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Ben-Eltriki M, Gayle EJ, Paras JM, Nyame-Addo L, Chhabra M, Deb S. Vitamin D in Melanoma: Potential Role of Cytochrome P450 Enzymes. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:510. [PMID: 38672780 PMCID: PMC11050855 DOI: 10.3390/life14040510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a promising anticancer agent for the prevention and treatment of several cancers, including melanoma. Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, a routinely used marker for vitamin D, have been suggested as one of the factors in the development and progression of melanoma. The parent vitamin D needs activation by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes to exert its actions via the vitamin D receptor (VDR). This review discusses the role of vitamin D in melanoma and how CYP-mediated metabolism can potentially affect the actions of vitamin D. Through interacting with the retinoid X receptor, VDR signaling leads to anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and anticancer actions. Calcitriol, the dihydroxylated form of vitamin D3, is the most active and potent ligand of VDR. CYP27A1, CYP27B1, and CYP2R1 are involved in the activation of vitamin D, whereas CYP24A1 and CYP3A4 are responsible for the degradation of the active vitamin D. CYP24A1, the primary catabolic enzyme of calcitriol, is overexpressed in melanoma tissues and cells. Several drug classes and natural health products can modulate vitamin D-related CYP enzymes and eventually cause lower levels of vitamin D and its active metabolites in tissues. Although the role of vitamin D in the development of melanoma is yet to be fully elucidated, it has been proposed that melanoma prevention may be significantly aided by increased vitamin D signaling. Furthermore, selective targeting of the catabolic enzymes responsible for vitamin D degradation could be a plausible strategy in melanoma therapy. Vitamin D signaling can be improved by utilizing dietary supplements or by modulating CYP metabolism. A positive association exists between the intake of vitamin D supplements and improved prognosis for melanoma patients. Further investigation is required to determine the function of vitamin D supplementation and specific enzyme targeting in the prevention of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ben-Eltriki
- Clinical Pharmacology Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T6, Canada
- Cochrane Hypertension Review Group, Therapeutic Initiative, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Erysa J. Gayle
- College of Biomedical Sciences, Larkin University, Miami, FL 33169, USA; (E.J.G.); (J.M.P.)
| | - Jhoanne M. Paras
- College of Biomedical Sciences, Larkin University, Miami, FL 33169, USA; (E.J.G.); (J.M.P.)
| | - Louisa Nyame-Addo
- College of Biomedical Sciences, Larkin University, Miami, FL 33169, USA; (E.J.G.); (J.M.P.)
| | - Manik Chhabra
- Clinical Pharmacology Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T6, Canada
| | - Subrata Deb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, Miami, FL 33169, USA
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Han EJ, Choi EY, Jeon SJ, Moon JM, Lee SW, Lee JH, Jung GH, Han SH, Jung SH, Yang MS, Jung JY. Anticancer Effects of α-Pinene in AGS Gastric Cancer Cells. J Med Food 2024; 27:330-338. [PMID: 38387002 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2023.k.0267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer globally and the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Existing treatment strategies for gastric cancer often present numerous side effects. Consequently, recent studies have shifted toward devising new treatments grounded in safer natural substances. α-Pinene, a natural terpene found in the essential oils of various plants, such as Lavender angustifolia and Satureja myrtifolia, displays antioxidant, antibiotic, and anticancer properties. Yet, its impact on gastric cancer remains unexplored. This research assessed the effects of α-pinene in vitro using a human gastric adenocarcinoma cell-line (AGS) human gastric cancer cells and in vivo via a xenograft mouse model. The survival rate of AGS cells treated with α-pinene was notably lower than that of the control group, as revealed by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. This decline in cell viability was linked to apoptosis, as verified by 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole and annexin V/propidium iodide staining. The α-pinene-treated group exhibited elevated cleaved-poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase and B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)-associated X (Bax) levels and reduced Bcl-2 levels compared with the control levels. Moreover, α-pinene triggered the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and p38 within the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. In the xenograft mouse model, α-pinene induced apoptosis through the MAPK pathway, devoid of toxicity. These findings position α-pinene as a promising natural therapeutic for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ji Han
- Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Kongju National University, Yesan, Korea
| | - Eun-Young Choi
- Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Kongju National University, Yesan, Korea
| | - Su-Ji Jeon
- Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Kongju National University, Yesan, Korea
| | - Jun-Mo Moon
- Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Kongju National University, Yesan, Korea
| | - Sang-Woo Lee
- Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Kongju National University, Yesan, Korea
| | - Jae-Han Lee
- Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Kongju National University, Yesan, Korea
| | - Gi-Hwan Jung
- Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Kongju National University, Yesan, Korea
| | - So-Hee Han
- Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Kongju National University, Yesan, Korea
| | - Soo-Hyun Jung
- Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Kongju National University, Yesan, Korea
| | - Myeon-Sik Yang
- Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Kongju National University, Yesan, Korea
| | - Ji-Youn Jung
- Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Kongju National University, Yesan, Korea
- Research Institute for Natural Products, Kongju National University, Yesan, Korea
- Research Center of Crop Breeding for Omics and Artificial Intelligence, Yesan, Korea
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Campanelli G, Francois E, Parupathi P, Devarakonda LS, Yang C, Kumar A, Levenson AS. The Therapeutic Efficacy and Mechanism of Action of Gnetin C, a Natural Compound from the Melinjo Plant, in a Preclinical Mouse Model of Advanced Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1344. [PMID: 38611022 PMCID: PMC11010822 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16071344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The metastasis-associated protein 1/protein kinase B (MTA1/AKT) signaling pathway has been shown to cooperate in promoting prostate tumor growth. Targeted interception strategies by plant-based polyphenols, specifically stilbenes, have shown great promise against MTA1-mediated prostate cancer progression. In this study, we employed a prostate-specific transgenic mouse model with MTA1 overexpression on the background of phosphatase and tensin homolog (Pten) null (R26MTA1; Ptenf/f) and PC3M prostate cancer cells which recapitulate altered molecular pathways in advanced prostate cancer. Mechanistically, the MTA1 knockdown or pharmacological inhibition of MTA1 by gnetin C (dimer resveratrol) in cultured PC3M cells resulted in the marked inactivation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling. In vivo, mice tolerated a daily intraperitoneal treatment of gnetin C (7 mg/kg bw) for 12 weeks without any sign of toxicity. Treatment with gnetin C markedly reduced cell proliferation and angiogenesis and promoted apoptosis in mice with advanced prostate cancer. Further, in addition to decreasing MTA1 levels in prostate epithelial cells, gnetin C significantly reduced mTOR signaling activity in prostate tissues, including the activity of mTOR-target proteins: p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase (S6K) and eukaryotic translational initiation factor 4E (elF4E)-binding protein 1 (4EBP1). Collectively, these findings established gnetin C as a new natural compound with anticancer properties against MTA1/AKT/mTOR-activated prostate cancer, with potential as monotherapy and as a possible adjunct to clinically approved mTOR pathway inhibitors in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisella Campanelli
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Long Island University, Brookville, NY 11548, USA; (G.C.); (C.Y.)
| | - Ekniel Francois
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA; (E.F.); (P.P.); (L.S.D.)
| | - Prashanth Parupathi
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA; (E.F.); (P.P.); (L.S.D.)
| | - Lakshmi Sirisha Devarakonda
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA; (E.F.); (P.P.); (L.S.D.)
| | - Ching Yang
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Long Island University, Brookville, NY 11548, USA; (G.C.); (C.Y.)
| | - Avinash Kumar
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA; (E.F.); (P.P.); (L.S.D.)
| | - Anait S. Levenson
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Long Island University, Brookville, NY 11548, USA; (G.C.); (C.Y.)
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Nagini S, Palrasu M, Bishayee A. Limonoids from neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) are potential anticancer drug candidates. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:457-496. [PMID: 37589457 DOI: 10.1002/med.21988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.), a versatile evergreen tree recognized for its ethnopharmacological value, is a rich source of limonoids of the triterpenoid class, endowed with potent medicinal properties. Extracts of neem have been documented to display anticancer effects in diverse malignant cell lines as well as in preclinical animal models that has largely been attributed to the constituent limonoids. Of late, neem limonoids have become the cynosure of research attention as potential candidate agents for cancer prevention and therapy. Among the various limonoids found in neem, azadirachtin, epoxyazadiradione, gedunin, and nimbolide, have been extensively investigated for anticancer activity. Azadirachtin, a potent biodegradable pesticide, exhibits profound antiproliferative effects by preventing mitotic spindle formation and cell division. The antiproliferative activity of gedunin has been demonstrated to be mediated primarily via inhibition of heat shock protein90 and its client proteins. Epoxyazadiradione inhibits pro-inflammatory and kinase-driven signaling pathways to block tumorigenesis. Nimbolide, the most potent cytotoxic neem limonoid, inhibits the growth of cancer cells by regulating the phosphorylation of keystone kinases that drive oncogenic signaling besides modulating the epigenome. There is overwhelming evidence to indicate that neem limonoids exert anticancer effects by preventing the acquisition of hallmark traits of cancer, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis evasion, inflammation, invasion, angiogenesis, and drug resistance. Neem limonoids are value additions to the armamentarium of natural compounds that target aberrant oncogenic signaling to inhibit cancer development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddavaram Nagini
- Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Manikandan Palrasu
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
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Sinha B, Choudhury Y. Revisiting edible insects as sources of therapeutics and drug delivery systems for cancer therapy. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1345281. [PMID: 38370484 PMCID: PMC10869617 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1345281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer has been medicine's most formidable foe for long, and the rising incidence of the disease globally has made effective cancer therapy a significant challenge. Drug discovery is targeted at identifying efficacious compounds with minimal side effects and developments in nanotechnology and immunotherapy have shown promise in the fight against this complicated illness. Since ancient times, insects and insect-derived products have played a significant role in traditional medicine across several communities worldwide. The aim of this study was to inspect the traditional use of edible insects in various cultures and to explore their modern use in cancer therapy. Edible insects are sources of nutrients and a variety of beneficial substances with anticancer and immunomodulatory potential. Recently, insect derived bioactive-components have also been used as nanoparticles either in combination with chemotherapeutics or as a nano-cargo for the enhanced delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs due to their high biocompatibility, low bio-toxicity, and their antioxidant and anticancer effects. The crude extracts of different edible insects and their active components such as sericin, cecropin, solenopsin, melittin, antimicrobial peptides and fibroin produce anti-cancer and immunomodulatory effects by various mechanisms which have been discussed in this review.
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Li L, Zhu Y, Huang YG, Hou DZ, Ahmed Zaki MS, Sideeg AM, Mohammed H, El-Kott AF, Al-Saeed FA, Ling P. Therapeutic properties, biological effects, antiliver cancer, and anticolon cancer effects of some natural compounds: A biochemical approach. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23573. [PMID: 37934567 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Natural compounds, such as carotenoids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, or terpenoids, are physiologically active components found in plants (pigments), often known as phytochemicals or phytonutrients. The in vitro cytotoxic and anticolon cancer effects of biologically bavachin, bavachinin, artepillin C, and aromadendrin compounds against SW48, SNU-C1, COLO 205, RKO, LS411N, and SW1417 cancer cell lines were assessed. Results of enzymes and antibacterial, antifungal were in level of micromolar that is good impacts. These natural compounds may be antidiabetic, anticancer, and antibacterial candidates for drug design. IC50 results were obtained between 14-19 and 5-119 µM for α-amylase and α-glucosidase, respectively. Good inhibitor Bavachinin was detected for both enzymes (IC50 for α-amylase: 14.37 µM and IC50 for α-glucosidase: 5.27 µM). The chemical activities of aromadendrin, artepillin C, bavachin, and bavachinin against pancreatic α-amylase and α-glucosidase were assessed by conducting the molecular docking study. The chemical activities of aromadendrin, artepillin C, bavachin, and bavachinin against some of the expressed surface receptor proteins (CD44, CD47, CXCR4, EGFR, folate receptor, HER2, and endothelin receptor) in the mentioned cell lines were investigated using the molecular docking calculations. The results illustrated the atomic-level properties and potential interactions. These chemicals have high binding affinities to the enzymes and proteins, according to the docking scores. In addition, the compounds formed strong contacts with the enzymes and receptors. Thus, these compounds could be potential inhibitors for enzymes and cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Li
- Department of General Surgery I, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of General Surgery I, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying-Guang Huang
- Department of General Surgery I, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - De-Zhi Hou
- Department of General Surgery I, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | | | - Abulqasim M Sideeg
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heitham Mohammed
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Attalla F El-Kott
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Fatimah A Al-Saeed
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ping Ling
- Department of General Surgery I, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Marrone G, Di Lauro M, Izzo F, Cornali K, Masci C, Vita C, Occhiuto F, Di Daniele N, De Lorenzo A, Noce A. Possible Beneficial Effects of Hydrolyzable Tannins Deriving from Castanea sativa L. in Internal Medicine. Nutrients 2023; 16:45. [PMID: 38201875 PMCID: PMC10780656 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydrolyzable tannins (HTs) deriving from chestnuts have demonstrated, through numerous studies, the ability to exert multiple beneficial effects, including antioxidant and antimicrobial effects, on the lipid metabolism and cancer cells. The latter effect is very fascinating, since different polyphenols deriving from chestnuts were able to synergistically induce the inhibition of cancerous cells through multiple pathways. Moreover, the main mechanisms by which tannins induce antioxidant functions include: the reduction in oxidative stress, the ability to scavenge free radicals, and the modulation of specific enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase. HTs have also been shown to exert significant antimicrobial activity by suppressing microbial growth. The actions on the lipid metabolism are several, among which is the inhibition of lipid accumulation. Thus, tannins seem to induce a cardioprotective effect. In fact, through various mechanisms, such as the relaxation of the vascular smooth muscle, HTs were proven to be efficient against arterial hypertension. Therefore, the great number of studies in this field prove the growing interest on the utilization of natural bioactive compounds, such as HTs deriving from natural sources or obtained by circular economy models, as potential nutraceuticals or adjuvants therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Marrone
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (M.D.L.); (F.I.); (K.C.); (C.M.); (N.D.D.)
| | - Manuela Di Lauro
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (M.D.L.); (F.I.); (K.C.); (C.M.); (N.D.D.)
| | - Francesco Izzo
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (M.D.L.); (F.I.); (K.C.); (C.M.); (N.D.D.)
| | - Kevin Cornali
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (M.D.L.); (F.I.); (K.C.); (C.M.); (N.D.D.)
| | - Claudia Masci
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (M.D.L.); (F.I.); (K.C.); (C.M.); (N.D.D.)
| | - Chiara Vita
- QuMAP (Quality of Goods and Product Reliability), University of Florence, PIN, 59100 Prato, Italy;
- Department of Economics, Management and Business Law, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Umberto I, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Occhiuto
- Ph.D. School of Applied Medical-Surgical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Di Daniele
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (M.D.L.); (F.I.); (K.C.); (C.M.); (N.D.D.)
- Fondazione Leonardo per le Scienze Mediche Onlus, Policlinico Abano, 35031 Abano Terme, Italy
| | - Antonino De Lorenzo
- Section of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomic, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Noce
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (M.D.L.); (F.I.); (K.C.); (C.M.); (N.D.D.)
- UOSD Nephrology and Dialysis, Policlinico Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
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Arain MA, Khaskheli GB, Shah AH, Marghazani IB, Barham GS, Shah QA, Khand FM, Buzdar JA, Soomro F, Fazlani SA. Nutritional significance and promising therapeutic/medicinal application of camel milk as a functional food in human and animals: a comprehensive review. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:1988-2005. [PMID: 35389299 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2022.2059490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Camel milk (CM) is the key component of human diet specially for the population belongs to the arid and semi-arid regions of the world. CM possess unique composition as compare to the cow milk with abundant amount of medium chain fatty acids in fat low lactose and higher concentration of whey protein and vitamin C. Besides the nutritional significance of CM, it also contains higher concentration of bioactive compounds including bioactive peptides, lactic acid bacteria (LAB), lactoferrin (LF), lactoperoxidase, lysozyme casein and immunoglobulin. Recently, CM and their bioactive compounds gaining more attention toward scientific community owing to their multiple health benefits, especially in the current era of emerging drug resistance and untold side effects of synthetic medicines. Consumption of fresh or fermented CM and its products presumed exceptional nutraceutical and medicinal properties, including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, anticancer and immunomodulatory activities. Moreover, CM isolated LAB exhibit antioxidant and probiotic effects leading to enhance the innate and adaptive immune response against both gram-negative and gram-positive pathogenic bacteria. The main objective of this review is to highlight the nutritional significance, pharmaceutical potential, medicinal value and salient beneficial health aspect of CM for human and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Asif Arain
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, Pakistan
- Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, Tandojam, Pakistan
| | - Gul Bahar Khaskheli
- Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, Tandojam, Pakistan
| | - Atta Hussain Shah
- Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, Tandojam, Pakistan
| | - Illahi Bakhash Marghazani
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Shabir Barham
- Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, Tandojam, Pakistan
| | - Qurban Ali Shah
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, Pakistan
| | - Faiz Muhammad Khand
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sakrand, Pakistan
| | - Jameel Ahmed Buzdar
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, Pakistan
| | - Feroza Soomro
- Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, Tandojam, Pakistan
| | - Sarfraz Ali Fazlani
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, Pakistan
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Shu J, Wang K, Zhao D, Zhou Y. Plumbagin induces apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and inhibits protein synthesis in LoVo colon cancer cells: A proteomic analysis. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:1075-1084. [PMID: 37558615 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Extracted from the roots of Plumbago zeylanica L., plumbagin is a natural naphthoquinone with potential as an anticancer compound. However, no studies have investigated its impact on LoVo (colon cancer) cells, and the specific mechanisms by which plumbagin exerts its anticancer effects remain to be established. The anticancer potential of plumbagin against LoVo cells was evaluated using a battery of assays, including MTT assay, clone formation assay, transwell chamber invasion assay, and wound-curing assay. Cell cycle analysis and cell apoptosis analysis were conducted to break down the anticancer impact of plumbagin on LoVo cells. A label-free proteomics technology was employed to investigate alterations in protein expression in LoVo cells treated with plumbagin. Our investigation indicated that plumbagin markedly inhibited the LoVo cells proliferation, and induced the apoptosis in LoVo cells, simultaneously induced G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest. The LC-MS/MS proteomics assay revealed 78 proteins that were differentially expressed upon treatment with plumbagin. Bioinformatics and functional analyses indicated that these proteins were predominantly involved in protein synthesis and translation. Our findings revealed that multiple mechanisms are involved in the anticancer activity of plumbagin against LoVo cells, resulting in decreased cell viability. Proteomic analysis suggests that plumbagin may impede protein synthesis by reducing the expression of eukaryotic initiation factors. Our findings demonstrate that plumbagin exerts its anticancer activity against LoVo cells through multiple mechanisms, including inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and disruption of protein synthesis. These results provide new insights into the therapeutic potential of plumbagin for colon cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlong Shu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaijie Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Danya Zhao
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanlin Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
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Spanoudaki M, Stoumpou S, Papadopoulou SK, Karafyllaki D, Solovos E, Papadopoulos K, Giannakoula A, Giaginis C. Amygdalin as a Promising Anticancer Agent: Molecular Mechanisms and Future Perspectives for the Development of New Nanoformulations for Its Delivery. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14270. [PMID: 37762572 PMCID: PMC10531689 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer rates are increasing, and cancer is one of the main causes of death worldwide. Amygdalin, also known as vitamin B17 (and laetrile, a synthetic compound), is a cyanogenic glycoside compound that is mainly found in the kernels and pulps of fruits. This compound has been proposed for decades as a promising naturally occurring substance which may provide anticancer effects. This is a comprehensive review which critically summarizes and scrutinizes the available studies exploring the anticancer effect of amygdalin, highlighting its potential anticancer molecular mechanisms as well as the need for a nontoxic formulation of this substance. In-depth research was performed using the most accurate scientific databases, e.g., PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science, applying effective, characteristic, and relevant keywords. There are several pieces of evidence to support the idea that amygdalin can exert anticancer effects against lung, breast, prostate, colorectal, cervical, and gastrointestinal cancers. Amygdalin has been reported to induce apoptosis of cancer cells, inhibiting cancer cells' proliferation and slowing down tumor metastatic spread. However, only a few studies have been performed in in vivo animal models, while clinical studies remain even more scarce. The current evidence cannot support a recommendation of the use of nutritional supplements with amygdalin due to its cyano-moiety which exerts adverse side effects. Preliminary data have shown that the use of nanoparticles may be a promising alternative to enhance the anticancer effects of amygdalin while simultaneously reducing its adverse side effects. Amygdalin seems to be a promising naturally occurring agent against cancer disease development and progression. However, there is a strong demand for in vivo animal studies as well as human clinical studies to explore the potential prevention and/or treatment efficiency of amygdalin against cancer. Moreover, amygdalin could be used as a lead compound by effectively applying recent developments in drug discovery processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Spanoudaki
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 54700 Sindos, Greece; (M.S.); (S.S.); (S.K.P.); (A.G.)
- Clinical Dietetics and Nutritional Department, 424 General Military Hospital, 56429 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Sofia Stoumpou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 54700 Sindos, Greece; (M.S.); (S.S.); (S.K.P.); (A.G.)
| | - Sousana K. Papadopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 54700 Sindos, Greece; (M.S.); (S.S.); (S.K.P.); (A.G.)
| | - Dimitra Karafyllaki
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42132 Trikala, Greece;
| | - Evangelos Solovos
- Orthopedic Department, 424 General Military Hospital, 56429 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.S.); (K.P.)
| | | | - Anastasia Giannakoula
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 54700 Sindos, Greece; (M.S.); (S.S.); (S.K.P.); (A.G.)
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Postharvest Physiology of Fruits, Department of Agriculture, International Hellenic University, 54700 Sindos, Greece
| | - Constantinos Giaginis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
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11
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Han EJ, Choi EY, Jeon SJ, Lee SW, Moon JM, Jung SH, Jung JY. Piperine Induces Apoptosis and Autophagy in HSC-3 Human Oral Cancer Cells by Regulating PI3K Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13949. [PMID: 37762259 PMCID: PMC10530752 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, therapies for treating oral cancer have various side effects; therefore, research on treatment methods employing natural substances is being conducted. This study aimed to investigate piperine-induced apoptosis and autophagy in HSC-3 human oral cancer cells and their effects on tumor growth in vivo. A 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay demonstrated that piperine reduced the viability of HSC-3 cells and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining, annexin-V/propidium iodide staining, and analysis of apoptosis-related protein expression confirmed that piperine induces apoptosis in HSC-3 cells. Additionally, piperine-induced autophagy was confirmed by the observation of increased acidic vesicular organelles and autophagy marker proteins, demonstrating that autophagy in HSC-3 cells induces apoptosis. Mechanistically, piperine induced apoptosis and autophagy by inhibiting the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway in HSC-3 cells. We also confirmed that piperine inhibits oral cancer tumor growth in vivo via antitumor effects related to apoptosis and PI3K signaling pathway inhibition. Therefore, we suggest that piperine can be considered a natural anticancer agent for human oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ji Han
- Laboratory Animal Science, Department of Companion, Kongju National University, Yesan-gun 32439, Republic of Korea; (E.-J.H.); (E.-Y.C.); (S.-J.J.); (S.-W.L.); (J.-M.M.); (S.-H.J.)
| | - Eun-Young Choi
- Laboratory Animal Science, Department of Companion, Kongju National University, Yesan-gun 32439, Republic of Korea; (E.-J.H.); (E.-Y.C.); (S.-J.J.); (S.-W.L.); (J.-M.M.); (S.-H.J.)
| | - Su-Ji Jeon
- Laboratory Animal Science, Department of Companion, Kongju National University, Yesan-gun 32439, Republic of Korea; (E.-J.H.); (E.-Y.C.); (S.-J.J.); (S.-W.L.); (J.-M.M.); (S.-H.J.)
| | - Sang-Woo Lee
- Laboratory Animal Science, Department of Companion, Kongju National University, Yesan-gun 32439, Republic of Korea; (E.-J.H.); (E.-Y.C.); (S.-J.J.); (S.-W.L.); (J.-M.M.); (S.-H.J.)
| | - Jun-Mo Moon
- Laboratory Animal Science, Department of Companion, Kongju National University, Yesan-gun 32439, Republic of Korea; (E.-J.H.); (E.-Y.C.); (S.-J.J.); (S.-W.L.); (J.-M.M.); (S.-H.J.)
| | - Soo-Hyun Jung
- Laboratory Animal Science, Department of Companion, Kongju National University, Yesan-gun 32439, Republic of Korea; (E.-J.H.); (E.-Y.C.); (S.-J.J.); (S.-W.L.); (J.-M.M.); (S.-H.J.)
| | - Ji-Youn Jung
- Laboratory Animal Science, Department of Companion, Kongju National University, Yesan-gun 32439, Republic of Korea; (E.-J.H.); (E.-Y.C.); (S.-J.J.); (S.-W.L.); (J.-M.M.); (S.-H.J.)
- Research Institute for Natural Products, Kongju National University, Yesan-gun 32439, Republic of Korea
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12
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Cimmino A, Fasciglione GF, Gioia M, Marini S, Ciaccio C. Multi-Anticancer Activities of Phytoestrogens in Human Osteosarcoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13344. [PMID: 37686148 PMCID: PMC10487502 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytoestrogens are plant-derived bioactive compounds with estrogen-like properties. Their potential health benefits, especially in cancer prevention and treatment, have been a subject of considerable research in the past decade. Phytoestrogens exert their effects, at least in part, through interactions with estrogen receptors (ERs), mimicking or inhibiting the actions of natural estrogens. Recently, there has been growing interest in exploring the impact of phytoestrogens on osteosarcoma (OS), a type of bone malignancy that primarily affects children and young adults and is currently presenting limited treatment options. Considering the critical role of the estrogen/ERs axis in bone development and growth, the modulation of ERs has emerged as a highly promising approach in the treatment of OS. This review provides an extensive overview of current literature on the effects of phytoestrogens on human OS models. It delves into the multiple mechanisms through which these molecules regulate the cell cycle, apoptosis, and key pathways implicated in the growth and progression of OS, including ER signaling. Moreover, potential interactions between phytoestrogens and conventional chemotherapy agents commonly used in OS treatment will be examined. Understanding the impact of these compounds in OS holds great promise for developing novel therapeutic approaches that can augment current OS treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Chiara Ciaccio
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’, Via Montpellier 1, I-00133 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (G.F.F.); (M.G.); (S.M.)
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13
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Apostolova S, Oreshkova T, Uzunova V, Georgieva I, Maslenkova L, Tzoneva R. A Standardized Extract of Petasites hybridus L., Containing the Active Ingredients Petasins, Acts as a Pro-Oxidant and Triggers Apoptosis through Elevating of NF-κB in a Highly Invasive Human Breast Cancer Cell Line. FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK 2023; 28:111. [PMID: 37395030 DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2806111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Common butterbur (Petasites hybridus L.) is a traditional medicinal plant with numerous therapeutic properties among which is its recently uncovered anti-tumor activity. The present study aims to examine the activity of a standardized Bulgarian Petasites hybridus L. root extract, containing the active ingredients petasins, on the human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 and non-cancerous MCF-10A cells. Specifically, we examined cell death, oxidative stress, and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling. METHODS A standardized butterbur powdered extract containing a minimum of 15% petasins was used. A lipophilic extract was obtained from subterranean portion of the plant of Bulgarian populations of Petasites hybridus using liquid-liquid extraction after completely removing pyrrolizidine alkaloids. The induction of apoptosis and necrosis was analyzed by flow cytometry, and oxidative stress biomarkers and NF-κB were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Petasites hybridus L. root extract triggered apoptosis in a cancer-specific fashion and induced a moderate oxidative stress characterized by diminished glutathione (GSH) levels and elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in MDA-MB-231 72 h after treatment. NF-κB levels were higher in cancer cells after treatment with IC50 and IC75 doses, this suggested that the NF-κB pathway was activated in response to oxidative stress leading to the induction of apoptosis. MCF-10A cells were affected to a lesser extent by the Petasites hybridus extract, and the adaptive response of their antioxidant defense system halted oxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these results indicate that Petasites hybridus L. root extract selectively acts as a pro-oxidant in breast cancer cells and thus represents a potential therapeutic option for cancer treatment with fewer side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Apostolova
- Laboratory of Transmembrane Signaling, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Tsvetelina Oreshkova
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction "Acad. Kiril Bratanov'', Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Veselina Uzunova
- Laboratory of Transmembrane Signaling, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Irina Georgieva
- Laboratory of Transmembrane Signaling, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Liliana Maslenkova
- Laboratory of Transmembrane Signaling, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Rumiana Tzoneva
- Laboratory of Transmembrane Signaling, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
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14
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Manoharan S, Deivendran B, Perumal E. Chemotherapeutic Potential of Saikosaponin D: Experimental Evidence. J Xenobiot 2022; 12:378-405. [PMID: 36547471 DOI: 10.3390/jox12040027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Saikosaponin D (SSD), an active compound derived from the traditional plant Radix bupleuri, showcases potential in disease management owing to its antioxidant, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory properties. The toxicological effects of SSD mainly include hepatotoxicity, neurotoxicity, hemolysis, and cardiotoxicity. SSD exhibits antitumor effects on multiple targets and has been witnessed in diverse cancer types by articulating various cell signaling pathways. As a result, carcinogenic processes such as proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis are inhibited, whereas apoptosis, autophagy, and differentiation are induced in several cancer cells. Since it reduces side effects and strengthens anti-cancerous benefits, SSD has been shown to have an additive or synergistic impact with chemo-preventive medicines. Regardless of its efficacy and benefits, the considerations of SSD in cancer prevention are absolutely under-researched due to its penurious bioavailability. Diverse studies have overcome the impediments of inadequate bioavailability using nanotechnology-based methods such as nanoparticle encapsulation, liposomes, and several other formulations. In this review, we emphasize the association of SSD in cancer therapeutics and the discussion of the mechanisms of action with the significance of experimental evidence.
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15
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Guo W, Huang S, An J, Zhang J, Dong F, Dang J, Zhang J. Ultrasound-Mediated Antitumor Therapy via Targeted Acoustic Release Carrier of Carbon Monoxide (TARC-CO). ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:50664-50676. [PMID: 36322480 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c16821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most valuable endogenous gas signaling molecules, carbon monoxide (CO) has been demonstrated in numerous studies to show excellent promise in the treatment of diseases, such as cancer. However, for many years, the inherent high affinity of CO for hemoglobin severely impeded the clinical transformation of CO-based treatments. Therefore, the controlled delivery of CO to target tissues has become a common challenge. Herein, an efficient ultrasonic-triggered and targeted CO release strategy was constructed based on a novel targeted acoustic release carrier of carbon monoxide (TARC-CO) that we synthesized in this study. The designed TARC-COs could afford a safe, stable, and ultrasound-guided delivery of CO in vivo by loading a specified dose of CO inside microbubbles, resulting in breast tumor suppression. Taking advantage of the high loading capacity of microbubbles, the unit volume of TARC-CO suspension could encapsulate up to 337.1 ± 8.0 (×103 ppm) of CO. In addition, the satisfactory ultrasound contrast-enhanced ability of TARC-COs achieved real-time interactive guidance and visual policing of CO delivery. For the in vitro antitumor study, TARC-COs with ultrasonic irradiation were demonstrated to effectively induce mitochondrial dysfunction by reducing mitochondrial membrane potential, leading to the apoptosis of 4T1 cells. In addition, we realized that TARC-CO-based treatment could significantly slow the growth rate of tumors by inducing apoptosis, inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells, and limiting tumor angiogenesis. In summary, this proof-of-concept study demonstrates the feasibility and tremendous potential of TARC-COs for controlled release of CO, which can be expected to provide new inspirations and a promising perspective for therapy based on active gases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Guo
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shuo Huang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jian An
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jiabin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Feihong Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jie Dang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jue Zhang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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16
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Ohishi T, Hayakawa S, Miyoshi N. Involvement of microRNA modifications in anticancer effects of major polyphenols from green tea, coffee, wine, and curry. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:7148-7179. [PMID: 35289676 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2038540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown that consumption of green tea, coffee, wine, and curry may contribute to a reduced risk of various cancers. However, there are some cancer site-specific differences in their effects; for example, the consumption of tea or wine may reduce bladder cancer risk, whereas coffee consumption may increase the risk. Animal and cell-based experiments have been used to elucidate the anticancer mechanisms of these compounds, with reactive oxygen species (ROS)-based mechanisms emerging as likely candidates. Chlorogenic acid (CGA), curcumin (CUR), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and resveratrol (RSV) can act as antioxidants that activate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) to downregulate ROS, and as prooxidants to generate ROS, leading to the downregulation of NF-κB. Polyphenols can modulate miRNA (miR) expression, with these dietary polyphenols shown to downregulate tumor-promoting miR-21. CUR, EGCG, and RSV can upregulate tumor-suppressing miR-16, 34a, 145, and 200c, but downregulate tumor-promoting miR-25a. CGA, EGCG, and RSV downregulate tumor-suppressing miR-20a, 93, and 106b. The effects of miRs may combine with ROS-mediated pathways, enhancing the anticancer effects of these polyphenols. More precise analysis is needed to determine how the different modulations of miRs by polyphenols relate to the cancer site-specific differences found in epidemiological studies related to the consumption of foods containing these polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomokazu Ohishi
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Numazu, Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Sumio Hayakawa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Miyoshi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
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17
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Zhu Y, Xie N, Chai Y, Nie Y, Liu K, Liu Y, Yang Y, Su J, Zhang C. Apoptosis Induction, a Sharp Edge of Berberine to Exert Anti-Cancer Effects, Focus on Breast, Lung, and Liver Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:803717. [PMID: 35153781 PMCID: PMC8830521 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.803717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the leading cause of death and one of the greatest barriers to increased life expectancy worldwide. Currently, chemotherapy with synthetic drugs remains one of the predominant ways for cancer treatment, which may lead to drug resistance and normal organ damage. Increasing researches have suggested that apoptosis, a type of programmed cell death, is a promising way for cancer therapy. Furthermore, natural products are important sources for finding new drugs with high availability, low cost and low toxicity. As a well-known isoquinoline alkaloid, accumulating evidence has revealed that berberine (BBR) exerts potential pro-apoptotic effects on multiple cancers, including breast, lung, liver, gastric, colorectal, pancreatic, and ovarian cancers. The related potential signal pathways are AMP-activated protein kinase, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and protein kinase B pathways. In this review, we provide a timely and comprehensive summary of the detailed molecular mechanisms of BBR in treating three types of cancer (breast, lung and liver cancer) by inducing apoptosis. Furthermore, we also discuss the existing challenges and strategies to improve BBR’s bioavailability. Hopefully, this review provides valuable information for the comprehension of BBR in treating three types of cancer and highlight the pro-apoptotic effects of BBR, which would be beneficial for the further development of this natural compound as an effective clinical drug for treating cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Na Xie
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yilu Chai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yisen Nie
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yufei Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinsong Su
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuantao Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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18
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Cai Y, Gao K, Peng B, Xu Z, Peng J, Li J, Chen X, Zeng S, Hu K, Yan Y. Alantolactone: A Natural Plant Extract as a Potential Therapeutic Agent for Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:781033. [PMID: 34899346 PMCID: PMC8664235 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.781033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alantolactone (ALT) is a natural compound extracted from Chinese traditional medicine Inula helenium L. with therapeutic potential in the treatment of various diseases. Recently, in vitro and in vivo studies have indicated cytotoxic effects of ALT on various cancers, including liver cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, etc. The inhibitory effects of ALT depend on several cancer-associated signaling pathways and abnormal regulatory factors in cancer cells. Moreover, emerging studies have reported several promising strategies to enhance the oral bioavailability of ALT, such as combining ALT with other herbs and using ALT-entrapped nanostructured carriers. In this review, studies on the anti-tumor roles of ALT are mainly summarized, and the underlying molecular mechanisms of ALT exerting anticancer effects on cells investigated in animal-based studies are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Cai
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kewa Gao
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bi Peng
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhijie Xu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Pathology, Xiangya Changde Hospital, Changde, China
| | - Jinwu Peng
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Pathology, Xiangya Changde Hospital, Changde, China
| | - Juanni Li
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xi Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuangshuang Zeng
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kuan Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuanliang Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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19
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Culurciello R, Bosso A, Di Fabio G, Zarrelli A, Arciello A, Carella F, Leonardi L, Pazzaglia L, De Vico G, Pizzo E. Cytotoxicity of an Innovative Pressurised Cyclic Solid-Liquid (PCSL) Extract from Artemisia annua. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13120886. [PMID: 34941723 PMCID: PMC8706793 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13120886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic treatments with Artemisia annua have a long-established tradition in various diseases due to its antibacterial, antioxidant, antiviral, anti-malaria and anti-cancer effects. However, in relation to the latter, virtually all reports focused on toxic effects of A. annua extracts were obtained mostly through conventional maceration methods. In the present study, an innovative extraction procedure from A. annua, based on pressurised cyclic solid–liquid (PCSL) extraction, resulted in the production of a new phytocomplex with enhanced anti-cancer properties. This extraction procedure generated a pressure gradient due to compressions and following decompressions, allowing to directly perform the extraction without any maceration. The toxic effects of A. annua PCSL extract were tested on different cells, including three cancer cell lines. The results of this study clearly indicate that the exposure of human, murine and canine cancer cells to serial dilutions of PCSL extract resulted in higher toxicity and stronger propensity to induce apoptosis than that detected by subjecting the same cells to Artemisia extracts obtained through canonical extraction by maceration. Collected data suggest that PCSL extract of A. annua could be a promising and economic new therapeutic tool to treat human and animal tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Culurciello
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (R.C.); (A.B.); (F.C.)
| | - Andrea Bosso
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (R.C.); (A.B.); (F.C.)
| | - Giovanni Di Fabio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (G.D.F.); (A.Z.); (A.A.)
| | - Armando Zarrelli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (G.D.F.); (A.Z.); (A.A.)
- Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-Environmental Technology (BAT CENTER), University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Arciello
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (G.D.F.); (A.Z.); (A.A.)
| | - Francesca Carella
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (R.C.); (A.B.); (F.C.)
| | - Leonardo Leonardi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine—Veterinary Pathology, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Laura Pazzaglia
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Gionata De Vico
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (R.C.); (A.B.); (F.C.)
- Correspondence: (G.D.V.); (E.P.)
| | - Elio Pizzo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (R.C.); (A.B.); (F.C.)
- Correspondence: (G.D.V.); (E.P.)
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Zhang S, He L, Shang J, Chen L, Xu Y, Chen X, Li X, Jiao Q, Jin S, Hu X, Liang W. Carvacrol Suppresses Human Osteosarcoma Cells via the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:1714-1722. [PMID: 34488595 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210901111932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carvacrol is a monoterpenic phenol extracted from traditional Chinese herbs, including oregano and thyme. Currently, carvacrol has been widely studied for its therapeutic role in central nervous system diseases, liver diseases and digestive system cancer. OBJECTIVE However, the role of carvacrol in osteosarcoma and its underlying molecular mechanism remain elusive. Here, we aimed to examine the anticancer effects of carvacrol on osteosarcoma. METHODS The effects of carvacrol on the osteosarcoma proliferation capacity were revealed by CCK-8 and colony formation assays. Flow cytometry and Hoechst assays were used to determine the effects of carvacrol on osteosarcoma cell apoptosis. The effect of carvacrol on migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells was determined by wound healing and transwell tests. Protein expression was evaluated by WB assays. The suppressive effects of carvacrol on osteosarcoma in vivo were examined by a xenograft animal model, immunohistochemistry and HE staining. RESULTS We demonstrated that carvacrol treatment reduced viability and inhibited the colony formation of U2OS and 143B cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Apoptotic cell number increased after exposure to carvacrol. Meanwhile, the expression of Bax increased, and that of Bcl-2 decreased by carvacrol treatment. In addition, the MMP-9 expression and migration and invasion of 143B and U2OS cells were inhibited by carvacrol. We also found that these carvacrol-induced effects on osteosarcoma are associated with the regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that carvacrol suppresses proliferation, migration, invasion and promotes apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells, in part by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songou Zhang
- Shaoxing University School of Medicine, No.900 Chennan Avenue, Yuecheng District, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang. China
| | - Lei He
- Shaoxing People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Zhongxing North Road, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang. China
| | - Jinxiang Shang
- Shaoxing People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Zhongxing North Road, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang. China
| | - Long Chen
- Shaoxing People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Zhongxing North Road, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang. China
| | - Yifan Xu
- Shaoxing People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Zhongxing North Road, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang. China
| | - Xiaozhen Chen
- Shaoxing University School of Medicine, No.900 Chennan Avenue, Yuecheng District, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang. China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Shaoxing People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Zhongxing North Road, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang. China
| | - Qingchuan Jiao
- Shaoxing University School of Medicine, No.900 Chennan Avenue, Yuecheng District, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang. China
| | - Songtao Jin
- Shaoxing People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Zhongxing North Road, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang. China
| | - Xujun Hu
- Shaoxing People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Zhongxing North Road, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang. China
| | - Wenqing Liang
- Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 355 Xinqiao Road, Dinghai District, Zhoushan 316000, Zhejiang Province. China
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Chen YH, Huang YC, Yang SF, Yen HH, Tsai HD, Hsieh MC, Hsiao YH. Pitavastatin and metformin synergistically activate apoptosis and autophagy in pancreatic cancer cells. Environ Toxicol 2021; 36:1491-1503. [PMID: 33886150 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is the seventh leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Metformin is the standard first-line of treatment for hyperglycemia in Type 2 diabetes, whereas pitavastatin is a cholesterol-lowering drug used to prevent cardiovascular diseases. Both these agents evidently exert anticancer effects on pancreatic cancer; however, it remains unclear whether cotreatment using them has additive or synergistic anticancer effects on pancreatic cancer. Thus, we herein used the ASPC-1 and PANC-1 cells and treated them with metformin and/or pitavastatin. We performed the cell viability assay, transwell migration assay, and cell cycle analysis using flow cytometry. Western blotting was used to determine protein levels. We found that cotreatment with metformin (30 mM) and pitavastatin (10 μM) significantly reduced cell viability; caused G0/G1 cell cycle arrest; upregulated the expression levels of Bax, PCNA, cleaved PARP-1, cleaved caspase-3, LC3 II, and p27 Kip1 /p21Cip1 ; and inhibited cell migration. The combination index value for cell viability indicated a synergistic interaction between metformin and pitavastatin. Moreover, cotreating the cells with metformin (30 mM) and pitavastatin (10 μM) could preserve mitochondrial function, activate AMPK, and inhibit PI3K/mTOR than treatment with metformin or pitavastatin alone. These findings clearly indicated that metformin plus pitavastatin had a synergistic anticancer effect on pancreatic cancer cells, potentially caused due to the activation of AMPK and inhibition of PI3K/mTOR signaling. Altogether, our results provide that use of metformin plus pitavastatin maybe serve as a chemotherapeutic agent for human pancreatic cancer in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Hui Chen
- Women's Health Research Laboratory, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chih Huang
- Department of Research, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Heng Yen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Der Tsai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chia Hsieh
- Intelligent Diabetes Metabolism and Exercise Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Hsiao
- Women's Health Research Laboratory, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
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22
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Mahmoud SS, Hussein S, Rashed H, Abdelghany EMA, Ali AI. Anticancer Effects of Tacrolimus on Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Mice. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2021; 15:434-445. [PMID: 34061012 DOI: 10.2174/1874467214666210531164546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tacrolimus is a calcineurin inhibitor widely used for immunological disorders. However, there is a significant controversy regarding its effect on the liver. The present study was conducted to evaluate the anticancer effects of tacrolimus on an induced murine hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) model and its possible hepatotoxicity at standard therapeutic doses. METHODS Fifty-four male mice were divided into five groups: a control healthy group, control HCC group, tacrolimus-treated group, doxorubicin (DOXO)-treated group, and combined tacrolimus- and DOXO-treated group. The activity of liver enzymes, including alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, lactate dehydrogenase, alanine transaminase, and aspartate transaminase, was determined. Serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was conducted to measure the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Bax, and p53 mRNA. Immunohistochemical staining for cyclin D1 and VEGF was performed. RESULTS Mice that received combined treatment with tacrolimus and DOXO exhibited the best improvement in all parameters when compared with the groups that received DOXO or tacrolimus alone (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The combination of DOXO and tacrolimus was more effective in the management of HCC compared with either agent alone. This improvement was detected by the reduction of liver enzymes and the improvement of the histopathological picture. The involved mechanisms included significant apoptosis induction demonstrated by upregulation of bax along with a reduction in angiogenesis demonstrated by downregulation of VEGF. This was accompanied by inhibition of cell cycle progression mediated by upregulated p53 and downregulated PCNA and cyclin D1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shireen Sami Mahmoud
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Samia Hussein
- Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Hayam Rashed
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Eman M A Abdelghany
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Alaa I Ali
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Vernazza S, Dellacasa E, Tirendi S, Pastorino L, Bassi AM. Lipoperoxide Nanoemulsion as Adjuvant in Cisplatin Cancer Therapy: In Vitro Study on Human Colon Adenocarcinoma DLD-1 Cells. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:1365. [PMID: 34064174 DOI: 10.3390/nano11061365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin is a first-choice chemotherapeutic agent used to treat solid tumors even though the onset of multi-drug resistance and the time-dose side-effects impair its mono-therapeutic application. Therefore, new drug-delivery approaches, based on nanomedicine strategies, are needed to enhance its therapeutic potential in favor of a dose-reduction of cisplatin. Polyunsaturated fatty acids and their metabolism-derived intermediates, as well as lipid peroxidation end-products, are used as adjuvants to improve the effectiveness of chemotherapy. Lipid hydroperoxides, derived from the oxidation of edible oils, can contribute to cell death, generating breakdown products (e.g., reactive aldehydes). In this regard, the aim of this present study was to evaluate an invitro combinatory strategy between a lecithin-based nanoemulsion system of K600, a patented mixture of peroxidated oil and peroxidated cholesterol, and cisplatin on DLD1 human adenocarcinoma cells. Our findings showed that nanoemulsions, acting in synergy with cisplatin, improve cisplatin bioactivity, in terms of enhancing its anti-cancer activity, towards DLD1 cells. Indeed, this combination approach, whilst maintaining cisplatin at low concentrations, induces a significant reduction in DLD1 cell viability, an increase in pro-apoptotic markers, and genotoxic damage. Therefore, K600 nanoemulsions as an efficient targeted delivery system of cisplatin allow for the reduction in the chemotherapeutic agent doses.
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Tronci L, Serreli G, Piras C, Frau DV, Dettori T, Deiana M, Murgia F, Santoru ML, Spada M, Leoni VP, Griffin JL, Vanni R, Atzori L, Caria P. Vitamin C Cytotoxicity and Its Effects in Redox Homeostasis and Energetic Metabolism in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Cell Lines. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:809. [PMID: 34065197 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High-dose of vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid, ascorbate) exhibits anti-tumoral effects, primarily mediated by pro-oxidant mechanisms. This cytotoxic effect is thought to affect the reciprocal crosstalk between redox balance and cell metabolism in different cancer types. Vitamin C also inhibits the growth of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) cells, although the metabolic and redox effects remain to be fully understood. To shed light on these aspects, PTC-derived cell lines harboring the most common genetic alterations characterizing this tumor were used. Cell viability, apoptosis, and the metabolome were explored by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide test (MTT), flow cytometry, and UHPLC/MS. Changes were observed in redox homeostasis, with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and perturbation in antioxidants and electron carriers, leading to cell death by both apoptosis and necrosis. The oxidative stress contributed to the metabolic alterations in both glycolysis and TCA cycle. Our results confirm the pro-oxidant effect of vitamin C as relevant in triggering the cytotoxicity in PTC cells and suggest that inhibition of glycolysis and alteration of TCA cycle via NAD+ depletion can play an important role in this mechanism of PTC cancer cell death.
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Mottaghi S, Abbaszadeh H. A comprehensive mechanistic insight into the dietary and estrogenic lignans, arctigenin and sesamin as potential anticarcinogenic and anticancer agents. Current status, challenges, and future perspectives. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:7301-7318. [PMID: 33905270 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1913568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A large body of evidence indicates that lignans as polyphenolic compounds are beneficial against life-threatening diseases such as cancer. Plant lignans have the potential to induce cancer cell death and interfere with carcinogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis. Epidemiological studies have revealed that the intake of lignans is inversely associated with the risk of several cancers. Moreover, numerous experimental studies demonstrate that natural lignans significantly suppress cancer cell proliferation with minimal toxicity against non-transformed cells. Dietary lignans arctigenin and sesamin have been found to have potent antiproliferative activities against various types of human cancer. The purpose of this review is to provide the reader with a deeper understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying anticancer effects of arctigenin and sesamin. Our review comprehensively describes the effects of arctigenin and sesamin on the signaling pathways and related molecules involved in cancer cell proliferation and invasion. The findings of present review show that the dietary lignans arctigenin and sesamin seem to be promising carcinopreventive and anticancer agents. These natural lignans can be used as dietary supplements and pharmaceuticals for prevention and treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayeh Mottaghi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hassan Abbaszadeh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Park C, Lee WS, Go SI, Jeong SH, Yoo J, Cha HJ, Lee YJ, Kim HS, Leem SH, Kim HJ, Kim GS, Hong SC, Choi YH. Apoptotic Effects of Anthocyanins from Vitis coignetiae Pulliat Are Enhanced by Augmented Enhancer of the Rudimentary Homolog (ERH) in Human Gastric Carcinoma MKN28 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3030. [PMID: 33809701 PMCID: PMC8002340 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that augmented expression of a certain gene can influence the efficacy of targeted and conventional chemotherapies. Here, we tested whether the high expression of enhancer of the rudimentary homolog (ERH), which serves as a prognostic factor in some cancers, can influence the efficacy of anthocyanins isolated from fruits of Vitis coignetiae Pulliat, Meoru in Korea (AIMs) on human gastric cancer cells. The anticancer efficacy of AIMs was augmented in ERH-transfected MKN28 cells (E-MKN28 cells). Molecularly, ERH augmented AIM-induced caspase-dependent apoptosis by activating caspase-3 and -9. The ERH-augmented apoptotic effect was related to mitochondrial depolarization and inhibition of antiapoptotic proteins, XIAP, and Bcl-2. In addition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was augmented in AIMs-treated E-MKN28 cells compared to AIMs-treated naïve MKN28 cells. In conclusion, ERH augmented AIM-induced caspase-dependent mitochondrial-related apoptosis in MKN28 cells. A decrease in expression of Bcl-2 and subsequent excessive ROS generation would be the mechanism for ERH-augmented mitochondrial-related apoptosis in AIMs-treated MKN28 cells. A decrease in expression of XIAP would be another mechanism for ERH-augmented caspase-dependent apoptosis in AIMs-treated MKN28 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheol Park
- Division of Basic Sciences, College of Liberal Studies, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Korea;
| | - Won Sup Lee
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju 660-702, Korea;
| | - Se-Il Go
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju 660-702, Korea;
| | - Sang-Ho Jeong
- Departments of Surgery, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju 660-702, Korea; (S.-H.J.); (Y.-J.L.); (S.-C.H.)
| | - Jiyun Yoo
- Department of Microbiology/Research Institute of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Jinju 660-701, Korea;
| | - Hee-Jae Cha
- Department of Parasitology and Genetics, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49267, Korea;
| | - Young-Joon Lee
- Departments of Surgery, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju 660-702, Korea; (S.-H.J.); (Y.-J.L.); (S.-C.H.)
| | - Heui-Soo Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea;
| | - Sun-Hee Leem
- Departments of Biology and Biomedical Science, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea;
| | - Hye Jung Kim
- Departments of Pharmacology, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju 660-702, Korea;
| | - Gon Sup Kim
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 Program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea;
| | - Soon-Chan Hong
- Departments of Surgery, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju 660-702, Korea; (S.-H.J.); (Y.-J.L.); (S.-C.H.)
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Korea
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27
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Nwabo Kamdje AH, Seke Etet PF, Simo Tagne R, Vecchio L, Lukong KE, Krampera M. Tumor Microenvironment Uses a Reversible Reprogramming of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells to Mediate Pro-tumorigenic Effects. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:545126. [PMID: 33330442 PMCID: PMC7710932 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.545126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in the tumor microenvironment is well described. Available data support that MSCs display anticancer activities, and that their reprogramming by cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment induces their switch toward pro-tumorigenic activities. Here we discuss the recent evidence of pro-tumorigenic effects of stromal cells, in particular (i) MSC support to cancer cells through the metabolic reprogramming necessary to maintain their malignant behavior and stemness, and (ii) MSC role in cancer cell immunosenescence and in the establishment and maintenance of immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment. We also discuss the mechanisms of tumor microenvironment mediated reprogramming of MSCs, including the effects of hypoxia, tumor stiffness, cancer-promoting cells, and tumor extracellular matrix. Finally, we summarize the emerging strategies for reprogramming tumor MSCs to reactivate anticancer functions of these stromal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armel H. Nwabo Kamdje
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMBS), University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
| | - Paul F. Seke Etet
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMBS), University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
- Center for Sustainable Health and Development, Garoua, Cameroon
| | - Richard Simo Tagne
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMBS), University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
| | - Lorella Vecchio
- Center for Sustainable Health and Development, Garoua, Cameroon
| | - Kiven Erique Lukong
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Mauro Krampera
- Section of Hematology, Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Soopramanien M, Khan NA, Abdalla SAO, Sagathevan K, Siddiqui R. Scorpion and Frog Organ Lysates are Potential Source of Antitumour Activity. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:3011-3018. [PMID: 33112561 PMCID: PMC7798147 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.10.3011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES It is noteworthy that several animal species are known to withstand high levels of radiation, and are exposed to heavy metals but rarely been reported to develop cancer. For example, the scorpion has been used as folk medicine in ancient civilizations of Iran and China, while amphibian skin is known to possess medicinal properties. Here, we elucidated the anti-tumour activity of the scorpion (Uropygi) and frog (Lithobates catesbeianus). MATERIALS AND METHODS Animals were procured and their organ lysates and sera were prepared and tested against Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 breast cancer (MCF-7), prostate cancer (PC3), Henrietta Lacks cervical cancer (HeLa), and normal human keratinocyte cells. Exoskeleton, appendages and hepatopancreas were dissected from the scorpion, whereas liver, lungs, heart, oviduct, gastrointestinal tract, gall bladder, kidneys, eggs and sera were collected from frog and organ lysates/sera were prepared. Growth inhibition assays and cytotoxicity assays were performed. RESULTS Appendages, exoskeleton lysates, and hepatopancreas from scorpion exhibited potent growth inhibition, and cytotoxic effects. Furthermore, lungs, liver, gastrointestinal tract, heart, oviduct, kidneys, eggs, and sera from frog displayed growth inhibition and cytotoxic effects. CONCLUSION Organ lysates, sera of scorpion, and amphibians possess anti-tumour activities. This is a worthy area of research as the molecular identity of the active molecule(s) together with their mechanism of action will lead to the rational development of novel anticancer agent(s).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Naveed Ahmed Khan
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, University City, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | | | - K Sagathevan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.
| | - Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, University City, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
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Calcabrini C, Maffei F, Turrini E, Fimognari C. Sulforaphane Potentiates Anticancer Effects of Doxorubicin and Cisplatin and Mitigates Their Toxic Effects. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:567. [PMID: 32425794 PMCID: PMC7207042 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The success of cancer therapy is often compromised by the narrow therapeutic index of many anticancer drugs and the occurrence of drug resistance. The association of anticancer therapies with natural compounds is an emerging strategy to improve the pharmaco-toxicological profile of cancer chemotherapy. Sulforaphane, a phytochemical found in cruciferous vegetables, targets multiple pathways involved in cancer development, as recorded in different cancers such as breast, brain, blood, colon, lung, prostate, and so forth. As examples to make the potentialities of the association chemotherapy raise, here we highlight and critically analyze the information available for two associations, each composed by a paradigmatic anticancer drug (cisplatin or doxorubicin) and sulforaphane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Calcabrini
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Rimini, Italy
| | - Francesca Maffei
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Rimini, Italy
| | - Eleonora Turrini
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Rimini, Italy
| | - Carmela Fimognari
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Rimini, Italy
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Kiruthiga C, Devi KP, Nabavi SM, Bishayee A. Autophagy: A Potential Therapeutic Target of Polyphenols in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030562. [PMID: 32121322 PMCID: PMC7139730 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a conserved biological phenomenon that maintains cellular homeostasis through the clearing of damaged cellular components under cellular stress and offers the cell building blocks for cellular survival. Aberrations in autophagy subsidize to various human pathologies, such as dementia, cardiovascular diseases, leishmaniosis, influenza, hepatic diseases, and cancer, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCC is the fifth common mortal type of liver cancer globally, with an inhomogeneous topographical distribution and highest incidence tripled in men than women. Existing treatment procedures with liver cancer patients result in variable success rates and poor prognosis due to their drug resistance and toxicity. One of the pathophysiological mechanisms that are targeted during the development of anti-liver cancer drugs is autophagy. Generally, overactivated autophagy may lead to a non-apoptotic form of programmed cell death (PCD) or autophagic cell death or type II PCD. Emerging evidence suggests that manipulation of autophagy could induce type II PCD in cancer cells, acting as a potential tumor suppressor. Hence, altering autophagic signaling offers new hope for the development of novel drugs for the therapy of resistant cancer cells. Natural polyphenolic compounds, including flavonoids and non-flavonoids, execute their anticarcinogenic mechanism through upregulating tumor suppressors and autophagy by modulating canonical (Beclin-1-dependent) and non-canonical (Beclin-1-independent) signaling pathways. Additionally, there is evidence signifying that plant polyphenols target angiogenesis and metastasis in HCC via interference with multiple intracellular signals and decrease the risk against HCC. The current review offers a comprehensive understanding of how natural polyphenolic compounds exhibit their anti-HCC effects through regulation of autophagy, the non-apoptotic mode of cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandramohan Kiruthiga
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University (Science Campus), Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Kasi Pandima Devi
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University (Science Campus), Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India;
- Correspondence: (K.P.D.); or (A.B.); Tel.: +91-4565223325 (K.P.D.); +1-941-782-5950 (A.B.)
| | - Seyed M. Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1435916471, Iran;
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
- Correspondence: (K.P.D.); or (A.B.); Tel.: +91-4565223325 (K.P.D.); +1-941-782-5950 (A.B.)
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Marková I, Koníčková R, Vaňková K, Leníček M, Kolář M, Strnad H, Hradilová M, Šáchová J, Rasl J, Klímová Z, Vomastek T, Němečková I, Nachtigal P, Vítek L. Anti-angiogenic effects of the blue-green alga Arthrospira platensis on pancreatic cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:2402-2415. [PMID: 31957261 PMCID: PMC7028863 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Arthrospira platensis, a blue-green alga, is a popular nutraceutical substance having potent antioxidant properties with potential anti-carcinogenic activities. The aim of our study was to assess the possible anti-angiogenic effects of A platensis in an experimental model of pancreatic cancer. The effects of an A platensis extract were investigated on human pancreatic cancer cells (PA-TU-8902) and immortalized endothelial-like cells (Ea.hy926). PA-TU-8902 pancreatic tumours xenografted to athymic mice were also examined. In vitro migration and invasiveness assays were performed on the tested cells. Multiple angiogenic factors and signalling pathways were analysed in the epithelial, endothelial and cancer cells, and tumour tissue. The A platensis extract exerted inhibitory effects on both migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer as well as endothelial-like cells. Tumours of mice treated with A platensis exhibited much lesser degrees of vascularization as measured by CD31 immunostaining (P = .004). Surprisingly, the VEGF-A mRNA and protein expressions were up-regulated in pancreatic cancer cells. A platensis inhibited ERK activation upstream of Raf and suppressed the expression of ERK-regulated proteins. Treatment of pancreatic cancer with A platensis was associated with suppressive effects on migration and invasiveness with various anti-angiogenic features, which might account for the anticancer effects of this blue-green alga.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Marková
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory DiagnosticsFaculty General Hospital and 1st Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Renata Koníčková
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory DiagnosticsFaculty General Hospital and 1st Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Kateřina Vaňková
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory DiagnosticsFaculty General Hospital and 1st Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Martin Leníček
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory DiagnosticsFaculty General Hospital and 1st Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Michal Kolář
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic
- Department of Informatics and ChemistryFaculty of Chemical TechnologyUniversity of Chemistry and TechnologyPragueCzech Republic
| | - Hynek Strnad
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic
| | - Miluše Hradilová
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic
| | - Jana Šáchová
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic
| | - Jan Rasl
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic
- Department of Cell BiologyFaculty of ScienceCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Zuzana Klímová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic
| | - Tomáš Vomastek
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic
| | - Ivana Němečková
- Department of Biological and Medical SciencesFaculty of Pharmacy in Hradec KraloveCharles UniversityHradec KrálovéCzech Republic
| | - Petr Nachtigal
- Department of Biological and Medical SciencesFaculty of Pharmacy in Hradec KraloveCharles UniversityHradec KrálovéCzech Republic
| | - Libor Vítek
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory DiagnosticsFaculty General Hospital and 1st Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
- 4th Department of Internal MedicineFaculty General Hospital and 1st Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
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32
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Zheng J, He J, Liao S, Cheng Z, Lin J, Huang K, Li X, Zheng K, Chen X, Lin L, Xia F, Liu J, Xu M, Chen T, Huang X, Cao X, Yang Z. Preventive effects of combinative natural foods produced by elite crop varieties rich in anticancer effects on N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:339-355. [PMID: 30680188 PMCID: PMC6341211 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The World Cancer Research Fund International has released 32 anticancer effects (ACEs) that targeted every stage of cancer processes. Thus, we designed two formulas of natural food combination Diet I and Diet II, mainly produced by elite crop varieties rich in ACEs with different mixture ratios, and evaluated their cancer preventive effects on N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA)-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. After 20 weeks of dietary intervention, Diet I and Diet II reduced incidence, size, and number of hepatic nodules (p < 0.01) and prevented hepatic tumor formation in NDEA-induced hepatocarcinogenesis rats. Low-grade hepatic dysplasia incidence was 20% for Diet II and 40% for Diet I, and apparent hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) rates were both 0, while 90% HCC in control diet treatment group (p < 0.01). Diet I and Diet II ameliorated abnormal liver function enzymes, reduced serum alpha fetal protein, tumor-specific growth factor, dickkopf-related protein 1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 levels, regulated hepatic phase I and II xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes, enhanced antioxidant capacity, suppressed NDEA-initiated oxidative DNA damage, and induced apoptosis coupled to down-regulation of proinflammatory, invasion, and angiogenesis markers. Daily intake of combination diet produced from ACEs-rich elite crop varieties can effectively prevent or delay occurrence and development of NDEA-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingui Zheng
- Agricultural Product Quality InstituteFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Jun He
- Institute of Laboratory Animal ScienceChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Sufeng Liao
- Agricultural Product Quality InstituteFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Zuxin Cheng
- Agricultural Product Quality InstituteFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Jinke Lin
- Anxi College of Tea ScienceFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Ke Huang
- College of Horticulture and LandscapeHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Xiaocen Li
- Institute of Laboratory Animal ScienceChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Kaibin Zheng
- Institute of Sub‐tropical AgricultureFujian Academy of Agricultural SciencesFuzhouChina
| | - Xuanyang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry for Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of CropsFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Lihui Lin
- Agricultural Product Quality InstituteFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Fagang Xia
- Key Laboratory of Ministry for Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of CropsFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Jianghong Liu
- Agricultural Product Quality InstituteFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Ming Xu
- Agricultural Product Quality InstituteFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Tuansheng Chen
- Agricultural Product Quality InstituteFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Xinying Huang
- Agricultural Product Quality InstituteFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Xiaohua Cao
- Agricultural Product Quality InstituteFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Zhijian Yang
- Agricultural Product Quality InstituteFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
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33
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Chen B, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Chen S, Xu A, Wu L, Xu S. Involvement of telomerase activity inhibition and telomere dysfunction in silver nanoparticles anticancer effects. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2018; 13:2067-2082. [PMID: 30203702 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2018-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the possible mechanisms of telomerase and telomere underlying the anticancer effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). MATERIALS & METHODS 25nm polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated AgNPs were used. The telomerase activity and telomere function were evaluated. The anticancer effects of AgNPs were gauged with cell viability assay under different statement of telomerase and telomere. RESULTS & CONCLUSION AgNPs could inhibit telomerase activity and lead to telomere shortening and dysfunction. Overexpression of telomerase attenuated the anticancer activity of AgNPs, whereas downregulation of telomerase activity or dysfunction of the telomere enhanced the cytotoxicity of AgNPs in HeLa cells. Our findings provided strong evidence that the anticancer effects of AgNPs were mediated via interference with the telomerase/telomere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Chen
- School of Environmental Science & Optoelectronic Technology, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China.,Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field & Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, PR China
| | - Yajun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field & Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, PR China.,Institute of Physical & Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, PR China
| | - Yaning Yang
- School of Environmental Science & Optoelectronic Technology, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China.,Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field & Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, PR China
| | - Shaopeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field & Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, PR China.,Institute of Physical & Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, PR China
| | - An Xu
- School of Environmental Science & Optoelectronic Technology, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China.,Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field & Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, PR China.,Institute of Physical & Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, PR China
| | - Lijun Wu
- School of Environmental Science & Optoelectronic Technology, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China.,Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field & Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology & Pollution Control Technology of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, PR China.,Institute of Physical & Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, PR China
| | - Shengmin Xu
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field & Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology & Pollution Control Technology of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, PR China
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34
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Li X, Wang YH, Yan TC, Xu HL, Yan HL, He LY, He LY, Ying X. [Preparation of hispidulin chitosan microsphere and its antiproliferation effect in vitro]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2018; 43:2690-2696. [PMID: 30111018 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20180514.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Hispidulin(HPDL) chitosan microspheres were prepared in this study to deliver HPDL to the lesion sitevia intravenous injection, and further evaluate their anticancer effects in vitro and the growth inhibition effect on A549 cells spheroids. HPDL chitosan microspheres were prepared by emulsion crosslinking method with chitosan as a drug carrier and the amount of HPDL was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The morphology of microspheres was observed under laser scanning confocal microscope. Additionally, the drug release amount of targeting microspheres was detected by dialysis method. Furthermore, the anti-proliferative effects against A549 lung cancer cells were tested by sulforhodamine B (SRB) method, and the effects of HPDL chitosan micrpsphereson early apoptosis of A549 cellswere determined by flow cytometry. A549 cells tumor spheroids were developed in vitro and then HPDL chitosan microspheres were added. On the 0, 1, 3, 7 d after adding the drugs, the inverted microscope was used to observe the mythologicaland volume changes of A549 cells spheroids. The encapsulation efficiency of HPDL chitosan microspheres was (75.32±0.52)%, and the drug loading amount was (7.76±0.67)%. Meanwhile, the microspheres were round shaped andhad smooth surface. The HPDL chitosan microspheres exhibited stronger inhibitory effects on A549 lung cancer cells. The results of flow cytometry indicated that, the early apoptosis rate of lung cancer A549 cells was (37.0±0.75)% at 24 h cells culture after drug administration. The volume of tumor spheroid was significantly inhibited, which had been shrunk by (50.09±11.06)% after the treatment by drug-loaded microsphere at day 7 as compared with blank group; meanwhile, the cells surface were obviously lysed. The preparation method in this research was simple and practicable, and the microspheres prepared with this method were round and smooth, with high encapsulation efficiency, which can significantly inhibit proliferation of lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells and induce cell apoptosis, and at the same time can cause lysisand death of A549 cell tumor spheroid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resources Utilization, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Ya-Hua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resources Utilization, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Tian-Ci Yan
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resources Utilization, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Hao-Lun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resources Utilization, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - He-Lu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resources Utilization, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Lan-Yu He
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resources Utilization, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Lan-Yu He
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resources Utilization, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Xue Ying
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resources Utilization, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
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35
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Abdul Wahab SM, Jantan I, Haque MA, Arshad L. Exploring the Leaves of Annona muricata L. as a Source of Potential Anti-inflammatory and Anticancer Agents. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:661. [PMID: 29973884 PMCID: PMC6019487 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of anti-inflammatory natural products to treat inflammatory disorders for cancer prevention and therapy is an appealing area of interest in the last decades. Annona muricata L. is one of the many plant extracts that have been explored owing to their anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects. Different parts of A. muricata especially the leaves have been used for various ethnomedicinal purposes by traditional healers to treat several diseases including cancer, inflammation, diabetes, liver diseases, and abscesses. Some of these experience-based claims on the use of the plant have been transformed into evidence-based information by scientific investigations. The leaves of the plant have been extensively investigated for its diverse pharmacological aspects and found eminent for anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. However, most studies were not on the bioactive isolates which were responsible for the activities but were based on crude extracts of the plant. In this comprehensive review, all significant findings from previous investigations till date on the leaves of A. muricata, specifically on their anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities have been compiled. The toxicology of the plant which has been shown to be due to the presence of neurotoxic annaceous acetogenins and benzyltetrahydro-isoquinoline alkaloids has also been updated to provide recent information on its safety aspects. The present knowledge of the plant has been critically assessed, aimed at providing direction toward improving its prospect as a source of potential anti-inflammatory and anticancer agents. The analysis will provide a new path for ensuring research on this plant to discover new agents to treat inflammatory diseases and cancer. Further in vitro and in vivo studies should be carried out to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying their anti-inflammatory responses in relation to anticancer activity and more detail toxicity study to ensure they are safe for human consumption. Sufficient preclinical data and safety data generated will allow clinical trials to be pursued on this plant and its bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Mariam Abdul Wahab
- Drug and Herbal Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ibrahim Jantan
- Drug and Herbal Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Md Areeful Haque
- Drug and Herbal Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Laiba Arshad
- Drug and Herbal Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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36
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Giampieri F, Gasparrini M, Forbes-Hernandez TY, Mazzoni L, Capocasa F, Sabbadini S, Alvarez-Suarez JM, Afrin S, Rosati C, Pandolfini T, Molesini B, Sánchez-Sevilla JF, Amaya I, Mezzetti B, Battino M. Overexpression of the Anthocyanidin Synthase Gene in Strawberry Enhances Antioxidant Capacity and Cytotoxic Effects on Human Hepatic Cancer Cells. J Agric Food Chem 2018; 66:581-592. [PMID: 29291263 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Food fortification through the increase and/or modulation of bioactive compounds has become a major goal for preventing several diseases, including cancer. Here, strawberry lines of cv. Calypso transformed with a construct containing an anthocyanidin synthase (ANS) gene were produced to study the effects on anthocyanin biosynthesis, metabolism, and transcriptome. Three strawberry ANS transgenic lines (ANS L5, ANS L15, and ANS L18) were analyzed for phytochemical composition and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and their fruit extracts were assessed for cytotoxic effects on hepatocellular carcinoma. ANS L18 fruits had the highest levels of total phenolics and flavonoids, while those of ANS L15 had the highest anthocyanin concentration; TAC positively correlated with total polyphenol content. Fruit transcriptome was also specifically affected in the polyphenol biosynthesis and in other related metabolic pathways. Fruit extracts of all lines exerted cytotoxic effects in a dose/time-dependent manner, increasing cellular apoptosis and free radical levels and impairing mitochondrial functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tamara Y Forbes-Hernandez
- Área de Nutrición y Salud, Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana (UNINI) , Campeche C.P.24040, México
| | | | | | | | - Josè M Alvarez-Suarez
- Grupo de Investigación en Biotecnologı́a Aplicada a Biomedicina (BIOMED), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Las Américas , Campus Queri - Bloque 7 - Planta Baja, EC170125 Quito, Ecuador
| | | | - Carlo Rosati
- ENEA Trisaia Research Center, S.S. 106 km 419.5, 75026 Rotondella, Matera, Italy
| | - Tiziana Pandolfini
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università di Verona , Verona, 37129 Italy
| | - Barbara Molesini
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università di Verona , Verona, 37129 Italy
| | - José F Sánchez-Sevilla
- Instituto Andaluz de Investigación y Formación Agraria y Pesquera, IFAPA-Centro de Churriana , Cortijo de la Cruz s/n, 29140 Málaga, Spain
| | - Iraida Amaya
- Instituto Andaluz de Investigación y Formación Agraria y Pesquera, IFAPA-Centro de Churriana , Cortijo de la Cruz s/n, 29140 Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Maurizio Battino
- Centre for Nutrition & Health, Universidad Europea del Atlantico (UEA) , 39011 Santander, Spain
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37
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Wang F, Chen J, Dai W, He Z, Zhai D, Chen W. Pharmacokinetic studies and anticancer activity of curcumin-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers. Acta Pharm 2017; 67:357-371. [PMID: 28858837 DOI: 10.1515/acph-2017-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In order to investigate the potential of nanostructured lipid carriers for efficient and targeted delivery of curcumin, the pharmacokinetic parameters of curcumin-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (Cur-NLC) were evaluated in rats after a single intraperitoneal dose of Cur-NLC. In addition, the anticancer activity of Cur-NLC against human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells was verified by a cellular uptake study, and a cytotoxicity and apoptosis assay. Bioavailability of Cur-NLC was better than that of native curcumin (p > 0.01), as seen from the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC), maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), mean residence time (MRT) and total plasma clearance (CLz/F). Cur-NLC has a more obvious lung-targeting property in comparison with native curcumin. Cur-NLC showed higher anticancer activity in vitro against A549 cells than native curcumin (IC50 value of 5.66 vs. 9.81 mg L-1, respectively). Meanwhile, Cur-NLC treated A549 cells showed a higher apoptosis rate compared to that of native curcumin. These results indicate that NLC is a promising system for the delivery of curcumin in the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengling Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei , Hefei 230011 , Anhui, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Pharmacokinetics , Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei 230012 , Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei , Hefei 230011 , Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenting Dai
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei , Hefei 230011 , Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengmin He
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei , Hefei 230011 , Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dandan Zhai
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei , Hefei 230011 , Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weidong Chen
- Institute of Pharmacokinetics , Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei 230012 , Anhui, People’s Republic of China
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38
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Huo M, Liu Y, Wang L, Yin T, Qin C, Xiao Y, Yin L, Liu J, Zhou J. Redox-Sensitive Micelles Based on O,N-Hydroxyethyl Chitosan-Octylamine Conjugates for Triggered Intracellular Delivery of Paclitaxel. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:1750-62. [PMID: 27100204 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A redox-sensitive micellar system constructed from an O,N-hydroxyethyl chitosan-octylamine (HECS-ss-OA) conjugate with disulfide linkages between the hydrophobic alkyl chains and hydrophilic chitosan backbone was synthesized for triggered intracellular delivery of hydrophobic paclitaxel (PTX). In aqueous environments, conjugates formed micelles with high PTX loading (>30%). Mechanistically, the sensitivity of HECS-ss-OA micelles to reducing environments was investigated using the parameters of in vitro release and particle size. Intracellular release of nile red fluorescence alongside cytotoxicity studies further confirmed the potency of redox-sensitive micelles for intracellular drug delivery compared with redox-insensitive micelles. Additionally, an in vivo study confirmed the efficacy of PTX-loaded micelles in tumor-bearing mice with superior antitumor efficacy and diminished systemic toxicity when compared with the redox-insensitive micelles and a PTX solution. These results demonstrate the potential of redox-sensitive HECS-ss-OA micelles for intracellular trafficking of lipophilic anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meirong Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Tingjie Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chen Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yanyu Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lifang Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jiyong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jianping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
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39
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Takahashi K, Hosokawa M, Kasajima H, Hatanaka K, Kudo K, Shimoyama N, Miyashita K. Anticancer effects of fucoxanthin and fucoxanthinol on colorectal cancer cell lines and colorectal cancer tissues. Oncol Lett 2015; 10:1463-1467. [PMID: 26622691 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the most malignant neoplasms worldwide. Fucoxanthin is a carotenoid present in the chloroplasts of brown seaweeds. In the present study, the anticancer effects of fucoxanthin and its metabolite, fucoxanthinol, on 6 colorectal cancer cell lines and 20 tissue samples from surgically resected clinical colorectal cancer specimens were examined using a collagen-gel droplet embedded culture drug sensitivity test (CD-DST). The in vitro sensitivity to fucoxanthin, fucoxanthinol and the anticancer drugs is expressed as T/C (%), where T is the absorbance of cells which stained by neutral red treated with carotenoids and C is the absorbance of non-staining cells. Fucoxanthin and fucoxanthinol decreased the T/C (%) of Caco-2, WiDr, HCT116, and DLD-1 cell lines at doses of 20 µM. Fucoxanthinol also decreased the T/C (%) of SW620 cells, while the T/C (%) of Colo205 cells was not reduced by treatment with either carotenoid. Specifically, the T/C (%) of Caco-2 and WiDr cells, which were incubated in carotenoid-free medium for 6 days following treatment with 20 µM fucoxanthinol for 24 h, was markedly decreased to 1.4±0.2 and 12.0±0.3%, respectively. Furthermore, fucoxanthin and fucoxanthinol decreased the T/C (%) in colorectal cancer tissue samples. Notably, 20 µM fucoxanthinol treatment resulted in a higher proportion of colorectal cancer samples with a T/C (%) of <50% (13/20, 65%) compared with samples treated with 20 µM fucoxanthin (2/20, 10%). The median T/C (%) value of 35.1% for the 20 cancers specimens treated with 20 µM fucoxanthinol was lower than the median T/C (%) values of 86.3% and 75.8% for those treated with fluorouracil and paclitaxel, respectively. These results suggested that fucoxanthin and fucoxanthinol may be of use as chemotherapeutic agents in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuto Takahashi
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan ; Department of Clinical Pathology, Hakodate Municipal Hospital, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8680, Japan
| | - Masashi Hosokawa
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kasajima
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Hakodate Municipal Hospital, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8680, Japan
| | - Kazuteru Hatanaka
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Hakodate Municipal Hospital, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8680, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kudo
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Hakodate Municipal Hospital, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8680, Japan
| | - Norihiko Shimoyama
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Hakodate Municipal Hospital, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8680, Japan
| | - Kazuo Miyashita
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
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40
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Jiang QW, Chen MW, Cheng KJ, Yu PZ, Wei X, Shi Z. Therapeutic Potential of Steroidal Alkaloids in Cancer and Other Diseases. Med Res Rev 2015; 36:119-43. [PMID: 25820039 DOI: 10.1002/med.21346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Steroidal alkaloids are a class of secondary metabolites isolated from plants, amphibians, and marine invertebrates. Evidence accumulated in the recent two decades demonstrates that steroidal alkaloids have a wide range of bioactivities including anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, etc., suggesting their great potential for application. It is therefore necessary to comprehensively summarize the bioactivities, especially anticancer activities and mechanisms of steroidal alkaloids. Here we systematically highlight the anticancer profiles both in vitro and in vivo of steroidal alkaloids such as dendrogenin, solanidine, solasodine, tomatidine, cyclopamine, and their derivatives. Furthermore, other bioactivities of steroidal alkaloids are also discussed. The integrated molecular mechanisms in this review can increase our understanding on the utilization of steroidal alkaloids and contribute to the development of new drug candidates. Although the therapeutic potentials of steroidal alkaloids look promising in the preclinical and clinical studies, further pharmacokinetic and clinical studies are mandated to define their efficacy and safety in cancer and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Wei Jiang
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Mei-Wan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, 519000, China
| | - Ke-Jun Cheng
- Chemical Biology Center, Lishui Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Lishui, 323000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pei-Zhong Yu
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xing Wei
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi Shi
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
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Wang Z, Zhu S, Zhang G, Liu S. Inhibition of autophagy enhances the anticancer activity of bortezomib in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells. Am J Cancer Res 2015; 5:639-650. [PMID: 25973303 PMCID: PMC4396044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) remains a challenging disease to treat in adults because of the high rates of relapse and refractory. Bortezomib, as a proteasome inhibitor, exerts obvious cytotoxicity against ALL cells and increases the sensitivity of ALL cells to conventional chemotherapeutic agents. We observed that bortezomib inhibited proliferation, induced apoptosis, arrested the cell cycle and induced autophagy in the Nalm-6 cell line and CD34(+) primary cells. Additionally, we demonstrated that bortezomib promoted the disruption of the Bcl-2/Beclin-1 complex and increased the formation of the Beclin-1/PI3KC3 complex, leading to the initiation of autophagy. Autophagy inhibitors were employed in this study, and we found that autophagy inhibitors enhanced the anti-ALL activity of bortezomib. Taken together, these results revealed that autophagy protected B-ALL cells against the cytotoxicity of bortezomib and, in combination with autophagy inhibitors, can enhance the anticancer effects of bortezomib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Wang
- Division of Hematology, Institution of Molecular Hematology, The Second XiangYa Hospital, Central South University China
| | - Shicong Zhu
- Division of Hematology, Institution of Molecular Hematology, The Second XiangYa Hospital, Central South University China
| | - Guangsen Zhang
- Division of Hematology, Institution of Molecular Hematology, The Second XiangYa Hospital, Central South University China
| | - Sufang Liu
- Division of Hematology, Institution of Molecular Hematology, The Second XiangYa Hospital, Central South University China
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