1
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Djerdjouri A, Abbad M, Boumrah Y, Malik S, Makhzoum A, Lakhdar K. Tapping the potential of Calotropis procera hairy roots for cardiac glycosides production and their identification using UHPLC/QTOF-MS. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:199. [PMID: 39144068 PMCID: PMC11319682 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-04035-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The present work deals with the establishment of hairy root cultures from different explants of C. procera using Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain A4. A high transformation frequency (95%) was obtained from leaves followed by cotyledons (81.6%) and hypocotyls (38.3%). Genetic transformation of hairy roots was confirmed through PCR by amplifying a 400 bp fragment of the rolB gene. Hairy roots were highly branched, possessed plagiotropic and rapid growth on hormone-free ½ B5 medium. Ten cardiac glycosides, including calotropagenin, calotoxin, frugoside, coroglaucigenin, calotropin, calactin, uzarigenin, asclepin, uscharidin, and uscharin, based on their specific masses and fragmentation properties were identified in ethanolic extracts of hairy roots by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry UHPLC/QTOF-MS. This protocol could be used as a powerful tool for large-scale in vitro production of highly valued cardiac glycosides and for further transcriptomics or metabolomics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Djerdjouri
- École Nationale Supérieure Agronomique (ES1603), Laboratoire des Ressources Génétiques et Biotechnologie, 16200 Alger, Algérie
| | - Mohamed Abbad
- Université de Blida1, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Département des Biotechnologies, Laboratoire de biotechnologie des productions végétales, Blida, BP 270, Route de Soumaâ, 09000 Algérie
| | - Yacine Boumrah
- Institut National de Criminalistique et de Criminologie, (INCC/GN), Bouchaoui, Alger, Algérie
| | - Sonia Malik
- Department of Biotechnology, Baba Farid College, Bathinda, India
| | - Abdullah Makhzoum
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Palapye, Botswana
| | - Khelifi Lakhdar
- École Nationale Supérieure Agronomique (ES1603), Laboratoire des Ressources Génétiques et Biotechnologie, 16200 Alger, Algérie
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2
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Suzuki S, Saito S, Narushima Y, Kodani S, Kagaya N, Suenaga H, Shin-Ya K, Arai MA. Notch activator cyclopiazonic acid induces apoptosis in HL-60 cells through calcineurin activation. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2024; 77:30-38. [PMID: 37938761 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-023-00673-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
We screened a library of microbial extracts and compounds library using our constructed assay cells and found pulicatins F (1) and G (2), and cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) (3) as Notch activators. Pulicatin F (1) and (±)-pulicatin G were synthesized and their activities were evaluated. Notch activation of CPA (3) was investigated using Western blot and RT-PCR. CPA (3) increased protein level of HES1 and mRNA expression of HES1. Also, the expression of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3), which was known to inhibit apoptosis, was also inhibited by CPA (3) addition. The Notch activation by CPA (3) and cytotoxicity against HL-60 were clearly canceled by addition of FK506, which is an inhibitor of calcineurin (CaN). In addition, it was revealed that CPA (3) induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiina Suzuki
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Shun Saito
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Yuki Narushima
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Shunta Kodani
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Noritaka Kagaya
- Technology Research Association for Next Generation Natural Products Chemistry, 2-4-7 Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-0064, Japan
| | - Hikaru Suenaga
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 2-4-7 Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-0064, Japan
| | - Kazuo Shin-Ya
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 2-4-7 Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-0064, Japan
| | - Midori A Arai
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 223-8522, Japan.
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3
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Saito S, Suzuki S, Arai MA. Noaoxazole, a new heat shock metabolite produced by thermotolerant Streptomyces sp. HR41. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2022; 75:509-513. [PMID: 35918479 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-022-00551-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The thermotolerant strain Streptomyces sp. HR41 was found to produce compound 1 only in a 45 °C culture, and not at the standard temperature. We previously designated this type of compound as a "heat shock metabolite" (HSM). NMR and MS analytical techniques were used to determine that the chemical structure of 1 comprised a methylated-oxazole ring and a linear chain moiety modified with a terminal amide group. Thus, 1 was shown to be a new curromycin analog, which we have designated noaoxazole (1). Compound 1 weakly activated Notch signal reporter activity without exhibiting cytotoxicity against assay cells at the same concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Saito
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan.
| | - Shiina Suzuki
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Midori A Arai
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan.
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4
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Makita Y, Saito S, Tsuchiya A, Ishibashi M, Arai MA. Identification of 1β,2α-epoxytagitinin C as a Notch inhibitor, oxidative stress mechanism and its anti-leukemia activity. J Nat Med 2021; 76:234-243. [PMID: 34779991 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-021-01584-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Notch signaling plays crucial roles in cell differentiation and proliferation, but aberrant activation of this signaling results in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Notch signaling is thus a promising drug target for oncotherapy, and the development of Notch signaling inhibitors is eagerly awaited. Notch inhibitory activity-guided fractionation of a Spilanthes acmella extract led to the identification of five sesquiterpene lactones: tagitinin A (1), 1β,2α-epoxytagitinin C (2), tagitinin C (3), orizabin (4), and 2α-hydroxytirotundin (5). 1β,2α-Epoxytagitinin C (2) exhibited Notch signaling inhibition, with an IC50 of 25.6 μM, and was further evaluated for its activity against HPB-ALL, a Notch-activated leukemia cell line. Compound 2 showed potent cytotoxicity against HPB-ALL (IC50 1.7 μM) and arrested the cell cycle at the G2/M phase, but did not induce apoptotic cell death. Notch inhibitory mechanism analysis suggested that compound 2 transcriptionally suppresses Notch1 mRNA. In addition, we found that oxidative stress induction is critical for Notch signaling inhibition and the cytotoxicity of compound 2. This is the first mechanism of small molecule Notch inhibition. Our results demonstrate that 1β,2α-epoxytagitinin C (2) is a potential anti-leukemia agent and further investigation of this compound is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Makita
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1, Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
| | - Shun Saito
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1, Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Anna Tsuchiya
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
| | - Masami Ishibashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
| | - Midori A Arai
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1, Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan.
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5
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Zhdanovskaya N, Firrincieli M, Lazzari S, Pace E, Scribani Rossi P, Felli MP, Talora C, Screpanti I, Palermo R. Targeting Notch to Maximize Chemotherapeutic Benefits: Rationale, Advanced Strategies, and Future Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13205106. [PMID: 34680255 PMCID: PMC8533696 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The Notch signaling pathway regulates cell proliferation, apoptosis, stem cell self-renewal, and differentiation in a context-dependent fashion both during embryonic development and in adult tissue homeostasis. Consistent with its pleiotropic physiological role, unproper activation of the signaling promotes or counteracts tumor pathogenesis and therapy response in distinct tissues. In the last twenty years, a wide number of studies have highlighted the anti-cancer potential of Notch-modulating agents as single treatment and in combination with the existent therapies. However, most of these strategies have failed in the clinical exploration due to dose-limiting toxicity and low efficacy, encouraging the development of novel agents and the design of more appropriate combinations between Notch signaling inhibitors and chemotherapeutic drugs with improved safety and effectiveness for distinct types of cancer. Abstract Notch signaling guides cell fate decisions by affecting proliferation, apoptosis, stem cell self-renewal, and differentiation depending on cell and tissue context. Given its multifaceted function during tissue development, both overactivation and loss of Notch signaling have been linked to tumorigenesis in ways that are either oncogenic or oncosuppressive, but always context-dependent. Notch signaling is critical for several mechanisms of chemoresistance including cancer stem cell maintenance, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, tumor-stroma interaction, and malignant neovascularization that makes its targeting an appealing strategy against tumor growth and recurrence. During the last decades, numerous Notch-interfering agents have been developed, and the abundant preclinical evidence has been transformed in orphan drug approval for few rare diseases. However, the majority of Notch-dependent malignancies remain untargeted, even if the application of Notch inhibitors alone or in combination with common chemotherapeutic drugs is being evaluated in clinical trials. The modest clinical success of current Notch-targeting strategies is mostly due to their limited efficacy and severe on-target toxicity in Notch-controlled healthy tissues. Here, we review the available preclinical and clinical evidence on combinatorial treatment between different Notch signaling inhibitors and existent chemotherapeutic drugs, providing a comprehensive picture of molecular mechanisms explaining the potential or lacking success of these combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezda Zhdanovskaya
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
| | - Mariarosaria Firrincieli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
- Center for Life Nano Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Lazzari
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
| | - Eleonora Pace
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
| | - Pietro Scribani Rossi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
| | - Maria Pia Felli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Claudio Talora
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
| | - Isabella Screpanti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
- Correspondence: (I.S.); (R.P.)
| | - Rocco Palermo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
- Center for Life Nano Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (I.S.); (R.P.)
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6
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Watanabe S, Nishikawa T, Nakazaki A. Total Synthesis of the Cardiotonic Steroid (+)-Cannogenol. J Org Chem 2021; 86:3605-3614. [PMID: 33538172 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The total synthesis of (+)-cannogenol, an aglycon common to various biologically important cardiotonic glycosides, has been achieved. Synthesis of the versatile intermediate involves Mizoroki-Heck and intramolecular Diels-Alder reactions from the enantiomerically pure CD-ring segment, newly prepared in a multidecagram scale this time. Total synthesis by the site-selective transformations of the versatile intermediate demonstrated the applicability of our synthetic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Watanabe
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Toshio Nishikawa
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Atsuo Nakazaki
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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7
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S. Kumar A, Khosravi Z. Pharmacognosy and pharmacology of Calotropis gigantea for discovery of anticancer therapeutics. Pharmacogn Mag 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_166_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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8
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Isolation of nocobactin NAs as Notch signal inhibitors from Nocardia farcinica, a possibility of invasive evolution. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2020; 74:255-259. [PMID: 33318622 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-020-00393-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Notch signaling inhibitors with the potential of immune suppressor production by pathogenic bacteria for easy host infection were searched from extracts of Nocardia sp. Nocobactin NA-a (compound 1) and nocobactin NA-b (compound 2), which have been suggested as pathogenesis factors, were isolated from N. farcinica IFM 11523 isolated from the sputum of a Japanese patient with chronic bronchitis. Compounds 1 and 2 showed Notch inhibitory activities with IC50 values of 12.4 and 17.6 μM, respectively. Compound 1 and 2 decreased of Notch1 protein, Notch intracellular domain, and hairy and enhancer of split 1, which is a Notch signaling target protein. In addition, compounds 1 and 2 showed cytotoxicity against mouse macrophage-like cell line RAW264.7 with IC50 values of 18.9 and 21.1 μM, respectively. These results suggested that the Notch inhibitors production by pathogenic bacteria may increase pathogen infectivity.
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9
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Uddin MJ, Zidorn C. Traditional Herbal Medicines Against CNS Disorders from Bangladesh. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2020; 10:377-410. [PMID: 33057963 PMCID: PMC7648845 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-020-00269-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The majority of the population in Bangladesh uses traditional plant-based medicines to manage various ailments, including central nervous system (CNS) disorders. This review presents ethnobotanical information and relevant scientific studies on plants used in traditional healthcare for the management of various CNS disorders in Bangladesh. The information on the medicinal plants of Bangladesh effective against CNS disorders published in scientific journals, books, and reports was compiled from different electronic databases using specific key words. The present article provides comprehensive information on a total of 224 medicinal plant species belonging to 81 families used for the treatment of CNS disorders by the various peoples of Bangladesh. In total, we reviewed more than 290 relevant papers. In this study, leaves were found as the most often used plant organ, followed by roots, fruits, whole plants, barks, seeds, stems, rhizomes, and flowers. The Fabaceae family contributes the highest number of used species, followed by Rubiaceae, Lamiaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Vitaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Malvaceae, and Zingiberaceae. The most frequently used species (in decreasing order) are Asparagus racemosus, Centella asiatica, Stephania japonica, Aegle marmelos, Coccinia grandis, Tabernaemontana divaricata, Bacopa monnieri, Abroma augusta, and Scoparia dulcis. This review may serve as a starting point for a rational search for neuroactive natural products against CNS disorders within the Flora of Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Josim Uddin
- Pharmazeutisches Institut, Abteilung Pharmazeutische Biologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Gutenbergstraße 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, 4318 Bangladesh
| | - Christian Zidorn
- Pharmazeutisches Institut, Abteilung Pharmazeutische Biologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Gutenbergstraße 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany
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10
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Pathania S, Bansal P, Gupta P, Rawal RK. Genus Calotropis: A Hub of Medicinally Active Phytoconstituents. CURRENT TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/2215083805666190619095933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Traditional medicines derived from plant and other natural sources have several
advantages over synthetic drugs when used for the management of pathological conditions.
Natural product based therapies are safer than synthetic drugs-based chemotherapies. One of
such sources of bioactive molecules includes C. procera and C. gigantea, flowering herbal
plants, belonging to the genus Calotropis, family Apocynaceae, which, due to their diverse
pharmacological profile, have been widely employed in Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha and other
traditional systems for the treatment of various diseases. The various parts of this plant are
rich in phytoconstituents such as cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, phenolic
compounds, proteins etc. Due to the presence of multiple constituents, this plant possess
diverse biological activities such as analgesic, antitumor, antihelmintic, antioxidant, hepatoprotective,
antidiarrhoeal, anticonvulsant, antimicrobial, oestrogenic, antinociceptive, antimalarial
activity etc. The present review provides comprehensive information about various
phytochemical constituents of the plant along with their medicinal importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelly Pathania
- Research Scholar, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda (Punjab) 151001, India
| | - Parveen Bansal
- University Centre of Excellence in Research, Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot, Punjab, India
| | - Prasoon Gupta
- Natural Product Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-180001, India
| | - Ravindra K. Rawal
- Department of Chemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-133207, Ambala, Haryana, India
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11
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Isolation and evaluation of cardenolides from Lansium domesticum as Notch inhibitors. J Nat Med 2020; 74:758-766. [PMID: 32648094 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-020-01432-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Since Notch signaling plays important roles in cell proliferation and differentiation, aberrant activation of this signaling contributes to cancer progression. In neural stem cells, Notch signaling inhibits differentiation by activating HES1 expression. Therefore, Notch signaling inhibitors may be candidates for new anticancer drugs or have applications in neural regenerative medicine. In this study, six naturally occurring Notch inhibitors were isolated from the methanol (MeOH) extract of Lansium domesticum using our novel cell-based assay. Hongherin (2), a cardiac glycoside, demonstrated potent Notch inhibitory activity with an IC50 of 0.62 μM and was found to be cytotoxic in HPB-ALL human T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells. Hongherin (2) also induced the differentiation of C17.2 neural stem cells to neurons, causing a 65% increase in differentiation compared to the control. Mechanistically, hongherin (2) reduced the amount of Notch1 (full length) and mastermind-like protein (MAML). This indicates that hongherin (2) inhibits Notch signaling through a dual mechanism involving the reduction of both Notch1 and MAML protein levels.
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12
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Zhang K, Guo L, Zhang J, Rui G, An G, Zhou Y, Lin J, Xing J, Zhao T, Ding G. tDCS Accelerates the Rehabilitation of MCAO-Induced Motor Function Deficits via Neurogenesis Modulated by the Notch1 Signaling Pathway. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2020; 34:640-651. [PMID: 32543269 DOI: 10.1177/1545968320925474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background. Ischemic stroke carries a high mortality rate and is a leading cause of severe neurological disability. However, the efficacy of current therapeutic options remains limited. Objective. We aimed to investigate the treatment efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in motor function rehabilitation after ischemic stroke and explore the underlying mechanisms. Methods. Male Sprague-Dawley rats with epicranial electrodes were used to establish pathogenetic model through temporary right middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Subsequently, animals were randomly divided into 4 groups: MCAO + tDCS/sham tDCS, Control + tDCS/sham tDCS. Animals in the groups with tDCS underwent 10 days of cathodal tDCS totally (500 µA, 15 minutes, once a day). During and after tDCS treatment, the motor functions of the animals, ischemic damage area, proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs), and distribution, and protein expression of Notch1 signaling molecules were detected. Results. The rehabilitation of MCAO-induced motor function deficits was dramatically accelerated by tDCS treatment. NSC proliferation in the subventricular zone (SVZ) was significantly increased after MCAO surgery, and tDCS treatment promoted this process. Additionally, NSCs probably migrated from the SVZ to the ischemic striatum and then differentiated into neurons and oligodendrocytes after MCAO surgery, both of which processes were accelerated by tDCS treatment. Finally, tDCS treatment inhibited the activation of Notch1 signaling in NSCs in the ischemic striatum, which may be involved in NSC differentiation in the MCAO model. Conclusion. Our results suggest that tDCS may exert therapeutic efficacy after ischemic stroke in a regenerative medical perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keying Zhang
- Department of Radiation Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Ling Guo
- Department of Radiation Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Junping Zhang
- Department of Radiation Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Gang Rui
- Department of Radiation Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Guangzhou An
- Department of Radiation Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Radiation Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiajin Lin
- Department of Radiation Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Junling Xing
- Department of Radiation Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Tao Zhao
- Department of Radiation Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Guirong Ding
- Department of Radiation Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
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13
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Lautié E, Russo O, Ducrot P, Boutin JA. Unraveling Plant Natural Chemical Diversity for Drug Discovery Purposes. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:397. [PMID: 32317969 PMCID: PMC7154113 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The screening and testing of extracts against a variety of pharmacological targets in order to benefit from the immense natural chemical diversity is a concern in many laboratories worldwide. And several successes have been recorded in finding new actives in natural products, some of which have become new drugs or new sources of inspiration for drugs. But in view of the vast amount of research on the subject, it is surprising that not more drug candidates were found. In our view, it is fundamental to reflect upon the approaches of such drug discovery programs and the technical processes that are used, along with their inherent difficulties and biases. Based on an extensive survey of recent publications, we discuss the origin and the variety of natural chemical diversity as well as the strategies to having the potential to embrace this diversity. It seemed to us that some of the difficulties of the area could be related with the technical approaches that are used, so the present review begins with synthetizing some of the more used discovery strategies, exemplifying some key points, in order to address some of their limitations. It appears that one of the challenges of natural product-based drug discovery programs should be an easier access to renewable sources of plant-derived products. Maximizing the use of the data together with the exploration of chemical diversity while working on reasonable supply of natural product-based entities could be a way to answer this challenge. We suggested alternative ways to access and explore part of this chemical diversity with in vitro cultures. We also reinforced how important it was organizing and making available this worldwide knowledge in an "inventory" of natural products and their sources. And finally, we focused on strategies based on synthetic biology and syntheses that allow reaching industrial scale supply. Approaches based on the opportunities lying in untapped natural plant chemical diversity are also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Lautié
- Centro de Valorização de Compostos Bioativos da Amazônia (CVACBA)-Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
| | - Olivier Russo
- Institut de Recherches Internationales SERVIER, Suresnes, France
| | - Pierre Ducrot
- Molecular Modelling Department, 'PEX Biotechnologie, Chimie & Biologie, Institut de Recherches SERVIER, Croissy-sur-Seine, France
| | - Jean A Boutin
- Institut de Recherches Internationales SERVIER, Suresnes, France
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Brennan S, Keon M, Liu B, Su Z, Saksena NK. Panoramic Visualization of Circulating MicroRNAs Across Neurodegenerative Diseases in Humans. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:7380-7407. [PMID: 31037649 PMCID: PMC6815273 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-1615-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and dementia pose one of the greatest health challenges this century. Although these NDs have been looked at as single entities, the underlying molecular mechanisms have never been collectively visualized to date. With the advent of high-throughput genomic and proteomic technologies, we now have the opportunity to visualize these diseases in a whole new perspective, which will provide a clear understanding of the primary and secondary events vital in achieving the final resolution of these diseases guiding us to new treatment strategies to possibly treat these diseases together. We created a knowledge base of all microRNAs known to be differentially expressed in various body fluids of ND patients. We then used several bioinformatic methods to understand the functional intersections and differences between AD, PD, ALS, and MS. These results provide a unique panoramic view of possible functional intersections between AD, PD, MS, and ALS at the level of microRNA and their cognate genes and pathways, along with the entities that unify and separate them. While the microRNA signatures were apparent for each ND, the unique observation in our study was that hsa-miR-30b-5p overlapped between all four NDS, and has significant functional roles described across NDs. Furthermore, our results also show the evidence of functional convergence of miRNAs which was associated with the regulation of their cognate genes represented in pathways that included fatty acid synthesis and metabolism, ECM receptor interactions, prion diseases, and several signaling pathways critical to neuron differentiation and survival, underpinning their relevance in NDs. Envisioning this group of NDs together has allowed us to propose new ways of utilizing circulating miRNAs as biomarkers and in visualizing diverse NDs more holistically . The critical molecular insights gained through the discovery of ND-associated miRNAs, overlapping miRNAs, and the functional convergence of microRNAs on vital pathways strongly implicated in neurodegenerative processes can prove immensely valuable in the identifying new generation of biomarkers, along with the development of miRNAs into therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Brennan
- Neurodegenerative Disease section, Iggy Get Out, 19a Boundary Street, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Sydney, Australia
| | - Matthew Keon
- Neurodegenerative Disease section, Iggy Get Out, 19a Boundary Street, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Sydney, Australia
| | - Bing Liu
- Neurodegenerative Disease section, Iggy Get Out, 19a Boundary Street, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Sydney, Australia
| | - Zheng Su
- Neurodegenerative Disease section, Iggy Get Out, 19a Boundary Street, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nitin K. Saksena
- Neurodegenerative Disease section, Iggy Get Out, 19a Boundary Street, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Sydney, Australia
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Regioselective single pot C3-glycosylation of strophanthidol using methylboronic acid as a transient protecting group. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2019; 72:437-448. [PMID: 30948784 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-019-0172-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This manuscript describes a single pot protocol for the selective introduction of unprotected sugars to the C3 position of the cardiotonic steroid strophanthidol. These reactions proceed with high levels of regiocontrol (>20:1 rr) in the presence of three other hydroxyl functionalities including the C19 primary hydroxyl group and could be applied to different sugars to provide the deprotected cardiac glycosides upon work up (5 examples, 77-69% yield per single operation). The selective glycosylation of the less reactive C3 position is accomplished by the use of traceless protection with methylboronic acid that blocks the C5 and C19 hydroxyls by forming a cyclic boronic ester, followed by in situ glycosylation and a work up with ammonia in methanol to remove the boronic ester and the carbohydrate ester protecting groups.
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Khatri HR, Bhattarai B, Kaplan W, Li Z, Curtis Long MJ, Aye Y, Nagorny P. Modular Total Synthesis and Cell-Based Anticancer Activity Evaluation of Ouabagenin and Other Cardiotonic Steroids with Varying Degrees of Oxygenation. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:4849-4860. [PMID: 30802047 PMCID: PMC6516474 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b12870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A Cu(II)-catalyzed diastereoselective Michael/aldol cascade approach is used to accomplish concise total syntheses of cardiotonic steroids with varying degrees of oxygenation including cardenolides ouabagenin, sarmentologenin, 19-hydroxysarmentogenin, and 5- epi-panogenin. These syntheses enabled the subsequent structure activity relationship (SAR) studies on 37 synthetic and natural steroids to elucidate the effect of oxygenation, stereochemistry, C3-glycosylation, and C17-heterocyclic ring. Based on this parallel evaluation of synthetic and natural steroids and their derivatives, glycosylated steroids cannogenol-l-α-rhamnoside (79a), strophanthidol-l-α-rhamnoside (92), and digitoxigenin-l-α-rhamnoside (97) were identified as the most potent steroids demonstrating broad anticancer activity at 10-100 nM concentrations and selectivity (nontoxic at 3 μM against NIH-3T3, MEF, and developing fish embryos). Further analyses indicate that these molecules show a general mode of anticancer activity involving DNA-damage upregulation that subsequently induces apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hem Raj Khatri
- Chemistry Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Bijay Bhattarai
- Chemistry Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Will Kaplan
- Chemistry Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Zhongzheng Li
- Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Nankai, People Republic of China
| | | | - Yimon Aye
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Pavel Nagorny
- Chemistry Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
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Jing W, Zuo D, Cai Q, Chen G, Wang L, Yang X, Zhong W. Promoting neural transdifferentiation of BMSCs via applying synergetic multiple factors for nerve regeneration. Exp Cell Res 2019; 375:80-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Arai MA, Akamine R, Hayashi N, Koyano T, Kowithayakorn T, Ishibashi M. The Notch Inhibitors Isolated from Nerium indicum. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2018; 81:1235-1240. [PMID: 29693393 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b01031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Notch signaling plays a crucial role in differentiation and cell maintenance, but once aberrantly activated, it contributes to cancer progression. Notch inhibitors were isolated from plant extracts and tested using an originally constructed cell-based assay system. We isolated eight compounds from Nerium indicum that showed inhibition of the Notch signaling pathway. HES1 and HES5 are target genes of the Notch signaling pathway, and oleandrin (1) decreased the protein levels of HES1 and HES5 in assay cells. Oleandrin (1) showed potent cytotoxicity against HPB-ALL cells and decreased HES1 and the Notch intracellular domain in these cells. The main mechanism of action of 1 appears to be inhibition of Notch signaling by acceleration of Notch intracellular domain degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Midori A Arai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Chiba University , 1-8-1 Inohana , Chuo-ku , Chiba 260-8675 , Japan
| | - Ryuta Akamine
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Chiba University , 1-8-1 Inohana , Chuo-ku , Chiba 260-8675 , Japan
| | - Narumi Hayashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Chiba University , 1-8-1 Inohana , Chuo-ku , Chiba 260-8675 , Japan
| | | | | | - Masami Ishibashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Chiba University , 1-8-1 Inohana , Chuo-ku , Chiba 260-8675 , Japan
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The Notch inhibitor cowanin accelerates nicastrin degradation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5376. [PMID: 29599482 PMCID: PMC5876388 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23698-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant activation of Notch signaling contributes to the pathogenesis of several different types of cancer, and Notch pathway inhibitors may have significant therapeutic potential. Using a unique cell-based assay system, we isolated twelve compounds, including one new natural product from Garcinia speciosa, that inhibit the Notch signaling pathway. HES1 and HES5 are target genes of the Notch cascade, and compound 2, referred to as cowanin, decreased the protein levels of HES1 and HES5 in assay cells. Furthermore, cowanin (2) showed potent cytotoxicity against human leukemic HPB-ALL cells. The Notch signaling inhibitory activity of cowanin (2) is linked to the increased degradation of nicastrin, which is one of the components of the γ-secretase complex. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of a compound with Notch pathway inhibitory activity mediated by nicastrin degradation.
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