Integrated Proteomics and Metabolomics Analysis to Explore the Amelioration Mechanisms of Rosa roxburghii Tratt Fruit Polyphenols on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury Mice

Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice ameliorates metabolic disorder in arsenicosis patients based on the analysis of untargeted plasma metabolomics

Arsenic is an environmental metalloid contaminant known to induce multi-system and multi-organ damage, yet the precise toxicological mechanisms remain unclear. Moreover, effective low-toxicity interventions or treatments are lacking. This study aims to investigate the potential ameliorative effects of Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice (RRTJ) on metabolic disorders in arsenicosis patients, with a focus on plasma metabolite profiles. Using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS), we analyzed the plasma metabolic profiles of arsenicosis patients before and after RRTJ intervention. After RRTJ intervention, significant alterations were observed in the plasma levels of 61 metabolites, with 30 metabolites upregulated and 31 downregulated. These metabolites were predominantly involved in six key biological pathways, including taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, histidine metabolism, β-alanine metabolism, glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism, pentose and glucuronate interconversions, as well as cysteine and methionine metabolism. In conclusion, RRTJ intervention may effectively alleviate metabolic disorders associated with arsenic toxicity, potentially through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory effects and regulation of methylation pathways.

Informatics-assisted proteomics revealing the anti-inflammatory effects of satsuma orange (Citrus unshiu) peel flavonoid extract in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells

Citrus unshiu peel (CUP), rich in flavonoids, has been traditionally used for its health benefits. This study investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of CUP flavonoid extract (CUPFE) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW 264.7 cells through proteomics analysis. CUPFE significantly reduced the inflammatory mediators and cytokines (nitric oxide, IL-6, and CCL-2) production. Quantitative proteomics analysis using LC-MS/MS identified 140 differentially expressed proteins between the CUPFE and LPS groups, with 86 proteins upregulated and 54 downregulated. Notably, CUPFE negatively regulated 56 proteins induced by LPS. Functional enrichment analysis using gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes revealed that most of these proteins are involved in signal transduction pathways (TNF-α, NF-κB, PI3K-Akt, mTOR, and MAPK) regulating inflammatory processes. Further analysis showed that CUPFE interferes these signaling pathways in a dose-dependent manner, counteracting the LPS-induced effects. Collectively, this study reveals CUPFE's anti-inflammatory effects, laying basis for future research on treating inflammation-related conditions.

Supplementary Information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-025-01830-1.

Rosa roxburghii fermented juice mitigates LPS-induced acute lung injury by modulation of intestinal flora and metabolites

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a severe pulmonary condition with high mortality and morbidity, lacking effective pharmacotherapeutic options. Rosa roxburghii Tratt, a unique fruit from southwestern China, is valued for its rich nutritional content and functional properties. Fermentation is known to enhance the nutritional value, flavor, and shelf life of foods. In this study, we investigated the effects of fermented Rosa roxburghii juice (RRFJ) on gut microbiota, metabolites, and the levels of short-chain fatty acids in the intestines, as well as its impact on lung tissue and intestine tissue injury, inflammation, and oxidative stress in murine models. The results showed that RRFJ modulated gut microbiota and metabolites, increased short-chain fatty acid levels, and consequently reduced lung tissue injury, inflammation, and oxidative stress in mice with ALI. These findings suggest that RRFJ has the potential to serve as a functional dietary adjunct in the management of acute lung injury, providing a scientific basis for its therapeutic role.

Mechanistic study of leukopenia treatment by Qijiao shengbai Capsule via the Bcl2/Bax/CASAPSE3 pathway

Background

Leukopenia can be caused by chemotherapy, which suppresses bone marrow function and can impact the effectiveness of cancer treatment. Qijiao Shengbai Capsule (QJSB) is commonly used to treat leukopenia, but the specific bioactive components and mechanisms of action are not well understood.

Objectives and results

This study aimed to analyze the active ingredients of QJSB and its potential targets for treating leukopenia using network pharmacology and molecular docking. Through a combination of serum pharmacochemistry, multi-omics, network pharmacology, and validation experiments in a murine leukopenia model, the researchers sought to understand how QJSB improves leukopenia. The study identified 16 key components of QJSB that act in vivo to increase the number of white blood cells in leukopenic mice. Multi-omics analysis and network pharmacology revealed that the PI3K-Akt and MAPK signaling pathways are important in the treatment of leukopenia with QJSB. Five specific targets (JUN, FOS, BCl-2, CASPAS-3) were identified as key targets.

Conclusion

Validation experiments confirmed that QJSB regulates genes related to cell growth and inhibits apoptosis, suggesting that apoptosis may play a crucial role in leukopenia development and that QJSB may improve immune function by regulating apoptotic proteins and increasing CD4+ T cell count in leukopenic mice.

MS based foodomics: An edge tool integrated metabolomics and proteomics for food science

Foodomics has become a popular methodology in food science studies. Mass spectrometry (MS) based metabolomics and proteomics analysis played indispensable roles in foodomics research. So far, several methodologies have been developed to detect the metabolites and proteins in diets and consumers, including sample preparation, MS data acquisition, annotation and interpretation. Moreover, multiomics analysis integrated metabolomics and proteomics have received considerable attentions in the field of food safety and nutrition, because of more comprehensive and deeply. In this context, we intended to review the emerging strategies and their applications in MS-based foodomics, as well as future challenges and trends. The principle and application of multiomics were also discussed, such as the optimization of data acquisition, development of analysis algorithm and exploration of systems biology.

Unlocking the potential of Rosa roxburghii Tratt polyphenol: a novel approach to treating acute lung injury from a perspective of the lung-gut axis

Introduction

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a serious respiratory disease characterized by progressive respiratory failure with high morbidity and mortality. It is becoming increasingly important to develop functional foods from polyphenol-rich medicinal and dietary plants in order to prevent or alleviate ALI by regulating intestinal microflora. Rosa roxburghii Tratt polyphenol (RRTP) has significant preventive and therapeutic effects on lipopolysaccharide-induced ALI mice, but its regulatory effects on gut homeostasis in ALI mice remains unclear.

Methods

This study aims to systematically evaluate the ameliorative effects of RRTP from the perspective of "lung-gut axis" on ALI mice by intestine histopathological assessment, oxidative stress indicators detection and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production, and then explore the modulatory mechanisms of RRTP on intestinal homeostasis by metabolomics and gut microbiomics of cecal contents.

Results

The results showed that RRTP can synergistically exert anti-ALI efficacy by significantly ameliorating intestinal tissue damage, inhibiting oxidative stress, increasing SCFAs in cecal contents, regulating the composition and structure of intestinal flora, increasing Akkermansia muciniphila and modulating disordered intestinal endogenous metabolites.

Discussion

This study demonstrated that RRTP has significant advantages in adjuvant therapy of ALI, and systematically clarified its comprehensive improvement mechanism from a new perspective of "lung-gut axis", which provides a breakthrough for the food and healthcare industries to develop products from botanical functional herbs and foods to prevent or alleviate ALI by regulating intestinal flora.

Rosa Roxburghii Tratt Fruit Extract Prevents Dss-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice by Modulating the Gut Microbiota and the IL-17 Signaling Pathway

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a non-specific inflammatory bowel illness characterized by intestinal mucosal barrier degradation, inflammation, oxidative damage, and gut microbiota imbalances. Rosa roxburghii Tratt Fruit extract (RRTE) was extracted from Rosa roxburghii Tratt fruit, exhibiting an excellent prevention effect against UC; RRTE could prevent the damage of DSS-induced human normal colonic epithelial (NCM 460) cells, especially in cell viability and morphology, and oxidative damage. Additionally, in UC mice, RRTE could limit the intestinal mucosal barrier by increasing the expression of intestinal tight junction proteins and mucin, reducing inflammation and oxidative damage in colon tissue. More importantly, RRTE can increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria to regulate gut microbiota such as Ruminococcus, Turicibacter, and Parabacteroides, and reduce the abundance of harmful bacteria such as Staphylococcus and Shigella. Furthermore, transcriptomics of colonic mucosal findings point out that the beneficial effect of RRTE on UC could be attributed to the modulation of inflammatory responses such as the IL-17 and TNF signaling pathways. The qPCR results confirm that RRTE did involve the regulation of several genes in the IL-17 signaling pathway. In conclusion, RRTE could prevent DSS-induced damage both in vitro and in vivo.