1
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Huang Y, Xie C, Yang T, Zhao G, Jia B, Cheng P. Boosting the sensitivity of single photon ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry using a segmented focus quadrupole-ion guide. Talanta 2024; 277:126327. [PMID: 38805944 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Single photon ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SPI-TOF-MS) is a powerful analytical technique for real-time detection of trace VOCs. However, efficient ion transmission within the ionization chamber has always been a challenging issue in SPI-TOF-MS. In this study, a novel ion guide termed the Segmented Focus Quadrupole Ion Guide (SFQ-IG) was introduced for SPI-TOF-MS. The SFQ-IG device consists of 12 printed circuit boards (PCB), each containing four quarter-ring electrodes with inner diameters progressively decreasing from 26 to 4 mm. The simulation results demonstrated that SFQ-IG exhibited superior ion transmission efficiency than both ion funnel (IF) field and direct current-only (DC-only) field. By integrating into a SPI-TOF-MS, this ion guide was optimized in terms of the ionization source pressure, direct current gradient, and radio frequency amplitude. Further comparative experiments demonstrated that the SPI-TOF-MS with the SFQ-IG exhibited higher sensitivity than both the IF field (1.3-7.4 times) and DC-only field (3.5-8.8 times) for the test VOCs. The improvements in limit of detection (LOD) with the SFQ-IG ranged from 1.6 to 5.3 times compared to the DC-only field for the test VOCs. Fabricated using PCB technology, the SFQ-IG is characterized by its cost-effectiveness, compact size, and high transmission efficiency, facilitating its integration into other mass spectrometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliang Huang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Chunguang Xie
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Tong Yang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Gaosheng Zhao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Bin Jia
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Ping Cheng
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
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2
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Werner J, Grześkowiak T, Zgoła-Grześkowiak A, Frankowski R, Płatkiewicz J. Hybrid materials based on deep eutectic solvents for the preconcentration of formaldehyde by SPME in coffee beverages. Talanta 2024; 268:125309. [PMID: 37871466 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages. It can be prepared from green or roasted beans or from instant coffee. Unfortunately, in addition to the aroma obtained in the coffee roasting process, among others, formaldehyde can be produced. In this study, thin-film solid-phase microextraction was used to preconcentrate trace amounts of formaldehyde in different types of coffee with different roasting levels. For this purpose, 18 hybrid materials based on deep eutectic solvents were synthesized and tested as sorbents in thin-film solid-phase microextraction. The coffee samples were brewed, and then formaldehyde present in them was derivatized using the Nash reagent. The sample preparation procedure was optimized for selected DES-based sorbent using a central composite design method and validated. Formaldehyde was determined in almost all samples of second-crack coffee (roasted at 240 °C) at 0.17-0.75 ng mL-1 and in darker-colored instant coffees at 0.18-0.54 ng mL-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Werner
- Affiliation: Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Grześkowiak
- Affiliation: Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965, Poznan, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Zgoła-Grześkowiak
- Affiliation: Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965, Poznan, Poland
| | - Robert Frankowski
- Affiliation: Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965, Poznan, Poland
| | - Julia Płatkiewicz
- Affiliation: Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965, Poznan, Poland
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3
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Crucello J, Sampaio NM, Junior IM, Carvalho RM, Gionfriddo E, Marriott PJ, Hantao LW. Automated method using direct-immersion solid-phase microextraction and on-fiber derivatization coupled with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry for profiling naphthenic acids in produced water. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1692:463844. [PMID: 36758493 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.463844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Naphthenic acids (NAs) are naturally occurring organic acids in petroleum and are found in waste waters generated during oil production (produced water, PW). Profiling this class of compounds is important due to flow assurance during oil exploration. Compositional analysis of PW is also relevant for waste treatment to reduce negative impacts on the environment. Here, comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (GC×GC-HRMS) was applied as an ideal platform for qualitative analysis of NAs by combining the high peak capacity of the composite system with automated scripts for group-type identification based on accurate mass measurements and fragmentation patterns. To achieve high-throughput profiling of NAs in PW samples, direct-immersion solid phase microextraction (DI-SPME) was selected for extraction, derivatization and preconcentration. A fully automated DI-SPME method was developed to combine extraction, fiber rinsing and drying, and on-fiber derivatization with N-methyl-N‑tert-butyldimethylsilyltrifluoroacetamide (MTBSTFA). Data processing was based on filtering scripts using the Computer Language for Identifying Chemicals (CLIC). The method successfully identified up to 94 NAs comprising carbon numbers between 6 and 18 and hydrogen deficiency values ranging from 0 to -4. The proposed method demonstrated wider extraction coverage compared to traditional liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) - a critical factor for petroleomic investigations. The method developed also enabled quantitative analysis, exhibiting detection limits of 0.5 ng L-1 and relative standard deviation (RSD) at a concentration of NAs of 30 µg L-1 ranging from 4.5 to 25.0%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Crucello
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology in Bioanalytics (INCTBio), Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Naiara Mfm Sampaio
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology in Bioanalytics (INCTBio), Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Iris Medeiros Junior
- Leopoldo Américo Miguez de Mello Research and Development Center, Petrobras, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20031-912, Brazil
| | - Rogerio Mesquita Carvalho
- Leopoldo Américo Miguez de Mello Research and Development Center, Petrobras, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20031-912, Brazil
| | - Emanuela Gionfriddo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, United States; School of Green Chemistry and Engineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, United States; Dr. Nina McClelland Laboratory for Water Chemistry and Environmental Analysis, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, United States
| | - Philip J Marriott
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, School of Chemistry, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Leandro Wang Hantao
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology in Bioanalytics (INCTBio), Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil.
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4
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Abolghasemi MM, Piryaei M. Hexagonal Ordered Mesoporous Silica-Coated by Polypyrrole as a Coating for Inside Needle Capillary Adsorption Trap of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2020.1852282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marzieh Piryaei
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
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5
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Inoue N, Takaya M. Screening check test to confirm the relative reactivity and applicability of 2,4‐dinitrophenylhydrazine impregnated‐filters for formaldehyde on other compounds. J Occup Health 2022; 64:e12333. [PMID: 35462454 PMCID: PMC9176714 DOI: 10.1002/1348-9585.12333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Methods Results Conclusions
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Inoue
- Work Environment Research Group National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan (JNIOSH) Tama Kawasaki Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Takaya
- Work Environment Research Group National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan (JNIOSH) Tama Kawasaki Japan
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6
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Deep Eutectic Solvent-Based Coating Sorbent for Preconcentration of Formaldehyde by Thin-Film Solid-Phase Microextraction Technique. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10050828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A thin-film solid-phase microextraction method with a sorbent composed of a deep eutectic solvent was developed for the preconcentration of formaldehyde from river and lake water samples. Four new deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were synthesized, each in molar ratios 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3. Among prepared compounds, the greatest efficiency in the proposed method of preconcentration of formaldehyde derivatized with Nash reagent was demonstrated by DES-3 consisting of benzyldimethylhexadecylammonium chloride and lauric acid, in a molar ratio of 1:3. For the proposed method, the parameters affecting the extraction efficiency of formaldehyde were optimized (including the choice of DES-based sorbent and desorption solvent as well as the sample volume and pH, the salting-out effect, the extraction time, and the desorption time). Under optimal conditions, the proposed method achieved good precision between 3.3% (for single sorbent) and 4.8% (for sorbent-to-sorbent) as well as good recovery ranging from 78.0 to 99.1%. The limits of detection and quantitation were 0.15 ng mL−1 and 0.50 ng mL−1, respectively. The enrichment factor was equal to 178. The developed method was successfully applied to determine formaldehyde in environmental water samples.
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7
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Chen J, Li J, Chen X, Gu J, An T. The underappreciated role of monocarbonyl-dicarbonyl interconversion in secondary organic aerosol formation during photochemical oxidation of m-xylene. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 814:152575. [PMID: 34963606 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Photochemical oxidation (including photolysis and OH-initiated reactions) of aromatic hydrocarbon produces carbonyls, which are involved in the formation of secondary organic aerosols (SOA). However, the mechanism of this process remains incompletely understood. Herein, the monocarbonyl-dicarbonyl interconversion and its role in SOA production were investigated via a series of photochemical oxidation experiments for m-xylene and representative carbonyls. The results showed that SOA mass concentration peaked at 113.5 ± 3.5 μg m-3 after m-xylene oxidation for 60 min and then decreased. Change in the main oxidation products from dicarbonyl (e.g., glyoxal, methylglyoxal) to monocarbonyl (e.g., formaldehyde) was responsible for this decrease. The photolysis of methylglyoxal or glyoxal produced formaldehyde, favoring SOA formation, while photopolymerization of formaldehyde to glyoxal decreased SOA production. The presence of ·OH altered the balance of photolysis interconversion, resulting in greater production of formaldehyde and SOA from glyoxal than methylglyoxal. Both photolysis and OH-initiated transformations of glyoxal to formaldehyde were suppressed by methylglyoxal, while glyoxal accelerated the reaction of ·OH with methylglyoxal to generate products which reversibly converted to glyoxal and methylglyoxal. These interconversion reactions reduced SOA production. The present study provides a new research perspective for the contribution mechanism of carbonyls in SOA formation and the findings are also helpful to efficiently evaluate the atmospheric fate of aromatic hydrocarbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangyao Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Jiani Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jianwei Gu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Taicheng An
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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8
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Shen G, Ainiwaer S, Zhu Y, Zheng S, Hou W, Shen H, Chen Y, Wang X, Cheng H, Tao S. Quantifying source contributions for indoor CO 2 and gas pollutants based on the highly resolved sensor data. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 267:115493. [PMID: 33254594 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Household air pollution is the dominant contributor to population air pollutant exposure, but it is often of less concern compared with ambient air pollution. One of the major knowledge gaps in this field are detailed quantitative source contributions of indoor pollutants, especially for gaseous compounds. In this study, temporally, spatially, and vertically resolved monitoring for typical indoor gases including CO2, CO, formaldehyde, methane, and the total volatile organic compounds (VOCs) was conducted to address pollution dynamics and major sources in an urban apartment. The indoor concentrations were significantly higher than the simultaneously measured outdoor concentrations. A new statistic approach was proposed to quantitatively estimate contributions of different sources. It was estimated that outdoor CO2 contributed largely to the indoor CO2, while main indoor sources were human metabolism and cooking. Outdoor infiltration and cooking contributed almost equally to the indoor CO. The contribution of outdoor infiltration to methane was much higher than that to formaldehyde. Cooking contributed to 24%, 19%, and 25% of indoor formaldehyde, methane, and VOCs, whereas the other unresolved indoor sources contributed 61%, 19%, and 35% of these pollutants, respectively. Vertical measurements showed that the uplifting of hot air masses led to relatively high concentrations of the pollutants in the upper layer of the kitchen and in the other rooms to a lesser extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofeng Shen
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Subinuer Ainiwaer
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yaqi Zhu
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shuxiu Zheng
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Weiying Hou
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Huizhong Shen
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, 30332, USA
| | - Yilin Chen
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, 30332, USA
| | - Xilong Wang
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Hefa Cheng
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shu Tao
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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9
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Salim F, Górecki T. Theory and modelling approaches to passive sampling. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2019; 21:1618-1641. [PMID: 31528928 DOI: 10.1039/c9em00215d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Designs and applications of passive samplers for various environmental compartments have been broadened significantly since their introduction. Understanding the theory behind passive sampling is essential for proper development of sampling methods and for accurate interpretation of the results. Theoretical underpinnings of passive sampling have been explored using different approaches. The aim of this review is to describe passive sampling theory and modelling approaches presented in the literature in a manner that allows researchers to obtain comprehensive understanding of them and to recognize the assumptions behind each approach together with their applicability to a given passive sampling technique. A common approach originates from Whitman's two-film theory and produces an exponential model that describes the entire passive sampling process. This approach, however, is based on several assumptions including linear exchange kinetics between the sampled medium and the passive sampler. Two-phase air passive samplers with a well-defined barrier are commonly modeled based on the zero-sink assumption, which assumes efficient trapping of analytes in the receiving phase. This assumption may become invalid under various scenarios; consequently, other approaches to modelling have been introduced including simulation of the sampling process by approximate temporal-steady states in hypothetical segments in the adsorption phase. Another approach uses dynamic models to determine accumulation of analytes in passive samplers. Dynamic models are capable of describing mass accumulation in the passive sampler, its transient response, and its response to fluctuations in environmental concentrations. Finally, empirically calibrated models, attempting to simplify the process of passive sampling rate determination, are also presented. In general, dynamic models are used to establish a profound understanding of the sampling process and analyse the applicability of the simpler models and their assumptions, while the simplified models are desirable and practical for most users. Nonetheless, due to the advancement in the computational tools, application of the dynamic models could be made simple and user-friendly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faten Salim
- University of Waterloo, Department of Chemistry, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1.
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10
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Tursumbayeva M, Koziel JA, Maurer DL, Kenessov B, Rice S. Development of Time-Weighted Average Sampling of Odorous Volatile Organic Compounds in Air with Solid-Phase Microextraction Fiber Housed inside a GC Glass Liner: Proof of Concept. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24030406. [PMID: 30678060 PMCID: PMC6384608 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24030406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Finding farm-proven, robust sampling technologies for measurement of odorous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and evaluating the mitigation of nuisance emissions continues to be a challenge. The objective of this research was to develop a new method for quantification of odorous VOCs in air using time-weighted average (TWA) sampling. The main goal was to transform a fragile lab-based technology (i.e., solid-phase microextraction, SPME) into a rugged sampler that can be deployed for longer periods in remote locations. The developed method addresses the need to improve conventional TWA SPME that suffers from the influence of the metallic SPME needle on the sampling process. We eliminated exposure to metallic parts and replaced them with a glass tube to facilitate diffusion from odorous air onto an exposed SPME fiber. A standard gas chromatography (GC) liner recommended for SPME injections was adopted for this purpose. Acetic acid, a common odorous VOC, was selected as a model compound to prove the concept. GC with mass spectrometry (GC–MS) was used for air analysis. An SPME fiber exposed inside a glass liner followed the Fick’s law of diffusion model. There was a linear relationship between extraction time and mass extracted up to 12 h (R2 > 0.99) and the inverse of retraction depth (1/Z) (R2 > 0.99). The amount of VOC adsorbed via the TWA SPME using a GC glass liner to protect the SPME was reproducible. The limit of detection (LOD, signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) = 3) and limit of quantification (LOQ, S/N = 5) were 10 and 18 µg·m−3 (4.3 and 7.2 ppbV), respectively. There was no apparent difference relative to glass liner conditioning, offering a practical simplification for use in the field. The new method related well to field conditions when comparing it to the conventional method based on sorbent tubes. This research shows that an SPME fiber exposed inside a glass liner can be a promising, practical, simple approach for field applications to quantify odorous VOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madina Tursumbayeva
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
- Department of Meteorology and Hydrology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan.
| | - Jacek A Koziel
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
| | - Devin L Maurer
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
| | - Bulat Kenessov
- Center of Physical Chemical Methods of Research and Analysis, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan.
| | - Somchai Rice
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
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11
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Wilson AE, Sparks DL, Knott KK, Willard S, Brown A. Implementing solid phase microextraction (SPME) as a tool to detect volatile compounds produced by giant pandas in the environment. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208618. [PMID: 30566455 PMCID: PMC6300211 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical cues are thought to play an important role in mate identification in the solitary giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca). The goal of this study was to detect and identify volatile compounds present in the enclosure air of captive giant pandas. We hypothesized that a subset of compounds produced from breeding animals would be detected in environmental samples because highly volatile chemicals are likely to facilitate mate detection. Samples were collected from the enclosures of 8 giant pandas (n = 4 male, n = 4 female) during the Mar-June breeding season and the Aug-Jan non-breeding period from 2012-2015. Volatile compounds were captured by securing a solid phase micro extraction fiber approximately 3 meters above the ground within a panda enclosure for 6-12 hours. Compounds adsorbed onto the SPME fibers were analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Thirty-three compounds were detected in at least 10% of all samples within individual and season and across all subjects within each season. Aromatic compounds made up 27.3% of the enclosure volatile profile, while 21.2% was made of cyclic aliphatic compounds and 51.5% of the enclosure profile was comprised of acyclic aliphatic compounds. Three compounds were likely to be present in male enclosures regardless of season, while Undecane, 4-methyl had a significant (p<0.05) predicted probability of being present in female enclosures. 3,3'-(1,1-Ethanediyl)bis(1H-indole) had a significant (p<0.05) probability of occurrence in male enclosures during the breeding season. Given the prevalence of these compounds, we suspect that these chemicals are important in giant panda communication. This novel sampling technique can detect volatile compounds produced by captive species and also may be a useful tool for detecting pheromones in free-ranging individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbey E. Wilson
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology, and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, United States of America
- Department of Conservation and Research, Memphis Zoological Society, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Darrell L. Sparks
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology, and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, United States of America
- Mississippi State Chemical Laboratory, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Katrina K. Knott
- Aquatic Systems and Environmental Health Unit, Resource Science Division, Missouri Department of Conservation, Central Regional Office and Conservation Research Center, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Scott Willard
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology, and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Ashli Brown
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology, and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, United States of America
- Mississippi State Chemical Laboratory, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, United States of America
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12
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Kenessov B, Koziel JA, Baimatova N, Demyanenko OP, Derbissalin M. Optimization of Time-Weighted Average Air Sampling by Solid-Phase Microextraction Fibers Using Finite Element Analysis Software. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23112736. [PMID: 30360543 PMCID: PMC6278546 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Determination of time-weighted average (TWA) concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in air using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is advantageous over other sampling techniques, but is often characterized by insufficient accuracies, particularly at longer sampling times. Experimental investigation of this issue and disclosing the origin of the problem is problematic and often not practically feasible due to high uncertainties. This research is aimed at developing the model of the TWA extraction process and optimization of TWA air sampling by SPME using finite element analysis software (COMSOL Multiphysics, Burlington, MA, USA). It was established that sampling by porous SPME coatings with high affinity to analytes is affected by slow diffusion of analytes inside the coating, an increase of their concentrations in the air near the fiber tip due to equilibration, and eventual lower sampling rate. The increase of a fiber retraction depth (Z) resulted in better recoveries. Sampling of studied VOCs using 23 ga Carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (Car/PDMS) assembly at maximum possible Z (40 mm) was proven to provide more accurate results. Alternative sampling configuration based on 78.5 × 0.75 mm internal diameter SPME liner was proven to provide similar accuracy at improved detection limits. Its modification with the decreased internal diameter from the sampling side should provide even better recoveries. The results obtained can be used to develop a more accurate analytical method for determination of TWA concentrations of VOCs in air using SPME. The developed model can be used to simulate sampling of other environments (process gases, water) by retracted SPME fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bulat Kenessov
- Center of Physical Chemical Methods of Research and Analysis, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan.
| | - Jacek A Koziel
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
| | - Nassiba Baimatova
- Center of Physical Chemical Methods of Research and Analysis, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan.
| | - Olga P Demyanenko
- Center of Physical Chemical Methods of Research and Analysis, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan.
| | - Miras Derbissalin
- Center of Physical Chemical Methods of Research and Analysis, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan.
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Under glass weathering of hemp fibers reinforced polypropylene biocomposites: Impact of Volatile Organic Compounds emissions on indoor air quality. Polym Degrad Stab 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2018.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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14
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The Effect of Zeolite Composition and Grain Size on Gas Sensing Properties of SnO₂/Zeolite Sensor. SENSORS 2018; 18:s18020390. [PMID: 29382155 PMCID: PMC5856077 DOI: 10.3390/s18020390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In order to improve the sensing properties of tin dioxide gas sensor, four kinds of different SiO₂/Al₂O₃ ratio, different particle size of MFI type zeolites (ZSM-5) were coated on the SnO₂ to prepared zeolite modified gas sensors, and the gas sensing properties were tested. The measurement results showed that the response values of ZSM-5 zeolite (SiO₂/Al₂O₃ = 70, grain size 300 nm) coated SnO₂ gas sensors to formaldehyde vapor were increased, and the response to acetone decreased compared with that of SnO₂ gas sensor, indicating an improved selectivity property. The other three ZSM-5 zeolites with SiO₂/Al₂O₃ 70, 150 and 470, respectively, and grain sizes all around 1 μm coated SnO₂ sensors did not show much difference with SnO₂ sensor for the response properties to both formaldehyde and acetone. The sensing mechanism of ZSM-5 modified sensors was briefly analyzed.
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15
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Enhanced catalytic activity of graphene oxide/CeO2 supported Pt toward HCHO decomposition at room temperature. REACTION KINETICS MECHANISMS AND CATALYSIS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11144-018-1348-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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16
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Sakai N, Yamamoto S, Matsui Y, Khan MF, Latif MT, Ali Mohd M, Yoneda M. Characterization and source profiling of volatile organic compounds in indoor air of private residences in Selangor State, Malaysia. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 586:1279-1286. [PMID: 28236484 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in indoor air were investigated at 39 private residences in Selangor State, Malaysia to characterize the indoor air quality and to identify pollution sources. Twenty-two VOCs including isomers (14 aldehydes, 5 aromatic hydrocarbons, acetone, trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene) were collected by 2 passive samplers for 24h and quantitated using high performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Source profiling based on benzene/toluene ratio as well as statistical analysis (cluster analysis, bivariate correlation analysis and principal component analysis) was performed to identify pollution sources of the detected VOCs. The VOCs concentrations were compared with regulatory limits of air quality guidelines in WHO/EU, the US, Canada and Japan to clarify the potential health risks to the residents. The 39 residences were classified into 2 groups and 2 ungrouped residences based on the dendrogram in the cluster analysis. Group 1 (n=30) had mainly toluene (6.87±2.19μg/m3), formaldehyde (16.0±10.1μg/m3), acetaldehyde (5.35±4.57μg/m3) and acetone (11.1±5.95μg/m3) at background levels. Group 2 (n=7) had significantly high values of formaldehyde (99.3±10.7μg/m3) and acetone (35.8±12.6μg/m3), and a tendency to have higher values of acetaldehyde (23.7±13.5μg/m3), butyraldehyde (3.35±0.41μg/m3) and isovaleraldehyde (2.30±0.39μg/m3). The 2 ungrouped residences showed particularly high concentrations of BTX (benzene, toluene and xylene: 235μg/m3 in total) or acetone (133μg/m3). The geometric mean value of formaldehyde (19.2μg/m3) exceeded an 8-hour regulatory limit in Canada (9μg/m3), while those in other compounds did not exceed any regulatory limits, although a few residences exceeded at least one regulatory limit of benzene or acetaldehyde. Thus, the VOCs in the private residences were effectively characterized from the limited number of monitoring, and the potential health risks of the VOCs exposure, particularly formaldehyde, should be considered in the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobumitsu Sakai
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 6158540, Japan; Shimadzu-UMMC Centre of Xenobiotic Studies, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Shuta Yamamoto
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 6158540, Japan
| | - Yasuto Matsui
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 6158540, Japan
| | - Md Firoz Khan
- Research Centre for Tropical Climate Change System (IKLIM), Institute of Climate Change, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor 43600, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Talib Latif
- School of Environment and Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor 43600, Malaysia; Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor 43600, Malaysia
| | - Mustafa Ali Mohd
- Shimadzu-UMMC Centre of Xenobiotic Studies, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Minoru Yoneda
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 6158540, Japan
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Koziel JA, Nguyen LT, Glanville TD, Ahn H, Frana TS, Hans van Leeuwen J. Method for sampling and analysis of volatile biomarkers in process gas from aerobic digestion of poultry carcasses using time-weighted average SPME and GC-MS. Food Chem 2017; 232:799-807. [PMID: 28490143 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.04.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A passive sampling method, using retracted solid-phase microextraction (SPME) - gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and time-weighted averaging, was developed and validated for tracking marker volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted during aerobic digestion of biohazardous animal tissue. The retracted SPME configuration protects the fragile fiber from buffeting by the process gas stream, and it requires less equipment and is potentially more biosecure than conventional active sampling methods. VOC concentrations predicted via a model based on Fick's first law of diffusion were within 6.6-12.3% of experimentally controlled values after accounting for VOC adsorption to the SPME fiber housing. Method detection limits for five marker VOCs ranged from 0.70 to 8.44ppbv and were statistically equivalent (p>0.05) to those for active sorbent-tube-based sampling. The sampling time of 30min and fiber retraction of 5mm were found to be optimal for the tissue digestion process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek A Koziel
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
| | - Lam T Nguyen
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Thomas D Glanville
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Heekwon Ahn
- Department of Animal Biosystems Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Timothy S Frana
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - J Hans van Leeuwen
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
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Poole JJ, Grandy JJ, Gómez-Ríos GA, Gionfriddo E, Pawliszyn J. Solid Phase Microextraction On-Fiber Derivatization Using a Stable, Portable, and Reusable Pentafluorophenyl Hydrazine Standard Gas Generating Vial. Anal Chem 2016; 88:6859-66. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b01449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Justen J. Poole
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Jonathan J. Grandy
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - German A. Gómez-Ríos
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Emanuela Gionfriddo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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19
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Vignau-Laulhere J, Mocho P, Plaisance H, Raulin K, Desauziers V. Assessment of diffusion parameters of new passive samplers using optical chemical sensor for on-site measuring formaldehyde in indoor air: experimental and numerical studies. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:2147-57. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9317-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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20
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Quantification of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and o-xylene in internal combustion engine exhaust with time-weighted average solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 873:38-50. [PMID: 25911428 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.02.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 02/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A new and simple method for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and o-xylene (BTEX) quantification in vehicle exhaust was developed based on diffusion-controlled extraction onto a retracted solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber coating. The rationale was to develop a method based on existing and proven SPME technology that is feasible for field adaptation in developing countries. Passive sampling with SPME fiber retracted into the needle extracted nearly two orders of magnitude less mass (n) compared with exposed fiber (outside of needle) and sampling was in a time weighted-averaging (TWA) mode. Both the sampling time (t) and fiber retraction depth (Z) were adjusted to quantify a wider range of Cgas. Extraction and quantification is conducted in a non-equilibrium mode. Effects of Cgas, t, Z and T were tested. In addition, contribution of n extracted by metallic surfaces of needle assembly without SPME coating was studied. Effects of sample storage time on n loss was studied. Retracted TWA-SPME extractions followed the theoretical model. Extracted n of BTEX was proportional to Cgas, t, Dg, T and inversely proportional to Z. Method detection limits were 1.8, 2.7, 2.1 and 5.2 mg m(-3) (0.51, 0.83, 0.66 and 1.62 ppm) for BTEX, respectively. The contribution of extraction onto metallic surfaces was reproducible and influenced by Cgas and t and less so by T and by the Z. The new method was applied to measure BTEX in the exhaust gas of a Ford Crown Victoria 1995 and compared with a whole gas and direct injection method.
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21
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22
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Ishikawa R, Maruo YY, Kobayashi K, Teramae H. Theoretical Study on Reaction Mechanism ofLutidine Derivative Formation. JOURNAL OF COMPUTER CHEMISTRY-JAPAN 2015. [DOI: 10.2477/jccj.2015-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Ishikawa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama 350-0295, Japan
| | - Yasuko Y. Maruo
- Department of Environment and Energy, Tohoku Institute of Technology, Yagiyama, Sendai, Miyagi 982-8577, Japan
| | - Keiji Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama 350-0295, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Teramae
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama 350-0295, Japan
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23
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Quantification of Carbonyl Compounds Generated from Ozone-Based Food Colorants Decomposition Using On-Fiber Derivatization-SPME-GC-MS. CHROMATOGRAPHY 2014. [DOI: 10.3390/chromatography2010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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24
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Bourdin D, Mocho P, Desauziers V, Plaisance H. Formaldehyde emission behavior of building materials: on-site measurements and modeling approach to predict indoor air pollution. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2014; 280:164-173. [PMID: 25151239 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.07.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this paper was to investigate formaldehyde emission behavior of building materials from on-site measurements of air phase concentration at material surface used as input data of a box model to estimate the indoor air pollution of a newly built classroom. The relevance of this approach was explored using CFD modeling. In this box model, the contribution of building materials to indoor air pollution was estimated with two parameters: the convective mass transfer coefficient in the material/air boundary layer and the on-site measurements of gas phase concentration at material surfaces. An experimental method based on an emission test chamber was developed to quantify this convective mass transfer coefficient. The on-site measurement of gas phase concentration at material surface was measured by coupling a home-made sampler to SPME. First results had shown an accurate estimation of indoor formaldehyde concentration in this classroom by using a simple box model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Bourdin
- Pôle RIME C2MA, Ecole des Mines d'Alès, Hélioparc, 2 Avenue Pierre Angot, 64053 Pau Cedex 9, France; NOBATEK, 67 Rue de Mirambeau, 64600 Anglet, France
| | - Pierre Mocho
- Laboratoire Thermique Energétique et Procédés, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, BP 7511, 64075 Pau, France.
| | - Valérie Desauziers
- Pôle RIME C2MA, Ecole des Mines d'Alès, Hélioparc, 2 Avenue Pierre Angot, 64053 Pau Cedex 9, France
| | - Hervé Plaisance
- Pôle RIME C2MA, Ecole des Mines d'Alès, Hélioparc, 2 Avenue Pierre Angot, 64053 Pau Cedex 9, France
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25
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A novel miniaturized extraction capillary for determining gaseous formaldehyde by high-performance liquid chromatography. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 407:899-905. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-8144-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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26
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Zali S, Jalali F, Es-haghi A, Shamsipur M. Determination of free formaldehyde in vaccines and biological samples using solid-phase microextraction coupled to GC-MS. J Sep Sci 2013; 36:3883-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201300771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Zali
- Department of Chemistry; Razi University; Kermanshah Iran
| | - Fahimeh Jalali
- Department of Chemistry; Razi University; Kermanshah Iran
| | - Ali Es-haghi
- Department of Physico Chemistry; Razi Vaccine & Serum Research Institute; Karaj Iran
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27
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Bourdin D, Desauziers V. Development of SPME on-fiber derivatization for the sampling of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds in indoor air. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 406:317-28. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7460-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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28
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Applications of microextraction techniques in environmental analysis. Se Pu 2013. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1123.2010.00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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29
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Pang X, Lewis AC, Ródenas-García M. Microfluidic lab-on-a-chip derivatization for gaseous carbonyl analysis. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1296:93-103. [PMID: 23726351 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.04.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Revised: 04/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We present a microfluidic lab-on-a-chip derivatization technique for the analysis of gaseous carbonyl compounds using O-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl) hydroxylamine (PFBHA) as the derivatizing reagent. The novel microfluidic lab-on-a-chip derivatization technique has been developed to measure nmol per mole (ppbv) mixing ratios of gaseous carbonyl compounds, which are of particular importance to atmospheric chemistry. The technique utilised a planar glass microreactor comprising three inlets and one outlet, gas and fluid splitting and combining channels, mixing junctions, and a 2.0m long, 620μm internal diameter reaction microchannel. The microreactor integrated three functions, providing: (1) a gas and liquid mixer and reactor, (2) reagent heating, and (3) sample pre-concentration. The concentration of derivatization solution, the volumetric flow rates of the incoming gas sample and PFBHA solution, and the temperature of the microreactor were optimised to achieve a near real-time measurement. The enhanced phase contact area-to-volume ratio and the high heat transfer rate in the microreactor resulted in a fast and high efficiency derivatization reaction, generating an effluent stream which was ready for direct introduction to GC-MS. Good linearity was observed for eight carbonyl compounds over the measurement ranges of 1-500ppbv when they were derivatized under optimal reaction conditions. The method detection limits (MDLs) were below 0.10nmolmol(-1) for most carbonyls in this study, which is below or close to their typical concentrations in clean ambient air. The performance of the technique was assessed by applying the methodology to the quantification of glyoxal (GLY) and methylglyoxal (MGLY) formed during isoprene photo-oxidation in an outdoor photoreactor chamber (EUPHORE). Good agreements between GLY and MGLY measurements were obtained comparing this new technique with Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR), which provides support for the potential effectiveness of the microfluidic technique for gaseous measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Pang
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK.
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30
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Woolcock PJ, Koziel JA, Cai L, Johnston PA, Brown RC. Analysis of trace contaminants in hot gas streams using time-weighted average solid-phase microextraction: Proof of concept. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1281:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Revised: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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31
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Sheehan EM, Limmer MA, Mayer P, Karlson UG, Burken JG. Time-weighted average SPME analysis for in planta determination of cVOCs. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2012; 46:3319-3325. [PMID: 22332592 DOI: 10.1021/es2041898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The potential of phytoscreening for plume delineation at contaminated sites has promoted interest in innovative, sensitive contaminant sampling techniques. Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) methods have been developed, offering quick, undemanding, noninvasive sampling without the use of solvents. In this study, time-weighted average SPME (TWA-SPME) sampling was evaluated for in planta quantification of chlorinated solvents. TWA-SPME was found to have increased sensitivity over headspace and equilibrium SPME sampling. Using a variety of chlorinated solvents and a polydimethylsiloxane/carboxen (PDMS/CAR) SPME fiber, most compounds exhibited near linear or linear uptake over the sampling period. Smaller, less hydrophobic compounds exhibited more nonlinearity than larger, more hydrophobic molecules. Using a specifically designed in planta sampler, field sampling was conducted at a site contaminated with chlorinated solvents. Sampling with TWA-SPME produced instrument responses ranging from 5 to over 200 times higher than headspace tree core sampling. This work demonstrates that TWA-SPME can be used for in planta detection of a broad range of chlorinated solvents and methods can likely be applied to other volatile and semivolatile organic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily M Sheehan
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri, United States
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32
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Tessini C, Müller N, Mardones C, Meier D, Berg A, von Baer D. Chromatographic approaches for determination of low-molecular mass aldehydes in bio-oil. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1219:154-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.10.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Revised: 10/23/2011] [Accepted: 10/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Chiappini L, Dagnelie R, Sassine M, Fuvel F, Fable S, Tran-Thi TH, George C. Multi-tool formaldehyde measurement in simulated and real atmospheres for indoor air survey and concentration change monitoring. AIR QUALITY, ATMOSPHERE, & HEALTH 2011; 4:211-220. [PMID: 21949553 PMCID: PMC3156335 DOI: 10.1007/s11869-010-0102-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2009] [Accepted: 10/08/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Formaldehyde is of particular health concern since it is carcinogenic for human and ubiquitous in indoor air where people spend most of their time. Therefore, it is important to have suitable methods and techniques to measure its content in indoor air. In the present work, four different techniques have been tested in the INERIS exposure chamber and in indoor environments in comparison to a standard active method: passive sampling method based on the reaction of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine with formaldehyde, two on-line continuous monitoring systems based on fluorescence and UV measurements and a portable commercialised analyser based on electrochemical titration. Two formaldehyde concentrations, about 10 and 25 μg m(-3) were generated in an exposure chamber under controlled conditions of temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed to simulate real conditions and assess potential influence on passive sampling and continuous systems response. Influence of sampling periods on passive sampling has also been evaluated. The real atmosphere experiments have been performed in four different indoor environments: an office, a furniture shop, a shopping mall, and residential dwellings in which several potential formaldehyde sources linked to household activities have been tested. The analytical and sampling problems associated with each measurement method have been identified and discussed. An overall agreement between each technique has been observed and continuous analyzers allowed for formaldehyde concentrations change monitoring and secondary formation of that pollutant observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Chiappini
- Direction des Risques Chroniques (DRC), Unité Chimie Métrologie Essais (CIME), Institut National de l’Environment Industriel et des Risques, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | | | - Maria Sassine
- IRCELYON, Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse et l’Environnement de Lyon, UMR5256, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Faustina Fuvel
- Direction des Risques Chroniques (DRC), Unité Chimie Métrologie Essais (CIME), Institut National de l’Environment Industriel et des Risques, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Sebastien Fable
- Direction des Risques Chroniques (DRC), Unité Chimie Métrologie Essais (CIME), Institut National de l’Environment Industriel et des Risques, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | | | - Christian George
- IRCELYON, Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse et l’Environnement de Lyon, UMR5256, Villeurbanne, France
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Toscano P, Gioli B, Dugheri S, Salvini A, Matese A, Bonacchi A, Zaldei A, Cupelli V, Miglietta F. Locating industrial VOC sources with aircraft observations. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2011; 159:1174-1182. [PMID: 21376441 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2011.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Revised: 01/25/2011] [Accepted: 02/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Observation and characterization of environmental pollution, focussing on Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), in a high-risk industrial area, are particularly important in order to provide indications on a safe level of exposure, indicate eventual priorities and advise on policy interventions. The aim of this study is to use the Solid Phase Micro Extraction (SPME) method to measure VOCs, directly coupled with atmospheric measurements taken on a small aircraft environmental platform, to evaluate and locate the presence of VOC emission sources in the Marghera industrial area. Lab analysis of collected SPME fibres and subsequent analysis of mass spectrum and chromatograms in Scan Mode allowed the detection of a wide range of VOCs. The combination of this information during the monitoring campaign allowed a model (Gaussian Plume) to be implemented that estimates the localization of emission sources on the ground.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Toscano
- Institute for Biometeorology (IBIMET-CNR), Via G. Caproni 8, 50145 Firenze, Italy.
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Liu JF, Tao Y, Sun J, Jiang GB. Development of polypropylene coated hollow fiber membranes as passive sampler for field equilibrium sampling of odorous compounds in environmental waters. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2011; 3:696-702. [PMID: 32938093 DOI: 10.1039/c0ay00670j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A new passive sampling device was developed for field equilibrium sampling of geosmin (GSM) and 2-methylisoborneol (MIB) in surface water. The sampling device was prepared by coating a 50 cm length polypropylene hollow fiber tubing (50 μm wall thickness, 280 μm inner diameter) with polypropylene glycol 4000. The sampler was brought into equilibrium with the sample in the field, and then transferred and immersed into 100 μL of methanol held in a little desorption device for room temperature desorption and preservation of the sampled analytes. After being transported to the laboratory, the analytes were determined by headspace solid-phase microextraction-GC-MS. The large surface area-to-volume ratio of the developed sampler facilitated the reaching of sampling equilibrium in 1 h, while the equilibrium sampling minimized the effects of environmentally relevant sampling conditions. Variation of sample pH (4.0-9.0) and salinity (0-100 mM NaCl) had no significant effects on the distribution coefficients of analytes to the sampler. The desorption device, constructed with a 200 μL glass insert, and a 2 mL brown glass vial with PTFE sealed screw cap, has no loss of analytes during the storage of the sampler. The proposed procedure had detection limits of 4 and 9 ng L-1 for GSM and MIB, respectively. This developed sampler was successfully applied to field sampling in Taihu Lake (China), with MIB and GSM detected in the range of 0.11-0.61 μg L-1 during a medium out-break of blue-green algae bloom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Fu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 2871, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Yong Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 2871, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Jia Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 2871, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Gui-Bin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 2871, Beijing, 100085, China.
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Ouyang G, Vuckovic D, Pawliszyn J. Nondestructive Sampling of Living Systems Using in Vivo Solid-Phase Microextraction. Chem Rev 2011; 111:2784-814. [DOI: 10.1021/cr100203t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 369] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gangfeng Ouyang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Dajana Vuckovic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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GC-MS and GC-NPD Determination of Formaldehyde Dimethylhydrazone in Water Using SPME. Chromatographia 2011; 73:123-128. [PMID: 21423319 PMCID: PMC3030744 DOI: 10.1007/s10337-010-1820-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2010] [Revised: 08/17/2010] [Accepted: 11/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Formaldehyde dimethylhydrazone (FADMH) is one of the important transformation products of residual rocket fuel 1,1-dimethylhydrazine (1,1-DMH). Thus, recent studies show that FADMH toxicity is comparable to that of undecomposed 1,1-DMH. In this study, a new method for quantification of FADMH in water based on solid phase microextraction (SPME) in combination with gas chromatography (GC) with mass spectrometric (MS) and nitrogen-phosphorus detection (NPD) is presented. Effects of SPME fiber coating type, extraction and desorption temperatures, extraction time, and pH on analyte recovery were studied. The optimized method used 65 micron polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene fiber coating for 1 min headspace extractions at 30 °C. Preferred pH and desorption temperature from the SPME fiber are >8.5 and 200 °C, respectively. Detection limits were estimated to be 1.5 and 0.5 μg L−1 for MS and NPD, respectively. The method was applied to laboratory-scale experiments to quantify FADMH. Results indicate applicability for in situ sampling and analysis and possible first-time detection of free FADMH in water.
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Li X, Ouyang G, Lord H, Pawliszyn J. Theory and Validation of Solid-Phase Microextraction and Needle Trap Devices for Aerosol Sample. Anal Chem 2010; 82:9521-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ac1022265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China, and Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Gangfeng Ouyang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China, and Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Heather Lord
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China, and Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China, and Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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Toniolo R, Susmel S, Dossi N, Pizzariello A, Martinis M, Bontempelli G. Amperometric Sniffer Based on Electrodes Supported on Ion-Exchangers for Monitoring the State of Turning Rancid of Lipids. ELECTROANAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200900494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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40
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Ultra trace analysis of 17 organochlorine pesticides in water samples from the Arctic based on the combination of solid-phase extraction and headspace solid-phase microextraction–gas chromatography-electron-capture detector. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:1191-202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2009] [Revised: 12/05/2009] [Accepted: 12/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Tollbäck J, Isetun S, Colmsjö A, Nilsson U. Dynamic non-equilibrium SPME combined with GC, PICI, and ion trap MS for determination of organophosphate esters in air. Anal Bioanal Chem 2009; 396:839-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-3221-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2009] [Revised: 10/06/2009] [Accepted: 10/07/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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42
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Trace determination of free formaldehyde in DTP and DT vaccines and diphtheria–tetanus antigen by single drop microextraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2009; 50:287-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2009.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2008] [Revised: 04/14/2009] [Accepted: 04/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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43
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Xu H, Song D, Cui Y, Hu S, Yu QW, Feng YQ. Analysis of Hexanal and Heptanal in Human Blood by Simultaneous Derivatization and Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction then LC–APCI–MS–MS. Chromatographia 2009. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-009-1208-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Wang J, Tuduri L, Millet M, Briand O, Montury M. Flexibility of solid-phase microextraction for passive sampling of atmospheric pesticides. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:3031-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2008] [Revised: 02/02/2009] [Accepted: 02/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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45
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Niri VH, Eom IY, Kermani FR, Pawliszyn J. Sampling free and particle-bound chemicals using solid-phase microextraction and needle trap device simultaneously. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:1075-80. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200800603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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46
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Wang J, Tuduri L, Mercury M, Millet M, Briand O, Montury M. Sampling atmospheric pesticides with SPME: Laboratory developments and field study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2009; 157:365-370. [PMID: 19010574 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2008.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2008] [Revised: 09/23/2008] [Accepted: 10/04/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
To estimate the atmospheric exposure of the greenhouse workers to pesticides, solid phase microextraction (SPME) was used under non-equilibrium conditions. Using Fick's law of diffusion, the concentrations of pesticides in the greenhouse can be calculated using pre-determined sampling rates (SRs). Thus the sampling rates (SRs) of two modes of SPME in the lab and in the field were determined and compared. The SRs for six pesticides in the lab were 20.4-48.3 mL min(-1) for the exposed fiber and 0.166-0.929 mL min(-1) for the retracted fiber. In field sampling, two pesticides, dichlorvos and cyprodinil were detected with exposed SPME. SR with exposed SPME for dichlorvos in the field (32.4 mL min(-1)) was consistent with that in the lab (34.5 mL min(-1)). SR for dichlorvos in the field (32.4 mL min(-1)) was consistent with that in the lab (34.5 mL min(-1)). The trends of temporal concentration and the inhalation exposure were also obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxia Wang
- EPCA-Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, UMR 5255 CNRS-Université Bordeaux 1,ISM, Site universitaire, 24019 Périgueux Cedex, France
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Analysis of industrial contaminants in indoor air: Part 1. Volatile organic compounds, carbonyl compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:540-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.10.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2008] [Revised: 10/27/2008] [Accepted: 10/31/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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48
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Apel EC, Brauers T, Koppmann R, Bandowe B, Boßmeyer J, Holzke C, Tillmann R, Wahner A, Wegener R, Brunner A, Jocher M, Ruuskanen T, Spirig C, Steigner D, Steinbrecher R, Gomez Alvarez E, Müller K, Burrows JP, Schade G, Solomon SJ, Ladstätter-Weißenmayer A, Simmonds P, Young D, Hopkins JR, Lewis AC, Legreid G, Reimann S, Hansel A, Wisthaler A, Blake RS, Ellis AM, Monks PS, Wyche KP. Intercomparison of oxygenated volatile organic compound measurements at the SAPHIR atmosphere simulation chamber. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd009865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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49
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Recent developments in solid-phase microextraction. Anal Bioanal Chem 2008; 393:781-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-008-2375-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2008] [Revised: 08/25/2008] [Accepted: 08/26/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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50
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Dossi N, Susmel S, Toniolo R, Pizzariello A, Bontempelli G. Simultaneous determination of derivatized light aldehydes by microchip electrophoresis with electrochemical detection. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1207:169-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2008] [Revised: 07/31/2008] [Accepted: 08/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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