1
|
Sladek V, Šmak P, Tvaroška I. How E-, L-, and P-Selectins Bind to sLe x and PSGL-1: A Quantification of Critical Residue Interactions. J Chem Inf Model 2023; 63:5604-5618. [PMID: 37486087 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c00704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Selectins and their ability to interact with specific ligands are a cornerstone in cell communication. Over the last three decades, a considerable wealth of experimental and molecular modeling insights into their structure and modus operandi were gathered. Nonetheless, explaining the role of individual selectin residues on a quantitative level remained elusive, despite its importance in understanding the structure-function relationship in these molecules and designing their inhibitors. This work explores essential interactions of selectin-ligand binding, employing a multiscale approach that combines molecular dynamics, quantum-chemical calculations, and residue interaction network models. Such an approach successfully reproduces most of the experimental findings. It proves to be helpful, with the potential for becoming an established tool for quantitative predictions of residue contribution to the binding of biomolecular complexes. The results empower us to quantify the importance of particular residues and functional groups in the protein-ligand interface and to pinpoint differences in molecular recognition by the three selectins. We show that mutations in the E-, L-, and P-selectins, e.g., different residues in positions 46, 85, 97, and 107, present a crucial difference in how the ligand is engaged. We assess the role of sulfation of tyrosine residues in PSGL-1 and suggest that TyrSO3- in position 51 interacting with Arg85 in P-selectin is a significant factor in the increased affinity of P-selectin to PSGL-1 compared to E- and L-selectins. We propose an original pharmacophore targeting five essential PSGL-binding sites based on the analysis of the selectin···PSGL-1 interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Sladek
- Institute of Chemistry, SAS, Dubravska cesta 9, 84538 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Pavel Šmak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Igor Tvaroška
- Institute of Chemistry, SAS, Dubravska cesta 9, 84538 Bratislava, Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tvaroška I, Selvaraj C, Koča J. Selectins-The Two Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Faces of Adhesion Molecules-A Review. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25122835. [PMID: 32575485 PMCID: PMC7355470 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Selectins belong to a group of adhesion molecules that fulfill an essential role in immune and inflammatory responses and tissue healing. Selectins are glycoproteins that decode the information carried by glycan structures, and non-covalent interactions of selectins with these glycan structures mediate biological processes. The sialylated and fucosylated tetrasaccharide sLex is an essential glycan recognized by selectins. Several glycosyltransferases are responsible for the biosynthesis of the sLex tetrasaccharide. Selectins are involved in a sequence of interactions of circulated leukocytes with endothelial cells in the blood called the adhesion cascade. Recently, it has become evident that cancer cells utilize a similar adhesion cascade to promote metastases. However, like Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde’s two faces, selectins also contribute to tissue destruction during some infections and inflammatory diseases. The most prominent function of selectins is associated with the initial stage of the leukocyte adhesion cascade, in which selectin binding enables tethering and rolling. The first adhesive event occurs through specific non-covalent interactions between selectins and their ligands, with glycans functioning as an interface between leukocytes or cancer cells and the endothelium. Targeting these interactions remains a principal strategy aimed at developing new therapies for the treatment of immune and inflammatory disorders and cancer. In this review, we will survey the significant contributions to and the current status of the understanding of the structure of selectins and the role of selectins in various biological processes. The potential of selectins and their ligands as therapeutic targets in chronic and acute inflammatory diseases and cancer will also be discussed. We will emphasize the structural characteristic of selectins and the catalytic mechanisms of glycosyltransferases involved in the biosynthesis of glycan recognition determinants. Furthermore, recent achievements in the synthesis of selectin inhibitors will be reviewed with a focus on the various strategies used for the development of glycosyltransferase inhibitors, including substrate analog inhibitors and transition state analog inhibitors, which are based on knowledge of the catalytic mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Igor Tvaroška
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84538 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- Correspondence: (I.T.); (J.K.); Tel.: +421-948-535-601 (I.T.); +420-731-682-606 (J.K.)
| | - Chandrabose Selvaraj
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Koča
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: (I.T.); (J.K.); Tel.: +421-948-535-601 (I.T.); +420-731-682-606 (J.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Woelke AL, Kuehne C, Meyer T, Galstyan G, Dernedde J, Knapp EW. Understanding selectin counter-receptor binding from electrostatic energy computations and experimental binding studies. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:16443-54. [PMID: 24304345 DOI: 10.1021/jp4099123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Higher organisms defend themselves against invading micro-organisms and harmful substances with their immune system. Key players of the immune system are the white blood cells (WBC), which in case of infection move in an extravasation process from blood vessels toward infected tissue promoting inflammation. This process starts with the attachment of the WBC to the blood vessel wall, mediated by protein pair interactions of selectins and counter-receptors (C-R). Individual selectin C-R binding is weak and varies only moderately between the three selectin types. Multivalency enhances such small differences, rendering selectin-binding type specific. In this work, we study selectin C-R binding, the initial step of extravasation. We performed electrostatic energy computations based on the crystal structure of one selectin type co-crystallized with the ligating part of the C-R. The agreement with measured free energies of binding is satisfactory. Additionally, we modeled selectin mutant structures in order to explain differences in binding of the different selectin types. To verify our modeling procedures, surface plasmon resonance data were measured for several mutants and compared with computed binding affinities. Binding affinities computed with soaked rather than co-crystallized selectin C-R structures do not agree with measured data. Hence, these structures are inappropriate to describe the binding mode. The analysis of selectin/C-R binding unravels the role played by individual molecular components in the binding event. This opens new avenues to prevent immune system malfunction, designing drugs that can control inflammatory processes by moderating selectin C-R binding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lena Woelke
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin , D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Visualization of allostery in P-selectin lectin domain using MD simulations. PLoS One 2010; 5:e15417. [PMID: 21170343 PMCID: PMC2999562 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0015417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2010] [Accepted: 09/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Allostery of P-selectin lectin (Lec) domain followed by an epithelial growth factor (EGF)-like domain is essential for its biological functionality, but the underlying pathways have not been well understood. Here the molecular dynamics simulations were performed on the crystallized structures to visualize the dynamic conformational change for state 1 (S1) or state 2 (S2) Lec domain with respective bent (B) or extended (E) EGF orientation. Simulations illustrated that both S1 and S2 conformations were unable to switch from one to another directly. Instead, a novel S1' conformation was observed from S1 when crystallized B-S1 or reconstructed “E-S1” structure was employed, which was superposed well with that of equilibrated S1 Lec domain alone. It was also indicated that the corresponding allosteric pathway from S1 to S1' conformation started with the separation between residues Q30 and K67 and terminated with the release of residue N87 from residue C109. These results provided an insight into understanding the structural transition and the structure-function relationship of P-selectin allostery.
Collapse
|
5
|
Slotta JE, Braun OO, Menger MD, Thorlacius H. Capture of platelets to the endothelium of the femoral vein is mediated by CD62P and CD162. Platelets 2010; 20:505-12. [PMID: 19852690 DOI: 10.3109/09537100903215417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Platelets contribute to blood coagulation at sites of vascular injury and to the recruitment of leukocytes at sites of inflammation. Under pathological conditions, platelets are involved in numerous diseases and clinical complications, such as deep venous thrombosis, embolism and atherosclerosis. But so far, little is known about the mechanisms of inflammation in large veins and the role of platelets in inflamed large veins. For this purpose, we investigated primary and secondary interactions between platelets, leukocytes and endothelial cells in the femoral vein in vivo with special regard to the role of CD62P (P-selectin) and CD162 (PSGL-1). Mice were challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/D-galactosamine (D-gal) and either CD162 or CD62P was blocked by intravenous administration of a corresponding antibody at the time point of LPS/D-gal injection. Four hours after LPS/gal injection, intravital fluorescence microscopy of the femoral vein was performed and primary and secondary platelet-leukocyte-endothelial cell-interactions were visualized after in vivo platelet and leukocyte staining with rhodamine 6G. Analysis of intravital fluorescence microscopy revealed that LPS/D-gal caused a strong inflammatory reaction of the venous endothelium with significant induction of platelet and leukocyte tethering, rolling and adhesion. Secondary interactions of platelets to adherent or rolling platelets or leukocytes were also increased after LPS/D-gal-injection. Immunoneutralization of either CD162 or CD62P significantly decreased platelet primary and secondary capture as well as leukocyte rolling and adhesion. CD162 and CD62P play a central role in mediating inflammatory primary and secondary interactions of platelets and leukocytes to the endothelium in inflamed large veins in vivo. Thus, blocking CD162 or CD62P might be an attractive tool for preventing platelet and leukocyte-driven venous diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J E Slotta
- Department of Surgery, Malmö University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Barbaux S, Poirier O, Pincet F, Hermand P, Tiret L, Deterre P. The adhesion mediated by the P-selectin P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) couple is stronger for shorter PSGL-1 variants. J Leukoc Biol 2010; 87:727-34. [DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0609408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
|
7
|
Charbonneau S, Peng HT, Shek PN, Blostein MD. Amphipathic peptides can act as an anticoagulant by competing with phospholipid membranes for blood coagulation factors. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 391:1197-202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2009] [Accepted: 12/08/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Charbonneau
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tormo L, Organero JÁ, Cohen B, Martin C, Santos L, Douhal A. Dynamical and Structural Changes of an Anesthetic Analogue in Chemical and Biological Nanocavities. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:13641-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jp803083y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Tormo
- Departamento de Química Física, Sección de Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias del Medio Ambiente, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III, s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain, and Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Avda Camilo José Cela 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Juan Ángel Organero
- Departamento de Química Física, Sección de Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias del Medio Ambiente, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III, s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain, and Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Avda Camilo José Cela 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Boiko Cohen
- Departamento de Química Física, Sección de Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias del Medio Ambiente, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III, s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain, and Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Avda Camilo José Cela 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Cristina Martin
- Departamento de Química Física, Sección de Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias del Medio Ambiente, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III, s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain, and Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Avda Camilo José Cela 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Lucia Santos
- Departamento de Química Física, Sección de Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias del Medio Ambiente, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III, s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain, and Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Avda Camilo José Cela 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Abderrazzak Douhal
- Departamento de Química Física, Sección de Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias del Medio Ambiente, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III, s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain, and Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Avda Camilo José Cela 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Organero JA, Martin C, Cohen B, Douhal A. Chemical and biological caging effects on the relaxation of a proton-transfer dye. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:10352-10357. [PMID: 18702475 DOI: 10.1021/la801256h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We report studies of the interaction between a proton-transfer dye (1'-hydroxy,2'-acetonaphthone, HAN), with the human serum albumin (HSA) protein and a beta-cyclodextrin derivative (DM-beta-CD) in neutral water solutions. We used steady-state and picosecond time-resolved emission spectroscopy to follow the structural changes of HAN due to the hydrophobicity and confinement effect of these nanocavities. Upon encapsulation, the fluorescence intensity of the 1:1 inclusion complex in both cavities increases, and the emission lifetimes become longer. For the DM-beta-CD complexes, we obtained 430 and 920 ps, whereas for the HSA complexes we obtained 630 ps and 2 ns. Picosecond anisotropy measurements show strong confinement due to protein docking. The rotational time for the CD complex is 660 ps, whereas for the protein complex we find 6 ns. The process of energy transfer from the excited triptophan 214 (Trp214) of HSA to the trapped HAN occurs with high efficiency (71%), and the calculated distance between both chromophores is 17 A. We believe that the results are important for a better understanding of the processes occurring in inclusion complexes such as those in nanopharmacodynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Angel Organero
- Departamento de Química Física, Sección de Químicas, Facultad del Medio Ambiente, Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, Avenida Carlos III, S.N., Campus Tecnológico de Toledo, Toledo, Spain
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang HB, Wang JT, Zhang L, Geng ZH, Xu WL, Xu T, Huo Y, Zhu X, Plow EF, Chen M, Geng JG. P-selectin primes leukocyte integrin activation during inflammation. Nat Immunol 2007; 8:882-92. [PMID: 17632516 DOI: 10.1038/ni1491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2007] [Accepted: 06/20/2007] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Selectins mediate leukocyte rolling and prime leukocytes for integrin-mediated leukocyte adhesion. However, neither the in vivo importance of nor the signaling pathway by which selectin-mediated integrin activation occurs has been determined. We report here that P-selectin-deficient mice manifested impaired leukocyte adhesion, which was 'rescued' by soluble P-selectin. Mechanistically, the cytoplasmic domain of P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 formed a constitutive complex with Nef-associated factor 1. After binding of P-selectin, Src kinases phosphorylated Nef-associated factor 1, which recruited the phosphoinositide-3-OH kinase p85-p110delta heterodimer and resulted in activation of leukocyte integrins. Inhibition of this signal-transduction pathway diminished the adhesion of leukocytes to capillary venules and suppressed peritoneal infiltration of leukocytes. Our data demonstrate the functional importance of this newly identified signaling pathway mediated by P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Bo Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, The Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Xu T, Zhang L, Geng ZH, Wang HB, Wang JT, Chen M, Geng JG. P-selectin cross-links PSGL-1 and enhances neutrophil adhesion to fibrinogen and ICAM-1 in a Src kinase-dependent, but GPCR-independent mechanism. Cell Adh Migr 2007; 1:115-23. [PMID: 19262138 DOI: 10.4161/cam.1.3.4984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial and platelet P-selectin (CD62P) and leukocyte integrin alpha(M)beta(2) (CD11bCD18, Mac-1) are cell adhesion molecules essential for host defense and innate immunity. Upon inflammatory challenges, P-selectin binds to PSGL-1 (P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1, CD162) to mediate neutrophil rolling, during which integrins become activated by extracellular stimuli for their firm adhesion in a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR)-dependent mechanism. Here we show that cross-linking of PSGL-1 by dimeric or multimeric forms of platelet P-selectin, P-selectin receptor-globulin, anti-PSGL-1 mAb and its F(ab')2 induced adhesion of human neutrophils to fibrinogen (Fg) and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1, CD54) and triggered a moderate clustering of alpha(M)beta(2), but monomeric forms of soluble P-selectin and anti-PSGL-1 Fab did not. Interestingly, P-selectin did not induce a detectable interleukine-8 (IL-8) secretion (<0.1 ng/ml) in 30 minutes, whereas a high concentration of IL-8 (>50 ng/ml) was required to increase neutrophil adhesion to Fg. P-selectin-induced neutrophil adhesion was significantly inhibited by PP2 (a Src kinase inhibitor), but not by pertussis toxin (PTX; a GPCR inhibitor). Activated platelets also increased neutrophil binding to fibrinogen and triggered tyrosine phosphorylation of cellular proteins. Our results indicate that P-selectin-induced integrin activation (Src kinase-dependent) is distinct from that elicited by cytokines, chemokines, chemoattractants (GPCR-dependent), suggesting that these two signal transduction pathways may cooperate for maximal activation of leukocyte integrins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xu
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, The Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
|
13
|
Kneuer C, Ehrhardt C, Radomski MW, Bakowsky U. Selectins--potential pharmacological targets? Drug Discov Today 2006; 11:1034-40. [PMID: 17055414 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2006.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2006] [Revised: 08/23/2006] [Accepted: 09/07/2006] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in our (patho)physiological understanding have underpinned the frequent involvement of the protein family of selectins in the progression of serious illnesses, including cancer and cancer metastasis, and immunological diseases, such as asthma, allergy and autoimmune reactions. Moreover, selectins seem to have a role in post-ischemic damage and during transplant failures (e.g. in graft-versus-host disease). Although the interplay between selectins and their counter-receptors and ligands is not always primarily involved in the development of these pathological conditions, selectins have been investigated as potential therapeutic targets for therapeutic intervention. This review focuses on the latest trends and developments in anti-selectin antibodies, anti-selectin receptor antibodies, recombinant selectin counter-receptors, low molecular weight selectin antagonists (glycomimetics), induction of selectin tolerance and selectin-targeted imaging agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Kneuer
- Institute for Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Toxicology, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 15, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Neelamegham S. Transport features, reaction kinetics and receptor biomechanics controlling selectin and integrin mediated cell adhesion. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 11:35-50. [PMID: 15500296 DOI: 10.1080/15419060490471793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The distinct and overlapping roles of adhesion molecules belonging to the selectin and integrin families control the rate of leukocyte adhesion to stimulated vascular endothelial cells under hydrodynamic shear flow. Crystal structures have appeared for some of these interactions which complement molecular biology experiments, and clarify the molecular mechanism of the receptor-ligand binding interactions. Binding affinity data have also appeared using surface plasmon resonance and single-molecule biophysics experiments. These studies confirm and extend the predictions of previous experiments carried out in parallel-plate flow chambers, and cone and plate viscometers. This review discusses the current state of understanding on how molecular bond formation rates coupled with cellular and hydrodynamic features regulate leukocyte binding to endothelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sriram Neelamegham
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ma YQ, Plow EF, Geng JG. P-selectin binding to P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 induces an intermediate state of αMβ2 activation and acts cooperatively with extracellular stimuli to support maximal adhesion of human neutrophils. Blood 2004; 104:2549-56. [PMID: 15217824 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2004-03-1108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractP-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL-1, CD162) and integrin αMβ2 (Mac-1, CD11bCD18) are leukocyte adhesion molecules essential for innate immunity and inflammation. The interaction of PSGL-1 with P-selectin (CD62P) mediates tethering, rolling, and weak adhesion of leukocytes, during which they become sufficiently activated in situ by locally released or displayed cytokines and chemoattractants for integrin-mediated firm adhesion. However, communication between P-selectin and the integrin, whether P-selectin can trigger β2-integrin activation, remains controversial. We found that P-selectin immunoglobulin chimera and PSGL-1 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) increased adhesion of human neutrophils to immobilized, but not soluble, fibrinogen. This intermediate state of neutrophil adhesion was defined by moderate clustering of integrin αMβ2, no increase in CBRM1/5 (a mAb specific for the activation epitope on the αM subunit) recognition, and no increase in surface expression of αMβ2, whereas phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) induced extensive changes in these 3 parameters. Furthermore, platelet-activating factor or interleukin 8 acted in concert with P-selectin for further enhancing the activation of αMβ2. We thus propose a model in which P-selectin induces an intermediate state of integrin activation and then cooperates with other extracellular stimuli to support maximal adhesion of human neutrophils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Qing Ma
- University of Minnesota Medical School, MMC 480, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
Macrophages, phagocytic cells involved in an early phase of host defense, are known to express the P-selectin ligand, PSGL-1. Heretofore, P-selectin has only been found on platelets and endothelial cells. Here, we demonstrate that peritoneal macrophages isolated by peritoneal lavage of unchallenged mice express P-selectin on the plasma membrane. The peritoneal macrophages synthesize P-selectin, as indicated by metabolic labeling experiments. P-Selectin is constitutively expressed on the extracellular surface of macrophages but is only partially colocalized with PSGL-1. P-Selectin is rapidly translocated from the macrophage plasma membrane to intracellular vesicles and to lysosomes. Peritoneal macrophages assemble into cell strings under flow conditions based upon macrophage–macrophage interactions mediated by P-selectin and PSGL-1. This is the first description of a leukocyte shown to express both P-selectin and PSGL-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boris Tchernychev
- Center for Hemostasis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave., Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chen CH, Battaglioli G, Martin DL, Hobart SA, Colón W. Distinctive interactions in the holoenzyme formation for two isoforms of glutamate decarboxylase. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2003; 1645:63-71. [PMID: 12535612 DOI: 10.1016/s1570-9639(02)00522-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The interactions between glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) and its cofactor pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) play a key role in the regulation of GAD activity. The enzyme has two isoforms, GAD65 and GAD67. A comparison of binding constants, rate constants, and kinetic profiles for the formation of holoenzyme (holoGAD65 and holoGAD67) revealed that the two isoforms interact distinctively with the cofactor. GAD67 exhibits a higher binding constant for PLP binding, making it more difficult to dissociate PLP from holoGAD67 than holoGAD65. Meanwhile, PLP binding occurs at a much slower rate for GAD67 than GAD65, as evidenced by lower rate constants and a slower initial rate of the holoenzyme formation. Job's plots revealed a stoichiometry of 1:1 for PLP binding to GAD65 before and after the saturation level of PLP, while 1:2 for PLP binding to GAD67 prior to the saturation of PLP and 1:1 at the saturation level of PLP. These results suggested that the two binding sites of GAD65 exhibit similar affinities for PLP. In contrast, one binding site of GAD67 exhibits a significantly higher affinity for PLP than the other binding site. Based on these findings, it was proposed that a slower PLP binding to GAD67 than GAD65 and a less ease to dissociate PLP from holoGAD67 than holoGAD65 are important underlying factors. This attributes to GAD67 being more highly saturated by PLP and GAD65 being less saturated by PLP. A larger conformation change constant for GAD67 than GAD65 supported a significant conformational change induced by the initial PLP binding to GAD67, which affects the other binding site affinity of GAD67. The present studies provided valuable insights into distinctive properties between the two isoforms of GAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Hwei Chen
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, P.O. Box 509, Albany, NY 12201-0509, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jacobs SA, Fischle W, Khorasanizadeh S. Assays for the Determination of Structure and Dynamics of the Interaction of the Chromodomain with Histone Peptides. Methods Enzymol 2003; 376:131-48. [PMID: 14975303 DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(03)76009-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven A Jacobs
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22908, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Fayed T, Organero J, Garcia-Ochoa I, Tormo L, Douhal A. Ultrafast twisting motions and intramolecular charge-transfer reaction in a cyanine dye trapped in molecular nanocavities. Chem Phys Lett 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(02)01314-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
20
|
Shrestha S, Salins LLE, Mark Ensor C, Daunert S. Rationally designed fluorescently labeled sulfate-binding protein mutants: evaluation in the development of a sensing system for sulfate. Biotechnol Bioeng 2002; 78:517-26. [PMID: 12115121 DOI: 10.1002/bit.10221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Periplasmic binding proteins from E. coli undergo large conformational changes upon binding their respective ligands. By attaching a fluorescent probe at rationally selected unique sites on the protein, these conformational changes in the protein can be monitored by measuring the changes in fluorescence intensity of the probe which allow the development of reagentless sensing systems for their corresponding ligands. In this work, we evaluated several sites on bacterial periplasmic sulfate-binding protein (SBP) for attachment of a fluorescent probe and rationally designed a reagentless sensing system for sulfate. Eight different mutants of SBP were prepared by employing the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to introduce a unique cysteine residue at a specific location on the protein. The sites Gly55, Ser90, Ser129, Ala140, Leu145, Ser171, Val181, and Gly186 were chosen for mutagenesis by studying the three-dimensional X-ray crystal structure of SBP. An environment-sensitive fluorescent probe (MDCC) was then attached site-specifically to the protein through the sulfhydryl group of the unique cysteine residue introduced. Each fluorescent probe-conjugated SBP mutant was characterized in terms of its fluorescence properties and Ser171 was determined to be the best site for the attachment of the fluorescent probe that would allow for the development of a reagentless sensing system for sulfate. Three different environment-sensitive fluorescent probes (1,5-IAEDANS, MDCC, and acylodan) were studied with the SBP171 mutant protein. A calibration curve for sulfate was constructed using the labeled protein and relating the change in the fluorescence intensity with the amount of sulfate present in the sample. The detection limit for sulfate was found to be in the submicromolar range using this system. The selectivity of the sensing system was demonstrated by evaluating its response to other anions. A fast and selective sensing system with detection limits for sulfate in the submicromolar range was developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Shrestha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Blostein MD, Rigby AC, Jacobs M, Furie B, Furie BC. The Gla domain of human prothrombin has a binding site for factor Va. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:38120-6. [PMID: 10973980 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m007174200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of the Gla domain of human prothrombin in interaction with the prothrombinase complex was studied using a peptide with the sequence of the first 46 residues of human prothrombin, PT-(1-46). Intrinsic fluorescence measurements showed that PT-(1-46) undergoes a conformational alteration upon binding calcium; this conclusion is supported by one-dimensional (1)H NMR spectroscopy, which identifies a change in the chemical environment of tryptophan 41. PT-(1-46) binds phospholipid membranes in a calcium-dependent manner with a K(d) of 0.5 microm and inhibits thrombin generation by the prothrombinase complex with a K(i) of 0.8 microm. In the absence of phospholipid membranes, PT-(1-46) inhibits thrombin generation by factor Xa in the presence but not absence of factor Va, suggesting that PT-(1-46) inhibits prothrombin-factor Va binding. The addition of factor Va to PT-(1-46) labeled with the fluorophore sulfosuccinimidyl-7-amino-4-methylcoumarin-3-acetic acid (PT-(1-46)AMCA) caused a concentration-dependent quenching of AMCA fluorescence, providing direct evidence of a PT-(1-46)-factor Va interaction. The K(d) for this interaction was 1.3 microm. These results indicate that the N-terminal Gla domain of human prothrombin is a functional unit that has a binding site for factor Va. The prothrombin Gla domain is important for interaction of the substrate with the prothrombinase complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M D Blostein
- Center for Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Somers WS, Tang J, Shaw GD, Camphausen RT. Insights into the molecular basis of leukocyte tethering and rolling revealed by structures of P- and E-selectin bound to SLe(X) and PSGL-1. Cell 2000; 103:467-79. [PMID: 11081633 DOI: 10.1016/s0092-8674(00)00138-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 560] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
P-, E- and L-selectin constitute a family of cell adhesion receptors that mediate the initial tethering and rolling of leukocytes on inflamed endothelium as a prelude to their firm attachment and extravasation into tissues. The selectins bind weakly to sialyl Lewisx (SLe(X))-like glycans, but with high-affinity to specific glycoprotein counterreceptors, including PSGL-1. Here, we report crystal structures of human P- and E-selectin constructs containing the lectin and EGF (LE) domains co-complexed with SLe(X). We also present the crystal structure of P-selectin LE co-complexed with the N-terminal domain of human PSGL-1 modified by both tyrosine sulfation and SLe(X). These structures reveal differences in how E- and P-selectin bind SLe(X) and the molecular basis of the high-affinity interaction between P-selectin and PSGL-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W S Somers
- Genetics Institute, Wyeth Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Yang J, Hirata T, Croce K, Merrill-Skoloff G, Tchernychev B, Williams E, Flaumenhaft R, Furie BC, Furie B. Targeted gene disruption demonstrates that P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL-1) is required for P-selectin-mediated but not E-selectin-mediated neutrophil rolling and migration. J Exp Med 1999; 190:1769-82. [PMID: 10601352 PMCID: PMC2195714 DOI: 10.1084/jem.190.12.1769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL-1) is a mucin-like selectin counterreceptor that binds to P-selectin, E-selectin, and L-selectin. To determine its physiological role in cell adhesion as a mediator of leukocyte rolling and migration during inflammation, we prepared mice genetically deficient in PSGL-1 by targeted disruption of the PSGL-1 gene. The homozygous PSGL-1-deficient mouse was viable and fertile. The blood neutrophil count was modestly elevated. There was no evidence of spontaneous development of skin ulcerations or infections. Leukocyte infiltration in the chemical peritonitis model was significantly delayed. Leukocyte rolling in vivo, studied by intravital microscopy in postcapillary venules of the cremaster muscle, was markedly decreased 30 min after trauma in the PSGL-1-deficient mouse. In contrast, leukocyte rolling 2 h after tumor necrosis factor alpha stimulation was only modestly reduced, but blocking antibodies to E-selectin infused into the PSGL-1-deficient mouse almost completely eliminated leukocyte rolling. These results indicate that PSGL-1 is required for the early inflammatory responses but not for E-selectin-mediated responses. These kinetics are consistent with a model in which PSGL-1 is the predominant neutrophil P-selectin ligand but is not a required counterreceptor for E-selectin under in vivo physiological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Center for Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
- Department of Biochemistry, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02111
| | - Takako Hirata
- Center for Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
- Department of Biochemistry, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02111
| | - Kevin Croce
- Center for Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
- Department of Biochemistry, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02111
| | - Glenn Merrill-Skoloff
- Center for Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
- Department of Biochemistry, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02111
| | - Boris Tchernychev
- Center for Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
- Department of Biochemistry, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02111
| | - Eric Williams
- Center for Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
- Department of Biochemistry, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02111
| | - Robert Flaumenhaft
- Center for Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
- Department of Biochemistry, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02111
| | - Barbara C. Furie
- Center for Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
- Department of Biochemistry, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02111
| | - Bruce Furie
- Center for Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
- Department of Biochemistry, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02111
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) is a dimeric mucin-like 120-kDa glycoprotein on leukocyte surfaces that binds to P- and L-selectin and promotes cell adhesion in the inflammatory response. The extreme amino terminal extracellular domain of PSGL-1 is critical for these interactions, based on site-directed mutagenesis, blocking monoclonal antibodies, and biochemical analyses. The current hypothesis is that for high affinity interactions with P-selectin, PSGL-1 must contain O-glycans with a core-2 branched motif containing the sialyl Lewis x antigen (NeuAc alpha 2-->3Gal beta 1-->4[Fuc alpha 1-->3]GlcNAc beta 1-->R). In addition, high affinity interactions require the co-expression of tyrosine sulfate on tyrosine residues near the critical O-glycan structure. This review addresses the biochemical evidence for this hypothesis and the evidence that PSGL-1 is an important in vivo ligand for cell adhesion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R D Cummings
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City 73104, USA.
| |
Collapse
|