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Sharma RK, Sahai R, Singh NC, Maheshwari M, Yadav N, Sarkar J, Mitra K. Ormeloxifene induces mitochondrial fission-mediated pro-death autophagy in colon cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2025; 759:151698. [PMID: 40153998 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2025.151698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2025] [Accepted: 03/24/2025] [Indexed: 04/01/2025]
Abstract
Ormeloxifene (ORM) is a nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), developed by the CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute that is approved as an oral contraceptive. However, it has also shown promising anti-cancer activity, especially in breast cancer. Here, we have investigated the anti-cancer effect of ORM on colon cancer cells and show that its antiproliferative activity is mediated through mitochondrial fission and autophagy-associated cell death. We observed that ORM treatment led to an elevation in autophagy markers like LC3II, Beclin1, and Atg7. Autophagy induction and LC3II turnover were monitored by immunofluorescence staining and confocal microscopy. Transmission electron microscopy results confirmed the formation of autophagosomes and autophagolysosomes. Autophagic flux was confirmed by the increased expression of LC3II in cells co-treated with BafilomycinA1(autophagy inhibitor) and ORM. This was further corroborated using tandem mRFP-GFP-LC3 (tfLC3) transfection in DLD-1 cells. Interestingly, we observed that inhibition of autophagy reduced the apoptotic cell population, suggesting pro-death autophagy. ORM treatment caused notable ultrastructural alterations indicative of cellular stress. Notably, ORM triggered the generation of mitochondrial ROS, associated with increased levels of mitochondrial fission and a decrease in mitochondrial fusion proteins. Changes in mitochondrial dynamics were observed under the TEM, which included reduced mitochondrial size and increased mitochondrial number. Inhibition of mitochondrial fission resulted in enhanced cell survival and a concomitant decrease in the autophagic markers, implying that ORM-induced autophagy depends on mitochondrial fission. Taken together, our findings bring to light a novel mechanism where Ormeloxifene targets mitochondrial dynamics to promote autophagy-associated cell death in colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar Sharma
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility and Research, CSIR - Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Rohit Sahai
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility and Research, CSIR - Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 031, India
| | - Nishakumari Chentunarayan Singh
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility and Research, CSIR - Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 031, India
| | - Mayank Maheshwari
- Division of Cancer Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Nisha Yadav
- Division of Cancer Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Jayanta Sarkar
- Division of Cancer Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Kalyan Mitra
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility and Research, CSIR - Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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2
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Kandettu A, Kuthethur R, Chakrabarty S. A detailed review on the role of miRNAs in mitochondrial-nuclear cross talk during cancer progression. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2025; 1871:167731. [PMID: 39978440 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2025.167731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2024] [Revised: 01/11/2025] [Accepted: 02/12/2025] [Indexed: 02/22/2025]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs that are associated with biochemical pathways through the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in different cell types. Based on their expression pattern and function, miRNAs can have oncogenic and tumor suppressor activities in different cancer cells. Altered mitochondrial function and bioenergetics are known hallmarks of cancer cells. Mitochondria play a central role in metabolic reprogramming during cancer progression. Cancer cells exploit mitochondrial function for cell proliferation, invasion, migration and metastasis. Genetic and epigenetic changes in nuclear genome contribute to altered mitochondrial function and metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells. Recent studies have identified the role of miRNAs as major facilitators of anterograde and retrograde signaling between the nucleus and mitochondria in cancer cells. Detailed analysis of the miRNA-mediated regulation of mitochondrial function in cancer cells may provide new avenues for the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic management of the disease. Our review aims to discuss the role of miRNAs in nuclear-mitochondrial crosstalk regulating mitochondrial functions in different cancer types. We further discussed the potential application of mitochondrial miRNAs (mitomiRs) targeting mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolism in developing novel cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amoolya Kandettu
- Department of Public Health Genomics, Centre for DNA Repair and Genome Stability (CDRGS) Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Raviprasad Kuthethur
- Department of Public Health Genomics, Centre for DNA Repair and Genome Stability (CDRGS) Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Sanjiban Chakrabarty
- Department of Public Health Genomics, Centre for DNA Repair and Genome Stability (CDRGS) Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
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Liu D, Liu X. Polyphenols as microRNA modulator in endometrial cancer: implications for apoptosis induction. Mol Genet Genomics 2025; 300:34. [PMID: 40117011 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-025-02238-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2025] [Indexed: 03/23/2025]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) accounts for approximately 417,336 cases globally, making it the sixth most commonly diagnosed cancer among women. Such factors have led to hesitancy in utilizing aggressive treatments or enrolling older patients in clinical trials. Recent molecular studies have identified unique expression patterns of microRNAs (miRNAs) in endometrial cancer tissue compared to healthy endometrial tissue, highlighting their role in tumorigenesis through pathways that support proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Polyphenols, bioactive compounds found in a variety of plant-based foods such as fruits, vegetables, tea, and soybeans, have demonstrated diverse physiological benefits, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. These compounds influence cellular pathways critical to cancer progression, including apoptosis, immune modulation, and inflammation reduction. Emerging evidence suggests that polyphenols may exert anticancer effects in part by modulating miRNAs involved in carcinogenesis. Specifically, compounds like curcumin, quercetin, resveratrol, and genistein have shown potential in targeting oncogenic and tumor-suppressive miRNAs, thereby impacting cellular mechanisms linked to cancer progression. Therefore, this review examines the role of polyphenols in regulating miRNAs within the context of endometrial cancer, focusing on their potential to modulate apoptosis and other cancer hallmarks. By elucidating these mechanisms, this paper aims to contribute to the understanding of polyphenol-mediated miRNA regulation as a promising therapeutic avenue in endometrial cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343000, Jiangxi, China.
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Wang Y, Xu N, Ndzie Noah ML, Chen L, Zhan X. Pyruvate Kinase M1/2 Proteoformics for Accurate Insights into Energy Metabolism Abnormity to Promote the Overall Management of Ovarian Cancer Towards Predictive, Preventive, and Personalized Medicine Approaches. Metabolites 2025; 15:203. [PMID: 40137167 PMCID: PMC11944880 DOI: 10.3390/metabo15030203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2025] [Revised: 03/01/2025] [Accepted: 03/12/2025] [Indexed: 03/27/2025] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is a global health problem that frequently presents at advanced stages, is predisposed to recurrence, readily develops resistance to platinum-based drugs, and has a low survival rate. Predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM/3PM) offers an integrated solution with the use of genetic, proteomic, and metabolic biomarkers to identify high-risk individuals for early detection. Metabolic reprogramming is one of the key strategies employed by tumor cells to adapt to the microenvironment and support unlimited proliferation. Pyruvate kinases M1 and M2 (PKM1/2) are encoded by the PKM gene, a pivotal enzyme in the last step of the glycolytic pathway, which is at the crossroads of aerobic oxidation and the Warburg effect to serve as a potential regulator of glucose metabolism and influence cellular energy production and metabolic reprogramming. Commonly, the ratio of PKM1-to-PKM2 is changed in tumors compared to normal controls, and PKM2 is highly expressed in OC to induce a high glycolysis rate and participate in the malignant invasion and metastatic characteristics of cancer cells with epithelial/mesenchymal transition (EMT). PKM2 inhibitors suppress the migration and growth of OC cells by interfering with the Warburg effect. Proteoforms are the final structural and functional forms of a gene/protein, and the canonical protein PKM contains all proteoforms encoded by the same PKM gene. The complexity of PKM can be elucidated by proteoformics. The OC-specific PKM proteoform might represent a specific target for therapeutic interventions against OC. In the framework of PPPM/3PM, the OC-specific PKM proteoform might be the early warning and prognosis biomarker. It is important to clarify the molecular mechanisms of PKM proteoforms in cancer metabolism. This review analyzes the expression, function, and molecular mechanisms of PKM proteoforms in OC, which help identify specific biomarkers for OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Shandong Cancer Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan 250117, China; (Y.W.); (N.X.); (M.L.N.N.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology, Shandong Cancer Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan 250117, China
- Department of Gynecology, Gaotang County Medical Center, Liaocheng 252800, China
| | - Nuo Xu
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Shandong Cancer Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan 250117, China; (Y.W.); (N.X.); (M.L.N.N.)
| | - Marie Louise Ndzie Noah
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Shandong Cancer Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan 250117, China; (Y.W.); (N.X.); (M.L.N.N.)
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Shandong Cancer Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan 250117, China; (Y.W.); (N.X.); (M.L.N.N.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Ovarian Cancer Multiomics & Jinan Key Laboratory of Cancer Multiomics, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, 6699 Qingdao Road, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Xianquan Zhan
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Shandong Cancer Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan 250117, China; (Y.W.); (N.X.); (M.L.N.N.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology, Shandong Cancer Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan 250117, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Ovarian Cancer Multiomics & Jinan Key Laboratory of Cancer Multiomics, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, 6699 Qingdao Road, Jinan 250117, China
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5
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Liu H, Wang S, Wang J, Guo X, Song Y, Fu K, Gao Z, Liu D, He W, Yang LL. Energy metabolism in health and diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2025; 10:69. [PMID: 39966374 PMCID: PMC11836267 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-025-02141-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2024] [Revised: 11/08/2024] [Accepted: 12/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2025] Open
Abstract
Energy metabolism is indispensable for sustaining physiological functions in living organisms and assumes a pivotal role across physiological and pathological conditions. This review provides an extensive overview of advancements in energy metabolism research, elucidating critical pathways such as glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism, along with their intricate regulatory mechanisms. The homeostatic balance of these processes is crucial; however, in pathological states such as neurodegenerative diseases, autoimmune disorders, and cancer, extensive metabolic reprogramming occurs, resulting in impaired glucose metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction, which accelerate disease progression. Recent investigations into key regulatory pathways, including mechanistic target of rapamycin, sirtuins, and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, have considerably deepened our understanding of metabolic dysregulation and opened new avenues for therapeutic innovation. Emerging technologies, such as fluorescent probes, nano-biomaterials, and metabolomic analyses, promise substantial improvements in diagnostic precision. This review critically examines recent advancements and ongoing challenges in metabolism research, emphasizing its potential for precision diagnostics and personalized therapeutic interventions. Future studies should prioritize unraveling the regulatory mechanisms of energy metabolism and the dynamics of intercellular energy interactions. Integrating cutting-edge gene-editing technologies and multi-omics approaches, the development of multi-target pharmaceuticals in synergy with existing therapies such as immunotherapy and dietary interventions could enhance therapeutic efficacy. Personalized metabolic analysis is indispensable for crafting tailored treatment protocols, ultimately providing more accurate medical solutions for patients. This review aims to deepen the understanding and improve the application of energy metabolism to drive innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yujing Song
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kun Fu
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenjie Gao
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Danfeng Liu
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Wei He
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Lei-Lei Yang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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Kooshan Z, Cárdenas-Piedra L, Clements J, Batra J. Glycolysis, the sweet appetite of the tumor microenvironment. Cancer Lett 2024; 600:217156. [PMID: 39127341 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Cancer cells display an altered metabolic phenotype, characterised by increased glycolysis and lactate production, even in the presence of sufficient oxygen - a phenomenon known as the Warburg effect. This metabolic reprogramming is a crucial adaptation that enables cancer cells to meet their elevated energy and biosynthetic demands. Importantly, the tumor microenvironment plays a pivotal role in shaping and sustaining this metabolic shift in cancer cells. This review explores the intricate relationship between the tumor microenvironment and the Warburg effect, highlighting how communication within this niche regulates cancer cell metabolism and impacts tumor progression and therapeutic resistance. We discuss the potential of targeting the Warburg effect as a promising therapeutic strategy, with the aim of disrupting the metabolic advantage of cancer cells and enhancing our understanding of this complex interplay within the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Kooshan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Center for Genomics and Personalised Health, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Lilibeth Cárdenas-Piedra
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Center for Genomics and Personalised Health, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; ARC Training Centre for Cell & Tissue Engineering Technologies, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Judith Clements
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Center for Genomics and Personalised Health, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jyotsna Batra
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Center for Genomics and Personalised Health, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; ARC Training Centre for Cell & Tissue Engineering Technologies, Brisbane, Australia.
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Wu J, Ding Z, Tu J, Osama A, Nie Q, Cai W, Zhang B. Unveiling the anticancer potential of plumbagin: targeting pyruvate kinase M2 to induce oxidative stress and apoptosis in hepatoma cells. RSC Med Chem 2024:d4md00519h. [PMID: 39363929 PMCID: PMC11446330 DOI: 10.1039/d4md00519h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), a crucial enzyme in the glycolysis pathway, is commonly documented as being overexpressed in cancer cells. Inhibiting PKM2, a strategy to mitigate cancer cell-dependent glycolysis, has demonstrated efficacy in anticancer treatment. In this study, plumbagin, which was originally extracted from the plant Plumbago zeylanica L., was discovered as a novel PKM2 inhibitor and it could bind to PKM2 to inhibit the enzymatic activity. Treatment with plumbagin in HepG2 cells resulted in the decrease of PKM2 expression, which in turn reduced the protein kinase function. The mRNA levels of its downstream genes, such as LDHA and MYC, were suppressed. Additionally, plumbagin downregulated the expression of intracellular antioxidant proteins, which induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage, ultimately triggering apoptosis. Moreover, plumbagin also reduced the migration and proliferation of HepG2 cells. This study offered valuable insights into the molecular mechanism of plumbagin and advocated for the exploration of PKM2 inhibitors as viable possibilities for anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Zhenjiang Ding
- Beijing Key Laboratory of the Innovative Development of Functional Staple and Nutritional Intervention for Chronic Diseases, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries Beijing 100015 China
| | - Jingwen Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Alsiddig Osama
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Qiuying Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Wenqing Cai
- Regor Therapeutics Inc 1206 Zhangjiang Road, Building C, Pu Dong New District Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Baoxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
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Wang M, Qu L, Du X, Song P, Ng JPL, Wong VKW, Law BYK, Fu X. Natural Products and Derivatives Targeting Metabolic Reprogramming in Colorectal Cancer: A Comprehensive Review. Metabolites 2024; 14:490. [PMID: 39330497 PMCID: PMC11433951 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14090490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a critical pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC), referring to metabolic disorders that cancer cells make in response to the stimulating pressure. Metabolic reprogramming induces changes in genetic material and promotes CRC progression and has been proven to be an efficient target of CRC. As natural products have garnered interest due to notable pharmacological effects and potential in counteracting chemoresistance, an increasing body of research is delving into the impact of these natural products on the metabolic reprogramming associated with CRC. In this review, we collected published data from the Web of Science and PubMed, covering the period from January 1980 to October 2023. This article focuses on five central facets of metabolic alterations in cancer cells, glucose metabolism, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), amino acid metabolism, fatty acid synthesis, and nucleotide metabolism, to provide an overview of recent advancements in natural product interventions targeting metabolic reprogramming in CRC. Our analysis underscores the potential of natural products in disrupting the metabolic pathways of CRC, suggesting promising therapeutic targets for CRC and expanding treatment options for metabolic-associated ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Wang
- Nehr’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China; (M.W.)
- Research Institute for Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine in Shandong Universities, Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center on Omics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Liqun Qu
- Research Institute for Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine in Shandong Universities, Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center on Omics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Research in Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao Key Technology Innovation Center of Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine’s Deep Development and Industrialization, Qingdao 266114, China
| | - Xinying Du
- Research Institute for Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine in Shandong Universities, Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center on Omics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Research in Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao Key Technology Innovation Center of Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine’s Deep Development and Industrialization, Qingdao 266114, China
| | - Peng Song
- Nehr’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China; (M.W.)
- Research Institute for Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine in Shandong Universities, Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center on Omics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Jerome P. L. Ng
- Nehr’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China; (M.W.)
| | - Vincent Kam Wai Wong
- Nehr’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China; (M.W.)
| | - Betty Yuen Kwan Law
- Nehr’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China; (M.W.)
| | - Xianjun Fu
- Research Institute for Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine in Shandong Universities, Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center on Omics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Research in Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao Key Technology Innovation Center of Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine’s Deep Development and Industrialization, Qingdao 266114, China
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Wu J, Ding Z, Zhong M, Xi J, He Y, Zhang B, Fang J. Polyphyllin II Induces Apoptosis in Fibrosarcoma Cells via Activating Pyruvate Kinase M2. Chem Res Toxicol 2024; 37:1394-1403. [PMID: 39066737 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.4c00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Aerobic glycolysis is a metabolic reprogramming of tumor cells that is essential for sustaining their phenotype of fast multiplication by continuously supplying energy and mass. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) has a vital role in this process, which has given it high interest as a target for anticancer drug development. With potent toxicity to many types of cancer cells, polyphyllin II (PP2), a steroidal saponin isolated from the herbaceous plant Rhizoma paridis, brought to our attention that it might interfere with the PKM2 activity. In this study, we discovered that PP2 was a novel agonist of PKM2. PP2 activated recombinant PKM2 and changed the protein's oligomeric state to activate intracellular PKM2. At the same time, PP2 suppressed its protein kinase function by decreasing the content of nuclear PKM2. The mRNA levels of its downstream genes, such as Glut1, LDHA, and MYC, were inhibited. In addition, PP2 induced oxidative stress by downregulating the expression and activity of antioxidant proteins such as NQO1, TrxR, and Trx in HT-1080 cells, which in turn led to mitochondrial dysfunction and ultimately induced apoptosis. Moreover, PP2 reduced the proliferation and migration of HT-1080 cells. Thus, targeting the glycolysis pathway offers an unprecedented mode of action for comprehending PP2's pharmacological impacts and advances PP2's further development in fibrosarcoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhenjiang Ding
- Beijing Key Laboratory of the Innovative Development of Functional Staple and Nutritional Intervention for Chronic Diseases, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Miao Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Junmin Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ying He
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Baoxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jianguo Fang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094 , Jiangsu, China
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10
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Ni X, Lu CP, Xu GQ, Ma JJ. Transcriptional regulation and post-translational modifications in the glycolytic pathway for targeted cancer therapy. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:1533-1555. [PMID: 38622288 PMCID: PMC11272797 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01264-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Cancer cells largely rely on aerobic glycolysis or the Warburg effect to generate essential biomolecules and energy for their rapid growth. The key modulators in glycolysis including glucose transporters and enzymes, e.g. hexokinase 2, enolase 1, pyruvate kinase M2, lactate dehydrogenase A, play indispensable roles in glucose uptake, glucose consumption, ATP generation, lactate production, etc. Transcriptional regulation and post-translational modifications (PTMs) of these critical modulators are important for signal transduction and metabolic reprogramming in the glycolytic pathway, which can provide energy advantages to cancer cell growth. In this review we recapitulate the recent advances in research on glycolytic modulators of cancer cells and analyze the strategies targeting these vital modulators including small-molecule inhibitors and microRNAs (miRNAs) for targeted cancer therapy. We focus on the regulation of the glycolytic pathway at the transcription level (e.g., hypoxia-inducible factor 1, c-MYC, p53, sine oculis homeobox homolog 1, N6-methyladenosine modification) and PTMs (including phosphorylation, methylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, etc.) of the key regulators in these processes. This review will provide a comprehensive understanding of the regulation of the key modulators in the glycolytic pathway and might shed light on the targeted cancer therapy at different molecular levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Ni
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Cheng-Piao Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Development, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Prevention and Treatment of Hyperlipidemic Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Development, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Prevention and Treatment of Hyperlipidemic Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
- Suzhou International Joint Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Brain Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
- MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Jing-Jing Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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11
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Ma L, Li H, Xu H, Liu D. The potential roles of PKM2 in cerebrovascular diseases. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 139:112675. [PMID: 39024754 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), a key enzyme involved in glycolysis,plays an important role in regulating cell metabolism and growth under different physiological conditions. PKM2 has been intensively investigated in multiple cancer diseases. Recent years, many studies have found its pivotal role in cerebrovascular diseases (CeVDs), the disturbances in intracranial blood circulation. CeVDs has been confirmed to be closely associated with oxidative stress (OS), mitochondrial dynamics, systemic inflammation, and local neuroinflammation in the brain. It has further been revealed that PKM2 exerts various biological functions in the regulation of energy supply, OS, inflammatory responses, and mitochondrial dysfunction. The roles of PKM2 are closely related to its different isoforms, expression levels in subcellular localization, and post-translational modifications. Therefore, summarizing the roles of PKM2 in CeVDs will help further understanding the molecular mechanisms of CeVDs. In this review, we illustrate the characteristics of PKM2, the regulated PKM2 expression, and the biological roles of PKM2 in CeVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, China
| | - Huatao Li
- Department of Stroke Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
| | - Hu Xu
- Department of Stroke Center, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261000, China
| | - Dianwei Liu
- Department of Stroke Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, China; Department of Neurosurgery, XuanWu Hospital Capital Medical University Jinan Branch, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.
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12
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Gong M, Guo Y, Dong H, Wu F, He Q, Gong J, Lu F. Modified Hu-lu-ba-wan protects diabetic glomerular podocytes via promoting PKM2-mediated mitochondrial dynamic homeostasis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155247. [PMID: 38128393 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in the progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Damaged mitochondria produce excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can cause apoptosis. Mitochondrial dynamics control the quality and function of mitochondria. Targeting mitochondrial dynamics may reduce ROS-induced apoptosis and improve renal injury in DKD. Modified Hu-lu-ba-wan (MHLBW) shows distinct clinical effects on DKD patients, which are related to its role in antioxidant stress modulation. However, the relevant mechanisms of MHLBW have not been clearly explored. PURPOSE This study was aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of MHLBW on spontaneous DKD mice and clarify the potential mechanisms. METHODS The main components of MHLBW were identified by HPLC. Using db/db mice as DKD models, we evaluated the therapeutic effects of MHLBW on mice after an 8-week administration. We investigated the molecular mechanism of MHLBW in regulating mitochondrial dynamic homeostasis, podocyte apoptosis, and glomerular damage. After that, computational docking analysis and in vitro experiments were conducted for further mechanism verification. RESULTS Intragastric administration of MHLBW for 8 weeks in db/db mice significantly improved glucose metabolism, basement membrane thickening, mesangial expansion, glomerular fibrosis, and podocyte injury. MHLBW can reverse podocyte apoptosis via promoting mitochondrial dynamic homeostasis, which was related to regulating the PKM2/ PGC-1α/Opa1 pathway. Berberine (BBR), one of the components of MHLBW, exhibited preeminent affinity with PKM2 as reflected by computational docking analysis. In cultured podocytes, BBR can also prevent apoptosis by promoting PKM2-mediated mitochondrial dynamic homeostasis. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that MHLBW can treat DKD by inhibiting glomerular damage and podocyte apoptosis through positive regulation of PKM2-mediated mitochondrial dynamic homeostasis. These results may provide a potential strategy against DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Gong
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yujin Guo
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Dong
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiongyao He
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Gong
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fuer Lu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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13
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Rezakhani L, Salmani S, Eliyasi Dashtaki M, Ghasemi S. Resveratrol: Targeting Cancer Stem Cells and ncRNAs to Overcome Cancer Drug Resistance. Curr Mol Med 2024; 24:951-961. [PMID: 37592772 DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666230817102114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
A major challenge in treating cancer is the development of drug resistance, which can result in treatment failure and tumor recurrence. Targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs) and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) with a polyphenolic substance called resveratrol has the ability to combat this problem by lowering cancer resistance to drugs and opening up new therapeutic options. Resveratrol alters the expression of genes related to self-renewal, modulating important signaling pathways involved in cancer initiation and CSC control. Additionally, resveratrol affects non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs which are essential for stemness, drug resistance, and other cancer-related activities. Numerous studies have shown that resveratrol has the potential to be an effective anticancer drug when used in combination therapy, but issues with absorption and pharmacokinetics still need to be resolved before it can be used in clinical applications. Reducing chemotherapy resistance by better understanding the intricate mechanisms by which resveratrol affects cancer cells and CSCs, as well as its impact on ncRNA expression, could eventually contribute to more effective cancer treatments. To completely understand these pathways and optimize the utilization of resveratrol in combination treatments, additional study is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Rezakhani
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Sima Salmani
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Eliyasi Dashtaki
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Sorayya Ghasemi
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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14
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Zhang S, Liao Z, Li S, Luo Y. Non-metabolic enzyme function of PKM2 in hepatocellular carcinoma: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35571. [PMID: 37861491 PMCID: PMC10589597 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most malignant tumors with the highest incidence and mortality in the world, causing a serious burden on society. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) is one of the principal metabolic enzymes involved in glycolysis. Studies have shown that PKM2 is highly expressed in HCC and can be translocated to the nucleus, where it interacts with various transcription factors and proteins such as hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1a, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 and histone H3, exerting non-metabolic enzyme functions to regulate the cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis, immune escape, migration, and invasion, as well as HCC angiogenesis and tumor microenvironment. This review is focused on the recent progress of PKM2 interacting with various transcription factors and proteins affecting the onset and development of HCC, as well as natural drugs and noncoding RNA impacting diverse biological functions of liver cancer cells by regulating PKM2 non-metabolic enzyme functions, thereby providing valuable directions for the prognosis improvement and molecular targeted therapy of HCC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangxia Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China
- Basic Medical College, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhangxiu Liao
- School of Pharmacy, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Right River Basin Characteristic Ethnic Medicine Research in Guangxi, Baise, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China
| | - Shubo Li
- Basic Medical College, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China
| | - Ying Luo
- Basic Medical College, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China
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15
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Şahin TÖ, Yılmaz B, Yeşilyurt N, Cicia D, Szymanowska A, Amero P, Ağagündüz D, Capasso R. Recent insights into the nutritional immunomodulation of cancer-related microRNAs. Phytother Res 2023; 37:4375-4397. [PMID: 37434291 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is the most common cause of death worldwide, following cardiovascular diseases. Cancer is a multifactorial disease and many reasons such as physical, chemical, biological, and lifestyle-related factors. Nutrition, which is one of the various factors that play a role in the prevention, development, and treatment of many types of cancer, affects the immune system, which is characterized by disproportionate pro-inflammatory signaling in cancer. Studies investigating the molecular mechanisms of this effect have shown that foods rich in bioactive compounds, such as green tea, olive oil, turmeric, and soybean play a significant role in positively changing the expression of miRNAs involved in the regulation of genes associated with oncogenic/tumor-suppressing pathways. In addition to these foods, some diet models may change the expression of specific cancer-related miRNAs in different ways. While Mediterranean diet has been associated with anticancer effects, a high-fat diet, and a methyl-restricted diet are considered to have negative effects. This review aims to discuss the effects of specific foods called "immune foods," diet models, and bioactive components on cancer by changing the expression of miRNAs in the prevention and treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Birsen Yılmaz
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | | | - Donatella Cicia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Anna Szymanowska
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Paola Amero
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Duygu Ağagündüz
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Raffaele Capasso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
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16
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Liu Z, Wang N, Meng Z, Lu S, Peng G. Pseudolaric acid B triggers cell apoptosis by activating AMPK/JNK/DRP1/mitochondrial fission pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. Toxicology 2023:153556. [PMID: 37244295 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Pseudolaric acid B (PAB), a natural product isolated from the root bark of Pseudolarix kaempferi, has been reported to exert inhibitory effects in various cancers. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. In the present study, we investigated the mechanism through which PAB exert its anticancer effects in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). PAB inhibited the viability of and induced apoptosis in Hepa1-6 cells in a dose-dependent manner. It disrupted mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and impaired ATP production. Furthermore, PAB induced phosphorylation of DRP1 at Ser616 and mitochondrial fission. Blocking DRP1 phosphorylation by Mdivi-1 inhibited mitochondrial fission and PAB-induced apoptosis. Moreover, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) was activated by PAB, and blocking JNK activity using SP600125 inhibited PAB-induced mitochondrial fission and cell apoptosis. Furthermore, PAB activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and inhibiting AMPK by compound C attenuated PAB-stimulated JNK activation and blocked DRP1-dependent mitochondrial fission and apoptosis. Our in vivo data confirmed that PAB inhibited tumor growth and induced apoptosis in an HCC syngeneic mouse model by inducing the AMPK/JNK/DRP1/mitochondrial fission signaling pathway. Furthermore, a combination of PAB and sorafenib showed a synergistic effect in inhibiting tumor growth in vivo. Taken together, our findings highlight a potential therapeutic strategy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanxu Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; Laboratory for Tumor Immunology, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China 130061
| | - Nanya Wang
- The Cancer Center, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China 130061
| | - Zhaoli Meng
- Laboratory for Tumor Immunology, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China 130061
| | - Shiying Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Gong Peng
- Laboratory for Tumor Immunology, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China 130061.
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17
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Zhai W, Hu Y, Zhang Y, Zhang G, Chen H, Tan X, Zheng Y, Gao W, Wei Y, Wu J. A systematic review of phytochemicals from Chinese herbal medicines for non-coding RNAs-mediated cancer prevention and treatment: From molecular mechanisms to potential clinical applications. MEDICINE IN NOVEL TECHNOLOGY AND DEVICES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medntd.2022.100192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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18
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Cui Y, Li C, Sang F, Cao W, Qin Z, Zhang P. Natural products targeting glycolytic signaling pathways-an updated review on anti-cancer therapy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1035882. [PMID: 36339566 PMCID: PMC9631946 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1035882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycolysis is a complex metabolic process that occurs to convert glucose into pyruvate to produce energy for living cells. Normal cells oxidized pyruvate into adenosine triphosphate and carbon dioxide in the presence of oxygen in mitochondria while cancer cells preferentially metabolize pyruvate to lactate even in the presence of oxygen in order to maintain a slightly acidic micro-environment of PH 6.5 and 6.9, which is beneficial for cancer cell growth and metastasis. Therefore targeting glycolytic signaling pathways provided new strategy for anti-cancer therapy. Natural products are important sources for the treatment of diseases with a variety of pharmacologic activities. Accumulated studies suggested that natural products exhibited remarkable anti-cancer properties both in vitro and in vivo. Plenty of studies suggested natural products like flavonoids, terpenoids and quinones played anti-cancer properties via inhibiting glucose metabolism targets in glycolytic pathways. This study provided an updated overview of natural products controlling glycolytic pathways, which also provide insight into druggable mediators discovery targeting cancer glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Cui
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Chuang Li
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Feng Sang
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Weiling Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Luohu People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Weiling Cao, ; Zhuo Qin, ; Peng Zhang,
| | - Zhuo Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Luohu People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Weiling Cao, ; Zhuo Qin, ; Peng Zhang,
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Luohu People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Weiling Cao, ; Zhuo Qin, ; Peng Zhang,
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19
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Targeting Glucose Metabolism Enzymes in Cancer Treatment: Current and Emerging Strategies. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194568. [PMID: 36230492 PMCID: PMC9559313 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Reprogramming of glucose metabolism is a hallmark of cancer and can be targeted by therapeutic agents. Some metabolism regulators, such as ivosidenib and enasidenib, have been approved for cancer treatment. Currently, more advanced and effective glucose metabolism enzyme-targeted anticancer drugs have been developed. Furthermore, some natural products have shown efficacy in killing tumor cells by regulating glucose metabolism, offering novel therapeutic opportunities in cancer. However, most of them have failed to be translated into clinical applications due to low selectivity, high toxicity, and side effects. Recent studies suggest that combining glucose metabolism modulators with chemotherapeutic drugs, immunotherapeutic drugs, and other conventional anticancer drugs may be a future direction for cancer treatment. Abstract Reprogramming of glucose metabolism provides sufficient energy and raw materials for the proliferation, metastasis, and immune escape of cancer cells, which is enabled by glucose metabolism-related enzymes that are abundantly expressed in a broad range of cancers. Therefore, targeting glucose metabolism enzymes has emerged as a promising strategy for anticancer drug development. Although several glucose metabolism modulators have been approved for cancer treatment in recent years, some limitations exist, such as a short half-life, poor solubility, and numerous adverse effects. With the rapid development of medicinal chemicals, more advanced and effective glucose metabolism enzyme-targeted anticancer drugs have been developed. Additionally, several studies have found that some natural products can suppress cancer progression by regulating glucose metabolism enzymes. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms underlying the reprogramming of glucose metabolism and present enzymes that could serve as therapeutic targets. In addition, we systematically review the existing drugs targeting glucose metabolism enzymes, including small-molecule modulators and natural products. Finally, the opportunities and challenges for glucose metabolism enzyme-targeted anticancer drugs are also discussed. In conclusion, combining glucose metabolism modulators with conventional anticancer drugs may be a promising cancer treatment strategy.
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20
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El-Far AH, Al Jaouni SK, Li X, Fu J. Cancer metabolism control by natural products: Pyruvate kinase M2 targeting therapeutics. Phytother Res 2022; 36:3181-3201. [PMID: 35794729 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glycolysis is the primary source of energy for cancer growth and metastasis. The shift in metabolism from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis is called the Warburg effect. Cancer progression due to aerobic glycolysis is often associated with the activation of oncogenes or the loss of tumor suppressors. Therefore, inhibition of glycolysis is one of the effective strategies in cancer control. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) is a key glycolytic enzyme overexpressed in breast, prostate, lung, colorectal, and liver cancers. Here, we discuss published studies regarding PKM2 inhibitors from natural products that are promising drug candidates for cancer therapy. We have highlighted the potential of natural PKM2 inhibitors for various cancer types. Moreover, we encourage researchers to evaluate the combinational effects between natural and synthetic PKM2 inhibitors. Also, further high-quality studies are needed to firmly establish the clinical efficacy of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali H El-Far
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Soad K Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Pediatric Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiaotao Li
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, the Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,School of Arts and Sciences, New York University-Shanghai, Shanghai, China.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Junjiang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, the Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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21
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Kubik J, Humeniuk E, Adamczuk G, Madej-Czerwonka B, Korga-Plewko A. Targeting Energy Metabolism in Cancer Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105572. [PMID: 35628385 PMCID: PMC9146201 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second most common cause of death worldwide after cardiovascular diseases. The development of molecular and biochemical techniques has expanded the knowledge of changes occurring in specific metabolic pathways of cancer cells. Increased aerobic glycolysis, the promotion of anaplerotic responses, and especially the dependence of cells on glutamine and fatty acid metabolism have become subjects of study. Despite many cancer treatment strategies, many patients with neoplastic diseases cannot be completely cured due to the development of resistance in cancer cells to currently used therapeutic approaches. It is now becoming a priority to develop new treatment strategies that are highly effective and have few side effects. In this review, we present the current knowledge of the enzymes involved in the different steps of glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the pentose phosphate pathway, and possible targeted therapies. The review also focuses on presenting the differences between cancer cells and normal cells in terms of metabolic phenotype. Knowledge of cancer cell metabolism is constantly evolving, and further research is needed to develop new strategies for anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kubik
- Independent Medical Biology Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (J.K.); (G.A.); (A.K.-P.)
| | - Ewelina Humeniuk
- Independent Medical Biology Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (J.K.); (G.A.); (A.K.-P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-81-448-65-20
| | - Grzegorz Adamczuk
- Independent Medical Biology Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (J.K.); (G.A.); (A.K.-P.)
| | - Barbara Madej-Czerwonka
- Human Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Korga-Plewko
- Independent Medical Biology Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (J.K.); (G.A.); (A.K.-P.)
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22
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The Role of PKM2 in the Regulation of Mitochondrial Function: Focus on Mitochondrial Metabolism, Oxidative Stress, Dynamic, and Apoptosis. PKM2 in Mitochondrial Function. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7702681. [PMID: 35571239 PMCID: PMC9106463 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7702681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase (PKM2) is one isoform of pyruvate kinase (PK). PKM2 is expressed at high levels during embryonic development and tumor progression and is subject to complex allosteric regulation. PKM2 is a special glycolytic enzyme that regulates the final step of glycolysis; the role of PKM2 in the metabolism, survival, and apoptosis of cancer cells has received increasing attention. Mitochondria are directly or indirectly involved in the regulation of energy metabolism, susceptibility to oxidative stress, and cell death; however, the role of PKM2 in mitochondrial functions remains unclear. Herein, we review the related mechanisms of the role of PKM2 in the regulation of mitochondrial functions from the aspects of metabolism, reactive oxygen species (ROS), dynamic, and apoptosis, which can be highlighted as a target for the clinical management of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.
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23
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Liao W, Du J, Wang Z, Feng Q, Liao M, Liu H, Yuan K, Zeng Y. The role and mechanism of noncoding RNAs in regulation of metabolic reprogramming in hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Cancer 2022; 151:337-347. [PMID: 35460073 PMCID: PMC9325518 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer. Metabolic reprogramming is considered to be an important hallmark of cancer. Emerging studies have demonstrated that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are closely associated with metabolic reprogramming of HCC. NcRNAs can directly regulate the expressions or functions of metabolic enzymes or indirectly regulate the metabolism of HCC cells through some vital signaling pathways. Until now, the mechanisms of HCC development and progression remain largely unclear, and understanding the regulatory mechanism of ncRNAs on metabolic reprogramming of HCC may provide an important basis for breakthrough progress in the treatment of HCC. In this review, we summarize the ncRNAs involved in regulating metabolic reprogramming of HCC. Specifically, the regulatory roles of ncRNAs in glucose, lipid and amino acid metabolism are elaborated. In addition, we discuss the molecular mechanism of ncRNAs in regulation of metabolic reprogramming and possible therapeutic strategies that target the metabolism of cancer cells by modulating the expressions of specific ncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwei Liao
- Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinpeng Du
- Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingbo Feng
- Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingheng Liao
- Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Huixian Liu
- Department of Postanesthesia Care Unit & Surgical Anesthesia Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kefei Yuan
- Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Zeng
- Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
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Bian Y, Wang X, Zheng Z, Ren G, Zhu H, Qiao M, Li G. Resveratrol drives cancer cell senescence via enhancing p38MAPK and DLC1 expressions. Food Funct 2022; 13:3283-3293. [PMID: 35234761 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02365a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pro-senescence therapy is a recently proposed anti-cancer strategy and has been shown to effectively inhibit cancer. Resveratrol is gaining attention for its cancer preventive and suppressive properties. The mechanisms of resveratrol in cancer suppression by inducing cancer cell senescence are unclear. Our results showed that resveratrol induced cell senescence along with an increase of SA-β-Gal activity and inhibition of colony formation in breast and lung cancer cells. The underlying mechanisms were that resveratrol induced ER-stress by increasing SIRT1 to promote p38MAPK expression and by reducing NO level to up-regulate DLC1 expression, and ER-stress further resulted in DNA damage and mitochondrial dysfunction, eventually leading to cancer cell senescence. Our findings on resveratrol's induction of cancer cell senescence via activating ER-stress through the SIRT1/p38MAPK and NO/DLC1 pathways provide a solid base for its clinical application and its preventive application as a food additive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Bian
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China.
| | - Xingjie Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China.
| | - Zhaodi Zheng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China.
| | - Guanghui Ren
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China.
| | - Hongyan Zhu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China.
| | - Mengxue Qiao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China.
| | - Guorong Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China.
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Ohishi T, Hayakawa S, Miyoshi N. Involvement of microRNA modifications in anticancer effects of major polyphenols from green tea, coffee, wine, and curry. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:7148-7179. [PMID: 35289676 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2038540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown that consumption of green tea, coffee, wine, and curry may contribute to a reduced risk of various cancers. However, there are some cancer site-specific differences in their effects; for example, the consumption of tea or wine may reduce bladder cancer risk, whereas coffee consumption may increase the risk. Animal and cell-based experiments have been used to elucidate the anticancer mechanisms of these compounds, with reactive oxygen species (ROS)-based mechanisms emerging as likely candidates. Chlorogenic acid (CGA), curcumin (CUR), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and resveratrol (RSV) can act as antioxidants that activate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) to downregulate ROS, and as prooxidants to generate ROS, leading to the downregulation of NF-κB. Polyphenols can modulate miRNA (miR) expression, with these dietary polyphenols shown to downregulate tumor-promoting miR-21. CUR, EGCG, and RSV can upregulate tumor-suppressing miR-16, 34a, 145, and 200c, but downregulate tumor-promoting miR-25a. CGA, EGCG, and RSV downregulate tumor-suppressing miR-20a, 93, and 106b. The effects of miRs may combine with ROS-mediated pathways, enhancing the anticancer effects of these polyphenols. More precise analysis is needed to determine how the different modulations of miRs by polyphenols relate to the cancer site-specific differences found in epidemiological studies related to the consumption of foods containing these polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomokazu Ohishi
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Numazu, Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Sumio Hayakawa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Miyoshi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
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Das D, Karthik N, Taneja R. Epigenetic Small-Molecule Modulators Targeting Metabolic Pathways in Cancer. Subcell Biochem 2022; 100:523-555. [PMID: 36301505 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-07634-3_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic deregulation is a key factor in cancer progression. Epigenetic changes and metabolic rewiring are intertwined in cancer. Deregulated epigenetic modifiers cause metabolic aberrations by targeting the expression of metabolic enzymes. Conversely, metabolites and cofactors affect the expression and activity of epigenetic regulators. Small molecules are promising therapeutic approaches to target the epigenetic-metabolomic crosstalk in cancer. Here, we focus on the interplay between metabolic rewiring and epigenetic landscape in the context of tumourigenesis and highlight recent advances in the use of small-molecule drug targets for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipanwita Das
- Department of Physiology and Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nandini Karthik
- Department of Physiology and Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Reshma Taneja
- Department of Physiology and Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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Ding Z, Xi J, Zhong M, Chen F, Zhao H, Zhang B, Fang J. Cynaropicrin Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis by Inhibiting PKM2 to Cause DNA Damage and Mitochondrial Fission in A549 Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:13557-13567. [PMID: 34726896 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c05394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is critical for tumorigenesis. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) is overexpressed in lung carcinoma cells and plays a critical role in the Warburg effect, making the enzyme a research hotspot for anticancer drug development. Cynaropicrin (CYN), a natural sesquiterpene lactone compound from artichoke, has received increasing consideration due to its consumable esteem and pharmacological properties. Our data reveal that CYN not only inhibited the purified PKM2 activity but also decreased the cellular PKM2 expression in A549 cells. The inhibition of PKM2 leads to the upregulation of p53 and the downregulation of the DNA repair enzyme poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), and subsequently causes the cell cycle arrest. Additionally, CYN inhibits the interaction of PKM2 and Nrf2, resulting in the impairment of cellular antioxidant capacity, induction of oxidative stress, and mitochondrial damages. Overexpression of PKM2 attenuates the CYN-induced DNA damage, mitochondrial fission, and cell viability. Thus, targeting PKM2 provides an original mechanism for understanding the pharmacological impact of CYN and assists in the further development of CYN as an anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjiang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Junmin Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Miao Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Fan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Huanhuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Baoxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jianguo Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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MicroRNAs and Metabolism: Revisiting the Warburg Effect with Emphasis on Epigenetic Background and Clinical Applications. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11101531. [PMID: 34680164 PMCID: PMC8533942 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the well-known hallmarks of cancer were described by Hanahan and Weinberg, fundamental advances of molecular genomic technologies resulted in the discovery of novel puzzle pieces in the multistep pathogenesis of cancer. MicroRNAs are involved in the altered epigenetic pattern and metabolic phenotype of malignantly transformed cells. They contribute to the initiation, progression and metastasis-formation of cancers, also interacting with oncogenes, tumor-suppressor genes and epigenetic modifiers. Metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells results from the dysregulation of a complex network, in which microRNAs are located at central hubs. MicroRNAs regulate the expression of several metabolic enzymes, including tumor-specific isoforms. Therefore, they have a direct impact on the levels of metabolites, also influencing epigenetic pattern due to the metabolite cofactors of chromatin modifiers. Targets of microRNAs include numerous epigenetic enzymes, such as sirtuins, which are key regulators of cellular metabolic homeostasis. A better understanding of reversible epigenetic and metabolic alterations opened up new horizons in the personalized treatment of cancer. MicroRNA expression levels can be utilized in differential diagnosis, prognosis stratification and prediction of chemoresistance. The therapeutic modulation of microRNA levels is an area of particular interest that provides a promising tool for restoring altered metabolism of cancer cells.
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Chhipa AS, Patel S. Targeting pyruvate kinase muscle isoform 2 (PKM2) in cancer: What do we know so far? Life Sci 2021; 280:119694. [PMID: 34102192 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death globally. Cancer cell transformation is the result of intricate crosstalk between intracellular components and proteins. A characteristic feature of cancer cells is the ability to reprogram their metabolic pathways to ensure their infinite proliferative potential. Pyruvate kinase muscle isoform 2 (PKM2) is a glycolytic enzyme that plays crucial roles in cancer, apart from carrying out its metabolic roles. PKM2 is involved in all the major events associated with cancer growth. Modulation of PKM2 activity (dimer inhibition or tetramer activation) has been successful in controlling cancer. However, recent studies provide contrary evidences regarding the oncogenic functions of PKM2. Moreover, several studies have highlighted the cancerous roles of PKM1 isoform in certain contexts. The present review aims at providing the current updates regarding PKM2 targeting in cancer. Further, the review discusses the contradictory results that suggest that both the isoforms of PKM can lead to cancer growth. In conclusion, the review emphasizes revisiting the approaches to target cancer metabolism through PKM to find novel and effective targets for anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Snehal Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
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Yao S, Gao M, Wang Z, Wang W, Zhan L, Wei B. Upregulation of MicroRNA-34a Sensitizes Ovarian Cancer Cells to Resveratrol by Targeting Bcl-2. Yonsei Med J 2021; 62:691-701. [PMID: 34296546 PMCID: PMC8298871 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2021.62.8.691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Resveratrol (REV), a natural compound found in red wine, exhibits antitumor activity in various cancers, including ovarian cancer (OC). However, its potential anti-tumor mechanisms in OC are not well characterized. Here, we tried to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of REV in OC cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS The anti-proliferative effects of REV against OC cells were measured using CCK-8 assay. Apoptosis was measured using an Annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis detection kit. The anti-metastasis effects of REV were evaluated by invasion assay and wound healing assay. The miRNA profiles in REV-treated cells were determined by microarray assay. RESULTS Our results showed that REV treatment suppresses the proliferation, induces the apoptosis, and inhibits the invasion and migration of OV-90 and SKOV-3 cells. miR-34a was selected for further study due to its tumor suppressive roles in various human cancers. We found miR-34a overexpression enhanced the inhibitory effects of REV on OC cells, whereas miR-34a inhibition had the opposite effect in OC cells. In addition, we verified that BCL2, an anti-apoptotic gene, was found directly targeted by miR-34a. We also found that REV reduced the expression of Bcl-2 in OC cells. Further investigations revealed that overexpression of Bcl-2 significantly abolished the anti-tumor effects of REV on OC cells. CONCLUSION Overall, these results demonstrated that REV exerts anti-cancer effects on OC cells through an miR-34a/Bcl-2 axis, highlighting the therapeutic potential of REV for treatment of OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangli Yao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ming Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zujun Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lu'an Civily Hospital, Lu'an, China
| | - Wenyan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Zhan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Bing Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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31
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Wu D, Dasgupta A, Read AD, Bentley RET, Motamed M, Chen KH, Al-Qazazi R, Mewburn JD, Dunham-Snary KJ, Alizadeh E, Tian L, Archer SL. Oxygen sensing, mitochondrial biology and experimental therapeutics for pulmonary hypertension and cancer. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 170:150-178. [PMID: 33450375 PMCID: PMC8217091 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.12.452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The homeostatic oxygen sensing system (HOSS) optimizes systemic oxygen delivery. Specialized tissues utilize a conserved mitochondrial sensor, often involving NDUFS2 in complex I of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, as a site of pO2-responsive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These ROS are converted to a diffusible signaling molecule, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), by superoxide dismutase (SOD2). H2O2 exits the mitochondria and regulates ion channels and enzymes, altering plasma membrane potential, intracellular Ca2+ and Ca2+-sensitization and controlling acute, adaptive, responses to hypoxia that involve changes in ventilation, vascular tone and neurotransmitter release. Subversion of this O2-sensing pathway creates a pseudohypoxic state that promotes disease progression in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and cancer. Pseudohypoxia is a state in which biochemical changes, normally associated with hypoxia, occur despite normal pO2. Epigenetic silencing of SOD2 by DNA methylation alters H2O2 production, activating hypoxia-inducible factor 1α, thereby disrupting mitochondrial metabolism and dynamics, accelerating cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis. Other epigenetic mechanisms, including dysregulation of microRNAs (miR), increase pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase and pyruvate kinase muscle isoform 2 expression in both diseases, favoring uncoupled aerobic glycolysis. This Warburg metabolic shift also accelerates cell proliferation and impairs apoptosis. Disordered mitochondrial dynamics, usually increased mitotic fission and impaired fusion, promotes disease progression in PAH and cancer. Epigenetic upregulation of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) and its binding partners, MiD49 and MiD51, contributes to the pathogenesis of PAH and cancer. Finally, dysregulation of intramitochondrial Ca2+, resulting from impaired mitochondrial calcium uniporter complex (MCUC) function, links abnormal mitochondrial metabolism and dynamics. MiR-mediated decreases in MCUC function reduce intramitochondrial Ca2+, promoting Warburg metabolism, whilst increasing cytosolic Ca2+, promoting fission. Epigenetically disordered mitochondrial O2-sensing, metabolism, dynamics, and Ca2+ homeostasis offer new therapeutic targets for PAH and cancer. Promoting glucose oxidation, restoring the fission/fusion balance, and restoring mitochondrial calcium regulation are promising experimental therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danchen Wu
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, 94 Stuart St., Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Asish Dasgupta
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, 94 Stuart St., Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Austin D Read
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, 94 Stuart St., Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Rachel E T Bentley
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, 94 Stuart St., Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Mehras Motamed
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, 94 Stuart St., Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Kuang-Hueih Chen
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, 94 Stuart St., Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Ruaa Al-Qazazi
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, 94 Stuart St., Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Jeffrey D Mewburn
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, 94 Stuart St., Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Kimberly J Dunham-Snary
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, 94 Stuart St., Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada; Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Elahe Alizadeh
- Queen's Cardiopulmonary Unit (QCPU), Department of Medicine, Queen's University, 116 Barrie Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 3J9, Canada
| | - Lian Tian
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK
| | - Stephen L Archer
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, 94 Stuart St., Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada.
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Xu QH, Xiao Y, Li XQ, Fan L, Zhou CC, Cheng L, Jiang ZD, Wang GH. Resveratrol Counteracts Hypoxia-Induced Gastric Cancer Invasion and EMT through Hedgehog Pathway Suppression. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 20:1105-1114. [PMID: 32238142 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200402080034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric Cancer (GC) is one of the most malignant and lethal tumors worldwide. The hypoxic microenvironment is correlated with GC cell invasion, metastasis and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT). Resveratrol is a compound extracted from various plants, including grapes, berries, and some traditional Chinese medicines. Recently, the anticancer properties of resveratrol against many cancers have been reported in a range of studies. However, the exact mechanism through which resveratrol prevents GC invasion and metastasis under hypoxic conditions remains unclear. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to show to what extent resveratrol could inhibit the hypoxia-induced malignant biological behavior of GC. METHODS SGC-7901 cells were cultured in a consistent 3% O2 hypoxic condition or 21% O2 normal condition for 48 hours to establish an in vitro hypoxia model. Western blot and qRT-PCR were used to detect EMT markers of SGC- 7901 cells, including E-cadherin, HIF-1a, Vimentin, etc. Transwell Matrigel Invasion Assays were used to test the invasive ability of SGC-7901 cells. The siRNA targeting Gli-1 showed its role in hypoxia-induced EMT and invasion of SGC-7901 cells. RESULTS Resveratrol was found to significantly decrease HIF-1α protein levels induced by hypoxia in SGC-7901 cells. HIF-1α accumulation was found to promote cell proliferation, migration, and invasive capacities in addition to EMT changes through the activation of the Hedgehog pathway. These effects were found to be reversed by resveratrol. CONCLUSION Therefore, these data indicate that resveratrol may serve as a potential anticancer agent for the treatment of GC, even in a hypoxic tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Hong Xu
- Department of Geriatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xu-Qi Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lin Fan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Can-Can Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zheng-Dong Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guang-Hui Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
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Gu R, Liu R, Wang L, Tang M, Li SR, Hu X. LncRNA RPPH1 attenuates Aβ 25-35-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells via miR-326/PKM2. Int J Neurosci 2021; 131:425-432. [PMID: 32336203 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2020.1746307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The durative endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and subsequent apoptosis contributes to the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). MiR-326 can reduce pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) expression, leading to ERS. Whereas, lncRNA RPPH1 is able to increase dendritic spine density and protect hippocampal pyramidal neurons through targeting miR-326. Our study aims to investigate the regulation of lncRNA RPPH1 and miR-326/PKM2 on ERS and related apoptosis in AD. METHODS SH-SY5Y cells treated with Aβ25-35 were selected as an in vitro AD model. RPPH1 and miR-326 overexpression and silencing cells were established by transforming vectors. The expression of RPPH1 and miR-326 were detected by qRT-PCR. MTT, flow cytometric, intracellular calcium assay and Western blot were used to test the functions of RPPH1 and miR-326 in SH-SY5Y cell proliferation, apoptosis and ERS. Dual-luciferase assay was used to detect the interaction among RPPH1, miR-326 and PKM2. RESULTS RPPH1 overexpression enhanced the viability of SH-SY5Y cells, and attenuated the apoptosis of of SH-SY5Y cells. Moreover, RPPH1 overexpression down-regulated ER stress related proteins such as GRP78, CHOP and cleaved caspase-12. Mechanistically, RPPH1 directly targeted miR-326, thereby counteracting its inhibitory effect on PKM2 expression, contributing to attenuation of apoptosis and ERS induced by Aβ25-35. CONCLUSION Aβ25-35-induced ERS and apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells can be attenuated by lncRNA RPPH1 through regulating miR-326/PKM2 axis. This study provided therapeutic options for AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Gu
- Department of Neurology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Neurology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Neurology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Man Tang
- Department of Neurology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Rong Li
- Department of Neurology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Hu
- Department of Neurology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, P.R. China
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Patra S, Pradhan B, Nayak R, Behera C, Panda KC, Das S, Jena M, Bhutia SK. Apoptosis and autophagy modulating dietary phytochemicals in cancer therapeutics: Current evidences and future perspectives. Phytother Res 2021; 35:4194-4214. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Srimanta Patra
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science National Institute of Technology Rourkela Rourkela Odisha India
| | - Biswajita Pradhan
- Post Graduate Department of Botany Berhampur University Berhampur Odisha India
| | - Rabindra Nayak
- Post Graduate Department of Botany Berhampur University Berhampur Odisha India
| | - Chhandashree Behera
- Post Graduate Department of Botany Berhampur University Berhampur Odisha India
| | - Krishna Chandra Panda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Roland Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Berhampur Odisha India
| | - Surajit Das
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Ecology, Department of Life Science National Institute of Technology Rourkela Rourkela Odisha India
| | - Mrutyunjay Jena
- Post Graduate Department of Botany Berhampur University Berhampur Odisha India
| | - Sujit Kumar Bhutia
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science National Institute of Technology Rourkela Rourkela Odisha India
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Wu H, Cui M, Li C, Li H, Dai Y, Cui K, Li Z. Kaempferol Reverses Aerobic Glycolysis via miR-339-5p-Mediated PKM Alternative Splicing in Colon Cancer Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:3060-3068. [PMID: 33663206 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c07640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Colon cancer is an aggressive malignancy with very limited therapeutic approaches. The available therapeutic agents for colon cancer show strong adverse effects and poor effectiveness, indicating the urgent need to identify new therapeutic drugs for this malignancy. Kaempferol, a flavonoid found in a variety of natural foods, exhibits significant inhibitory effects on colon cancer. Here, it was found that kaempferol inhibited the proliferation of human colon cancer cells HCT116 and DLD1 in a dose-dependent manner, and the IC50 values were 63.0 ± 12.9 and 98.3 ± 15.9 μM, respectively. Also, kaempferol treatment delayed G1 phase progression of cell cycle and induced apoptosis. Aerobic glycolysis is the major energy source for various tumor growths, including colon cancer. Indeed, kaempferol treatment impaired glucose consumption, which subsequently led to reduced lactic acid accumulation and ATP production. Mechanistically, kaempferol promoted the expression of miR-339-5p. Further studies identified hnRNPA1 and PTBP1 as two direct targets of miR-339-5p. By directly targeting hnRNPA1 and PTBP1, miR-339-5p reduced the expression of M2-type pyruvate kinase (PKM2) but induced that of PKM1. In conclusion, these data demonstrate that by modulating miR-339-5p-hnRNPA1/PTBP1-PKM2 axis, kaempferol inhibits glycolysis and colon cancer growth, which reveals a new explanation for the molecular mechanism underlying kaempferol anti-tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haili Wu
- College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Regional Plants, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Mimi Cui
- Institute of Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Chenglu Li
- College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Hanqing Li
- College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Regional Plants, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yuhao Dai
- College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Kaili Cui
- Institute of Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Zhuoyu Li
- College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Institute of Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Regional Plants, Taiyuan 030006, China
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Liu TJ, Hu S, Qiu ZD, Liu D. Anti-Tumor Mechanisms Associated With Regulation of Non-Coding RNA by Active Ingredients of Chinese Medicine: A Review. Front Oncol 2021; 10:634936. [PMID: 33680956 PMCID: PMC7930492 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.634936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer has become the second leading cause of death worldwide; however, its complex pathogenesis remains largely unclear. Previous research has shown that cancer development and progression are closely associated with various non-coding RNAs, including long non-coding RNAs and microRNAs, which regulate gene expression. Target gene abnormalities are regulated and engaged in the complex mechanism underlying tumor formation, thereby controlling apoptosis, invasion, and migration of tumor cells and providing potentially effective targets for the treatment of malignant tumors. Chemotherapy is a commonly used therapeutic strategy for cancer; however, its effectiveness is limited by general toxicity and tumor cell drug resistance. Therefore, increasing attention has been paid to developing new cancer treatment modalities using traditional Chinese medicines, which exert regulatory effects on multiple components, targets, and pathways. Several active ingredients in Chinese medicine, including ginsenoside, baicalin, and matrine have been found to regulate ncRNA expression levels, thus, exerting anti-tumor effects. This review summarizes the scientific progress made regarding the anti-tumor mechanisms elicited by various active ingredients of Chinese medicine in regulating non-coding RNAs, to provide a theoretical foundation for treating tumors using traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Jia Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Shuang Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Zhi-Dong Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Da Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
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Amiri A, Mahjoubin-Tehran M, Asemi Z, Shafiee A, Hajighadimi S, Moradizarmehri S, Mirzaei HR, Mirzaei H. Role of Resveratrol in Modulating microRNAs in Human Diseases: From Cancer to Inflammatory Disorder. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:360-376. [PMID: 31830882 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666191212102407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Cancer and inflammatory disorders are two important public health issues worldwide with significant socio.economic impacts. Despite several efforts, the current therapeutic platforms are associated with severe limitations. Therefore, developing new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of these diseases is a top priority. Besides current therapies, the utilization of natural compounds has emerged as a new horizon for the treatment of cancer and inflammatory disorders as well. Such natural compounds could be used either alone or in combination with the standard cancer therapeutic modalities such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. Resveratrol is a polyphenolic compound that is found in grapes as well as other foods. It has been found that this medicinal agent displays a wide pharmacological spectrum, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, and antioxidant activities. Recently, clinical and pre-clinical studies have highlighted the anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects of resveratrol. Increasing evidence revealed that resveratrol exerts its therapeutic effects by targeting various cellular and molecular mechanisms. Among cellular and molecular targets that are modulated by resveratrol, microRNAs (miRNAs) have appeared as key targets. MiRNAs are short non-coding RNAs that act as epigenetic regulators. These molecules are involved in many processes that are involved in the initiation and progression of cancer and inflammatory disorders. Herein, we summarized various miRNAs that are directly/indirectly influenced by resveratrol in cancer and inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Amiri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Mahjoubin-Tehran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Alimohammad Shafiee
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sarah Hajighadimi
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sanaz Moradizarmehri
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hamid Reza Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Canada
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Puckett DL, Alquraishi M, Chowanadisai W, Bettaieb A. The Role of PKM2 in Metabolic Reprogramming: Insights into the Regulatory Roles of Non-Coding RNAs. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1171. [PMID: 33503959 PMCID: PMC7865720 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyruvate kinase is a key regulator in glycolysis through the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) into pyruvate. Pyruvate kinase exists in various isoforms that can exhibit diverse biological functions and outcomes. The pyruvate kinase isoenzyme type M2 (PKM2) controls cell progression and survival through the regulation of key signaling pathways. In cancer cells, the dimer form of PKM2 predominates and plays an integral role in cancer metabolism. This predominance of the inactive dimeric form promotes the accumulation of phosphometabolites, allowing cancer cells to engage in high levels of synthetic processing to enhance their proliferative capacity. PKM2 has been recognized for its role in regulating gene expression and transcription factors critical for health and disease. This role enables PKM2 to exert profound regulatory effects that promote cancer cell metabolism, proliferation, and migration. In addition to its role in cancer, PKM2 regulates aspects essential to cellular homeostasis in non-cancer tissues and, in some cases, promotes tissue-specific pathways in health and diseases. In pursuit of understanding the diverse tissue-specific roles of PKM2, investigations targeting tissues such as the kidney, liver, adipose, and pancreas have been conducted. Findings from these studies enhance our understanding of PKM2 functions in various diseases beyond cancer. Therefore, there is substantial interest in PKM2 modulation as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of multiple conditions. Indeed, a vast plethora of research has focused on identifying therapeutic strategies for targeting PKM2. Recently, targeting PKM2 through its regulatory microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) has gathered increasing interest. Thus, the goal of this review is to highlight recent advancements in PKM2 research, with a focus on PKM2 regulatory microRNAs and lncRNAs and their subsequent physiological significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexter L. Puckett
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (D.L.P.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohammed Alquraishi
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (D.L.P.); (M.A.)
| | - Winyoo Chowanadisai
- Department of Nutrition, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA;
| | - Ahmed Bettaieb
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (D.L.P.); (M.A.)
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Brockmueller A, Sameri S, Liskova A, Zhai K, Varghese E, Samuel SM, Büsselberg D, Kubatka P, Shakibaei M. Resveratrol's Anti-Cancer Effects through the Modulation of Tumor Glucose Metabolism. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020188. [PMID: 33430318 PMCID: PMC7825813 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The prevention and treatment of cancer is an ongoing medical challenge. In the context of personalized medicine, the well-studied polyphenol resveratrol could complement classical tumor therapy. It may affect key processes such as inflammation, angiogenesis, proliferation, metastasis, glucose metabolism, and apoptosis in various cancers because resveratrol acts as a multi-targeting agent by modulating multiple signal transduction pathways. This review article focuses on resveratrol’s ability to modify tumor glucose metabolism and its associated therapeutic capacity. Resveratrol reduces glucose uptake and glycolysis by affecting Glut1, PFK1, HIF-1α, ROS, PDH, and the CamKKB/AMPK pathway. It also inhibits cell growth, invasion, and proliferation by targeting NF-kB, Sirt1, Sirt3, LDH, PI-3K, mTOR, PKM2, R5P, G6PD, TKT, talin, and PGAM. In addition, resveratrol induces apoptosis by targeting integrin, p53, LDH, and FAK. In conclusion, resveratrol has many potentials to intervene in tumor processes if bioavailability can be increased and this natural compound can be used selectively. Abstract Tumor cells develop several metabolic reprogramming strategies, such as increased glucose uptake and utilization via aerobic glycolysis and fermentation of glucose to lactate; these lead to a low pH environment in which the cancer cells thrive and evade apoptosis. These characteristics of tumor cells are known as the Warburg effect. Adaptive metabolic alterations in cancer cells can be attributed to mutations in key metabolic enzymes and transcription factors. The features of the Warburg phenotype may serve as promising markers for the early detection and treatment of tumors. Besides, the glycolytic process of tumors is reversible and could represent a therapeutic target. So-called mono-target therapies are often unsafe and ineffective, and have a high prevalence of recurrence. Their success is hindered by the ability of tumor cells to simultaneously develop multiple chemoresistance pathways. Therefore, agents that modify several cellular targets, such as energy restriction to target tumor cells specifically, have therapeutic potential. Resveratrol, a natural active polyphenol found in grapes and red wine and used in many traditional medicines, is known for its ability to target multiple components of signaling pathways in tumors, leading to the suppression of cell proliferation, activation of apoptosis, and regression in tumor growth. Here, we describe current knowledge on the various mechanisms by which resveratrol modulates glucose metabolism, its potential as an imitator of caloric restriction, and its therapeutic capacity in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aranka Brockmueller
- Musculoskeletal Research Group and Tumor Biology, Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Pettenkoferstrasse 11, D-80336 Munich, Germany;
| | - Saba Sameri
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, 6517838678 Hamadan, Iran;
| | - Alena Liskova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Kevin Zhai
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (K.Z.); (E.V.); (S.M.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Elizabeth Varghese
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (K.Z.); (E.V.); (S.M.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Samson Mathews Samuel
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (K.Z.); (E.V.); (S.M.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (K.Z.); (E.V.); (S.M.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Mehdi Shakibaei
- Musculoskeletal Research Group and Tumor Biology, Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Pettenkoferstrasse 11, D-80336 Munich, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-892-1807-2624; Fax: +49-892-1807-2625
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40
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Zhang F, Zhang YY, Ma RH, Thakur K, Han J, Hu F, Zhang JG, Wei ZJ. Multi-omics reveals the anticancer mechanism of asparagus saponin-asparanin A on endometrial cancer Ishikawa cells. Food Funct 2021; 12:614-632. [DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02265a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Multi-omics reveals that AA not only induced apoptosis, but also triggered autophagy in Ishikawa cells through ER stress and DNA damage-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei 230009
- People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei 230009
- People's Republic of China
| | - Run-Hui Ma
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei 230009
- People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety
| | - Kiran Thakur
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei 230009
- People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety
| | - Jinzhi Han
- College of Biological Science and Technology
- Fuzhou University
- Fuzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Hu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei 230009
- People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety
| | - Jian-Guo Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei 230009
- People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety
| | - Zhao-Jun Wei
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei 230009
- People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety
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41
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6-Shogaol mediated ROS production and apoptosis via endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial pathways in human endometrial carcinoma Ishikawa cells. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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42
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Zhao S, Tang L, Chen W, Su J, Li F, Chen X, Wu L. Resveratrol-induced apoptosis is associated with regulating the miR-492/CD147 pathway in malignant melanoma cells. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2020; 394:797-807. [PMID: 33009925 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01981-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol (RES) as a natural phytoalexin has anti-tumor effects on various cancers through its pro-apoptotic activities. Our aim was to determine that RES induces apoptosis in melanoma cells by regulating miR-492 resulting in decreased CD147 expression. We treated A375 and SK-MEL-28 melanoma cells via RES at different concentrations and time-points. The results have shown that the inhibition rate of A375 and SK-MEL-28 was significantly increased after RES treatment. Subsequently, we investigated cell apoptosis by flow cytometry, as well as detected apoptotic-associated proteins including PARP, Caspase-3, Bcl-2, and Bax by western blotting. Meanwhile, the expression of miR-492 and CD147 was analyzed. We found that RES remarkably induces apoptosis in melanoma cells, along with an upregulation of miR-492 and the inhibition of CD147 expression. Furthermore, the detection of luciferase reporter activity confirmed that miR-492 could target CD147 mRNA, and transfected with mimic miR-492 in cells reduced CD147 expression. We also performed the rescued experiment by using a miR-492 inhibitor in melanoma cells. The results showed that the ability of induced apoptosis by RES in melanoma cells was to be attenuated via inhibiting miR-492 expression resulting in CD147 augment. Finally, we determined that the effect of RES-induced apoptosis in melanoma cells is associated with, at least in part, its ability to regulate the miR-492/CD147 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Ling Tang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Wangqing Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Juan Su
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Fangfang Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Lisha Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China. .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China. .,Institute of Medical Sciences, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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Han P, Ren X, Qu X, Meng Y. The Regulatory Mechanisms of Dynamin-Related Protein 1 in Tumor Development and Therapy. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2020; 36:10-17. [PMID: 32762544 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2020.3791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Various types of tumors are likely to acquire drug resistance over time. Hence, the development of novel therapies to overcome drug resistance is critical. Studies have demonstrated that drug resistance is closely associated with the dynamic regulation of mitochondria in tumor cells. The dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) is involved in the regulation of mitochondrial fission and plays an important role in maintaining mitochondrial morphology, function, and distribution. It is a key protein in mitochondrial quality control. Drp1 is a GTPase localized to the cytoplasm and is a potential target in cancer therapy. A variety of drugs targeting Drp1 have shown great promise in reducing the viability and proliferation of cancer cells. The dynamic regulation of Drp1-mediated mitochondria is closely associated with tumor development, and treatment. Aim: In this article, the authors reviewed the occurrence and progression of mitochondrial fission regulated by Drp1, and its influence on cell cycle, autophagy, apoptosis, migration, invasion, the molecular mechanism of tumor stemness, and metabolic reprogramming. Targeted inhibition of Drp1 and mitochondrial fission could reduce or prevent tumor occurrence and progression in a variety of cancers. Drp1 inhibitors could reduce tumor stemness and enhance tumor sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs. Conclusion: Research into identifying compounds that could specifically target Drp1 will be valuable for overcoming drug resistance in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyu Han
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xinlu Ren
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Queen Mary College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiuxia Qu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yiteng Meng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Abdel-Wahab AHA, Effat H, Mahrous EA, Ali MA, Al-Shafie TA. A Licorice Roots Extract Induces Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest and Improves Metabolism via Regulating MiRNAs in Liver Cancer Cells. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:1047-1058. [PMID: 32578448 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1783329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Targeting altered metabolism in cancer provides a promising preventive and therapeutic approach. Natural products interplay between gene expression and metabolism either by targeting altered metabolic enzymes and/or affecting the regulating miRNAs. Licorice is a widely known product used as flavoring agent. Glycyrrhizin and other metabolites were reported to exert several metabolic benefits. Here, we investigated the effect of licorice roots extract on some metabolic pathways and their regulating miRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Our data showed various beneficial effects of licorice roots extract including induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Second, upregulating tumor suppressor miRNAs; let7a-3p, miR-34c-5p, miR-122-5p, miR-126-3p, miR195-5p, miR-199a-5p, miR-206, and miR-326-5p. Third, inhibiting HIF1α, PI3K and C-Myc and activating AMPK and p53. Fourth, inhibiting enzymes of glycolysis; HK-2, LDH-A and PK-M2; pentose phosphate pathway; G6PD and glutaminolysis; glutaminase. However, such an extract upregulated oncogenic miRNAs; miR-21, miR-221, and miR-222. Although the present data highlights the ability of licorice roots extract to enhance apoptosis and cell cycle arrest and correct altered metabolism, it warns against its unfavorable effects, hence, its use for prevention and therapy should proceed with caution. Further experiments are required to investigate whether a specific bioactive ingredient is responsible for upregulating the oncogenic miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heba Effat
- Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Engy A Mahrous
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mennatallah A Ali
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Manufacturing, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Tamer A Al-Shafie
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
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45
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Ashrafizadeh M, Javanmardi S, Moradi-Ozarlou M, Mohammadinejad R, Farkhondeh T, Samarghandian S, Garg M. Natural products and phytochemical nanoformulations targeting mitochondria in oncotherapy: an updated review on resveratrol. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:BSR20200257. [PMID: 32163546 PMCID: PMC7133519 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20200257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are intracellular organelles with two distinct membranes, known as an outer mitochondrial membrane and inner cell membrane. Originally, mitochondria have been derived from bacteria. The main function of mitochondria is the production of ATP. However, this important organelle indirectly protects cells by consuming oxygen in the route of energy generation. It has been found that mitochondria are actively involved in the induction of the intrinsic pathways of apoptosis. So, there have been efforts to sustain mitochondrial homeostasis and inhibit its dysfunction. Notably, due to the potential role of mitochondria in the stimulation of apoptosis, this organelle is a promising target in cancer therapy. Resveratrol is a non-flavonoid polyphenol that exhibits significant pharmacological effects such as antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor. The anti-tumor activity of resveratrol may be a consequence of its effect on mitochondria. Multiple studies have investigated the relationship between resveratrol and mitochondria, and it has been demonstrated that resveratrol is able to significantly enhance the concentration of reactive oxygen species, leading to the mitochondrial dysfunction and consequently, apoptosis induction. A number of signaling pathways such as sirtuin and NF-κB may contribute to the mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis by resveratrol. Besides, resveratrol shifts cellular metabolism from glycolysis into mitochondrial respiration to induce cellular death in cancer cells. In the present review, we discuss the possible interactions between resveratrol and mitochondria, and its potential application in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sara Javanmardi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Moradi-Ozarlou
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Mohammadinejad
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Healthy Ageing Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Manoj Garg
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201313, India
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Abstract
Significance: Mitochondria undergo constant morphological changes through fusion, fission, and mitophagy. As the key organelle in cells, mitochondria are responsible for numerous essential cellular functions such as metabolism, regulation of calcium (Ca2+), generation of reactive oxygen species, and initiation of apoptosis. Unsurprisingly, mitochondrial dysfunctions underlie many pathologies including cancer. Recent Advances: Currently, the gold standard for cancer treatment is chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery. However, the efficacy of these treatments varies across different cancer cells. It has been suggested that mitochondria may be at the center of these diverse responses. In the past decade, significant advances have been made in understanding distinct types of mitochondrial dysfunctions in cancer. Through investigations of underlying mechanisms, more effective treatment options are developed. Critical Issues: We summarize various mitochondria dysfunctions in cancer progression that have led to the development of therapeutic options. Current mitochondrial-targeted therapies and challenges are discussed. Future Directions: To address the "root" of cancer, utilization of mitochondrial-targeted therapy to target cancer stem cells may be valuable. Investigation of other areas such as mitochondrial trafficking may offer new insights into cancer therapy. Moreover, common antibiotics could be explored as mitocans, and synthetic lethality screens can be utilized to overcome the plasticity of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin Yao Chiu
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Emmy Xue Yun Tay
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Derrick Sek Tong Ong
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Reshma Taneja
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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47
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Ren R, Guo J, Shi J, Tian Y, Li M, Kang H. PKM2 regulates angiogenesis of VR-EPCs through modulating glycolysis, mitochondrial fission, and fusion. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:6204-6217. [PMID: 32017072 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Vascular resident endothelial progenitor cells (VR-EPCs) have a certain ability to differentiate into endothelial cells (ECs) and participate in the process of angiogenesis. Glycolysis and mitochondrial fission and fusion play a pivotal role in angiogenesis. Pyruvate kinase muscle isoenzyme 2 (PKM2), which mediates energy metabolism and mitochondrial morphology, is regarded as the focus of VR-EPCs angiogenesis in our study. VR-EPCs were isolated from the hearts of 12-weeks-old Sprague-Dawley rats. The role of PKM2 on angiogenesis was evaluated by tube formation assay, wound healing assay, transwell assay, and chick chorioallantoic membrane assay. Western blot analysis, flow cytometry, mitochondrial membrane potential detection, reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection, immunofluorescence staining, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were used to investigate the potential mechanism of PKM2 for regulating VR-EPCs angiogenesis. We explored the function of PKM2 on the angiogenesis of VR-EPCs. DASA-58 (the activator of PKM2) promoted VR-EPCs proliferation and PKM2 activity, it also could promote angiogenic differentiation. At the same time, DASA-58 significantly enhanced glycolysis, mitochondrial fusion, slightly increased mitochondrial membrane potential, and maintained ROS at a low level. C3k, an inhibitor of PKM2, inhibited PKM2 activity, expression of angiogenesis-related genes and tube formation. Besides, C3k drastically reduced glycolysis and mitochondrial membrane potential while significantly promoting mitochondrial fission and ROS level. Activation of PKM2 could promote VR-EPCs angiogenesis through modulating glycolysis, mitochondrial fission and fusion. By contrast, PKM2 inhibitor has opposite effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranyue Ren
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiachao Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Tian
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengwei Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Kang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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48
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Mo Y, He L, Lai Z, Wan Z, Chen Q, Pan S, Li L, Li D, Huang J, Xue F, Che S. Gold nano-particles (AuNPs) carrying miR-326 targets PDK1/AKT/c-myc axis in hepatocellular carcinoma. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:2830-2837. [PMID: 31298047 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2018.1489266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) contributes to tumour growth and invasion. MiR-326 expression often down-regulates in several kinds of cancer and low expression of miR-326 is linked with poor prognosis in cancer patients. In the present study, we aimed to explore the modulatory mechanism of miR-326 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). miR-326 expression was significantly decreased in HCC cell lines and tissues. miR-326 decreased HCC cell growth by affecting cell-cycle progression and by promoting apoptosis. In addition, miR-326 inhibited HCC cell invasion by decreasing the EMT phenotype. We found that miR-326 functioned as a tumour suppressor by repressing its down-stream target PDK1. C-myc contributed to miR-326 down-regulation through binding at its promoter and inhibited its expression. Based on these results, we conducted a therapeutic experiment by using gold nano-particles (AuNPs) carrying miR-326. Restoration of miR-326 reduced tumour growth in vivo. Our findings suggest that miR-326 may be a candidate prognostic biomarker and a target for new therapies in HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichao Mo
- a Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Gaozhou People's Hospital , Gaozhou , China
| | - Longguang He
- a Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Gaozhou People's Hospital , Gaozhou , China
| | - Zeru Lai
- a Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Gaozhou People's Hospital , Gaozhou , China
| | - Zhiheng Wan
- b Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of BaoTou Medical University , Inner Mongolia , China
| | - Qinshou Chen
- a Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Gaozhou People's Hospital , Gaozhou , China
| | - Sibo Pan
- a Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Gaozhou People's Hospital , Gaozhou , China
| | - Liangfu Li
- a Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Gaozhou People's Hospital , Gaozhou , China
| | - Dasheng Li
- a Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Gaozhou People's Hospital , Gaozhou , China
| | - Junwei Huang
- a Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Gaozhou People's Hospital , Gaozhou , China
| | - Fan Xue
- a Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Gaozhou People's Hospital , Gaozhou , China
| | - Siyao Che
- a Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Gaozhou People's Hospital , Gaozhou , China
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49
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Sun LR, Zhou W, Zhang HM, Guo QS, Yang W, Li BJ, Sun ZH, Gao SH, Cui RJ. Modulation of Multiple Signaling Pathways of the Plant-Derived Natural Products in Cancer. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1153. [PMID: 31781485 PMCID: PMC6856297 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural compounds are highly effective anticancer chemotherapeutic agents, and the targets of plant-derived anticancer agents have been widely reported. In this review, we focus on the main signaling pathways of apoptosis, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis that are regulated by polyphenols, alkaloids, saponins, and polysaccharides. Alkaloids primarily affect apoptosis-related pathways, while polysaccharides primarily target pathways related to proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Other compounds, such as flavonoids and saponins, affect all of these aspects. The association between compound structures and signaling pathways may play a critical role in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Rui Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hong-Mei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qiu-Shi Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bing-Jin Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuo-Hui Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ran-Ji Cui
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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50
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Zambrano A, Molt M, Uribe E, Salas M. Glut 1 in Cancer Cells and the Inhibitory Action of Resveratrol as A Potential Therapeutic Strategy. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20133374. [PMID: 31324056 PMCID: PMC6651361 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An important hallmark in cancer cells is the increase in glucose uptake. GLUT1 is an important target in cancer treatment because cancer cells upregulate GLUT1, a membrane protein that facilitates the basal uptake of glucose in most cell types, to ensure the flux of sugar into metabolic pathways. The dysregulation of GLUT1 is associated with numerous disorders, including cancer and metabolic diseases. There are natural products emerging as a source for inhibitors of glucose uptake, and resveratrol is a molecule of natural origin with many properties that acts as antioxidant and antiproliferative in malignant cells. In the present review, we discuss how GLUT1 is involved in the general scheme of cancer cell metabolism, the mechanism of glucose transport, and the importance of GLUT1 structure to understand the inhibition process. Then, we review the current state-of-the-art of resveratrol and other natural products as GLUT1 inhibitors, focusing on those directed at treating different types of cancer. Targeting GLUT1 activity is a promising strategy for the development of drugs aimed at treating neoplastic growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angara Zambrano
- Instituto de Bioquimica y Microbiologia, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 0000000, Chile
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile
| | - Matías Molt
- Instituto de Bioquimica y Microbiologia, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 0000000, Chile
| | - Elena Uribe
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile
| | - Mónica Salas
- Instituto de Bioquimica y Microbiologia, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 0000000, Chile.
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