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Xing X, Li Z, Zhao X, Tian Y, Chen X, Lang X, Yang D. Two-dimensional Aluminum Oxide Nanosheets Decorated with Palladium Oxide Nanodots for Highly Stable and Selective Hydrogen Sensing. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2208026. [PMID: 37013451 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202208026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen (H2 ) sensing materials such as semiconductor metal oxides may suffer from poor long-term stability against humidity and unsatisfactory selectivity against other interfering gases. To address the above issues, highly stable and selective H2 sensing built with palladium oxide nanodots decorating aluminum oxide nanosheets (PdO NDs//Al2 O3 NSs) has been achieved via combined template synthesis, photochemical deposition, and oxidation. Typically, the PdO NDs//Al2 O3 NSs are observed with thin NSs (≈17 nm thick) decorated with nanodots (≈3.3 nm in diameter). Beneficially, the sensor prototypes built with PdO NDs//Al2 O3 NSs show excellent long-term stability for 278 days, high selectivity against interfering gases, and outstanding stability against humidity at 300 °C. Remarkably, the sensor prototypes enable detection of a wide-range of 20 ppm - 6 V/V% H2 , and the response and recovery times are ≈5 and 16 s to 1 V/V% H2 , respectively. Theoretically, the heterojunctions of PdO NDs-Al2 O3 NSs with a large specific surface ratio and Al2 O3 NSs as the support exhibit excellent stability and selective H2 sensing. Practically, a sensing device integrated with the PdO NDs//Al2 O3 NSs sensor prototype is simulated for detecting H2 with reliable sensing response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaxia Xing
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network Technology, Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Optoelectronics Technology, Ministry of Education and Department of Electronics, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Zhenxu Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network Technology, Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Optoelectronics Technology, Ministry of Education and Department of Electronics, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Xinhua Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network Technology, Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Optoelectronics Technology, Ministry of Education and Department of Electronics, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Yingying Tian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network Technology, Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Optoelectronics Technology, Ministry of Education and Department of Electronics, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network Technology, Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Optoelectronics Technology, Ministry of Education and Department of Electronics, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Lang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network Technology, Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Optoelectronics Technology, Ministry of Education and Department of Electronics, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Dachi Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network Technology, Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Optoelectronics Technology, Ministry of Education and Department of Electronics, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
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He H, Liu J, Liu H, Pan Q, Zhang G. The development of high-performance room temperature NOX one-dimensional Na0.23TiO2/TiO2 compound gas sensor. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Khandelwal G, Dahiya R. Self-Powered Active Sensing Based on Triboelectric Generators. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2200724. [PMID: 35445458 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202200724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The demand for portable and wearable chemical or biosensors and their expeditious development in recent years has created a scientific challenge in terms of their continuous powering. As a result, mechanical energy harvesters such as piezoelectric and triboelectric generators (TEGs) have been explored recently either as sensors or harvesters to store charge in small, but long-life, energy-storage devices to power the sensors. The use of energy harvesters as sensors is particularly interesting, as with such multifunctional operations it is possible to reduce the number devices needed in a system, which also helps overcome the integration complexities. In this regard, TEGs are promising, particularly for energy autonomous chemical and biological sensors, as they can be developed with a wide variety of materials, and their mechanical energy to electricity conversion can be modulated by various analytes. This review focuses on this interesting dimension of TEGs and presents various self-powered active chemical and biological sensors. A brief discussion about the development of TEG-based physical, magnetic, and optical sensors is also included. The influence of environmental factors, various figures of merit, and the significance of TEG design are explained in context with the active sensing. Finally, the key applications, challenges, and future perspective of chemical and biological detection via TEGs are discussed with a view to drive further advances in the field of self-powered sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Khandelwal
- Bendable Electronics and Sensing Technologies (BEST) Group, James Watt South Building, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Ravinder Dahiya
- Bendable Electronics and Sensing Technologies (BEST) Group, James Watt South Building, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
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Zheng S, Duley WW, Peng P, Zhou N. Laser modification of Au-CuO-Au structures for improved electrical and electro-optical properties. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:245205. [PMID: 35255484 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac5b52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
CuO nanomaterials are one of the metal-oxides that received extensive investigations in recent years due to their versatility for applications in high-performance nano-devices. Tailoring the device performance through the engineering of properties in the CuO nanomaterials thus attracted lots of effort. In this paper, we show that nanosecond (ns) laser irradiation is effective in improving the electrical and optoelectrical properties in the copper oxide nanowires (CuO NWs). We find that ns laser irradiation can achieve joining between CuO NWs and interdigital gold electrodes. Meanwhile, the concentration and type of point defects in CuO can be controlled by ns laser irradiation as well. An increase in the concentration of defect centers, together with a reduction in the potential energy barrier at the Au/CuO interfaces due to laser irradiation increases electrical conductivity and enhances photo-conductivity. We demonstrate that the enhanced electrical and photo-conductivity achieved through ns laser irradiation can be beneficial for applications such as resistive switching and photo-detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zheng
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Waterloo, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials Joining, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Walter W Duley
- Centre for Advanced Materials Joining, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Peng Peng
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Waterloo, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials Joining, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Norman Zhou
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Waterloo, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials Joining, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
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Liu J, Zeng H, Zhang G, Li W, Nagashima K, Takahashi T, Hosomi T, Tanaka W, Kanai M, Yanagida T. Edge-Topological Regulation for in Situ Fabrication of Bridging Nanosensors. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:2569-2577. [PMID: 35226506 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c04600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In situ fabrication of well-defined bridging nanostructures is an interesting and unique approach to three-dimensionally design nanosensor structures, which are hardly attainable by other methods. Here, we demonstrate the significant effect of edge-topological regulation on in situ fabrication of ZnO bridging nanosensors. When employing seed layers with a sharp edge, which is a well-defined structure in conventional lithography, the bridging angles and electrical resistances between two opposing electrodes were randomly distributed. The stochastic nature of bridging growth direction at the sharp edges inherently causes such unintentional variation of structural and electrical properties. We propose an edgeless seed layer structure using a two-layers resist method to solve the above uncontrollability of bridging nanosensors. Such bridging nanosensors not only substantially improved the uniformity of structural and electrical properties between two opposing electrodes but also significantly enhanced the sensing responses for NO2 with the smaller variance and the lower limit of detection via in situ controlled electrical contacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangyang Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Hao Zeng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Guozhu Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Wenjun Li
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-Koen, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nagashima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8, Honcho, Kawaguchi-shi, Saitama 332-0012 Japan
| | - Tsunaki Takahashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8, Honcho, Kawaguchi-shi, Saitama 332-0012 Japan
| | - Takuro Hosomi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8, Honcho, Kawaguchi-shi, Saitama 332-0012 Japan
| | - Wataru Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Masaki Kanai
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-Koen, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yanagida
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-Koen, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
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Zhang G, Zeng H, Liu J, Nagashima K, Takahashi T, Hosomi T, Tanaka W, Yanagida T. Nanowire-based sensor electronics for chemical and biological applications. Analyst 2021; 146:6684-6725. [PMID: 34667998 DOI: 10.1039/d1an01096d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Detection and recognition of chemical and biological species via sensor electronics are important not only for various sensing applications but also for fundamental scientific understanding. In the past two decades, sensor devices using one-dimensional (1D) nanowires have emerged as promising and powerful platforms for electrical detection of chemical species and biologically relevant molecules due to their superior sensing performance, long-term stability, and ultra-low power consumption. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the recent progress and achievements in 1D nanowire synthesis, working principles of nanowire-based sensors, and the applications of nanowire-based sensor electronics in chemical and biological analytes detection and recognition. In addition, some critical issues that hinder the practical applications of 1D nanowire-based sensor electronics, including device reproducibility and selectivity, stability, and power consumption, will be highlighted. Finally, challenges, perspectives, and opportunities for developing advanced and innovative nanowire-based sensor electronics in chemical and biological applications are featured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guozhu Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan.
| | - Hao Zeng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan.
| | - Jiangyang Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan.
| | - Kazuki Nagashima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan. .,JST-PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Tsunaki Takahashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan. .,JST-PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Takuro Hosomi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan. .,JST-PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Wataru Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Yanagida
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan. .,Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-Koen, Kasuga, Fukuoka, 816-8580, Japan
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Electrically Conductive Networks from Hybrids of Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene Created by Laser Radiation. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11081875. [PMID: 34443706 PMCID: PMC8399117 DOI: 10.3390/nano11081875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A technology for the formation of electrically conductive nanostructures from single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), and their hybrids with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) on Si substrate has been developed. Under the action of single pulses of laser irradiation, nanowelding of SWCNT and MWCNT nanotubes with graphene sheets was obtained. Dependences of electromagnetic wave absorption by films of short and long nanotubes with subnanometer and nanometer diameters on wavelength are calculated. It was determined from dependences that absorption maxima of various types of nanotubes are in the wavelength region of about 266 nm. It was found that contact between nanotube and graphene was formed in time up to 400 fs. Formation of networks of SWCNT/MWCNT and their hybrids with rGO at threshold energy densities of 0.3/0.5 J/cm2 is shown. With an increase in energy density above the threshold value, formation of amorphous carbon nanoinclusions on the surface of nanotubes was demonstrated. For all films, except the MWCNT film, an increase in defectiveness after laser irradiation was obtained, which is associated with appearance of C–C bonds with neighboring nanotubes or graphene sheets. CNTs played the role of bridges connecting graphene sheets. Laser-synthesized hybrid nanostructures demonstrated the highest hardness compared to pure nanotubes. Maximum hardness (52.7 GPa) was obtained for MWCNT/rGO topology. Regularity of an increase in electrical conductivity of nanostructures after laser irradiation has been established for films made of all nanomaterials. Hybrid structures of nanotubes and graphene sheets have the highest electrical conductivity compared to networks of pure nanotubes. Maximum electrical conductivity was obtained for MWCNT/rGO hybrid structure (~22.6 kS/m). Networks of nanotubes and CNT/rGO hybrids can be used to form strong electrically conductive interconnections in nanoelectronics, as well as to create components for flexible electronics and bioelectronics, including intelligent wearable devices (IWDs).
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Dai T, Deng Z, Fang X, Lu H, He Y, Chang J, Wang S, Zhu N, Li L, Meng G. In Situ Assembly of Ordered Hierarchical CuO Microhemisphere Nanowire Arrays for High-Performance Bifunctional Sensing Applications. SMALL METHODS 2021; 5:e2100202. [PMID: 34927905 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202100202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Seeking a facile approach to directly assemble bridged metal oxide nanowires on substrates with predefined electrodes without the need for complex postsynthesis alignment and/or device procedures will bridge the gap between fundamental research and practical applications for diverse biochemical sensing, electronic, optoelectronic, and energy storage devices. Herein, regularly bridged CuO microhemisphere nanowire arrays (RB-MNAs) are rationally designed on indium tin oxide electrodes via thermal oxidation of ordered Cu microhemisphere arrays obtained by solid-state dewetting of patterned Ag/Cu/Ag films. Both the position and spacing of CuO microhemisphere nanowires can be well controlled by as-used shadow mask and the thickness of Cu film, which allows homogeneous manipulation of the bridging of adjacent nanowires grown from neighboring CuO hemispheres, and thus benefits highly sensitive trimethylamine (TMA) sensors and broad band (UV-visible to infrared) photodetectors. The electrical response of 3.62 toward 100 ppm TMA is comparable to that of state-of-the-art CuO-based sensors. Together with the feasibility of in situ assembly of RB-MNAs device arrays via common lithographic technologies, this work promises commercial device applications of CuO nanowires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Dai
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Materials, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, and Key Lab of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Advanced Laser Technology Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230037, China
| | - Zanhong Deng
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Materials, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, and Key Lab of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
- Advanced Laser Technology Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230037, China
| | - Xiaodong Fang
- Sino-German College of Intelligent Manufacturing, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, 518118, China
| | - Huadong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Yong He
- College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Junqing Chang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Materials, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, and Key Lab of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Shimao Wang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Materials, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, and Key Lab of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
- Advanced Laser Technology Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230037, China
| | - Nengwei Zhu
- Sino-German College of Intelligent Manufacturing, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, 518118, China
| | - Liang Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Thin Films, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Gang Meng
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Materials, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, and Key Lab of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
- Advanced Laser Technology Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230037, China
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Abstract
During the past two decades, one–dimensional (1D) metal–oxide nanowire (NW)-based molecular sensors have been witnessed as promising candidates to electrically detect volatile organic compounds (VOCs) due to their high surface to volume ratio, single crystallinity, and well-defined crystal orientations. Furthermore, these unique physical/chemical features allow the integrated sensor electronics to work with a long-term stability, ultra-low power consumption, and miniature device size, which promote the fast development of “trillion sensor electronics” for Internet of things (IoT) applications. This review gives a comprehensive overview of the recent studies and achievements in 1D metal–oxide nanowire synthesis, sensor device fabrication, sensing material functionalization, and sensing mechanisms. In addition, some critical issues that impede the practical application of the 1D metal–oxide nanowire-based sensor electronics, including selectivity, long-term stability, and low power consumption, will be highlighted. Finally, we give a prospective account of the remaining issues toward the laboratory-to-market transformation of the 1D nanostructure-based sensor electronics.
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Wang Y, Duan L, Deng Z, Liao J. Electrically Transduced Gas Sensors Based on Semiconducting Metal Oxide Nanowires. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E6781. [PMID: 33260973 PMCID: PMC7729516 DOI: 10.3390/s20236781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Semiconducting metal oxide-based nanowires (SMO-NWs) for gas sensors have been extensively studied for their extraordinary surface-to-volume ratio, high chemical and thermal stabilities, high sensitivity, and unique electronic, photonic and mechanical properties. In addition to improving the sensor response, vast developments have recently focused on the fundamental sensing mechanism, low power consumption, as well as novel applications. Herein, this review provides a state-of-art overview of electrically transduced gas sensors based on SMO-NWs. We first discuss the advanced synthesis and assembly techniques for high-quality SMO-NWs, the detailed sensor architectures, as well as the important gas-sensing performance. Relationships between the NWs structure and gas sensing performance are established by understanding general sensitization models related to size and shape, crystal defect, doped and loaded additive, and contact parameters. Moreover, major strategies for low-power gas sensors are proposed, including integrating NWs into microhotplates, self-heating operation, and designing room-temperature gas sensors. Emerging application areas of SMO-NWs-based gas sensors in disease diagnosis, environmental engineering, safety and security, flexible and wearable technology have also been studied. In the end, some insights into new challenges and future prospects for commercialization are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence & Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China;
| | - Li Duan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Security and Privacy in Intelligent Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China;
| | - Zhen Deng
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jianhui Liao
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
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Koo WT, Cho HJ, Kim DH, Kim YH, Shin H, Penner RM, Kim ID. Chemiresistive Hydrogen Sensors: Fundamentals, Recent Advances, and Challenges. ACS NANO 2020; 14:14284-14322. [PMID: 33124428 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c05307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen (H2) is one of the next-generation energy sources because it is abundant in nature and has a high combustion efficiency that produces environmentally benign products (H2O). However, H2/air mixtures are explosive at H2 concentrations above 4%, thus any leakage of H2 must be rapidly and reliably detected at much lower concentrations to ensure safety. Among the various types of H2 sensors, chemiresistive sensors are one of the most promising sensing systems due to their simplicity and low cost. This review highlights the advances in H2 chemiresistors, including metal-, semiconducting metal oxide-, carbon-based materials, and other materials. The underlying sensing mechanisms for different types of materials are discussed, and the correlation of sensing performances with nanostructures, surface chemistry, and electronic properties is presented. In addition, the discussion of each material emphasizes key advances and strategies to develop superior H2 sensors. Furthermore, recent key advances in other types of H2 sensors are briefly discussed. Finally, the review concludes with a brief outlook, perspective, and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Tae Koo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jin Cho
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Ha Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Hwa Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hamin Shin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Reginald M Penner
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Il-Doo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
Reduced graphene oxide and copper oxide multilayer structures were fabricated in a planar configuration by deposition on both ceramic and Si/SiO2 substrates with interdigitated Au electrodes by the spray method. SEM (scanning electron microscopy), TEM (transmission electron microscopy), XRD (X-ray diffraction), and elemental analysis investigations indicated that graphene oxide (GO) was obtained in a form of interconnected flakes consisting of 6–7 graphene layers for GO with the total thickness of ca. 6 nm and 2–3 layers for rGO with the total thickness of 1 nm. The lateral size of one flake reached up to 10 micrometers. Copper oxide was obtained by the wet chemical method. The number of sequential layers of the sensing structure was optimized to obtain good sensitivity and acceptable response/recovery times in response to the oxidizing nitrogen dioxide atmosphere. Both semiconductor partners revealed p-type conductivity. Formation of isotype heterojunctions between both semiconductor partners was taken into account and their influence on electrical transport explained. Optimized sensor structures revealed relative sensitivities reaching several tens of percent and acceptable response and recovery times in NO2 concentration ranged from a few to 20 ppm. Possibility of manufacturing sensors working at room temperature was shown, but at the cost of prolonged response/recovery times.
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Din SU, Haq MU, Sajid M, Khatoon R, Chen X, Li L, Zhang M, Zhu L. Development of high-performance sensor based on NiO/SnO 2 heterostructures to study sensing properties towards various reducing gases. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:395502. [PMID: 32485683 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab98bb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we report the spontaneous formation of NiO nanoparticles-decorated onto smooth SnO2 nanofibers, which is an inexpensive and scalable method for yielding a high composite surface area via a simple two-step synthesis process based on electrospinning and the hydrothermal method. A Nickel Oxide proton-conducting electrolyte is deposited homogeneously over a large surface area in a transparent solution, mixed and decorated onto Tin dioxide nanofibers, as evidenced by cross sectional imaging of the electrospun nanofibers. The composite based on nanoparticle-decorated fibers enlarges the surface area of the exposed electrolyte, which fundamentally improves the overall gas sensing performance. The crystal structure, morphology, and physio-chemical surface state of the NiO/SnO2-based specimen are comprehensively examined using XRD, SEM, TEM, HRTEM, EDX, and photoelectron (XPS) spectroscopy. The composite based on NiO/SnO2 nanoparticle-decorated fibers exhibits an optimistic mesoporous nature with a huge specific area, which is key for superior gas sensors. The result reveals that NiO/SnO2 nanoparticle-decorated fibers with an average size of 180-260 nm in diameter, where the average length of fibers was about 1.5 μm. The composite-based heterojunction of NiO/SnO2 nanoparticle-decorated fibers enhances the adsorption of oxygen molecules, which show fast response, good selectivity and quick recovery speed against ethanol gas at an optimal temperature of about 160 °C. The maximum sensitivity response of the sensor-based composite NiO/SnO2 nanoparticle-decorated fibers was 23.87 in respect of 100 ppm ethanol gas at a low temperature of 160 °C; this is approximately about 7.2 times superior to that of pure SnO2 nanofibers. The superior gas sensing capabilities of a composite based on NiO/SnO2 nanoparticle-decorated fibers may be attributable to the enhanced catalytic effect of the small sized NiO nanoparticles on smooth SnO2 nanofibers, together with the p/n heterojunction effects between NiO and SnO2 heterostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salah Ud Din
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
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Ding Y, Zhao M, Yu J, Zhang X, Li Z, Li H. Using the interfacial barrier effects of p-n junction on electrochemistry for detection of phosphate. Analyst 2020; 145:3217-3221. [PMID: 32211694 DOI: 10.1039/c9an02579k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel type of electrochemical sensor for detection of phosphate in water environment was developed by combining the interfacial barrier of p-n junction with the adsorption of phosphate. The electrochemical response was produced by the induced change of the barrier height, which was only caused by the specific adsorption of phosphate. Two linear concentration ranges (0-0.045 mg L-1 and 0.045-0.090 mg L-1) with two sensitivities (4.98 μA (μg L-1)-1 and 1.28 μA (μg L-1)-1) were found. The good performance made the sensor meet the requirements of the World Health Organization for drinking water (1 mg L-1 of phosphate). It is an approach to develop electrochemical sensors by employing the interfacial barrier effects on electrochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ding
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 266100 Qingdao, PR China.
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15
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Petrov VV, Varzarev YN, Starnikova AP, Abdullin KA. Thermodynamic Analysis of the Mechanism of Interaction of Carbon(II) Oxide with an Array of Nanorods of ZnO. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s199079312001025x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Ahmad R, Majhi SM, Zhang X, Swager TM, Salama KN. Recent progress and perspectives of gas sensors based on vertically oriented ZnO nanomaterials. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 270:1-27. [PMID: 31154073 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Vertically oriented zinc oxide (ZnO) nanomaterials, such as nanorods (NRs), nanowires (NWs), nanotubes (NTs), nanoneedles (NNs), and nanosheets (NSs), are highly ordered architectures that provide remarkable properties for sensors. Furthermore, these nanostructures have fascinating features, including high surface-area-to-volume ratios, high charge carrier concentrations, and many surface-active sites. These features make vertically oriented ZnO nanomaterials exciting candidates for gas sensor fabrication. The development of efficient methods for the production of vertically oriented nanomaterial electrode surfaces has resulted in improved stability, high reproducibility, and gas sensing performance. Moving beyond conventional fabrication processes that include binders and nanomaterial deposition steps has been crucial, as the materials from these processes suffer from poor stability, low reproducibility, and marginal sensing performance. In this feature article, we comprehensively describe vertically oriented ZnO nanomaterials for gas sensing applications. The uses of such nanomaterials for gas sensor fabrication are discussed in the context of ease of growth, stability on an electrode surface, growth reproducibility, and enhancements in device efficiency as a result of their unique and advantageous features. In addition, we summarize applications of gas sensors for a variety of toxic and volatile organic compound (VOC) gases, and we discuss future directions of the vertically oriented ZnO nanomaterials.
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17
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Wang BS, Li RY, Zhang ZY, Xing-Wang, Wu XL, Cheng GA, Zheng RT. An overlapping ZnO nanowire photoanode for photoelectrochemical water splitting. Catal Today 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2018.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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18
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Majhi SM, Lee HJ, Choi HN, Cho HY, Kim JS, Lee CR, Yu YT. Construction of novel hybrid PdO–ZnO p–n heterojunction nanostructures as a high-response sensor for acetaldehyde gas. CrystEngComm 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ce00710e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A facile and unique approach to design PdO@ZnO p–n heterojunction nanostructures (NSs) as a highly sensitive and selective acetaldehyde gas sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjit Manohar Majhi
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering and Research Center for Advanced Materials Development
- College of Engineering
- Chonbuk National University
- Jeonju
- South Korea
| | - Hu-Jun Lee
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering and Research Center for Advanced Materials Development
- College of Engineering
- Chonbuk National University
- Jeonju
- South Korea
| | - Ha-Nui Choi
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering and Research Center for Advanced Materials Development
- College of Engineering
- Chonbuk National University
- Jeonju
- South Korea
| | - Ha-Young Cho
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering and Research Center for Advanced Materials Development
- College of Engineering
- Chonbuk National University
- Jeonju
- South Korea
| | - Jin-Soo Kim
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering and Research Center for Advanced Materials Development
- College of Engineering
- Chonbuk National University
- Jeonju
- South Korea
| | - Cheul-Ro Lee
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering and Research Center for Advanced Materials Development
- College of Engineering
- Chonbuk National University
- Jeonju
- South Korea
| | - Yeon-Tae Yu
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering and Research Center for Advanced Materials Development
- College of Engineering
- Chonbuk National University
- Jeonju
- South Korea
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19
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Rackauskas S, Barbero N, Barolo C, Viscardi G. ZnO Nanowire Application in Chemoresistive Sensing: A Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 7:E381. [PMID: 29120384 PMCID: PMC5707598 DOI: 10.3390/nano7110381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This article provides an overview of the recent development of ZnO nanowires (NWs) for chemoresistive sensing. Working mechanisms of chemoresistive sensors are unified for gas, ultraviolet (UV) and bio sensor types: single nanowire and nanowire junction sensors are described, giving the overview for a simple sensor manufacture by multiple nanowire junctions. ZnO NW surface functionalization is discussed, and how this effects the sensing is explained. Further, novel approaches for sensing, using ZnO NW functionalization with other materials such as metal nanoparticles or heterojunctions, are explained, and limiting factors and possible improvements are discussed. The review concludes with the insights and recommendations for the future improvement of the ZnO NW chemoresistive sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simas Rackauskas
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy.
| | - Nadia Barbero
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy.
| | - Claudia Barolo
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy.
| | - Guido Viscardi
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy.
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20
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Lupan O, Postica V, Gröttrup J, Mishra AK, de Leeuw NH, Carreira JFC, Rodrigues J, Ben Sedrine N, Correia MR, Monteiro T, Cretu V, Tiginyanu I, Smazna D, Mishra YK, Adelung R. Hybridization of Zinc Oxide Tetrapods for Selective Gas Sensing Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:4084-4099. [PMID: 28111948 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b11337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the exceptionally improved sensing capability of highly porous three-dimensional (3-D) hybrid ceramic networks toward reducing gases is demonstrated for the first time. The 3-D hybrid ceramic networks are based on doped metal oxides (MexOy and ZnxMe1-xOy, Me = Fe, Cu, Al) and alloyed zinc oxide tetrapods (ZnO-T) forming numerous junctions and heterojunctions. A change in morphology of the samples and formation of different complex microstructures is achieved by mixing the metallic (Fe, Cu, Al) microparticles with ZnO-T grown by the flame transport synthesis (FTS) in different weight ratios (ZnO-T:Me, e.g., 20:1) followed by subsequent thermal annealing in air. The gas sensing studies reveal the possibility to control and change/tune the selectivity of the materials, depending on the elemental content ratio and the type of added metal oxide in the 3-D ZnO-T hybrid networks. While pristine ZnO-T networks showed a good response to H2 gas, a change/tune in selectivity to ethanol vapor with a decrease in optimal operating temperature was observed in the networks hybridized with Fe-oxide and Cu-oxide. In the case of hybridization with ZnAl2O4, an improvement of H2 gas response (to ∼7.5) was reached at lower doping concentrations (20:1), whereas the increase in concentration of ZnAl2O4 (ZnO-T:Al, 10:1), the selectivity changes to methane CH4 gas (response is about 28). Selectivity tuning to different gases is attributed to the catalytic properties of the metal oxides after hybridization, while the gas sensitivity improvement is mainly associated with additional modulation of the electrical resistance by the built-in potential barriers between n-n and n-p heterojunctions, during adsorption and desorption of gaseous species. Density functional theory based calculations provided the mechanistic insights into the interactions between different hybrid networks and gas molecules to support the experimentally observed results. The studied networked materials and sensor structures performances would provide particular advantages in the field of fundamental research, applied physics studies, and industrial and ecological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Lupan
- Functional Nanomaterials, Institute for Materials Science, Kiel University , Kaiserstrasse 2, D-24143, Kiel, Germany
- Department of Microelectronics and Biomedical Engineering, Technical University of Moldova , 168 Stefan cel Mare Avenue, MD-2004 Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
| | - V Postica
- Department of Microelectronics and Biomedical Engineering, Technical University of Moldova , 168 Stefan cel Mare Avenue, MD-2004 Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
| | - J Gröttrup
- Functional Nanomaterials, Institute for Materials Science, Kiel University , Kaiserstrasse 2, D-24143, Kiel, Germany
| | - A K Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, University College London , 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
- Research & Development, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES) , Bidholi, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - N H de Leeuw
- Department of Chemistry, University College London , 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University , Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - J F C Carreira
- Department of Physics and I3N, Institute for Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication, University of Aveiro , 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - J Rodrigues
- Department of Physics and I3N, Institute for Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication, University of Aveiro , 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - N Ben Sedrine
- Department of Physics and I3N, Institute for Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication, University of Aveiro , 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M R Correia
- Department of Physics and I3N, Institute for Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication, University of Aveiro , 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - T Monteiro
- Department of Physics and I3N, Institute for Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication, University of Aveiro , 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - V Cretu
- Department of Microelectronics and Biomedical Engineering, Technical University of Moldova , 168 Stefan cel Mare Avenue, MD-2004 Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
| | - I Tiginyanu
- Department of Microelectronics and Biomedical Engineering, Technical University of Moldova , 168 Stefan cel Mare Avenue, MD-2004 Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
| | - D Smazna
- Functional Nanomaterials, Institute for Materials Science, Kiel University , Kaiserstrasse 2, D-24143, Kiel, Germany
| | - Y K Mishra
- Functional Nanomaterials, Institute for Materials Science, Kiel University , Kaiserstrasse 2, D-24143, Kiel, Germany
| | - R Adelung
- Functional Nanomaterials, Institute for Materials Science, Kiel University , Kaiserstrasse 2, D-24143, Kiel, Germany
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21
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Ding L, Zhao M, Fan S, Li H, Ma Y, Liang J, Chen S. New insights into the electrochemical detection application of p-p junction foam: the effects of the interfacial potential barrier. Analyst 2016; 141:6515-6520. [PMID: 27734048 DOI: 10.1039/c6an01856d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
3D NiO/Co3O4 p-p junction foam was fabricated and applied for electrochemical detection of biomarkers. The theoretical model of employing the interfacial potential barrier as an electrochemical tuning factor was explored in depth. The signals of different targets with similar redox properties could be controllably distinguished by depressing or strengthening the potential barrier. The absorbed positively charged molecules would induce negative charges, inciting a decrease of the potential barrier height Φ and resistance, which is an enhanced tuning factor of the electrochemical signal. However, the effects of the absorbed negatively charged molecules went completely in the inverse direction; the resistance increased following by the increased Φ, which is a weakened tuning factor. Furthermore, the optimum adjustive effects of the p-p junction were validated as both the p-type regions are fully exposed. It is a general strategy to solve the difficulty in selective electrochemical detection of an analyte with similar redox properties. The results build a bridge to connect the potential barrier and electrochemical detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longjiang Ding
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, PR China.
| | - Minggang Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, PR China.
| | - Sisi Fan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, PR China.
| | - Hui Li
- Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies Engineering Laboratory of Shandong, Physics Department, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266100, PR China
| | - Ye Ma
- Department of chemistry, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Jingjing Liang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, PR China.
| | - Shougang Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, PR China.
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22
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Wang Z, Nayak PK, Caraveo-Frescas JA, Alshareef HN. Recent Developments in p-Type Oxide Semiconductor Materials and Devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:3831-3892. [PMID: 26879813 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201503080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The development of transparent p-type oxide semiconductors with good performance may be a true enabler for a variety of applications where transparency, power efficiency, and greater circuit complexity are needed. Such applications include transparent electronics, displays, sensors, photovoltaics, memristors, and electrochromics. Hence, here, recent developments in materials and devices based on p-type oxide semiconductors are reviewed, including ternary Cu-bearing oxides, binary copper oxides, tin monoxide, spinel oxides, and nickel oxides. The crystal and electronic structures of these materials are discussed, along with approaches to enhance valence-band dispersion to reduce effective mass and increase mobility. Strategies to reduce interfacial defects, off-state current, and material instability are suggested. Furthermore, it is shown that promising progress has been made in the performance of various types of devices based on p-type oxides. Several innovative approaches exist to fabricate transparent complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) devices, including novel device fabrication schemes and utilization of surface chemistry effects, resulting in good inverter gains. However, despite recent developments, p-type oxides still lag in performance behind their n-type counterparts, which have entered volume production in the display market. Recent successes along with the hurdles that stand in the way of commercial success of p-type oxide semiconductors are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwei Wang
- Materials Science & Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science & Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pradipta K Nayak
- Materials Science & Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science & Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jesus A Caraveo-Frescas
- Materials Science & Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science & Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Husam N Alshareef
- Materials Science & Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science & Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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23
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Kim JH, Wu P, Kim HW, Kim SS. Highly Selective Sensing of CO, C6H6, and C7H8 Gases by Catalytic Functionalization with Metal Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:7173-83. [PMID: 26947256 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b01116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We have fabricated multiple networked SnO2 nanowires and subsequently decorated them with uniformly distributed metal nanoparticles (NPs). The sensing tests indicated that the Pt-, Pd-, and Au-decorated SnO2 nanowires exhibited excellent sensing behavior, specifically for C7H8, C6H6, and CO gases, respectively. We discussed the associated sensing mechanisms in regard to the selective catalytic effects of metal NPs. In addition, by means of d-band theory, we explained the catalytic capabilities of each metal and proposed design principles for exploring new catalytic metals. The present study will pave the way for further development of high-selectivity sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hun Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Inha University , Incheon 402-751, Republic of Korea
| | - Ping Wu
- Entropic Interface Group, Singapore University of Technology & Design , Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Hyoun Woo Kim
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanyang University , Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Sub Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Inha University , Incheon 402-751, Republic of Korea
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24
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Jeong HM, Kim JH, Jeong SY, Kwak CH, Lee JH. Co3O4-SnO2 Hollow Heteronanostructures: Facile Control of Gas Selectivity by Compositional Tuning of Sensing Materials via Galvanic Replacement. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:7877-83. [PMID: 26964735 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b00216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Co3O4 hollow spheres prepared by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis were converted into Co3O4-SnO2 core-shell hollow spheres by galvanic replacement with subsequent calcination at 450 °C for 2 h for gas sensor applications. Gas selectivity of the obtained spheres can be controlled by varying the amount of SnO2 shells (14.6, 24.3, and 43.3 at. %) and sensor temperatures. Co3O4 sensors possess an ability to selectively detect ethanol at 275 °C. When the amount of SnO2 shells was increased to 14.6 and 24.3 at. %, highly selective detection of xylene and methylbenzenes (xylene + toluene) was achieved at 275 and 300 °C, respectively. Good selectivity of Co3O4 hollow spheres to ethanol can be explained by a catalytic activity of Co3O4; whereas high selectivity of Co3O4-SnO2 core-shell hollow spheres to methylbenzenes is attributed to a synergistic effect of catalytic SnO2 and Co3O4 and promotion of gas sensing reactions by a pore-size control of microreactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Mook Jeong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University , Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyeok Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University , Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Yong Jeong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University , Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Kwak
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University , Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Heun Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University , Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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25
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Tanguy NR, Fiddes LK, Yan N. Enhanced Radio Frequency Biosensor for Food Quality Detection Using Functionalized Carbon Nanofillers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:11939-11947. [PMID: 25993041 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b01876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This paper outlines an improved design of inexpensive, wireless and battery free biosensors for in situ monitoring of food quality. This type of device has an additional advantage of being operated remotely. To make the device, a portion of an antenna of a passive 13.56 MHz radio frequency identification (RFID) tag was altered with a sensing element composed of conductive nanofillers/particles, a binding agent, and a polymer matrix. These novel RFID tags were exposed to biogenic amine putrescine, commonly used as a marker for food spoilage, and their response was monitored over time using a general-purpose network analyzer. The effect of conductive filler properties, including conductivity and morphology, and filler functionalization was investigated by preparing sensing composites containing carbon particles (CPs), multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and binding agent grafted-multiwall carbon nanotubes (g-MWCNTs), respectively. During exposure to putrescine, the amount of reflected waves, frequency at resonance, and quality factor of the novel RFID tags decreased in response. The use of MWCNTs reduced tag cutoff time (i.e., faster response time) as compared with the use of CPs, which highlighted the effectiveness of the conductive nanofiller morphology, while the addition of g-MWCNTs further accelerated the sensor response time as a result of localized binding on the conductive nanofiller surface. Microstructural investigation of the film morphology indicated a better dispersion of g-MWCNTs in the sensing composite as compared to MWCNTs and CPs, as well as a smoother texture of the surface of the resulting coating. These results demonstrated that grafting of the binding agent onto the conductive particles in the sensing composite is an effective way to further enhance the detection sensitivity of the RFID tag based sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas R Tanguy
- †Faculty of Forestry, University of Toronto, 33 Willcocks Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B3, Canada
| | - Lindsey K Fiddes
- ‡Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8 Canada
| | - Ning Yan
- †Faculty of Forestry, University of Toronto, 33 Willcocks Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B3, Canada
- §Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5 Canada
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26
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Zhou X, Lee S, Xu Z, Yoon J. Recent Progress on the Development of Chemosensors for Gases. Chem Rev 2015; 115:7944-8000. [PMID: 25651137 DOI: 10.1021/cr500567r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 392] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhou
- †Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea.,‡Research Center for Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Yanjii 133002, People's Republic of China
| | - Songyi Lee
- †Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhaochao Xu
- §Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Shahekou, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Juyoung Yoon
- †Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
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27
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Yang L, Cui J, Wang Y, Hou C, Xie H, Mei X, Wang W, Wang K. Nanospot welding of carbon nanotubes using near-field enhancement effect of AFM probe irradiated by optical fiber probe laser. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra10117k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The carbon nanotubes interconnection can be achieved by the new nanospot welding method with the near-field enhancement effect of the metallic AFM probe tip irradiated by optical fiber probe laser.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing
- Ministry of Education
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150001
- P. R. China
| | - Jianlei Cui
- Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing
- Ministry of Education
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150001
- P. R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing
- Ministry of Education
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150001
- P. R. China
| | - Chaojian Hou
- Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing
- Ministry of Education
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150001
- P. R. China
| | - Hui Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150001
- P. R. China
| | - Xuesong Mei
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710049
- P. R. China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710049
- P. R. China
| | - Kedian Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710049
- P. R. China
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28
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Effect of copper oxide nanoparticles on the conformation and activity of β-galactosidase. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 123:96-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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29
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Tseng YT, Lin JC, Ciou YJ, Hwang YR. Fabrication of a novel microsensor consisting of electrodeposited ZnO nanorod-coated crossed Cu micropillars and the effects of nanorod coating morphology on the gas sensing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:11424-11438. [PMID: 24960114 DOI: 10.1021/am5019836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A novel microsensor, consisting of crossed Cu micropillars coated with ZnO nanorods, was fabricated by electrochemical methods for detecting gas in a small space. The Cu micropillars (80 μm diameter, 10 mm long) were prepared by microanode-guided electroplating (MAGE) on the periphery of a square copper pad (dimensions 5.0 mm × 5.0 mm × 1.0 mm). The micropillars were electrochemically coated with a 500 nm thick layer of ZnO nanorods deposited from a bath containing 2.0 mM zinc chloride and H2O2 varying in 5, 10, 15, and 20 mM. Two ZnO-coated pillars were crossed to form a microsensor by approaching the Cu pads below, which was adhered to an alumina substrate with silver paste and connected to conducting wires for measurement. The morphology of the coating of ZnO nanorods, which was found to be determined by the concentration of H2O2 in the bath, influenced the gas sensing. The morphology of the coating was characterized by scanning electron microscopy; the structural analysis was carried out by X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM); the surface analysis was carried out by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; and the defects were determined with photoluminescence (PL) spectra. We thus investigated the effect of the morphology of the coating on the sensing properties by introducing a stream of gases varying in CO/air ratios to understand the sensing mechanism of the microsensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Tien Tseng
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering and ‡Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Central University , Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
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30
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de León AS, del Campo A, Fernández-García M, Rodríguez-Hernández J, Muñoz-Bonilla A. Tuning the pore composition by two simultaneous interfacial self-assembly processes: breath figures and coffee stain. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:6134-6141. [PMID: 24814700 DOI: 10.1021/la5011902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In the current paper, we prepared microstructured porous films by the breath figures approach using polymer blends consisting of polystyrene as the major component and an amphiphilic additive, either a synthetic block copolymer {two different polystyrene-b-poly[poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate] copolymers} or a series of commercial surfactants. Tetrahydrofuran was employed as the solvent. Confocal micro-Raman spectroscopy demonstrated the preferential location of the amphiphilic additives in the cavities of the film as a consequence of the breath figures mechanism. However, the distribution of the copolymer within the cavities varies depending upon the structure and, more precisely, the surface properties of the additives, leading to three different situations. First of all, the copolymer with a larger polystyrene segment, insoluble in the condensed water droplets, is homogeneously distributed along the whole surface of the cavities. On the contrary, when the copolymer is soluble in water (shorter polystyrene segment), it migrates inside the droplet and a coffee-stain phenomenon takes place during the water droplet evaporation, conducting to a ring-like deposition on the top edge of the cavities. Finally, when a water-soluble surfactant with high surface activity is used, the surfactant is solubilized inside the water droplets, which provokes a decrease on the surface tension and the coffee-ring effect is modified. In this situation, the copolymer covers the bottom of the pore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto S de León
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) , C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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31
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Cui J, Yang L, Zhou L, Wang Y. Nanoscale soldering of axially positioned single-walled carbon nanotubes: a molecular dynamics simulation study. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:2044-2050. [PMID: 24392855 DOI: 10.1021/am405114n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The miniaturization of electronics devices into the nanometer scale is indispensable for next-generation semi-conductor technology. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are considered to be the promising candidates for future interconnection wires. To study the carbon nanotubes interconnection during nanosoldering, the melting process of nanosolder and nanosoldering process between single-walled carbon nanotubes are simulated with molecular dynamics method. As the simulation results, the melting point of 2 nm silver solder is about 605 K because of high surface energy, which is below the melting temperature of Ag bulk material. In the nanosoldering process simulations, Ag atoms may be dragged into the nanotubes to form different connection configuration, which has no apparent relationship with chirality of SWNTs. The length of core filling nanowires structure has the relationship with the diameter, and it does not become longer with the increasing diameter of SWNT. Subsequently, the dominant mechanism of was analyzed. In addition, as the heating temperature and time, respectively, increases, more Ag atoms can enter the SWNTs with longer length of Ag nanowires. And because of the strong metal bonds, less Ag atoms can remain with the tight atomic structures in the gap between SWNT and SWNT. The preferred interconnection configurations can be achieved between SWNT and SWNT in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlei Cui
- Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150001, China
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