1
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Yuan S, Zhang H, Qiu Z, Xie Z. Palladium-Catalyzed Regioselective B(3,5)-Dialkenylation and B(4)-Alkenylation of o-Carboranes. J Org Chem 2024; 89:2474-2479. [PMID: 38303606 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Picolyl group directed B(3,5)-dialkenylation and B(4)-monoalkenylation of o-carboranes has been developed with a very low palladium catalyst loading. The degree of substitution is determined by the cage C(2)-substituents due to steric reasons. On the basis of experimental results, a plausible mechanism is proposed including electrophilic palladation and alkyne insertion followed by protonation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Yuan
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Huifang Zhang
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zaozao Qiu
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- Innovation Institute of Carbon Neutrality and International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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2
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Arslan ME, Baba C, Tozlu OO. Boron Compounds Mitigate 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-Induced Toxicity in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells. TOXICS 2024; 12:98. [PMID: 38393193 PMCID: PMC10891549 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12020098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) stands as one of the most potent halogenated polycyclic hydrocarbons, known to inflict substantial cytotoxic effects on both animal and human tissues. Its widespread presence and recalcitrance make it an environmental and health concern. Efforts are being intensively channeled to uncover strategies that could mitigate the adverse health outcomes associated with TCDD exposure. In the realm of counteractive agents, boron compounds are emerging as potential candidates. These compounds, which have found applications in a spectrum of industries ranging from agriculture to pharmaceutical and cosmetic manufacturing, are known to modulate several cellular processes and enzymatic pathways. However, the dose-response relationships and protective potentials of commercially prevalent boron compounds, such as boric acid (BA), ulexite (UX), and borax (BX), have not been comprehensively studied. In our detailed investigation, when peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were subjected to TCDD exposure, they manifested significant cellular disruptions. This was evidenced by compromised membrane integrity, a marked reduction in antioxidant defense mechanisms, and a surge in the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, a recognized marker for oxidative stress. On the genomic front, increased 8-OH-dG levels and chromosomal aberration (CA) frequency suggested that TCDD had the potential to cause DNA damage. Notably, our experiments have revealed that boron compounds could act as protective agents against these disruptions. They exhibited a pronounced ability to diminish the cytotoxic, genotoxic, and oxidative stress outcomes instigated by TCDD. Thus, our findings shed light on the promising role of boron compounds. In specific dosages, they may not only counteract the detrimental effects of TCDD but also serve as potential chemopreventive agents, safeguarding the cellular and genomic integrity of PBMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Enes Arslan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Sciences, Erzurum Technical University, 25050 Erzurum, Turkey; (C.B.); (O.O.T.)
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3
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Chen F, Guo W, Ma YN, Chen X. 9,9'-Bis- o-carboranes: synthesis and exploration of properties. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:614-617. [PMID: 38100063 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05041f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
A highly efficient Pd-catalyzed B(9)-H/B(9)-H oxidative dehydrogenation coupling of carboranes to synthesize 9,9'-bis-o-carboranes has been developed. The properties and derivatization of 9,9'-bis-o-carborane were also examined, which provided diverse bis-o-carborane derivatives and bis-nido-carborane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feijing Chen
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China.
| | - Wenjing Guo
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China.
| | - Yan-Na Ma
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China.
| | - Xuenian Chen
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China.
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Boron Chemistry and Advanced Energy Materials, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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Celebi O, Celebi D, Baser S, Aydın E, Rakıcı E, Uğraş S, Ağyar Yoldaş P, Baygutalp NK, Abd El-Aty AM. Antibacterial Activity of Boron Compounds Against Biofilm-Forming Pathogens. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:346-359. [PMID: 37464169 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03768-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of nine boron derivatives against biofilm-forming pathogenic bacteria. The effect of boron derivatives (CMB, calcium metaborate; SMTB, sodium metaborate tetrahydrate; ZB, zinc borate; STFB, sodium tetra fluorine borate; STB, sodium tetraborate; PTFB, potassium tetra fluor borate; APTB, ammonium pentabo-rate tetrahydrate; SPM, sodium perborate monohydrate; Borax, ATFB, ammonium tetra fluorine borate) on bacteria isolated from blood culture was determined by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method. Then, biofilm formation potentials on microplates, tubes, and Congo red agar were examined. The cytotoxicity of boron derivatives was determined by using WST-1-based methods. The interaction between the biofilm-forming bacteria, fibroblast cells, and boron derivatives was determined with the infection model. We found that the sodium metaborate tetrahydrate molecule was effective against all pathogens. According to the optical density values detected at 630 nm in microplates, meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was observed to have the most substantial biofilm ability at 0.257 nm. As a result of cytotoxicity studies, it has been determined that a 1 µg/L concentration of boron derivatives is not toxic to fibroblast L929 cells. In cell culture experiments, these boron derivatives have very serious inhibitory activity against biofilm-forming pathogens in a short treatment period, such as 2-4 h. Furthermore, using these molecules on inanimate surfaces affected by biofilms would be appropriate instead of living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozgur Celebi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Demet Celebi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
- Ataturk University Vaccine Application and Development Center, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Sumeyye Baser
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Elif Aydın
- Vocational School of Health Services, Kütahya Health Sciences University, Kütahya, Turkey.
| | - Erva Rakıcı
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, 53020, Rize, Turkey
| | - Serpil Uğraş
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Science, Duzce University, 81620, Düzce, Turkey
| | - Pınar Ağyar Yoldaş
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Applied and Research Center, Duzce University, Duzce, Turkey
| | - Nurcan Kılıç Baygutalp
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - A M Abd El-Aty
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
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5
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Rüttger F, Stalke D, John M. Resonance and structural assignment in (car)borane clusters using 11B residual quadrupolar couplings. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023. [PMID: 38014978 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05054h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
A new NMR method for structural verification and 11B resonance assignment in (car)borane clusters is presented, based on the measurement of 11B residual quadrupolar couplings (RQCs) in a stretched polystyrene (PS) gel. The method was applied to ortho-carborane (B10C2H12), a derivative thereof with reduced symmetry, meta-carborane and decaborane (B10H14).
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Rüttger
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Dietmar Stalke
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Michael John
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Germany.
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Ki Au Y, Ma Q, Zhang J, Xie Z. Ir-Catalyzed B(3)-Amination of o-Carboranes with Amines via Acceptorless Dehydrogenative BH/NH Cross-Coupling. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202300611. [PMID: 37694997 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
An efficient and convenient strategy for Ir-catalyzed selective B(3)-amination of o-carboranes with amines via acceptorless BH/NH dehydrocoupling was developed, affording a series of B(3)-aminated-o-carboranes in moderate to high isolated yields with H2 gas as a sole by-product. Such an oxidant-free system endues the protocol sustainability, atom-economy and environmental friendliness. A reaction mechanism via an Ir(I)-Ir(III)-Ir(I) catalytic cycle involving oxidative addition, dehydrogenation and reductive elimination was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yik Ki Au
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Qiangqiang Ma
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, P.R. China
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R.China
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7
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Pazderová L, Tüzün EZ, Bavol D, Litecká M, Fojt L, Grűner B. Chemistry of Carbon-Substituted Derivatives of Cobalt Bis(dicarbollide)(1 -) Ion and Recent Progress in Boron Substitution. Molecules 2023; 28:6971. [PMID: 37836814 PMCID: PMC10574808 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The cobalt bis(dicarbollide)(1-) anion (1-), [(1,2-C2B9H11)2-3,3'-Co(III)](1-), plays an increasingly important role in material science and medicine due to its high chemical stability, 3D shape, aromaticity, diamagnetic character, ability to penetrate cells, and low cytotoxicity. A key factor enabling the incorporation of this ion into larger organic molecules, biomolecules, and materials, as well as its capacity for "tuning" interactions with therapeutic targets, is the availability of synthetic routes that enable easy modifications with a wide selection of functional groups. Regarding the modification of the dicarbollide cage, syntheses leading to substitutions on boron atoms are better established. These methods primarily involve ring cleavage of the ether rings in species containing an oxonium oxygen atom connected to the B(8) site. These pathways are accessible with a broad range of nucleophiles. In contrast, the chemistry on carbon vertices has remained less elaborated over the previous decades due to a lack of reliable methods that permit direct and straightforward cage modifications. In this review, we present a survey of methods based on metalation reactions on the acidic C-H vertices, followed by reactions with electrophiles, which have gained importance in only the last decade. These methods now represent the primary trends in the modifications of cage carbon atoms. We discuss the scope of currently available approaches, along with the stereochemistry of reactions, chirality of some products, available types of functional groups, and their applications in designing unconventional drugs. This content is complemented with a report of the progress in physicochemical and biological studies on the parent cobalt bis(dicarbollide) ion and also includes an overview of recent syntheses and emerging applications of boron-substituted compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Pazderová
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 250 68 Řež, Czech Republic; (L.P.); (E.Z.T.); (D.B.); (M.L.)
| | - Ece Zeynep Tüzün
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 250 68 Řež, Czech Republic; (L.P.); (E.Z.T.); (D.B.); (M.L.)
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030/8, 128 43 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dmytro Bavol
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 250 68 Řež, Czech Republic; (L.P.); (E.Z.T.); (D.B.); (M.L.)
| | - Miroslava Litecká
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 250 68 Řež, Czech Republic; (L.P.); (E.Z.T.); (D.B.); (M.L.)
| | - Lukáš Fojt
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Královopolská 135, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Bohumír Grűner
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 250 68 Řež, Czech Republic; (L.P.); (E.Z.T.); (D.B.); (M.L.)
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8
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Zhang X, Lin Y, Hosmane NS, Zhu Y. Nanostructured boron agents for boron neutron capture therapy: a review of recent patents. MEDICAL REVIEW (2021) 2023; 3:425-443. [PMID: 38283251 PMCID: PMC10811353 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2023-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a potential radiation therapy modality for cancer, and tumor-targeted stable boron-10 (10B) delivery agents are an important component of BNCT. Currently, two low-molecular-weight boron-containing compounds, sodium mercaptoundecahydro-closo-dodecaborate (BSH) and boronophenylalanine (BPA), are mainly used in BNCT. Although both have suboptimal tumor selectivity, they have shown some therapeutic benefit in patients with high-grade glioma and several other tumors. To improve the efficacy of BNCT, great efforts have been devoted for the development of new boron delivery agents with better uptake and favorable pharmacokinetic profiles. This article reviews the application and research progress of boron nanomaterials as boron carriers in boron neutron capture therapy and hopes to stimulate people's interest in nanomaterial-based delivery agents by summarizing various kinds of boron nanomaterial patents disclosed in the past decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyin Zhang
- Shenzhen HEC Industrial Development Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yusheng Lin
- Shenzhen HEC Industrial Development Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Narayan S. Hosmane
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
| | - Yinghuai Zhu
- Sunshine Lake Pharma Co. Ltd, Dongguan, Guangdong Province, China
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Nie Z, Cheng R, Qiu Z, Xie Z. Reaction of 4-Bpin-o-Carborane with Ketones: Sequential Carbon Vertex Alkylation and B-B Bond Activation. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202300598. [PMID: 37547963 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Diboron compounds are important reagents in a series of transition metal catalyzed or metal-free borylation reactions. We describe herein a unique reactivity of 4-Bpin-o-carborane with ketones under basic conditions, leading to sequential cage carbon alkylation, B-B bond activation and unexpected O-migration. The reaction was compatible with a good substrate scope including dialkyl or alkyl aryl ketones. The reaction mechanism is also proposed, involving cage CH deprotonation, nucleophilic attack of ketone, and O-migration along with B-B bond cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Nie
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ruofei Cheng
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zaozao Qiu
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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10
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Zhang QS, He L, Liu Q, Chen XY. Charge Transfer Complex-Enabled Synthesis of (Hetero)arylated m-Carboranes from m-Carborane Phosphonium Salts. Org Lett 2023; 25:5768-5773. [PMID: 37534925 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
A photoinduced charge transfer complex (CTC)-enabled photoreduction of carborane phosphonium salts for the cage carbon (hetero)arylation of carboranes was developed. It offers a convenient approach for introducing a wide range of aryl and heteroaryl groups, such as pyrroles, thiophenes, indoles, thianaphthenes, benzofurans, pyridines, and benzenes, into carboranes. This strategy offers operational simplicity, mild reaction conditions, and a broad substrate scope, making it highly advantageous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Shuang Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin He
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Liu
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Chen
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Binzhou Institute of Technology, Weiqiao-UCAS Science and Technology Park, Binzhou 256606, China
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Teixidor F, Núñez R, Viñas C. Towards the Application of Purely Inorganic Icosahedral Boron Clusters in Emerging Nanomedicine. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114449. [PMID: 37298925 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, drugs were obtained by extraction from medicinal plants, but more recently also by organic synthesis. Today, medicinal chemistry continues to focus on organic compounds and the majority of commercially available drugs are organic molecules, which can incorporate nitrogen, oxygen, and halogens, as well as carbon and hydrogen. Aromatic organic compounds that play important roles in biochemistry find numerous applications ranging from drug delivery to nanotechnology or biomarkers. We achieved a major accomplishment by demonstrating experimentally/theoretically that boranes, carboranes, as well as metallabis(dicarbollides), exhibit global 3D aromaticity. Based on the stability-aromaticity relationship, as well as on the progress made in the synthesis of derivatized clusters, we have opened up new applications of boron icosahedral clusters as key components in the field of novel healthcare materials. In this brief review, we present the results obtained at the Laboratory of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis (LMI) of the Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC) with icosahedral boron clusters. These 3D geometric shape clusters, the semi-metallic nature of boron and the presence of exo-cluster hydrogen atoms that can interact with biomolecules through non-covalent hydrogen and dihydrogen bonds, play a key role in endowing these compounds with unique properties in largely unexplored (bio)materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesc Teixidor
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Rosario Núñez
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Clara Viñas
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
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12
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Ma YN, Ren H, Wu Y, Li N, Chen F, Chen X. B(9)-OH- o-Carboranes: Synthesis, Mechanism, and Property Exploration. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:7331-7342. [PMID: 36962083 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we present a chemically robust and efficient synthesis route for B(9)-OH-o-carboranes by the oxidation of o-carboranes with commercially available 68% HNO3 under the assistance of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (HOTf) and hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP). The reaction is highly efficient with a wide scope of carboranes, and the selectivity of B(9)/B(8) is up to 98:2. The success of this transformation relies on the strong electrophilicity and oxidizability of HNO3, promoted through hydrogen bonds of the Brønsted acid HOTf and the solvent HFIP. Mechanism studies reveal that the oxidation of o-carborane involves an initial electrophilic attack of HNO3 to the hydrogen atom at the most electronegative B(9) of o-carborane. In this transformation, the hydrogen atom of the B-H bond is the nucleophilic site, which is different from the electrophilic substitution reaction, where the boron atom is the nucleophilic site. Therefore, this is an oxidation-reduction reaction of o-carborane under mild conditions in which N(V) → N(III) and H(-I) → H(I). The derivatization of 9-OH-o-carborane was further examined, and the carboranyl group was successfully introduced to an amino acid, polyethylene glycol, biotin, deoxyuridine, and saccharide. Undoubtedly, this approach provides a selective way for the rapid incorporation of carborane moieties into small molecules for application in boron neutron capture therapy, which requires the targeted delivery of boron-rich groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Na Ma
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Huazhan Ren
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Boron Chemistry and Advanced Energy Materials, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Yanxuan Wu
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Na Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Boron Chemistry and Advanced Energy Materials, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Feijing Chen
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Xuenian Chen
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Boron Chemistry and Advanced Energy Materials, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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13
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Ren H, Zhang P, Xu J, Ma W, Tu D, Lu CS, Yan H. Direct B-H Functionalization of Icosahedral Carboranes via Hydrogen Atom Transfer. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:7638-7647. [PMID: 36946888 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c01314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
The efficient and selective functionalization of icosahedral carboranes (C2B10H12) at the boron vertexes is a long-standing challenge owing to the presence of 10 inert B-H bonds in a similar chemical environment. Herein, we report a new reaction paradigm for direct B-H functionalization of icosahedral carboranes via B-H homolysis enabled by a nitrogen-centered radical-mediated hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) strategy. Both the HAT process of the carborane B-H bond and the resulting boron-centered carboranyl radical intermediate have been confirmed experimentally. The reaction occurs at the most electron-rich boron vertex with the lowest B-H bond dissociation energy (BDE). Using this strategy, diverse carborane derivatization, including thiolation, selenation, alkynylation, alkenylation, cyanation, and halogenation, have been achieved in satisfactory yields under a photoinitiated condition in a metal-free and redox-neutral fashion. Moreover, the synthetic utility of the current protocol was also demonstrated by both the scale-up reaction and the construction of carborane-based functional molecules. Therefore, this methodology opens a radical pathway to carborane functionalization, which is distinct from the B-H heterolytic mechanism in the traditional strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jingkai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenli Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Deshuang Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chang-Sheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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14
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Yadav S, Pawar R. The disposition of bridge hydrogen bond in the homopolar-diborane and its derivatives. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2023.114071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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15
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Lee K, Harper JL, Kim TH, Chan Noh H, Kim D, Ha-Yeon Cheong P, Lee PH. Regiodivergent metal-catalyzed B(4)- and C(1)-selenylation of o-carboranes. Chem Sci 2023; 14:643-649. [PMID: 36741533 PMCID: PMC9847680 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc05590b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Regiodivergent transition metal-catalyzed B(4)- and C(1)-selenylation reactions of o-carboranes have been demonstrated. Namely, Ru(ii)-catalysis selectively generated B(4)-selenylated o-carboranes from the reaction of o-carborane acids with arylselenyl bromides with the release of carbon dioxide. In contrast, Pd(ii) catalysis provided exclusively C(1)-selenylated o-carboranes from the decarboxylative reaction of o-carborane acids with diaryl diselenides. In contrast to previous milestones in this area, these reactions demonstrate broad substrate scope with excellent yields. Combination of these methods leads to the formation of B(4)-C(1)-diselenylated o-carboranes. DFT studies revealed the mechanism of the Ru-process, with initial selenylation of the carborane cluster discovered to be essential for an energetically reasonable decarboxylation. This results in selenylation on the B(4) position prior to the decarboxylation event at C(1). This contrasted with the Pd-process in which the ready decarboxylation at C(1) leads to selenylation at C(1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungsup Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National UniversityChuncheon 24341Republic of Korea
| | - Jordan L. Harper
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOregon 97331USA
| | - Tae Hyeon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National UniversityChuncheon 24341Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Chan Noh
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National UniversityChuncheon 24341Republic of Korea
| | - Dongwook Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)Daejeon 34141Republic of Korea,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS)Daejeon 34141Republic of Korea
| | | | - Phil Ho Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National UniversityChuncheon 24341Republic of Korea
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16
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Zhang H, Cheng R, Qiu Z, Xie Z. Iridium-catalyzed regioselective B(3,6)-dialkenylation or B(4)-alkenylation of o-carboranes via B-H activation and 1,2-carbon migration of alkynes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:740-743. [PMID: 36541286 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc05890a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
An efficient Ir-catalyzed cage boron alkenylation of 1-(2'-picolyl)-o-carboranes with diarylacetylenes has been developed, leading to a wide variety of B-H geminal addition products via 1,2-carbon migration of alkynes. The steric effect of cage carbon substituents has a great impact on the regioselectivity of such alkenylation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Zhang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.,Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Rd, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Ruofei Cheng
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Rd, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Zaozao Qiu
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Rd, Shanghai 200032, China. .,School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Rd, Shanghai 200032, China. .,Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T, Hong Kong, China.
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17
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Jia H, Qiu Z. Recent Advances in Transition Metal-Catalyzed B—H Bond Activation for Synthesis of o-Carborane Derivatives with B—Heteroatom Bond. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202211040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2023]
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18
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Treto‐Suárez MA, Zarate X, Schott E. Structure and Electronic Properties of Metalloboranes with General Formula Cp*
3
(μ‐H)M
3
B
8
H
8
(M=Cr, Mo and W): The Effect of the Size of the Metal. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel A. Treto‐Suárez
- Instituto de Ciencias Químicas Aplicadas, Departamento de Física y Química, Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad Autónoma de Chile Av. Alemania 01090 4810101 – Temuco Chile
| | - Ximena Zarate
- Instituto de Ciencias Químicas Aplicadas, Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad Autónoma de Chile, postCode/> <8900000> Santiago Chile
| | - Eduardo Schott
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Centro de Energía UC, Centro de Investigación en Nanotecnología y Materiales Avanzados CIEN-UC Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 4860 Santiago Chile
- ANID-Millennium Science Initiative Program-Millennium Nuclei on Catalytic Process Towards Sustainable Chemistry (CSC) 7820436 Santiago Chile
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19
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Li S, Zhang J, Xie Z. Visible-Light-Induced Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Iodocarboranes with (Hetero)Arenes. Org Lett 2022; 24:7497-7501. [PMID: 36201284 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This work describes a general method for the efficient production of a class of cage B-centered carboranyl radicals at the B3, B4, and B9 sites via a visible-light-promoted palladium(0)/palladium(I) pathway using readily available iodo-o-carboranes as the starting materials. The electrophilicities of these hypervalent boron-centered radicals decrease in the following order: B3 > B4 > B9. They are useful intermediates for the preparation of a family of cage B-(hetero)arylated o-carboranes at ambient temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimeng Li
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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20
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Zhang LB, Xie Z. Iridium-Catalyzed Selective B(4)-H Amination of o-Carboranes with Anthranils. Org Lett 2022; 24:7077-7081. [PMID: 36148973 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report here a catalytic selective cage B4-H amination of o-carboranes employing an Ir(III) complex as a catalyst and anthranils as aminating agents, leading to a large class of B4-aminated o-carboranes with very high yields and a broad substrate scope under mild conditions without any oxidants. In these reactions, the carboxyl group serves as a traceless directing unit to determine the site selectivity and degree of substitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Bao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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21
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Chen M, Xu J, Zhao D, Sun F, Tian S, Tu D, Lu C, Yan H. Site-Selective Functionalization of Carboranes at the Electron-Rich Boron Vertex: Photocatalytic B-C Coupling via a Carboranyl Cage Radical. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205672. [PMID: 35670361 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Functionalization of carboranes in a vertex-specific manner is a perennial challenge. Here, we report a photocatalytic B-C coupling for the selective functionalization of carboranes at the boron site which is most distal to carbon. This reaction was achieved by the photo-induced decarboxylation of carborane carboxylic acids to generate boron vertex-centered carboranyl radicals. Theoretical calculations also demonstrate that the reaction more easily occurs at the boron site bearing higher electron density owing to the lower energy barrier for a single-electron transfer to generate a carboranyl radical. By using this strategy, a number of functionalized carboranes could be accessed through alkylation, alkenylation, and heteroarylation under mild conditions. Moreover, both a highly efficient blue emitter with a solid-state luminous efficiency of 42 % and a drug candidate for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) containing targeting and fluorine units were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jingkai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Deshi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Fangxiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Songlin Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Deshuang Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Changsheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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22
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Chen Z, Liu J, Liu J, Bao P, He H, Xia H, Zhang W. Unraveling origin of chemoselectivity and regioselectivity of iridium‐catalyzed B(4)–H functionalization of
o
‐carborane by alkyne. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.4430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zitong Chen
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Jiying Liu
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Jiabin Liu
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Panpan Bao
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Hailing He
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Hui Xia
- Zhengzhou Institute of Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources CAGS Zhengzhou China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
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23
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Zhang J, Xie Z. N-Ligand-Enabled Aromatic Nucleophilic Amination of 1,2-Diaryl-o-Carboranes with (R 2 N) 2 Mg for Selective Synthesis of 4-R 2 N-o-Carboranes and 2-R 2 N-m-Carboranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202675. [PMID: 35579912 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The nucleophilic aromatic BH substitution reaction of carboranes is uncommon, compared to the electrophilic one. This work reported a pyridine-enabled transition-metal-free regioselective nucleophilic aromatic cage B(4)-H amination of 1,2-diaryl-o-carboranes with magnesium bisamides, giving a series of B(4)-aminated o-carboranes. DFT calculations showcased a stepwise B-N formation/B-H cleavage process, in which Mg-H formation/cage closure is the rate-determining step. Unprecedentedly, in the presence of 4,4'-di-tert-butyl-2,2'-dipyridyl (dtbpy), a tandem B(4)-amination/cage isomerization reaction of o-carboranes was discovered for the facile preparation of B(2)-aminated m-carboranes. Control experiments indicated that magnesium complex, bidentate ligand (dtbpy) and reaction temperature were crucial in the cage isomerization process. This direct nucleophilic aromatic cage B-H amination reaction offers an alternative strategy for selective amination of o- and m-carboranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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24
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Lyu H, Xie Z. Transition metal catalyzed selective B(3)-H or B(4)-H amination of o-carboranes via dehydrogenative BH/NH cross-coupling. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:8392-8395. [PMID: 35792563 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02852b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A unique approach to vertex-selective catalytic B-H amination at either the B(3)- or B(4)-position in o-carboranes has been developed. Using different transition metal catalysts, dehydrogenative BH/NH cross-coupling of o-carboranes and free amines has been achieved, leading to a wide variety of cage B(3)- or B(4)-aminated o-carboranes in moderate to high yields with excellent regioselectivity, where carboranyl carboxylic acids and amines can serve as competent coupling partners without any pre-functionalization. The isolation and structural identification of a key intermediate provide an insight into the reaction mechanism in the catalytic B(4)-H amination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairong Lyu
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, China.
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, China.
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25
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Dezhenkova LG, Druzina AA, Volodina YL, Dudarova NV, Nekrasova NA, Zhidkova OB, Grin MA, Bregadze VI. Synthesis of Cobalt Bis(Dicarbollide)—Curcumin Conjugates for Potential Use in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144658. [PMID: 35889538 PMCID: PMC9324984 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of novel cobalt bis(dicarbollide)—curcumin conjugates were synthesized. Two conjugates were obtained through the nucleophilic ring-opening reaction of the 1,4-dioxane and tetrahydropyran derivatives of cobalt bis(dicarbollide) with the OH group of curcumin, and using two equiv. of the oxonium derivatives, two other conjugates containing two cobalt bis(dicarbollide) units per molecule were obtained. In contrast to curcumin, the conjugates obtained were found to be non-cytotoxic against both tumor and normal cell lines. The analysis of the intracellular accumulation of the conjugates by flow cytometry showed that all cobalt bis(dicarbollide)—curcumin conjugates entered HCT116 colorectal carcinoma cells in a time-dependent manner. New non-cytotoxic conjugates contain a large amount of boron atoms in the biomolecule and can potentially be used for further biological research into boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyubov G. Dezhenkova
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, 11 B. Pirogovskaya Street, 119021 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Anna A. Druzina
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (N.V.D.); (N.A.N.); (O.B.Z.); (V.I.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-926-404-5566
| | - Yulia L. Volodina
- Blokhin Cancer Center, 24 Kashirskoye Shosse, 115478 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Nadezhda V. Dudarova
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (N.V.D.); (N.A.N.); (O.B.Z.); (V.I.B.)
| | - Natalia A. Nekrasova
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (N.V.D.); (N.A.N.); (O.B.Z.); (V.I.B.)
- M.V. Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technology, MIREA—Russian Technological University, 86 Vernadsky Av., 119571 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Olga B. Zhidkova
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (N.V.D.); (N.A.N.); (O.B.Z.); (V.I.B.)
| | - Mikhail A. Grin
- M.V. Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technology, MIREA—Russian Technological University, 86 Vernadsky Av., 119571 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Vladimir I. Bregadze
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (N.V.D.); (N.A.N.); (O.B.Z.); (V.I.B.)
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26
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Zhou P, Chen Y, Xie Z. Iron-Catalyzed Selective B–H Activation for 4/5-fold Methylation and Arylation of Carboranes. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong, China
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27
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Zhang J, Xie Z. N‐Ligand‐Enabled Aromatic Nucleophilic Amination of 1,2‐Diaryl‐
o
‐Carboranes with (R
2
N)
2
Mg for Selective Synthesis of 4‐R
2
N‐
o
‐Carboranes and 2‐R
2
N‐
m
‐Carboranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong China
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong China
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28
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Chen M, Xu J, Zhao D, Sun F, Tian S, Tu D, Lu C, Yan H. Site‐Selective Functionalization of Carboranes at Electron‐Rich Boron Vertex: Photocatalytic B‐C Coupling via a Carboranyl Cage Radical. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Chen
- Nanjing University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Jingkai Xu
- Nanjing University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Deshi Zhao
- Nanjing University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Fangxiang Sun
- Nanjing University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Songlin Tian
- Nanjing University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Deshuang Tu
- Nanjing University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Changsheng Lu
- Nanjing University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Hong Yan
- Nanjing University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 22 Hankou Rd. 210093 Nanjing CHINA
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29
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Maeng C, Ko GH, Yang H, Han SH, Han GU, Chan Noh H, Lee K, Kim D, Lee PH. Synthesis of o-Carborane-Fused Pyrazoles through Sequential C-N Bond Formation. Org Lett 2022; 24:3526-3531. [PMID: 35533400 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Transition-metal-free synthetic method for o-carborane-fused pyrazoles as a new scaffold has been developed from the reaction of B(4)-acylmethyl or B(3,5)-diacylmethyl o-carborane with 2-azido-1,3-dimethylimidazolinium hexafluorophosphate (ADMP) in the presence of DBU in acetonitrile through sequential diazotization and cyclization reaction in one pot, consequently allowing twofold C-N bond formation under extremely mild conditions and high functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanyoung Maeng
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi Hoon Ko
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Heejin Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Han
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi Uk Han
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Chan Noh
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungsup Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongwook Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Phil Ho Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
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30
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Druzina AA, Dudarova NV, Zhidkova OB, Razumov IA, Solovieva OI, Kanygin VV, Bregadze VI. Synthesis and cytotoxicity of novel cholesterol–cobalt bis(dicarbollide) conjugates. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2022.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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31
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Li S, Xie Z. Visible-Light-Promoted Nickel-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Iodocarboranes with (Hetero)Arenes via Boron-Centered Carboranyl Radicals. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:7960-7965. [PMID: 35451827 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A general strategy for the generation of hypervalent boron-centered carboranyl radicals at the B(3), B(4), and B(9) positions has been developed for the first time via visible-light-promoted iodine atom abstraction from iodo-o-carboranes by low-valent nickel complex. These radicals react with various (hetero)arenes to afford a wide range of cage B-arylated carborane derivatives at room temperature in very good to excellent yields with a broad substrate scope. Their electrophilicities are dependent on the vertex charges of the cage and follow the order B(3) > B(4) > B(9). Both visible light and nickel catalyst are proved critical to the generation of boron-centered carboranyl radicals. The involvement of boron radicals is supported by control experiments. A reaction mechanism associated with these reactions is also proposed. This strategy offers a new protocol for the generation of boron-centered carboranyl radicals at the selected boron vertex, leading to a facile synthesis of a large class of cage boron substituted carborane molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimeng Li
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong 999077, China
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Jalilian AR, Shahi A, Swainson IP, Nakamura H, Venkatesh M, Osso JA. Potential Theranostic Boron Neutron Capture Therapy Agents as Multimodal Radiopharmaceuticals. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2022; 37:342-354. [DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2021.0276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amir R. Jalilian
- Nuclear Sciences and Applications Department, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Arman Shahi
- Faculty of Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Ian P. Swainson
- Nuclear Sciences and Applications Department, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hiroyuki Nakamura
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Meera Venkatesh
- Nuclear Sciences and Applications Department, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Joao A. Osso
- Nuclear Sciences and Applications Department, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
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Abstract
Carborynes (1,2-dehydro-o-carborane and 1,3-dehydro-o-carborane), three-dimensional analogues of benzyne, can be generated in situ from the precursors 1-X-2-Li-1,2-C2B10H10 (X = Br, I, OTs, OTf), or 1-Me3Si-2-[IPh(OAc)]-1,2-C2B10H10 or [1-Li-3-N2-1,2-C2B10H10][BF4]. They are a class of very useful synthons for the synthesis of a large variety of functionalized carborane derivatives for potential application in medicine, materials science and organometallic/coordination chemistry. The experimental data demonstrate that there is a correspondence between the reactions of carborynes and those of benzyne with alkenes, dienes, alkynes, aromatics or heteroaromatics in a pericyclic reaction fashion. On the other hand, carborynes have unique properties of their own owing to their steric/electronic features. They undergo regioselective sp2/sp3 C-H bond and N-Li bond insertion reactions, which has not been observed for benzyne. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in this interesting research field with considerable attention devoted to the reaction modes and the mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaozao Qiu
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Rd, Shanghai 200032, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Energy Regulation Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Rd, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Rd, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T, Hong Kong, China.
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Messner K, Vuong B, Tranmer GK. The Boron Advantage: The Evolution and Diversification of Boron’s Applications in Medicinal Chemistry. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15030264. [PMID: 35337063 PMCID: PMC8948683 DOI: 10.3390/ph15030264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, the history of boron’s early use in drugs, and the history of the use of boron functional groups in medicinal chemistry applications are discussed. This includes diazaborines, boronic acids, benzoxaboroles, boron clusters, and carboranes. Furthermore, critical developments from these functional groups are highlighted along with recent developments, which exemplify potential prospects. Lastly, the application of boron in the form of a prodrug, softdrug, and as a nanocarrier are discussed to showcase boron’s emergence into new and exciting fields. Overall, we emphasize the evolution of organoboron therapeutic agents as privileged structures in medicinal chemistry and outline the impact that boron has had on drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Messner
- Rady Faculty of Health Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada; (K.M.); (B.V.)
| | - Billy Vuong
- Rady Faculty of Health Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada; (K.M.); (B.V.)
| | - Geoffrey K. Tranmer
- Rady Faculty of Health Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada; (K.M.); (B.V.)
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada
- Correspondence:
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35
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Ko GH, Um K, Noh HC, Kim JY, Jeong H, Maeng C, Han SH, Han GU, Lee PH. Iridium(III)-Catalyzed B(4)-Acylmethylation and B(3,5)-Diacylmethylation from o-Carboranes and Sulfoxonium Ylides. Org Lett 2022; 24:1604-1609. [PMID: 35175779 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
An iridium(III)-catalyzed regioselective acylmethylation of the cage B(4)-H bond in o-carborane acids with sulfoxonium ylides is demonstrated through B(4)-H activation in ethanol under very mild conditions, affording a number of B(4)-acylmethylated o-carboranes. Additionally, the selective sequential B(4)- and B(6)-acylmethylation reactions finally gave B(3,5)-diacylmethylated o-carboranes in one pot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi Hoon Ko
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyusik Um
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea.,KIIT (Kangwon Institute of Inclusive Technology), Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Chan Noh
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Haneal Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanyoung Maeng
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Han
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi Uk Han
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Phil Ho Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea.,KIIT (Kangwon Institute of Inclusive Technology), Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
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36
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Zhang LB, Xie Z. Iridium-Catalyzed Selective B(4)–H Acylmethylation of o-Carboranes with Sulfoxonium Ylides. Org Lett 2022; 24:1318-1322. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c04335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Bao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, China
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, China
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37
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Ueda H, Suzuki M, Sakurai Y, Tanaka T, Aoki S. Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Boron‐Containing Macrocyclic Polyamine Dimers and Their Zinc(II) Complexes for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Ueda
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tokyo University of Science 2641 Yamazaki, Noda Chiba 278-8510 Japan
| | - Minoru Suzuki
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science Kyoto University 2-Asashiro-nishi, Kumatori Osaka 590-0494 Japan
| | - Yoshinori Sakurai
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science Kyoto University 2-Asashiro-nishi, Kumatori Osaka 590-0494 Japan
| | - Tomohiro Tanaka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tokyo University of Science 2641 Yamazaki, Noda Chiba 278-8510 Japan
| | - Shin Aoki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tokyo University of Science 2641 Yamazaki, Noda Chiba 278-8510 Japan
- Research Institute for Science and Technology Tokyo University of Science 2641 Yamazaki, Noda Chiba 278-8510 Japan
- Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences Tokyo University of Science 2641 Yamazaki, Noda Chiba 278-8510 Japan
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38
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Zhang J, Xie Z. Advances in transition metal catalyzed selective B H functionalization of o-carboranes. ADVANCES IN CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.acat.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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39
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Gündüz MK, Bolat M, Kaymak G, Berikten D, Köse DA. Therapeutic Effects of Newly Synthesized Boron Compounds (BGM and BGD) on Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:134-146. [PMID: 33634364 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02647-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Boron has an important potential for facilitating biological activity and for use in pharmaceutical drug design. Boron glycine monoester (BGM) and boron glycine diester (BGD) compounds containing boron atoms were synthesized and investigated their cytotoxic, oxidative stress, and antimicrobial activities on the HepG2 cancer cell line. The cytotoxic activity of newly synthesized boron compounds on hepatocellular carcinoma was determined by the MTT method for 48 h. Antioxidant (CAT, GSH), lipid peroxidation (MDA), and enzyme activity (ACP, ALP) analyses were determined by spectrophotometric methods in HepG2 cells. Antimicrobial activity was determined by the disk diffusion method. After 48 h of BGM and BGD application to HepG2 cells, we found the IC50 values as 9.9 mM and 24 mM, respectively. While CAT and ACP enzyme activities decreased in all groups compared to the control, ALP enzyme activity did not change in the BGM group but increased in the BGD group. It was determined that the GSH level did not change in all groups, while the MDA level increased. It has been stated that these IC50 doses of BGM and BGD have antibacterial effects on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. Newly synthesized boron compounds, particularly BGM, with their cytotoxic, oxidative stress, and antimicrobial effects, could provide a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Melda Bolat
- Department of Property Protection and Safety, Technical Sciences Vocational School, Hitit University, Çorum, Turkey
| | - Güllü Kaymak
- Simav Vocational School of Health Services, Kütahya Health Sciences University, Kütahya, Turkey
| | - Derya Berikten
- Training and Research Center, Kütahya Health Sciences University, Kütahya, Turkey
| | - Dursun Ali Köse
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Hitit University, Çorum, Turkey
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40
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Ge Y, Qiu Z, Xie Z. Pd-Catalyzed One-Pot Synthesis of Difunctionalized o-Carboranes via Construction of B—C and B—Heteroatom Bonds ※. ACTA CHIMICA SINICA 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/a21120597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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41
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Liu J, Fu D, Chen Z, Li T, Qu LB, Li SJ, Zhang W, Lan Y. Regioselectivity of Pd-catalyzed o-carborane arylation: a theoretical view. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00046f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
B(3)-Arylation is unfavorable because the steric repulsion between the substituent group on C(2) and the metal moiety would lead to significant distortion of o-carborane and would result in a higher activation energy for reductive elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiying Liu
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Dongmin Fu
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Zitong Chen
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Tiantian Li
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Ling-Bo Qu
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Shi-Jun Li
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yu Lan
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
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42
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Cheng B, Chen Y, Zhou P, Xie Z. Rhodium-catalyzed sequential B(3)-, B(4)-, and B(5)-trifunctionalization of o-carboranes with three different substituents. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 58:629-632. [PMID: 34913450 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05936j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A rhodium-catalyzed one-pot trifunctionalization of o-carboranes with three different substituents via a carboxy group directed sequential B(5)-alkenylation, B(4)-alkyne annulation and B(3)-acyloxylation has been developed for the first time, leading to the synthesis of a new class of B(3,4,5)-trisubstituted o-carborane derivatives. Treatment of 1-COOH-2-CH3-o-C2B10H10 with ArCCAr in the presence of a [Cp*RhCl2]2 catalyst and a Cu(OPiv)2 oxidant gave 1,4-[COOC(Ar)C(Ar)]-2-Me-3-OPiv-5-[C(Ar)CH(Ar)-o-C2B10H7 in good to high yields. This protocol represents a new strategy for the catalytic selective polyfunctionalization of carboranes with different substituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China.
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China.
| | - Peng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China.
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China.
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43
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Cheng R, Zhang J, Zhang H, Qiu Z, Xie Z. Ir-catalyzed enantioselective B-H alkenylation for asymmetric synthesis of chiral-at-cage o‑carboranes. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7146. [PMID: 34880231 PMCID: PMC8654863 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27441-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The asymmetric synthesis of chiral-at-cage o-carboranes, whose chirality is associated with the substitution patterns on the polyhedron, is of great interest as the icosahedral carboranes have wide applications in medicinal and materials chemistry. Herein we report an intermolecular Ir-catalyzed enantioselective B-H alkenylation for efficient and facile synthesis of chiral-at-cage o-carboranes with new skeletons under mild reaction conditions. Generally very good to excellent yields with up to 99% ee can be achieved in this Ir-catalyzed B-H alkenylation. The enantiocontrol model is proposed based on Density Functional Theory calculations in which the use of chiral phosphoramidite ligand is essential for such asymmetric o-carborane B-H alkenylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruofei Cheng
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Rd, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huifang Zhang
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Rd, 200032, Shanghai, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, 453007, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Zaozao Qiu
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Rd, 200032, Shanghai, China. .,CAS Key Laboratory of Energy Regulation Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Rd, 200032, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Rd, 200032, Shanghai, China. .,Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
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Palladium catalyzed selective amination of B(7)-H for synthesis of o-carborane fused isoquinolinones. J Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2021.122069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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45
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Abstract
Carboranes are a class of polyhedral carbon-boron molecular clusters featuring three-dimensional aromaticity, which are often considered as 3D analogues of benzene. Their unique structural and electronic properties make them invaluable building blocks for applications ranging from functional materials to versatile ligands to pharmaceuticals. Thus, selective functionalization of carboranes has received tremendous research interest. In earlier days, the vast majority of the works in this area were focused on cage carbon functionalization via facile deprotonation of cage CH, followed by reaction with electrophiles. On the contrary, cage B-H activation is very challenging since the 10 B-H bonds on o-carborane are very similar, and how to achieve the desired transformation at specific boron vertex is a long-standing issue.As carbon is considered more electronegative than boron, this property results in different vertex charges on the o-carborane cage, which follow the order B(3,6)-H ≪ B(4,5,7,11)-H < B(8,10)-H < B(9,12)-H. We thought that this difference may trigger the favorite interaction of a proper transition metal complex with a specific B-H bond of carborane, which could be utilized to solve the selectivity issue. Accordingly, our strategy is described as follows: (1) electron-rich transition metal catalysts are good for the activation of the most electron-deficient B(3,6)-H bonds (connected to both cage C-H vertices); (2) electron-deficient transition metal catalysts are good for the activation of the relatively electron-rich B(8,9,10,12)-H bonds (with no bonding to either cage C-H vertices); and (3) directing-group-assisted transition metal catalysis is appropriate for the activation of the B(4,5,7,11)-H bonds (connected to only one cage C-H vertex), whose vertex charges lie in the middle of the range for the 10 B-H bonds. This strategy has been successfully applied by our laboratory and other groups in the development of a series of synthetic routes for catalytic selective activation of B-H bonds of the carborane cage, resulting in the synthesis of a large number of cage-boron-functionalized carborane derivatives in a regioselective and catalytic fashion. Subsequently, significant progress in this emerging area has been made.In 2013 we reported the selective tetrafluorination of o-carboranes at the B(8,9,10,12)-H bonds using an electron-deficient Pd(II) salt, [Pd(MeCN)4][BF4], as the catalyst. In 2014 we disclosed the first example of carboxy-directed alkenylation of o-carboranes at the B(4) vertex promoted by an Ir(III) catalyst. Subsequently, in 2017 we presented an electron-rich Ir(I)-catalyzed diborylation of o-carboranes at the B(3,6)-H bonds. We also uncovered the first example of Pd-catalyzed asymmetric synthesis of chiral-at-cage o-carboranes in 2018. These proof-of-principle studies have greatly stimulated research activities in selective B-H activation of carboranes and boron clusters enabled by transition metal catalysts. We have so far developed a toolbox of synthetic methods for selective catalytic cage B-olefination, -arylation, -alkenylation, -alkynylation, -oxygenation, -sulfenylation, -borylation, -halogenation, and -amination. We have recently expanded our research to base metal catalysis. As the field progresses, we expect that other methods for regioselective cage B-H activation will be invented, and the results detailed in this Account will promote these efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaozao Qiu
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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Cao K, Wu J, Zhang C, Ding L, Yang J. Iridium Catalyzed Selective Arylation of B(3)‐H Bond of
o
‐Carborane via B−H/C−H Activation. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials & School of Material Science and Engineering Southwest University of Science and Technology 59 Qinglong Road, Mianyang Sichuan P. R. China
| | - Ji Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials & School of Material Science and Engineering Southwest University of Science and Technology 59 Qinglong Road, Mianyang Sichuan P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong Sichuan P. R. China
| | - Cai‐Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials & School of Material Science and Engineering Southwest University of Science and Technology 59 Qinglong Road, Mianyang Sichuan P. R. China
| | - Li‐Fang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials & School of Material Science and Engineering Southwest University of Science and Technology 59 Qinglong Road, Mianyang Sichuan P. R. China
| | - Junxiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials & School of Material Science and Engineering Southwest University of Science and Technology 59 Qinglong Road, Mianyang Sichuan P. R. China
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Koldemir-Gündüz M, Aydin HE, Berikten D, Kaymak G, Köse DA, Arslantaş A. Synthesis of New Boron Derived Compounds; Anticancer, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Effect in Vitro Glioblastoma Tumor Model. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2021; 64:864-872. [PMID: 34571588 PMCID: PMC8590914 DOI: 10.3340/jkns.2021.0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of our study is to investigate the cytotoxic, antioxidant, and antimicrobial effects of newly synthesized boron compounds in U87MG glioblastoma cell treatment.
Methods We synthesized boron glycine monoester (BGM) and boron glycine diester (BGD) structures containing boron atoms and determined their cytotoxic activities on glioblastoma by the MTT method. The inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) value was calculated with GraphPad Prism 5.0 program. The IC50 values were administered 48 hours on U87MG glioblastoma cell. Catalase (CAT), acid phosphatase (ACP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme activity, malondialdehyde (MDA), total glutathione (GSH), and total protein levels were detected using spectrophotometric methods. We determined the antimicrobial activities of BGM and BGD with the disc diffusion method. Results After 48 hours of BGM and BGD application to U87MG glioblastoma cells, we found the IC50 value as 6.6 mM and 26 mM, respectively. CAT and ACP enzyme activities were decreased in BGM and BGD groups. MDA which is a metabolite of lipid peroxidation was increased in both boron compounds groups. GSH level was reduced especially in BGD group. BGM and BGD have been found to be antimicrobial effects.
Conclusion Boron compounds, especially the BGM, can provide a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of glioblastoma with their anticancer, antioxidant, and antimicrobial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hasan Emre Aydin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kutahya Health Sciences University, Kütahya, Turkey
| | - Derya Berikten
- Training and Research Center, Kutahya Health Sciences University, Kütahya, Turkey
| | - Güllü Kaymak
- Training and Research Center, Kutahya Health Sciences University, Kütahya, Turkey
| | | | - Ali Arslantaş
- Department of Neurosurgery, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
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Cheng B, Chen Y, Xie Z. Iridium-Catalyzed Annulation of o-Carboranyl Carboxylic Acids with Alkynes: Synthesis of Carborano-Isocoumarins. J Org Chem 2021; 86:12412-12418. [PMID: 34365793 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
An efficient iridium-catalyzed formal [4+2] annulation of carboranyl carboxylic acids with alkynes is developed, resulting in the facile synthesis of a new class of carborano-isocoumarin derivatives. The carboxyl group not only serves as a directing group to control the regioselectivity but also ingeniously becomes a part of the final products. The reaction mechanism involves sequential carboxyl-directed B(4)-H metalation, alkyne insertion, and reductive elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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Shakerzadeh E. Endohedral M@B
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(M = Na and Ca) metalloborospherenes as innovative potential carriers for chemotherapy melphalan drug: A theoretical study. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Shakerzadeh
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz Ahvaz Iran
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Ge Y, Qiu Z, Xie Z. Pd-catalyzed selective tetrafunctionalization of diiodo- o-carboranes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:8071-8074. [PMID: 34296721 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03449a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed highly selective tetrafunctionalization of 3,6-I2-o-carborane and 4,7-I2-o-carborane has been developed, leading to the preparation of 3,6-dialkenyl-4,11-R2-o-carboranes and 4,7-dialkenyl-5,11-R2-o-carboranes (R = alkyl, allyl and aryl) in moderate to excellent yields. This represents a new strategy for selective synthesis of polyfunctionalized o-carborane derivatives via a one-pot process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiu Ge
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Rd, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Zaozao Qiu
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Rd, Shanghai 200032, China. and CAS Key Laboratory of Energy Regulation Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Rd, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Rd, Shanghai 200032, China. and Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong, China
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