs). Among all the environmental compartments affected by MPs, the atmosphere remains the least well-known. Here, we conducted a one-year simultaneous monitoring of atmospheric MPs deposition in ten urban areas, each with different population sizes, economic activities, and climates. The objective was to assess the role of the atmosphere in the fate of MPs by conducting a nationwide quantification of atmospheric MP deposition. To achieve this, we deployed collectors in ten different urban areas across continental Spain and the Canary Islands. We implemented a systematic sampling methodology with rigorous quality control/quality assurance, along with particle-oriented identification and quantification of anthropogenic particle deposition, which included MPs and industrially processed natural fibres. Among the sampled MPs, polyester fibres were the most abundant, followed by acrylic polymers, polypropylene, and alkyd resins. Their equivalent sizes ranged from 22 μm to 398 μm, with a median value of 71 μm. The particle size distribution of MPs showed fewer large particles than expected from a three-dimensional fractal fragmentation pattern, which was attributed to the higher mobility of small particles, especially fibres. The atmospheric deposition rate of MPs ranged from 5.6 to 78.6 MPs m-2 day-1, with the higher values observed in densely populated areas such as Barcelona and Madrid. Additionally, we detected natural polymers, mostly cellulosic fibres with evidence of industrial processing, with a deposition rate ranging from 6.4 to 58.6 particles m-2 day-1. There was a positive correlation was found between the population of the study area and the median of atmospheric MP deposition, supporting the hypothesis that urban areas act as sources of atmospheric MPs. Our study presents a systematic methodology for monitoring atmospheric MP deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Edo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Alcalá, E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisca Fernández-Piñas
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. C Darwin 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Leganes
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. C Darwin 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - May Gómez
- Ecophysiology of Marine Organisms (EOMAR), IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Ico Martínez
- Ecophysiology of Marine Organisms (EOMAR), IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Alicia Herrera
- Ecophysiology of Marine Organisms (EOMAR), IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Cintia Hernández-Sánchez
- Applied Analytical Chemistry Research Group (AChem), Universidad de La Laguna. Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/n, 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Javier González-Sálamo
- Applied Analytical Chemistry Research Group (AChem), Universidad de La Laguna. Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/n, 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Javier Hernández Borges
- Applied Analytical Chemistry Research Group (AChem), Universidad de La Laguna. Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/n, 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Joaquín López-Castellanos
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Cartagena, Paseo Alfonso XIII 44, E-30203, Cartagena, Spain
| | - Javier Bayo
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Cartagena, Paseo Alfonso XIII 44, E-30203, Cartagena, Spain
| | - Cristina Romera-Castillo
- Instituto de Ciencias del Mar-CSIC, Paseo Marítimo de la Barceloneta, 37, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Elustondo
- Instituto de Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (BIOMA), Universidad de Navarra, Campues Universitario, 31080 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carolina Santamaría
- Instituto de Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (BIOMA), Universidad de Navarra, Campues Universitario, 31080 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Rocío Alonso
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Avda. Complutense, 40, Madrid, Spain
| | - Héctor García-Gómez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Avda. Complutense, 40, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosario Gonzalez-Cascon
- Department of Environment, National Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (INIA), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Mónica Incera
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO-CSIC), Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Subida a Radio Faro 50, 36390 Vigo, Spain
| | - Jesús Gago
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO-CSIC), Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Subida a Radio Faro 50, 36390 Vigo, Spain
| | - Beatriz Noya
- Centro de Investigación Mariña da Universidade de Vigo (CIM-UVigo), Vigo, Galicia, Spain
| | - Ricardo Beiras
- Centro de Investigación Mariña da Universidade de Vigo (CIM-UVigo), Vigo, Galicia, Spain
| | - Soledad Muniategui-Lorenzo
- University of A Coruña. Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada (QANAP), Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, A Coruña 15071, Spain
| | - Roberto Rosal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Alcalá, E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Miguel González-Pleiter
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. C Darwin 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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16
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Kyriakoudes G, Turner A. Suspended and deposited microplastics in the coastal atmosphere of southwest England. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 343:140258. [PMID: 37751808 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric microplastics (MPs) have been sampled from coastal southwest England during twelve periods over a 42-day timeframe in late autumn. MPs were dominated by fibres, with foams, fragments and pellets also observed. The majority of fibres were identified as the semisynthetic polymer, rayon, while other shapes were dominated by various petroleum-based thermoplastics (including polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyamide and polyester) and paints. MP concentrations suspended in air ranged from 0.016 to 0.238 items per m3 but displayed no clear dependence on wind speed or direction. Total depositional fluxes ranged from 0.47 to 3.30 m-2 h-1 and showed no clear dependence on wind conditions or electrical conductivity of precipitation (as a measure of maritime influence). However, the concentration of deposited MPs in rainwater was inversely related to rainfall volume, suggesting that incipient precipitation acts to efficiently washout microplastics. A comparison of deposited and suspended MPs by size, shape and polymer type suggests that larger fibres constructed of rayon, polyamide and acrylic are preferentially removed from the atmosphere relative to smaller, non-fibrous MPs and particles constructed of polyester. A quantitative comparison of deposited and suspended MPs provided estimates of location- and environment-specific net settling velocities of between about 7 and 180 m h-1 and corresponding residence times for an air column of 5000 m of between about 30 and 700 h. The findings of the study contribute to an improved understanding of the occurrence, transport and deposition of MPs in the atmosphere more generally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giannis Kyriakoudes
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth University Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Andrew Turner
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth University Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK.
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17
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Matos DM, Ramos JA, Bessa F, Silva V, Rodrigues I, Antunes S, Dos Santos I, Coentro J, Brandão ALC, Batista de Carvalho LAE, Marques MPM, Santos S, Paiva VH. Anthropogenic debris ingestion in a tropical seabird community: Insights from taxonomy and foraging distribution. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 898:165437. [PMID: 37437636 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Oceans have been considered as an unlimited supply of goods and services, but resource extraction and waste disposal became ubiquitous and have been damaging the health of marine ecosystems. Finding suitable sentinel species of the human impacts on the oceans is thus imperative, since they may work as early warnings of disruptive situations. In this study, we investigated how taxonomy and foraging distribution influenced the occurrence of anthropogenic debris among five seabird species inhabiting the tropical Atlantic region. Occurrence of anthropogenic debris was assessed using faeces of breeding individuals as a proxy of ingestion. A total of 268 particles were extracted from all samples. The categories "fragments" and "fibres", as well as the colour "blue", were the most prevalent characteristics across species. There was a high diversity of polymers from cellulosic particles to synthetic plastics (Anthropogenic Cellulosic 26.9 %; Polyester 7.7 %; Varnish 5.8 %; Polypropylene 1.9 %). Species with a more coastal foraging strategy exhibited higher occurrence and number of anthropogenic debris when compared to species foraging comparably more in pelagic areas. This suggests that anthropogenic debris are more prevalent in coastal foraging areas, where human activities occur in higher number and frequency (e.g., fisheries) and sources of freshwater input from inland are at close distance. These results provide more evidence to the growing perception on the ubiquity and diversity of anthropogenic debris in the marine environment, and further support the usefulness of using seabirds as bio-indicators of anthropogenic pollution in both neritic and oceanic regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Matos
- University of Coimbra, MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - J A Ramos
- University of Coimbra, MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Filipa Bessa
- University of Coimbra, MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Vítor Silva
- University of Coimbra, MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Isabel Rodrigues
- Biosfera Cabo Verde, Sul do Cemitério, Rua 5 - Caixa Postal 233, São Vicente, Cabo Verde
| | - Stefan Antunes
- Biosfera Cabo Verde, Sul do Cemitério, Rua 5 - Caixa Postal 233, São Vicente, Cabo Verde
| | - I Dos Santos
- University of Coimbra, MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Coentro
- University of Coimbra, MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - A L C Brandão
- University of Coimbra, Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - L A E Batista de Carvalho
- University of Coimbra, Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - M P M Marques
- University of Coimbra, Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal; University of Coimbra, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sara Santos
- University of Coimbra, MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - V H Paiva
- University of Coimbra, MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
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18
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Kumar M, Chaudhary DR, Jha B. Surface-associated bacterial assemblages on marine anthropogenic litter in the intertidal zone of the Arabian Sea, India. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 193:115211. [PMID: 37392592 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic marine litter (mainly plastic pollution) is a serious concern globally. The interactions between terrestrial and marine ecosystems lead to the accumulation of marine litter in the intertidal zone. The biofilm-forming bacteria tend to colonize on surfaces of marine litter which are composed of diverse bacteria and are less studied. The present study investigated the bacterial community composition using both culturable and non-culturable (Next-generation sequencing (NGS)) approaches associated with the marine litter (polyethylene (PE), styrofoam (SF) and fabric (FB)) at three distinct locations (Alang, Diu and Sikka) of the Arabian Sea, Gujarat, India. Predominant bacteria observed using culturable and NGS techniques belonged to Proteobacteria phyla. Alphaproteobacteria class dominated on polyethylene and styrofoam surfaces in the culturable fraction among the sites while the Bacillus dominated fabric surfaces. In the metagenomics fraction, Gammaproteobacteria dominated the surfaces except for PE and SF surfaces from Sikka and Diu, respectively. The PE surface at Sikka was dominated by Fusobacteriia while SF surface from Diu was dominated by Alphaproteobacteria. Both culture-dependent and NGS approaches identified hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria as well as pathogenic bacteria on the surfaces. The outcome of the present study illustrates diverse bacterial assemblages which occur on marine litter and increases our understanding of the plastisphere community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhav Kumar
- CSIR - Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat 364002, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Doongar R Chaudhary
- CSIR - Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat 364002, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
| | - Bhavanath Jha
- CSIR - Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat 364002, India.
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19
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KeChi-Okafor C, Khan FR, Al-Naimi U, Béguerie V, Bowen L, Gallidabino MD, Scott-Harden S, Sheridan KJ. Prevalence and characterisation of microfibres along the Kenyan and Tanzanian coast. Front Ecol Evol 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2023.1020919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Microplastic pollution is ubiquitous, with textiles being a major source of one of the dominant microplastic types—microfibres. Microfibres have been discovered in the aquatic environment and marine biota, demonstrating direct infiltration in the environment. However, the impact of non-plastic microfibres has been overlooked until recently despite their prevalence and the ecotoxicological risk posed by chemical dyes and finishes used during processing. During an expedition from Lamu to Zanzibar (East Africa), a citizen science strategy was employed to innovate, educate and influence microfibre pollution reform through the Flipflopi project, a circular economy effort to stop the use of single-use plastic. Simple sampling methods were developed to replace costly equipment, which local citizens could use to partake in the collection and sampling of surface water samples from the previously understudied Kenyan and Tanzanian coast. To maintain the reliability of samples and to minimise contamination, a forensic science strategy was embedded throughout the methodology of the study, collection and analysis of the samples. A total of 2,403 microfibres from 37 sites were recovered and fully characterised with 55% found to be of natural origin, 8% regenerated cellulosic and 37% synthetic microfibres. Natural microfibres were in higher abundance in 33 of the 37 sampled sites. Congruent with recent studies, these findings further support the need for greater understanding of the anthropogenic impact of natural microfibres.
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20
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Chen Q, Gao Z, Wang K, Magnuson JT, Chen Y, Li M, Shi H, Xu L. High accumulation of microplastic fibers in fish hindgut induces an enhancement of triphenyl phosphate hydroxylation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 317:120804. [PMID: 36470455 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Fiber shedding from artificial textiles is among the primary sources of pervasive microplastics in various aquatic habitats. To avoid molten drop burning, triphenyl phosphate (TPhP), a typical flame retardant additive, is commonly incorporated into textile fibers. However, the role of microplastic fibers (MFs) as a vehicle for TPhP remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of MFs on the bioaccumulation and metabolism of TPhP in zebrafish. We applied the compound spinning technique for a non-disruptive in situ measurement of fluorescent MFs in fish, and the desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DESI-MS) to display the tissue distribution of TPhP and its metabolites vividly. Laboratory results showed that ingested MFs did not change the TPhP distribution in fish; however, they statistically increased the metabolite p-OH-TPhP concentration in the fish hindgut, which was probably because the high accumulation of MFs there enhanced the TPhP hydroxylation. Field investigation further supported the lab-based analyses. Higher concentrations of MFs did cause a higher ratio of [p-OH-TPhP]/[TPhP] in the wild fish gut, particularly in the hindgut. Collectively, our results demonstrated that MFs can change the distribution and bioavailability of TPhP metabolites, which was confirmed by both laboratory and fieldwork. Therefore, the ingestion of MFs can indirectly but substantially influence the bioaccumulation and biotransformation of co-existing pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Zhuo Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Kang Wang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Jason T Magnuson
- Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, University of Stavanger, 4021, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Yuye Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Mingyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Huahong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Li Xu
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China.
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21
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Li Y, Lu Q, Xing Y, Liu K, Ling W, Yang J, Yang Q, Wu T, Zhang J, Pei Z, Gao Z, Li X, Yang F, Ma H, Liu K, Zhao D. Review of research on migration, distribution, biological effects, and analytical methods of microfibers in the environment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 855:158922. [PMID: 36155038 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics have been proven to be one of the critical environmental pollution issues. Moreover, microfibers, the most prominent form of microplastics in the environment, have likewise attracted the attention of various countries. With the increase in global population and industrialization, the production and use of fibers continue to increase yearly. As a result, a large number of microfibers are formed. If fiber products are not used or handled correctly, it will cause direct/indirect severe microfiber environmental pollution. Microfibers will be further broken into smaller fiber fragments when they enter the natural environment. Presently, researchers have conducted extensive research in the identification of microfibers, laying the foundation for further resourcefulness research. This work used bibliometric analysis to review the microfiber contamination researches systematically. First, the primary sources of microfibers and the influencing factors are analyzed. We aim to summarize the influence of the clothing fiber preparation and care processes on microfiber formation. Then, this work elaborated on the migration in/between water, atmosphere, and terrestrial environments. We also discussed the effects of microfiber on ecosystems. Finally, microfibers' current and foreseeable effective treatment, disposal, and resource utilization methods were explained. This paper will provide a structured reference for future microfiber research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Li
- Sinochem Environment Holdings Co., Ltd, Beijing 100071, China; School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qingbin Lu
- Sinochem Environment Holdings Co., Ltd, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Yi Xing
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Kai Liu
- Sinochem Environment Holdings Co., Ltd, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Wei Ling
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jian Yang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, China.
| | - Qizhen Yang
- Sinochem Environment Holdings Co., Ltd, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Tianqi Wu
- Human Resources Department, Yangquan Power Supply Company of State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Company, Yangquan 045000, Shanxi, China
| | - Jiafu Zhang
- Sinochem Environment Holdings Co., Ltd, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Zengxin Pei
- Sinochem Environment Holdings Co., Ltd, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Ziyuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Iron and Steel Industry Environmental Protection, No. 33, Xitucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Sinochem Environment Holdings Co., Ltd, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Sinochem Environment Holdings Co., Ltd, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Hongjie Ma
- Sinochem Environment Holdings Co., Ltd, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Kehan Liu
- Sinochem Environment Holdings Co., Ltd, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Ding Zhao
- Sinochem Environment Holdings Co., Ltd, Beijing 100071, China
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22
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Perera K, Ziajahromi S, Bengtson Nash S, Manage PM, Leusch FDL. Airborne Microplastics in Indoor and Outdoor Environments of a Developing Country in South Asia: Abundance, Distribution, Morphology, and Possible Sources. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:16676-16685. [PMID: 36441558 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c05885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Airborne microplastics (AMPs) have been reported in indoor and outdoor air in high-income countries and are expected to be a significant contributor to daily microplastic (MP) exposure for human beings. To date, there are only a handful of studies in lower-middle-income countries. In this study, AMPs from 5000 to 50 μm were sampled across selected areas of Sri Lanka using an active sampling technique. Suspected AMPs were further characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. MP concentrations were higher indoors compared to outdoor air (0.13-0.93, compared to 0.00-0.23 particles/m3, respectively). The types of indoor MPs were related to indoor-generating sources, and the occupant's lifestyles. The highest outdoor MP abundance was found near an industrial zone, followed by urban and inland locations in high-density areas. The dominant size range of MPs was 100-300 μm, and the only shapes observed indoors and outdoors were fibers (98%) and fragments. Polyethylene terephthalate was the most prominent MP type, followed by polyester, indicating that textile fibers could be the major source of these AMPs. This study provides the first report on AMPs in Sri Lanka. Considering population growth and industrialization, further research should evaluate possible trends and health risks upon inhalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kushani Perera
- Australian Rivers Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Southport Qld 4222, Australia
| | - Shima Ziajahromi
- Australian Rivers Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Southport Qld 4222, Australia
| | - Susan Bengtson Nash
- Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Southport Qld 4222, Australia
| | - Pathmalal M Manage
- Centre for Water Quality and Algae Research, Department of Zoology, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Gangodawila, Nugegoda 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Frederic D L Leusch
- Australian Rivers Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Southport Qld 4222, Australia
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23
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Walkinshaw C, Tolhurst TJ, Lindeque PK, Thompson R, Cole M. Detection and characterisation of microplastics and microfibres in fishmeal and soybean meal. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 185:114189. [PMID: 36257247 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Aquaculture is an increasingly important source of nutrition for global food security, which is reliant on animal- and plant-based feeds. Anthropogenic particles, including microplastics and semi-synthetic cellulosic fibres, are prolific marine pollutants that are readily consumed by marine organisms, including small pelagic fish commonly used in fishmeal. Conversely, there is no indication plants can accumulate anthropogenic microparticles. We explore whether aquaculture feed presents a route of contamination for farmed fish. Commercially-sourced aquaculture feedstocks, including fishmeals and soybean meal, were processed (KOH digestion and ZnCl2 density separation) and anthropogenic particles characterised using microscopy and spectroscopic methods. Both fishmeal and soybean meals contained anthropogenic particles, with concentrations ranging 1070-2000 particles kg-1. The prevalence of anthropogenic particles in plant-based feeds indicates that the majority of contamination occurs post-harvest. Based on our findings, farmed Atlantic salmon may be exposed to a minimum of 1788-3013 anthropogenic particles from aquaculture feed across their commercial lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Walkinshaw
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, Plymouth PL1 3DH, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Trevor J Tolhurst
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Penelope K Lindeque
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, Plymouth PL1 3DH, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Richard Thompson
- Marine Institute, University of Plymouth, Level 3, Marine Building, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Matthew Cole
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, Plymouth PL1 3DH, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
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24
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Occurrence of Anthropogenic Debris in Three Commercial Shrimp Species from South-Western Ionian Sea. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11111616. [DOI: 10.3390/biology11111616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Deep Sea environments represent the final collector of anthropogenic debris mainly represented by both plastic and non-plastic materials with different size. This led to potential contamination of deep marine fauna due to direct and indirect ingestion, representing a potential hazard for the species itself and for the final consumer. In this framework, the present study explored the occurrence of anthropogenic debris in the gastrointestinal tract of three Decapoda species of high commercial and ecological value (Parapenaeus longirostris, Aristeus antennatus, and Aristaeomorpha foliacea) from south-western Ionian Sea. After morphometrical measurements and sex determination, the gastrointestinal tract of 136 specimens were extracted and then chemically digested. A total of 230 low density microparticles were isolated, with a high frequency of occurrence in all the analyzed species (76% in P. longirostris, 70% in A. antennatus, and 83% in A. foliacea) mainly represented by fibers (92.6%) with a size between 0.10 and 0.49 mm, and with a dominance of the blue color. The results of the present study report for the first time the anthropogenic debris presence in the studied Decapoda from south-western Ionian Sea, highlighting the necessity to broaden the knowledge about anthropogenic debris pollution status in Mediterranean deep-sea species.
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25
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Finnegan AMD, Süsserott R, Gabbott SE, Gouramanis C. Man-made natural and regenerated cellulosic fibres greatly outnumber microplastic fibres in the atmosphere. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 310:119808. [PMID: 35926740 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric microplastics have been widely reported in studies around the world. Microfibres are often the dominant morphology found by researchers, although synthetic (i.e., plastic) microfibres are typically just a fraction of the total number of microfibres, with other, non-synthetic, cellulosic microfibres frequently being reported. This study set out to review existing literature to determine the relative proportion of cellulosic and synthetic atmospheric anthropogenic (man-made) microfibres, discuss trends in the microfibre abundances, and outline proposed best-practices for future studies. We conducted a systematic review of the existing literature and identified 33 peer-reviewed articles from Scopus and Google Scholar searches that examined cellulosic microfibres and synthetic microfibres in the atmosphere. Multiple analyses indicate that cellulosic microfibres are considerably more common than synthetic microfibres. FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy data obtained from 24 studies, showed that 57% of microfibres were cellulosic and 23% were synthetic. The remaining were either inorganic, or not determined. In total, 20 studies identified more cellulosic microfibres, compared to 11 studies which identified more synthetic microfibres. The data show that cellulosic microfibres are 2.5 times more abundant between 2016 and 2022, however, the proportion of cellulosic microfibres appear to be decreasing, while synthetic microfibres are increasing. We expect a crossover to happen by 2030, where synthetic microfibres will be dominant in the atmosphere. We propose that future studies on atmospheric anthropogenic microfibres should include information on natural and regenerated cellulosic microfibres, and design studies which are inclusive of cellulosic microfibres during analysis and reporting. This will allow researchers to monitor trends in the composition of atmospheric microfibers and will help address the frequent underestimation of cellulosic microfibre abundance in the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebekah Süsserott
- Geography Department, National University of Singapore, 1 Arts Link, #03-01 Block AS2, Singapore 117570, Singapore
| | - Sarah E Gabbott
- School of Geography, Geology and Environment, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Chris Gouramanis
- Research School of Earth Sciences, The Australian National University, Building 142, Mills Road, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia
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26
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Covernton GA, Dietterle M, Pearce CM, Gurney-Smith HJ, Dower JF, Dudas SE. Depuration of anthropogenic particles by Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas): Feasibility and efficacy. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 181:113886. [PMID: 35816820 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic particles (APs) generated from both natural and synthetic materials are widespread in the aquatic environment and contaminate seafood products, including shellfish. Depuration, involving the placement of filter-feeding shellfish in clean water for a period of time, often several days, is used to reduce contaminant concentrations, but the practicality of its use by the shellfish industry for APs has not yet been examined. In the present study, cultured adult Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) were depurated for 10 days in a facility with limited airflow and filtered seawater. On average, there was a 73 % reduction in oyster AP concentration after 5 days, but no further reduction at 10 days, potentially due to the difficulty in depurating some particles or to re-contamination from the experimental environment. Long-term feasibility for industry will depend on future guidelines for safe AP consumption levels and the practicality and financial feasibility of creating and running clean facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maggie Dietterle
- Vancouver Island University, Nanaimo, British Columbia V9R 5S5, Canada
| | - Christopher M Pearce
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 2Y2, Canada; Vancouver Island University, Nanaimo, British Columbia V9R 5S5, Canada; Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Pacific Biological Station, Nanaimo, British Columbia V9T 6N7, Canada
| | - Helen J Gurney-Smith
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 2Y2, Canada; Vancouver Island University, Nanaimo, British Columbia V9R 5S5, Canada
| | - John F Dower
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Sarah E Dudas
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 2Y2, Canada; Vancouver Island University, Nanaimo, British Columbia V9R 5S5, Canada
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27
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Bretas Alvim C, Valiente SN, Bes-Piá MA, Mendoza-Roca JA. Methodology for removing microplastics and other anthropogenic microparticles from sludge dewatering system. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 314:115010. [PMID: 35447444 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic microparticles (e.g., microplastics) are present in sewage plants, especially in sludge streams. However, the lack of standardized protocols to scrutinize the presence of anthropogenic microparticles in sludge makes the comparison between studies unfeasible. To tackle the knowledge gap regarding the efficiency of methodologies on the extraction of anthropogenic microparticles from the complex organic matrix, dewatered sludge, and digested sludge was treated with peroxidation and density separation, and the recovery of microparticles from these samples was investigated. The results showed that with the use of a higher density solution (NaI, 1.5 g/cm3) a much better recovery of anthropogenic microparticles from sludge samples (approximately 1000 microparticles/g-dw and 2000 microparticles/g-dw, from dewatered and digested sludge, respectively) was achieved in comparison with the use of a lower density solution (NaCl, 1.2 g/cm3) (200 microparticles/g-dw and 600 microparticles/g-dw from dewatered and digested sludge, respectively). Moreover, although the use of peroxidation is an essential step to break down the sludge structure and to release microparticles to the liquid phase, the use of peroxidation after or before density separation did not affect the overall recovery of microparticles. Polyethylene, polypropylene, and copolymer ethylene-ethyl-acrylate were the main microplastic fragments identified in digested sludge and dewatered sludge. However, no relation was observed between the method applied and the polymer recovered. Regarding the presence of anthropogenic microparticle in centrifuge effluent, 450 ± 212 microparticles/L were counted, and although little is known about this stream, in can be a relevant source of anthropogenic microparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bretas Alvim
- Instituto de Seguridad Industrial, Radiofísica y Medioambiental, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera, S/n, Valencia, 46022, Spain.
| | - S Navajas Valiente
- Instituto de Seguridad Industrial, Radiofísica y Medioambiental, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera, S/n, Valencia, 46022, Spain
| | - M A Bes-Piá
- Instituto de Seguridad Industrial, Radiofísica y Medioambiental, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera, S/n, Valencia, 46022, Spain
| | - J A Mendoza-Roca
- Instituto de Seguridad Industrial, Radiofísica y Medioambiental, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera, S/n, Valencia, 46022, Spain
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Athey SN, Erdle LM. Are We Underestimating Anthropogenic Microfiber Pollution? A Critical Review of Occurrence, Methods, and Reporting. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2022; 41:822-837. [PMID: 34289522 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic microfibers, a ubiquitous environmental contaminant, can be categorized as synthetic, semisynthetic, or natural according to material of origin and production process. Although natural fibers, such as cotton and wool, originated from natural sources, they often contain chemical additives, including colorants (e.g., dyes, pigments) and finishes (e.g., flame retardants, antimicrobial agents, ultraviolet light stabilizers). These additives are applied to textiles during production to give textiles desired properties like enhanced durability. Anthropogenically modified "natural" and semisynthetic fibers are sufficiently persistent to undergo long-range transport and accumulate in the environment, where they are ingested by biota. Although most research and communication on microfibers have focused on the sources, pathways, and effects of synthetic fibers in the environment, natural and semisynthetic fibers warrant further investigation because of their abundance. Because of the challenges in enumerating and identifying natural and semisynthetic fibers in environmental samples and the focus on microplastic or synthetic fibers, reports of anthropogenic microfibers in the environment may be underestimated. In this critical review, we 1) report that natural and semisynthetic microfibers are abundant, 2) highlight that some environmental compartments are relatively understudied in the microfiber literature, and 3) report which methods are suitable to enumerate and characterize the full suite of anthropogenic microfibers. We then use these findings to 4) recommend best practices to assess the abundance of anthropogenic microfibers in the environment, including natural and semisynthetic fibers. By focusing exclusively on synthetic fibers in the environment, we are neglecting a major component of anthropogenic microfiber pollution. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:822-837. © 2021 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha N Athey
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lisa M Erdle
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The 5 Gyres Institute, Santa Monica, California, USA
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Rimondi V, Monnanni A, De Beni E, Bicocchi G, Chelazzi D, Cincinelli A, Fratini S, Martellini T, Morelli G, Venturi S, Lattanzi P, Costagliola P. Occurrence and Quantification of Natural and Microplastic Items in Urban Streams: The Case of Mugnone Creek (Florence, Italy). TOXICS 2022; 10:159. [PMID: 35448420 PMCID: PMC9025813 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10040159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The terrestrial environment is an important contributor of microplastics (MPs) to the oceans. Urban streams, strictly interwoven in the city network and to the MPs' terrestrial source, have a relevant impact on the MP budget of large rivers and, in turn, marine areas. We investigated the fluxes (items/day) of MPs and natural fibers of Mugnone Creek, a small stream crossing the highly urbanized landscape of Florence (Italy) and ending in the Arno River (and eventually to the Tyrrhenian Sea). Measurements were done in dry and wet seasons for two years (2019-2020); stream sediments were also collected in 2019. The highest loads of anthropogenic particles were observed in the 2019 wet season (109 items/day) at the creek outlet. The number of items in sediments increased from upstream (500 items/kg) to urban sites (1540 items/kg). Fibers were the dominant shape class; they were mostly cellulosic in composition. Among synthetic items, fragments of butadiene-styrene (SBR), indicative of tire wear, were observed. Domestic wastewater discharge and vehicular traffic are important sources of pollution for Mugnone Creek, especially during rain events. The study of small creeks is of pivotal importance to limit the availability of MPs in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Rimondi
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121 Florence, Italy; (A.M.); (G.B.); (S.V.); (P.C.)
- IGG-CNR, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121 Florence, Italy; (G.M.); (P.L.)
| | - Alessio Monnanni
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121 Florence, Italy; (A.M.); (G.B.); (S.V.); (P.C.)
| | - Eleonora De Beni
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (E.D.B.); (D.C.); (A.C.); (T.M.)
| | - Gabriele Bicocchi
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121 Florence, Italy; (A.M.); (G.B.); (S.V.); (P.C.)
| | - David Chelazzi
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (E.D.B.); (D.C.); (A.C.); (T.M.)
- Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase (CSGI), University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cincinelli
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (E.D.B.); (D.C.); (A.C.); (T.M.)
- Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase (CSGI), University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Sara Fratini
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via Madonna del Piano 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy;
| | - Tania Martellini
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (E.D.B.); (D.C.); (A.C.); (T.M.)
- Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase (CSGI), University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Guia Morelli
- IGG-CNR, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121 Florence, Italy; (G.M.); (P.L.)
| | - Stefania Venturi
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121 Florence, Italy; (A.M.); (G.B.); (S.V.); (P.C.)
- IGG-CNR, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121 Florence, Italy; (G.M.); (P.L.)
| | | | - Pilario Costagliola
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121 Florence, Italy; (A.M.); (G.B.); (S.V.); (P.C.)
- IGG-CNR, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121 Florence, Italy; (G.M.); (P.L.)
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De Felice B, Antenucci S, Ortenzi MA, Parolini M. Laundering of face masks represents an additional source of synthetic and natural microfibers to aquatic ecosystems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150495. [PMID: 34844332 PMCID: PMC8457919 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
From the onset of Covid-19 pandemic, the use of face masks has been adapted as one of the main measures to slow down the transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus worldwide. The inadequate handling and management of face masks lead to a massive dispersal in the environment, resulting in a new source of microfibers because of their breakdown and/or degradation. In addition, the laundering of reusable face masks of different polymeric composition can represent an additional sources of microfibers to natural ecosystems, but it was largely neglected. The present study explored the release of synthetic or natural microfibers from reusable and disposable face masks of five different fabrics when subjected to a cycle of laundering in a domestic washing machine. After a single wash, face masks released an average (± SE) of 284.94 ± 73.66 microfibers, independently of the fabrics. Focusing on the fabrics composing the face masks, polyurethane (541.33 ± 51.84 microfibers) and cotton-based (823.00 ± 112.53 microfibers) face masks released the highest amount of synthetic and natural microfibers, respectively. Considering the crucial role of face masks to counteract the pandemic and the increasing trend of their use, further studies represent a priority to estimate the contribution of face mask-derived microfibers to freshwater contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice De Felice
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Antenucci
- Laboratory of Materials and Polymers (LaMPo), Department of Chemistry, University of Milan, via Golgi 19, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Aldo Ortenzi
- Laboratory of Materials and Polymers (LaMPo), Department of Chemistry, University of Milan, via Golgi 19, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Parolini
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
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31
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Current Progress on Marine Microplastics Pollution Research: A Review on Pollution Occurrence, Detection, and Environmental Effects. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13121713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recently, microplastics pollution has attracted much attention in the environmental field, as researchers have found traces of microplastics in both marine and terrestrial ecological environments. Here, we reviewed and discussed the current progress on microplastics pollution in the marine environment from three main aspects including their identification and qualification methods, source and distribution, and fate and toxicity in a marine ecosystem. Microplastics in the marine environment originate from a variety of sources and distribute broadly all around the world, but their quantitative information is still lacking. Up to now, there have been no adequate and standard methods to identify and quantify the various types of microplastics, which need to be developed and unified. The fate of microplastics in the environment is particularly important as they may be transferred or accumulated in the biological chain. Meanwhile, microplastics may have a high adsorption capacity to pollutants, which is the basic research to further study their fate and joint toxicity in the environment. Therefore, all the findings are expected to fill the knowledge gaps in microplastics pollution and promote the development of relative regulations.
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Zambrano MC, Pawlak JJ, Daystar J, Ankeny M, Venditti RA. Impact of dyes and finishes on the aquatic biodegradability of cotton textile fibers and microfibers released on laundering clothes: Correlations between enzyme adsorption and activity and biodegradation rates. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 165:112030. [PMID: 33561711 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The presence and biodegradability of textile microfibers shed during laundering or use is an important environmental issue. In this research, the influence of common textile finishes on the persistence of cotton fibers in an aerobic aquatic environment was assessed. The biodegradation of cotton knitted fabrics with different finishes, silicone softener, durable press, water repellent, and a blue reactive dye was evaluated. The rate of biodegradation decreased with durable press and water repellant finishing treatments. In terms of the final extent of biodegradation, there was no significant difference between the samples. All samples reached more than 60% biodegradation in 102 days. The biodegradation rates were in agreement with observed trends of the same samples for cellulase mediated hydrolysis and cellulase adsorption experiments, indicating the finishes impact the initial adsorption of enzymes excreted by the microorganisms and the initial rates of biodegradation, however despite this the cellulosic material maintains its biodegradability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marielis C Zambrano
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, College of Natural Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8005, United States
| | - Joel J Pawlak
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, College of Natural Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8005, United States
| | - Jesse Daystar
- Cotton Incorporated, Cary, NC 27513, United States; Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States
| | - Mary Ankeny
- Cotton Incorporated, Cary, NC 27513, United States
| | - Richard A Venditti
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, College of Natural Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8005, United States.
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Zambrano MC, Pawlak JJ, Daystar J, Ankeny M, Venditti RA. Impact of dyes and finishes on the microfibers released on the laundering of cotton knitted fabrics. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 272:115998. [PMID: 33199065 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The influence of common textile finishes on cotton fabrics on the generation of microfibers during laundering was assessed. Microfiber release was determined to be in the range of 9000-14,000 particles per gram of cotton fabric. Cotton knitted fabrics treated with softener and durable press generate more microfibers (1.30-1.63 mg/g fabric) during laundering by mass and number than untreated fabric (0.73 mg/g fabric). The fabrics treated with softener generated the longest average microfiber length (0.86 mm), whereas durable press and water repellent treatments produced the shortest average microfiber length (0.62 and 0.63 mm, respectively). In general, the changes in the mechanical properties of the fibers and fabrics due to the finishing treatments are the main factor affecting the microfiber release. The abrasion resistance of the fabrics decreases for durable press treatments and water repellent treatments due to the brittleness in the structure originated by the crosslinking treatment. In the case of the softener treatment, the fabric surface is soft and smooth decreasing the friction coefficient between fibers favoring the fibers loosening from the textile and resulting in a high tendency for fuzz formation and microfiber release. These findings are useful for the textile industry in the design and selection of materials and treatments for the reduction of synthetic or natural microfiber shedding from textiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marielis C Zambrano
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, College of Natural Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695-8005, United States
| | - Joel J Pawlak
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, College of Natural Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695-8005, United States
| | - Jesse Daystar
- Cotton Incorporated, Cary, NC, 27513, United States; Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, United States
| | - Mary Ankeny
- Cotton Incorporated, Cary, NC, 27513, United States
| | - Richard A Venditti
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, College of Natural Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695-8005, United States.
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34
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Investigating the residual characteristics of dryer lint for developing resource recovery strategies. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-03628-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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35
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Zhou H, Zhou L, Ma K. Microfiber from textile dyeing and printing wastewater of a typical industrial park in China: Occurrence, removal and release. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 739:140329. [PMID: 32758965 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Microfibers (MFs) are fibrous micro particles of longitude <5 mm, including natural fibers and fibrous microplastics. Microplastic pollution has become a world issue. As the major section of fiber production and processing, textile industry is an important potential source of microfibers, while receiving limited attention. To better understand the source and fate of textile microfibers, in this study, a typical textile industrial park in China is selected as the studying site. Microfibers in textile wastewater from typical textile mills and centralized wastewater treatments plants (WWTPs) of the park, and microfibers in nearby surface water were identified and characterized. The main results showed that the microfiber concentration in textile printing and dyeing wastewater could reach as high as 54,100 MFs/L. Although the removal efficiencies of microfibers by existing wastewater treatment processes can be over 85%, the average microfiber concentration in the effluents from the centralized WWTPs of the industrial park still reached 537.5 MFs/L, releasing 430 billion microfiber items per day. Microfiber release from textile wastewater is considerably higher than that from municipal sewage treatment plants, making it a significant contributor to microfibers in natural water bodies. Small-sized and colored microfibers increased in proportion in the treated effluents. Given the complex textile wastewater constituents, the potential negative environmental impacts of textile microfibers may be intensified by the enhanced adsorption and transfer of textile pollutants through these microfibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjie Zhou
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Lyu Zhou
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China.
| | - Keke Ma
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
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36
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Carreras-Colom E, Constenla M, Soler-Membrives A, Cartes JE, Baeza M, Carrassón M. A closer look at anthropogenic fiber ingestion in Aristeus antennatus in the NW Mediterranean Sea: Differences among years and locations and impact on health condition. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 263:114567. [PMID: 33618489 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Marine litter is one of the most concerning threats for marine wildlife especially regarding plastics and their micro-sized forms, widely known as microplastics. The present study evaluates mesoscale spatial (230 km, Catalan coast) and temporal (2007 vs 2017-2018, Barcelona area) differences on the ingestion of anthropogenic fibers in the deep-sea shrimp Aristeus antennatus in the NW Mediterranean Sea and its relation with shrimp's health condition. Synthetic fibers with lengths ranging between 0.16 and 37.9 mm were found in both stomach (where sometimes they were tangled up in balls) and intestine contents. The percentage of fiber occurrence was >65% at each sampling point. Tangled balls of fibers observed in stomach contents exhibited a wide range of sizes (up to a diameter of 1 cm) and were usually composed of fibers of different polymers, sizes and colours. Differences between locations (2018) were found, with greater fiber loads towards the south during spring and a great variability in summer, as shrimps caught off Barcelona showed a nearly thirty-times higher fiber load compared to shrimps from other localities. Highest concentrations were more likely to be related to major sources of fibers and currents in the area. Fiber load in shrimps from 2007 was comparable to that of shrimps captured in 2017 and 2018 (spring) yet a shift in the proportion of acrylic and polyester polymers was detected. No consistent effect on shrimp's health condition was found, with only a significant negative correlation found between gonadosomatic index and fibers for those shrimps with the highest values of fiber load (caught off Barcelona, summer 2018). Our findings contribute to the knowledge on plastic pollution for the NW Mediterranean Sea and highlight the potential use of this species as a sentinel species for plastic fiber contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester Carreras-Colom
- Departament de Biologia Animal, de Biologia Vegetal i d'Ecologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Constenla
- Departament de Biologia Animal, de Biologia Vegetal i d'Ecologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Soler-Membrives
- Departament de Biologia Animal, de Biologia Vegetal i d'Ecologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan E Cartes
- Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM-CSIC), Pg. Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Baeza
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maite Carrassón
- Departament de Biologia Animal, de Biologia Vegetal i d'Ecologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Spain.
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37
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Parton KJ, Godley BJ, Santillo D, Tausif M, Omeyer LCM, Galloway TS. Investigating the presence of microplastics in demersal sharks of the North-East Atlantic. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12204. [PMID: 32699221 PMCID: PMC7376218 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68680-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Microplastic pollution is ubiquitous in the marine environment and is ingested by numerous marine species. Sharks are an understudied group regarding their susceptibility to microplastic ingestion. Here, we provide evidence of ingestion of microplastic and other anthropogenic fibres in four demersal sharks species found in the waters of the United Kingdom and investigate whether body burdens of contamination vary according to species, sex or size. Sharks were collected from the North-East Atlantic. Stomachs and digestive tracts of 46 sharks of 4 species were examined and 67% of samples contained at least one contaminant particle. Although we acknowledge modest sample size, estimated particle burden increased with body size but did not vary systematically with sex or species. A total of 379 particles were identified, leading to median estimates ranging from 2 to 7.5 ingested contaminants per animal for the 4 species. The majority were fibrous in nature (95%) and blue (88%) or black (9%) in colour. A subsample of contaminants (N = 62) were subject to FT-IR spectroscopy and polymers identified as: synthetic cellulose (33.3%), polypropylene (25%), polyacrylamides (10%) and polyester (8.3%). The level of risk posed to shark species by this level of contamination is unknown. Nevertheless, this study presents the first empirical evidence and an important baseline for ingestion of microplastics and other anthropogenic fibres in native UK shark species and highlights the pervasive nature of these pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian J Parton
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, TR10 9EZ, UK.
| | - Brendan J Godley
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, TR10 9EZ, UK
| | - David Santillo
- Greenpeace Research Laboratories, School of Biosciences, Innovation Centre Phase 2, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Muhammad Tausif
- Textile Technology Research Group, School of Design, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Lucy C M Omeyer
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, TR10 9EZ, UK
| | - Tamara S Galloway
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, Devon, EX4 4QD, UK
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38
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Zhang Q, Zhao Y, Du F, Cai H, Wang G, Shi H. Microplastic Fallout in Different Indoor Environments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:6530-6539. [PMID: 32369699 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics in the air have gradually attracted our attention in recent years; however, temporal and spatial trends of microplastics in indoor air are rarely discussed. In the present study, we tracked microplastic fallout in a dormitory, an office, and a corridor on both workdays and weekends for three months. In addition, an air conditioner was used to understand airflow influence on microplastic resuspension in the dorm. Among the three sampling sites, the highest average microplastic abundance appeared in the dormitory (9.9 × 103 MPs/m2/d), followed by the office (1.8 × 103 MPs/m2/d) and the corridor (1.5 × 103 MPs/m2/d). In the dormitory, the average MP abundance on weekends (1.4 × 104 MPs/m2/d) was approximately three times of that on weekdays (5.8 × 103 MPs/m2/d). In the office; however, the abundance on weekends (1.2 × 103 MPs/m2/d) was 50% of that on weekdays (2.4 × 103 MPs/m2/d). Microplastic fallout existed mostly in the form of fibers and showed similar polymer compositions to the textile products used in indoor environments. The airflow tests using an air conditioner suggested that airflow turbulence increased resuspension of microplastics. Taken together, we conclude that indoor environments are prone to serious microplastic pollution, but microplastic level varies greatly due to different characteristics of indoor setting. Our results also indicate that textile quantity is one of the main factors affecting microplastic abundance in indoor air, whereas air conditioner-induced airflow turbulence can cause microplastic migration in indoor environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Process and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yaping Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Process and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Fangni Du
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Huiwen Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Gehui Wang
- School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Key Lab of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 210062, China
| | - Huahong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
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von Friesen LW, Granberg ME, Pavlova O, Magnusson K, Hassellöv M, Gabrielsen GW. Summer sea ice melt and wastewater are important local sources of microlitter to Svalbard waters. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 139:105511. [PMID: 32278193 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Human activities leave traces of marine litter around the globe. The Arctic is, despite its remoteness, emerging as an area of no exception to this environmental issue. Arctic sea ice has previously been found to constitute a temporal sink of microplastics, but the potential release and subsequent fate of microplastics in the marine environment are yet unknown. Furthermore, the relative importance of local sources of microplastics in the Arctic marine environment is under discussion. In this study, the concentration and distribution of anthropogenic microparticles (AMPs, <5 mm, including microplastics) have been investigated in marine waters and sea ice of Svalbard. Seawater samples throughout the water column and floating sea ice samples were collected along a transect originating in Rijpfjorden, reaching northwards to the sea ice-edge. Seawater samples were also collected along a transect extending westwards from head to mouth of Kongsfjorden. Samples were collected throughout the water column with stations positioned to enable detection of potential AMP emissions from the wastewater outlet in Ny-Ålesund. Along both transects, environmental parameters were measured to explore potential correlations with AMP distribution. High concentrations of AMPs were detected in sea ice (158 ± 155 AMPs L-1). Based on both AMP concentrations and characteristics, AMPs identified in seawater of the marginal ice zone are to a large extent likely released during the melting of sea ice. The release of AMPs during summer melting of sea ice was concomitantly taking place with the ice-edge bloom, suggesting increased bioavailability to Arctic marine biota. Concentrations of AMPs were up to an order of magnitude higher in Kongsfjorden (up to 48.0 AMPs L-1) than in Rijpfjorden (up to 7.4 AMPs L-1). The distribution and composition of AMPs in Kongsfjorden suggest the wastewater outlet in Ny-Ålesund to be a likely source. Our results emphasize the importance of local point- and diffuse sources of AMPs in the Arctic and stress the urgency of considering their associated environmental impact. Implementation of regulatory policy is of importance, particularly since human activities and environmental pressures are increasing in the Arctic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa W von Friesen
- IVL, Swedish Environmental Research Institute. Kristineberg 566, SE-45178 Fiskebäckskil, Sweden.
| | - Maria E Granberg
- IVL, Swedish Environmental Research Institute. Kristineberg 566, SE-45178 Fiskebäckskil, Sweden.
| | - Olga Pavlova
- Norwegian Polar Institute, FRAM - High North Research Centre on Climate and the Environment, P.O. Box 6606 Langnes, NO-9296 Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Kerstin Magnusson
- IVL, Swedish Environmental Research Institute. Kristineberg 566, SE-45178 Fiskebäckskil, Sweden.
| | - Martin Hassellöv
- University of Gothenburg, Department of Marine Sciences. Kristineberg 566, SE-45178 Fiskebäckskil, Sweden.
| | - Geir W Gabrielsen
- Norwegian Polar Institute, FRAM - High North Research Centre on Climate and the Environment, P.O. Box 6606 Langnes, NO-9296 Tromsø, Norway.
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40
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Stone C, Windsor FM, Munday M, Durance I. Natural or synthetic - how global trends in textile usage threaten freshwater environments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 718:134689. [PMID: 31843315 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
As the global demand for textiles increases, so to do the potential environmental impacts that stem from their production, use and disposal. Freshwater ecosystems are particularly at risk: rivers often act as the primary recipients of waste generated during the production of textiles and are subject to pollutants released during the broader lifecycle of a textile product. Here, we investigate how global technological and societal processes shape the way we produce, use and dispose of textiles, and what this means for the environmental quality and ecological health of freshwaters. We examine two predominant 'natural' and synthetic textiles (wool and Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), respectively), and find that risks to freshwater ecosystems vary throughout the lifecycle of these textiles; and across geographies, in-line with regulatory and economic landscapes. Woollen textiles pose most risk during the Production Phase, while PET textiles pose most risk during the Use and Disposal Phases. Our findings show that: (i) both 'natural' and synthetic textiles present substantial challenges for freshwater environments; and (ii) bespoke solutions are needed in areas of the world where the global division of labour and less stringent environmental regulations have concentrated textile production; but also in regions where high textile consumption combines with unsustainable disposal behaviours. Effective mitigation may combine technological advances with societal changes in market mechanisms, regulations, textile use and disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Stone
- Water Research Institute and School of Bioscience, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Fredric M Windsor
- Water Research Institute and School of Bioscience, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Max Munday
- Water Research Institute and Cardiff Business School, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3EU, UK
| | - Isabelle Durance
- Water Research Institute and School of Bioscience, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK.
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41
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Zambrano MC, Pawlak JJ, Daystar J, Ankeny M, Goller CC, Venditti RA. Aerobic biodegradation in freshwater and marine environments of textile microfibers generated in clothes laundering: Effects of cellulose and polyester-based microfibers on the microbiome. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 151:110826. [PMID: 32056618 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The aerobic biodegradation of common textiles that shed microfibers during laundering was evaluated under the action of microbes found in the environment, such as lake and seawater, and activated sludge at a low concentration from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Under these conditions, the biodegradation potential was the same in all the experiments: Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC) > Cotton > Rayon > Polyester/Cotton ≫ Polyester. Nevertheless, for cotton and rayon yarns, >70% biodegradation was achieved with activated sludge at low concentration and lake water, whereas in seawater, about 50% degradation was reached. Polyester did not appreciably degrade. The biodegradation results herein indicate potential not absolutes in nature. The bacterial diversity analyses in the different biodegradation inoculums show that there are distinct bacterial communities related to the assimilation and mineralization of complex carbohydrates that were promoted with the cellulosic MCC, cotton, and rayon samples different than the polyester sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marielis C Zambrano
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, College of Natural Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8005, United States
| | - Joel J Pawlak
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, College of Natural Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8005, United States
| | - Jesse Daystar
- Cotton Incorporated, Cary, NC 27513, United States; Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States
| | - Mary Ankeny
- Cotton Incorporated, Cary, NC 27513, United States
| | - Carlos C Goller
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7614, United States
| | - Richard A Venditti
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, College of Natural Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8005, United States.
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42
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Capillo G, Savoca S, Panarello G, Mancuso M, Branca C, Romano V, D'Angelo G, Bottari T, Spanò N. Quali-quantitative analysis of plastics and synthetic microfibers found in demersal species from Southern Tyrrhenian Sea (Central Mediterranean). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 150:110596. [PMID: 31733904 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study highlights plastics occurrence in five demersal fish species from the Southern Tyrrhenian Sea: the Red mullet Mullus barbatus barbatus, the Piper gurnard Trigla lyra, the Blackmouth catshark Galeus melastomus, the Lesser spotted dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula and the Brown ray Raja miraletus. Overall, 125 fish were examined: 21 Red mullets, 16 Piper gurnards, 75 Blackmouth catsharks, 72 Dogfish and 1 Brown ray. The percentage of fish with ingested plastics was 14.4% with 0.24 items per specimen. The majority of the debris were fibers and the application of infrared and Raman spectroscopy allowed the identification and discrimination of plastic and non-plastic fibers. The plastic debris isolated were mainly microplastics (94.1%), while macroplastics occurrence was very low (5.9%). The plastics were identified as polypropylene, Teflon, nylon, kraton G (triblock copolymer) and polyethylene. Also cellulose was detected. S. canicula was the species with the highest number of plastic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gioele Capillo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Serena Savoca
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Panarello
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Monique Mancuso
- Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology (IRBIM), National Research Council (CNR), Section of Messina, Spianata S. Raineri, 86, 98122, Messina, Italy; StazioneZoologica Anton Dohrn, Centro Interdipartimentale della Sicilia, Italy
| | - Caterina Branca
- Department of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Physical Science and Earth Science, Messina University, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Valentino Romano
- Department of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Physical Science and Earth Science, Messina University, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanna D'Angelo
- Department of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Physical Science and Earth Science, Messina University, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166, Messina, Italy; CNR-IPCF, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 37, 98158, Messina, Italy.
| | - Teresa Bottari
- Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology (IRBIM), National Research Council (CNR), Section of Messina, Spianata S. Raineri, 86, 98122, Messina, Italy; StazioneZoologica Anton Dohrn, Centro Interdipartimentale della Sicilia, Italy
| | - Nunziacarla Spanò
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, Messina, Italy.
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Stanton T, Johnson M, Nathanail P, MacNaughtan W, Gomes RL. Freshwater and airborne textile fibre populations are dominated by 'natural', not microplastic, fibres. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 666:377-389. [PMID: 30798244 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The potential role of natural textile fibres as environmental pollutants has been speculated upon by some environmental scientists, however, there is a general consensus that their biodegradability reduces their environmental threat. Whilst the risks that they pose remain poorly understood, their environmental prevalence has been noted in several recent microplastic pollution manuscripts. Here we highlight the extent to which natural textile fibres dominate fibre populations of upstream reaches of the River Trent, UK, as well as the atmospheric deposition within its catchment, over a twelve month microplastic sampling campaign. Across 223 samples, natural textile fibres represented 93.8% of the textile fibre population quantified. Moreover, though microplastic particles including synthetic fibres are known to be pervasive environmental pollutants, extruded textile fibres were absent from 82.8% of samples. Natural textile fibres were absent from just 9.7% of samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Stanton
- School of Geography, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
| | | | - Paul Nathanail
- Land Quality Management Ltd, University of Nottingham Innovation Park, NG7 2TU, UK
| | - William MacNaughtan
- Division of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Rachel L Gomes
- Food, Water, Waste Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
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44
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von Friesen LW, Granberg ME, Hassellöv M, Gabrielsen GW, Magnusson K. An efficient and gentle enzymatic digestion protocol for the extraction of microplastics from bivalve tissue. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 142:129-134. [PMID: 31232285 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Standardized methods for the digestion of biota for microplastic analysis are currently lacking. Chemical methods can be effective, but can also cause damage to some polymers. Enzymatic methods are known to be gentler, but often laborious, expensive and time consuming. A novel tissue digestion method with pancreatic enzymes and a pH buffer (Tris) is here presented in a comparison to a commonly applied digestion protocol with potassium hydroxide. The novel protocol demonstrates a highly efficient removal of bivalve tissue (97.7 ± 0.2% dry weight loss) already over-night. Furthermore, it induces no impairment in terms of ability to correctly identify four pre-weathered plastic polymers and six textile fiber polymers by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy after exposure. The high-throughput protocol requires minimal handling, is of low cost and does not pose risk to the performer or the environment. It is therefore suggested as a candidate for a standardized digestion protocol, enabling successful analysis of microplastics ingested by bivalves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa W von Friesen
- IVL, Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Kristineberg 566, SE-45178 Fiskebäckskil, Sweden.
| | - Maria E Granberg
- IVL, Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Kristineberg 566, SE-45178 Fiskebäckskil, Sweden.
| | - Martin Hassellöv
- University of Gothenburg, Department of Marine Sciences, Kristineberg 566, SE-45178 Fiskebäckskil, Sweden.
| | - Geir W Gabrielsen
- Norwegian Polar Institute, Hjalmar Johansensgate 14, N-9296 Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Kerstin Magnusson
- IVL, Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Kristineberg 566, SE-45178 Fiskebäckskil, Sweden.
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45
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Zambrano MC, Pawlak JJ, Daystar J, Ankeny M, Cheng JJ, Venditti RA. Microfibers generated from the laundering of cotton, rayon and polyester based fabrics and their aquatic biodegradation. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 142:394-407. [PMID: 31232317 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.02.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The effect of fiber type (cotton, polyester, and rayon), temperature, and use of detergent on the number of microfibers released during laundering of knitted fabrics were studied during accelerated laboratory washing (Launder-Ometer) and home laundering experiments. Polyester and cellulose-based fabrics all shed significant amounts of microfibers and shedding levels were increased with higher water temperature and detergent use. Cellulose-based fabrics released more microfibers (0.2-4 mg/g fabric) during accelerated laundering than polyester (0.1-1 mg/g fabric). Using well-controlled aquatic biodegradation experiments it was shown that cotton and rayon microfibers are expected to degrade in natural aquatic aerobic environments whereas polyester microfibers are expected to persist in the environment for long periods of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marielis C Zambrano
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, College of Natural Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8005, United States
| | - Joel J Pawlak
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, College of Natural Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8005, United States
| | - Jesse Daystar
- Cotton Incorporated, Cary, NC 27513, United States; Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States
| | - Mary Ankeny
- Cotton Incorporated, Cary, NC 27513, United States
| | - Jay J Cheng
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7625, United States
| | - Richard A Venditti
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, College of Natural Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8005, United States.
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46
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Lu WY, Wu KH, Chen HY, Lin CC. Synthesis and Characterization of N,N,O-Tridentate Aminophenolate Zinc Complexes and Their Catalysis in the Ring-Opening Polymerization of Lactides. Front Chem 2019; 7:189. [PMID: 31024885 PMCID: PMC6459900 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of aminophenolate ligands with various pendant groups and associated ethyl Zn complexes were synthesized and studied as catalysts for the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of lactides (LAs). The thiophenylmethyl group (L4ZnEt) increased the catalytic activity more than the benzyl group (L1ZnEt) did, and 2-fluorobenzyl (L3ZnEt) and 2-methoxybenzyl (L2ZnEt) groups had the opposite effect. In addition, the LA polymerization mechanism proved by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Density Function Theory was that LA was attracted by H···O bond of an α-hydrogen of the LA molecule and the phenoxyl oxygen of the catalyst. After the dissociation of amino group from the Zn atom, the benzyl alcohol initiated LA without replacing the ethyl group of Zn complex. It is the first case where the ethyl group is regarded as a ligand and cannot be replaced by benzyl alcohol, and this information is very important for the mechanism study of ROP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yi Lu
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hui Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hsuan-Ying Chen
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Chieh Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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47
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Gatidou G, Arvaniti OS, Stasinakis AS. Review on the occurrence and fate of microplastics in Sewage Treatment Plants. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 367:504-512. [PMID: 30620926 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.12.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics are plastic fragments lower than 5 mm that are detected in the environment causing various effects on organisms. Several research articles have recognized Sewage Treatment Plants as important sources of polyethylene and polypropylene beads, polyester, polyamide and other types of microplastics. For their determination, techniques such as visual identification using microscope, Fourier-transform infrared and RAMAN spectroscopy are used, while chemical oxidation, enzymatic maceration and density separation are applied as pretreatment methods for the removal of the inorganic and organic content. Microplastics' concentrations range up to 3160 particles L-1, 125 particles L-1 and 170.9 × 103 particles Kg-1 TS dw in raw, treated wastewater and sludge, respectively. Their removal during wastewater treatment ranges between 72% and 99.4%; the main processes that contribute to their removal are primary and secondary treatment, while the effect of tertiary treatment depends on the applied technology. Entrapment in suspended solids and accumulation to sludge are the major mechanisms governing their fate. A standardized protocol for samples' collection and pretreatment as well as microplastics' isolation and characterization is needed; future reseach should investigate the possible chemical and physical changes of microplastics during treatment, and their role as carriers for the transfer of emerging micropollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Gatidou
- Department of Environment, University of the Aegean, 81100, Mytilene, Greece.
| | - Olga S Arvaniti
- Department of Food Technology, Ionian University, 28100, Argostoli, Greece
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48
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Barrows APW, Cathey SE, Petersen CW. Marine environment microfiber contamination: Global patterns and the diversity of microparticle origins. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 237:275-284. [PMID: 29494921 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.02.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic and microfiber pollution has been documented in all major ocean basins. Microfibers are one of the most common microparticle pollutants along shorelines. Over 9 million tons of fibers are produced annually; 60% are synthetic and ∼25% are non-synthetic. Non-synthetic and semi-synthetic microfibers are infrequently documented and not typically included in marine environment impact analyses, resulting in underestimation of a potentially pervasive and harmful pollutant. We present the most extensive worldwide microparticle distribution dataset using 1-liter grab samples (n = 1393). Our citizen scientist driven study shows a global microparticle average of 11.8 ± 24.0 particles L-1 (mean ± SD), approximately three orders of magnitude higher than global model predictions. Open ocean samples showed consistently higher densities than coastal samples, with the highest concentrations found in the polar oceans (n = 51), confirming previous empirical and theoretical studies. Particles were predominantly microfibers (91%) and 0.1-1.5 mm in length (77%), a smaller size than those captured in the majority of surface studies. Using μFT-IR we determined the material types of 113 pieces; 57% were classified as synthetic, 12% as semi-synthetic, and 31% as non-synthetic. Samples were taken globally, including from coastal environments and understudied ocean regions. Some of these sites are emerging as areas of concentrated floating plastic and anthropogenic debris, influenced by distant waste mismanagement and/or deposition of airborne particles. Incorporation of smaller-sized microfibers in oceanographic models, which has been lacking, will help us to better understand the movement and transformation of synthetic, semi-synthetic and non-synthetic microparticles in regional seas and ocean basins.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P W Barrows
- Adventure Scientists, PO Box 1834, Bozeman, MT 59771, USA; College of the Atlantic, Department of Biology, 105 Eden Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA.
| | - S E Cathey
- Adventure Scientists, PO Box 1834, Bozeman, MT 59771, USA; Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Department of Biological Sciences, 926 West Campus Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - C W Petersen
- College of the Atlantic, Department of Biology, 105 Eden Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
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49
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Railo S, Talvitie J, Setälä O, Koistinen A, Lehtiniemi M. Application of an enzyme digestion method reveals microlitter in Mytilus trossulus at a wastewater discharge area. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 130:206-214. [PMID: 29866549 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The ingestion of microlitter by blue mussels (450) was studied at a wastewater recipient area in the Baltic Sea. The mussel soft tissues were digested using enzymatic detergents and the detected litter particles characterized with FT-IR imaging spectroscopy. Microlitter concentration in seawater and WWTP effluent were also measured. Microlitter was found in 66% of the mussels. Mussels from the WWTP recipient had higher microlitter content compared to those collected at the reference site. Plastics made up 8% of all the analysed microlitter particles. The dominating litter types were fibres (~90% of all microlitter), 42% of which were cotton, 17% linen, 17% viscose and 4% polyester. The risk of airborne contamination during laboratory work was lowered when mussels were digested with their shells on instead of dissecting them first. The approach was found applicable and gentle to both non-synthetic and synthetic materials including fragile fibres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saana Railo
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland; Marine Research Centre, Finnish Environment Institute, P. O. Box 140, FI-00251 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Julia Talvitie
- Department of Built Environment, Aalto University, PO Box 15200, FI-00076, Aalto, Finland; Marine Research Centre, Finnish Environment Institute, P. O. Box 140, FI-00251 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Outi Setälä
- Marine Research Centre, Finnish Environment Institute, P. O. Box 140, FI-00251 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Arto Koistinen
- SIB Labs, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Maiju Lehtiniemi
- Marine Research Centre, Finnish Environment Institute, P. O. Box 140, FI-00251 Helsinki, Finland
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50
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Dris R, Gasperi J, Rocher V, Tassin B. Synthetic and non-synthetic anthropogenic fibers in a river under the impact of Paris Megacity: Sampling methodological aspects and flux estimations. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 618:157-164. [PMID: 29128764 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Processed fibers are highly present in our daily life and can be either natural, artificial (regenerated cellulose) and synthetic (made with petrochemicals). Their widespread use lead inevitably to a high contamination of environment. Previous studies focus on plastic particles regardless of their type or shape as long as they are comprised between 330μm and 5mm. On the contrary, this study focuses exclusively on fibers using a smaller mesh size net (80μm) to sample freshwater. Moreover, all processed organic fibers are considered, irrespective to their nature. First, the short term temporal variability of the fibers in the environment was assessed. While exposing the sampling net during 1min a coefficient of variation of approx. 45% (with n=6) was determined. It was of only 26% (n=6) when the exposure was of 3min. The assessment of the distribution through the section showed a possible difference in concentrations between the middle of the water surface and the river banks which could be attributed to the intense river traffic within the Paris Megacity. The vertical variability seems negligible as turbulence and current conditions homogenize the distribution of the fibers. A monthly monitoring showed concentrations of 100.6±99.9fibers·m-3 in the Marne River and of: 48.5±98.5, 27.9±26.3, 27.9±40.3 and 22.1±25.3fibers·m-3 from the upstream to downstream points in the Seine River. Once these concentrations are converted into fluxes, it seems that the impact generated by the Paris Megacity cannot be distinguished. Investigations on the role of sedimentation and deposition on the banks are required. This study helped fill some major knowledge gaps regarding the fibers in rivers, their sampling, occurrence, spatial-temporal distribution and fluxes. It is encouraged that future studies include both synthetic and none synthetic fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachid Dris
- Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Eau, Environnement, Systèmes Urbains (LEESU), UMR MA 102 - AgroParisTech, 61 Avenue du Général de Gaulle, Créteil Cedex, France.
| | - Johnny Gasperi
- Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Eau, Environnement, Systèmes Urbains (LEESU), UMR MA 102 - AgroParisTech, 61 Avenue du Général de Gaulle, Créteil Cedex, France
| | - Vincent Rocher
- Syndicat Interdépartemental Pour l'Assainissement de l'Agglomération Parisienne, Direction du Développement et de la Prospective, 82 Avenue Kléber, Colombes, France
| | - Bruno Tassin
- Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Eau, Environnement, Systèmes Urbains (LEESU), UMR MA 102 - AgroParisTech, 61 Avenue du Général de Gaulle, Créteil Cedex, France.
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