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Lisandro Althaus R, Guillermo Nagel O, Eluk D. Inhibitory action of antibiotics on Kluyveromyces marxianus. Rev Argent Microbiol 2024; 56:134-139. [PMID: 38472028 DOI: 10.1016/j.ram.2023.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
A bioassay containing Kluyveromyces marxianus in microtiter plates was used to determine the inhibitory action of 28 antibiotics (aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, macrolides, quinolones, tetracyclines and sulfonamides) against this yeast in whey. For this purpose, the dose-response curve for each antibiotic was constructed using 16 replicates of 12 different concentrations of the antibiotic. The plates were incubated at 40°C until the negative samples exhibited their indicator (5-7h). Subsequently, the absorbances of the yeast cells in each plate were measured by the turbidimetric method (λ=600nm) and the logistic regression model was applied. The concentrations causing 10% (IC10) and 50% (IC50) of growth inhibition of the yeast were calculated. The results allowed to conclude that whey contaminated with cephalosporins, quinolones and tetracyclines at levels close to the Maximum Residue Limits inhibits the growth of K. marxianus. Therefore, previous inactivation treatments should be implemented in order to re-use this contaminated whey by fermentation with K. marxianus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Lisandro Althaus
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral - R.P.L. Kreder 2805, 3080 Esperanza, Argentina.
| | - Orlando Guillermo Nagel
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral - R.P.L. Kreder 2805, 3080 Esperanza, Argentina
| | - Dafna Eluk
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral - R.P.L. Kreder 2805, 3080 Esperanza, Argentina
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2
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Dubbelboer IR, Le Roux-Pullen L, Gehring R. Systematic review of physiologically based kinetic lactation models for transfer of xenobiotic compounds to milk. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 467:116495. [PMID: 36996912 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Lactational elimination has been described mathematically for nearly 50 years. Over 40 published articles, containing >50 physiologically based kinetic (PBK) lactation models were included in the systematic review. These PBK models described the lactational elimination of xenobiotic compounds in humans, rats, mice, and dairy cows and goats. A total of 78 compounds have been modelled, ranging from industrial chemicals, pesticides, to pain medication, antibiotics, and caffeine. Few models included several species or compounds, and models were thus generally not translational or generic. Three dairy cow models mechanistically described the intramammary disposition of pharmaceuticals after intramammary administration, including volume changes caused by milking, while empirically describing the remaining pharmacokinetics. The remaining models were semi- or whole body PBK models, describing long-term exposure of environmental pollutants, or short-term exposure of pharmaceuticals. The absolute majority described the disposition to the mammary gland or milk with perfusion limited compartments, but permeability limited models were available as well. With long-term exposure, models often included changes in milk volume and/or consumption by the offspring, and changes in body weight of offspring. Periodic emptying of the mammary gland, as with feeding or milking, was sparsely applied. Rodent models used similar physiological parameters, while values of physiological parameters applied in human models could range widely. When milk composition was included in the models, it most often included the fat content. The review gives an extensive overview of the applied functions and modelling strategies of PBK lactation models.
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Beltrán M, Sanna A, Quintanilla P, Montes R, Molina M. Quinolones in goats’ milk: effect on the cheese-making process, chemical and microbial characteristics of acid-coagulated cheeses. Int Dairy J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2022.105538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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4
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Giraldo J, Igualada C, Cabizza R, Althaus RL, Beltrán MC. Transfer of antibiotics from goat's milk to rennet curd and whey fractions during cheese-making. Food Chem 2022; 392:133218. [PMID: 35659161 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The transfer of 35 antibiotics from milk to curd and whey was evaluated. Cheeses were produced at laboratory scale, from antibiotic-free goat's milk spiked with different antibiotic concentrations between 0.25 and 4 times the Maximum Residue Limits established in milk. Drug concentrations in milk, curd and whey were analysed by UHPLC-HRMS. Results indicated that most antibiotics were mainly transferred from milk to whey (up to 85.9%), with retention percentages in the curd lower than 50%, except for ceftiofur (59.7%) and dicloxacillin (52.8%). In most cases, drug distribution was unaffected by the antibiotic concentration in milk and correlated significantly to the drug lipophilicity (Log P) for β-lactams (R2 = 0.54) and sulfonamides (R2 = 0.62). When drug ionization was considered (Log D), improved correlation coefficients were obtained for macrolides (R2 = 0.98). However, other factors besides the drug solubility should be considered to explain and predict the partitioning of antibiotics during cheese-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Giraldo
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain.
| | - Carmen Igualada
- Laboratorio de Salud Pública de Valencia-FISABIO, Avda. de Catalunya 21, Valencia 46020, Spain.
| | - Roberto Cabizza
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Viale Italia 39, Sassari 07100, Italy.
| | - Rafael Lisandro Althaus
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, R.P.L. Kreder, Esperanza 3080, Argentina.
| | - María Carmen Beltrán
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain.
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Wang Q, Wu Y, Bao X, Yang M, Liu J, Sun K, Li Z, Deng G. Novel fluorescence sensor for the selective recognition of tetracycline based on molecularly imprinted polymer-capped N-doped carbon dots. RSC Adv 2022; 12:24778-24785. [PMID: 36128401 PMCID: PMC9429051 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03923k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel fluorescent probe based on molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) coupled with N-doped carbon dots (CDs) was prepared and used for specific recognition and sensitive determination of tetracycline (TC). N-doped CDs were synthesized using citric acid as a carbon source and ethylenediamine as a nitrogen source by a microwave assisted pyrolysis method. The determination conditions such as the solvents, material amount, pH value, and temperature were optimized. The CDs-MIPs have the best quenching on TC in water. The proposed method used for TC determination in milk powder samples had a detection limit of 0.054 μg mL-1 and a wide range of 0.5-30 μg mL-1. Meanwhile, satisfactory recoveries were obtained ranging from 95 to 108%. Oxytetracycline, chlorotetracycline and most of the coexisting substances showed no obvious interference indicating that the CDs-MIP probe exhibited high selectivity due to the presence of imprinted sites. Charge transfer from CDs-MIPs to TC may be through the mechanism of fluorescence quenching. This work gives a feasible strategy for the synthesis of N-doped carbon dot based molecularly imprinted polymers used as a fluorescent sensor in the food analysis field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihui Wang
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Structural Optimization and Application of Functional Molecules, Chengdu Normal University Chengdu 611130 China
| | - Yiwen Wu
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Structural Optimization and Application of Functional Molecules, Chengdu Normal University Chengdu 611130 China
| | - Xumei Bao
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Structural Optimization and Application of Functional Molecules, Chengdu Normal University Chengdu 611130 China
| | - Min Yang
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Structural Optimization and Application of Functional Molecules, Chengdu Normal University Chengdu 611130 China
| | - Jun Liu
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging & Department of Chemistry, School of Preclinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College Nanchong 637000 China
| | - Kang Sun
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Structural Optimization and Application of Functional Molecules, Chengdu Normal University Chengdu 611130 China
| | - Zhonghui Li
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Structural Optimization and Application of Functional Molecules, Chengdu Normal University Chengdu 611130 China
| | - Guowei Deng
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Structural Optimization and Application of Functional Molecules, Chengdu Normal University Chengdu 611130 China
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Abstract
Antibiotics have long been used for the prevention and treatment of common diseases and for prophylactic purposes in dairy animals. However, in recent decades it has become a matter of concern due to the widespread belief that there has been an abuse or misuse of these drugs in animals and that this misuse has led to the presence of residues in derived foods, such as milk and dairy products. Therefore, this review aims to compile the scientific literature published to date on the presence of antibiotic residues in these products worldwide. The focus is on the reasons that lead to their presence in food, on the potential problems caused by residues in the characteristics of dairy products and in their manufacturing process, on the development and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, and on the effects that both residues and resistant bacteria can cause on human and environmental health.
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A physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model exploring the blood-milk barrier in lactating species - A case study with oxytetracycline administered to dairy cows and goats. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 161:112848. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.112848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Ray A, Nkwonta C, Forrestal P, Danaher M, Richards K, O'Callaghan T, Hogan S, Cummins E. Current knowledge on urease and nitrification inhibitors technology and their safety. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2021; 36:477-491. [PMID: 34821117 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2020-0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Urea is one of the most widely used commercial fertilisers worldwide due to its high N density and cost effectiveness. However, it can be lost in the form of gaseous ammonia and other greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions which can potentially lead to environmental pollution. Farmers are compelled to apply more urea to account for those losses, thereby increasing their expenditure on fertilization. The objective of this paper is to present a literature review on current knowledge regarding inhibitor technologies such as urease inhibitor; n-(N-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT), and nitrification inhibitor; dicyandiamide (DCD). METHODS A thorough review of all the scientific literature was carried out and a proposed risk assessment framework developed. RESULTS The study showed that the urease inhibitor NBPT significantly reduced NH3 loss from urea. However, concerns about NBPT safety to human health had been raised when the nitrification inhibitor DCD appeared as a residue in milk. This article presents a risk assessment framework for evaluating human exposure to chemicals like NBPT or DCD, following the consumption of foods of animal origin (e.g. milk) from cows grazing on inhibitor-treated pasture. CONCLUSION The EU's target of a 40% reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 can be aided by using NBPT as part of an overall suite of solutions. A comprehensive risk assessment is advised for effective evaluation of potential risks from exposure to these inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya Ray
- School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Chikere Nkwonta
- Food Safety Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Patrick Forrestal
- Teagasc Crops, Environment and Land Use Programme, Johnstown Castle, Co. Wexford, Wexford, Ireland
| | - Martin Danaher
- Food Safety Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Karl Richards
- Teagasc Crops, Environment and Land Use Programme, Johnstown Castle, Co. Wexford, Wexford, Ireland
| | - Tom O'Callaghan
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sean Hogan
- Moorepark Food Research Centre, Teagasc, Cork, Ireland
| | - Enda Cummins
- School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Dublin, Ireland
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of cefquinome in different dairy products during the processing of naturally contaminated milk or spiked milk. The analysis of cefquinome residues in milk, skimmed milk, buttermilk, whey, cream, butter, curd, and cheese samples was performed using a water:acetonitrile solvent extraction and C18 dispersive solid-phase extraction (d-SPE) clean-up, followed by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS) determination. The target concentration of cefquinome was achieved in the spiked milk (100 µg kg−1). During its processing, the antibiotic migrated primarily with the skimmed milk as opposed to cream (ratios of 3.6:1 and 2.8:1 for experiments A and B, respectively), and with the buttermilk during butter manufacture (ratios of 6.9:1 and 4.6:1), but was equal in the curd and whey during the manufacture of cheese. In the milk collected from treated animals, the measured concentration of cefquinome was considerably high (approx. 5000 µg kg−1). The results obtained from the dairy products were similar to those obtained in the spiked study (ratios of 8.2:1 and 3.1:1 for experiments A and B, respectively, during the separation of skimmed milk and cream; 6.0:1 and 5.0:1 for A and B, respectively, during the separation of buttermilk and butter). However, during cheesemaking, cefquinome migrated with the whey after cutting the curd, with ratios of 0.54:1 and 0.44:1 for experiments A and B, respectively. The difference in the migration of cefquinome between curd and whey in spiked and animal studies is probably due to the different concentration levels in the two different experiments. The results of this study showed that, in dairy products manufactured from milk containing cefquinome residues, the drug migrated primarily with the high-water-containing fractions.
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Lányi K, Darnay L, László N, Lehel J, Friedrich L, Győri R, Laczay P. Transfer of certain beta-lactam antibiotics from cow's milk to fresh cheese and whey. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2021; 39:52-60. [PMID: 34506720 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2021.1973114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the transfer of cephalexin, penicillin-G, and ampicillin & cloxacillin from cow's milk to cheese and whey. For this purpose, raw milk was artificially contaminated to different antibiotic levels and then heat-treated to prepare fresh cheese from it. Antibiotic levels of the milk, whey and cheese were measured with LC-MS/MS. The extent of heat degradation was not sufficient to remove the antibiotic residues from milk. Antibiotic concentrations in whey and fresh cheese were in good accordance with the concentration of the same compound in milk suggesting that contamination of the milk will result in contamination of the product. The investigated antibiotics were transferred less into the cheese curd (1.6-12.5% of the original amount), than into the whey (33.2-74.1%). For penicillin-G even 100% (complete removal) was experienced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Lányi
- Department of Food Hygiene, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lívia Darnay
- Department of Food Hygiene, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Noémi László
- Department of Food Hygiene, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - József Lehel
- Department of Food Hygiene, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Friedrich
- Faculty of Food Science, Department of Refrigeration and Livestock Products Technology, Szent István University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rebeka Győri
- Department of Food Hygiene, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Laczay
- Department of Food Hygiene, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
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11
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Hassan HF, Saidy L, Haddad R, Hosri C, Asmar S, Jammoul A, Jammoul R, Hassan H, Serhan M. Investigation of the effects of some processing conditions on the fate of oxytetracycline and tylosin antibiotics in the making of commonly consumed cheeses from the East Mediterranean. Vet World 2021; 14:1644-1649. [PMID: 34316215 PMCID: PMC8304414 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.1644-1649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Transfer of antibiotics from raw milk to derived products is directly related to the processes involved in the manufacturing of dairy products, including East Mediterranean cheeses, since these have particular flow diagrams of production. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of skimming, pasteurization, curding, pressing, salting, cheese boiling, and whey acidification/heating on two widely used antibiotics in Lebanon, oxytetracycline (OTC) and tylosin (TYL), in the manufacture of commonly consumed cheeses in the East Mediterranean. Materials and Methods: Four hundred and fifty kilograms of full-fat bovine milk were spiked with OTC and TYL, then skimmed and pasteurized using holder and high-temperature short-time (HTST) methods. Milk was then processed to make cheeses (23 kg Baladi, 20 kg Akkawi, 20 kg Halloum, and 18 kg Double Cream). Liquid chromatography–mass-spectrometry was used to measure antibiotics. Analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences v25. Results: Skimming significantly (p=0.015) decreased TYL concentration by 68.6%. OTC degradation during holder (41-54%) proved to be significant (p=0.015). HTST had a significant (p=0.012) effect on TYL with 32% degradation. Curding step in making Baladi had a significant (p=0.028) effect on OTC only with the concentration increasing by 1.5-fold. Acidification and heating of whey to produce Double Cream decreased significantly (p=0.037) OTC concentration (14.7-46.3%), while TYL concentration increased significantly (p=0.000) by 300%. Pressing and salting in making Akkawi did not have any significant effect, while cheese boiling in making Halloum significantly decreased both antibiotics. Conclusion: OTC is transferred to Baladi and Akkawi (curd based) mainly, while double cream (whey based) has a high level of TYL transfer. Hence, people who consume these cheeses excessively could be exposed to high amounts of both antibiotics and thus be prone to their detrimental effect on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein F Hassan
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Lebanon
| | - Liz Saidy
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Lebanon
| | - Rita Haddad
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Lebanon
| | - Chadi Hosri
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agronomy, Lebanese University, Dekwaneh, Lebanon
| | - Shady Asmar
- Research and Development Department, Dairy Khoury, Metn, Lebanon
| | - Adla Jammoul
- Lebanese Agricultural Research Institute, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Rola Jammoul
- Lebanese Agricultural Research Institute, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Hamad Hassan
- Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.,Minister's Office, Ministry of Public Health, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mireille Serhan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Balamand, Koura, Lebanon
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12
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Liu G, Li W, Qin X, Zhong Q. Flexible protein nanofibrils fabricated in aqueous ethanol: Physical characteristics and properties of forming emulsions of conjugated linolenic acid. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.106573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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13
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Gbylik-Sikorska M, Gajda A, Nowacka-Kozak E, Posyniak A. The “force” of cloxacillin residue will be with you in various dairy products – The last experimental evidence. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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14
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Silva FRN, Pereira AD, Baptista DP, Pereira MU, Spisso BF, Gigante ML, de Campos Braga PA, Reyes FGR, Arisseto-Bragotto AP. Monensin residues in the production of Minas Frescal cheese: Stability, effects on fermentation, fate and physicochemical characteristics of the cheese. Food Res Int 2020; 137:109440. [PMID: 33233121 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Considering the widespread use of the antibiotic monensin (MON) in the Brazilian livestock and the possibility of residues in milk, this paper aimed to study the stability and fate of this drug during the production of Brazilian Minas Frescal cheese, its effects on milk fermentation and on the physicochemical characteristics of this product. For that, samples of raw milk were fortified with MON at three different nominal concentrations (1.0, 2.0 and 8.0 μg/kg), passed through heat treatment and used to produce Minas Frescal cheese. Pasteurization efficiency was certified by alkaline phosphatase and peroxidase enzyme tests and cheese samples were evaluated for pH, moisture and total protein and fat content. MON residues were determined by LC-MS/MS in the following steps: raw milk, heat-treated milk, whey and cheese. No significant degradation of MON due to heat treatment was observed, suggesting that the drug is resistant to high temperatures. Moreover, the residue levels quantified in cheese and whey demonstrated a concentration of this antibiotic in the curd by about 5-fold, with a small amount of MON being lost during draining. There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) considering the physicochemical parameters evaluated in cheese samples. Fermentation was also not affected by the presence of the drug. The results showed that residues of MON in milk are stable during cheese production and may be concentrated in the final product, as well as indicate the need to establish a MON safe residue level for this food commodity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mararlene Ulberg Pereira
- National Institute for Quality Control in Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation - INCQS/FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Bernardete Ferraz Spisso
- National Institute for Quality Control in Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation - INCQS/FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mirna Lúcia Gigante
- School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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15
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Granados JAO, Thangarasu P, Singh N, Vázquez-Ramos JM. Tetracycline and its quantum dots for recognition of Al3+ and application in milk developing cells bio-imaging. Food Chem 2019; 278:523-532. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.11.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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16
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Quintanilla P, Beltrán MC, Molina A, Escriche I, Molina MP. Characteristics of ripened Tronchón cheese from raw goat milk containing legally admissible amounts of antibiotics. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:2941-2953. [PMID: 30799115 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the transfer of the most widely used antibiotics in dairy goats from milk to cheese as well as their effect on the cheese-making process and cheese characteristics during ripening. Antibiotic-free milk was spiked individually with 7 veterinary drugs (amoxicillin, benzylpenicillin, cloxacillin, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, and oxytetracycline) at an equivalent concentration of the European Union maximum residue limit. Spiked goat milk was used to make mature Tronchón cheeses, which were analyzed at 0, 30, and 60 d of maturation to determine pH, chemical composition, proteolytic and lipolytic activities, and color and textural properties. A sensory evaluation of 60-d ripened cheeses was carried out. Cheeses from raw antibiotic-free goat milk were made simultaneously to be used as reference. The cheese-making process was unaffected by the presence of most antibiotics evaluated. Only erythromycin and oxytetracycline significantly increased the time required for cheese production (122 ± 29 and 108 ± 25 min, respectively). However, variable amounts of antibiotics, ranging from 7.4 to 68%, were transferred from milk to cheese, with oxytetracycline and quinolones showing the highest retention rates. In general, antibiotic residues present in the cheeses at the beginning of maturation decrease significantly along time. Thus, β-lactams and erythromycin residues were not detectable after 30 d of ripening. However, relatively high concentrations of enrofloxacin (148 ± 12 µg/kg) and ciprofloxacin (253 ± 24 µg/kg) residues were found in the cheeses after 60 d of maturation. The quality characteristics of the Tronchón cheeses were only slightly affected by such substances, with few significant differences in the free fatty acid concentration and color and textural properties of the cheeses. Results herein indicate that the use of goat milk containing antibiotics, such as quinolones, at the European Union maximum residue limit for cheese production could adversely affect the safety of the final products because relatively high concentrations of these substances could be retained in soft and semi-mature cheeses, making it necessary to assess the risk for consumer health. Studies on the partition of the antibiotic substances during cheese-making, using specific technologies, would be convenient to guarantee the safety of cheese and related products.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Quintanilla
- Institute for Animal Science and Technology, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera, s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - M C Beltrán
- Institute for Animal Science and Technology, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera, s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Molina
- Department of Science and Agroforestry Technology (ETSIA-IDR), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071, Albacete, Spain
| | - I Escriche
- Institute of Food Engineering for Development, Food Technology Department, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera, s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - M P Molina
- Institute for Animal Science and Technology, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera, s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain.
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17
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Impact of a thermisation treatment on oxytetracycline spiked ovine milk: Fate of the molecule and technological implications. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Shelver WL, Lupton SJ, Shappell NW, Smith DJ, Hakk H. Distribution of Chemical Residues among Fat, Skim, Curd, Whey, and Protein Fractions in Fortified, Pasteurized Milk. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:8697-8708. [PMID: 31459001 PMCID: PMC6645336 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The distribution of 12 environmental contaminants or metabolites with diverse polarities (2,2',4,4',5-pentabromodiphenyl ether; bisphenol A; estrone; glyphosate; β-hexabromocyclododecane; imidacloprid; 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl; 3'-methylsulfone 2,2',4,5,5'-pentachlorobiphenyl; 1,2,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin; 2-hydroxy-1,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin; tetrabromobisphenol A; and triclocarban) among skim milk, fat, curd, whey, whey retentate, and whey permeate was characterized. Analysis of these compounds along with 15 drugs previously studied provided a robust linear model predicting the distribution between skim and fat and the chemical's lipophilicity (log P, r 2 = 0.71; log D, r 2 = 0.79). Similarly, distribution between curd and whey was correlated with lipophilicity (log P, r 2 = 0.63; log D, r 2 = 0.73). Phenolic compounds had less predictable distribution patterns based on their lipophilicities. Within the whey fraction, chemicals with greater lipophilicity are associated with whey proteins more than hydrophilic chemicals. The resultant model could help predict the potential distribution of chemical contaminants among milk products in cow milk, if present.
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Lupton SJ, Shappell NW, Shelver WL, Hakk H. Distribution of Spiked Drugs between Milk Fat, Skim Milk, Whey, Curd, and Milk Protein Fractions: Expansion of Partitioning Models. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:306-314. [PMID: 29271654 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The distributions of eight drugs (acetaminophen, acetylsalicylic acid/salicylic acid, ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin, flunixin, phenylbutazone, praziquantel, and thiamphenicol) were determined in milk products (skim milk, milk fat, curd, whey, and whey protein) and used to expand a previous model (from 7 drugs to 15 drugs) for predicting drug distribution. Phenylbutazone and praziquantel were found to distribute with the lipid and curd phases (≥50%). Flunixin distribution was lower but similar in direction (12% in milk fat, 39% in curd). Acetaminophen, ciprofloxacin, and praziquantel preferentially associated with casein proteins, whereas thiamphenicol and clarithromycin associated preferentially to whey proteins. Regression analyses for log [milk fat]/[skim milk] and log [curd]/[whey] had r2 values of 0.63 and 0.67, respectively, with p of <0.001 for 15 drugs (7 previously tested and 8 currently tested). The robustness of the distribution model was enhanced by doubling the number of drugs originally tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara J Lupton
- Red River Valley Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture , 1605 Albrecht Blvd., Fargo, North Dakota 58102-2765, United States
| | - Nancy W Shappell
- Red River Valley Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture , 1605 Albrecht Blvd., Fargo, North Dakota 58102-2765, United States
| | - Weilin L Shelver
- Red River Valley Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture , 1605 Albrecht Blvd., Fargo, North Dakota 58102-2765, United States
| | - Heldur Hakk
- Red River Valley Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture , 1605 Albrecht Blvd., Fargo, North Dakota 58102-2765, United States
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Cheema M, Hristov AN, Harte FM. The binding of orally dosed hydrophobic active pharmaceutical ingredients to casein micelles in milk. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:8670-8679. [PMID: 28918155 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-12631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Casein proteins (αS1-, αS2-, β- and κ-casein) account for 80% of the total protein content in bovine milk and form casein micelles (average diameter = 130 nm, approximately 1015 micelles/mL). The affinity of native casein micelles with the 3 hydrophobic active pharmaceutical ingredients (API), meloxicam [351.4 g/mol; log P = 3.43; acid dissociation constant (pKa) = 4.08], flunixin (296.2 g/mol; log P = 4.1; pKa = 5.82), and thiabendazole (201.2 g/mol; log P = 2.92; pKa = 4.64), was evaluated in bovine milk collected from dosed Holstein cows. Native casein micelles were separated from raw bovine milk by mild techniques such as ultracentrifugation, diafiltration, isoelectric point precipitation (pH 4.6), and size exclusion chromatography. Acetonitrile extraction of hydrophobic API was then done, followed by quantification using HPLC-UV. For the API or metabolites meloxicam, 5-hyroxy flunixin and 5-hydroxy thiabendazole, 31 ± 3.90, 31 ± 1.3, and 28 ± 0.5% of the content in milk was associated with casein micelles, respectively. Less than ∼5.0% of the recovered hydrophobic API were found in the milk fat fraction, and the remaining ∼65% were associated with the whey/serum fraction. A separate in vitro study showed that 66 ± 6.4% of meloxicam, 29 ± 0.58% of flunixin, 34 ± 0.21% of the metabolite 5-hyroxy flunixin, 50 ± 4.5% of thiabendazole, and 33 ± 3.8% of metabolite 5-hydroxy thiabendazole was found partitioned into casein micelles. Our study supports the hypothesis that casein micelles are native carriers for hydrophobic compounds in bovine milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cheema
- Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802
| | - A N Hristov
- Department of Animal Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802
| | - F M Harte
- Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802.
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