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Zhang W, Min J, Wang H, Wang H, Li XL, Ha ST, Zhang B, Pan CF, Li H, Liu H, Yin H, Yang X, Liu S, Xu X, He C, Yang HY, Yang JKW. Printing of 3D photonic crystals in titania with complete bandgap across the visible spectrum. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024:10.1038/s41565-024-01780-5. [PMID: 39251863 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-024-01780-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
A photonic bandgap is a range of wavelengths wherein light is forbidden from entering a photonic crystal, similar to the electronic bandgap in semiconductors. Fabricating photonic crystals with a complete photonic bandgap in the visible spectrum presents at least two important challenges: achieving a material refractive index > ~2 and a three-dimensional patterning resolution better than ~280 nm (lattice constant of 400 nm). Here we show an approach to overcome such limitations using additive manufacturing, thus realizing high-quality, high-refractive index photonic crystals with size-tunable bandgaps across the visible spectrum. We develop a titanium ion-doped resin (Ti-Nano) for high-resolution printing by two-photon polymerization lithography. After printing, the structures are heat-treated in air to induce lattice shrinkage and produce titania nanostructures. We attain three-dimensional photonic crystals with patterning resolution as high as 180 nm and refractive index of 2.4-2.6. Optical characterization reveals ~100% reflectance within the photonic crystal bandgap in the visible range. Finally, we show capabilities in defining local defects and demonstrate proof-of-principle applications in spectrally selective perfect reflectors and chiral light discriminators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Zhang
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jiakang Min
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- United Microelectronics Center (CUMEC), Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore, Singapore
- College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China
- Greater Bay Area Institute for Innovation, Hunan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongtao Wang
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xue Liang Li
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Son Tung Ha
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Biao Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Cheng-Feng Pan
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hao Li
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hailong Liu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Hui Yin
- College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaolong Yang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China
| | - Siqi Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiaodong Xu
- United Microelectronics Center (CUMEC), Chongqing, China
| | - Chaobin He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hui Ying Yang
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joel K W Yang
- Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore, Singapore.
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Miyamori Y, Tong L, Nabae Y, Hatakeyama-Sato K, Hayakawa T. Core-Shell Double Gyroids Directed by Selective Solvation for ABC Triblock Terpolymers. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2400093. [PMID: 38639102 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
The formation of ABC triblock terpolymers through solution casting is still challenging. In this study, core-shell double gyroid network structures are fabricated via solution casting using poly(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate) (PTFEMA) (F)-b-[poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP) (P)]-b-[polystyrene (PS) (S)] (FPS) triblock terpolymers in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). Upon heat treatment, the polymer tends to form a sphere-in-lamellar structure at the F/S interface. Given the solubility properties of each component in DMF, it is anticipated that the effective volume fraction of F relative to P would increase in concentrated solutions and the effective volume fraction of S would decrease. The microphase-separated structure derived from the DMF solution consistently results in the formation of a network structure composed of a core-shell double gyroid, with F as the matrix, P as the shell, and S as the core, and their periodic lengths gradually increase to 110.8, 131.8, and 162.7 nm as increase molecular weights of PS blocks to 13.8, 20.7, and 28.8 kg mol-1. Based on the solubility properties of the polymer components highlighted in this study, the solvent selection strategy is broadly applicable to ABC triblock terpolymers featuring various polymer components, offering a more efficient avenue for fabricating core-shell double gyroid structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Miyamori
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 S8-36 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Liang Tong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Rare Earth Building B512, No.156 Kejia Avenue, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, 341000, China
| | - Yuta Nabae
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 S8-36 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Kan Hatakeyama-Sato
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 S8-36 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Teruaki Hayakawa
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 S8-36 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
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Lin IM, Yang CY, Wang YM, Wang WE, Hung YC, Thomas EL, Chiang YW. Flexible Block Copolymer Metamaterials Featuring Hollow Ordered Nanonetworks with Ultra-High Porosity and Surface-To-Volume Ratio. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307487. [PMID: 37985946 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
By utilizing bicontinuous and nanoporous ordered nanonetworks, such as double gyroid (DG) and double diamond (DD), metamaterials with exceptional optical and mechanical properties can be fabricated through the templating synthesis of functional materials. However, the volume fraction range of DG in block copolymers is significantly narrow, making it unable to vary its porosity and surface-to-volume ratio. Here, the theoretically limited structural volume of the DG phase in coil-coil copolymers is overcome by enlarging the conformational asymmetry through the association of mesogens, providing fast access to achieving flexible structured materials of ultra-high porosities. The new materials design, dual-extractable nanocomposite, is created by incorporating a photodegradable block with a solvent-extractable mesogen (m) into an accepting block, resulting in a new hollow gyroid (HG) with the largely increased surface-to-volume ratio and porosity of 77 vol%. The lightweight HG exhibits a low refractive index of 1.11 and a very high specific reduced modulus, almost two times that of the typical negative gyroid (porosity≈53%) and three times that of the positive gyroid (porosity≈24%). This novel concept can significantly extend the DG phase window of block copolymers and the corresponding surface-to-volume ratio, being applicable for nanotemplate-synthesized nanomaterials with a great gain of mechanical, catalytic, and optoelectronic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Ming Lin
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Chih-Ying Yang
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ming Wang
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Wei-En Wang
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chueh Hung
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Edwin L Thomas
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Yeo-Wan Chiang
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
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Lin IM, Tsai RS, Chou YT, Chiang YW. Photonic Crystal Reflectors with Ultrahigh Sensitivity and Discriminability for Detecting Extremely Low-Concentration Surfactants. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:45249-45259. [PMID: 37699537 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c06946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Developing a facile, intuitive, ultrahigh-sensitive sensor to detect harmful substances in water is critical. Here, an ultrahigh-sensitive sensor is fabricated using a quaternized lamellae-structured polystyrene-b-poly(2-vinylpyridine) (PS-b-P2VP) block copolymer (BCP), capable of detecting the heavily used surfactants including sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and sodium methyl sulfate (SMS) through direct visualization of the structural color change. Two distinct detecting mechanisms, including unexpected blue-shifting and red-shifting reflectance wavelengths, are found for low and high concentrations of the SDS surfactant, respectively, due to concentration-dependent compatibility between the quaternized P2VP (QP2VP) block chains and SDS molecules. As the SDS concentration is low (0-1 mM), the QP2VP chains undergo the counter anionic exchange with the hydrophobic alkyl chains of the SDS, resulting in a blue shift toward colorlessness. In contrast, as the SDS concentration is high (>1 mM), the nanoaggregation of the SDS molecules in the layered QP2VP microdomain leads to enhanced hydration nature and increased lamellar periodicity with the red-shifting reflectance wavelength. In contrast, SMS with weaker hydrophobicity results in unchanged and red-shifting reflectance wavelengths at low and high concentrations. Inspired by this, detecting the extremely low-concentration SDS surfactant (0.01 mM) by direct visualization is achieved. The structural color change for surfactant detection also exhibits excellent reversibility and discriminability, providing a straightforward method of detecting anionic surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Ming Lin
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Sheng Tsai
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Chou
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Yeo-Wan Chiang
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
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Chen Y, Yang JH, Chang YT, Lin IM, Hsiao CN, Chiang YW, Chen CC. High-resolution three-dimensional structural determination of unstained double-gyroid block copolymers through scanning transmission electron microscopy. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12094. [PMID: 37495711 PMCID: PMC10372137 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39291-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Block copolymer-based multicomponent materials have garnered considerable attention because of tunable properties due to their various constituents. The use of electron tomography through transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for the three-dimensional (3D) imaging of stained block copolymers is an established approach for investigating structure-property relationships. Recently, scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) with an annular dark-field (ADF) detector has emerged as a method for the 3D structural analysis of unstained block copolymers. However, because of a lack of electron contrast, only a few low-resolution 3D reconstructions were reported for light elements. Herein, we report the first 3D structural analysis of a 200-nm-thick film composed of unstained double-gyroid block copolymers-polystyrene-b-poly(2-vinylpyridine) (PS-P2VP)-at a resolution of 8.6 nm through spherical aberration Cs-corrected STEM. At this resolution, P2VP molecules can be distinguished from PS molecules in z-contrast 3D reconstructions obtained both experimentally and theoretically. The 3D reconstructions revealed structural differences between stained and unstained specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Heng Yang
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ting Chang
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
| | - I-Ming Lin
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Nan Hsiao
- Taiwan Instrument Research Institute, Hsinchu, 300092, Taiwan
| | - Yeo-Wan Chiang
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chun Chen
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan.
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan.
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6
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Park TH, Yu S, Park J, Park C. Interactive structural color displays of nano-architectonic 1-dimensional block copolymer photonic crystals: FOCUS ISSUE REVIEW. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2023; 24:2156256. [PMID: 36632347 PMCID: PMC9828630 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2022.2156256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
For changing environmental circumstances, interactive structural color (SC) observation is a promising strategy to store and express external information. SCs based on self-assembled block copolymer (BCP) photonic crystals have been a research focus due to their facile and diverse nanostructures relying on the volume ratio of blocks. Their unique nano-architectonics can reflect incident light due to constructive interference of the two different dielectric constituents. Their excellent ability to change nano-architectonics in response to external stimuli (i.e. humidity, temperature, pH, and mechanical force) allows for a programmable and stimuli-interactive BCP SC display. In this review, recent advances in programmable and stimuli-interactive SC displays with the 1-dimensional self-assembled BCP nano-architectonics are comprehensively discussed. First, this review focuses on the development of programmable BCP SCs that can store various information. Second, stimuli-interactive BCP SCs capable of responding reversibly to external stimuli are also addressed. Particularly, reversible BCP SC changes are suitable for rewritable displays and emerging human-interactive BCP SC displays that detect various human information through changes in electric signals with the simultaneous alteration of the BCP SCs. Based on previously reported literature, the current challenges in this research field are further discussed, and the perspective for future development is presented in terms of material, nano-architectonics, and process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Hyun Park
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Seunggun Yu
- Insulation Materials Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongok Park
- College of Nursing, Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheolmin Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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7
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Du WT, Ma TL, Kuo SW. Steric hindrance affects interactions of poly(styrene–alt–DMHPMI) copolymer with strongly hydrogen-bond-accepting homopolymers. POLYMER 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2023.125694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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8
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Lin IM, Hsu CC, Yu TC, Kuo SW, Chuang WT, Chiang YW. Propagatable Hierarchical Architectures from Dispersive Fragments to Periodic Nanosheets within Phase-Separated Nanostructures by Controlling Guest–Host Interaction. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I-Ming Lin
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chiang Hsu
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Chun Yu
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Shiao-Wei Kuo
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Yeo-Wan Chiang
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
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Huang YC, Chen WC, Kuo SW. Mesoporous Phenolic/POSS Hybrids Induced by Microphase Separation Arising from Competitive Hydrogen Bonding Interactions. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Chi Huang
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, Center for Functional Polymers and Supramolecular Materials, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung804, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Cheng Chen
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, Center for Functional Polymers and Supramolecular Materials, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung804, Taiwan
| | - Shiao-Wei Kuo
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, Center for Functional Polymers and Supramolecular Materials, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung804, Taiwan
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10
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Chuang PY, Liao SY, Wu KH, Hu YR, Lo CT. Competitive Effects of Hydrogen Bonds and Molecular Weights on the Phase and Crystallization Behaviors of Binary Block Copolymers. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Po-Yun Chuang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yu Liao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Hsin Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Rong Hu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Tsung Lo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan
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Mohamed MG, Kuo SW. Progress in the self-assembly of organic/inorganic polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) hybrids. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:5535-5561. [PMID: 35880446 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00635a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This Review describes recent progress in the self-assembly of organic/inorganic POSS hybrids derived from mono-, di-, and multi-functionalized POSS cages. We highlight the self-assembled structures and physical properties of giant surfactants and chain-end- and side-chain-type hybrids derived from mono-functionalized POSS cages; main-chain-type hybrids derived from di-functionalized POSS cages; and star-shaped hybrids derived from multi-functionalized POSS cages; with various polymeric attachments, including polystyrene, poly(methyl methacrylate), phenolic, PVPh, and polypeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Gamal Mohamed
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, Center for Functional Polymers and Supramolecular Materials, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
| | - Shiao-Wei Kuo
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, Center for Functional Polymers and Supramolecular Materials, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
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12
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Esmeraldo Paiva A, Baez Vasquez JF, Selkirk A, Prochukhan N, G L Medeiros Borsagli F, Morris M. Highly Ordered Porous Inorganic Structures via Block Copolymer Lithography: An Application of the Versatile and Selective Infiltration of the "Inverse" P2VP- b-PS System. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:35265-35275. [PMID: 35876355 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c10338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A facile and versatile strategy was developed to produce highly ordered porous metal oxide structures via block copolymer (BCP) lithography. Phase separation of poly(2-vinylpyridine)-b-polystyrene (P2VP-b-PS) was induced by solvent vapor annealing in a nonselective solvent environment to fabricate cylindrical arrays. In this work, we thoroughly analyzed the effects of the film thickness, solvent annealing time, and temperature on the ordering of a P2VP-majority system for the first time, resulting in "inverse" structures. Reflectometry, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and transmission electron microscopy were used to characterize the formation of the highly ordered BCP morphology and the subsequently produced metal oxide film. At 40 min solvent annealing time, hexagonally close packed structures were produced with cylinder diameters ∼40 nm. Subsequently, the BCP films were infiltrated with different metal cations. Metal ions (Cr, Fe, Ni, and Ga) selectively infiltrated the P2VP domain, while the PS did not retain any detectable amount of metal precursor. This gave rise to a metal oxide porous structure after a UV/ozone (UVO) treatment. The results showed that the metal oxide structures demonstrated high fidelity compared to the BCP template and cylindrical domains presented a similar size to the previous PS structure. Moreover, XPS analyses revealed the complete elimination of the BCP template and confirmed the presence of the metal oxides. These metal oxides were used as hard masks for pattern transfer via dry etching as a further application. Silicon nanopores were fabricated mimicking the BCP template and demonstrated a pore depth of ∼50 nm. Ultimately, this strategy can be applied to create different inorganic nanostructures for a diverse range of applications, for example, solar cells, diodes, and integrated circuits. Furthermore, by optimizing the etching parameters, deeper structures can be obtained via ICP/RIE processes, leading to many potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aislan Esmeraldo Paiva
- AMBER Research Centre/School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02W085, Ireland
| | | | - Andrew Selkirk
- AMBER Research Centre/School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02W085, Ireland
| | - Nadezda Prochukhan
- AMBER Research Centre/School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02W085, Ireland
| | - Fernanda G L Medeiros Borsagli
- Institute of Engineering, Science and Technology, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri/UFVJM, Av. 01, 4050, Janaúba, MG 39440-039, Brazil
| | - Michael Morris
- AMBER Research Centre/School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02W085, Ireland
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Zhao J, Zhang L, Du X, Xu J, Lin T, Li Y, Yang X, You J. Panther chameleon-inspired, continuously-regulated, high-saturation structural color of a reflective grating on the nano-patterned surface of a shape memory polymer. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:2942-2949. [PMID: 36132013 PMCID: PMC9418828 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00075j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this work, surface nano-stripes and a reflective grating have been fabricated on shape memory polymers (SMPs) to simulate the active color change of chameleons. The structural color resulting from the interference of reflected light exhibits high saturation and it can be regulated continuously based on the shape memory effect. In addition to the viewing angle, the attained color is sensitive to the deformation at the macroscale. Uniaxial tension along stripes at high temperature produces a remarkable blueshift of the resultant color (from red to green and blue) which can switch back to red after shape recovery upon heating. The evolution of structural color can be attributed to the lower and higher magnitudes of nano-structure periods in temporary (deformed) and permanent (recovery) states respectively. Based on the combination of angle and deformation dependences of structural color, a "colorful" product code has been fabricated. It exhibits enhanced ability to hide and display information which plays an important role in anti-counterfeiting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqin Zhao
- Hangzhou Normal University No. 2318 Yuhangtang Rd. Hangzhou 311121 China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Hangzhou Normal University No. 2318 Yuhangtang Rd. Hangzhou 311121 China
| | - Xinyue Du
- Hangzhou Normal University No. 2318 Yuhangtang Rd. Hangzhou 311121 China
| | - Jinyan Xu
- Hangzhou Normal University No. 2318 Yuhangtang Rd. Hangzhou 311121 China
| | - Taotao Lin
- Hangzhou Normal University No. 2318 Yuhangtang Rd. Hangzhou 311121 China
| | - Yongjin Li
- Hangzhou Normal University No. 2318 Yuhangtang Rd. Hangzhou 311121 China
| | - Xuxin Yang
- Hangzhou Normal University No. 2318 Yuhangtang Rd. Hangzhou 311121 China
| | - Jichun You
- Hangzhou Normal University No. 2318 Yuhangtang Rd. Hangzhou 311121 China
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14
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Wang Z, Chan CLC, Parker RM, Vignolini S. The Limited Palette for Photonic Block-Copolymer Materials: A Historical Problem or a Practical Limitation? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117275. [PMID: 35446459 PMCID: PMC9325480 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Block-copolymer self-assembly has proven to be an effective route for the fabrication of photonic films and, more recently, photonic pigments. However, despite extensive research on this topic over the past two decades, the palette of monomers and polymers employed to produce such structurally colored materials has remained surprisingly limited. In this Scientific Perspective, the commonly used block-copolymer systems reported in the literature are summarized (considering both linear and brush architectures) and their use is rationalized from the point of view of both their historical development and physicochemical constraints. Finally, the current challenges facing the field are discussed and promising new areas of research are highlighted to inspire the community to pursue new directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Yusuf Hamied Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
| | | | - Richard M. Parker
- Yusuf Hamied Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
| | - Silvia Vignolini
- Yusuf Hamied Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
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15
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Wang Z, Chan CLC, Parker RM, Vignolini S. The Limited Palette for Photonic Block-Copolymer Materials: A Historical Problem or a Practical Limitation? ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 134:e202117275. [PMID: 38528985 PMCID: PMC10962576 DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Block-copolymer self-assembly has proven to be an effective route for the fabrication of photonic films and, more recently, photonic pigments. However, despite extensive research on this topic over the past two decades, the palette of monomers and polymers employed to produce such structurally colored materials has remained surprisingly limited. In this Scientific Perspective, the commonly used block-copolymer systems reported in the literature are summarized (considering both linear and brush architectures) and their use is rationalized from the point of view of both their historical development and physicochemical constraints. Finally, the current challenges facing the field are discussed and promising new areas of research are highlighted to inspire the community to pursue new directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Yusuf Hamied Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
| | | | - Richard M. Parker
- Yusuf Hamied Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
| | - Silvia Vignolini
- Yusuf Hamied Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
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16
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Maruyama H, Shioda Y, Maeda M, Fujimori A. Control of phase-separated morphology in mixed monolayers of amphiphilic comb polymers containing diamino-s-triazine and non-amphiphilic s-triazine derivatives with fluorocarbons. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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17
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Xie Q, Qiang Y, Li W. Single Gyroid Self-Assembled by Linear BABAB Pentablock Copolymer. ACS Macro Lett 2022; 11:205-209. [PMID: 35574770 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.1c00656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Although the double-gyroid (DG) structure has been commonly formed from the self-assembly of block copolymers, the single-gyroid (SG) structure is rarely reported. Moreover, the SG structure even shows better performance than DG in some optical applications. How to prepare the SG structure has become an attractive but challenging topic. We speculate that the SG structure can be stabilized by the synergistic effect of released packing frustration and stretched bridging block in AB-type block copolymers. Accordingly, we propose the minimum conditions for the design of architecture that enables the two mechanisms simultaneously. Following these conditions, a simple linear BABAB pentablock copolymer is successfully devised. SCFT calculations confirm that the SG phase can be stabilized by tailoring the architecture. Our work is hopeful to promote relevant experimental studies for engineering the unusual SG structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yicheng Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Weihua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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18
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Jo S, Jun T, Jeon HI, Seo S, Kim H, Lee S, Ryu DY. Optical Reflection from Unforbidden Diffraction of Block Copolymer Templated Gyroid Films. ACS Macro Lett 2021; 10:1609-1615. [PMID: 35549137 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.1c00520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We present material substitutions and optical characterization of block copolymer (BCP)-templated gyroid structures that are obtained from a volume-asymmetric polystyrene-b-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PS-b-PMMA). In addition to the structural analyses reported earlier, we elucidate the optical responses to the nonaffine gyroid planes, in which the PMMA channels are complexed with Al2O3 by sequential infiltration synthesis and the organic components are further eliminated to produce an inorganic air-Al2O3 gyroid film. Grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering measurements show that three-dimensional gyroid lattices are retained in both in-plane and out-of-plane directions through these material substitution processes. Our BCP-templated gyroid films respond to the middle UV wavelength from 200 to 300 nm, and peculiar optical reflectance peaks correlate with the unforbidden {110} diffraction spots. Together with the red- and blue-shifts of the reflectance peaks by the component substitutions, the air-Al2O3 gyroid structure reveals the high-amplitude spectrum due to the large refractive-index difference between channel and matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungyun Jo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Taesuk Jun
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hui Il Jeon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunggi Seo
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungjun Kim
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwoo Lee
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Department of Integrative Energy Engineering, Biomicrosystem Technology, and KU Photonics Center, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Du Yeol Ryu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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19
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Kuo S. Hydrogen bonding mediated
self‐assembled
structures from block copolymer mixtures to mesoporous materials. POLYM INT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiao‐Wei Kuo
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science Center of Crystal Research, National Sun Yat‐Sen University Kaohsiung Taiwan
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20
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Li C, Dong Q, Li W. Largely Tunable Asymmetry of Phase Diagrams of A(AB) n Miktoarm Star Copolymer. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Qingshu Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Weihua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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21
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Abstract
Colorimetric sensors offer the prospect for on-demand sensing diagnostics in simple and low-cost form factors, enabling rapid spatiotemporal inspection by digital cameras or the naked eye. However, realizing strong dynamic color variations in response to small changes in sample properties has remained a considerable challenge, which is often pursued through the use of highly responsive materials under broadband illumination. In this work, we demonstrate a general colorimetric sensing technique that overcomes the performance limitations of existing chromatic and luminance-based sensing techniques. Our approach combines structural color optical filters as sensing elements alongside a multichromatic laser illuminant. We experimentally demonstrate our approach in the context of label-free biosensing and achieve ultrasensitive and perceptually enhanced chromatic color changes in response to refractive index changes and small molecule surface attachment. Using structurally enabled chromaticity variations, the human eye is able to resolve ∼0.1-nm spectral shifts with low-quality factor (e.g., Q ∼ 15) structural filters. This enables spatially resolved biosensing in large area (approximately centimeters squared) lithography-free sensing films with a naked eye limit of detection of ∼3 pg/mm2, lower than industry standard sensors based on surface plasmon resonance that require spectral or angular interrogation. This work highlights the key roles played by both the choice of illuminant and design of structural color filter, and it offers a promising pathway for colorimetric devices to meet the strong demand for high-performance, rapid, and portable (or point-of-care) diagnostic sensors in applications spanning from biomedicine to environmental/structural monitoring.
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22
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Yang Y, Chen Y, Hou Z, Li F, Xu M, Liu Y, Tian D, Zhang L, Xu J, Zhu J. Responsive Photonic Crystal Microcapsules of Block Copolymers with Enhanced Monochromaticity. ACS NANO 2020; 14:16057-16064. [PMID: 33191731 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c07898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembly of block copolymers (BCPs) has been developed as a promising approach for constructing photonic crystal (PC) microspheres for dynamic optical modulation. However, high curvature in the center of microspheres usually distorts the periodic core structure, leading to an inconsistency of photonic bandgap and poor monochromaticity of structural color. Herein, we report a simple yet robust strategy for fabricating responsive PC microcapsules of polystyrene-b-poly(2-vinylpyridine) through self-emulsification strategy. Interestingly, the microcapsules exhibit bright structural color with significantly enhanced monochromaticity, compared to their solid counterpart, since the microcapsules have no irregular cores. The structural colors of the PC microcapsules not only exhibit a variability through binary mixing of BCPs but also show a responsiveness to pH value. As a colored microcarrier, the PC microcapsules show a potential for visualizing the pH-dependent release behavior of encapsulated hydrophilic cargos on account of pH-responsive structural color.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zaiyan Hou
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Fan Li
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Mengjun Xu
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Di Tian
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Lianbin Zhang
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jiangping Xu
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jintao Zhu
- State Key Lab of Materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology and Key Lab of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (HUST) of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
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23
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Xu Y, Hickey RJ. Solvent-Responsive and Reversible Structural Coloration in Nanostructured Block Polymer Films. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Xu
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Robert J. Hickey
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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24
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Xie Q, Qiang Y, Li W. Regulate the Stability of Gyroids of ABC-Type Multiblock Copolymers by Controlling the Packing Frustration. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:278-283. [PMID: 35638691 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We propose to regulate the stability of gyroids of ABC-type multiblock copolymers by controlling the packing frustration of majority-component B-blocks. Accordingly, we investigate the self-assembly behaviors of the BABCB linear terpolymer with a variable length ratio τ of the middle B-block relative to the total B-blocks using self-consistent field theory. It is observed that the gyroid region exhibits a maximal width with respect to τ, which is attributed by the nonmonotonical change of the packing frustration of three B-blocks in the morphology of discrete domains, for example, cylinders. Then we further purposely design another ABC-type copolymer composed of an ABC linear triblock tethered by another B-block at the middle of the B-block. In contrast, the packing frustration of B-blocks of the second terpolymer drops down continuously as the middle B-block shortens, thus, expanding the stable regions of cylinders and spheres while contracting those of lamella and gyroid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yicheng Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Weihua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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25
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Chen WC, Tsao YH, Wang CF, Huang CF, Dai L, Chen T, Kuo SW. Main Chain-Type Block Copolymers through Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization from Double-Decker-Shaped Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane Hybrids. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E465. [PMID: 32079321 PMCID: PMC7077682 DOI: 10.3390/polym12020465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we synthesized two main chain-type block copolymers featuring hydrogen bond donor and acceptor segments through atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) using a bifunctionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) nanoparticle as the initiator. Hydrosilylation of vinylbenzyl chloride at the two corners of a double-decker silsesquioxane (DDSQ) provided the bifunctionalized benzyl chloride initiator VBC-DDSQ-VBC, which we applied as a platform to prepare a main chain-type polystyrene homopolymer (PS-DDSQ-PS), the diblock copolymer poly(styrene-b-4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP-b-PS-DDSQ-PS-b-P4VP), and the diblock copolymer poly(styrene-b-tert-butoxystyrene) (PtBuOS-b-PS-DDSQ-PS-b-PtBuOS) through sequential ATRP. Selective hydrolysis of the tert-butoxyl units of PtBuOS-b-PS-DDSQ-PS-b-PtBuOS yielded the strongly hydrogen bonding diblock copolymer poly (styrene-b-vinylphenol) (PVPh-b-PS-DDSQ-PS-b-PVPh). We used Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, size exclusion chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry, mass-analyzed laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry, and transmission electron microscopy to investigate the chemical structures, thermal behavior, and self-assembled nanostructures formed by these main chain-type block copolymers based on DDSQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Cheng Chen
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, Center of Crystal Research, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; (W.-C.C.); (Y.-H.T.)
| | - Yu-Hsuan Tsao
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, Center of Crystal Research, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; (W.-C.C.); (Y.-H.T.)
| | - Chih-Feng Wang
- Advanced Membrane Materials Research Center, Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Feng Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung 402-27, Taiwan;
| | - Lizong Dai
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Fire Retardant Materials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China;
| | - Tao Chen
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Science, Zhongguan West Road 1219, Ningbo 315201, China;
| | - Shiao-Wei Kuo
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, Center of Crystal Research, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; (W.-C.C.); (Y.-H.T.)
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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26
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Tsou CT, Kuo SW. Competing Hydrogen Bonding Interaction Creates Hierarchically Ordered Self-Assembled Structures of PMMA-b-P4VP/PVPh-b-PS Mixtures. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Tai Tsou
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, Center of Crystal Research, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Shiao-Wei Kuo
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, Center of Crystal Research, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
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27
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Hydrogen bonding induces unusual self-assembled structures from mixtures of two miscible disordered diblock copolymers. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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28
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Kennemur JG. Poly(vinylpyridine) Segments in Block Copolymers: Synthesis, Self-Assembly, and Versatility. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Justin G. Kennemur
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
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29
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Impact of Cubic Symmetry on Optical Activity of Dielectric 8-srs Networks. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app8112104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Photonic crystals are engineered structures able to control the propagation and properties of light. Due to this ability, they can be fashioned into optical components for advanced light manipulation and sensing. For these applications, a particularly interesting case study is the gyroid srs-network, a three-dimensional periodic network with both cubic symmetry and chirality. In this work we present the fabrication and characterization of three-dimensional cubically symmetric 8-srs photonic crystals derived from combination of eight individual gyroid srs-networks. We numerically and experimentally investigate optical properties of these photonic crystals and study in particular, the impact of cubic symmetry on transmission and optical activity (OA). Gyroid photonic crystals fabricated in this work can lead to the development of smaller, cheaper, and more efficient optical components with functionalities that go beyond the concept of lenses.
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30
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Tseng TC, Kuo SW. Hierarchical Self-Assembled Structures from Diblock Copolymer Mixtures by Competitive Hydrogen Bonding Strength. Molecules 2018; 23:E2242. [PMID: 30177633 PMCID: PMC6225209 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work we prepared poly(styrene⁻b⁻vinylphenol) (PS-b-PVPh) by sequential anionic living polymerization and poly(ethylene oxide-b-4-vinylpyridine) (PEO-b-P4VP) by reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (RAFT) by using poly(ethylene oxide) 4-cyano-4-(phenylcarbonothioylthio)pentanoate (PEO-SC(S)Ph) as a macroinitiator with two hydrogen bonded acceptor groups. When blending with disordered PEO-b-P4VP diblock copolymer, we found the order-order self-assembled structure transition from lamellar structure for pure PS-b-PVPh to cylindrical, worm-like, and finally to PEO crystalline lamellar structures. Taking the advantage of the ΔK effect from competitive hydrogen bonding strengths between PVPh/P4VP and PVPh/PEO domains, it could form the hierarchical self-assembled morphologies such as core⁻shell cylindrical nanostructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Chun Tseng
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, Center for Functional Polymers and Supramolecular Materials, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
| | - Shiao-Wei Kuo
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, Center for Functional Polymers and Supramolecular Materials, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
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31
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Self-Assembled Structures of Diblock Copolymer/Homopolymer Blends through Multiple Complementary Hydrogen Bonds. CRYSTALS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst8080330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A poly(styrene-b-vinylbenzyl triazolylmethyl methyladenine) (PS-b-PVBA) diblock copolymer and a poly(vinylbenzyl triazolylmethyl methylthymine) (PVBT) homopolymer were prepared through a combination of nitroxide-mediated radical polymerizations and click reactions. Strong multiple hydrogen bonding interactions of the A···T binary pairs occurred in the PVBA/PVBT miscible domain of the PS-b-PVBA/PVPT diblock copolymer/homopolymer blend, as evidenced in Fourier transform infrared and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. The self-assembled lamellar structure of the pure PS-b-PVBA diblock copolymer after thermal annealing was transformed to a cylinder structure after blending with PVBT at lower concentrations and then to a disordered micelle or macrophase structure at higher PVBT concentrations, as revealed by small-angle X-ray scattering and transmission electron microscopy.
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32
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Tseng TC, Kuo SW. Hydrogen-Bonding Strength Influences Hierarchical Self-Assembled Structures in Unusual Miscible/Immiscible Diblock Copolymer Blends. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Chun Tseng
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Shiao-Wei Kuo
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
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33
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Wu CS, Tsai PY, Wang TY, Lin EL, Huang YC, Chiang YW. Flexible or Robust Amorphous Photonic Crystals from Network-Forming Block Copolymers for Sensing Solvent Vapors. Anal Chem 2018. [PMID: 29514454 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Large-area and flexible amorphous photonic crystals (APCs) featuring interconnected network microstructures are fabricated using high-molecular-weight polystyrene- block-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PS-PMMA) block copolymers. Kinetically controlled microphase separation combining with synergistic weak incompatibility gives rise to short-range-order network microstructures, exhibiting noniridescent optical properties. Solubility-dependent solvatochromism with distinct responses to various organic solvent vapors is observed in the network-forming APC film. By taking advantage of photodegradation of the PMMA block, nanoporous network-forming films were prepared for subsequent template synthesis of robust SiO2- and TiO2-based APC films through sol-gel reaction. Consequently, refractive index contrast of the APC film was able to be manipulated, resulting in intensely enhanced reflectivity and increased response rate for detecting solvent vapor. With the integration of self-assembly and photolithography approaches, flexible and robust network-forming APC films with well-defined photopatterned textures are carried out. This can provide a novel means for the design of photopatterned organic or inorganic APC films for sensing solvent vapors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Sian Wu
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science , National Sun Yat-Sen University , Kaohsiung 80424 , Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Tsai
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science , National Sun Yat-Sen University , Kaohsiung 80424 , Taiwan
| | - Teng-Yi Wang
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science , National Sun Yat-Sen University , Kaohsiung 80424 , Taiwan
| | - En-Li Lin
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science , National Sun Yat-Sen University , Kaohsiung 80424 , Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chang Huang
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science , National Sun Yat-Sen University , Kaohsiung 80424 , Taiwan
| | - Yeo-Wan Chiang
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science , National Sun Yat-Sen University , Kaohsiung 80424 , Taiwan
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