1
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Teng H, Chen N, Hu H, García de Abajo FJ, Dai Q. Steering and cloaking of hyperbolic polaritons at deep-subwavelength scales. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4463. [PMID: 38796473 PMCID: PMC11127984 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48318-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Polaritons are well-established carriers of light, electrical signals, and even heat at the nanoscale in the setting of on-chip devices. However, the goal of achieving practical polaritonic manipulation over small distances deeply below the light diffraction limit remains elusive. Here, we implement nanoscale polaritonic in-plane steering and cloaking in a low-loss atomically layered van der Waals (vdW) insulator, α-MoO3, comprising building blocks of customizable stacked and assembled structures. Each block contributes specific characteristics that allow us to steer polaritons along the desired trajectories. Our results introduce a natural materials-based approach for the comprehensive manipulation of nanoscale optical fields, advancing research in the vdW polaritonics domain and on-chip nanophotonic circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanchao Teng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Na Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hai Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China.
| | - F Javier García de Abajo
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels (Barcelona), 08860, Spain
- ICREA-Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Qing Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China.
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2
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Han C, Fan S, Li C, Chen LQ, Yang T, Qiu CW. Nonlocal Acoustic Moiré Hyperbolic Metasurfaces. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2311350. [PMID: 38221798 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The discovery of the topological transition in twisted bilayer (tBL) materials has attracted considerable attention in nano-optics. In the analogue of acoustics, however, no such topological transition has been found due to the inherent nondirectional scalar property of acoustic pressure. In this work, by using a theory-based nonlocal anisotropic design, the in-plane acoustic pressure is transformed into a spatially distributed vector field using twisted multilayer metasurfaces. So-called "acoustic magic angle"-related acoustic phenomena occur, such as nonlocal polariton hybridization and the topological Lifshitz transition. The dispersion becomes flat at the acoustic magic angle, enabling polarized excitations to propagate in a single direction. Moreover, the acoustic topological transition (from hyperbolic to elliptic dispersion) is experimentally observed for the first time as the twist angle continuously changes. This unique characteristic facilitates low-loss tunable polariton hybridization at the subwavelength scale. A twisted trilayer acoustic metasurface is also experimentally demonstrated, and more possibilities for manipulating acoustic waves are found. These discoveries not only enrich the concepts of moiré physics and topological acoustics but also provide a complete framework of theory and methodologies for explaining the phenomena that are observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglin Han
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Shida Fan
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Changyou Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Li-Qun Chen
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Tianzhi Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
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3
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Conrads L, Schüler L, Wirth KG, Wuttig M, Taubner T. Direct programming of confined surface phonon polariton resonators with the plasmonic phase-change material In 3SbTe 2. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3472. [PMID: 38658601 PMCID: PMC11043413 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47841-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Tailoring light-matter interaction is essential to realize nanophotonic components. It can be achieved with surface phonon polaritons (SPhPs), an excitation of photons coupled with phonons of polar crystals, which also occur in 2d materials such as hexagonal boron nitride or anisotropic crystals. Ultra-confined resonances are observed by restricting the SPhPs to cavities. Phase-change materials (PCMs) enable non-volatile programming of these cavities based on a change in the refractive index. Recently, the plasmonic PCM In3SbTe2 (IST) was introduced which can be reversibly switched from an amorphous dielectric state to a crystalline metallic one in the entire infrared to realize numerous nanoantenna geometries. However, reconfiguring SPhP resonators to modify the confined polaritons modes remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate direct programming of confined SPhP resonators by phase-switching IST on top of a polar silicon carbide crystal and investigate the strongly confined resonance modes with scanning near-field optical microscopy. Reconfiguring the size of the resonators themselves result in enhanced mode confinements up to a value of λ / 35 . Finally, unconventional cavity shapes with complex field patterns are explored as well. This study is a first step towards rapid prototyping of reconfigurable SPhP resonators that can be easily transferred to hyperbolic and anisotropic 2d materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Conrads
- Institute of Physics (IA), RWTH Aachen University, D-52056, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Luis Schüler
- Institute of Physics (IA), RWTH Aachen University, D-52056, Aachen, Germany
| | - Konstantin G Wirth
- Institute of Physics (IA), RWTH Aachen University, D-52056, Aachen, Germany
| | - Matthias Wuttig
- Institute of Physics (IA), RWTH Aachen University, D-52056, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Taubner
- Institute of Physics (IA), RWTH Aachen University, D-52056, Aachen, Germany.
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4
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Yan Q, Lu D, Chen Q, Luo X, Xu M, Zhang Z, Yang X, Zhang X, Li P. Hybrid Ghost Phonon Polaritons in Thin-Film Heterostructure. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:4346-4353. [PMID: 38587212 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Ghost phonon polaritons (g-PhPs), a unique class of phonon polaritons in the infrared, feature ultralong diffractionless propagation (>20 μm) across the surface and tilted wavefronts in the bulk. Here, we study hybrid g-PhPs in a heterostructure of calcite and an ultrathin film of the phase change material (PCM) In3SbTe2, where the optical field is bound in the PCM film with enhanced confinement compared with conventional g-PhPs. Near-field optical images for hybrid g-PhPs reveal a lemniscate pattern in the momentum distribution. We fabricated In3SbTe2 gratings and investigated how different orientations and periodicities of gratings impact the propagation of hybrid g-PhPs. As the grating period decreases to zero, the wavefront of hybrid g-PhPs can be dynamically steered by varying the grating orientation. Our results highlight the promise of hybrid g-PhPs with tunable functionalities for nanophotonic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qizhi Yan
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Dunzhu Lu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Qiyu Chen
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Xiao Luo
- School of Integrated Circuits, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Ming Xu
- School of Integrated Circuits, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Zhaowei Zhang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Xiaosheng Yang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Xinliang Zhang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Hubei 430074, China
- Xidian University, Xi'an 710126, China
| | - Peining Li
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Hubei 430074, China
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5
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Xing Q, Zhang J, Fang Y, Song C, Zhao T, Mou Y, Wang C, Ma J, Xie Y, Huang S, Mu L, Lei Y, Shi W, Huang F, Yan H. Tunable anisotropic van der Waals films of 2M-WS 2 for plasmon canalization. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2623. [PMID: 38521817 PMCID: PMC10960863 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46963-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In-plane anisotropic van der Waals materials have emerged as a natural platform for anisotropic polaritons. Extreme anisotropic polaritons with in-situ broadband tunability are of great significance for on-chip photonics, yet their application remains challenging. In this work, we experimentally characterize through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy measurements a van der Waals plasmonic material, 2M-WS2, capable of supporting intrinsic room-temperature in-plane anisotropic plasmons in the far and mid-infrared regimes. In contrast to the recently revealed natural hyperbolic plasmons in other anisotropic materials, 2M-WS2 supports canalized plasmons with flat isofrequency contours in the frequency range of ~ 3000-5000 cm-1. Furthermore, the anisotropic plasmons and the corresponding isofrequency contours can be reversibly tuned via in-situ ion-intercalation. The tunable anisotropic and canalization plasmons may open up further application perspectives in the field of uniaxial plasmonics, such as serving as active components in directional sensing, radiation manipulation, and polarization-dependent optical modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoxia Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metasurfaces for Light Manipulation, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiasheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metasurfaces for Light Manipulation, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqiang Fang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200050, Shanghai, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaoyu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metasurfaces for Light Manipulation, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Tuoyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, Fudan University, 200433, Shanghai, China
- Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, 201210, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanlin Mou
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metasurfaces for Light Manipulation, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Chong Wang
- Centre for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Junwei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metasurfaces for Light Manipulation, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuangang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metasurfaces for Light Manipulation, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Shenyang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metasurfaces for Light Manipulation, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metasurfaces for Light Manipulation, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuchen Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metasurfaces for Light Manipulation, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Wu Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing, Fudan University, 200433, Shanghai, China
- Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, 201210, Shanghai, China
| | - Fuqiang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200050, Shanghai, China.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China.
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.
| | - Hugen Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metasurfaces for Light Manipulation, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, 200433, Shanghai, China.
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6
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Zhang T, Yan Q, Yang X, Ma W, Chen R, Zhang X, Janzen E, Edgar JH, Qiu CW, Zhang X, Li P. Spatiotemporal beating and vortices of van der Waals hyperbolic polaritons. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2319465121. [PMID: 38466854 PMCID: PMC10963007 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2319465121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
In conventional thin materials, the diffraction limit of light constrains the number of waveguide modes that can exist at a given frequency. However, layered van der Waals (vdW) materials, such as hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), can surpass this limitation due to their dielectric anisotropy, exhibiting positive permittivity along one optic axis and negativity along the other. This enables the propagation of hyperbolic rays within the material bulk and an unlimited number of subdiffractional modes characterized by hyperbolic dispersion. By employing time-domain near-field interferometry to analyze ultrafast hyperbolic ray pulses in thin hBN, we showed that their zigzag reflection trajectories bound within the hBN layer create an illusion of backward-moving and leaping behavior of pulse fringes. These rays result from the coherent beating of hyperbolic waveguide modes but could be mistakenly interpreted as negative group velocities and backward energy flow. Moreover, the zigzag reflections produce nanoscale (60 nm) and ultrafast (40 fs) spatiotemporal optical vortices along the trajectory, presenting opportunities to chiral spatiotemporal control of light-matter interactions. Supported by experimental evidence, our simulations highlight the potential of hyperbolic ray reflections for molecular vibrational absorption nanospectroscopy. The results pave the way for miniaturized, on-chip optical spectrometers, and ultrafast optical manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianning Zhang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430074, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan430074, China
| | - Qizhi Yan
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430074, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan430074, China
| | - Xiaosheng Yang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430074, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan430074, China
| | - Weiliang Ma
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430074, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan430074, China
| | - Runkun Chen
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430074, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan430074, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430074, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan430074, China
| | - Eli Janzen
- Tim Taylor Department of Chemical Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS66506
| | - James H. Edgar
- Tim Taylor Department of Chemical Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS66506
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore117583, Singapore
| | - Xinliang Zhang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430074, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan430074, China
- Office of the President, Xidian University, Xi’an710126, China
| | - Peining Li
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430074, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan430074, China
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7
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Ge Z, Zhu S, Xiao W, Chen H. Multiple hyperbolic waves. OPTICS LETTERS 2024; 49:1532-1535. [PMID: 38489443 DOI: 10.1364/ol.513530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
This study presents a conceptual design for a hyperbolic material utilizing transformation optics. This material is designed to produce multiple hyperbolic wave fields or polaritons excited by a point source. The design dictates key parameters including branch number, propagation range, and overall propagation direction of deflection. Through this approach, the hyperbolic material demonstrates new effects compared to traditional hyperbolic materials. These advancements offer possibilities for the design and applications of photonic devices in other degrees of freedom.
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8
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Slavich AS, Ermolaev GA, Tatmyshevskiy MK, Toksumakov AN, Matveeva OG, Grudinin DV, Voronin KV, Mazitov A, Kravtsov KV, Syuy AV, Tsymbarenko DM, Mironov MS, Novikov SM, Kruglov I, Ghazaryan DA, Vyshnevyy AA, Arsenin AV, Volkov VS, Novoselov KS. Exploring van der Waals materials with high anisotropy: geometrical and optical approaches. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2024; 13:68. [PMID: 38453886 PMCID: PMC10920635 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01407-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of van der Waals (vdW) materials resulted in the discovery of their high optical, mechanical, and electronic anisotropic properties, immediately enabling countless novel phenomena and applications. Such success inspired an intensive search for the highest possible anisotropic properties among vdW materials. Furthermore, the identification of the most promising among the huge family of vdW materials is a challenging quest requiring innovative approaches. Here, we suggest an easy-to-use method for such a survey based on the crystallographic geometrical perspective of vdW materials followed by their optical characterization. Using our approach, we found As2S3 as a highly anisotropic vdW material. It demonstrates high in-plane optical anisotropy that is ~20% larger than for rutile and over two times as large as calcite, high refractive index, and transparency in the visible range, overcoming the century-long record set by rutile. Given these benefits, As2S3 opens a pathway towards next-generation nanophotonics as demonstrated by an ultrathin true zero-order quarter-wave plate that combines classical and the Fabry-Pérot optical phase accumulations. Hence, our approach provides an effective and easy-to-use method to find vdW materials with the utmost anisotropic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr S Slavich
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow, 123592, Russia
| | - Georgy A Ermolaev
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Internet City, Emmay Tower, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Adilet N Toksumakov
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow, 123592, Russia
| | - Olga G Matveeva
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow, 123592, Russia
| | - Dmitriy V Grudinin
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Internet City, Emmay Tower, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kirill V Voronin
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Donostia/San-Sebastián, 20018, Spain
| | - Arslan Mazitov
- Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Alexander V Syuy
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Internet City, Emmay Tower, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dmitry M Tsymbarenko
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Mikhail S Mironov
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Internet City, Emmay Tower, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sergey M Novikov
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow, 123592, Russia
| | - Ivan Kruglov
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Internet City, Emmay Tower, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Davit A Ghazaryan
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow, 123592, Russia
- Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia
| | - Andrey A Vyshnevyy
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Internet City, Emmay Tower, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aleksey V Arsenin
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Internet City, Emmay Tower, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia
| | - Valentyn S Volkov
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Internet City, Emmay Tower, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia
| | - Kostya S Novoselov
- National Graphene Institute (NGI), University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 03-09 EA, Singapore.
- Institute for Functional Intelligent Materials, National University of Singapore, 117544, Singapore, Singapore.
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9
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Sun T, Chen R, Ma W, Wang H, Yan Q, Luo J, Zhao S, Zhang X, Li P. Van der Waals quaternary oxides for tunable low-loss anisotropic polaritonics. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024:10.1038/s41565-024-01628-y. [PMID: 38429492 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-024-01628-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
The discovery of ultraconfined polaritons with extreme anisotropy in a number of van der Waals (vdW) materials has unlocked new prospects for nanophotonic and optoelectronic applications. However, the range of suitable materials for specific applications remains limited. Here we introduce tellurite molybdenum quaternary oxides-which possess non-centrosymmetric crystal structures and extraordinary nonlinear optical properties-as a highly promising vdW family of materials for tunable low-loss anisotropic polaritonics. By employing chemical flux growth and exfoliation techniques, we successfully fabricate high-quality vdW layers of various compounds, including MgTeMoO6, ZnTeMoO6, MnTeMoO6 and CdTeMoO6. We show that these quaternary vdW oxides possess two distinct types of in-plane anisotropic polaritons: slab-confined and edge-confined modes. By leveraging metal cation substitutions, we establish a systematic strategy to finely tune the in-plane polariton propagation, resulting in the selective emergence of circular, elliptical or hyperbolic polariton dispersion, accompanied by ultraslow group velocities (0.0003c) and long lifetimes (5 ps). Moreover, Reststrahlen bands of these quaternary oxides naturally overlap that of α-MoO3, providing opportunities for integration. As an example, we demonstrate that combining α-MoO3 (an in-plane hyperbolic material) with CdTeMoO6 (an in-plane isotropic material) in a heterostructure facilitates collimated, diffractionless polariton propagation. Quaternary oxides expand the family of anisotropic vdW polaritons considerably, and with it, the range of nanophotonics applications that can be envisioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Sun
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Runkun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weiliang Ma
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Han Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qizhi Yan
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Junhua Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, China
| | - Sangen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Xinliang Zhang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Xidian University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peining Li
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, China.
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10
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Sun X, Suriyage M, Khan AR, Gao M, Zhao J, Liu B, Hasan MM, Rahman S, Chen RS, Lam PK, Lu Y. Twisted van der Waals Quantum Materials: Fundamentals, Tunability, and Applications. Chem Rev 2024; 124:1992-2079. [PMID: 38335114 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Twisted van der Waals (vdW) quantum materials have emerged as a rapidly developing field of two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors. These materials establish a new central research area and provide a promising platform for studying quantum phenomena and investigating the engineering of novel optoelectronic properties such as single photon emission, nonlinear optical response, magnon physics, and topological superconductivity. These captivating electronic and optical properties result from, and can be tailored by, the interlayer coupling using moiré patterns formed by vertically stacking atomic layers with controlled angle misorientation or lattice mismatch. Their outstanding properties and the high degree of tunability position them as compelling building blocks for both compact quantum-enabled devices and classical optoelectronics. This paper offers a comprehensive review of recent advancements in the understanding and manipulation of twisted van der Waals structures and presents a survey of the state-of-the-art research on moiré superlattices, encompassing interdisciplinary interests. It delves into fundamental theories, synthesis and fabrication, and visualization techniques, and the wide range of novel physical phenomena exhibited by these structures, with a focus on their potential for practical device integration in applications ranging from quantum information to biosensors, and including classical optoelectronics such as modulators, light emitting diodes, lasers, and photodetectors. It highlights the unique ability of moiré superlattices to connect multiple disciplines, covering chemistry, electronics, optics, photonics, magnetism, topological and quantum physics. This comprehensive review provides a valuable resource for researchers interested in moiré superlattices, shedding light on their fundamental characteristics and their potential for transformative applications in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqian Sun
- School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Manuka Suriyage
- School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Ahmed Raza Khan
- School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
- Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology (Rachna College Campus), Gujranwala, Lahore 54700, Pakistan
| | - Mingyuan Gao
- School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
- College of Engineering and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Quantum Science & Technology, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Boqing Liu
- School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Md Mehedi Hasan
- School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Sharidya Rahman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Ruo-Si Chen
- School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Ping Koy Lam
- Department of Quantum Science & Technology, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Yuerui Lu
- School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
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11
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Zhou HT, Li CY, Zhu JH, Hu C, Wang YF, Wang YS, Qiu CW. Dynamic Acoustic Beamshaping with Coupling-Immune Moiré Metasurfaces. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2313004. [PMID: 38382460 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202313004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Moiré effects arising from mutually twisted metasurfaces have showcased remarkable wave manipulation capabilities, unveiling tantalizing emerging phenomena such as acoustic moiré flat bands and topological phase transitions. However, the pursuit of strong near-field coupling in layers has necessitated acoustic moiré metasurfaces to be tightly stacked at narrow distances in the subwavelength range. Here, moiré effects beyond near-field interlayer coupling in acoustics are reported and the concept of coupling-immune moiré metasurfaces is proposed. Remote acoustic moiré effects decoupled from the interlayer distance are theoretically, numerically, and experimentally demonstrated. Tunable out-of-plane acoustic beam scanning is successfully achieved by dynamically controlling twist angles. The engineered coupling-immune properties are further extended to multilayered acoustic moiré metasurfaces and manipulation of acoustic vortices. Good robustness against external disturbances is also observed for the fabricated coupling-immune acoustic moiré metasurfaces. The presented work unlocks the potential of twisted moiré devices for out-of-plane acoustic beam shaping, enabling practical applications in remote dynamic detection, and multiplexed underwater acoustic communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Tao Zhou
- Department of Mechanics, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, 117583
| | - Chen-Yang Li
- Department of Mechanics, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Jia-Hui Zhu
- Department of Mechanics, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Chuanjie Hu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, 117583
- Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yan-Feng Wang
- Department of Mechanics, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Yue-Sheng Wang
- Department of Mechanics, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Institute of Engineering Mechanics, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, 117583
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12
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Zheng JP, Zheng LY, Yu SY, Yang SL, Sun XC, Liu L, Lu MH, Chen YF, Christensen J. Focusing Micromechanical Polaritons in Topologically Nontrivial Hyperbolic Metasurfaces. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2311599. [PMID: 38374796 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Vertically stacked multiple atomically thin layers have recently widened the landscape of rich optical structures thanks to these quantum metamaterials or van der Waals (vdW) materials, featuring hyperbolic polaritons with unprecedented avenues for light. Despite their far-reaching implications, most of their properties rest entirely on a trivial band topological origin. Here, a 2D approach is adopted toward a micromechanical vdW analogue that, as a result of engineered chiral and mirror symmetries, provides topologically resilient hyperbolic radiation of mechanical vibrations in the ultrasonic regime. By applying laser vibrometry of the micrometer-sized metasurface, we are able to exhibit the exotic fingerprints of robust hyperbolic radiation spanning several frequencies, which beyond their physical relevance, may enable ultrasonic technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Po Zheng
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Li-Yang Zheng
- School of Science, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
- Department of Physics, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Leganès, Madrid, ES-28916, Spain
| | - Si-Yuan Yu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Shi-Li Yang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Xiao-Chen Sun
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Le Liu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Ming-Hui Lu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yan-Feng Chen
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Johan Christensen
- IMDEA Materials Institute, Calle Eric Kandel, 2, Getafe, Madrid, 28906, Spain
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13
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Matson JR, Alam MN, Varnavides G, Sohr P, Knight S, Darakchieva V, Stokey M, Schubert M, Said A, Beechem T, Narang P, Law S, Caldwell JD. The Role of Optical Phonon Confinement in the Infrared Dielectric Response of III-V Superlattices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2305106. [PMID: 38039437 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Polar dielectrics are key materials of interest for infrared (IR) nanophotonic applications due to their ability to host phonon-polaritons that allow for low-loss, subdiffractional control of light. The properties of phonon-polaritons are limited by the characteristics of optical phonons, which are nominally fixed for most "bulk" materials. Superlattices composed of alternating atomically thin materials offer control over crystal anisotropy through changes in composition, optical phonon confinement, and the emergence of new modes. In particular, the modified optical phonons in superlattices offer the potential for so-called crystalline hybrids whose IR properties cannot be described as a simple mixture of the bulk constituents. To date, however, studies have primarily focused on identifying the presence of new or modified optical phonon modes rather than assessing their impact on the IR response. This study focuses on assessing the impact of confined optical phonon modes on the hybrid IR dielectric function in superlattices of GaSb and AlSb. Using a combination of first principles theory, Raman, FTIR, and spectroscopic ellipsometry, the hybrid dielectric function is found to track the confinement of optical phonons, leading to optical phonon spectral shifts of up to 20 cm-1 . These results provide an alternative pathway toward designer IR optical materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph R Matson
- Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA
| | - Md Nazmul Alam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Georgios Varnavides
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Patrick Sohr
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Sean Knight
- Solid State Physics and NanoLund, Lund University, Lund, 22100, Sweden
- Competence Center for III-Nitride Technology, C3NiT - Janzèn, Linköping University, Linköping, 58183, Sweden
- Terahertz Materials Analysis Center (THeMAC), Linköping University, Linköping, 58183, Sweden
| | - Vanya Darakchieva
- Solid State Physics and NanoLund, Lund University, Lund, 22100, Sweden
- Competence Center for III-Nitride Technology, C3NiT - Janzèn, Linköping University, Linköping, 58183, Sweden
- Terahertz Materials Analysis Center (THeMAC), Linköping University, Linköping, 58183, Sweden
| | - Megan Stokey
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Mathias Schubert
- Solid State Physics and NanoLund, Lund University, Lund, 22100, Sweden
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Ayman Said
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Thomas Beechem
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Prineha Narang
- Physical Sciences Division, College of Letters and Science, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Stephanie Law
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Joshua D Caldwell
- Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA
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14
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Luan HY, Ouyang YH, Zhao ZW, Mao WZ, Ma RM. Reconfigurable moiré nanolaser arrays with phase synchronization. Nature 2023; 624:282-288. [PMID: 38092911 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06789-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Miniaturized lasers play a central role in the infrastructure of modern information society. The breakthrough in laser miniaturization beyond the wavelength scale has opened up new opportunities for a wide range of applications1-4, as well as for investigating light-matter interactions in extreme-optical-field localization and lasing-mode engineering5-19. An ultimate objective of microscale laser research is to develop reconfigurable coherent nanolaser arrays that can simultaneously enhance information capacity and functionality. However, the absence of a suitable physical mechanism for reconfiguring nanolaser cavities hinders the demonstration of nanolasers in either a single cavity or a fixed array. Here we propose and demonstrate moiré nanolaser arrays based on optical flatbands in twisted photonic graphene lattices, in which coherent nanolasing is realized from a single nanocavity to reconfigurable arrays of nanocavities. We observe synchronized nanolaser arrays exhibiting high spatial and spectral coherence, across a range of distinct patterns, including P, K and U shapes and the Chinese characters '' and '' ('China' in Chinese). Moreover, we obtain nanolaser arrays that emit with spatially varying relative phases, allowing us to manipulate emission directions. Our work lays the foundation for the development of reconfigurable active devices that have potential applications in communication, LiDAR (light detection and ranging), optical computing and imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yi Luan
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun-Hao Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zi-Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Zhi Mao
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ren-Min Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, China.
- National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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15
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Chen S, Wu X, Fu C. Comparative analysis of two models for phonon polaritons in van der Waals materials: 2D and 3D. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:17889-17898. [PMID: 37889109 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03879c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Phonon polaritons with ultralow losses and high confinement in extremely anisotropic media have opened up new avenues for manipulating the flow of light at the nanoscale. Recent advances in var der Waals (vdW) materials reveal unprecedented dispersion characteristics of polaritons using a two-dimensional (2D) model, treating the slab as a surface without thickness. However, the difference between the 2D and three-dimensional (3D) models of hyperbolic polaritons remains largely unexplored. Herein, we compare the polaritonic difference between these two models for biaxial vdW slabs. In addition, we demonstrate that the fundamental mode in slab configuration corresponds to the polaritonic mode in surface sheet and higher-order modes vanish in the latter configuration. In particular, we reveal that the difference in in-plane polaritons along the [100] and [001] crystal directions between the two models is associated with the inverse of the dielectric function along these two directions. For example, we compare the near-field radiative heat transfer (NFRHT) between two vdW slabs based on these two models. It is found that when the attenuation length of the higher-order hyperbolic mode is less than the gap distance, the enhancement achieved using the 3D model comes from only the fundamental mode, resulting in a negligible difference between these two models. Therefore, our findings may help to understand in-plane anisotropic polaritons and provide guidance for the application of the 2D model in the analysis of vdW materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Chen
- LTCS and Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Xiaohu Wu
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Ceji Fu
- LTCS and Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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16
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Zhou Z, Song R, Xu J, Ni X, Dang Z, Zhao Z, Quan J, Dong S, Hu W, Huang D, Chen K, Wang Z, Cheng X, Raschke MB, Alù A, Jiang T. Gate-Tuning Hybrid Polaritons in Twisted α-MoO 3/Graphene Heterostructures. NANO LETTERS 2023. [PMID: 37948605 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Modulating anisotropic phonon polaritons (PhPs) can open new avenues in infrared nanophotonics. Promising PhP dispersion engineering through polariton hybridization has been demonstrated by coupling gated graphene to single-layer α-MoO3. However, the mechanism underlying the gate-dependent modulation of hybridization has remained elusive. Here, using IR nanospectroscopic imaging, we demonstrate active modulation of the optical response function, quantified in measurements of gate dependence of wavelength, amplitude, and dissipation rate of the hybrid plasmon-phonon polaritons (HPPPs) in both single-layer and twisted bilayer α-MoO3/graphene heterostructures. Intriguingly, while graphene doping leads to a monotonic increase in HPPP wavelength, amplitude and dissipation rate show transition from an initially anticorrelated decrease to a correlated increase. We attribute this behavior to the intricate interplay of gate-dependent components of the HPPP complex momentum. Our results provide the foundation for active polariton control of integrated α-MoO3 nanophotonics devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, and School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Renkang Song
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, and School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Junbo Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, and School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiang Ni
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
- School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Zijia Dang
- Center for the Physics of Low-Dimensional Materials, School of Physics and Electronics, School of Future Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Zhichen Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, and School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jiamin Quan
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Physics Program, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10026, United States
| | - Siyu Dong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, and School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Weida Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China
| | - Di Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, and School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Center for the Physics of Low-Dimensional Materials, School of Physics and Electronics, School of Future Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Zhanshan Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, and School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xinbin Cheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, and School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Markus B Raschke
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Andrea Alù
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Physics Program, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10026, United States
| | - Tao Jiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, and School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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17
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Obst M, Nörenberg T, Álvarez-Pérez G, de Oliveira TVAG, Taboada-Gutiérrez J, Feres FH, Kaps FG, Hatem O, Luferau A, Nikitin AY, Klopf JM, Alonso-González P, Kehr SC, Eng LM. Terahertz Twistoptics-Engineering Canalized Phonon Polaritons. ACS NANO 2023; 17:19313-19322. [PMID: 37738305 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c06477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
The terahertz (THz) frequency range is key to studying collective excitations in many crystals and organic molecules. However, due to the large wavelength of THz radiation, the local probing of these excitations in smaller crystalline structures or few-molecule arrangements requires sophisticated methods to confine THz light down to the nanometer length scale, as well as to manipulate such a confined radiation. For this purpose, in recent years, taking advantage of hyperbolic phonon polaritons (HPhPs) in highly anisotropic van der Waals (vdW) materials has emerged as a promising approach, offering a multitude of manipulation options, such as control over the wavefront shape and propagation direction. Here, we demonstrate the THz application of twist-angle-induced HPhP manipulation, designing the propagation of confined THz radiation between 8.39 and 8.98 THz in the vdW material α-molybdenum trioxide (α-MoO3), hence extending twistoptics to this intriguing frequency range. Our images, recorded by near-field optical microscopy, show the frequency- and twist-angle-dependent changes between hyperbolic and elliptic polariton propagation, revealing a polaritonic transition at THz frequencies. As a result, we are able to allocate canalization (highly collimated propagation) of confined THz radiation by carefully adjusting these two parameters, i.e. frequency and twist angle. Specifically, we report polariton canalization in α-MoO3 at 8.67 THz for a twist angle of 50°. Our results demonstrate the precise control and manipulation of confined collective excitations at THz frequencies, particularly offering possibilities for nanophotonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Obst
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01187, Germany
- Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence - EXC 2147 (ct.qmat), Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Tobias Nörenberg
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01187, Germany
- Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence - EXC 2147 (ct.qmat), Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Gonzalo Álvarez-Pérez
- Department of Physics, University of Oviedo, Oviedo 33006, Spain
- Center of Research on Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology CINN (CSIC-Universidad de Oviedo), El Entrego 33940, Spain
| | - Thales V A G de Oliveira
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01187, Germany
- Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence - EXC 2147 (ct.qmat), Dresden 01062, Germany
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden 01328, Germany
| | - Javier Taboada-Gutiérrez
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, Université de Genève, 24 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Flávio H Feres
- Gleb Wataghin Physics Institute, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-859, Brazil
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-100, Brazil
| | - Felix G Kaps
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01187, Germany
- Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence - EXC 2147 (ct.qmat), Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Osama Hatem
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01187, Germany
- Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence - EXC 2147 (ct.qmat), Dresden 01062, Germany
- Department of Engineering Physics and Mathematics, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Egypt
| | - Andrei Luferau
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01187, Germany
- Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden 01328, Germany
| | - Alexey Y Nikitin
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Donostia/San Sebastián 20018, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao 48013, Spain
| | - J Michael Klopf
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden 01328, Germany
| | - Pablo Alonso-González
- Department of Physics, University of Oviedo, Oviedo 33006, Spain
- Center of Research on Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology CINN (CSIC-Universidad de Oviedo), El Entrego 33940, Spain
| | - Susanne C Kehr
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01187, Germany
- Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence - EXC 2147 (ct.qmat), Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Lukas M Eng
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01187, Germany
- Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence - EXC 2147 (ct.qmat), Dresden 01062, Germany
- Collaborative Research Center 1415, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
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18
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Zhao Y, Li G, Yao Y, Chen J, Xue M, Bao L, Jin K, Ge C, Chen J. Tunable heterostructural prism for planar polaritonic switch. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2023; 68:1757-1763. [PMID: 37507260 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The study of phonon polaritons in van der Waals materials at the nanoscale has gained significant attention in recent years due to its potential applications in nanophotonics. The unique properties of these materials, such as their ability to support sub-diffraction imaging, sensing, and hyperlenses, have made them a promising avenue for the development of new techniques in the field. Despite these advancements, there still exists a challenge in achieving dynamically reversible manipulation of phonon polaritons in these materials due to their insulating properties. In this study, we present experimental results on the reversible manipulation of anisotropic phonon polaritons in α-MoO3 on top of a VO2 film, a phase-change material known for its dramatic changes in dielectric properties between its insulating and metallic states. Our findings demonstrate that the engineered VO2 film enables a switch in the propagation of polaritons in the mid-infrared region by modifying the dielectric properties of the film through temperature changes. Our results represent a promising approach to effectively control the flow of light energy at the nanoscale and offer the potential for the design and fabrication of integrated, flat sub-diffraction polaritonic devices. This study adds to the growing body of work in the field of nanophotonics and highlights the importance of considering phase-change materials for the development of new techniques in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqian Zhao
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, China; Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ge Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuyu Yao
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117550, Singapore
| | - Jiancui Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mengfei Xue
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, China; School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lihong Bao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Kuijuan Jin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Chen Ge
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Jianing Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China.
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19
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Wang C, Xie Y, Ma J, Hu G, Xing Q, Huang S, Song C, Wang F, Lei Y, Zhang J, Mu L, Zhang T, Huang Y, Qiu CW, Yao Y, Yan H. Twist-Angle and Thickness-Ratio Tuning of Plasmon Polaritons in Twisted Bilayer van der Waals Films. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:6907-6913. [PMID: 37494570 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Stacking bilayer structures is an efficient way to tune the topology of polaritons in in-plane anisotropic films, e.g., by leveraging the twist angle (TA). However, the effect of another geometric parameter, the film thickness ratio (TR), on manipulating the plasmon topology in bilayers is elusive. Here, we fabricate bilayer structures of WTe2 films, which naturally host in-plane hyperbolic plasmons in the terahertz range. Plasmon topology is successfully modified by changing the TR and TA synergistically, manifested by the extinction spectra of unpatterned films and the polarization dependence of the plasmon intensity measured in skew ribbon arrays. Such TR- and TA-tunable topological transitions can be well explained based on the effective sheet optical conductivity by adding up those of the two films. Our study demonstrates TR as another degree of freedom for the manipulation of plasmonic topology in nanophotonics, exhibiting promising applications in biosensing, heat transfer, and the enhancement of spontaneous emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Wang
- Centre for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yuangang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Junwei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Guangwei Hu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Qiaoxia Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shenyang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chaoyu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Fanjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yuchen Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jiasheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lei Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Tan Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Yuan Huang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Yugui Yao
- Centre for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Hugen Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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20
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Xie Y, Wang C, Fei F, Li Y, Xing Q, Huang S, Lei Y, Zhang J, Mu L, Dai Y, Song F, Yan H. Tunable optical topological transitions of plasmon polaritons in WTe 2 van der Waals films. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:193. [PMID: 37553359 PMCID: PMC10409815 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01244-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Naturally existing in-plane hyperbolic polaritons and the associated optical topological transitions, which avoid the nano-structuring to achieve hyperbolicity, can outperform their counterparts in artificial metasurfaces. Such plasmon polaritons are rare, but experimentally revealed recently in WTe2 van der Waals thin films. Different from phonon polaritons, hyperbolic plasmon polaritons originate from the interplay of free carrier Drude response and interband transitions, which promise good intrinsic tunability. However, tunable in-plane hyperbolic plasmon polariton and its optical topological transition of the isofrequency contours to the elliptic topology in a natural material have not been realized. Here we demonstrate the tuning of the optical topological transition through Mo doping and temperature. The optical topological transition energy is tuned over a wide range, with frequencies ranging from 429 cm-1 (23.3 microns) for pure WTe2 to 270 cm-1 (37.0 microns) at the 50% Mo-doping level at 10 K. Moreover, the temperature-induced blueshift of the optical topological transition energy is also revealed, enabling active and reversible tuning. Surprisingly, the localized surface plasmon resonance in skew ribbons shows unusual polarization dependence, accurately manifesting its topology, which renders a reliable means to track the topology with far-field techniques. Our results open an avenue for reconfigurable photonic devices capable of plasmon polariton steering, such as canaling, focusing, and routing, and pave the way for low-symmetry plasmonic nanophotonics based on anisotropic natural materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuangang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), and Department of Physics, Fudan University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Chong Wang
- Centre for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China.
| | - Fucong Fei
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, and College of Physics, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China.
- Atom Manufacturing Institute (AMI), 211805, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yuqi Li
- Centre for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaoxia Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), and Department of Physics, Fudan University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Shenyang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), and Department of Physics, Fudan University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuchen Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), and Department of Physics, Fudan University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiasheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), and Department of Physics, Fudan University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), and Department of Physics, Fudan University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaomin Dai
- Center for Superconducting Physics and Materials, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, 211805, Nanjing, China
| | - Fengqi Song
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, and College of Physics, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China
- Atom Manufacturing Institute (AMI), 211805, Nanjing, China
| | - Hugen Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), and Department of Physics, Fudan University, 200433, Shanghai, China.
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21
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Lv H, Bai Y, Zhang Q, Yang Y. Flatband polaritonic router in twisted bilayer van der Waals materials. OPTICS LETTERS 2023; 48:4073-4076. [PMID: 37527121 DOI: 10.1364/ol.496630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, van der Waals (vdW) polaritons excited by the hybrid of matter and photons have shown great promise for applications in nanoimaging, biosensing, and on-chip light guiding. In particular, polaritons with a flatband dispersion allow for mode canalization and diffractionless propagation, which showcase advantages for on-chip technologies requiring long-range transportation of optical information. Here, we propose a flatband polaritonic router based on twisted α-MoO3 bilayers, which allows for on-chip routing of highly confined and low-loss phonon polaritons (PhPs) along multichannel propagating paths under different circular polarized dipole excitations. Our work combines flatband physics and optical spin- orbit coupling, with potential applications in nanoscale light propagation, on-chip optical switching, and communication.
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22
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Tang H, Lou B, Du F, Zhang M, Ni X, Xu W, Jin R, Fan S, Mazur E. Experimental probe of twist angle-dependent band structure of on-chip optical bilayer photonic crystal. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadh8498. [PMID: 37436985 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh8498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Recently, twisted bilayer photonic materials have been extensively used for creating and studying photonic tunability through interlayer couplings. While twisted bilayer photonic materials have been experimentally demonstrated in microwave regimes, a robust platform for experimentally measuring optical frequencies has been elusive. Here, we demonstrate the first on-chip optical twisted bilayer photonic crystal with twist angle-tunable dispersion and great simulation-experiment agreement. Our results reveal a highly tunable band structure of twisted bilayer photonic crystals due to moiré scattering. This work opens the door to realizing unconventional twisted bilayer properties and novel applications in optical frequency regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoning Tang
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Beicheng Lou
- Department of Applied Physics and Ginzton Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Fan Du
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Mingjie Zhang
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Xueqi Ni
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Weijie Xu
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Rebekah Jin
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Shanhui Fan
- Department of Applied Physics and Ginzton Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Eric Mazur
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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23
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Duan J, Álvarez-Pérez G, Lanza C, Voronin K, Tresguerres-Mata AIF, Capote-Robayna N, Álvarez-Cuervo J, Tarazaga Martín-Luengo A, Martín-Sánchez J, Volkov VS, Nikitin AY, Alonso-González P. Multiple and spectrally robust photonic magic angles in reconfigurable α-MoO 3 trilayers. NATURE MATERIALS 2023:10.1038/s41563-023-01582-5. [PMID: 37349399 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-023-01582-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of a topological transition of the polaritonic dispersion in twisted bilayers of anisotropic van der Waals materials at a given twist angle-the photonic magic angle-results in the diffractionless propagation of polaritons with deep-subwavelength resolution. This type of propagation, generally referred to as canalization, holds promise for the control of light at the nanoscale. However, the existence of a single photonic magic angle hinders such control since the canalization direction in twisted bilayers is unique and fixed for each incident frequency. Here we overcome this limitation by demonstrating multiple spectrally robust photonic magic angles in reconfigurable twisted α-phase molybdenum trioxide (α-MoO3) trilayers. We show that canalization of polaritons can be programmed at will along any desired in-plane direction in a single device with broad spectral ranges. These findings open the door for nanophotonics applications where on-demand control is crucial, such as thermal management, nanoimaging or entanglement of quantum emitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Duan
- Department of Physics, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
- Center of Research on Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, CINN (CSIC-Universidad de Oviedo), El Entrego, Spain.
- Centre for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China.
| | - G Álvarez-Pérez
- Department of Physics, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- Center of Research on Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, CINN (CSIC-Universidad de Oviedo), El Entrego, Spain
| | - C Lanza
- Department of Physics, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - K Voronin
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain
| | | | - N Capote-Robayna
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain
| | | | | | - J Martín-Sánchez
- Department of Physics, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- Center of Research on Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, CINN (CSIC-Universidad de Oviedo), El Entrego, Spain
| | - V S Volkov
- XPANCEO, Bayan Business Center, DIP, Dubai, UAE
| | - A Y Nikitin
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - P Alonso-González
- Department of Physics, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
- Center of Research on Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, CINN (CSIC-Universidad de Oviedo), El Entrego, Spain.
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24
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Dai S, Ma Q. A twist for nanolight. NATURE MATERIALS 2023:10.1038/s41563-023-01586-1. [PMID: 37349400 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-023-01586-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Dai
- Materials Research and Education Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA.
| | - Qiong Ma
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA.
- CIFAR Azrieli Global Scholars program, CIFAR, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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25
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Wang K, Long H, Deng N, Yuan M, Wang B, Wang K, Lu P. Enhanced efficiency of launching hyperbolic phonon polaritons in stacked α-MoO 3 flakes. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:20750-20760. [PMID: 37381191 DOI: 10.1364/oe.493972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we reported a systemic study on the enhanced efficiency of launching hyperbolic phonon polaritons (PhPs) in stacked α-phase molybdenum trioxide (α-MoO3) flakes. By using the infrared photo-induced force microscopy (PiFM), real-space near-field images (PiFM images) of mechanically exfoliated α-MoO3 thin flakes were recorded within three different Reststrahlen bands (RBs). As referred with PiFM fringes of the single flake, PiFM fringes of the stacked α-MoO3 sample within the RB 2 and RB 3 are greatly improved with the enhancement factor (EF) up to 170%. By performing numerical simulations, it reveals that the general improvement in near-field PiFM fringes arises from the existence of a nanoscale thin dielectric spacer in the middle part between two stacked α-MoO3 flakes. The nanogap acts as a nanoresonator for prompting the near-field coupling of hyperbolic PhPs supported by each flake in the stacked sample, contributing to the increase of polaritonic fields, and verifying the experimental observations Our findings could offer fundamental physical investigations into the effective excitation of PhPs and will be helpful for developing functional nanophotonic devices and circuits.
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26
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Lu G, Pan Z, Gubbin CR, Kowalski RA, De Liberato S, Li D, Caldwell JD. Launching and Manipulation of Higher-Order In-Plane Hyperbolic Phonon Polaritons in Low-Dimensional Heterostructures. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2300301. [PMID: 36892954 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Hyperbolic phonon polaritons (HPhPs) are stimulated by coupling infrared (IR) photons with the polar lattice vibrations. Such HPhPs offer low-loss, highly confined light propagation at subwavelength scales with out-of-plane or in-plane hyperbolic wavefronts. For HPhPs, while a hyperbolic dispersion implies multiple propagating modes with a distribution of wavevectors at a given frequency, so far it has been challenging to experimentally launch and probe the higher-order modes that offer stronger wavelength compression, especially for in-plane HPhPs. In this work, the experimental observation of higher-order in-plane HPhP modes stimulated on a 3C-SiC nanowire (NW)/α-MoO3 heterostructure is reported where leveraging both the low-dimensionality and low-loss nature of the polar NWs, higher-order HPhPs modes within 2D α-MoO3 crystal are launched by the 1D 3C-SiC NW. The launching mechanism is further studied and the requirements for efficiently launching of such higher-order modes are determined. In addition, by altering the geometric orientation between the 3C-SiC NW and α-MoO3 crystal, the manipulation of higher-order HPhP dispersions as a method of tuning is demonstrated. This work illustrates an extremely anisotropic low dimensional heterostructure platform to confine and configure electromagnetic waves at the deep-subwavelength scales for a range of IR applications including sensing, nano-imaging, and on-chip photonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanyu Lu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA
| | - Zhiliang Pan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA
| | - Christopher R Gubbin
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Ryan A Kowalski
- Interdisciplinary Materials Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA
| | - Simone De Liberato
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Deyu Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA
| | - Joshua D Caldwell
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA
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27
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He M, Hoogendoorn L, Dixit S, Pan Z, Lu G, Diaz-Granados K, Li D, Caldwell JD. Guided Polaritons along the Forbidden Direction in MoO 3 with Geometrical Confinement. NANO LETTERS 2023. [PMID: 37235534 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Highly anisotropic materials show great promise for spatial control and the manipulation of polaritons. In-plane hyperbolic phonon polaritons (HPhPs) supported by α-phase molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) allow for wave propagation with a high directionality due to the hyperbola-shaped isofrequency contour (IFC). However, the IFC prohibits propagations along the [001] axis, hindering information or energy flow. Here, we illustrate a novel approach to manipulating the HPhP propagation direction. We experimentally demonstrate that geometrical confinement in the [100] axis can guide HPhPs along the forbidden direction with phase velocity becoming negative. We further developed an analytical model to provide insights into this transition. Moreover, as the guided HPhPs are formed in-plane, modal profiles were directly imaged to further expand our understanding of the formation of HPhPs. Our work reveals a possibility for manipulating HPhPs and paves the way for promising applications in metamaterials, nanophotonics, and quantum optics based on natural van der Waals materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingze He
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, USA
| | - Levi Hoogendoorn
- Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) program, Vanderbilt Institute for Nanoscale Science and Engineering (VINSE), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, USA
- Integrated Science Program, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Saurabh Dixit
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, USA
| | - Zhiliang Pan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, USA
| | - Guanyu Lu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, USA
| | - Katja Diaz-Granados
- Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, USA
| | - Deyu Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, USA
| | - Joshua D Caldwell
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, USA
- Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, USA
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28
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Abstract
The topological properties of an object, associated with an integer called the topological invariant, are global features that cannot change continuously but only through abrupt variations, hence granting them intrinsic robustness. Engineered metamaterials (MMs) can be tailored to support highly nontrivial topological properties of their band structure, relative to their electronic, electromagnetic, acoustic and mechanical response, representing one of the major breakthroughs in physics over the past decade. Here, we review the foundations and the latest advances of topological photonic and phononic MMs, whose nontrivial wave interactions have become of great interest to a broad range of science disciplines, such as classical and quantum chemistry. We first introduce the basic concepts, including the notion of topological charge and geometric phase. We then discuss the topology of natural electronic materials, before reviewing their photonic/phononic topological MM analogues, including 2D topological MMs with and without time-reversal symmetry, Floquet topological insulators, 3D, higher-order, non-Hermitian and nonlinear topological MMs. We also discuss the topological aspects of scattering anomalies, chemical reactions and polaritons. This work aims at connecting the recent advances of topological concepts throughout a broad range of scientific areas and it highlights opportunities offered by topological MMs for the chemistry community and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ni
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
- School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Simon Yves
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Alex Krasnok
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33174, USA
| | - Andrea Alù
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City College, The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Physics Program, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
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29
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Ni X, Carini G, Ma W, Renzi EM, Galiffi E, Wasserroth S, Wolf M, Li P, Paarmann A, Alù A. Observation of directional leaky polaritons at anisotropic crystal interfaces. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2845. [PMID: 37202412 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38326-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Extreme anisotropy in some polaritonic materials enables light propagation with a hyperbolic dispersion, leading to enhanced light-matter interactions and directional transport. However, these features are typically associated with large momenta that make them sensitive to loss and poorly accessible from far-field, being bound to the material interface or volume-confined in thin films. Here, we demonstrate a new form of directional polaritons, leaky in nature and featuring lenticular dispersion contours that are neither elliptical nor hyperbolic. We show that these interface modes are strongly hybridized with propagating bulk states, sustaining directional, long-range, sub-diffractive propagation at the interface. We observe these features using polariton spectroscopy, far-field probing and near-field imaging, revealing their peculiar dispersion, and - despite their leaky nature - long modal lifetime. Our leaky polaritons (LPs) nontrivially merge sub-diffractive polaritonics with diffractive photonics onto a unified platform, unveiling opportunities that stem from the interplay of extreme anisotropic responses and radiation leakage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ni
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA
- School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, China
| | - Giulia Carini
- Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Berlin, Germany
| | - Weiliang Ma
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and Wuhan National high Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Enrico Maria Renzi
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Emanuele Galiffi
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Sören Wasserroth
- Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Wolf
- Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peining Li
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and Wuhan National high Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Hubei, 430074, China.
| | | | - Andrea Alù
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA.
- Physics Program, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
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30
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Huang W, Folland TG, Sun F, Zheng Z, Xu N, Xing Q, Jiang J, Chen H, Caldwell JD, Yan H, Deng S. In-plane hyperbolic polariton tuners in terahertz and long-wave infrared regimes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2716. [PMID: 37169788 PMCID: PMC10175486 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38214-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the main bottlenecks in the development of terahertz (THz) and long-wave infrared (LWIR) technologies is the limited intrinsic response of traditional materials. Hyperbolic phonon polaritons (HPhPs) of van der Waals semiconductors couple strongly with THz and LWIR radiation. However, the mismatch of photon - polariton momentum makes far-field excitation of HPhPs challenging. Here, we propose an In-Plane Hyperbolic Polariton Tuner that is based on patterning van der Waals semiconductors, here α-MoO3, into ribbon arrays. We demonstrate that such tuners respond directly to far-field excitation and give rise to LWIR and THz resonances with high quality factors up to 300, which are strongly dependent on in-plane hyperbolic polariton of the patterned α-MoO3. We further show that with this tuner, intensity regulation of reflected and transmitted electromagnetic waves, as well as their wavelength and polarization selection can be achieved. Our results can help the development of THz and LWIR miniaturized devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuchao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Thomas G Folland
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52245, USA
| | - Fengsheng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Zebo Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Ningsheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
- The Frontier Institute of Chip and System, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Qiaoxia Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jingyao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Huanjun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
| | - Joshua D Caldwell
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA.
| | - Hugen Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano-Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Shaozhi Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
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31
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Guan J, Hu J, Wang Y, Tan MJH, Schatz GC, Odom TW. Far-field coupling between moiré photonic lattices. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 18:514-520. [PMID: 36781995 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-023-01320-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Superposing two or more periodic structures to form moiré patterns is emerging as a promising platform to confine and manipulate light. However, moiré-facilitated interactions and phenomena have been constrained to the vicinity of moiré lattices. Here we report on the observation of ultralong-range coupling between photonic lattices in bilayer and multilayer moiré architectures mediated by dark surface lattice resonances in the vertical direction. We show that two-dimensional plasmonic nanoparticle lattices enable twist-angle-controlled directional lasing emission, even when the lattices are spatially separated by distances exceeding three orders of magnitude of lattice periodicity. Our discovery of far-field interlattice coupling opens the possibility of using the out-of-plane dimension for optical manipulation on the nanoscale and microscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Guan
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
| | - Jingtian Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Yi Wang
- Graduate Program in Applied Physics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Max J H Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - George C Schatz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Graduate Program in Applied Physics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Teri W Odom
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- Graduate Program in Applied Physics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
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32
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Ermolaev G, Pushkarev AP, Zhizhchenko A, Kuchmizhak AA, Iorsh I, Kruglov I, Mazitov A, Ishteev A, Konstantinova K, Saranin D, Slavich A, Stosic D, Zhukova ES, Tselikov G, Di Carlo A, Arsenin A, Novoselov KS, Makarov SV, Volkov VS. Giant and Tunable Excitonic Optical Anisotropy in Single-Crystal Halide Perovskites. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:2570-2577. [PMID: 36920328 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c04792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
During the last years, giant optical anisotropy has demonstrated its paramount importance for light manipulation. In spite of recent advances in the field, the achievement of continuous tunability of optical anisotropy remains an outstanding challenge. Here, we present a solution to the problem through the chemical alteration of halogen atoms in single-crystal halide perovskites. As a result, we manage to continually modify the optical anisotropy by 0.14. We also discover that the halide perovskite can demonstrate optical anisotropy up to 0.6 in the visible range─the largest value among non-van der Waals materials. Moreover, our results reveal that this anisotropy could be in-plane and out-of-plane depending on perovskite shape─rectangular and square. As a practical demonstration, we have created perovskite anisotropic nanowaveguides and shown a significant impact of anisotropy on high-order guiding modes. These findings pave the way for halide perovskites as a next-generation platform for tunable anisotropic photonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgy Ermolaev
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai 00000, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Anatoly P Pushkarev
- ITMO University, School of Physics and Engineering, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Alexey Zhizhchenko
- Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690091, Russia
- Institute of Automation and Control Processes, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Science, Vladivostok 690041, Russia
| | - Aleksandr A Kuchmizhak
- Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690091, Russia
- Institute of Automation and Control Processes, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Science, Vladivostok 690041, Russia
| | - Ivan Iorsh
- ITMO University, School of Physics and Engineering, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Ivan Kruglov
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai 00000, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
- Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), Moscow 127055, Russia
| | - Arslan Mazitov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
- Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), Moscow 127055, Russia
| | - Arthur Ishteev
- LASE - Laboratory of Advanced Solar Energy, NUST MISiS, Moscow 119049, Russia
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Kamilla Konstantinova
- LASE - Laboratory of Advanced Solar Energy, NUST MISiS, Moscow 119049, Russia
- Research and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of the Moscow Health Care Department, Moscow 127051, Russia
| | - Danila Saranin
- LASE - Laboratory of Advanced Solar Energy, NUST MISiS, Moscow 119049, Russia
| | - Aleksandr Slavich
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Dusan Stosic
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Elena S Zhukova
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Gleb Tselikov
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai 00000, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Aldo Di Carlo
- LASE - Laboratory of Advanced Solar Energy, NUST MISiS, Moscow 119049, Russia
- CHOSE - Centre of Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy, Department of Electronics Engineering, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Aleksey Arsenin
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai 00000, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
- Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Yerevan State University, Yerevan 0025, Armenia
| | - Kostya S Novoselov
- National Graphene Institute (NGI), University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- Institute for Functional Intelligent Materials, National University of Singapore, 117544 Singapore
- Chongqing 2D Materials Institute, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Sergey V Makarov
- ITMO University, School of Physics and Engineering, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
- Qingdao Innovation and Development Center, Harbin Engineering University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China
| | - Valentyn S Volkov
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai 00000, United Arab Emirates
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33
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Matveeva OG, Tresguerres-Mata AIF, Kirtaev RV, Voronin KV, Taboada-Gutiérrez J, Lanza C, Duan J, Martín-Sánchez J, Volkov VS, Alonso-González P, Nikitin AY. Twist-tunable polaritonic nanoresonators in a van der Waals crystal. NPJ 2D MATERIALS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 7:31. [PMID: 38665481 PMCID: PMC11041695 DOI: 10.1038/s41699-023-00387-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Optical nanoresonators are key building blocks in various nanotechnological applications (e.g., spectroscopy) due to their ability to effectively confine light at the nanoscale. Recently, nanoresonators based on phonon polaritons (PhPs)-light coupled to lattice vibrations-in polar crystals (e.g., SiC, or h-BN) have attracted much attention due to their strong field confinement, high quality factors, and their potential to enhance the photonic density of states at mid-infrared (mid-IR) frequencies, where numerous molecular vibrations reside. Here, we introduce a new class of mid-IR nanoresonators that not only exhibit the extraordinary properties previously reported, but also incorporate a new degree of freedom: twist tuning, i.e., the possibility of controlling their spectral response by simply rotating the constituent material. To achieve this result, we place a pristine slab of the van der Waals (vdW) α-MoO3 crystal, which supports in-plane hyperbolic PhPs, on an array of metallic ribbons. This sample design based on electromagnetic engineering, not only allows the definition of α-MoO3 nanoresonators with low losses (quality factors, Q, up to 200), but also enables a broad spectral tuning of the polaritonic resonances (up to 32 cm-1, i.e., up to ~6 times their full width at half maximum, FWHM ~5 cm-1) by a simple in-plane rotation of the same slab (from 0 to 45°). These results open the door to the development of tunable and low-loss IR nanotechnologies, fundamental requirements for their implementation in molecular sensing, emission or photodetection applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. G. Matveeva
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain
| | | | - R. V. Kirtaev
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain
| | - K. V. Voronin
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain
| | - J. Taboada-Gutiérrez
- Department of Physics, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Center of Research on Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, CINN (CSIC-Universidad de Oviedo), 33940 El Entrego, Spain
| | - C. Lanza
- Department of Physics, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - J. Duan
- Department of Physics, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Center of Research on Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, CINN (CSIC-Universidad de Oviedo), 33940 El Entrego, Spain
| | - J. Martín-Sánchez
- Department of Physics, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Center of Research on Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, CINN (CSIC-Universidad de Oviedo), 33940 El Entrego, Spain
| | - V. S. Volkov
- XPANCEO, Bayan Business Center, DIP, 607-0406 Dubai, UAE
| | - P. Alonso-González
- Department of Physics, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Center of Research on Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, CINN (CSIC-Universidad de Oviedo), 33940 El Entrego, Spain
| | - A. Y. Nikitin
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
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34
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Guo X, Lyu W, Chen T, Luo Y, Wu C, Yang B, Sun Z, García de Abajo FJ, Yang X, Dai Q. Polaritons in Van der Waals Heterostructures. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2201856. [PMID: 36121344 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202201856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
2D monolayers supporting a wide variety of highly confined plasmons, phonon polaritons, and exciton polaritons can be vertically stacked in van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHs) with controlled constituent layers, stacking sequence, and even twist angles. vdWHs combine advantages of 2D material polaritons, rich optical structure design, and atomic scale integration, which have greatly extended the performance and functions of polaritons, such as wide frequency range, long lifetime, ultrafast all-optical modulation, and photonic crystals for nanoscale light. Here, the state of the art of 2D material polaritons in vdWHs from the perspective of design principles and potential applications is reviewed. Some fundamental properties of polaritons in vdWHs are initially discussed, followed by recent discoveries of plasmons, phonon polaritons, exciton polaritons, and their hybrid modes in vdWHs. The review concludes with a perspective discussion on potential applications of these polaritons such as nanophotonic integrated circuits, which will benefit from the intersection between nanophotonics and materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangdong Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wei Lyu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Tinghan Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Life Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yang Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Life Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Chenchen Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Bei Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhipei Sun
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering and QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Espoo, 02150, Finland
| | - F Javier García de Abajo
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona, 08860, Spain
- ICREA-Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona, 08010, Spain
| | - Xiaoxia Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qing Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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35
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Ge Z, Tao S, Chen H. Perfectly matched layer for biaxial hyperbolic materials. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:6965-6973. [PMID: 36823942 DOI: 10.1364/oe.483094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Hyperbolic materials have attracted considerable interest for their unique open hyperbolic dispersion properties. These materials support high-momentum propagating modes and strong light confinement, leading to a wide range of applications including super-resolution technologies, negative refraction and long-life propagation. Even with these wonderful optical properties, hyperbolic materials, however, cause problems when applying perfectly matched layer (PML) boundary conditions in numerical simulation software such as COMSOL Multiphysics. Due to the unfit embedded attenuation function, the built-in PML of simulation software would result in a mass of reflections in the computational domain when the background medium is hyperbolic materials. Here, we take advantage of an imaginary coordinate mapping and the complex coordinate stretching of transformation optics theory to design a PML for biaxial hyperbolic materials, which avoids any reflections and can be tuned flexibly. The proposed recipe can provide antidote and new insights for hyperbolic material studies.
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36
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Tan Z, Fan F, Guan S, Wang H, Zhao D, Ji Y, Chang S. Terahertz Spin-Conjugate Symmetry Breaking for Nonreciprocal Chirality and One-Way Transmission Based on Magneto-Optical Moiré Metasurface. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2204916. [PMID: 36373726 PMCID: PMC9896033 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the gyrotropic semiconductor InSb into the twisted bilayer metasurface to form a magneto-optical moiré metasurface is introduced. Through the theoretical analysis, the "moiré angle" is developed in which case the nonreciprocity and chirality with the spin-conjugate asymmetric transmission are obtained due to the simultaneous breaking of both time-reversal symmetry and spatial mirror symmetry. The experiments confirm that the chirality can be actively manipulated by rotating the twisted angle and the external magnetic field, realizing spin-conjugate asymmetric transmission. Meanwhile, the two spin states also realize the nonreciprocal one-way transmission, and their isolation spectra are also spin-conjugate asymmetric: one is enhanced up to 48 dB, and the other's bandwidth is widened to over 730 GHz. This spin-conjugate symmetry-breaking effect in the MOMM brings a combination of time-space asymmetric transmission, and it also provides a new scheme for the implementation of high-performance THz chirality controllers and isolators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu Tan
- Institute of Modern OpticsNankai UniversityTianjin Key Laboratory of Micro‐Scale Optical Information Science and TechnologyTianjin300350P. R. China
| | - Fei Fan
- Institute of Modern OpticsNankai UniversityTianjin Key Laboratory of Micro‐Scale Optical Information Science and TechnologyTianjin300350P. R. China
| | - Shengnan Guan
- Institute of Modern OpticsNankai UniversityTianjin Key Laboratory of Micro‐Scale Optical Information Science and TechnologyTianjin300350P. R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- Institute of Modern OpticsNankai UniversityTianjin Key Laboratory of Micro‐Scale Optical Information Science and TechnologyTianjin300350P. R. China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network TechnologyTianjin300350P. R. China
| | - Yunyun Ji
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network TechnologyTianjin300350P. R. China
| | - Shengjiang Chang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network TechnologyTianjin300350P. R. China
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37
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Hu G, Ma W, Hu D, Wu J, Zheng C, Liu K, Zhang X, Ni X, Chen J, Zhang X, Dai Q, Caldwell JD, Paarmann A, Alù A, Li P, Qiu CW. Real-space nanoimaging of hyperbolic shear polaritons in a monoclinic crystal. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 18:64-70. [PMID: 36509927 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-022-01264-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Various optical crystals possess permittivity components of opposite signs along different principal directions in the mid-infrared regime, exhibiting exotic anisotropic phonon resonances. Such materials with hyperbolic polaritons-hybrid light-matter quasiparticles with open isofrequency contours-feature large-momenta optical modes and wave confinement that make them promising for nanophotonic on-chip technologies. So far, hyperbolic polaritons have been observed and characterized in crystals with high symmetry including hexagonal (boron nitride), trigonal (calcite) and orthorhombic (α-MoO3 or α-V2O5) crystals, where they obey certain propagation patterns. However, lower-symmetry materials such as monoclinic crystals were recently demonstrated to offer richer opportunities for polaritonic phenomena. Here, using scanning near-field optical microscopy, we report the direct real-space nanoscale imaging of symmetry-broken hyperbolic phonon polaritons in monoclinic CdWO4 crystals, and showcase inherently asymmetric polariton excitation and propagation associated with the nanoscale shear phenomena. We also introduce a quantitative theoretical model to describe these polaritons that leads to schemes to enhance crystal asymmetry via the damping loss of phonon modes. Ultimately, our findings show that polaritonic nanophotonics is attainable using natural materials with low symmetry, favouring a versatile and general way to manipulate light at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangwei Hu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Weiliang Ma
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Debo Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chunqi Zheng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kaipeng Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiang Ni
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jianing Chen
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinliang Zhang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China.
| | - Joshua D Caldwell
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Andrea Alù
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
- Physics Program, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Peining Li
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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38
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Zhao Y, Chen J, Xue M, Chen R, Jia S, Chen J, Bao L, Gao HJ, Chen J. Ultralow-Loss Phonon Polaritons in the Isotope-Enriched α-MoO 3. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:10208-10215. [PMID: 36343338 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
α-MoO3, a natural van der Waals (vdWs) material, has received wide attention in nano-optics for supporting highly confined anisotropic phonon polaritons (PhPs) from the mid-infrared to the terahertz region, which opens a new route for manipulating light at the nanoscale. However, its optical loss hinders light manipulation with high efficiency. This work demonstrates that the isotope-enriched Mo element enables ultralow-loss PhPs in the α-MoO3. Raman spectra reveal that the isotope-enriched Mo element in the α-MoO3 allows different optical phonon frequencies by efficiently altering the Reststrahlen band's dispersion. The Mo isotope-enriched α-MoO3 significantly reduces the PhPs' optical loss due to efficient optical coherence, which enhances the propagation length revealed by infrared nanoimaging. These findings suggest that the isotope-enriched α-MoO3 is a new feasible 2D material with an ultralow optical loss for possible high-performance integrated photonics and quantum optics devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqian Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiancui Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mengfei Xue
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, China
| | - Runkun Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shangtong Jia
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Department of Physics and Applied Optics Beijing Area Major Laboratory, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Lihong Bao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Hong-Jun Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Jianing Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
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39
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Nörenberg T, Álvarez-Pérez G, Obst M, Wehmeier L, Hempel F, Klopf JM, Nikitin AY, Kehr SC, Eng LM, Alonso-González P, de Oliveira TVAG. Germanium Monosulfide as a Natural Platform for Highly Anisotropic THz Polaritons. ACS NANO 2022; 16:20174-20185. [PMID: 36446407 PMCID: PMC9799068 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c05376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Terahertz (THz) electromagnetic radiation is key to access collective excitations such as magnons (spins), plasmons (electrons), or phonons (atomic vibrations), thus bridging topics between optics and solid-state physics. Confinement of THz light to the nanometer length scale is desirable for local probing of such excitations in low-dimensional systems, thereby circumventing the large footprint and inherently low spectral power density of far-field THz radiation. For that purpose, phonon polaritons (PhPs) in anisotropic van der Waals (vdW) materials have recently emerged as a promising platform for THz nanooptics. Hence, there is a demand for the exploration of materials that feature not only THz PhPs at different spectral regimes but also host anisotropic (directional) electrical, thermoelectric, and vibronic properties. To that end, we introduce here the semiconducting vdW-material alpha-germanium(II) sulfide (GeS) as an intriguing candidate. By employing THz nanospectroscopy supported by theoretical analysis, we provide a thorough characterization of the different in-plane hyperbolic and elliptical PhP modes in GeS. We find not only PhPs with long lifetimes (τ > 2 ps) and excellent THz light confinement (λ0/λ > 45) but also an intrinsic, phonon-induced anomalous dispersion as well as signatures of naturally occurring, substrate-mediated PhP canalization within a single GeS slab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Nörenberg
- Institut für
Angewandte Physik, Technische Universität
Dresden, Dresden 01187, Germany
- Würzburg-Dresden
Cluster of Excellence - EXC 2147 (ct.qmat), Dresden 01062, Germany
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden 01328, Germany
| | - Gonzalo Álvarez-Pérez
- Department of Physics, University
of Oviedo, Oviedo 33006, Spain
- Center of Research
on Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology CINN (CSIC−Universidad
de Oviedo), El Entrego 33940, Spain
| | - Maximilian Obst
- Institut für
Angewandte Physik, Technische Universität
Dresden, Dresden 01187, Germany
| | - Lukas Wehmeier
- Institut für
Angewandte Physik, Technische Universität
Dresden, Dresden 01187, Germany
- Würzburg-Dresden
Cluster of Excellence - EXC 2147 (ct.qmat), Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Franz Hempel
- Institut für
Angewandte Physik, Technische Universität
Dresden, Dresden 01187, Germany
- Collaborative Research
Center 1415, Technische Universität
Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - J. Michael Klopf
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden 01328, Germany
| | - Alexey Y. Nikitin
- Donostia International
Physics Center (DIPC), Donostia-San
Sebastián 20018, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao 48013, Spain
| | - Susanne C. Kehr
- Institut für
Angewandte Physik, Technische Universität
Dresden, Dresden 01187, Germany
| | - Lukas M. Eng
- Institut für
Angewandte Physik, Technische Universität
Dresden, Dresden 01187, Germany
- Würzburg-Dresden
Cluster of Excellence - EXC 2147 (ct.qmat), Dresden 01062, Germany
- Collaborative Research
Center 1415, Technische Universität
Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Pablo Alonso-González
- Department of Physics, University
of Oviedo, Oviedo 33006, Spain
- Center of Research
on Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology CINN (CSIC−Universidad
de Oviedo), El Entrego 33940, Spain
| | - Thales V. A. G. de Oliveira
- Institut für
Angewandte Physik, Technische Universität
Dresden, Dresden 01187, Germany
- Würzburg-Dresden
Cluster of Excellence - EXC 2147 (ct.qmat), Dresden 01062, Germany
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden 01328, Germany
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40
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Li M, Hu G, Chen X, Qiu CW, Chen H, Wang Z. Topologically reconfigurable magnetic polaritons. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eadd6660. [PMID: 36525502 PMCID: PMC9757744 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add6660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Hyperbolic polaritons in extremely anisotropic materials have attracted intensive attention due to their exotic optical features. Recent advances in optical materials reveal unprecedented dispersion engineering of polaritons, resulting in twistronics for photons, canalized phonon polaritons, shear polaritons, and tunable topological polaritons. However, the on-demand reconfigurability of polaritons, especially with magnetic anisotropic dispersions, is restricted by weak natural magnetic anisotropy and hence remains largely unexplored. Here, we show how origami fused with artificial magnetism unveils a versatile pathway to topologically reconfigure magnetic polaritons. We experimentally demonstrate that the three-dimensional origami deformation allows to reconfigure hyperbolic or elliptic topology of polariton dispersion and modulate group velocity. With group velocity transitioning from positive to negative directions, we further report reconfigurable origami polariton circuitry in which the polariton propagation and phase distribution can be tailored. Our findings provide alternative perspectives on on-chip polaritonics, with potential applications in energy transfer, sensing, and information transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- International Joint Innovation Center, The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China
- Key Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang, Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321099, China
- Shaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Guangwei Hu
- Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xuan Chen
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- International Joint Innovation Center, The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China
- Key Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang, Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321099, China
- Shaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- NUS Suzhou Research Institute (NUSRI), Suzhou Industrial Park, 215000 Suzhou, China
- Corresponding author. (C.-W.Q.); (H.C.); (Z.W.)
| | - Hongsheng Chen
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- International Joint Innovation Center, The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China
- Key Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang, Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321099, China
- Shaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing 312000, China
- Corresponding author. (C.-W.Q.); (H.C.); (Z.W.)
| | - Zuojia Wang
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- International Joint Innovation Center, The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China
- Key Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang, Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321099, China
- Corresponding author. (C.-W.Q.); (H.C.); (Z.W.)
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41
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Jia G, Luo J, Wang H, Ma Q, Liu Q, Dai H, Asgari R. Two-dimensional natural hyperbolic materials: from polaritons modulation to applications. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:17096-17118. [PMID: 36382501 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr04181b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Natural hyperbolic materials (HMs) in two dimensions (2D) have an extraordinarily high anisotropy and a hyperbolic dispersion relation. Some of them can even sustain hyperbolic polaritons with great directional propagation and light compression to deeply sub-wavelength scales due to their inherent anisotropy. Herein, the anisotropic optical features of 2D natural HMs are reviewed. Four hyperbolic polaritons (i.e., phonon polaritons, plasmon polaritons, exciton polaritons, and shear polaritons) as well as their generation mechanism are discussed in detail. The natural merits of 2D HMs hold promise for practical quantum photonic applications such as valley quantum interference, mid-infrared polarizers, spontaneous emission enhancement, near-field thermal radiation, and a new generation of optoelectronic components, among others. The conclusion of these analyses outlines existing issues and potential interesting directions for 2D natural HMs. These findings could spur more interest in anisotropic 2D atomic crystals in the future, as well as the quick generation of natural HMs for new applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyi Jia
- School of Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, P. R. China.
| | - Jinxuan Luo
- School of Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, P. R. China.
| | - Huaiwen Wang
- School of Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, P. R. China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Refrigeration Technology, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, P. R. China
| | - Qiaoyun Ma
- School of Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, P. R. China.
| | - Qinggang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Haitao Dai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.
| | - Reza Asgari
- School of Physics, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences, IPM, Tehran 19395-5531, Iran.
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42
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Twisted Lattice Nanocavity with Theoretical Quality Factor Exceeding 200 Billion. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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43
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Hou T, Chen H. Criterion for photonic topological transition in two-dimensional heterostructures. OPTICS LETTERS 2022; 47:5433-5436. [PMID: 36240382 DOI: 10.1364/ol.474505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The anisotropic van der Waals material α-MoO3 has recently attracted considerable attention because of the ability to support ellipse and hyperbolic phonon polaritons with extreme field confinement and long lifetimes, which can be used in topological transition and transformation polaritonics. However, the dispersion theory of some phonon polaritons in complex heterojunctions often requires tedious computation, which makes it difficult to simply judge and analyze the physical process of the photonic topological transition. Here we obtain the equivalent permittivity distribution of two-dimensional (2D) heterostructures by the effective medium theory and analyze the rotation-induced topological transitions and stack-dependent topological transitions of phonon polaritons. Unlike the previous discussion, we can predict the topological transition points by a parameter ɛx/y(i.e., the permittivity ratio along the in-plane crystal axis of the equivalent medium) and design precisely the phonon polaritons in the stacked materials by controlling the equivalent permittivity after simple calculation. The feasibility of the effective medium theory is verified based on the 2D approximation model and the non-2D approximation model under the limit of an ultrathin slab. Meanwhile, we compare the field distributions and dispersions of the 2D heterostructures and the corresponding equivalent structure. The simulation suggests that the elliptic/hyperbolic responses of the stacked materials depend on the sign of ɛx/y. The new, to the best of our knowledge, method not only provides an easier and clearer criterion for the study of photonic topological transition in anisotropic polaritons, but also shows great potential in designing some multilayer 2D heterostructures.
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44
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Cortés E, Wendisch FJ, Sortino L, Mancini A, Ezendam S, Saris S, de S. Menezes L, Tittl A, Ren H, Maier SA. Optical Metasurfaces for Energy Conversion. Chem Rev 2022; 122:15082-15176. [PMID: 35728004 PMCID: PMC9562288 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured surfaces with designed optical functionalities, such as metasurfaces, allow efficient harvesting of light at the nanoscale, enhancing light-matter interactions for a wide variety of material combinations. Exploiting light-driven matter excitations in these artificial materials opens up a new dimension in the conversion and management of energy at the nanoscale. In this review, we outline the impact, opportunities, applications, and challenges of optical metasurfaces in converting the energy of incoming photons into frequency-shifted photons, phonons, and energetic charge carriers. A myriad of opportunities await for the utilization of the converted energy. Here we cover the most pertinent aspects from a fundamental nanoscopic viewpoint all the way to applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano Cortés
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany,
| | - Fedja J. Wendisch
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Luca Sortino
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea Mancini
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Ezendam
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Seryio Saris
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Leonardo de S. Menezes
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany,Departamento
de Física, Universidade Federal de
Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Andreas Tittl
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Haoran Ren
- MQ Photonics
Research Centre, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Macquarie University, Macquarie
Park, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Stefan A. Maier
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany,School
of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia,Department
of Phyiscs, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom,
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45
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Hu H, Chen N, Teng H, Yu R, Qu Y, Sun J, Xue M, Hu D, Wu B, Li C, Chen J, Liu M, Sun Z, Liu Y, Li P, Fan S, García de Abajo FJ, Dai Q. Doping-driven topological polaritons in graphene/α-MoO 3 heterostructures. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 17:940-946. [PMID: 35982316 PMCID: PMC9477736 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-022-01185-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Control over charge carrier density provides an efficient way to trigger phase transitions and modulate the optoelectronic properties of materials. This approach can also be used to induce topological transitions in the optical response of photonic systems. Here we report a topological transition in the isofrequency dispersion contours of hybrid polaritons supported by a two-dimensional heterostructure consisting of graphene and α-phase molybdenum trioxide. By chemically changing the doping level of graphene, we observed that the topology of polariton isofrequency surfaces transforms from open to closed shapes as a result of doping-dependent polariton hybridization. Moreover, when the substrate was changed, the dispersion contour became dominated by flat profiles at the topological transition, thus supporting tunable diffractionless polariton propagation and providing local control over the optical contour topology. We achieved subwavelength focusing of polaritons down to 4.8% of the free-space light wavelength by using a 1.5-μm-wide silica substrate as an in-plane lens. Our findings could lead to on-chip applications in nanoimaging, optical sensing and manipulation of energy transfer at the nanoscale.
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Grants
- National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2020YFB2205701), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51902065, 52172139, 51925203, U2032206, 52072083, and 51972072)
- Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 2202062), and Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDB36000000, XDB30000000).
- Z.P.S. acknowledges the Academy of Finland (Grant Nos. 314810, 333982, 336144, and 336818), The Business Finland (ALDEL), the Academy of Finland Flagship Programme (320167, PREIN), the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (820423, S2QUIP; 965124, FEMTOCHIP), the EU H2020-MSCA-RISE-872049 (IPN-Bio), and the ERC (834742).
- P.N.L acknowledges the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grantno.62075070)
- S.F. acknowledges the support of the U.S. Department of Energy under Grant No. DE-FG02-07ER46426.
- F.J.G.A. acknowledges the ERC (Advanced Grant 789104-eNANO), the Spanish MINECO (SEV2015-0522), and the CAS President’s International Fellowship Initiative (PIFI) for 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Na Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanchao Teng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Renwen Yu
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Spain.
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Ginzton Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Yunpeng Qu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianzhe Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengfei Xue
- The Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Debo Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianing Chen
- The Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengkun Liu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, NY, USA
| | - Zhipei Sun
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Yunqi Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Peining Li
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanhui Fan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Ginzton Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - F Javier García de Abajo
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Spain.
- ICREA-Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Qing Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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46
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Zheng C, Hu G, Liu X, Kong X, Wang L, Qiu CW. Molding Broadband Dispersion in Twisted Trilayer Hyperbolic Polaritonic Surfaces. ACS NANO 2022; 16:13241-13250. [PMID: 35938977 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c07123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recent advancement in twisted layered metasurfaces can be employed to control the nanoscale flow of light, including the exotic hyperbolic-to-elliptic topological transitions in twisted bilayers (tBL). Such topological transitions can only occur to limited frequency ranges, restricted by the intrinsic in-plane dispersion of individual hyperbolic surfaces. Here, we report that, by controlling interlayer evanescent coupling in twisted polaritonic trilayers, moldable topological transitions of light can be achieved in broadband. We reveal that the required minimum open angle of the individual hyperbolic polaritonic surface for open-to-close topological transitions can be significantly lowered compared to that of the twisted bilayer counterpart. This increases the degree of freedom to enhance and control near-field light-matter interactions and energy management. As an example, we demonstrate a knob to manipulate near-field radiative heat transfer (NFRHT). By rotating the relative angles of trilayers, exotic and tunable thermal conductance can be achieved. Our findings enrich the controllability of light at the nanoscale in broadband, bringing twisted optical materials one step closer to practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqi Zheng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Guangwei Hu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Xingsi Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Xianghong Kong
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
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47
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Zheng C, Simpson RE, Tang K, Ke Y, Nemati A, Zhang Q, Hu G, Lee C, Teng J, Yang JKW, Wu J, Qiu CW. Enabling Active Nanotechnologies by Phase Transition: From Electronics, Photonics to Thermotics. Chem Rev 2022; 122:15450-15500. [PMID: 35894820 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Phase transitions can occur in certain materials such as transition metal oxides (TMOs) and chalcogenides when there is a change in external conditions such as temperature and pressure. Along with phase transitions in these phase change materials (PCMs) come dramatic contrasts in various physical properties, which can be engineered to manipulate electrons, photons, polaritons, and phonons at the nanoscale, offering new opportunities for reconfigurable, active nanodevices. In this review, we particularly discuss phase-transition-enabled active nanotechnologies in nonvolatile electrical memory, tunable metamaterials, and metasurfaces for manipulation of both free-space photons and in-plane polaritons, and multifunctional emissivity control in the infrared (IR) spectrum. The fundamentals of PCMs are first introduced to explain the origins and principles of phase transitions. Thereafter, we discuss multiphysical nanodevices for electronic, photonic, and thermal management, attesting to the broad applications and exciting promises of PCMs. Emerging trends and valuable applications in all-optical neuromorphic devices, thermal data storage, and encryption are outlined in the end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqi Zheng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore.,NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Robert E Simpson
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD), Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Kechao Tang
- Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices and Circuits (MOE), School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yujie Ke
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD), Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Arash Nemati
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Qing Zhang
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Guangwei Hu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Chengkuo Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Jinghua Teng
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Joel K W Yang
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD), Singapore 487372, Singapore.,Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Junqiao Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, California 94720, United States
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
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48
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Álvarez-Pérez G, Duan J, Taboada-Gutiérrez J, Ou Q, Nikulina E, Liu S, Edgar JH, Bao Q, Giannini V, Hillenbrand R, Martín-Sánchez J, Nikitin AY, Alonso-González P. Negative reflection of nanoscale-confined polaritons in a low-loss natural medium. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabp8486. [PMID: 35857836 PMCID: PMC9299554 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abp8486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Negative reflection occurs when light is reflected toward the same side of the normal to the boundary from which it is incident. This exotic optical phenomenon is not only yet to be visualized in real space but also remains unexplored, both at the nanoscale and in natural media. Here, we directly visualize nanoscale-confined polaritons negatively reflecting on subwavelength mirrors fabricated in a low-loss van der Waals crystal. Our near-field nanoimaging results unveil an unconventional and broad tunability of both the polaritonic wavelength and direction of propagation upon negative reflection. On the basis of these findings, we introduce a device in nano-optics: a hyperbolic nanoresonator, in which hyperbolic polaritons with different momenta reflect back to a common point source, enhancing the intensity. These results pave way to realize nanophotonics in low-loss natural media, providing an efficient route to control nanolight, a key for future on-chip optical nanotechnologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Álvarez-Pérez
- Department of Physics, University of Oviedo, Oviedo 33006, Spain
- Center of Research on Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology CINN (CSIC-Universidad de Oviedo), El Entrego 33940, Spain
| | - Jiahua Duan
- Department of Physics, University of Oviedo, Oviedo 33006, Spain
- Center of Research on Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology CINN (CSIC-Universidad de Oviedo), El Entrego 33940, Spain
- Corresponding author. (P.A.-G.); (A.Y.N.); (J.D.)
| | - Javier Taboada-Gutiérrez
- Department of Physics, University of Oviedo, Oviedo 33006, Spain
- Center of Research on Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology CINN (CSIC-Universidad de Oviedo), El Entrego 33940, Spain
| | - Qingdong Ou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies (FLEET), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elizaveta Nikulina
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA and Department of Electricity and Electronics, UPV/EHU, Donostia-San Sebastián 20018, Spain
| | - Song Liu
- Tim Taylor Department of Chemical Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - James H. Edgar
- Tim Taylor Department of Chemical Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Qiaoliang Bao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies (FLEET), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Nanjing kLight Laser Technology Co. Ltd., Nanjing 210032, China
| | - Vincenzo Giannini
- Instituto de Estructura de la Materia (IEM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Serrano 121, Madrid 28006, Spain
- Technology Innovation Institute, Building B04C, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 9639, United Arab Emirates
- Centre of Excellence, ENSEMBLE 3 Sp. z o.o., Wólczyńska 133, Warsaw 01-919, Poland
| | - Rainer Hillenbrand
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA and Department of Electricity and Electronics, UPV/EHU, Donostia-San Sebastián 20018, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao 48013, Spain
| | - Javier Martín-Sánchez
- Department of Physics, University of Oviedo, Oviedo 33006, Spain
- Center of Research on Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology CINN (CSIC-Universidad de Oviedo), El Entrego 33940, Spain
| | - Alexey Yu Nikitin
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao 48013, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Donostia-San Sebastián 20018, Spain
- Corresponding author. (P.A.-G.); (A.Y.N.); (J.D.)
| | - Pablo Alonso-González
- Department of Physics, University of Oviedo, Oviedo 33006, Spain
- Center of Research on Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology CINN (CSIC-Universidad de Oviedo), El Entrego 33940, Spain
- Corresponding author. (P.A.-G.); (A.Y.N.); (J.D.)
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49
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Ruta FL, Kim BSY, Sun Z, Rizzo DJ, McLeod AS, Rajendran A, Liu S, Millis AJ, Hone JC, Basov DN. Surface plasmons induce topological transition in graphene/α-MoO 3 heterostructures. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3719. [PMID: 35764651 PMCID: PMC9240047 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31477-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Polaritons in hyperbolic van der Waals materials—where principal axes have permittivities of opposite signs—are light-matter modes with unique properties and promising applications. Isofrequency contours of hyperbolic polaritons may undergo topological transitions from open hyperbolas to closed ellipse-like curves, prompting an abrupt change in physical properties. Electronically-tunable topological transitions are especially desirable for future integrated technologies but have yet to be demonstrated. In this work, we present a doping-induced topological transition effected by plasmon-phonon hybridization in graphene/α-MoO3 heterostructures. Scanning near-field optical microscopy was used to image hybrid polaritons in graphene/α-MoO3. We demonstrate the topological transition and characterize hybrid modes, which can be tuned from surface waves to bulk waveguide modes, traversing an exceptional point arising from the anisotropic plasmon-phonon coupling. Graphene/α-MoO3 heterostructures offer the possibility to explore dynamical topological transitions and directional coupling that could inspire new nanophotonic and quantum devices. Hyperbolic phonon polaritons – mixed states of photons and anisotropic lattice vibrations – offer appealing properties for nanophotonic applications. Here, the authors show that the plasmon-phonon hybridization upon electronic doping in graphene/α-MoO3 heterostructures can induce topological transitions of the polariton wavefront.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco L Ruta
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. .,Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Brian S Y Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhiyuan Sun
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel J Rizzo
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Anjaly Rajendran
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Song Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew J Millis
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - James C Hone
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - D N Basov
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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50
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Deng N, Long H, Wang K, Han X, Wang B, Wang K, Lu P. Giant optical anisotropy of WS 2flakes in the visible region characterized by Au substrate assisted near-field optical microscopy. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:345201. [PMID: 35508119 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac6c96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) have attracted considerable attention in the field of photonic integrated circuits due to their giant optical anisotropy. However, on account of their inherent loss in the visible region and the difficulty of measuring high refractive index materials, near-field characterizations of the optical anisotropy of TMD in the visible region have inherent experimental difficulties. In this work, we present a systematical characterization of the optical anisotropy in tungsten disulfide (WS2) flakes by using scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) excited at 671 nm. Transverse-electric and transverse-magnetic (TM) waveguide modes can be excited in WS2flakes with suitable thickness, respectively. With the assistance of the Au substrate, the contrast of the near-field fringes is enhanced in comparison with the SiO2substrate. By combining waveguide mode near-field imaging and theoretical calculations, the in-plane and out-of-plane refractive indexes of WS2are determined to be 4.96 and 3.01, respectively, indicating a high birefringence value up to 1.95. This work offers experimental evidence for the potential application of WS2in optoelectronic integrated circuits in the visible region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Deng
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Long
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Wang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Han
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Wang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Wang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Peixiang Lu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, People's Republic of China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
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