1
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Borner T, Tinsley IC, Doyle RP, Hayes MR, De Jonghe BC. GLP-1 in diabetes care: Can glycemic control be achieved without nausea and vomiting? Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:542-556. [PMID: 34363224 PMCID: PMC8810668 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduced less than two decades ago, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) rapidly re-shaped the field of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) care by providing glycemic control in tandem with weight loss. However, FDA-approved GLP-1RAs are often accompanied by nausea and emesis, and in some lean T2DM patients, by undesired anorexia. Importantly, the hypophagic and emetic effects of GLP-1RAs are caused by central GLP-1R activation. This review summarizes two different approaches to mitigate the incidence/severity of nausea and emesis related to GLP-1RAs: conjugation with vitamin B12, or related corrin-ring containing compounds ("corrination"), and development of dual-agonists of the GLP-1R with glucose dependent-insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). Such approaches could lead to the generation of GLP-1RAs with improved therapeutic efficacy thus, decreasing treatment attrition, increasing patient compliance, and extending treatment to a broader population of T2DM patients. The data reviewed show that it is possible to pharmacologically separate emetic effects of GLP-1RAs from glucoregulatory action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tito Borner
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, School of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ian C Tinsley
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States
| | - Robert P Doyle
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States.,Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States
| | - Matthew R Hayes
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, School of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Bart C De Jonghe
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, School of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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2
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Borner T, Workinger JL, Tinsley IC, Fortin SM, Stein LM, Chepurny OG, Holz GG, Wierzba AJ, Gryko D, Nexø E, Shaulson ED, Bamezai A, Da Silva VAR, De Jonghe BC, Hayes MR, Doyle RP. Corrination of a GLP-1 Receptor Agonist for Glycemic Control without Emesis. Cell Rep 2021; 31:107768. [PMID: 32553160 PMCID: PMC7376604 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus often produce nausea, vomiting, and in some patients, undesired anorexia. Notably, these behavioral effects are caused by direct central GLP-1R activation. Herein, we describe the creation of a GLP-1R agonist conjugate with modified brain penetrance that enhances GLP-1R-mediated glycemic control without inducing vomiting. Covalent attachment of the GLP-1R agonist exendin-4 (Ex4) to dicyanocobinamide (Cbi), a corrin ring containing precursor of vitamin B12, produces a "corrinated" Ex4 construct (Cbi-Ex4). Data collected in the musk shrew (Suncus murinus), an emetic mammal, reveal beneficial effects of Cbi-Ex4 relative to Ex4, as evidenced by improvements in glycemic responses in glucose tolerance tests and a profound reduction of emetic events. Our findings highlight the potential for clinical use of Cbi-Ex4 for millions of patients seeking improved glycemic control without common side effects (e.g., emesis) characteristic of current GLP-1 therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tito Borner
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Ian C Tinsley
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Samantha M Fortin
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lauren M Stein
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Oleg G Chepurny
- Department of Medicine, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - George G Holz
- Department of Medicine, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | | | - Dorota Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ebba Nexø
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Clinical Medicine, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Evan D Shaulson
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ankur Bamezai
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Valentina A Rodriguez Da Silva
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Bart C De Jonghe
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Matthew R Hayes
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Robert P Doyle
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse, NY, USA.
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3
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Tinsley IC, Borner T, Swanson ML, Chepurny OG, Doebley SA, Kamat V, Sweet IR, Holz GG, Hayes MR, De Jonghe BC, Doyle RP. Synthesis, Optimization, and Biological Evaluation of Corrinated Conjugates of the GLP-1R Agonist Exendin-4. J Med Chem 2021; 64:3479-3492. [PMID: 33677970 PMCID: PMC8279408 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Corrination
is the conjugation of a corrin ring containing molecule,
such as vitamin B12 (B12) or B12 biosynthetic precursor
dicyanocobinamide (Cbi), to small molecules, peptides, or proteins
with the goal of modifying pharmacology. Recently, a corrinated GLP-1R
agonist (GLP-1RA) exendin-4 (Ex4) has been shown in vivo to have reduced penetration into the central nervous system relative
to Ex4 alone, producing a glucoregulatory GLP-1RA devoid of anorexia
and emesis. The study herein was designed to optimize the lead conjugate
for GLP-1R agonism and binding. Two specific conjugation sites were
introduced in Ex4, while also utilizing various linkers, so that it
was possible to identify Cbi conjugates of Ex4 that exhibit improved
binding and agonist activity at the GLP-1R. An optimized conjugate
(22), comparable with Ex4, was successfully screened
and subsequently assayed for insulin secretion in rat islets and in vivo in shrews for glucoregulatory and emetic behavior,
relative to Ex4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian C Tinsley
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 111 College Place, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Tito Borner
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, School of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - MacKenzie L Swanson
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 111 College Place, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Oleg G Chepurny
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
| | - Sarah A Doebley
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, School of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Varun Kamat
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Medicine Diabetes Institute, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Ian R Sweet
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Medicine Diabetes Institute, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - George G Holz
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
| | - Matthew R Hayes
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Bart C De Jonghe
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, School of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Robert P Doyle
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 111 College Place, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States.,Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
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4
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Borner T, Shaulson ED, Tinsley IC, Stein LM, Horn CC, Hayes MR, Doyle RP, De Jonghe BC. A second-generation glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist mitigates vomiting and anorexia while retaining glucoregulatory potency in lean diabetic and emetic mammalian models. Diabetes Obes Metab 2020; 22:1729-1741. [PMID: 32410372 PMCID: PMC7927944 DOI: 10.1111/dom.14089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM To develop a conjugate of vitamin B12 bound to the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist exendin-4 (Ex4) that shows reduced penetrance into the central nervous system while maintaining peripheral glucoregulatory function. METHODS We evaluated whether a vitamin B12 conjugate of Ex4 (B12-Ex4) improves glucose tolerance without inducing anorexia in Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats, a lean type 2 diabetes model of an understudied but medically compromised population of patients requiring the glucoregulatory effects of GLP-1R agonists without anorexia. We also utilized the musk shrew (Suncus murinus), a mammalian model capable of emesis, to test B12-Ex4 on glycaemic profile, feeding and emesis. RESULTS In both models, native Ex4 and B12-Ex4 equivalently blunted the rise in blood glucose levels during a glucose tolerance test. In both GK rats and shrews, acute Ex4 administration decreased food intake, leading to weight loss; by contrast, equimolar administration of B12-Ex4 had no effect on feeding and body weight. There was a near absence of emesis in shrews given systemic B12-Ex4, in contrast to reliable emesis produced by Ex4. When administered centrally, both B12-Ex4 and Ex4 induced similar potency of emesis, suggesting that brain penetrance of B12-Ex4 is required for induction of emesis. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the potential therapeutic value of B12-Ex4 as a novel treatment for type 2 diabetes devoid of weight loss and with reduced adverse effects and better tolerance, but similar glucoregulation to current GLP-1R agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tito Borner
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Evan D. Shaulson
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ian C. Tinsley
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Lauren M. Stein
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Charles C. Horn
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Matthew R. Hayes
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Robert P. Doyle
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York
- Department of Medicine, Upstate Medical University, State University of New York, Syracuse, New York
| | - Bart C. De Jonghe
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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5
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Sellers DL, Tan JKY, Pineda JMB, Peeler DJ, Porubsky VL, Olden BR, Salipante SJ, Pun SH. Targeting Ligands Deliver Model Drug Cargo into the Central Nervous System along Autonomic Neurons. ACS NANO 2019; 13:10961-10971. [PMID: 31589023 PMCID: PMC7651855 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b01515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
While biologic drugs such as proteins, peptides, or nucleic acids have shown promise in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) severely limits drug delivery to the central nervous system (CNS) after systemic administration. Consequently, drug delivery challenges preclude biological drug candidates from the clinical armamentarium. In order to target drug delivery and uptake into to the CNS, we used an in vivo phage display screen to identify peptides able to target drug-uptake by the vast array of neurons of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Using next-generation sequencing, we identified 21 candidate targeted ANS-to-CNS uptake ligands (TACL) that enriched bacteriophage accumulation and delivered protein-cargo into the CNS after intraperitoneal (IP) administration. The series of TACL peptides were synthesized and tested for their ability to deliver a model enzyme (NeutrAvidin-horseradish peroxidase fusion) to the brain and spinal cord. Three TACL-peptides facilitated significant active enzyme delivery into the CNS, with limited accumulation in off-target organs. Peptide structure and serum stability is increased when internal cysteine residues are cyclized by perfluoroarylation with decafluorobiphenyl, which increased delivery to the CNS further. TACL-peptide was demonstrated to localize in parasympathetic ganglia neurons in addition to neuronal structures in the hindbrain and spinal cord. By targeting uptake into ANS neurons, we demonstrate the potential for TACL-peptides to bypass the blood-brain barrier and deliver a model drug into the brain and spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drew L. Sellers
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195, USA
| | - James-Kevin Y. Tan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195, USA
| | - Julio Marco B. Pineda
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195, USA
| | - David J. Peeler
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195, USA
| | - Veronica L. Porubsky
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195, USA
| | - Brynn R. Olden
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195, USA
| | - Stephen J. Salipante
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Suzie H. Pun
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195, USA
- Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195, USA
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6
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Systemically Administered Plant Recombinant Holo-Intrinsic Factor Targets the Liver and is not Affected by Endogenous B12 levels. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12269. [PMID: 31439908 PMCID: PMC6706418 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48555-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Precision targeting imaging agents and/or treatment agents to select cells or organs in the body remains a significant need and is an area of intense research. It has been hypothesized that the vitamin B12 (B12) dietary pathway, or components thereof, may be exploitable in this area. The question of whether gastric Intrinsic factor (IF), critical for B12 absorption in the GI tract via the cubilin receptor, could be used as a targeting moiety for the cubilin receptor systemically, has not been investigated. Cubilin is the only known receptor for holo-IF and is found primarily in the kidney and ear (outside of the ileum of the GI) offering significant scope for specific targeting. We utilized plant derived human gastric IF in fluorescent cell and PET based in vivo imaging and biodistribution studies and demonstrated that plant derived IF primarily targets the liver, likely a consequence of the unique glycosylation profile of the IF, and is not affected by endogenous B12 levels.
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7
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Peptide Conjugates with Small Molecules Designed to Enhance Efficacy and Safety. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24101855. [PMID: 31091786 PMCID: PMC6572008 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24101855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptides constitute molecular diversity with unique molecular mechanisms of action that are proven indispensable in the management of many human diseases, but of only a mere fraction relative to more traditional small molecule-based medicines. The integration of these two therapeutic modalities offers the potential to enhance and broaden pharmacology while minimizing dose-dependent toxicology. This review summarizes numerous advances in drug design, synthesis and development that provide direction for next-generation research endeavors in this field. Medicinal studies in this area have largely focused upon the application of peptides to selectively enhance small molecule cytotoxicity to more effectively treat multiple oncologic diseases. To a lesser and steadily emerging extent peptides are being therapeutically employed to complement and diversify the pharmacology of small molecule drugs in diseases other than just cancer. No matter the disease, the purpose of the molecular integration remains constant and it is to achieve superior therapeutic outcomes with diminished adverse effects. We review linker technology and conjugation chemistries that have enabled integrated and targeted pharmacology with controlled release. Finally, we offer our perspective on opportunities and obstacles in the field.
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8
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra J. Wierzba
- Institute of Organic ChemistryPolish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Sidra Hassan
- Institute of Organic ChemistryPolish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Dorota Gryko
- Institute of Organic ChemistryPolish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
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9
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Abstract
Nine compounds are classified as water-soluble vitamins, eight B vitamins and one vitamin C. The vitamins are mandatory for the function of numerous enzymes and lack of one or more of the vitamins may lead to severe medical conditions. All the vitamins are supplied by food in microgram to milligram quantities and in addition some of the vitamins are synthesized by the intestinal microbiota. In the gastrointestinal tract, the vitamins are liberated from binding proteins and for some of the vitamins modified prior to absorption. Due to their solubility in water, they all require specific carriers to be absorbed. Our current knowledge concerning each of the vitamins differs in depth and focus and is influenced by the prevalence of conditions and diseases related to lack of the individual vitamin. Because of that we have chosen to cover slightly different aspects for the individual vitamins. For each of the vitamins, we summarize the physiological role, the steps involved in the absorption, and the factors influencing the absorption. In addition, for some of the vitamins, the molecular base for absorption is described in details, while for others new aspects of relevance for human deficiency are included. © 2018 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 8:1291-1311, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid M Said
- University of California-School of Medicine, Irvine, California, USA.,VA Medical Center, Long Beach, California, USA
| | - Ebba Nexo
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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10
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Mietlicki-Baase EG, Liberini CG, Workinger JL, Bonaccorso RL, Borner T, Reiner DJ, Koch-Laskowski K, McGrath LE, Lhamo R, Stein LM, De Jonghe BC, Holz GG, Roth CL, Doyle RP, Hayes MR. A vitamin B12 conjugate of exendin-4 improves glucose tolerance without associated nausea or hypophagia in rodents. Diabetes Obes Metab 2018; 20:1223-1234. [PMID: 29327400 PMCID: PMC5899935 DOI: 10.1111/dom.13222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS While pharmacological glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists are FDA-approved for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity, a major side effect is nausea/malaise. We recently developed a conjugate of vitamin B12 (B12) bound to the GLP-1R agonist exendin-4 (Ex4), which displays enhanced proteolytic stability and retention of GLP-1R agonism. Here, we evaluate whether the conjugate (B12-Ex4) can improve glucose tolerance without producing anorexia and malaise. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated the effects of systemic B12-Ex4 and unconjugated Ex4 on food intake and body weight change, oral glucose tolerance and nausea/malaise in male rats, and on intraperitoneal glucose tolerance in mice. To evaluate whether differences in the profile of effects of B12-Ex4 vs unconjugated Ex4 are the result of altered CNS penetrance, rats received systemic injections of fluorescein-Ex4 (Flex), Cy5-B12 or Cy5-B12-Ex4 and brain penetrance was evaluated using confocal microscopy. Uptake of systemically administered Cy5-B12-Ex4 in insulin-containing pancreatic beta cells was also examined. RESULTS B12-Ex4 conjugate improves glucose tolerance, but does not elicit the malaise and anorexia produced by unconjugated Ex4. While Flex robustly penetrates into the brain (dorsal vagal complex, paraventricular hypothalamus), Cy5-B12 and Cy5-B12-Ex4 fluorescence were not observed centrally, supporting an absence of CNS penetrance, in line with observed reduction in CNS-associated Ex4 side effects. Cy5-B12-Ex4 colocalizes with insulin in the pancreas, suggesting direct pancreatic action as a potential mechanism underlying the hypoglycaemic effects of B12-Ex4. CONCLUSION These novel findings highlight the potential clinical utility of B12-Ex4 conjugates as possible future T2DM therapeutics with reduced incidence of adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudia G. Liberini
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | | | | | - Tito Borner
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - David J. Reiner
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Kieran Koch-Laskowski
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Lauren E. McGrath
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Rinzin Lhamo
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Lauren M. Stein
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Bart C. De Jonghe
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - George G. Holz
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210
| | - Christian L. Roth
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Robert P. Doyle
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210
- Address correspondence to: Dr. Matthew R. Hayes, University of Pennsylvania, 125 South 31 St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, 215-573-6070, ; Dr. Robert P. Doyle, Syracuse University, 111 College Place, Syracuse, NY 13244, 315-443-3584,
| | - Matthew R. Hayes
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Address correspondence to: Dr. Matthew R. Hayes, University of Pennsylvania, 125 South 31 St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, 215-573-6070, ; Dr. Robert P. Doyle, Syracuse University, 111 College Place, Syracuse, NY 13244, 315-443-3584,
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11
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Kuda-Wedagedara AW, Workinger JL, Nexo E, Doyle RP, Viola-Villegas N. 89Zr-Cobalamin PET Tracer: Synthesis, Cellular Uptake, and Use for Tumor Imaging. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:6314-6320. [PMID: 29104950 PMCID: PMC5664145 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin B12, or cobalamin (Cbl), is an essential nutrient. Acquisition, transport, and cellular internalization of Cbl are dependent on specific binding proteins and associated receptors. The circulating transport protein transcobalamin (TC) promotes cellular uptake via binding to specific receptors such as CD320, a receptor upregulated in several cancer cell lines. In this study, we report the successful synthesis of 89Zirconium-labeled Cbl that was derivatized with desferrioxamine (89Zr-Cbl). We document the purity of the tracer and its binding to TC compared with that of unmodified cyano-Cbl (CN-Cbl). In vitro studies employing the CD320 receptor-positive breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-453 showed a 6- to 10-fold greater uptake of 89Zr-Cbl when compared with the uptake in the presence of 200-fold excess of CN-Cbl at 37 °C. We used nude mice with MDA-MB-453 tumors to study the feasibility of employing the tracer to visualize CD320 positive tumors. In vivo positron emission tomography images displayed a clear visualization of the tumor with 1.42 ± 0.48 %ID/g uptake (n = 3) at 4 h after injection (p.i.) with the tracer retained at 48 h p.i. Ex vivo biodistribution studies using 89Zr-Cbl exhibited the highest uptake in kidney and liver at 48 h p.i. Results document the feasibility of synthesizing a Cbl-based tracer suitable for both in vivo and ex vivo studies of Cbl trafficking and with the potential to visualize tumors expressing TC receptors, such as CD320.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhila
N. W. Kuda-Wedagedara
- Department
of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Jayme L. Workinger
- Department
of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 111 College Place, Syracuse, New York 13102, United States
| | - Ebba Nexo
- Department
of Clinical Biochemistry and Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Robert P. Doyle
- Department
of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 111 College Place, Syracuse, New York 13102, United States
- Department
of Medicine, State University of New York
Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13102, United States
| | - Nerissa Viola-Villegas
- Department
of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
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