1
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Sun S, Liu Y, Gao H, Guan W, Zhao Y, Li G. Cell culture on suspended fiber for tissue regeneration: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 268:131827. [PMID: 38670204 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Cell culturing is a cornerstone of tissue engineering, playing a crucial role in tissue regeneration, drug screening, and the study of disease mechanisms. Among various culturing techniques, 3D culture systems, particularly those utilizing suspended fiber scaffolds, offer a more physiologically relevant environment than traditional 2D monolayer cultures. These 3D scaffolds enhance cell growth, differentiation, and proliferation by mimicking the in vivo cellular milieu. This review focuses on the critical role of suspended fiber scaffolds in tissue engineering. We compare the effectiveness of 3D suspended fiber scaffolds with 2D culture systems, discussing their respective benefits and limitations in the context of tissue regeneration. Furthermore, we explore the preparation methods of suspended fiber scaffolds and their potential applications. The review concludes by considering future research directions for optimizing suspended fiber scaffolds to address specific challenges in tissue regeneration, underscoring their significant promise in advancing tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaolan Sun
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Key laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Nantong University, 226001 Nantong, PR China
| | - Yaqiong Liu
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Key laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Nantong University, 226001 Nantong, PR China
| | - Hongxia Gao
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Key laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Nantong University, 226001 Nantong, PR China
| | - Wenchao Guan
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Key laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Nantong University, 226001 Nantong, PR China
| | - Yahong Zhao
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Key laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Nantong University, 226001 Nantong, PR China
| | - Guicai Li
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Key laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Nantong University, 226001 Nantong, PR China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Medical Protective and Implant Devices, 450018 Zhengzhou, PR China.
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2
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Qiu B, Wu D, Xue M, Ou L, Zheng Y, Xu F, Jin H, Gao Q, Zhuang J, Cen J, Lin B, Su YC, Chen S, Sun D. 3D Aligned Nanofiber Scaffold Fabrication with Trench-Guided Electrospinning for Cardiac Tissue Engineering. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:4709-4718. [PMID: 38388349 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Constructing three-dimensional (3D) aligned nanofiber scaffolds is significant for the development of cardiac tissue engineering, which is promising in the field of drug discovery and disease mechanism study. However, the current nanofiber scaffold preparation strategy, which mainly includes manual assembly and hybrid 3D printing, faces the challenge of integrated fabrication of morphology-controllable nanofibers due to its cross-scale structural feature. In this research, a trench-guided electrospinning (ES) strategy was proposed to directly fabricate 3D aligned nanofiber scaffolds with alternative ES and a direct ink writing (DIW) process. The electric field effect of DIW poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) side walls on guiding whipping ES nanofibers was investigated to construct trench design rules. It was found that the width/height ratio of trenches greatly affected the nanofiber alignment, and the trench width/height ratio of 1.5 provided the nanofiber alignment degree over 60%. As a proof of principle, 3D nanofiber scaffolds with controllable porosity (60-80%) and alignment (30-60%) were fabricated. The effect of the scaffolds was verified by culturing human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs), which resulted in the uniform 3D distribution of aligned hiPSC-CMs with ∼1000 μm thickness. Therefore, this printing strategy shows great potential for the efficient engineered tissue construction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Qiu
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Dongyang Wu
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Mingcheng Xue
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Lu Ou
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yanfei Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Hang Jin
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jian Zhuang
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jianzheng Cen
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Bin Lin
- Guangdong Beating Origin Regenerative Medicine Co. Ltd., Foshan 528231, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu-Chuan Su
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan, China
| | - Songyue Chen
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Daoheng Sun
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
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3
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Aazmi A, Zhang D, Mazzaglia C, Yu M, Wang Z, Yang H, Huang YYS, Ma L. Biofabrication methods for reconstructing extracellular matrix mimetics. Bioact Mater 2024; 31:475-496. [PMID: 37719085 PMCID: PMC10500422 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In the human body, almost all cells interact with extracellular matrices (ECMs), which have tissue and organ-specific compositions and architectures. These ECMs not only function as cellular scaffolds, providing structural support, but also play a crucial role in dynamically regulating various cellular functions. This comprehensive review delves into the examination of biofabrication strategies used to develop bioactive materials that accurately mimic one or more biophysical and biochemical properties of ECMs. We discuss the potential integration of these ECM-mimics into a range of physiological and pathological in vitro models, enhancing our understanding of cellular behavior and tissue organization. Lastly, we propose future research directions for ECM-mimics in the context of tissue engineering and organ-on-a-chip applications, offering potential advancements in therapeutic approaches and improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdellah Aazmi
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Duo Zhang
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 51817, China
| | - Corrado Mazzaglia
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mengfei Yu
- The Affiliated Stomatologic Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Center for Laboratory Medicine, Allergy Center, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Huayong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yan Yan Shery Huang
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Liang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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4
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Wang W, Ka SGS, Pan Y, Sheng Y, Huang YYS. Biointerface Fiber Technology from Electrospinning to Inflight Printing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 38109220 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Building two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) micro- and nanofibril structures with designable patterns and functionalities will offer exciting prospects for numerous applications spanning from permeable bioelectronics to tissue engineering scaffolds. This Spotlight on Applications highlights recent technological advances in fiber printing and patterning with functional materials for biointerfacing applications. We first introduce the current state of development of micro- and nanofibers with applications in biology and medical wearables. We then describe our contributions in developing a series of fiber printing techniques that enable the patterning of functional fiber architectures in three dimensions. These fiber printing techniques expand the material library and device designs, which underpin technological capabilities from enabling fundamental studies in cell migration to customizable and ecofriendly fabrication of sensors. Finally, we provide an outlook on the strategic pathways for developing the next-generation bioelectronics and "Fiber-of-Things" (FoT) using nano/micro-fibers as architectural building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Wang
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, CB2 1PZ Cambridge, United Kingdom
- The Nanoscience Centre, University of Cambridge, 11 JJ Thomson Avenue, CB3 0FF Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Stanley Gong Sheng Ka
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, CB2 1PZ Cambridge, United Kingdom
- The Nanoscience Centre, University of Cambridge, 11 JJ Thomson Avenue, CB3 0FF Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Yifei Pan
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, CB2 1PZ Cambridge, United Kingdom
- The Nanoscience Centre, University of Cambridge, 11 JJ Thomson Avenue, CB3 0FF Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Yaqi Sheng
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, CB2 1PZ Cambridge, United Kingdom
- The Nanoscience Centre, University of Cambridge, 11 JJ Thomson Avenue, CB3 0FF Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Yan Yan Shery Huang
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, CB2 1PZ Cambridge, United Kingdom
- The Nanoscience Centre, University of Cambridge, 11 JJ Thomson Avenue, CB3 0FF Cambridge, United Kingdom
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5
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Reizabal A, Tandon B, Lanceros-Méndez S, Dalton PD. Electrohydrodynamic 3D Printing of Aqueous Solutions. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2205255. [PMID: 36482162 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Among the various electrohydrodynamic (EHD) processing techniques, electrowriting (EW) produces the most complex 3D structures. Aqueous solution EW similarly retains the potential for additive manufacturing well-resolved 3D structures, while providing new opportunities for processing biologically derived polymers and eschewing organic solvents. However, research on aqueous-based EHD processing is still limited. To summarize the field and advocate for increased use of aqueous bio-based materials, this review summarizes the most significant contributions of aqueous solution processing. Special emphasis has been placed on understanding the effects of different printing parameters, the prospects for 3D processing new materials, and future challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ander Reizabal
- Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, 1505 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene, 97403, OR, USA
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, Leioa, 48940, Spain
| | - Biranche Tandon
- Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, 1505 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene, 97403, OR, USA
| | - Senentxu Lanceros-Méndez
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, Leioa, 48940, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48009, Spain
| | - Paul D Dalton
- Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, 1505 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene, 97403, OR, USA
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6
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Fathi S, Lei IM, Cao Y, Huang YYS. Microcapillary cell extrusion deposition with picolitre dispensing resolution. Biodes Manuf 2023; 6:1-11. [PMID: 36644556 PMCID: PMC9829649 DOI: 10.1007/s42242-022-00205-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Extrusion-based cell deposition has become a prominent technique for expanding bioprinting applications. However, the associated print resolution in the order of nanolitre or above has been a limiting factor. The demand for improving print resolution towards the scale of a single cell has driven the development of precision nozzle extrusion, although the benefits gained remain ambiguous. Here, aided by in situ imaging, we investigated the dynamics of cell organisation through an extrusion-based microcapillary tip with picolitre precision through in-air or immersion deposition. The microcapillary extrusion setup, termed 'Picodis', was demonstrated by generating droplets of colouring inks immersed in an immiscible medium. Next, using 3T3 fibroblast cells as an experimental model, we demonstrated the deposition of cell suspension, and pre-aggregated cell pellets. Then, the dynamic organisation of cells within the microcapillary tip was described, along with cell ejection and deposition upon exiting the tip opening. The vision-assisted approach revealed that when dispersed in a culture medium, the movements of cells were distinctive based on the flow profiles and were purely driven by laminar fluid flow within a narrow tip. The primary process limitations were cell sedimentation, aggregation and compaction, along with trapped air bubbles. The use of picolitre-level resolution microcapillary extrusion, although it provides some level of control for a small number of cells, does not necessarily offer a reliable method when a specified number of cells are required. Our study provides insights into the process limitations of high-resolution cell ink extrusion, which may be useful for optimising biofabrication processes of cell-laden constructs for biomedical research. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42242-022-00205-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Fathi
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK ,The Nanoscience Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Iek Man Lei
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK ,The Nanoscience Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK ,The Nanoscience Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yan Yan Shery Huang
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK ,The Nanoscience Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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7
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3D printing of bio-instructive materials: Toward directing the cell. Bioact Mater 2023; 19:292-327. [PMID: 35574057 PMCID: PMC9058956 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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8
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Liu L, Liu H, Huang X, Liu X, Zheng C. A High-Throughput and Uniform Amplification Method for Cell Spheroids. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:1645. [PMID: 36296003 PMCID: PMC9607487 DOI: 10.3390/mi13101645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cell culture is an important life science technology. Compared with the traditional two-dimensional cell culture, three-dimensional cell culture can simulate the natural environment and structure specificity of cell growth in vivo. As such, it has become a research hotspot. The existing three-dimensional cell culture techniques include the hanging drop method, spinner flask method, etc., making it difficult to ensure uniform morphology of the obtained cell spheroids while performing high-throughput. Here, we report a method for amplifying cell spheroids with the advantages of quickly enlarging the culture scale and obtaining cell spheroids with uniform morphology and a survival rate of over 95%. Technically, it is easy to operate and convenient to change substances. These results indicate that this method has the potential to become a promising approach for cell-cell, cell-stroma, cell-organ mutual interaction research, tissue engineering, and anti-cancer drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Haixia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Department of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250300, China
| | - Xiaowen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Department of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250300, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Chengyun Zheng
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
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9
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Recent advances of three-dimensional micro-environmental constructions on cell-based biosensors and perspectives in food safety. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 216:114601. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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Marinval N, Chew SY. Mechanotransduction assays for neural regeneration strategies: A focus on glial cells. APL Bioeng 2021; 5:021505. [PMID: 33948526 PMCID: PMC8088332 DOI: 10.1063/5.0037814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Glial cells are mechanosensitive, and thus, engineered systems have taken a step forward to design mechanotransduction platforms in order to impart diverse mechanical stresses to cells. Mechanical strain encountered in the central nervous system can arise from diverse mechanisms, such as tissue reorganization, fluid flow, and axon growth, as well as pathological events including axon swelling or mechanical trauma. Biomechanical relevance of the in vitro mechanical testing requires to be placed in line with the physiological and mechanical changes in central nervous tissues that occur during the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Mechanotransduction signaling utilized by glial cells and the recent approaches intended to model altered microenvironment adapted to pathological context are discussed in this review. New insights in systems merging substrate's stiffness and topography should be considered for further glial mechanotransduction studies, while testing platforms for drug discoveries promise great advancements in pharmacotherapy. Potential leads and strategies for clinical outcomes are expected to be developed following the exploration of these glial mechanosensitive signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Marinval
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459
| | - Sing Yian Chew
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: . Tel.: +65 6316 8812. Fax: +65 6794 7553
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11
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Shen Y, Levin A, Kamada A, Toprakcioglu Z, Rodriguez-Garcia M, Xu Y, Knowles TPJ. From Protein Building Blocks to Functional Materials. ACS NANO 2021; 15:5819-5837. [PMID: 33760579 PMCID: PMC8155333 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c08510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Proteins are the fundamental building blocks for high-performance materials in nature. Such materials fulfill structural roles, as in the case of silk and collagen, and can generate active structures including the cytoskeleton. Attention is increasingly turning to this versatile class of molecules for the synthesis of next-generation green functional materials for a range of applications. Protein nanofibrils are a fundamental supramolecular unit from which many macroscopic protein materials are formed. In this Review, we focus on the multiscale assembly of such protein nanofibrils formed from naturally occurring proteins into new supramolecular architectures and discuss how they can form the basis of material systems ranging from bulk gels, films, fibers, micro/nanogels, condensates, and active materials. We review current and emerging approaches to process and assemble these building blocks in a manner which is different to their natural evolutionarily selected role but allows the generation of tailored functionality, with a focus on microfluidic approaches. We finally discuss opportunities and challenges for this class of materials, including applications that can be involved in this material system which consists of fully natural, biocompatible, and biodegradable feedstocks yet has the potential to generate materials with performance and versatility rivalling that of the best synthetic polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shen
- Centre
for Misfolding Diseases, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, 2006 Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Aviad Levin
- Centre
for Misfolding Diseases, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Ayaka Kamada
- Centre
for Misfolding Diseases, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Zenon Toprakcioglu
- Centre
for Misfolding Diseases, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Marc Rodriguez-Garcia
- Centre
for Misfolding Diseases, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
- Xampla, the BioInnovation Building, 25 Cambridge
Science Park Road, Cambridge CB4 0FW, U.K.
| | - Yufan Xu
- Centre
for Misfolding Diseases, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Tuomas P. J. Knowles
- Centre
for Misfolding Diseases, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
- Cavendish
Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
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12
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Terrell JA, Jones CG, Kabandana GKM, Chen C. From cells-on-a-chip to organs-on-a-chip: scaffolding materials for 3D cell culture in microfluidics. J Mater Chem B 2021; 8:6667-6685. [PMID: 32567628 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00718h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It is an emerging research area to integrate scaffolding materials in microfluidic devices for 3D cell culture (organs-on-a-chip). The technology of organs-on-a-chip holds the potential to obviate the gaps between pre-clinical and clinical studies. As accumulating evidence shows the importance of extracellular matrix in in vitro cell culture, significant efforts have been made to integrate 3D ECM/scaffolding materials in microfluidics. There are two families of materials that are commonly used for this purpose: hydrogels and electrospun fibers. In this review, we briefly discuss the properties of the materials, and focus on the various technologies to obtain the materials (e.g. extraction of collagen from animal tissues) and to include the materials in microfluidic devices. Challenges and potential solutions of the current materials and technologies were also thoroughly discussed. At the end, we provide a perspective on future efforts to make these technologies more translational to broadly benefit pharmaceutical and pathophysiological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Terrell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 21250, MD, USA.
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13
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Lee CT, Gill EL, Wang W, Gerigk M, Terentjev EM, Shery Huang YY. Guided assembly of cancer ellipsoid on suspended hydrogel microfibers estimates multi-cellular traction force. Phys Biol 2021; 18:036001. [PMID: 33412531 DOI: 10.1088/1478-3975/abd9aa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) multi-cellular aggregates hold important applications in tissue engineering and in vitro biological modeling. Probing the intrinsic forces generated during the aggregation process, could open up new possibilities in advancing the discovery of tissue mechanics-based biomarkers. We use individually suspended, and tethered gelatin hydrogel microfibers to guide multicellular aggregation of brain cancer cells (glioblastoma cell line, U87), forming characteristic cancer 'ellipsoids'. Over a culture period of up to 13 days, U87 aggregates evolve from a flexible cell string with cell coverage following the relaxed and curly fiber contour; to a distinct ellipsoid-on-string morphology, where the fiber segment connecting the ellipsoid poles become taut. Fluorescence imaging revealed the fiber segment embedded within the ellipsoidal aggregate to exhibit a morphological transition analogous to filament buckling under a compressive force. By treating the multicellular aggregate as an effective elastic medium where the microfiber is embedded, we applied a filament post-buckling theory to model the fiber morphology, deducing the apparent elasticity of the cancer ellipsoid medium, as well as the collective traction force inherent in the aggregation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Tai Lee
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
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14
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Castilho M, Levato R, Bernal PN, de Ruijter M, Sheng CY, van Duijn J, Piluso S, Ito K, Malda J. Hydrogel-Based Bioinks for Cell Electrowriting of Well-Organized Living Structures with Micrometer-Scale Resolution. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:855-866. [PMID: 33412840 PMCID: PMC7880563 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Bioprinting has become an important tool for fabricating regenerative implants and in vitro cell culture platforms. However, until today, extrusion-based bioprinting processes are limited to resolutions of hundreds of micrometers, which hamper the reproduction of intrinsic functions and morphologies of living tissues. This study describes novel hydrogel-based bioinks for cell electrowriting (CEW) of well-organized cell-laden fiber structures with diameters ranging from 5 to 40 μm. Two novel photoresponsive hydrogel bioinks, that is, based on gelatin and silk fibroin, which display distinctly different gelation chemistries, are introduced. The rapid photomediated cross-linking mechanisms, electrical conductivity, and viscosity of these two engineered bioinks allow the fabrication of 3D ordered fiber constructs with small pores (down to 100 μm) with different geometries (e.g., squares, hexagons, and curved patterns) of relevant thicknesses (up to 200 μm). Importantly, the biocompatibility of the gelatin- and silk fibroin-based bioinks enables the fabrication of cell-laden constructs, while maintaining high cell viability post printing. Taken together, CEW and the two hydrogel bioinks open up fascinating opportunities to manufacture microstructured constructs for applications in regenerative medicine and in vitro models that can better resemble cellular microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Castilho
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Riccardo Levato
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Paulina Nunez Bernal
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mylène de Ruijter
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Christina Y Sheng
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joost van Duijn
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Susanna Piluso
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Developmental BioEngineering, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Keita Ito
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Malda
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
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15
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Yuan M, Dai F, Li D, Fan Y, Xiang W, Tao F, Cheng Y, Deng H. Lysozyme/collagen multilayers layer-by-layer deposited nanofibers with enhanced biocompatibility and antibacterial activity. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 112:110868. [PMID: 32409037 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.110868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Biological meshes have always posed a challenge in biological medicine, for which nanocomposites with enhanced biocompatibility and antibacterial activity may be beneficial. In this study, lysozyme (LY) and collagen (Col) were alternately deposited on silk fibroin (SF) and nylon 6 (N6) composite nanofibrous mats using a layer-by-layer (LBL) self-assembly technique. The mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and antibacterial activity of the LBL structured mats were characterized systematically to investigate the impact of the LBL process on the biological properties of SF/N6 nanofibrous mats. Our results showed that the effective deposition of LY and Col may affect the surface topography, mechanical properties, and wetting behavior of the SF/N6 nanofibrous mats. Moreover, LBL structured mats exhibited excellent biocompatibility and antibacterial properties. Among all the tested mats, those coated with 10 bilayers of LY and Col displayed the best biocompatibility, and relatively good mechanical and antibacterial properties. Thus, LBL structured mats, especially those with a 10 bilayer coating, are potentially valuable in clinical therapy for pelvic organ prolapse in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqin Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China; Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, School of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Fangfang Dai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China; Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, School of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Dan Li
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, School of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Yaqi Fan
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Fenghua Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yanxiang Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China.
| | - Hongbing Deng
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, School of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
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16
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Abstract
Nowadays it is easy to imagine that the exploitation of different additive manufacturing approaches could find use in regenerative medicine and frontiers nanotechnology with a strong interest in the development of in vivo bio-incubators that better replicate the tissue environment. Various electrospinning technologies have been exploited for the fabrication of composite polymeric architectures, where fibers have been used for the construction layer by layer of micro-architectures. Unfortunately, in case of processing biomaterials, the intrinsic factors of the materials could become obstacles when considering such advanced engineering methods. Here, for the first time, we use the pyro-EHD process for the fabrication of layered three-dimensional architectures made using a biodegradable and biocompatible polymer. The proposed approach for layered 3D printing works at mild temperature allowing deposition at high resolution and great flexibility in manufacturing, avoiding high voltage generators, and nozzles. The layered 3D printing, activated by the pyro-electric effect, is discussed and characterized in terms of geometrical features and processing parameters. Different geometries and micro-architecture (wall, square, triangle, and hybrid structures) have been demonstrated and over printing of composite polymer, obtained by mixing multiwall carbon nanotubes and fluorochrome, has been discussed, focusing on the use of a biodegradable and biocompatible polymer.
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