1
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Dai B, Su Y, Guo Y, Wu C, Xie Y. Recent Strategies for the Synthesis of Phase-Pure Ultrathin 1T/1T' Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Nanosheets. Chem Rev 2024; 124:420-454. [PMID: 38146851 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
The past few decades have witnessed a notable increase in transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) related research not only because of the large family of TMD candidates but also because of the various polytypes that arise from the monolayer configuration and layer stacking order. The peculiar physicochemical properties of TMD nanosheets enable an enormous range of applications from fundamental science to industrial technologies based on the preparation of high-quality TMDs. For polymorphic TMDs, the 1T/1T' phase is particularly intriguing because of the enriched density of states, and thus facilitates fruitful chemistry. Herein, we comprehensively discuss the most recent strategies for direct synthesis of phase-pure 1T/1T' TMD nanosheets such as mechanical exfoliation, chemical vapor deposition, wet chemical synthesis, atomic layer deposition, and more. We also review frequently adopted methods for phase engineering in TMD nanosheets ranging from chemical doping and alloying, to charge injection, and irradiation with optical or charged particle beams. Prior to the synthesis methods, we discuss the configuration of TMDs as well as the characterization tools mostly used in experiments. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and opportunities as well as emphasize the promising fields for the future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohu Dai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yueqi Su
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yuqiao Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Changzheng Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yi Xie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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2
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Awate S, Xu K, Liang J, Katz B, Muzzio R, Crespi VH, Katoch J, Fullerton-Shirey SK. Strain-Induced 2H to 1T' Phase Transition in Suspended MoTe 2 Using Electric Double Layer Gating. ACS NANO 2023; 17:22388-22398. [PMID: 37947443 PMCID: PMC10690768 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c04701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
MoTe2 can be converted from the semiconducting (2H) phase to the semimetallic (1T') phase by several stimuli including heat, electrochemical doping, and strain. This type of phase transition, if reversible and gate-controlled, could be useful for low-power memory and logic. In this work, a gate-controlled and fully reversible 2H to 1T' phase transition is demonstrated via strain in few-layer suspended MoTe2 field effect transistors. Strain is applied by the electric double layer gating of a suspended channel using a single ion conducting solid polymer electrolyte. The phase transition is confirmed by simultaneous electrical transport and Raman spectroscopy. The out-of-plane vibration peak (A1g)─a signature of the 1T' phase─is observed when VSG ≥ 2.5 V. Further, a redshift in the in-plane vibration mode (E2g) is detected, which is a characteristic of a strain-induced phonon shift. Based on the magnitude of the shift, strain is estimated to be 0.2-0.3% by density functional theory. Electrically, the temperature coefficient of resistance transitions from negative to positive at VSG ≥ 2 V, confirming the transition from semiconducting to metallic. The approach to gate-controlled, reversible straining presented here can be extended to strain other two-dimensional materials, explore fundamental material properties, and introduce electronic device functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubham
Sukumar Awate
- Department
of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University
of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Ke Xu
- Department
of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University
of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
- School
of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute
of Technology, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
- Microsystems
Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
| | - Jierui Liang
- Department
of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University
of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Benjamin Katz
- Department
of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Ryan Muzzio
- Department
of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Vincent H. Crespi
- Department
of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, The
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Jyoti Katoch
- Department
of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Susan K. Fullerton-Shirey
- Department
of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University
of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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3
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Xia Y, Berry JM, Haataja MP. Classification and Simulation of Structural Phase Transformation-Induced Interfacial Defects in Group VI Transition-Metal Dichalcogenide Monolayers. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:9445-9450. [PMID: 37820381 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Polymorphic 2D materials have recently emerged as promising candidates for use in nanoelectronic devices by way of their ability to undergo structural phase transformations induced by external fields. Under cyclic transformations, however, induced interfacial defects may proliferate and compromise the system properties. Herein, we first employ geometric analysis to classify such defects generated during the 2H ↔ 1T and 2H ↔ 1T' transformations in group VI transition-metal dichalcogenide monolayers. Then, simulations of a mesoscale model with atomistic spatial resolution are conducted to assess the proliferation of such defects during cyclic 2H ↔ 1T transformations. It is shown that defect densities reach a steady state, with the 2H phase remaining more pristine than the 1T and 1T' states. We expect that the effects of these defects on the device performance are application-dependent and will require further inquiry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xia
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Joel M Berry
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Mikko P Haataja
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
- Princeton Materials Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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4
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Li G, Zhang H, Han Y. Applications of Transmission Electron Microscopy in Phase Engineering of Nanomaterials. Chem Rev 2023; 123:10728-10749. [PMID: 37642645 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Phase engineering of nanomaterials (PEN) is an emerging field that aims to tailor the physicochemical properties of nanomaterials by precisely manipulating their crystal phases. To advance PEN effectively, it is vital to possess the capability of characterizing the structures and compositions of nanomaterials with precision. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a versatile tool that combines reciprocal-space diffraction, real-space imaging, and spectroscopic techniques, allowing for comprehensive characterization with exceptional resolution in the domains of time, space, momentum, and, increasingly, even energy. In this Review, we first introduce the fundamental mechanisms behind various TEM-related techniques, along with their respective application scopes and limitations. Subsequently, we review notable applications of TEM in PEN research, including applications in fields such as metallic nanostructures, carbon allotropes, low-dimensional materials, and nanoporous materials. Specifically, we underscore its efficacy in phase identification, composition and chemical state analysis, in situ observations of phase evolution, as well as the challenges encountered when dealing with beam-sensitive materials. Furthermore, we discuss the potential generation of artifacts during TEM imaging, particularly in scanning modes, and propose methods to minimize their occurrence. Finally, we offer our insights into the present state and future trends of this field, discussing emerging technologies including four-dimensional scanning TEM, three-dimensional atomic-resolution imaging, and electron microscopy automation while highlighting the significance and feasibility of these advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanxing Li
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hui Zhang
- Electron Microscopy Center, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yu Han
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Electron Microscopy Center, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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5
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Yu J, Xia CJ, Hu ZY, Sun JP, Hao XP, Wang LX, Fang QL. First principles studies on the electronic and contact properties of single layer 2H-MoS 2/1T'-MX 2 heterojunctions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:3289-3295. [PMID: 35048933 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05077j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Constructed via in-plane heterojunction contacts between the semiconducting 2H phase (as the channel) and the metallic 1T' phase (as the electrode), two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) field-effect transistors (FETs) have received much recent attention because they significantly reduce contact resistance. In this paper, ab initio quantum transport simulation is done to study and predict the electronic states and contact properties of the 2H-MoS2/1T'-MX2 (WS2, TaSe2, NbSe2, MoSe2, TaS2, and NbS2) in-plane heterojunctions. It is found that the interfacial states are not obvious and the fluctuation of the average electron density at the 1T'/2H phase boundary is small for all 2H-MoS2/1T'-MX2 heterojunctions. The average electrostatic potential differences (ΔV) are all negative, which is beneficial to promote the charge transfer from 1T'-MX2 to 2H-MoS2. Moreover, the p-type Schottky contact of the 2H-MoS2/1T'-MX2 heterojunctions is formed and the ΦSB,P values are 0.609 eV, 0.625 eV, 0.641 eV, 0.617 eV, 0.469 eV and 0.477 eV for 1T'-WS2, 1T'-TaSe2, 1T'-NbSe2, 1T'-MoSe2, 1T'-TaS2, and 1T'-NbS2, respectively. The results provide theoretical guidance for designing two-dimensional material devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Yu
- School of Science, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, 710048, China.
| | - Cai-Juan Xia
- School of Science, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, 710048, China.
| | - Zhen-Yang Hu
- School of Science, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, 710048, China.
| | - Jian-Ping Sun
- Division of Thermophysics and Process Measurements, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Xiao-Peng Hao
- Division of Thermophysics and Process Measurements, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Lu-Xia Wang
- Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Qing-Long Fang
- School of Science, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, 710048, China.
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6
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Abstract
Low-dimensional (LD) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) in the form of nanoflakes, which consist of one or several layers, are the subject of intensive fundamental and applied research. The tuning of the electronic properties of the LD-TMDs are commonly related with applied strains and strain gradients, which can strongly affect their polar properties via piezoelectric and flexoelectric couplings. Using the density functional theory and phenomenological Landau approach, we studied the bended 2H-MoS2 monolayer and analyzed its flexoelectric and piezoelectric properties. The dependences of the dipole moment, strain, and strain gradient on the coordinate along the layer were calculated. From these dependences, the components of the flexoelectric and piezoelectric tensors have been determined and analyzed. Our results revealed that the contribution of the flexoelectric effect dominates over the piezoelectric effect in both in-plane and out-of-plane directions of the monolayer. In accordance with our calculations, a realistic strain gradient of about 1 nm−1 can induce an order of magnitude higher than the flexoelectric response in comparison with the piezoelectric reaction. The value of the dilatational flexoelectric coefficient is almost two times smaller than the shear component. It appeared that the components of effective flexoelectric and piezoelectric couplings can be described by parabolic dependences of the corrugation. Obtained results are useful for applications of LD-TMDs in strain engineering and flexible electronics.
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7
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Xia Y, Berry J, Haataja MP. Defect-Enabled Phase Programming of Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Monolayers. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:4676-4683. [PMID: 34042458 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c00742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The ability to tune the local electronic transport properties of group VI transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayers by strain-induced structural phase transformations ("phase programming") has stimulated much interest in the potential applications of such layers as ultrathin programmable and dynamically switchable nanoelectronics components. In this manuscript, we propose a new approach toward controlling TMD monolayer phases by employing macroscopic in-plane strains to amplify heterogeneous strains arising from tailored, spatially extended defects within the monolayer. The efficacy of our proposed approach is demonstrated via numerical simulations of emerging domains localized around arrays of holes, grain boundaries, and compositional heterointerfaces. Quantitative relations between the macroscopic strains required, spatial resolution of domain patterns, and defect configurations are developed. In particular, the introduction of arrays of holes is identified as the most feasible phase programming route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xia
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Joel Berry
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Mikko P Haataja
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
- Princeton Institute for Science and Technology of Materials (PRISM), Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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8
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Huang HH, Fan X, Singh DJ, Zheng WT. Recent progress of TMD nanomaterials: phase transitions and applications. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:1247-1268. [PMID: 31912836 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr08313h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) show wide ranges of electronic properties ranging from semiconducting, semi-metallic to metallic due to their remarkable structural differences. To obtain 2D TMDs with specific properties, it is extremely important to develop particular strategies to obtain specific phase structures. Phase engineering is a traditional method to achieve transformation from one phase to another controllably. Control of such transformations enables the control of properties and access to a range of properties, otherwise inaccessible. Then extraordinary structural, electronic and optical properties lead to a broad range of potential applications. In this review, we introduce the various electronic properties of 2D TMDs and their polymorphs, and strategies and mechanisms for phase transitions, and phase transition kinetics. Moreover, the potential applications of 2D TMDs in energy storage and conversion, including electro/photocatalysts, batteries/supercapacitors and electronic devices, are also discussed. Finally, opportunities and challenges are highlighted. This review may further promote the development of TMD phase engineering and shed light on other two-dimensional materials of fundamental interest and with potential ranges of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Huang
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Fan
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
| | - David J Singh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211-7010, USA and Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - W T Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China. and State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
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9
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Xia Y, Davis RS, Haataja MP. Strain Relaxation in Misfitting Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Monolayer Superlattices: Wrinkling vs Misfit Dislocation Formation. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:8724-8731. [PMID: 31682449 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b03425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) superlattices composed of chemically heterogeneous transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have been proposed as key components in next-generation optoelectronic devices. For potential applications, coherent, defect-free compositional interfaces are usually required. In this paper, a combination of scaling theory and numerical analysis is employed to investigate strain relaxation mechanisms in misfitting, chemically heterogeneous TMDs. We demonstrate that, in free-standing superlattices, wrinkling of the monolayer is asymptotically preferred over misfit dislocation formation in both binary and ternary superlattices. For substrate-supported monolayers, however, misfit dislocation formation is thermodynamically favored above a critical superlattice width, implying the presence of an upper limit to the thermodynamic stability of coherent, misfitting 2D superlattices. Finally, it is shown numerically that the critical superlattice width is only weakly dependent on the misfit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xia
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering , Princeton University , Princeton , New Jersey 08544 , United States
| | - Ryan S Davis
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering , Princeton University , Princeton , New Jersey 08544 , United States
| | - Mikko P Haataja
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering , Princeton University , Princeton , New Jersey 08544 , United States
- Princeton Institute for Science and Technology of Materials (PRISM) , Princeton University , Princeton , New Jersey 08544 , United States
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10
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Berry J, Ristić S, Zhou S, Park J, Srolovitz DJ. The MoSeS dynamic omnigami paradigm for smart shape and composition programmable 2D materials. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5210. [PMID: 31729363 PMCID: PMC6858317 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12945-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The properties of 2D materials can be broadly tuned through alloying and phase and strain engineering. Shape programmable materials offer tremendous functionality, but sub-micron objects are typically unachievable with conventional thin films. Here we propose a new approach, combining phase/strain engineering with shape programming, to form 3D objects by patterned alloying of 2D transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayers. Conjugately, monolayers can be compositionally patterned using non-flat substrates. For concreteness, we focus on the TMD alloy MoSe[Formula: see text]S[Formula: see text]; i.e., MoSeS. These 2D materials down-scale shape/composition programming to nanoscale objects/patterns, provide control of both bending and stretching deformations, are reversibly actuatable with electric fields, and possess the extraordinary and diverse properties of TMDs. Utilizing a first principles-informed continuum model, we demonstrate how a variety of shapes/composition patterns can be programmed and reversibly modulated across length scales. The vast space of possible designs and scales enables novel material properties and thus new applications spanning flexible electronics/optics, catalysis, responsive coatings, and soft robotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Berry
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Materials Science Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Simeon Ristić
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Songsong Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jiwoong Park
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Molecular Engineering, James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David J Srolovitz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. .,Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P. R. China.
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11
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Si C, Choe D, Xie W, Wang H, Sun Z, Bang J, Zhang S. Photoinduced Vacancy Ordering and Phase Transition in MoTe 2. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:3612-3617. [PMID: 31096752 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b00613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We show that non-equilibrium dynamics plays a central role in the photoinduced 2H-to-1T' phase transition of MoTe2. The phase transition is initiated by a local ordering of Te vacancies, followed by a 1T' structural change in the original 2H lattice. The local 1T' region serves as a seed to gather more vacancies into ordering and subsequently induces a further growth of the 1T' phase. Remarkably, this process is controlled by photogenerated excited carriers as they enhance vacancy diffusion, increase the speed of vacancy ordering, and are hence vital to the 1T' phase transition. This mechanism can be contrasted to the current model requiring a collective sliding of a whole Te atomic layer, which is thermodynamically highly unlikely. By uncovering the key roles of photoexcitations, our results may have important implications for finely controlling phase transitions in transition metal dichalcogenides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Si
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Beihang University , Beijing 100191 , People's Republic of China
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics, & Astronomy , Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy , New York 12180 , United States
| | - Dukhyun Choe
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics, & Astronomy , Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy , New York 12180 , United States
| | - Weiyu Xie
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics, & Astronomy , Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy , New York 12180 , United States
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics, & Astronomy , Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy , New York 12180 , United States
| | - Zhimei Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Beihang University , Beijing 100191 , People's Republic of China
| | - Junhyeok Bang
- Spin Engineering Physics Team , Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI) , Daejeon 305-806 , Republic of Korea
| | - Shengbai Zhang
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics, & Astronomy , Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy , New York 12180 , United States
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12
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Premasiri K, Zheng W, Xu B, Ma T, Zhou L, Wu Y, Gao XPA. An electrically driven structural phase transition in single Ag 2Te nanowire devices. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:6629-6634. [PMID: 30895977 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr10000d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Exploring new phase-change materials is instrumental in the progression of electronic memory devices. Ag2Te with its reversible structural phase transition, and in the form of nanowires, has become an apt candidate for potential use in nanoscale memory devices. Here, we report a study on the temperature- or electrically-driven phase change properties of crystalline Ag2Te nanowires. We first demonstrate that this structural phase change can be achieved via heating up the nanowires, which results in a sharp drop in conductance. Then we show that a DC voltage (<1 V) induced Joule heating can be used to reach the phase transition, even without any external heating. This work shows the potential of using Ag2Te nanowires as a phase-change material in low voltage and low power nanoscale devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasun Premasiri
- Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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13
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Tang Q. Enhanced 1T′-Phase Stabilization and Chemical Reactivity in a MoTe2
Monolayer through Contact with a 2D Ca2
N Electride. Chemphyschem 2019; 20:595-601. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201801047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Chongqing University; Chongqing 401331 China
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14
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Ouyang B, Ou P, Song J. Controllable Phase Stabilities in Transition Metal Dichalcogenides through Curvature Engineering: First‐Principles Calculations and Continuum Prediction. ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.201800003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ouyang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Pengfei Ou
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering McGill University Montreal QC H3A 0C5 Canada
| | - Jun Song
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering McGill University Montreal QC H3A 0C5 Canada
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15
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Aslan OB, Datye IM, Mleczko MJ, Cheung KS, Krylyuk S, Bruma A, Kalish I, Davydov AV, Pop E, Heinz TF. Probing the Optical Properties and Strain-Tuning of Ultrathin Mo 1- xW xTe 2. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:2485-2491. [PMID: 29561623 PMCID: PMC7243468 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Ultrathin transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have recently been extensively investigated to understand their electronic and optical properties. Here we study ultrathin Mo0.91W0.09Te2, a semiconducting alloy of MoTe2, using Raman, photoluminescence (PL), and optical absorption spectroscopy. Mo0.91W0.09Te2 transitions from an indirect to a direct optical band gap in the limit of monolayer thickness, exhibiting an optical gap of 1.10 eV, very close to its MoTe2 counterpart. We apply tensile strain, for the first time, to monolayer MoTe2 and Mo0.91W0.09Te2 to tune the band structure of these materials; we observe that their optical band gaps decrease by 70 meV at 2.3% uniaxial strain. The spectral widths of the PL peaks decrease with increasing strain, which we attribute to weaker exciton-phonon intervalley scattering. Strained MoTe2 and Mo0.91W0.09Te2 extend the range of band gaps of TMDC monolayers further into the near-infrared, an important attribute for potential applications in optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozgur Burak Aslan
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Isha M. Datye
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Michal J. Mleczko
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Karen Sze Cheung
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Sergiy Krylyuk
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Theiss Research, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Alina Bruma
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Irina Kalish
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Albert V. Davydov
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Eric Pop
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Precourt Institute for Energy, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Tony F. Heinz
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
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16
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Naylor CH, Parkin WM, Gao Z, Berry J, Zhou S, Zhang Q, McClimon JB, Tan LZ, Kehayias CE, Zhao MQ, Gona RS, Carpick RW, Rappe AM, Srolovitz DJ, Drndic M, Johnson ATC. Synthesis and Physical Properties of Phase-Engineered Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Monolayer Heterostructures. ACS NANO 2017; 11:8619-8627. [PMID: 28767217 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b03828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Heterostructures of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) offer the attractive prospect of combining distinct physical properties derived from different TMD structures. Here, we report direct chemical vapor deposition of in-plane monolayer heterostructures based on 1H-MoS2 and 1T'-MoTe2. The large lattice mismatch between these materials led to intriguing phenomena at their interface. Atomic force microscopy indicated buckling in the 1H region. Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy showed mode structure consistent with Te substitution in the 1H region during 1T'-MoTe2 growth. This was confirmed by atomic resolution transmission electron microscopy, which also revealed an atomically stitched, dislocation-free 1H/1T' interface. Theoretical modeling revealed that both the buckling and absence of interfacial misfit dislocations were explained by lateral gradients in Te substitution levels within the 1H region and elastic coupling between 1H and 1T' domains. Phase field simulations predicted 1T' morphologies with spike-shaped islands at specific orientations consistent with experiments. Electrical measurements across the heterostructure confirmed its electrical continuity. This work demonstrates the feasibility of dislocation-free stitching of two different atomic configurations and a pathway toward direct synthesis of monolayer TMD heterostructures of different phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl H Naylor
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, §Department of Chemistry, and ∥Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - William M Parkin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, §Department of Chemistry, and ∥Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Zhaoli Gao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, §Department of Chemistry, and ∥Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Joel Berry
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, §Department of Chemistry, and ∥Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Songsong Zhou
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, §Department of Chemistry, and ∥Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Qicheng Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, §Department of Chemistry, and ∥Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - John Brandon McClimon
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, §Department of Chemistry, and ∥Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Liang Z Tan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, §Department of Chemistry, and ∥Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Christopher E Kehayias
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, §Department of Chemistry, and ∥Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Meng-Qiang Zhao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, §Department of Chemistry, and ∥Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Ram S Gona
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, §Department of Chemistry, and ∥Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Robert W Carpick
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, §Department of Chemistry, and ∥Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Andrew M Rappe
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, §Department of Chemistry, and ∥Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - David J Srolovitz
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, §Department of Chemistry, and ∥Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Marija Drndic
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, §Department of Chemistry, and ∥Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Alan T Charlie Johnson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, §Department of Chemistry, and ∥Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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17
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Kou L, Du A, Ma Y, Liao T, Chen C. Charging assisted structural phase transitions in monolayer InSe. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:22502-22508. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp04469k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two new phases of InSe with novel electronic properties have been identified by first-principles calculations; charge doping and substrates are suggested as feasible methods to stabilize these structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangzhi Kou
- School of Chemistry
- Physics and Mechanical Engineering Faculty
- Queensland University of Technology
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Aijun Du
- School of Chemistry
- Physics and Mechanical Engineering Faculty
- Queensland University of Technology
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Yandong Ma
- Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie
- Universität Leipzig
- 04103 Leipzig
- Germany
| | - Ting Liao
- School of Chemistry
- Physics and Mechanical Engineering Faculty
- Queensland University of Technology
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Changfeng Chen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and High Pressure Science and Engineering Center
- University of Nevada
- Las Vegas
- USA
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