1
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Tan M, Wang F, Yang J, Zhong Z, Chen G, Chen Z. Hydroxyl silicone oil grafting onto a rough thermoplastic polyurethane surface created durable super-hydrophobicity. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2024; 35:1359-1378. [PMID: 38490948 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2024.2329453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Indwelling medical catheters are frequently utilized in medical procedures, but they are highly susceptible to infection, posing a vital challenge for both health workers and patients. In this study, the superhydrophobic micro-nanostructure surface was constructed on the surface of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) membrane using heavy calcium carbonate (CaCO3) template. To decrease the surface free energy, hydroxyl silicone oil was grafted onto the surface, forming a super-hydrophobic surface. The water contact angle (WCA) increased from 91.1° to 143 ± 3° when the concentration of heavy calcium CaCO3 was 20% (weight-to-volume (w/v)). However, the increased WCA was unstable and tended to decrease over time. After grafting hydroxyl silicone oil, the WCA rose to 152.05 ± 1.62° and remained consistently high for a period of 30 min. Attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) analysis revealed a chemical crosslinking between silicone oil and the surface of TPU. Furthermore, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) image showed the presence of numerous nanoparticles on the micro surface. Atomic force microscope (AFM) testing indicated a significant improvement in surface roughness. This method of creating a hydrophobic surface demonstrated several advantages, including resistance to cell, bacterial, protein, and platelet adhesion and good biosecurity. Therefore, it holds promising potential for application in the development of TPU-based medical catheters with antibacterial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Tan
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Fuping Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinlan Yang
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengpeng Zhong
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Guobao Chen
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhongmin Chen
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
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2
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Ali MS, Cui J. Geometrically Amplified Wetting of Silver Nanosolder on a Rough Diamond Surface. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:9371-9379. [PMID: 38214215 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The wetting behavior of silver at the nanoscale on a textured diamond substrate is not absolutely roughness-dependent in printing diamond chips, tough bioimplant coating, and joining for cutting tool industries. This study uses a molecular dynamics simulation to capture the stochastic wetting behavior toward precision for given geometries. It is deduced that the metalophilic character of molten silver is increased with an increase in roughness on sinusoidal contoured diamond substrates rather than orthogonal pillars of the same roughness until an equilibration time of 210 ps at a temperature of 950 K. Increasing the roughness after the equilibrium time causes a supermetalophilic angle of 13° for the sinusoid at 500 ps, and the orthogonal design causes the Wenzel state. Therefore, wetting states are metastable and ultimately depend upon the wetting time and geometry rather than the roughness only. A high joining strength creates a long-lasting coating, owing to the high surface energy of the textured surface. This study presents effective thin seam development in the least possible time of 230 ps and silver consumption at the nanoscale for supermetalophilic and metalophobic coatings in electronic packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saad Ali
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, People's Republic of China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robots, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianlei Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, People's Republic of China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robots, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, People's Republic of China
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3
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Mirzaalipour A, Aghamohammadi E, Vakili H, Khodabakhsh M, Unal U, Makki H. Molecular Insight into the Effect of Polymer Topology on Wettability of Block Copolymers: The Case of Amphiphilic Polyurethanes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:62-71. [PMID: 38100712 PMCID: PMC10786039 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The microstructure design of multiblock copolymers is essential for achieving desired interfacial properties in submerged applications. Two major design factors are the chemical composition and polymer topology. Despite a clear relationship between chemical composition and wetting, the effect of polymer topology (i.e., linear vs cross-linked polymers) is not very clear. Thus, in this study, we shed light on the molecular origins of polymer topology on the wetting behavior. To this end, we synthesized linear and three-dimensional (3D) cross-linked network topologies of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-modified polycarbonate polyurethanes with the same amount of hydrophilic PEG groups on the surface (confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)) and studied the wetting mechanisms through water contact angle (WCA), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The linear topology exhibited superhydrophilic behavior, while the WCA of the cross-linked polymer was around 50°. AFM analysis (performed on dry and wet samples) suggests that PEG migration toward the interface is the dominant factor. MD simulations confirm the AFM results and unravel the mechanisms: the higher flexibility of PEG in linear topology results in a greater PEG migration to the interface and formation of a thicker interfacial layer (i.e., twice as thick as the cross-linked polymers). Accordingly, water diffusion into the interfacial layer was greater in the case of the linear polymer, leading to better screening of the underneath hydrophobic (polycarbonate) segments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Mirzaalipour
- Department
of Polymer and Color Engineering, Amirkabir
University of Technology, 424 Hafez Ave., 159163-4311 Tehran, Iran
| | - Elnaz Aghamohammadi
- Department
of Polymer and Color Engineering, Amirkabir
University of Technology, 424 Hafez Ave., 159163-4311 Tehran, Iran
| | - Helma Vakili
- Polymer
Engineering group, School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, 1417935840 Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ugur Unal
- Chemistry
Department, Koc University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
- Koc
University Surface Science and Technology Center (KUYTAM), Koc University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hesam Makki
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K.
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4
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Tian G, Cai W, Huang C, Xiang J, Gao Y, Xiao Y, Zhang L, Cheng P, Zhang J, Tang N. A facile fabrication of acid-proof membranes with superhydrophobic high adhesion in air. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2023.131185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
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5
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Min J, Tu J, Xu C, Lukas H, Shin S, Yang Y, Solomon SA, Mukasa D, Gao W. Skin-Interfaced Wearable Sweat Sensors for Precision Medicine. Chem Rev 2023; 123:5049-5138. [PMID: 36971504 PMCID: PMC10406569 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Wearable sensors hold great potential in empowering personalized health monitoring, predictive analytics, and timely intervention toward personalized healthcare. Advances in flexible electronics, materials science, and electrochemistry have spurred the development of wearable sweat sensors that enable the continuous and noninvasive screening of analytes indicative of health status. Existing major challenges in wearable sensors include: improving the sweat extraction and sweat sensing capabilities, improving the form factor of the wearable device for minimal discomfort and reliable measurements when worn, and understanding the clinical value of sweat analytes toward biomarker discovery. This review provides a comprehensive review of wearable sweat sensors and outlines state-of-the-art technologies and research that strive to bridge these gaps. The physiology of sweat, materials, biosensing mechanisms and advances, and approaches for sweat induction and sampling are introduced. Additionally, design considerations for the system-level development of wearable sweat sensing devices, spanning from strategies for prolonged sweat extraction to efficient powering of wearables, are discussed. Furthermore, the applications, data analytics, commercialization efforts, challenges, and prospects of wearable sweat sensors for precision medicine are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihong Min
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA
| | - Jiaobing Tu
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA
| | - Changhao Xu
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA
| | - Heather Lukas
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA
| | - Soyoung Shin
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA
| | - Yiran Yang
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA
| | - Samuel A. Solomon
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA
| | - Daniel Mukasa
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA
| | - Wei Gao
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA
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6
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Hierarchical structure design of electrospun membrane for enhanced membrane distillation treatment of shrimp aquaculture wastewater. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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7
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Evaporation in a single channel in the presence of particles. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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8
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Yonezawa S, Kasahara K, Waku T, Hagiwara Y. Retardation of freezing of precooled, impinged water droplets on glass surfaces with microgrooves and silane coating. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:114701. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0097511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Freezing impinged water droplets on glass surfaces cause serious problems such as reduced visibility of traffic lights and surveillance cameras. Droplets in the air associated with these issues are often at sub-zero temperatures. However, experimental results on the freezing of precooled impinged droplets are limited. In this study, we measured the freezing of precooled and impinged water droplets on cold glass surfaces. Two types of lattice-patterned microscale grooves were formed on glass surfaces to reduce the contact area of droplets and growth of frosts, which contributed to droplet freezing. In addition, the surfaces were coated with a silane coupling agent to further reduce the contact area. We analyzed the images of droplets captured using a high-speed video camera. The results of the linear relationships between the frozen droplet height, freezing-front velocity, and freezing time (for the impinged droplets) indicated that the grooves and coating were effective in the retarding freezing of impinged droplets. This retardation was more evident for frost-free glass surfaces, and less evident for precooled droplets. Moreover, a simple heat transfer analysis was conducted to effectively estimate the overall heat flux and freezing front velocity. The sublimation of frost (adjacent to the impinged droplets) and supercool elimination of the precooled droplets significantly contributed to the heat flux and caused an increase in the freezing front velocity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Yonezawa
- Kyoto Institute of Technology Graduate School of Science and Technology, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kasahara
- Kyoto Institute of Technology Graduate School of Science and Technology, Japan
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9
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Fu F, Wang J, Tan Y, Yu J. Super-Hydrophilic Zwitterionic Polymer Surface Modification Facilitates Liquid Transportation of Microfluidic Sweat Sensors. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 43:e2100776. [PMID: 34825435 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The transportation of sweat in an epidermal sweat sensor is critical for the monitoring of biochemical compositions of human sweat. However, it is still a challenge to engineer microfluidic devices with super-wetting channels for such epidermal sweat sensors. Herein, a zwitterionic poly (2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) (PMPC) modified microfluidic device with super-wetting and good liquid transport ability via an azo coupling reaction of PMPC onto the surface of polydimethylsiloxane microfluidic devices is reported. The obtained PMPC-modified microfluidic device can be integrated with flexible electrochemical sensor to measure the ion compositions of human sweat in real-time. The super-hydrophilic zwitterionic polymer surface modification can greatly facilitate the transportation of body fluids in microfluidic sensors for the detection of various biomarkers. Such microfluidic sensors have great potential for next-generation personalized healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanfan Fu
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing, 210094, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jilei Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yurong Tan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jing Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
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10
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Mechanically Switchable Wetting Petal Effect in Self-Patterned Nanocolumnar Films on Poly(dimethylsiloxane). NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11102566. [PMID: 34685004 PMCID: PMC8538580 DOI: 10.3390/nano11102566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Switchable mechanically induced changes in the wetting behavior of surfaces are of paramount importance for advanced microfluidic, self-cleaning and biomedical applications. In this work we show that the well-known polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomer develops self-patterning when it is coated with nanostructured TiO2 films prepared by physical vapor deposition at glancing angles and subsequently subjected to a mechanical deformation. Thus, unlike the disordered wrinkled surfaces typically created by deformation of the bare elastomer, well-ordered and aligned micro-scaled grooves form on TiO2/PDMS after the first post-deposition bending or stretching event. These regularly patterned surfaces can be reversibly modified by mechanical deformation, thereby inducing a switchable and reversible wetting petal effect and the sliding of liquid droplets. When performed in a dynamic way, this mechanical actuation produces a unique capacity of liquid droplets (water and diiodomethane) transport and tweezing, this latter through their selective capture and release depending on their volume and chemical characteristics. Scanning electron and atomic force microscopy studies of the strained samples showed that a dual-scale roughness, a parallel alignment of patterned grooves and their reversible widening upon deformation, are critical factors controlling this singular sliding behavior and the possibility to tailor their response by the appropriate manufacturing of surface structures.
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11
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Gallo A, Tavares F, Das R, Mishra H. How particle-particle and liquid-particle interactions govern the fate of evaporating liquid marbles. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:7628-7644. [PMID: 34318861 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm00750e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Liquid marbles refer to droplets that are covered with a layer of non-wetting particles. They are observed in nature and have practical significance. These squishy objects bounce, coalesce, break, inflate, and deflate while the liquid does not touch the substrate underneath. Despite the considerable cross-disciplinary interest and value of the research on liquid marbles, a unified framework for describing the mechanics of deflating liquid marbles-as the liquid evaporates-is unavailable. For instance, analytical approaches for modeling the evaporation of liquid marbles exploit empirical parameters that are not based on liquid-particle and particle-particle interactions. Here, we have combined complementary experiments and theory to fill this gap. To unentangle the contributions of particle size, roughness, friction, and chemical make-up, we investigated the evaporation of liquid marbles formed with particles of sizes varying over 7 nm-300 μm and chemical compositions ranging from hydrophilic to superhydrophobic. We demonstrate that the potential final states of evaporating liquid marbles are characterized by one of the following: (I) constant surface area, (II) particle ejection, or (III) multilayering. Based on these insights, we developed an evaporation model for liquid marbles that takes into account their time-dependent shape evolution. The model fits are in excellent agreement with our experimental results. Furthermore, this model and the general framework can provide mechanistic insights into extant literature on the evaporation of liquid marbles. Altogether, these findings advance our fundamental understanding of liquid marbles and should contribute to the rational development of technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gallo
- Interfacial Lab (iLab), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
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12
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Odokonyero K, Gallo A, Mishra H. Nature-inspired wax-coated jute bags for reducing post-harvest storage losses. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15354. [PMID: 34321499 PMCID: PMC8319191 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93247-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-harvest storage of grains is crucial for food and feed reserves and facilitating seeds for planting. Ironically, post-harvest losses continue to be a major food security threat in the developing world, especially where jute bags are utilized. While jute fabrics flaunt mechanical strength and eco-friendliness, their water-loving nature has proven to be their Achilles heel. Increased relative humidity and/or precipitation wets jute, thereby elevating the moisture content of stored seeds and causing fungal growth. This reduces seed longevity, viability, and nutritional value. To address this crucial weakness of jute bags, we followed a nature-inspired approach to modify their surface microtexture and chemical make-up via alkali and wax treatments, respectively. The resulting wax-coated jute bags (WCJBs) exhibited significant water-repellency to simulated rainfall and airborne moisture compared to control jute bags (CJBs). A 2 months-long seed storage experiment with wheat (Triticum aestivum) grains exposed to 55%, 75%, and 98% relative humidity environments revealed that the grains stored in the WCJBs exhibited 7.5-4% lesser (absolute) moisture content than those in the CJBs. Furthermore, WCJBs-stored grains exhibited a 35-12% enhancement in their germination efficacy over the controls. This nature-inspired engineering solution could contribute towards reducing post-harvest losses in the developing world, where jute bags are extensively utilized for grain storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kennedy Odokonyero
- Interfacial Lab, Water Desalination and Reuse Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adair Gallo
- Interfacial Lab, Water Desalination and Reuse Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Himanshu Mishra
- Interfacial Lab, Water Desalination and Reuse Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
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13
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Min S, Li S, Zhu Z, Li W, Tang X, Liang C, Wang L, Cheng X, Li WD. Gradient wettability induced by deterministically patterned nanostructures. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2020; 6:106. [PMID: 34567715 PMCID: PMC8433471 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-020-00215-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We report a large-scale surface with continuously varying wettability induced by ordered gradient nanostructures. The gradient pattern is generated from nonuniform interference lithography by utilizing the Gaussian-shaped intensity distribution of two coherent laser beams. We also develop a facile fabrication method to directly transfer a photoresist pattern into an ultraviolet (UV)-cured high-strength replication molding material, which eliminates the need for high-cost reactive ion etching and e-beam evaporation during the mold fabrication process. This facile mold is then used for the reproducible production of surfaces with gradient wettability using thermal-nanoimprint lithography (NIL). In addition, the wetting behavior of water droplets on the surface with the gradient nanostructures and therefore gradient wettability is investigated. A hybrid wetting model is proposed and theoretically captures the contact angle measurement results, shedding light on the wetting behavior of a liquid on structures patterned at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyi Min
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077 China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518052 China
| | - Shijie Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077 China
| | - Zhouyang Zhu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077 China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077 China
| | - Xin Tang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077 China
| | - Chuwei Liang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077 China
| | - Liqiu Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077 China
- HKU-Zhejiang Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-ZIRI), Hangzhou, 311305 Zhejiang China
| | - Xing Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518052 China
| | - Wen-Di Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077 China
- HKU-Zhejiang Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-ZIRI), Hangzhou, 311305 Zhejiang China
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14
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Manimaran NH, Usman H, Kamga KL, Davidson SL, Beckman E, Niepa THR. Developing a Functional Poly(dimethylsiloxane)-Based Microbial Nanoculture System Using Dimethylallylamine. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:50581-50591. [PMID: 33119264 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c11875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Here, a novel poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)-based microbial culture system was investigated. Bacteria were encapsulated in functional and semipermeable membranes, mimicking the cell microenvironment and facilitating mass transport for interrogating microbial dynamics, thereby overcoming one of the major challenges associated with commercially available PDMS such as Sylgard 184. The hydrophobic nature and lack of control in the polymer network in Sylgard 184 significantly impede the the tunability of the transport and mechanical properties of the material as well as its usage as an isolation chamber for culturing and delivering microbes. Therefore, a novel PDMS composition was developed and functionalized with dimethylallylamine (DMAA) to alter its hydrophobicity and modify the polymer network. Characterization techniques including NMR spectroscopy, contact angle measurements, and sol-gel process were utilized to evaluate the physical and chemical properties of the newly fabricated membranes. Furthermore, the DMAA-containing polymer mixture was used as a proof of concept to generate hydrodynamically stable microcapsules and cultivate Escherichia coli cells in the functionalized capsules. The membrane exhibited a selective permeability to tetracycline, which diffused into the capsules to inhibit the growth of the encapsulated microbes. The functionality achieved here with the addition of DMAA, coupled with the high-throughput encapsulation technique, could prove to be an effective testing and diagnostic tool to evaluate microbial resistance, growth dynamics, and interspecies interaction and lays the foundation for in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nithil Harris Manimaran
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Huda Usman
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Kevine L Kamga
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Shanna-Leigh Davidson
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Eric Beckman
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Tagbo H R Niepa
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
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15
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Seo D, Chen SY, Lee DW, Schrader AM, Ahn K, Page S, Koenig PH, Gizaw Y, Israelachvili JN. The shape and dynamics of deformations of viscoelastic fluids by water droplets. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 580:776-784. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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16
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Nauruzbayeva J, Sun Z, Gallo A, Ibrahim M, Santamarina JC, Mishra H. Electrification at water-hydrophobe interfaces. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5285. [PMID: 33082321 PMCID: PMC7576844 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19054-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms leading to the electrification of water when it comes in contact with hydrophobic surfaces remains a research frontier in chemical science. A clear understanding of these mechanisms could, for instance, aid the rational design of triboelectric generators and micro- and nano-fluidic devices. Here, we investigate the origins of the excess positive charges incurred on water droplets that are dispensed from capillaries made of polypropylene, perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane-coated glass, and polytetrafluoroethylene. Results demonstrate that the magnitude and sign of electrical charges vary depending on: the hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity of the capillary; the presence/absence of a water reservoir inside the capillary; the chemical and physical properties of aqueous solutions such as pH, ionic strength, dielectric constant and dissolved CO2 content; and environmental conditions such as relative humidity. Based on these results, we deduce that common hydrophobic materials possess surface-bound negative charge. Thus, when these surfaces are submerged in water, hydrated cations form an electrical double layer. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the primary role of hydrophobicity is to facilitate water-substrate separation without leaving a significant amount of liquid behind. These results advance the fundamental understanding of water-hydrophobe interfaces and should translate into superior materials and technologies for energy transduction, electrowetting, and separation processes, among others. Electrification of water upon contact with hydrophobic surfaces is a ubiquitous but poorly understood phenomenon. Here, the authors pinpoint the factors responsible for the excess positive charge carried by water droplets dispensed from hydrophobic capillaries, thereby answering some outstanding questions and raising new ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamilya Nauruzbayeva
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Thuwal, 23955 - 6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhonghao Sun
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Ali I. Al-Naimi Petroleum Engineering Research Center (ANPERC), Division of Physical Science and Engineering, Thuwal, 23955 - 6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adair Gallo
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Thuwal, 23955 - 6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Ibrahim
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Thuwal, 23955 - 6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - J Carlos Santamarina
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Ali I. Al-Naimi Petroleum Engineering Research Center (ANPERC), Division of Physical Science and Engineering, Thuwal, 23955 - 6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Himanshu Mishra
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Thuwal, 23955 - 6900, Saudi Arabia.
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17
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Chen YH, Chen G, Lee DJ. Synthesis of low surface energy thin film of polyepichlorohydrin-triazole-ols. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 575:452-463. [PMID: 32388291 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.04.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS The dispersive and polar components of surface energy are influenced by the effective molecular size and the intra-molecular configurations of the polar groups, respectively. The surface energy was hypothesized that the surface energy of a polyepichlorohydrin (PECH)-triazole polymer can be reduced by adding an end hydroxyl group (a polar group) which can interact with the nitrogen on the triazole group to reduce the net dipole of the molecule and to reduce the increase in dispersive surface energy by the addition of alkyl chain (dispersive group). EXPERIMENTS The chlorine atom on PECH rubber was firstly substituted by an azide group, which was then converted to triazole groups linked with alkyl-ol that contained 1-4 carbon atoms. The polymers thus-produced were then spin-coated onto a silicon wafer to form a thin film characterized by static contact angles (30 s contact) and dynamic contact angles for drops of water and diiodomethane. FINDINGS The newly synthesized materials have sufficient thin film-formation capacity. Dual interactions that involve interactions between alkyl-ol hydroxyl group and amine nitrogen and the interaction between ether oxygen and imine nitrogen cause the dispersive surface energy to decrease as the alkyl chain length increases. Consequently, a very low polar surface energy of 0.14 mJ/m2 was obtained for PECH-triazole-propyl-ol, a material without any halogen atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Han Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Guohua Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, Republic of China; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, Republic of China; College of Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung 40704, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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18
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Harito C, Lledo RC, Bavykin DV, Moshrefi‐Torbati M, Islam A, Yuliarto B, Walsh FC. Patterning of worm‐like soft polydimethylsiloxane structures using a
TiO
2
nanotubular array. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Harito
- Department for Management of Science and Technology DevelopmentTon Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
- Faculty of Applied SciencesTon Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Rosa C. Lledo
- Mechatronics Research GroupUniversity of Southampton Southampton UK
- Department for Mechanical EngineeringTechnical University of Denmark Kongens Lyngby Denmark
| | | | | | - Aminul Islam
- Department for Mechanical EngineeringTechnical University of Denmark Kongens Lyngby Denmark
| | - Brian Yuliarto
- Advanced Functional Materials Laboratory, Engineering PhysicsInstitut Teknologi Bandung Bandung Indonesia
- Research Center for Nanosciences and NanotechnologyInstitut Teknologi Bandung Bandung Indonesia
| | - Frank C. Walsh
- Energy Technology GroupUniversity of Southampton Southampton UK
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19
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Pillai S, Santana A, Das R, Shrestha BR, Manalastas E, Mishra H. A molecular to macro level assessment of direct contact membrane distillation for separating organics from water. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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20
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Jiang G, Hu J, Chen L. Preparation of a Flexible Superhydrophobic Surface and Its Wetting Mechanism Based on Fractal Theory. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:8435-8443. [PMID: 32640799 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Substrates of the superhydrophobic surface are important for their application. Preparation of a flexible superhydrophobic surface has drawn more and more attention. In this work, a flexible substrate was made using a semicuring spray method to obtain a flexible superhydrophobic surface with excellent abrasion resistance on the surface of a room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber. Results show that under a bending condition, excellent superhydrophobic properties are still maintained. The Cassie-Baxter model and Wenzel model can be used to estimate the static water contact angle for regular roughness surfaces. There are few numerical theoretical models to predict contact angle or wetting mode for irregular micronanostructures superhydrophobic surfaces. The fractal theory can be used to transform the equation of the Wenzel model and obtain the fractal wetting theory suitable for fractal structures on irregular rough surfaces. However, this fractal-wetting model cannot be applied to the Cassie-Baxter state, which is always suitable for superhydrophobic surfaces. A new method was developed to calculate the static water contact angle of water droplets in the Cassie-Baxter model state. Using image identification and the splitting surface method, a new model is constructed based on the fractal theory. Experimental data for water contact angles on the flexible superhydrophobic surface with SiC/CNTs micronanostructures is in agreement with the simulated values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P.R. China
| | - Jinhuan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P.R. China
| | - Liang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P.R. China
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21
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Abstract
Superomniphobic surfaces, which repel droplets of polar and apolar liquids, are used for reducing frictional drag, packaging electronics and foods, and separation processes, among other applications. These surfaces exploit perfluorocarbons that are expensive, vulnurable to physical damage, and have a long persistence in the environment. Thus, new approaches for achieving superomniphobicity from common materials are desirable. In this context, microtextures comprising “mushroom-shaped” doubly reentrant pillars (DRPs) have been shown to repel drops of polar and apolar liquids in air irrespective of the surface make-up. However, it was recently demonstrated that DRPs get instantaneously infiltrated by the same liquids on submersion because while they can robustly prevent liquid imbibition from the top, they are vulnerable to lateral imbibition. Here, we remedy this weakness through bio-inspiration derived from cuticles of Dicyrtomina ornata, soil-dwelling bugs, that contain cuboidal secondary granules with mushroom-shaped caps on each face. Towards a proof-of-concept demonstration, we created a perimeter of biomimicking pillars around arrays of DRPs using a two-photon polymerization technique; another variation of this design with a short wall passing below the side caps was investigated. The resulting gas-entrapping microtextured surfaces (GEMS) robustly entrap air on submersion in wetting liquids, while also exhibiting superomniphobicity in air. To our knowledge, this is the first-ever microtexture that confers upon intrinsically wetting materials the ability to simultaneously exhibit superomniphobicity in air and robust entrapment of air on submersion. These findings should advance the rational design of coating-free surfaces that exhibit ultra-repellence (or superomniphobicity) towards liquids.
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22
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Mahadik GA, Hernandez-Sanchez JF, Arunachalam S, Gallo A, Cheng L, Farinha AS, Thoroddsen ST, Mishra H, Duarte CM. Superhydrophobicity and size reduction enabled Halobates (Insecta: Heteroptera, Gerridae) to colonize the open ocean. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7785. [PMID: 32385357 PMCID: PMC7210887 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64563-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the remarkable evolutionary success of insects at colonizing every conceivable terrestrial and aquatic habitat, only five Halobates (Heteroptera: Gerridae) species (~0.0001% of all known insect species) have succeeded at colonizing the open ocean - the largest biome on Earth. This remarkable evolutionary achievement likely required unique adaptations for them to survive and thrive in the challenging oceanic environment. For the first time, we explore the morphology and behavior of an open-ocean Halobates germanus and a related coastal species H. hayanus to understand mechanisms of these adaptations. We provide direct experimental evidence based on high-speed videos which reveal that Halobates exploit their specialized and self-groomed body hair to achieve extreme water repellence, which facilitates rapid skating and plastron respiration under water. Moreover, the grooming behavior and presence of cuticular wax aids in the maintenance of superhydrophobicity. Further, reductions of their body mass and size enable them to achieve impressive accelerations (~400 ms-2) and reaction times (~12 ms) to escape approaching predators or environmental threats and are crucial to their survival under harsh marine conditions. These findings might also inspire rational strategies for developing liquid-repellent surfaces for drag reduction, water desalination, and preventing bio-fouling.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Mahadik
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - J F Hernandez-Sanchez
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Physical Science and Engineering (PSE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Arunachalam
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Gallo
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - L Cheng
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0202, USA
| | - A S Farinha
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - S T Thoroddsen
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Physical Science and Engineering (PSE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - H Mishra
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Carlos M Duarte
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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23
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Li H, Shkolyar E, Wang J, Conti S, Pao AC, Liao JC, Wong TS, Wong PK. SLIPS-LAB-A bioinspired bioanalysis system for metabolic evaluation of urinary stone disease. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaba8535. [PMID: 32494753 PMCID: PMC7244315 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba8535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Urinary stone disease is among the most common medical conditions. Standard evaluation of urinary stone disease involves a metabolic workup of stone formers based on measurement of minerals and solutes excreted in 24-hour urine samples. Nevertheless, 24-hour urine testing is slow, expensive, and inconvenient for patients, which has hindered widespread adoption in clinical practice. Here, we demonstrate SLIPS-LAB (Slippery Liquid-Infused Porous Surface Laboratory), a droplet-based bioanalysis system, for rapid measurement of urinary stone-associated analytes. The ultra-repellent and antifouling properties of SLIPS, which is a biologically inspired surface technology, allow autonomous liquid handling and manipulation of physiological samples without complicated sample preparation procedures and supporting equipment. We pilot a study that examines key urinary analytes in clinical samples from patients with urinary stone. The simplicity and speed of SLIPS-LAB hold the potential to provide actionable diagnostic information for patients with urinary stone disease and rapid feedback for responses to dietary and pharmacologic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Eugene Shkolyar
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Simon Conti
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Alan C. Pao
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Joseph C. Liao
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Tak-Sing Wong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Pak Kin Wong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Department of Surgery, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
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24
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Wang Z, Pereira JM, Gan Y. Effect of Wetting Transition during Multiphase Displacement in Porous Media. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:2449-2458. [PMID: 32070092 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b03780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The effects of wettability on multiphase displacement in porous media have been studied extensively in the past, and the contact angle is identified as an important factor influencing the displacement patterns. At the same time, it has been found that the effective contact angle can vary drastically in a time-dependent manner on rough surfaces due to the Cassie-Wenzel wetting transition. In this study, we develop a theoretical model at the pore scale describing the apparent contact angle on a rough interface as a function of time. The theory is then incorporated into the lattice Boltzmann method for simulation of multiphase displacement in disordered porous media. A dimensionless time ratio, Dy, describing the relative speed of the wetting transition and pore invasion is defined. We show that the displacement patterns can be significantly influenced by Dy, where more trapped defending ganglia are observed at large Dy values, leading to lower displacement efficiency. We investigate the mobilization of trapped ganglia through identifying different mobilization dynamics during displacement, including translation, coalescence, and fragmentation. Agreement is observed between the mobilization statistics and the total pressure gradient across a wide range of Dy values. Understanding the effect of the wetting transition during multiphase displacement in porous media is of importance for applications such as carbon geosequestration and oil recovery, especially for porous media where solid surface roughness cannot be neglected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongzheng Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, New South Wales , Australia
- Navier, Ecole des Ponts, Université Gustave Eiffel, CNRS, 77420, Marne-la-Vallée, France
| | - Jean-Michel Pereira
- Navier, Ecole des Ponts, Université Gustave Eiffel, CNRS, 77420, Marne-la-Vallée, France
| | - Yixiang Gan
- School of Civil Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, New South Wales , Australia
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25
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Gonzalez-Avila SR, Nguyen DM, Arunachalam S, Domingues EM, Mishra H, Ohl CD. Mitigating cavitation erosion using biomimetic gas-entrapping microtextured surfaces (GEMS). SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaax6192. [PMID: 32258392 PMCID: PMC7101208 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax6192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Cavitation refers to the formation and collapse of vapor bubbles near solid boundaries in high-speed flows, such as ship propellers and pumps. During this process, cavitation bubbles focus fluid energy on the solid surface by forming high-speed jets, leading to damage and downtime of machinery. In response, numerous surface treatments to counteract this effect have been explored, including perfluorinated coatings and surface hardening, but they all succumb to cavitation erosion eventually. Here, we report on biomimetic gas-entrapping microtextured surfaces (GEMS) that robustly entrap air when immersed in water regardless of the wetting nature of the substrate. Crucially, the entrapment of air inside the cavities repels cavitation bubbles away from the surface, thereby preventing cavitation damage. We provide mechanistic insights by treating the system as a potential flow problem of a multi-bubble system. Our findings present a possible avenue for mitigating cavitation erosion through the application of inexpensive and environmentally friendly materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dang Minh Nguyen
- Department for Soft Matter, Institute for Physics, Otto-von-Guerick University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Department of Physics and Applied Physics, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Sankara Arunachalam
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eddy M. Domingues
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Himanshu Mishra
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Claus-Dieter Ohl
- Department for Soft Matter, Institute for Physics, Otto-von-Guerick University, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Department of Physics and Applied Physics, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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26
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Deka BJ, Guo J, Khanzada NK, An AK. Omniphobic re-entrant PVDF membrane with ZnO nanoparticles composite for desalination of low surface tension oily seawater. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 165:114982. [PMID: 31473356 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.114982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an omniphobic membrane was fabricated by electrospraying fluorinated zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) mixed with polyvinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP) on the surface of an organosilane functionalized polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membrane. Our results revealed that the functionalized ZnO NPs membrane exhibited a rough hierarchical re-entrant morphology with low surface energy which allowed it to achieve high omniphobic characteristics. It was observed that the addition of 30% ZnO (w/w of PVDF-HFP) was found to be optimal and imparted a high repulsive characteristic. The optimized PVDF/ZnO(30)/FAS/PVDF-HFP referred as cPFP-30Z membrane exhibited a high contact angle values of 159.0 ± 3.1°, 129.6 ± 2.2°, 130.4 ± 4.1° and 126.1 ± 1.2° for water, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) saline solution (0.3 mM SDS in 3.5% NaCl), ethanol, and vegetable oil, respectively. The low surface energy and high surface roughness (Ra) of optimised membrane was assessed as 0.78 ± 0.14 mN m-1 and 1.37 μm, respectively. Additionally, in contrast with the commercial PVDF membrane, the cPFP-30Z membrane exhibited superior anti-wetting/anti-fouling characteristics and high salt rejection performance (>99%) when operated with a saline oil solution (0.015 v/v) and SDS (0.4 mM) feed solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Jyoti Deka
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Jiaxin Guo
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Noman Khalid Khanzada
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Alicia Kyoungjin An
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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27
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Nam G, Yoon SH. Predicting the temporal wetting of porous, surfactant-added polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 556:503-513. [PMID: 31473540 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.08.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Diverse surface/bulk treatments have been introduced to overcome the interfacial limitations of pristine (or untreated) PDMS, thus extending the possible applications of PDMS in micro/nano device development. Despite of extensive efforts, the temporal wetting change of PDMS induced by surface/bulk treatments still remains incompletely understood. We prepared 3 kinds of physicochemically treated PDMS blocks using widely used surface/bulk treatments-3D interconnected pore network formation, biocompatible surfactant (i.e., Silwet L-77) addition, and combination of both. Their wetting nature was characterized by measuring the time profile of water contact angle. A 3D interconnected pore network formation produced a time-invariant decrease in PDMS wettability; a surfactant addition increased the PDMS wettability in a time-variant way; a combination of pore network formation and surfactant addition had a combined effect. The measurement led to the successful development of a model for predicting the temporal wetting change in PDMS caused by variances in pore size and surfactant concentration. The accuracy of our model was verified by comparing experimental results with model predictions. This model will result in better understanding of polymer interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyungmok Nam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hee Yoon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea.
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28
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Das R, Arunachalam S, Ahmad Z, Manalastas E, Mishra H. Bio-inspired gas-entrapping membranes (GEMs) derived from common water-wet materials for green desalination. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.117185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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29
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Shrestha BR, Pillai S, Santana A, Donaldson SH, Pascal TA, Mishra H. Nuclear Quantum Effects in Hydrophobic Nanoconfinement. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:5530-5535. [PMID: 31365261 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear quantum effects (NQEs) in water arise due to delocalization, zero-point energy (ZPE), and quantum tunneling of protons. Whereas quantum tunneling is significant only at low temperatures, proton delocalization and ZPE influence the properties of water at normal temperature and pressure (NTP), giving rise to isotope effects. However, the consequences of NQEs for interfaces of water with hydrophobic media, such as perfluorocarbons, have remained largely unexplored. Here, we reveal the existence and signature of NQEs modulating hydrophobic surface forces at NTP. Our experiments demonstrate that the attractive hydrophobic forces between molecularly smooth and rigid perfluorinated surfaces in nanoconfinement are ≈10% higher in H2O than in D2O, even though the contact angles of H2O and D2O on these surfaces are indistinguishable. Our molecular dynamics simulations show that the underlying cause of the difference includes the destabilizing effect of ZPE on the librational motions of interfacial H2O, which experiences larger quantum effects than D2O.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buddha Ratna Shrestha
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division , Thuwal 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Sreekiran Pillai
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division , Thuwal 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Adriano Santana
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division , Thuwal 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Stephen H Donaldson
- Département de Physique , Ecole Normale Supérieure/PSL Research University, CNRS , 24 rue Lhomond , 75005 Paris , France
| | - Tod A Pascal
- ATLaS Laboratory, Department of NanoEngineering and Chemical Engineering , University of California, San Diego , La Jolla , California 92023 , United States
| | - Himanshu Mishra
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division , Thuwal 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia
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30
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Subramanian N, Qamar A, Alsaadi A, Gallo A, Ridwan MG, Lee JG, Pillai S, Arunachalam S, Anjum D, Sharipov F, Ghaffour N, Mishra H. Evaluating the potential of superhydrophobic nanoporous alumina membranes for direct contact membrane distillation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 533:723-732. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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31
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Arunachalam S, Das R, Nauruzbayeva J, Domingues EM, Mishra H. Assessing omniphobicity by immersion. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 534:156-162. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.08.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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32
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Domingues EM, Arunachalam S, Nauruzbayeva J, Mishra H. Biomimetic coating-free surfaces for long-term entrapment of air under wetting liquids. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3606. [PMID: 30190456 PMCID: PMC6127334 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05895-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Trapping air at the solid-liquid interface is a promising strategy for reducing frictional drag and desalting water, although it has thus far remained unachievable without perfluorinated coatings. Here, we report on biomimetic microtextures composed of doubly reentrant cavities (DRCs) and reentrant cavities (RCs) that can enable even intrinsically wetting materials to entrap air for long periods upon immersion in liquids. Using SiO2/Si wafers as the model system, we demonstrate that while the air entrapped in simple cylindrical cavities immersed in hexadecane is lost after 0.2 s, the air entrapped in the DRCs remained intact even after 27 days (~106 s). To understand the factors and mechanisms underlying this ten-million-fold enhancement, we compared the behaviors of DRCs, RCs and simple cavities of circular and non-circular shapes on immersion in liquids of low and high vapor pressures through high-speed imaging, confocal microscopy, and pressure cells. Those results might advance the development of coating-free liquid repellent surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eddy M Domingues
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sankara Arunachalam
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jamilya Nauruzbayeva
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Himanshu Mishra
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
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Computational discovery of chemically patterned surfaces that effect unique hydration water dynamics. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:8093-8098. [PMID: 30038028 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1807208115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The interactions of water with solid surfaces govern their apparent hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity, influenced at the molecular scale by surface coverage of chemical groups of varied nonpolar/polar character. Recently, it has become clear that the precise patterning of surface groups, and not simply average surface coverage, has a significant impact on the structure and thermodynamics of hydration layer water, and, in turn, on macroscopic interfacial properties. Here we show that patterning also controls the dynamics of hydration water, a behavior frequently thought to be leveraged by biomolecules to influence functional dynamics, but yet to be generalized. To uncover the role of surface heterogeneities, we couple a genetic algorithm to iterative molecular dynamics simulations to design the patterning of surface functional groups, at fixed coverage, to either minimize or maximize proximal water diffusivity. Optimized surface configurations reveal that clustering of hydrophilic groups increases hydration water mobility, while dispersing them decreases it, but only if hydrophilic moieties interact with water through directional, hydrogen-bonding interactions. Remarkably, we find that, across different surfaces, coverages, and patterns, both the chemical potential for inserting a methane-sized hydrophobe near the interface and, in particular, the hydration water orientational entropy serve as strong predictors for hydration water diffusivity, suggesting that these simple thermodynamic quantities encode the way surfaces control water dynamics. These results suggest a deep and intriguing connection between hydration water thermodynamics and dynamics, demonstrating that subnanometer chemical surface patterning is an important design parameter for engineering solid-water interfaces with applications spanning separations to catalysis.
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Nascimento RMD, Ramos SMM, Bechtold IH, Hernandes AC. Wettability Study on Natural Rubber Surfaces for Applications as Biomembranes. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:2784-2793. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rodney Marcelo do Nascimento
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, Avenida João
Dagnone, 1100, Jardim Santa Angelina, CEP 13563-120, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Stella M. M. Ramos
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306 Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Ivan Helmuth Bechtold
- Departamento de Fisica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Campus Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, s/n, Trindade, CEP 88040-900, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Antônio Carlos Hernandes
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, Avenida João
Dagnone, 1100, Jardim Santa Angelina, CEP 13563-120, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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35
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Khodaparast S, Atasi O, Deblais A, Scheid B, Stone HA. Dewetting of Thin Liquid Films Surrounding Air Bubbles in Microchannels. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:1363-1370. [PMID: 29239613 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b03839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
As an air bubble translates in a microchannel, a thin film of liquid is formed on the bounding walls. In a microchannel with a rectangular cross-section, the liquid in the film leaks toward the low-pressure corners of the geometry, which leads to the appearance of local minima in the film thickness in the cross-sectional plane. In such a configuration, theory suggests that the minimum film thickness scales with Ca and Ca4/3 depending on the distance from the nose of the bubble, where Ca = μUb/γ is the flow capillary number based on the bubble velocity Ub, liquid viscosity μ, and surface tension γ, and Ca ≪ 1. We show that the film of a partially wetting liquid dewets on the channel wall at the sites of the local minima in the film thickness as it acquires thicknesses around and below 100 nm. Our experiments show that the distance Lw between the nose of the bubble and the initial dewetting location is a function of Ca and surface wettability. For channels of different wettability, Lw always scales proportional to Caα, where 1.7 < α < 2 for the range of 10-5 < Ca < 10-2. Moreover, Lw increases up to 10 times by enhancing the wettability of the surface at a given Ca. Our present measurements of Lw provide a design constraint on the lengths of bubbles to maintain a liquid wet channel without dry patches on the wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Khodaparast
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - O Atasi
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
- TIPs (Transfers, Interfaces and Processes), Université Libre de Bruxelles , Brussels 1050, Belgium
| | - A Deblais
- Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam , 1098XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - B Scheid
- TIPs (Transfers, Interfaces and Processes), Université Libre de Bruxelles , Brussels 1050, Belgium
| | - H A Stone
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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36
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Xu Q, Wu X, Wang Z, Hu TS, Street J, Luo Y, Xia Z. Temperature-induced tunable adhesion of gecko setae/spatulae and their biomimics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2018.07.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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37
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Papadimitriou VA, Segerink LI, van den Berg A, Eijkel JCT. 3D capillary stop valves for versatile patterning inside microfluidic chips. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 1000:232-238. [PMID: 29289315 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The patterning of antibodies in microfluidics chips is always a delicate process that is usually done in an open chip before bonding. Typical bonding techniques such as plasma treatment can harm the antibodies with as result that they are removed from our fabrication toolbox. Here we propose a method, based on capillary phenomena using 3D capillary valves, that autonomously and conveniently allows us to pattern liquids inside closed chips. We theoretically analyse the system and demonstrate how our analysis can be used as a design tool for various applications. Chips patterned with the method were used for simple immunodetection of a cardiac biomarker which demonstrates its suitability for antibody patterning.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Papadimitriou
- BIOS-Lab on a Chip Group, MESA+ Institute of Nanotechnology, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, Max Planck - University of Twente Center for Complex Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, The Netherlands.
| | - L I Segerink
- BIOS-Lab on a Chip Group, MESA+ Institute of Nanotechnology, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, Max Planck - University of Twente Center for Complex Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, The Netherlands
| | - A van den Berg
- BIOS-Lab on a Chip Group, MESA+ Institute of Nanotechnology, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, Max Planck - University of Twente Center for Complex Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, The Netherlands
| | - J C T Eijkel
- BIOS-Lab on a Chip Group, MESA+ Institute of Nanotechnology, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, Max Planck - University of Twente Center for Complex Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, The Netherlands
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38
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Hamid ISLA, Manaf AA. Effect of 3D microstructure geometry on wetting properties of PDMS surfaces by micro 3-dimensional (3D) grayscale fabrication technique. 2017 IEEE REGIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON MICRO AND NANOELECTRONICS (RSM) 2017. [DOI: 10.1109/rsm.2017.8069145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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39
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Cherukupally P, Acosta EJ, Hinestroza JP, Bilton AM, Park CB. Acid-Base Polymeric Foams for the Adsorption of Micro-oil Droplets from Industrial Effluents. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:8552-8560. [PMID: 28704061 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b01255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Separation of toxic organic pollutants from industrial effluents is a great environmental challenge. Herein, an acid-base engineered foam is employed for separation of micro-oil droplets from an aqueous solution. In acidic or basic environments, acid-base polymers acquire surface charge due to protonation or dissociation of surface active functional groups. This property is invoked to adsorb crude oil microdroplets from water using polyester polyurethane (PESPU) foam. The physicochemical surface properties of the foam were characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, inverse gas chromatography, electrokinetic analysis, and micro-computed tomography. Using the surface charge of the foam and oil droplets, the solution pH (5.6) for maximum separation efficacy was predicted. This optimal pH was verified through underwater wetting behavior and adsorption experiments. The droplet adsorption onto the foam was governed by physisorption, and the driving forces were attributed to electrostatic attraction and Lifshitz-van der Waals forces. The foam was regenerated and reused multiple times by simple compression. The lowest trace oil content in the retentate was 3.6 mg L-1, and all oil droplets larger than 140 nm were removed. This work lays the foundation for the development of a new class of engineered foam adsorbents with the potential to revolutionize water treatment technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edgar J Acosta
- Laboratory of Colloid and Formulation Engineering , Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Juan P Hinestroza
- Fiber Science Program, Cornell University , 37 Forest Home Drive, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
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40
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Foroutan M, Zahedi H, Esmaeilian F. Temperature effects on spreading of water nano-droplet on poly(methyl methacrylate): A molecular dynamics simulation study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.24409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masumeh Foroutan
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science; University of Tehran; Tehran 1417614418 Iran
| | - Hojat Zahedi
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science; University of Tehran; Tehran 1417614418 Iran
| | - Farshad Esmaeilian
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science; University of Tehran; Tehran 1417614418 Iran
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41
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Domingues EM, Arunachalam S, Mishra H. Doubly Reentrant Cavities Prevent Catastrophic Wetting Transitions on Intrinsically Wetting Surfaces. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:21532-21538. [PMID: 28580784 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b03526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Omniphobic surfaces, that is, which repel all known liquids, have proven of value in applications ranging from membrane distillation to underwater drag reduction. A limitation of currently employed omniphobic surfaces is that they rely on perfluorinated coatings, increasing cost and environmental impact and preventing applications in harsh environments. Thus, there is a keen interest in rendering conventional materials, such as plastics, omniphobic by micro/nanotexturing rather than via chemical makeup, with notable success having been achieved for silica surfaces with doubly reentrant micropillars. However, we found a critical limitation of microtextures comprising pillars that they undergo catastrophic wetting transitions (apparent contact angles, θr → 0° from θr > 90°) in the presence of localized physical damages/defects or on immersion in wetting liquids. In response, a doubly reentrant cavity microtexture is introduced, which can prevent catastrophic wetting transitions in the presence of localized structural damage/defects or on immersion in wetting liquids. Remarkably, our silica surfaces with doubly reentrant cavities could exhibit apparent contact angles, θr ≈ 135° for mineral oil, where the intrinsic contact angle, θo ≈ 20°. Further, when immersed in mineral oil or water, doubly reentrant microtextures in silica (θo ≈ 40° for water) were not penetrated even after several days of investigation. Thus, microtextures comprising doubly reentrant cavities might enable applications of conventional materials without chemical modifications, especially in scenarios that are prone to localized damages or immersion in wetting liquids, for example, hydrodynamic drag reduction and membrane distillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eddy M Domingues
- Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sankara Arunachalam
- Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Himanshu Mishra
- Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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42
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Patterson AL, Wenning B, Rizis G, Calabrese DR, Finlay JA, Franco SC, Zuckermann RN, Clare AS, Kramer EJ, Ober CK, Segalman RA. Role of Backbone Chemistry and Monomer Sequence in Amphiphilic Oligopeptide- and Oligopeptoid-Functionalized PDMS- and PEO-Based Block Copolymers for Marine Antifouling and Fouling Release Coatings. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b02505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - John A. Finlay
- School
of Marine Science and Technology, Newcastle University, Newcastle
upon Tyne NE17RU, U.K
| | - Sofia C. Franco
- School
of Marine Science and Technology, Newcastle University, Newcastle
upon Tyne NE17RU, U.K
| | - Ronald N. Zuckermann
- The
Molecular
Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Anthony S. Clare
- School
of Marine Science and Technology, Newcastle University, Newcastle
upon Tyne NE17RU, U.K
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Wang Y, Zhu Y, Zhang C, Li J, Guan Z. Transparent, Superhydrophobic Surface with Varied Surface Tension Responsiveness in Wettability Based on Tunable Porous Silica Structure for Gauging Liquid Surface Tension. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:4142-4150. [PMID: 28071885 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b12779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Any solid surface can spontaneously exhibit variational wettability toward liquids with varied surface tension (γ). However, this correspondence has seldom been proposed or used on an artificial superhydrophobic surface, which should be more remarkable and peculiar. Herein, we fabricated robust, transparent superhydrophobic surfaces utilizing acid- and base-catalyzed silica (AC- and BC-silica) particles combined with candle soot template for structural construction and the CVD process for chemical modification. Three types of porous silica structures were devised, which presented distinctive surface tension responsiveness in wettability. Interestingly, all types of surfaces (i.e., AC-, AC/BC-, and BC-silica) show high repellence to high surface tension liquid (γ > 35 mN/m), and small differences are observed. With decreasing γ of the ethanol-water mixtures (γ < 35 mN/m), the static contact angles (SCAs) on all surfaces have an evident decline, but the features of the decreases are fairly different. As γ decreases, the SCA on the AC-silica surface decreases gradually, but the extent of decline becomes larger when γ < 27.42 mN/m. However, the SCA on the BC-silica surface decreases gradually except for γ ≈ 30.81 mN/m, and the SCA undergoes a sharp decline at γ ≈ 30.81 mN/m. The SCA on the AC/BC-silica surface has a similar variation as that of the SCA on the BC-silica surface, but a lower rate of BC-silica particles, e.g., 1/16, 1/8, 1/1 (AC/BC), further diminishes the critical γ values (where a sharp SCA drop occurs) to 30.16, 29.56, and 28.04 mN/m, respectively. The diversity is believed to be ascribed to the structure-induced selectivity of pore infiltration for the liquid. The tunable responsiveness can be generalized to various classes of organic aqueous solutions including methanol, acetic acid, acetone, and N,N-dimethylformamide. Benefiting from this, we can estimate organics concentration of an organic aqueous solution as well as its liquid surface tension by detecting its wettability on all of the diverse superhydrophobic surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites , Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yingjie Zhu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Chunyang Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites , Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jun Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites , Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zisheng Guan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites , Nanjing 210009, China
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44
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Zhang C, Zhao X, Lei J, Ma Y, Du F. The wetting behavior of aqueous surfactant solutions on wheat (Triticum aestivum) leaf surfaces. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:503-513. [PMID: 27934995 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm02387h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In this research the wetting behavior of agro-surfactant solutions (Triton X-100, SDS, DTAB) on wheat leaf surfaces have been investigated based on the surface free energy, surface tension, and the contact angle. The results show that the contact angle of those surfactant solutions keeps constant with low adsorption at interfaces below 1 × 10-5 mol L-1. With the increase in concentration, the contact angles of Triton X-100 decrease sharply because the adsorption of molecules at solid-liquid interfaces (ΓSL') is several times greater than that at liquid-air interfaces (ΓLV). With regards to SDS and DTAB, the contact angle also decreases but is even larger than 90° above the CMC, while the ratio of ΓSL' to ΓLV is about 1.20, demonstrating that the Gibbs surface excess is related to the structure of surfactant molecules. Obviously, besides the properties of wheat leaf surfaces and surfactant solutions, the wetting behavior mainly depends on their noncovalent interactions. Among these, the hydrophobic interaction is the main force promoting molecules to adsorb on the surface, with the assistance of the Lifshitz-van der Waals interactions and the electrostatic interactions. According to the mechanism of their wetting behavior on plant surfaces, the recipe of pesticide formulation can be adjusted with better wettability to reduce its loss, consequently improving pesticide utilization and decreasing environmental contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhui Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China.
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China.
| | - Jinmei Lei
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China.
| | - Yue Ma
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China.
| | - Fengpei Du
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China.
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45
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Sheng J, Zhang M, Xu Y, Yu J, Ding B. Tailoring Water-Resistant and Breathable Performance of Polyacrylonitrile Nanofibrous Membranes Modified by Polydimethylsiloxane. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:27218-27226. [PMID: 27661093 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b09392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The demand of water-resistant and breathable materials applied to a separation medium and protective garments is steadily increasing. Typical approaches to obtain these functional materials are based on hydrophobic agents and porous substrates with small fiber diameter, tiny pore, and high porosity. However, a fluorinated hydrophobic finishing agent usually employed in providing effective waterproofness is limited with respect to their environmental persistence and toxic potential. Herein, with the aim to keep a balance between the water-resistance and breathability as well as mechanical properties, we fabricate a novel fluoride-free functional membrane by electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers modified with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). As determined by morphological, DSC, and FT-IR analyses, the curing reaction of PDMS macromolecules formed an abundance of hydrophobic adhesive structures, which improved the waterproof performance dramatically and imparted relative good breathability at the same time. By systematically tuning the curing temperature as well as the concentration of PDMS, the modified PAN membranes with 4 wt % PDMS possessed good water-resistance (80.9 kPa), modest vapor permeability (12.5 kg m-2 d-1), and air permeability (9.9 mm s-1). Compared with pristine PAN membranes, the modified membranes were endowed with enhanced tensile stress of 15.7 MPa. The good comprehensive performance of the as-prepared membranes suggested their potential applications in protective clothing, membrane distillation, self-cleaning materials, and other medical products. Furthermore, the proposed relationship between porous structure and waterproof/breathable property as one considerable principle is applicable to designing functional membranes with different levels of protective and comfortable performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlu Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University , Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University , Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yue Xu
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University , Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jianyong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University , Shanghai 201620, China
- Nanofibers Research Center, Modern Textile Institute, Donghua University , Shanghai 200051, China
| | - Bin Ding
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University , Shanghai 201620, China
- Nanofibers Research Center, Modern Textile Institute, Donghua University , Shanghai 200051, China
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46
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Zahiri B, Sow PK, Kung CH, Mérida W. Validation of surface wettability theories via electrochemical analysis. Electrochem commun 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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