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Cavailles J, Vaca-Medina G, Wu-Tiu-Yen J, Peydecastaing J, Pontalier PY. Influence of Thermocompression Conditions on the Properties and Chemical Composition of Bio-Based Materials Derived from Lignocellulosic Biomass. Materials (Basel) 2024; 17:1713. [PMID: 38673071 DOI: 10.3390/ma17081713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the influence of thermocompression conditions on lignocellulosic biomasses such as sugarcane bagasse (SCB) in the production of 100% binderless bio-based materials. Five parameters were investigated: pressure applied (7-102 MPa), molding temperature (60-240 °C), molding time (5-30 min), fiber/fine-particle ratio (0/100-100/0) and moisture content (0-20%). These parameters affected the properties and chemical composition of the materials. The density ranged from 1198 to 1507 kg/m3, the flexural modulus from 0.9 to 6.9 GPa and the flexural strength at breaking point from 6.1 to 43.6 MPa. Water absorption (WA) and thickness swelling (TS) values ranged from 21% to 240% and from 9% to 208%, respectively. Higher mechanical properties were obtained using SCB with fine particles, low moisture content (4-10%) and high temperature (≥200 °C) and pressure (≥68 MPa), while water resistance was improved using more severe thermocompression conditions with the highest temperature (240 °C) and time (30 min) or a higher moisture content (≥12.5%). Correlations were noted between the mechanical properties and density, and the material obtained with only fine particles had the highest mechanical properties and density. Material obtained with a 30 min molding time had the lowest WA and TS due to internal chemical reorganization followed by hemicellulose hydrolysis into water-soluble extractables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Cavailles
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, Toulouse INP, 31030 Toulouse, France
- eRcane, Sainte-Clotilde, 97490 La Réunion, France
| | - Guadalupe Vaca-Medina
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, Toulouse INP, 31030 Toulouse, France
| | | | - Jérôme Peydecastaing
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, Toulouse INP, 31030 Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Pontalier
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, Toulouse INP, 31030 Toulouse, France
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2
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Alavi SE, Alharthi S, Alavi SZ, Raza A, Ebrahimi Shahmabadi H. Bioresponsive drug delivery systems. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:103849. [PMID: 38052319 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we highlight the potential of stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems (DDSs) to revolutionize healthcare. Through examining pH, temperature, enzyme, and redox responsiveness, the presented case studies highlight the precision and enhanced therapeutic outcomes achievable with these innovative systems. Challenges, such as complex design and bio-based material optimization, underscore the complete journey from bench to bedside. Clinical strides in magnetically and temperature-responsive systems hint at a promising future for healthcare. However, overcoming issues of stability, durability, penetration depth, sensitivity, and active targeting is crucial. The future envisions theranostic systems, amalgamating targeted therapy and diagnosis, for personalized healthcare. Bio-based materials emerge as pivotal, offering a nuanced approach to complex diseases, such as cancer and diabetes, reshaping the healthcare landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Ebrahim Alavi
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan 7718175911, Iran.
| | - Sitah Alharthi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Al-Dawadmi Campus, Al-Dawadmi 11961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Seyed Zeinab Alavi
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan 7718175911, Iran
| | - Aun Raza
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Hasan Ebrahimi Shahmabadi
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan 7718175911, Iran.
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Bulut S, Günther D, Bund M, Haats C, Bissing T, Bastard C, Wessling M, De Laporte L, Pich A. Cellular Architects at Work: Cells Building their Own Microgel Houses. Adv Healthc Mater 2023:e2302957. [PMID: 37988182 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Microporous annealed particle (MAP) scaffolds are investigated for their application as injectable 3D constructs in the field of regenerative medicine and tissue repair. While available MAP scaffolds provide a stable interlinked matrix of microgels for cell culture, the infiltration depth and space for cells to grow inside the scaffolds is pre-determined by the void fraction during the assembly. In the case of MAP scaffolds fabricated from interlinked spherical microgels, a cellularity gradient can be observed with the highest cell density on the scaffold surface. Additionally, the interlinked microgel network limits the ability of cells to remodel their environment, which contradicts native tissue dynamics. In this work, a cell-induced interlinking method for MAP scaffold formation is established, which avoids the necessity of chemical crosslinkers and pre-engineered pores to achieve micro- or macropores in these 3D frameworks. This method enables cells to self-organize with microgels into dynamic tissue constructs, which can be further controlled by altering the microgel properties, the cell/microgel ratio, and well shape. To form a cell-induced interlinked scaffold, the cells are mixed with dextran-based microgels and function as a glue between the microgels, resulting in a more homogenous cell distribution throughout the scaffold with efficient cell-cell interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selin Bulut
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e. V, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Functional and Interactive Polymers, Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry (ITMC), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Daniel Günther
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e. V, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Advanced Materials for Biomedicine (AMB), Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry (ITMC), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Advanced Materials for Biomedicine (AMB), Institute of Applied Medical Engineering (AME), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Center for Biohybrid Medical Systems (CBMS), Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Michelle Bund
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e. V, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Functional and Interactive Polymers, Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry (ITMC), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christina Haats
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e. V, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Advanced Materials for Biomedicine (AMB), Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry (ITMC), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Bissing
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e. V, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Functional and Interactive Polymers, Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry (ITMC), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Céline Bastard
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e. V, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Advanced Materials for Biomedicine (AMB), Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry (ITMC), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Advanced Materials for Biomedicine (AMB), Institute of Applied Medical Engineering (AME), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Center for Biohybrid Medical Systems (CBMS), Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Matthias Wessling
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e. V, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Chemical Process Engineering (AVT.CVT), RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 51, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Laura De Laporte
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e. V, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Advanced Materials for Biomedicine (AMB), Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry (ITMC), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Advanced Materials for Biomedicine (AMB), Institute of Applied Medical Engineering (AME), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Center for Biohybrid Medical Systems (CBMS), Forckenbeckstraße 55, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Andrij Pich
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e. V, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Functional and Interactive Polymers, Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry (ITMC), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Aachen Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Urmonderbaan 22, Geleen, 6167 RD, Netherlands
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Dias AMGC, Moreira IP, Lychko I, Lopes Soares C, Nurrito A, Moura Barbosa AJ, Lutz-Bueno V, Mezzenga R, Carvalho AL, Pina AS, Roque ACA. Hierarchical self-assembly of a reflectin-derived peptide. Front Chem 2023; 11:1267563. [PMID: 37810582 PMCID: PMC10552760 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1267563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Reflectins are a family of intrinsically disordered proteins involved in cephalopod camouflage, making them an interesting source for bioinspired optical materials. Understanding reflectin assembly into higher-order structures by standard biophysical methods enables the rational design of new materials, but it is difficult due to their low solubility. To address this challenge, we aim to understand the molecular self-assembly mechanism of reflectin's basic unit-the protopeptide sequence YMDMSGYQ-as a means to understand reflectin's assembly phenomena. Protopeptide self-assembly was triggered by different environmental cues, yielding supramolecular hydrogels, and characterized by experimental and theoretical methods. Protopeptide films were also prepared to assess optical properties. Our results support the hypothesis for the protopeptide aggregation model at an atomistic level, led by hydrophilic and hydrophobic interactions mediated by tyrosine residues. Protopeptide-derived films were optically active, presenting diffuse reflectance in the visible region of the light spectrum. Hence, these results contribute to a better understanding of the protopeptide structural assembly, crucial for the design of peptide- and reflectin-based functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Margarida Gonçalves Carvalho Dias
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Inês Pimentel Moreira
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Iana Lychko
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Cátia Lopes Soares
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Arianna Nurrito
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Arménio Jorge Moura Barbosa
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Viviane Lutz-Bueno
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Raffaele Mezzenga
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ana Luísa Carvalho
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ana Sofia Pina
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ana Cecília Afonso Roque
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
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5
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Ali SA, Fahmy MK, Zouli N, Abutaleb A, Maafa IM, Yousef A, Ahmed MM. Fabrication of Thermal Insulation Bricks Using Pleurotus florida Spent Mushroom. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:4905. [PMID: 37512180 PMCID: PMC10381914 DOI: 10.3390/ma16144905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
This study explores the potential for making lightweight bricks via the use of dry, pulverized spent mushroom materials (SMM) as a thermal insulator. There are five distinct replacement proportions of SMM that are used, and they range from 0% to 15% of the weight of the clay. The firing of the fabricated bricks at temperatures of 700, 800, and 900 °C led to the development of pores on the interior surface of the bricks as a consequence of the decomposition of SMM. The impact of SMM on the physicomechanical characteristics of fabricated bricks is assessed based on standard codes. Compressive strength, bulk density, and thermal conductivity decreased as the SMM content increased, reaching up to 8.7 MPa, 1420 kg/m3, and 0.29 W/mK at 900 °C and 15% substitution percentage. However, cold water absorption, boiling water absorption, linear drying shrinkage, linear firing shrinkage, and apparent porosity increased with the increase in SMM, reaching 23.6%, 25.3%, and 36.6% at 900 °C and 15% substitution percentage. In the study simulation model, there was a significant improvement in energy consumption, which reached an overall reduction of 29.23% and 21.49% in Cario and Jazan cities, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally A Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt
| | - Marwa Kamal Fahmy
- Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering at Mataria, Helwan University, Cairo 11718, Egypt
| | - Nasser Zouli
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Abutaleb
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim M Maafa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman Yousef
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Mathematics and Physics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering at Mataria, Helwan University, Cairo 11718, Egypt
| | - M M Ahmed
- Department of Mathematics and Physics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering at Mataria, Helwan University, Cairo 11718, Egypt
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6
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Ragoubi M, Lecoublet M, Khennache M, Poilane C, Leblanc N. Multi Scale Analysis of the Retting and Process Effect on the Properties of Flax Bio-Based Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15112531. [PMID: 37299330 DOI: 10.3390/polym15112531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This research aimed to evaluate, at different scales (technical flax fiber, fiber band and flax composites, bio-based composites), the effect of retting and processing parameters on the biochemical, microstructural, and mechanical properties of flax-epoxy bio-based materials. On the technical flax fiber scale, a biochemical alteration of the fiber was observed as the retting increased (a decrease of the soluble fraction from 10.4 ± 0.2 to 4.5 ± 1.2% and an increase of the holocellulose fractions). This finding was associated with the degradation of the middle lamella, favoring the individualization of the flax fibers observed at retting (+). A direct link was established between the biochemical alteration of technical flax fibers and their associated mechanical properties (decrease of the ultimate modulus 69.9 to 43.6 GPa and maximum stress from 702 to 328 MPa). On the flax band scale, the mechanical properties are driven by the interface quality between the technical fibers. The highest maximum stresses were reached at level retting (0) with 26.68 MPa, which is lower compared to technical fiber. On the bio-based composites scale, setup 3 (T = 160 ∘C) and the high retting level (+) are the most relevant for a better mechanical response of flax bio-based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ragoubi
- UniLaSalle, Unité de Recherche Transformation et Agro-Ressources, VAM²IN (ULR 7519 UniLaSalle-Université d'Artois), 76130 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Morgan Lecoublet
- UniLaSalle, Unité de Recherche Transformation et Agro-Ressources, VAM²IN (ULR 7519 UniLaSalle-Université d'Artois), 76130 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Medhi Khennache
- UniLaSalle, Unité de Recherche Transformation et Agro-Ressources, VAM²IN (ULR 7519 UniLaSalle-Université d'Artois), 76130 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Christophe Poilane
- Normandie University, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CEA, CNRS, CIMAP, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Nathalie Leblanc
- UniLaSalle, Unité de Recherche Transformation et Agro-Ressources, VAM²IN (ULR 7519 UniLaSalle-Université d'Artois), 76130 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
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Eckardt J, Sepperer T, Cesprini E, Šket P, Tondi G. Comparing Condensed and Hydrolysable Tannins for Mechanical Foaming of Furanic Foams: Synthesis and Characterization. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062799. [PMID: 36985772 PMCID: PMC10056537 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined the potential of hydrolysable tannin in comparison to condensed tannins for the production of furanic foams. The results indicate that chestnut tannin presents lower reactivity and requires a stronger acid for the polymerization. Additionally, foamability and density were found to be dependent on both surfactant concentration and tannin type, allowing lower densities for mimosa tannin and lower thermal conductivities for chestnut-based foams. Mimosa tannin was found to have the highest compression strength, followed by quebracho and chestnut, promising thermal conductivity of around 50 mW/m·K for 300 kg/m3 foams, which suggests that chestnut foams have the potential to performing highly when the density is reduced. Chemical analysis revealed that the methylene moieties of the furanics are non-specific and produces new covalent bonds with nucleophilic substrates: -OH groups and free-positions in the flavonoids. Overall, this study opens new perspectives for the application of hydrolysable tannins in polymer and material science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Eckardt
- TESAF Department, University of Padua, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Thomas Sepperer
- Department of Green Engineering and Circular Design, Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Marktstraße 136a, 5431 Kuchl, Austria
| | - Emanuele Cesprini
- TESAF Department, University of Padua, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Primož Šket
- Slovenian NMR Center, National Institute of Chemistry, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Gianluca Tondi
- TESAF Department, University of Padua, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
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Reizabal A, Tandon B, Lanceros-Méndez S, Dalton PD. Electrohydrodynamic 3D Printing of Aqueous Solutions. Small 2023; 19:e2205255. [PMID: 36482162 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Among the various electrohydrodynamic (EHD) processing techniques, electrowriting (EW) produces the most complex 3D structures. Aqueous solution EW similarly retains the potential for additive manufacturing well-resolved 3D structures, while providing new opportunities for processing biologically derived polymers and eschewing organic solvents. However, research on aqueous-based EHD processing is still limited. To summarize the field and advocate for increased use of aqueous bio-based materials, this review summarizes the most significant contributions of aqueous solution processing. Special emphasis has been placed on understanding the effects of different printing parameters, the prospects for 3D processing new materials, and future challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ander Reizabal
- Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, 1505 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene, 97403, OR, USA
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, Leioa, 48940, Spain
| | - Biranche Tandon
- Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, 1505 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene, 97403, OR, USA
| | - Senentxu Lanceros-Méndez
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, Leioa, 48940, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48009, Spain
| | - Paul D Dalton
- Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, 1505 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene, 97403, OR, USA
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Murcia DH, Al Shanti S, Hamidi F, Rimsza J, Yoon H, Gunawan B, Abdellatef M, Taha MR. Development and Characterization of a Sustainable Bio-Polymer Concrete with a Low Carbon Footprint. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030628. [PMID: 36771929 PMCID: PMC9921866 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymer concrete (PC) has been used to replace cement concrete when harsh service conditions exist. Polymers have a high carbon footprint when considering their life cycle analysis, and with increased climate change concerns and the need to reduce greenhouse gas emission, bio-based polymers could be used as a sustainable alternative binder to produce PC. This paper examines the development and characterization of a novel bio-polymer concrete (BPC) using bio-based polyurethane used as the binder in lieu of cement, modified with benzoic acid and carboxyl-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The mechanical performance, durability, microstructure, and chemical properties of BPC are investigated. Moreover, the effect of the addition of benzoic acid and MWCNTs on the properties of BPC is studied. The new BPC shows relatively low density, appreciable compressive strength between 20-30 MPa, good tensile strength of 4 MPa, and excellent durability resistance against aggressive environments. The new BPC has a low carbon footprint, 50% lower than ordinary Portland cement concrete, and can provide a sustainable concrete alternative in infrastructural applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Heras Murcia
- Department of Civil, Construction & Environmental Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Siham Al Shanti
- Department of Civil, Construction & Environmental Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Fatemeh Hamidi
- Department of Civil, Construction & Environmental Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Jessica Rimsza
- Sandia National Laboratories, MS 0748, 1515 Eubank Blvd. SE, Albuquerque, NM 87123, USA
| | - Hongkyu Yoon
- Sandia National Laboratories, MS 0748, 1515 Eubank Blvd. SE, Albuquerque, NM 87123, USA
| | - Budi Gunawan
- Sandia National Laboratories, MS 0748, 1515 Eubank Blvd. SE, Albuquerque, NM 87123, USA
| | - Mohammed Abdellatef
- Sandia National Laboratories, MS 0748, 1515 Eubank Blvd. SE, Albuquerque, NM 87123, USA
| | - Mahmoud Reda Taha
- Department of Civil, Construction & Environmental Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(505)-277-1258; Fax: +1-(505)-277-1988
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Wang W, Zhou Y, Liu B, Essawy H, Liu Z, Deng S, Zhou X, Zhang J. Tannin-Epoxidized Soybean Oil as Bio-Based Resin for Fabrication of Grinding Wheel. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14. [PMID: 36559790 DOI: 10.3390/polym14245423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Formaldehyde-free epoxidized soybean oil-based resin has been prepared under acidic conditions by co-condensation of the epoxidized soybean oil and condensed tannin originating from agricultural and forestry sources as the main raw materials, whereas 1,6-hexanediamine was employed as a cross-linking agent. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and electrospray ionization (ESI) corroborated that tannin and epoxidized soybean oil underwent crosslinking under acidic conditions supported by hexamethylenediamine. A bio-based grinding wheel was fabricated by formulation of the developed resin with wood powder as source of grinding particles. The appearance, hardness, compressive strength and wear resistance of the resulting grinding wheel were studied. The results have shown that the grinding wheel possesses a smooth surface with no bubbles or cracks, and its hardness and wear resistance were greater than that of a phenolic resin-based grinding wheel. Interestingly, the grinding wheel incorporates more than 90% of its raw materials as biomass renewable materials; thus, it is generally considered non-toxic. In addition, the future feasibility of this approach to replace some petrochemical resins that are frequently used in the fabrication of grinding wheels is considered.
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Sun P, Mei S, Xu J, Zhang X. A Bio-Based Supramolecular Adhesive: Ultra-High Adhesion Strengths at both Ambient and Cryogenic Temperatures and Excellent Multi-Reusability. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2022; 9:e2203182. [PMID: 35945172 PMCID: PMC9534982 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202203182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Developing high-performance and reusable adhesives from renewable feedstocks is of significance to sustainable development, yet it still remains a formidable task. Herein, castor oil, melevodopa, and iron ions are used as building blocks to construct a novel bio-based supramolecular adhesive (BSA) with outstanding adhesion performances. It is prepared through partial coordination between melevodopa functionalized castor oil and Fe3+ ions. Noncovalent interactions between adherends and the catechol unit from melevodopa contribute to reinforcing adhesion, and the metal-ligand coordination between catechol and Fe3+ ions is utilized to strengthen cohesion. By combining strong adhesion and tough cohesion, the prepared BSA achieves an adhesion strength of 14.6 MPa at ambient temperature, a record-high value among reported bio-based adhesives as well as supramolecular adhesives to the best of knowledge. It also outperforms those adhesives at cryogenic temperature, realizing another record-high adhesion strength of 9.5 MPa at -196 °C. In addition, the BSA displays excellent multi-reusability with more than 87% of the original adhesion strength remaining even after reuse for ten times. It is highly anticipated that this line of research will provide a new insight into designing bio-based adhesives with outstanding adhesion performances and excellent multi-reusability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular EngineeringDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084P. R. China
| | - Shan Mei
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular EngineeringDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084P. R. China
| | - Jiang‐Fei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular EngineeringDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084P. R. China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular EngineeringDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084P. R. China
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12
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Vieira FR, Magina S, Evtuguin DV, Barros-Timmons A. Lignin as a Renewable Building Block for Sustainable Polyurethanes. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:6182. [PMID: 36079563 PMCID: PMC9457695 DOI: 10.3390/ma15176182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the pulp and paper industry generates around 50-70 million tons of lignin annually, which is mainly burned for energy recovery. Lignin, being a natural aromatic polymer rich in functional hydroxyl groups, has been drawing the interest of academia and industry for its valorization, especially for the development of polymeric materials. Among the different types of polymers that can be derived from lignin, polyurethanes (PUs) are amid the most important ones, especially due to their wide range of applications. This review encompasses available technologies to isolate lignin from pulping processes, the main approaches to convert solid lignin into a liquid polyol to produce bio-based polyurethanes, the challenges involving its characterization, and the current technology assessment. Despite the fact that PUs derived from bio-based polyols, such as lignin, are important in contributing to the circular economy, the use of isocyanate is a major environmental hot spot. Therefore, the main strategies that have been used to replace isocyanates to produce non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs) derived from lignin are also discussed.
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13
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Song T, Qian S, Lan T, Wu Y, Liu J, Zhang H. Recent Advances in Bio-Based Smart Active Packaging Materials. Foods 2022; 11:foods11152228. [PMID: 35892814 PMCID: PMC9331990 DOI: 10.3390/foods11152228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The shortage of oil resources is currently a global problem. The use of renewable resources instead of non-renewable ones has become a hot topic of research in the eyes of scientists. In the food industry, there is a lot of interest in bio-based smart active packaging that meets the concept of sustainability and ensures safety. The packaging has antibacterial and antioxidant properties that extend the shelf life of food. Its ability to monitor the freshness of food in real time is also beneficial to consumers’ judgement of food safety. This paper summarises the main raw materials for the preparation of bio-based smart active packaging, including proteins, polysaccharides and composite materials. The current status of the preparation method of bio-based smart active packaging and its application in food preservation is summarised. The future development trend in the field of food packaging is foreseen, so as to provide a reference for the improvement of bio-based smart active packaging materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Hao Zhang
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-43184533321
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14
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Thomsen MR, Tamke M. Towards a transformational eco-metabolistic bio-based design framework in architecture. Bioinspir Biomim 2022; 17:045005. [PMID: 35358951 DOI: 10.1088/1748-3190/ac62e2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This paper discusses the foundations of a bio-based material paradigm for architecture. It argues that moving from a current reliance on the non-renewable materials of the geosphere, to the renewable and fundamentally cyclical materials of the biosphere can establish alternate foundations for thinking alternative sustainable building practices. By positioning architecture and the built environment as a particular case for bio-based materials, where the longer life spans of buildings support better carbon storage, this paper identifies the bottlenecks that limit their adaptation into the way architecture is thought, designed and built. If architectural ideation and design is traditionally understood through the durable and the permanent, our aim here is to challenge this foundation and bring forth the fundamental differences that bio-based materials engender. With focus on the embedded lifespans of living materials, the fundamental circularity and degradability of biomass and resulting transformative life cycles of the artefacts that they embody, this paper asks how a new representational framework for bio-based material paradigm can be conceptualised, instrumentalised and in turn materialised. The paper supports this positioning through a presentation of a series of methodological probes. The probes outline strategies for new methodologies by which we can capture, predict and steer the transformations of living materials and functionalise them as part of an architectural performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette Ramsgaard Thomsen
- CITA, Centre for IT and Architecture, Royal Danish Academy Architecture, Design, Conservation, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Tamke
- CITA, Centre for IT and Architecture, Royal Danish Academy Architecture, Design, Conservation, Copenhagen, Denmark
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15
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Morandini MC, Kain G, Eckardt J, Petutschnigg A, Tippner J. Physical-Mechanical Properties of Peat Moss (Sphagnum) Insulation Panels with Bio-Based Adhesives. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:3299. [PMID: 35591633 DOI: 10.3390/ma15093299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Rising energy and raw material prices, dwindling resources, increased recycling, and the need for sustainable management have led to growth in the smart materials sector. In recent years, the importance and diversity of bio-based adhesives for industrial applications has grown steadily. This article focuses on the production and characterization of insulation panels consisting of peat moss and two bio-based adhesives. The panels were pressed with tannin and animal-based resins and compared to panels bonded with urea formaldehyde. The physical–mechanical properties, namely, thermal conductivity (TC), water vapor diffusion resistance, modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), internal bond (IB), compression resistance (CR), water absorption (WA) and thickness swelling (TS) were measured and analyzed. The results show that the insulation effectiveness and mechanical stability of moss panels bound with tannin and animal glue are comparable to standard adhesives used in the composite industry.
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Restaino OF, Hejazi S, Zannini D, Giosafatto CVL, Di Pierro P, Cassese E, D’ambrosio S, Santagata G, Schiraldi C, Porta R. Exploiting Potential Biotechnological Applications of Poly-γ-glutamic Acid Low Molecular Weight Fractions Obtained by Membrane-Based Ultra-Filtration. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14061190. [PMID: 35335520 PMCID: PMC8949788 DOI: 10.3390/polym14061190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the potentialities of applications of low molecular weight poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) chains have been so far only partially explored, the separation of diverse molecular families of them, as well as their characterization for potential bioactivity and ability to form films, were investigated. Two different approaches based on organic solvent precipitation or on ultra- and nano-filtration membrane-based purification of inexpensive commercial material were employed to obtain size-specific γ-PGA fractions, further characterized by size exclusion chromatography equipped with a triple detector array and by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography to assess their average molecular weight and their concentration. The γ-PGA low molecular weight fractions, purified by ultra-filtration, have been shown both to counteract the desiccation and the oxidative stress of keratinocyte monolayers. In addition, they were exploited to prepare novel hydrocolloid films by both solvent casting and thermal compression, in the presence of different concentrations of glycerol used as plasticizer. These biomaterials were characterized for their hydrophilicity, thermal and mechanical properties. The hot compression led to the attainment of less resistant but more extensible films. However, in all cases, an increase in elongation at break as a function of the glycerol content was observed. Besides, the thermal analyses of hot compressed materials demonstrated that thermal stability was increased with higher γ-PGA distribution po-lymer fractions. The obtained biomaterials might be potentially useful for applications in cosmetics and as vehicle of active molecules in the pharmaceutical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Odile Francesca Restaino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (O.F.R.); (E.C.); (S.D.)
| | - Sondos Hejazi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80126 Naples, Italy; (S.H.); (C.V.L.G.)
| | - Domenico Zannini
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Council of Research, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy; (D.Z.); (G.S.)
| | | | - Prospero Di Pierro
- Department of Agriculture, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80055 Naples, Italy;
| | - Elisabetta Cassese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (O.F.R.); (E.C.); (S.D.)
| | - Sergio D’ambrosio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (O.F.R.); (E.C.); (S.D.)
| | - Gabriella Santagata
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Council of Research, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy; (D.Z.); (G.S.)
| | - Chiara Schiraldi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (O.F.R.); (E.C.); (S.D.)
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (R.P.); Tel.: +39-081-566-7654 (C.S.); +39-081-252-9470 (R.P.)
| | - Raffaele Porta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80126 Naples, Italy; (S.H.); (C.V.L.G.)
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (R.P.); Tel.: +39-081-566-7654 (C.S.); +39-081-252-9470 (R.P.)
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17
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Modanloo B, Ghazvinian A, Matini M, Andaroodi E. Tilted Arch; Implementation of Additive Manufacturing and Bio-Welding of Mycelium-Based Composites. Biomimetics (Basel) 2021; 6:68. [PMID: 34940011 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics6040068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bio-based materials have found their way to the design and fabrication in the architectural context in recent years. Fungi-based materials, especially mycelium-based composites, are a group of these materials of growing interest among scholars due to their light weight, compostable and regenerative features. However, after about a decade of introducing this material to the architectural community, the proper ways of design and fabrication with this material are still under investigation. In this paper, we tried to integrate the material properties of mycelium-based composites with computational design and digital fabrication methods to offer a promising method of construction. Regarding different characteristics of the material, we found additive manufacturing parallel to bio-welding is an appropriate fabrication method. To show the feasibility of the proposed method, we manufactured a small-scale prototype, a tilted arch, made of extruded biomass bound with bio-welding. The project is described in the paper.
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18
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Cheng T, Wood D, Kiesewetter L, Özdemir E, Antorveza K, Menges A. Programming material compliance and actuation: hybrid additive fabrication of biocomposite structures for large-scale self-shaping. Bioinspir Biomim 2021; 16:055004. [PMID: 34198272 DOI: 10.1088/1748-3190/ac10af] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We present a hybrid approach to manufacturing a new class of large-scale self-shaping structures through a method of additive fabrication combining fused granular fabrication (FGF) and integrated hygroscopic wood actuators (HWAs). Wood materials naturally change shape with high forces in response to moisture stimuli. The strength and simplicity of this actuation make the material suitable for self-shaping architectural-scale components. However, the anisotropic composition of wood, which enables this inherent behavior, cannot be fully customized within existing stock. On the other hand, FGF allows for the design of large physical parts with multi-functional interior substructures as inspired by many biological materials. We propose to encode passively actuated movement into physical structures by integrating HWAs within 3D-printed meta-structures with functionally graded stiffnesses. By leveraging robotic manufacturing platforms, self-shaping biocomposite material systems can be upscaled with variable resolutions and at high volumes, resulting in large-scale structures capable of transforming from flat to curved simply through changes in relative humidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Cheng
- Institute for Computational Design and Construction, University of Stuttgart, Keplerstraße 11, 70174 Stuttgart, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence IntCDC, University of Stuttgart, Keplerstraße 11, 70174 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Dylan Wood
- Institute for Computational Design and Construction, University of Stuttgart, Keplerstraße 11, 70174 Stuttgart, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence IntCDC, University of Stuttgart, Keplerstraße 11, 70174 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Laura Kiesewetter
- Institute for Computational Design and Construction, University of Stuttgart, Keplerstraße 11, 70174 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Eda Özdemir
- Institute for Computational Design and Construction, University of Stuttgart, Keplerstraße 11, 70174 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Karen Antorveza
- Institute for Computational Design and Construction, University of Stuttgart, Keplerstraße 11, 70174 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Achim Menges
- Institute for Computational Design and Construction, University of Stuttgart, Keplerstraße 11, 70174 Stuttgart, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence IntCDC, University of Stuttgart, Keplerstraße 11, 70174 Stuttgart, Germany
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Diakité MS, Lenormand H, Lequart V, Arufe S, Martin P, Leblanc N. Cell Wall Composition of Hemp Shiv Determined by Physical and Chemical Approaches. Molecules 2021; 26:6334. [PMID: 34770743 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of agricultural by-products in the building engineering realm has led to an increase in insulation characteristics of biobased materials and a decrease in environmental impact. The understanding of cell wall structure is possible by the study of interactions of chemical compounds, themselves determined by common techniques like Van Soest (VS). In this study, a global method is investigated to characterise the cell wall of hemp shiv. The cell wall molecules were, at first, isolated by fractionation of biomass and then analysed by physical and chemical analysis (Thermal Gravimetric Analysis, Elementary Analysis, Dynamic Sorption Vapor and Infra-Red). This global method is an experimental way to characterise plant cell wall molecules of fractions by Thermal Gravimetric Analysis following by a mathematical method to have a detailed estimation of the cell wall composition and the interactions between plant macromolecules. The analyzed hemp shiv presents proportions of 2.5 ± 0.6% of water, 4.4 ± 0.2% of pectins, 42.6 ± 1.0% (Hemicellulose–Cellulose), 18.4 ± 1.6% (Cellulose–Hemicellulose), 29.0 ± 0.8% (Lignin–Cellulose) and 2.0 ± 0.4% of linked lignin.
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20
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Tan C, Han F, Zhang S, Li P, Shang N. Novel Bio-Based Materials and Applications in Antimicrobial Food Packaging: Recent Advances and Future Trends. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9663. [PMID: 34575828 PMCID: PMC8470619 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Food microbial contamination not only poses the problems of food insecurity and economic loss, but also contributes to food waste, which is another global environmental problem. Therefore, effective packaging is a compelling obstacle for shielding food items from outside contaminants and maintaining its quality. Traditionally, food is packaged with plastic that is rarely recyclable, negatively impacting the environment. Bio-based materials have attracted widespread attention for food packaging applications since they are biodegradable, renewable, and have a low carbon footprint. They provide a great opportunity to reduce the extensive use of fossil fuels and develop food packaging materials with good properties, addressing environmental problems and contributing significantly to sustainable development. Presently, the developments in food chemistry, technology, and biotechnology have allowed us to fine-tune new methodologies useful for addressing major safety and environmental concerns regarding packaging materials. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the development and potential for application of new bio-based materials from different sources in antimicrobial food packaging, including carbohydrate (polysaccharide)-based materials, protein-based materials, lipid-based materials, antibacterial agents, and bio-based composites, which can solve the issues of both environmental impact and prevent foodborne pathogens and spoilage microorganisms. In addition, future trends are discussed, as well as the antimicrobial compounds incorporated in packaging materials such as nanoparticles (NPs), nanofillers (NFs), and bio-nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunming Tan
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fei Han
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shiqi Zhang
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Pinglan Li
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Nan Shang
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
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21
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Hussain A, Blanchet P. Preparation of Breathable Cellulose Based Polymeric Membranes with Enhanced Water Resistance for the Building Industry. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:4310. [PMID: 34361503 DOI: 10.3390/ma14154310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on the development of advanced water-resistant bio-based membranes with enhanced vapour permeability for use within building envelopes. Building walls are vulnerable to moisture damage and mold growth due to water penetration, built-in moisture, and interstitial condensation. In this work, breathable composite membranes were prepared using micro-fibrillated cellulose fiber (CF) and polylactic acid (PLA). The chemical composition and physical structure of CF is responsible for its hydrophilic nature, which affects its compatibility with polymers and consequently its performance in the presence of excessive moisture conditions. To enhance the dispersibility of CF in the PLA polymer, the fibers were treated with an organic phosphoric acid ester-based surfactant. The hygroscopic properties of the PLA-CF composites were improved after surfactant treatment and the membranes were resistant to water yet permeable to vapor. Morphological examination of the surface showed better interfacial adhesion and enhanced dispersion of CF in the PLA matrix. Thermal analysis revealed that the surfactant treatment of CF enhanced the glass transition temperature and thermal stability of the composite samples. These bio-based membranes have immense potential as durable, eco-friendly, weather resistant barriers for the building industry as they can adapt to varying humidity conditions, thus allowing entrapped water vapor to pass through and escape the building, eventually prolonging the building life.
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22
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Tsegaye B, Jaiswal S, Jaiswal AK. Food Waste Biorefinery: Pathway towards Circular Bioeconomy. Foods 2021; 10:1174. [PMID: 34073698 DOI: 10.3390/foods10061174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Food waste biorefineries for the production of biofuels, platform chemicals and other bio-based materials can significantly reduce a huge environmental burden and provide sustainable resources for the production of chemicals and materials. This will significantly contribute to the transition of the linear based economy to a more circular economy. A variety of chemicals, biofuels and materials can be produced from food waste by the integrated biorefinery approach. This enhances the bioeconomy and helps toward the design of more green, ecofriendly, and sustainable methods of material productions that contribute to sustainable development goals. The waste biorefinery is a tool to achieve a value-added product that can provide a better utilization of materials and resources while minimizing and/or eliminating environmental impacts. Recently, food waste biorefineries have gained momentum for the production of biofuels, chemicals, and bio-based materials due to the shifting of regulations and policies towards sustainable development. This review attempts to explore the state of the art of food waste biorefinery and the products associated with it.
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Solala I, Driemeier C, Mautner A, Penttilä PA, Seitsonen J, Leppänen M, Mihhels K, Kontturi E. Directed Assembly of Cellulose Nanocrystals in Their Native Solid-State Template of a Processed Fiber Cell Wall. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100092. [PMID: 33955068 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticle assembly is intensely surveyed because of the numerous applications within fields such as catalysis, batteries, and biomedicine. Here, directed assembly of rod-like, biologically derived cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) within the template of a processed cotton fiber cell wall, that is, the native origin of CNCs, is reported. It is a system where the assembly takes place in solid state simultaneously with the top-down formation of the CNCs via hydrolysis with HCl vapor. Upon hydrolysis, cellulose microfibrils in the fiber break down to CNCs that then pack together, resulting in reduced pore size distribution of the original fiber. The denser packing is demonstrated by N2 adsorption, water uptake, thermoporometry, and small-angle X-ray scattering, and hypothetically assigned to attractive van der Waals interactions between the CNCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iina Solala
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, P.O.Box 16300, Aalto, FI-00076, Finland
| | - Carlos Driemeier
- Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Andreas Mautner
- Polymer and Composite Engineering (PaCE) Group, Institute of Materials Chemistry and Research, University of Vienna, Währingerstrasse 42, Vienna, A-1090, Austria
| | - Paavo A Penttilä
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, P.O.Box 16300, Aalto, FI-00076, Finland.,Large Scale Structures Group, Institut Max von Laue - Paul Langevin (ILL), 71 Avenue des Martyrs - CS 20156, Grenoble, F-38042, Cedex 9, France
| | - Jani Seitsonen
- Nanomicroscopy Centre, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15100, Aalto, FI-00076, Finland
| | - Miika Leppänen
- Nanoscience Centre, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, 40014, Finland
| | - Karl Mihhels
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, P.O.Box 16300, Aalto, FI-00076, Finland
| | - Eero Kontturi
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, P.O.Box 16300, Aalto, FI-00076, Finland
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Temesgen S, Rennert M, Tesfaye T, Nase M. Review on Spinning of Biopolymer Fibers from Starch. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1121. [PMID: 33915955 DOI: 10.3390/polym13071121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing interest in bio-based polymers and fibers has led to the development of several alternatives to conventional plastics and fibers made of these materials. Biopolymer fibers can be made from renewable, environmentally friendly resources and can be fully biodegradable. Biogenic resources with a high content of carbohydrates such as starch-containing plants have huge potentials to substitute conventional synthetic plastics in a number of applications. Much literature is available on the production and modification of starch-based fibers and blends of starch with other polymers. Chemistry and structure–property relationships of starch show that it can be used as an attractive source of raw material which can be exploited for conversion into a number of high-value bio-based products. In this review, possible spinning techniques for the development of virgin starch or starch/polymer blend fibers and their products are discussed. Beneficiation of starch for the development of bio-based fibers can result in the sustainable replacement of oil-based high-value materials with cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and abundant products.
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Depczyńska E, Perdoch W, Mazela B. Influence of Reaction Parameters on the Gelation of Silanised Linseed Oil. Materials (Basel) 2020; 13:ma13235376. [PMID: 33256253 PMCID: PMC7729991 DOI: 10.3390/ma13235376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The subject of this work was to characterize the catalytic course of the linseed oil silylation reaction with vinyltrimethoxysilane (VTMOS), carried out under elevated pressure and temperature conditions, and an explanation of the reasons for rapid gelation of the reaction product. To explain and describe the process, analytical methods were used, i.e., 1H and 13C NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance), GC-FID (gas chromatography coupled with flame ionisation detection), and GPC (gel permeation chromatography). Reaction products were monitored after 3, 6 and 12 h. The molar mass of the VTMOS-modified oil in only 3 h was comparable with the molar mass of the product obtained by conventional polymerisation. An increase in the reaction time resulted in further transformations resulting from the hydrolysis and condensation reactions taking place. In contrast to reactivity of soybean oil, the silanisation of linseed oil occurred much faster and without the need for cross-linking catalysts. The reason for the high reactivity of linseed oil to VTMOS and rapid gelation of the resulting product was primarily the amount of double bonds present in linseed oil and their high availability, in particular the double bond in the acid linolenic acid located at the C16 carbon.
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Su Y, Lin H, Zhang S, Yang Z, Yuan T. One-Step Synthesis of Novel Renewable Vegetable Oil-Based Acrylate Prepolymers and Their Application in UV-Curable Coatings. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12051165. [PMID: 32438660 PMCID: PMC7284531 DOI: 10.3390/polym12051165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
With the rapid development of social economy, problems such as volatile organic compound (VOC) pollution and the excessive consumption of global petroleum resources have become increasingly prominent. People are beginning to realize that these problems not only affect the ecological environment, but also hinder the development of the organic polymer material industry based on raw fossil materials. Therefore, the modification and application of bio-based materials are of theoretical and practical significance. In this study, a series of vegetable oil-based acrylate prepolymers were synthesized by one-step acrylation using palm oil, olive oil, peanut oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, canola oil, and grapeseed oil as raw materials, and the effect of different double bond contents on the product structure and grafting rate was investigated. Furthermore, the as-prepared vegetable oil-based acrylate prepolymers, polyurethane acrylate (PUA-2665), trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA), and photoinitiator (PI-1173) were mixed thoroughly to prepare ultraviolet (UV)-curable films. The effect of different grafting numbers on the properties of these films was investigated. The results showed that as the degree of unsaturation increased, the acrylate grafting number and the cross-linking density increased, although the acrylation (grafting reaction) rate decreased. The reason was mainly because increasing the double bond content could accelerate the reaction rate, while the grafted acrylic groups had a steric hindrance effect to prevent the adjacent double bonds from participating in the reaction. Furthermore, the increase in grafting number brought about the increase in the structural functionality of prepolymers and the cross-linking density of cured films, which led to the enhancement in the thermal (glass transition temperature) and mechanical (tensile strength, Young’s modulus) properties of the cured films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupei Su
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.S.); (H.L.); (S.Z.)
| | - Hai Lin
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.S.); (H.L.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shuting Zhang
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.S.); (H.L.); (S.Z.)
| | - Zhuohong Yang
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.S.); (H.L.); (S.Z.)
- Correspondence: (Z.Y.); (T.Y.)
| | - Teng Yuan
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.S.); (H.L.); (S.Z.)
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: (Z.Y.); (T.Y.)
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Tarrés Q, Oliver-Ortega H, Espinach FX, Mutjé P, Delgado-Aguilar M, Méndez JA. Determination of Mean Intrinsic Flexural Strength and Coupling Factor of Natural Fiber Reinforcement in Polylactic Acid Biocomposites. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1736. [PMID: 31652862 DOI: 10.3390/polym11111736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper is focused on the flexural properties of bleached kraft softwood fibers, bio-based, biodegradable, and a globally available reinforcement commonly used in papermaking, of reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) composites. The matrix, polylactic acid, is also a bio-based and biodegradable polymer. Flexural properties of composites incorporating percentages of reinforcement ranging from 15 to 30 wt % were measured and discussed. Another objective was to evaluate the strength of the interface between the matrix and the reinforcements, using the rule of mixtures to determine the coupling factor. Nonetheless, this rule of mixtures presents two unknowns, the coupling factor and the intrinsic flexural strength of the reinforcement. Hence, applying a ratio between the tensile and flexural intrinsic strengths and a defined fiber tensile and flexural strength factors, derived from the rule of mixtures is proposed. The literature lacks a precise evaluation of the intrinsic tensile strength of the reinforcements. In order to obtain such intrinsic tensile strength, we used the Kelly and Tyson modified equation as well as the solution provided by Bowyer and Bader. Finally, we were able to characterize the intrinsic flexural strengths of the fibers when used as reinforcement of polylactic acid.
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28
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Sommerauer L, Grzybek J, Elsaesser MS, Benisek A, Sepperer T, Dachs E, Hüsing N, Petutschnigg A, Tondi G. Furfuryl Alcohol and Lactic Acid Blends: Homo- or Co-Polymerization? Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1533. [PMID: 31547001 PMCID: PMC6835956 DOI: 10.3390/polym11101533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Furfuryl alcohol (FA) and lactic acid (LA) are two of the most interesting biomolecules, easily obtainable from sugars and hence extremely attractive for green chemistry solutions. These substances undergo homopolymerization and they have been rarely considered for copolymerization. Typically, FA homopolymerizes exothermically in an acid environment producing inhomogeneous porous materials, but recent studies have shown that this reaction can be controlled and therefore we have implemented this process to trigger the copolymerization with LA. The mechanical tests have shown that the blend containing small amount of FA were rigid and the fracture showed patterns more similar to the one of neat polyfurfuryl alcohol (PFA). This LA-rich blend exhibited higher chloroform and water resistances, while thermal analyses (TG and DSC) also indicated a higher furanic character than expected. These observations suggested an intimate interconnection between precursors which was highlighted by the presence of a small band in the ester region of the solid state 13C-NMR, even if the FT-IR did not evidence any new signal. These studies show that these bioplastics are basically constituted of PLA and PFA homopolymers with some small portion of covalent bonds between the two moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Sommerauer
- Forest Products Technology & Timber Constructions Department, Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Marktstraße 136a, 5431 Kuchl, Austria.
| | - Jakub Grzybek
- Forest Products Technology & Timber Constructions Department, Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Marktstraße 136a, 5431 Kuchl, Austria.
| | - Michael S Elsaesser
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, Paris-Lodron-University Salzburg, Jakob-Haringer-Strasse 2A, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Artur Benisek
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, Paris-Lodron-University Salzburg, Jakob-Haringer-Strasse 2A, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Thomas Sepperer
- Forest Products Technology & Timber Constructions Department, Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Marktstraße 136a, 5431 Kuchl, Austria.
- Salzburg Center for Smart Materials, Jakob-Haringer-Strasse 2A, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Edgar Dachs
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, Paris-Lodron-University Salzburg, Jakob-Haringer-Strasse 2A, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Nicola Hüsing
- Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, Paris-Lodron-University Salzburg, Jakob-Haringer-Strasse 2A, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Alexander Petutschnigg
- Forest Products Technology & Timber Constructions Department, Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Marktstraße 136a, 5431 Kuchl, Austria.
| | - Gianluca Tondi
- Forest Products Technology & Timber Constructions Department, Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Marktstraße 136a, 5431 Kuchl, Austria.
- Salzburg Center for Smart Materials, Jakob-Haringer-Strasse 2A, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture & Forestry, University of Padua, Via dell´Universitá 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy.
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Zieglowski M, Trosien S, Rohrer J, Mehlhase S, Weber S, Bartels K, Siegert G, Trellenkamp T, Albe K, Biesalski M. Reactivity of Isocyanate-Functionalized Lignins: A Key Factor for the Preparation of Lignin-Based Polyurethanes. Front Chem 2019; 7:562. [PMID: 31448266 PMCID: PMC6691062 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Using isocyanate-functionalized Kraft lignin as a reactive macromonomer for the preparation of polyurethane foams by a prepolymer technique is a well-known strategy to incorporate the biomacromolecule into a higher value polymer material. However, as of today the mechanical properties of the resulting materials are still insufficient for a number of possible applications. One reason for this limitation is that the reaction pathway and the morphological arrangement of such foams is of uttermost complexity and depends on a large number of influencing material-intrinsic factors. One important parameter is the reactivity of the functionalized lignin, which has a great impact on the interphase reaction kinetics and thus, on the geometry and mechanical properties of the resulting polyurethane foams. The reactivity is implied, amongst others, by the electron affinity of the isocyanate moiety. Herein, we investigate the reactivity of Kraft lignin modified with different commercially used isocyanates in the reaction with conventional polyols. Therefore, differently reactive prepolymers were synthesized, characterized and polyurethane foams were prepared thereof by using these compounds and the foam formation kinetics, morphological as well as mechanical properties were investigated. Finally, the results were supported by quantum mechanical calculations of the electron affinities of representative model compounds for the lignin-based prepolymers. This work gives rise to a better understanding of the effect of the reactivity and isocyanate structure linked to Kraft lignin on the polyurethane formation and enables rational choice of the isocyanate for pre-functionalization of lignin to prepare materials with better mechanical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareike Zieglowski
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Chemistry and Paper Chemistry, Ernst-Berl Institute of Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Simon Trosien
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Chemistry and Paper Chemistry, Ernst-Berl Institute of Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jochen Rohrer
- Fachgebiet Materialmodellierung, Institute of Material Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Sabrina Mehlhase
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Chemistry and Paper Chemistry, Ernst-Berl Institute of Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Simone Weber
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Chemistry and Paper Chemistry, Ernst-Berl Institute of Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Kerstin Bartels
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Chemistry and Paper Chemistry, Ernst-Berl Institute of Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Gregor Siegert
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Chemistry and Paper Chemistry, Ernst-Berl Institute of Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - Karsten Albe
- Fachgebiet Materialmodellierung, Institute of Material Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Markus Biesalski
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Chemistry and Paper Chemistry, Ernst-Berl Institute of Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
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30
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Baussanne I, Bras J, Watbled B, Demeunynck M. The advantages and challenges raised by the chemistry of aldehydic cellulose nanofibers in medicinal chemistry. Future Med Chem 2018; 10:2679-83. [PMID: 30810373 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2018-0277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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31
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Bourbon AI, Pereira RN, Pastrana LM, Vicente AA, Cerqueira MA. Protein-Based Nanostructures for Food Applications. Gels 2019; 5:E9. [PMID: 30813359 PMCID: PMC6473444 DOI: 10.3390/gels5010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteins are receiving significant attention for the production of structures for the encapsulation of active compounds, aimed at their use in food products. Proteins are one of the most used biomaterials in the food industry due to their nutritional value, non-toxicity, biodegradability, and ability to create new textures, in particular, their ability to form gel particles that can go from macro- to nanoscale. This review points out the different techniques to obtain protein-based nanostructures and their use to encapsulate and release bioactive compounds, while also presenting some examples of food grade proteins, the mechanism of formation of the nanostructures, and the behavior under different conditions, such as in the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I Bourbon
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Av. Mestre José Veiga s/n 4715-330 Braga, Portugal.
| | - Ricardo N Pereira
- CEB, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
| | - Lorenzo M Pastrana
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Av. Mestre José Veiga s/n 4715-330 Braga, Portugal.
| | - António A Vicente
- CEB, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
| | - Miguel A Cerqueira
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Av. Mestre José Veiga s/n 4715-330 Braga, Portugal.
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32
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Mittal N, Ansari F, Gowda V K, Brouzet C, Chen P, Larsson PT, Roth SV, Lundell F, Wågberg L, Kotov NA, Söderberg LD. Multiscale Control of Nanocellulose Assembly: Transferring Remarkable Nanoscale Fibril Mechanics to Macroscale Fibers. ACS Nano 2018; 12:6378-6388. [PMID: 29741364 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b01084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale building blocks of many materials exhibit extraordinary mechanical properties due to their defect-free molecular structure. Translation of these high mechanical properties to macroscopic materials represents a difficult materials engineering challenge due to the necessity to organize these building blocks into multiscale patterns and mitigate defects emerging at larger scales. Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), the most abundant structural element in living systems, has impressively high strength and stiffness, but natural or artificial cellulose composites are 3-15 times weaker than the CNFs. Here, we report the flow-assisted organization of CNFs into macroscale fibers with nearly perfect unidirectional alignment. Efficient stress transfer from macroscale to individual CNF due to cross-linking and high degree of order enables their Young's modulus to reach up to 86 GPa and a tensile strength of 1.57 GPa, exceeding the mechanical properties of known natural or synthetic biopolymeric materials. The specific strength of our CNF fibers engineered at multiscale also exceeds that of metals, alloys, and glass fibers, enhancing the potential of sustainable lightweight high-performance materials with multiscale self-organization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Farhan Ansari
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305-2205 , United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Stephan V Roth
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY) , D-22607 Hamburg , Germany
| | | | | | - Nicholas A Kotov
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109-2136 , United States
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33
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Lam JY, Shih CC, Lee WY, Chueh CC, Jang GW, Huang CJ, Tung SH, Chen WC. Bio-Based Transparent Conductive Film Consisting of Polyethylene Furanoate and Silver Nanowires for Flexible Optoelectronic Devices. Macromol Rapid Commun 2018; 39:e1800271. [PMID: 29845682 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201800271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Exploiting biomass has raised great interest as an alternative to the fossil resources for environmental protection. In this respect, polyethylene furanoate (PEF), one of the bio-based polyesters, thus reveals a great potential to replace the commonly used polyethylene terephthalate (PET) on account of its better mechanical, gas barrier, and thermal properties. Herein, a bio-based, flexible, conductive film is successfully developed by coupling a PEF plastic substrate with silver nanowires (Ag NWs). Besides the appealing advantage of renewable biomass, PEF also exhibits a good transparency around 90% in the visible wavelength range, and its constituent polar furan moiety is revealed to enable an intense interaction with Ag NWs to largely enhance the adhesion of Ag NWs grown above, as exemplified by the superior bending and peeling durability than the currently prevailing PET substrate. Finally, the efficiency of conductive PEF/Ag NWs film in fabricating efficient flexible organic thin-film transistor and organic photovoltaic (OPV) is demonstrated. The OPV device achieves a power conversion efficiency of 6.7%, which is superior to the device based on ITO/PEN device, manifesting the promising merit of the bio-based PEF for flexible electronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeun-Yan Lam
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chung Shih
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ya Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 10608, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Chen Chueh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.,Advanced Research Center of Green Materials Science & Technology, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Guang-Way Jang
- Material and Chemical Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, 30011, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Jyun Huang
- Material and Chemical Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, 30011, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Huang Tung
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.,Advanced Research Center of Green Materials Science & Technology, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chang Chen
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.,Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.,Advanced Research Center of Green Materials Science & Technology, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
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34
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Weng Y. [Preface for special issue on bio-based materials (2016)]. Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao 2018; 32:711-714. [PMID: 29019180 DOI: 10.13345/j.cjb.160192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Bio-based materials are new materials or chemicals with renewable biomass as raw materials such as grain, legume, straw, bamboo and wood powder. This class of materials includes bio-based polymer, biobased fiber, glycotechnology products, biobased rubber and plastics produced by biomass thermoplastic processing and basic biobased chemicals, for instance, bio-alcohols, organic acids, alkanes, and alkenes, obtained by bio-synthesis, bio-processing and bio-refinery. Owing to its environmental friendly and resource conservation, bio-based materials are becoming a new dominant industry taking the lead in the world scientific and technological innovation and economic development. An overview of bio-based materials development is reported in this special issue, and the industrial status and research progress of the following aspects, including biobased fiber, polyhydroxyalkanoates, biodegradable mulching film, bio-based polyamide, protein based biomedical materials, bio-based polyurethane, and modification and processing of poly(lactic acid), are introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxuan Weng
- Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
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35
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Zhang Q, Zhang X, Zhu Z, Zhang A, Zhang C, Wang X, Liu C. Mechanocatalytic Solvent-Free Esterification of Sugarcane Bagasse. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E282. [PMID: 30966317 PMCID: PMC6414982 DOI: 10.3390/polym10030282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Esterification is a versatile way to produce the derivatives of lignocellulose with developed properties. However, the traditional heterogeneous esterification of lignocellulose suffered from the drawbacks of low efficiency, additional reaction medium and heating. In the present study, an efficient method was developed to produce the functionalized sugarcane bagasse (SCB) by ball milling without any additional solvents and heating. The effects of pulverization time, rotation speed, the kind of linear chain anhydrides, the ratio of anhydrides to SCB, with or without pyridine catalyst and the dosage of catalyst were investigated on weight percent gain (WPG) of SCB esters. The results indicated that the high efficiency of this mechanocatalystic esterification was probably due to the destroyed crystalline structure and the promoted penetration of the esterifying reagent onto SCB bulk caused by ball milling. The maximum WPG of SCB acetate, propionate and butyrate reached 33.3%, 33.6% and 32.4%, respectively. The physicochemical structure of the esterified SCB was characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), solid state cross-polarized magic angle spinning 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (CP/MAS 13C-NMR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The direct evidence of the esterification occurrence was provided with FT-IR and solid-state CP/MAS 13C-NMR. The thermal stability of SCB increased upon the mechanocatalytic esterification. The results implied that the relatively homogeneous modification was achieved with this semi-homogeneous esterification method by ball milling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Xueqin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Ziyan Zhu
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Aiping Zhang
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Chunhui Zhang
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Chuanfu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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36
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Mittal N, Jansson R, Widhe M, Benselfelt T, Håkansson KMO, Lundell F, Hedhammar M, Söderberg LD. Ultrastrong and Bioactive Nanostructured Bio-Based Composites. ACS Nano 2017; 11:5148-5159. [PMID: 28475843 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b02305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Nature's design of functional materials relies on smart combinations of simple components to achieve desired properties. Silk and cellulose are two clever examples from nature-spider silk being tough due to high extensibility, whereas cellulose possesses unparalleled strength and stiffness among natural materials. Unfortunately, silk proteins cannot be obtained in large quantities from spiders, and recombinant production processes are so far rather expensive. We have therefore combined small amounts of functionalized recombinant spider silk proteins with the most abundant structural component on Earth (cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs)) to fabricate isotropic as well as anisotropic hierarchical structures. Our approach for the fabrication of bio-based anisotropic fibers results in previously unreached but highly desirable mechanical performance with a stiffness of ∼55 GPa, strength at break of ∼1015 MPa, and toughness of ∼55 MJ m-3. We also show that addition of small amounts of silk fusion proteins to CNF results in materials with advanced biofunctionalities, which cannot be anticipated for the wood-based CNF alone. These findings suggest that bio-based materials provide abundant opportunities to design composites with high strength and functionalities and bring down our dependence on fossil-based resources.
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Diao X, Weng Y, Huang Z, Yang N, Wang X, Zhang M, Jin Y. [Current status of bio-based materials industry in China]. Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao 2016; 32:715-725. [PMID: 29019181 DOI: 10.13345/j.cjb.160058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, bio-based materials are becoming a new dominant industry leading the scientific and technological innovation, and economic development of the world. We reviewed the new development of bio-based materials industry in China, analyzed the entire market of bio-based materials products comprehensively, and also stated the industry status of bio-based chemicals, such as lactic acid, 1,3-propanediol, and succinic acid; biodegradable bio-based polymers, such as co-polyester of diacid and diol, polylactic acid, carbon dioxide based copolymer, polyhydroxyalknoates, polycaprolactone, and thermoplastic bio-based plastics; non-biodegradable bio-based polymers, such as bio-based polyamide, polytrimethylene terephthalate, bio-based polyurethane, and bio-based fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Diao
- Beijing Technology and Business University Materials Science and Engineering Department, Beijing 100048, China.,Degradable Plastics Committee of China Plastics Processing Industry Association, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yunxuan Weng
- Beijing Technology and Business University Materials Science and Engineering Department, Beijing 100048, China.,Degradable Plastics Committee of China Plastics Processing Industry Association, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Zhigang Huang
- Beijing Technology and Business University Materials Science and Engineering Department, Beijing 100048, China.,Degradable Plastics Committee of China Plastics Processing Industry Association, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Nan Yang
- Beijing Technology and Business University Materials Science and Engineering Department, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xiyuan Wang
- Beijing Technology and Business University Materials Science and Engineering Department, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Beijing Technology and Business University Materials Science and Engineering Department, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yujuan Jin
- Beijing Technology and Business University Materials Science and Engineering Department, Beijing 100048, China
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Izawa H, Okuda N, Ifuku S, Morimoto M, Saimoto H, Rojas OJ. Bio-based Wrinkled Surfaces Harnessed from Biological Design Principles of Wood and Peroxidase Activity. ChemSusChem 2015; 8:3892-3896. [PMID: 26489384 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201500819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A new and simple approach for surface wrinkling inspired by polymer assemblies in wood fibers is introduced. A hard skin is synthesized on a linear polysaccharide support that resembles the structural units of the cell wall. This skin, a wood mimetic layer, is produced through immersion in a solution containing phenolic precursor and subsequent surface reaction by horseradish peroxidase. A patterned surface with micron-scale wrinkles is formed upon drying and as a result of inhomogeneous shrinkage. We demonstrate that the design of the wrinkled surfaces can be controlled by the molecular structure of the phenolic precursor, temperature, and drying stress. It is noteworthy that this is a totally bio-based system involving green materials and processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Izawa
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, 680-8550, Japan.
| | - Noriko Okuda
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, 680-8550, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Ifuku
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, 680-8550, Japan
| | - Minoru Morimoto
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, 680-8550, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Saimoto
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, 680-8550, Japan.
| | - Orlando J Rojas
- Biobased Colloids and Materials (BiCMat), School of Chemical Technology, Aalto University, P. O. Box 16300, 00076, Aalto, Finland
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-8005, United States
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Nick McElhinny SA, Becker JJ. Basic research opportunities focused on bio-based and bio-inspired materials and potential applications. Front Chem 2014; 2:24. [PMID: 24860801 PMCID: PMC4026725 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2014.00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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