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Chen MM, Gao H, Ge ZB, Zhao FJ, Xu JJ, Wang P. Ultrasensitive Electrochemiluminescence Sensor Utilizing Aggregation-Induced Emission Active Probe for Accurate Arsenite Quantification in Rice Grains. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:2826-2833. [PMID: 38282384 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) constitutes a substantial threat to global ecosystems and public health. An accurate quantification of inorganic arsenite (As(III)) in rice grains is crucial for ensuring food safety and human well-being. Herein, we constructed an electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor utilizing aggregation-induced emission (AIE) active Pdots for the sensitive detection of As(III) in rice. We synthesized tetraphenylethylene-based AIE-active Pdots, exhibiting stable and highly efficient ECL emission in their aggregated states. Owing to the overlap of spectra, we employed an electrochemiluminescence resonance energy transfer (ECL-RET) system, with the Pdots as the donor and black hole quencher (BHQ) as the acceptor. Upon the introduction of As(III), the conformational changes of As(III)-specific aptamer could trigger the detachment of BHQ-labeled DNA aptamer from the electrode surface, leading to the recovery of the ECL signal. The target-induced "signal-on" bioassay enabled the sensitive and specific detection of As(III) with a linear range of 10 pM to 500 nM, with an ultralow limit of detection (LOD) of 5.8 pM/0.4 ppt. These values significantly surpass those of existing sensors designed for As(III) quantification in rice. Furthermore, by employing amylase hydrolysis for efficient extraction, we successfully applied our sensor to measure As(III) in actual rice samples sourced from diverse regions of China. The results obtained using our sensor were in close agreement with those derived from the reference method of HPLC-ICP-MS. This study not only presents a sensitive and reliable method for detecting arsenite but also underscores its potential applications in enhancing food safety, agriculture practices, and environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ming Chen
- Centre for Agriculture and Health, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhan-Biao Ge
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fang-Jie Zhao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jing-Juan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Centre for Agriculture and Health, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Limmer MA, Linam FA, Seyfferth AL. The effect of rice residue management on rice paddy Si, Fe, As, and methane biogeochemistry. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 903:166496. [PMID: 37611706 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Rice production results in residues of straw and husk, and the management of these residues has implications for the sustainability of the rice agroecosystem. Rice straw is typically incorporated into soil either as fresh residue or is burned prior to incorporation. Rice husk is not typically returned to rice fields. However, rice husk contains high levels of silicon, which has been shown to decrease rice accumulation of arsenic. In this work, we studied the resulting biogeochemical changes in rice paddy soils when paddies were amended with either straw or burned straw and either no husk, husk, or burned husk over two years. Using a full-factorial design, we observed that the higher lability of rice straw carbon controlled redox-sensitive processes despite the application of husk and straw at similar carbon rates. Amending paddies with straw, rather than burned straw, increased porewater Fe and As, plant As, and methane emissions regardless of husk amendment. Husk addition provided insignificant Si to the plant despite its high concentration of Si, suggesting limited short-term mobility of Si and that long-term additions of husk or higher rates may need to be studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matt A Limmer
- University of Delaware, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Newark, DE 19716, United States of America
| | - Franklin A Linam
- University of Delaware, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Newark, DE 19716, United States of America
| | - Angelia L Seyfferth
- University of Delaware, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Newark, DE 19716, United States of America.
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Hu R, Cooper JA, Daroub SH, Kerl CF, Planer-Friedrich B, Seyfferth AL. Low levels of arsenic and cadmium in rice grown in southern Florida Histosols - Impacts of water management and soil thickness. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 869:161712. [PMID: 36682547 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Rice is planted as a rotation crop in the sugarcane-dominant Everglades Agricultural Area (EAA) in southern Florida. The Histosols in this area are unlike other mineral soils used to grow rice due to the high organic content and land subsidence caused by rapid oxidation of organic matter upon drainage. It remains unknown if such soils pose a risk of arsenic (As) or cadmium (Cd) mobilization and uptake into rice grain. Both As and Cd are carcinogenic trace elements of concern in rice, and it is important to understand their soil-plant transfer into rice, a staple food of global importance. Here, a mesocosm pot study was conducted using two thicknesses of local soil, deep (D, 50 cm) and shallow (S, 25 cm), under three water managements, conventional flooding (FL), low water table (LWT), and alternating wetting and drying (AWD). Rice was grown to maturity and plant levels of As and Cd were determined. Regardless of treatments, rice grown in these Florida Histolsols has very low Cd concentrations in polished grain (1.5-5.6 μg kg-1) and relatively low total As (35-150 μg kg-1) and inorganic As (35-87 μg kg-1) concentrations in polished grain, which are below regulatory limits. This may be due to the low soil As and Cd levels, high soil cation exchange capacity due to high soil organic matter content, and slightly alkaline soil pH. Grain As was significantly affected by water management (AWD < FL = LWT) and its interaction effect with soil thickness (AWD-D ≤ AWD-S ≤ FL-D = LWT-S = LWT-D ≤ FL-S), resulting in as much as 62 % difference among treatments. Grain Cd was significantly affected by water management (AWD > FL > LWT) without any soil thickness impact. In conclusion, even though water management has more of an impact on rice As and Cd than soil thickness, the low concentrations of As and Cd in rice pose little health risk for consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifang Hu
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
| | - Jennifer A Cooper
- Soil and Water Sciences, Everglades Research and Education Center, IFAS, University of Florida, Belle Glade, FL, United States
| | - Samira H Daroub
- Soil and Water Sciences, Everglades Research and Education Center, IFAS, University of Florida, Belle Glade, FL, United States
| | - Carolin F Kerl
- Environmental Geochemistry Group, Bayreuth Center for Ecology and Environmental Research (BAYCEER), Bayreuth University, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Britta Planer-Friedrich
- Environmental Geochemistry Group, Bayreuth Center for Ecology and Environmental Research (BAYCEER), Bayreuth University, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Angelia L Seyfferth
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States.
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Yoon SG, Kwak IS, Yoon HO, An J. Adsorption Characteristics of Dimethylated Arsenicals on Iron Oxide-Modified Rice Husk Biochar. TOXICS 2022; 10:703. [PMID: 36422911 PMCID: PMC9692524 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10110703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the adsorption characteristics of dimethylated arsenicals to rice husk biochar (BC) and Fe/biochar composite (FeBC) were assessed through isothermal adsorption experiments and X-ray absorption spectroscopy analysis. The maximal adsorption capacities (qm) of inorganic arsenate, calculated using the Langmuir isotherm equation, were 1.28 and 6.32 mg/g for BC and FeBC, respectively. Moreover, dimethylated arsenicals did not adsorb to BC at all, and in the case of FeBC, qm values of dimethylarsinic acid (DMA(V)), dimethylmonothioarsinic acid (DMMTA(V)), and dimethyldithioarsinic acid (DMDTA(V)) were calculated to be 7.08, 0.43, and 0.28 mg/g, respectively. This was due to the formation of iron oxide (i.e., two-line ferrihydrite) on the surface of BC. Linear combination fitting using As K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure spectra confirmed that all chemical forms of dimethylated arsenicals adsorbed on the two-line ferrihydrite were DMA(V). Thus, FeBC could retain highly mobile and toxic arsenicals such as DMMTA(V) and DMDTA(V)) in the environment, and transform them into DMA(V) with relatively low toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Gyu Yoon
- Department of Environment Safety System Engineering, Semyung University, Jecheon 27136, Republic of Korea
| | - Ihn-Sil Kwak
- Department of Ocean Integrated Science, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-On Yoon
- Korea Basic Science Institute, 145 Anam-ro, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsung An
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
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Limmer MA, Seyfferth AL. Altering the localization and toxicity of arsenic in rice grain. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5210. [PMID: 35338249 PMCID: PMC8956569 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09236-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous work has shown that inorganic As localizes in rice bran whereas DMA localizes in the endosperm, but less is known about co-localization of As and S species and how they are affected by growing conditions. We used high-resolution synchrotron X-ray fluorescence imaging to image As and S species in rice grain from plants grown to maturity in soil (field and pot) and hydroponically (DMA or arsenite dosed) at field-relevant As concentrations. In hydroponics, arsenite was localized in the ovular vascular trace (OVT) and the bran while DMA permeated the endosperm and was absent from the OVT in all grains analyzed, and As species had no affect on S species. In pot studies, soil amended with Si-rich rice husk with higher DMA shifted grain As into the endosperm for both japonica and indica ecotypes. In field-grown rice from low-As soil, As localized in the OVT as arsenite glutathione, arsenite, and DMA. Results support a circumferential model of grain filling for arsenite and DMA and show Si-rich soil amendments alter grain As localization, potentially lessening risk to rice consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matt A Limmer
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Angelia L Seyfferth
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.
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Abstract
The main source of arsenic exposure to humans worldwide is the diet, in particular, drinking water, rice, and seafood. Although arsenic is often considered toxic, it can exist in food as more than 300 chemical species with different toxicities. This diversity makes it difficult for food safety and health authorities to regulate arsenic levels in food, which are currently based on a few arsenic species. Of particular interest are arsenolipids, a type of arsenic species widely found in seafood. Emerging evidence indicates that there are risks associated with human exposure to arsenolipids (e.g., accumulation in breast milk, ability to cross the blood-brain barrier and accumulate in the brain, and potential development of neurodegenerative disorders). Still, more research is needed to fully understand the impact of arsenolipid exposure, which requires establishing interdisciplinary collaborations.
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Farhat YA, Kim SH, Seyfferth AL, Zhang L, Neumann RB. Altered arsenic availability, uptake, and allocation in rice under elevated temperature. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 763:143049. [PMID: 33153749 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is expected to increase growing temperatures in rice cultivating regions worldwide. Recent research demonstrates that elevated temperature can increase arsenic concentrations in rice tissue, exacerbating an existing threat to rice quality and human health. However, the specific temperature-induced changes in the plant-soil system responsible for increased arsenic concentrations remain unclear and such knowledge is necessary to manage human dietary arsenic exposure in a warmer future. To elucidate these changes, we established four temperature treatments in climate-controlled growth chambers and grew rice plants (Oryza sativa cv. M206) in pots filled with Californian paddy soil with arsenic concentrations of 7.7 mg kg-1. The four chosen temperatures mimicked IPCC forecasting for Northern California, with a roughly 2.5 °C increase between treatments (nighttime temperatures ~2 °C cooler). We observed that arsenic concentrations in porewater, root iron plaque, and plant tissue increased in response to elevated temperature. There was a positive linear relationship between temperature and rice grain arsenic, almost all of which was present as inorganic As (III). Above-ground allocation patterns were consistent across treatments. We found no upregulation in the gene encoding the OsABCC1 transporter, believed to be important for arsenic sequestration in vacuoles and thereby preventing arsenic transfer to grain. Rice plants grown at higher temperatures had more adsorbed arsenic per unit of iron plaque (measured as [As]/[Fe]), indicating temperature may impact arsenic sorption to root plaque. We present evidence that increased soil mobilization of arsenic was the driving factor responsible for increased arsenic uptake into rice grain. Transpiration, which can increase arsenic transport to roots, was also heightened with elevated temperature but appeared to play a secondary role. Our system had low soil arsenic concentrations typical for California. Our findings highlight that elevated growing temperatures may increase the risk of dietary arsenic exposure in rice systems that were previously considered low risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine A Farhat
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Soo-Hyung Kim
- School of the Environment and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Angelia L Seyfferth
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Long Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Rebecca B Neumann
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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Abd-Rabboh HSM, Kamel AH, Alshehri FHA. Cacodylate Sensors and their Application in the Determination of Amino Acid Levels in Biological Samples. J AOAC Int 2021; 104:113-121. [PMID: 33751065 DOI: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsaa098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The importance of recognizing and quantifying chemical anions/cations found in various types of samples, including environmental and biological samples, has been extensively studied. Recent findings suggest the possibility of health risks caused by organic compound dimethylarsinic acid (DMAs) rather than its inorganic arsenic metabolite. OBJECTIVE This article aims to fabricate polymeric-membrane electrochemical sensors with high sensitivity and selectivity for the cacodylic acid sodium salt dimethylarsinate (DMAs) based on silver diethyldithiocarbamate (AgDDTC) and CuIIphthalocyanine (CuPC) as novel neutral carriers and their applications. METHOD DMAs calibration relations and titrations were carried out using a potentiometric workstation equipped with a double-junction reference electrode, in conjunction with the fabricated working electrodes. RESULTS Sensors revealed fast and stable anionic response with near-Nernstian slopes (-38.6 ± 0.9 and -31.5 ± 0.6 mV/decade), within concentration ranges (1.7 × 10-5 -1.0 × 10-2 and 3.0 × 10-5 -1.0 × 10-2 M) and detection limits (1.0 × 10-5 and 1.6 × 10-5 M) for AgDDTC- and CuPC-based sensors, respectively. Sensors are characterized by extended life-time, signal stability, high precision and short response times. Selectivity for the cacodylate anion over most common anions was tested for the proposed electrodes. Sensors were satisfactorily applied for DMAs quantification in biological matrices with recoveries ranging between 96.2 and 99.0%. Membrane sensors were interfaced with a flow-through system for continuous monitoring of DMAs. The sensors were tested for the assay of different amino acids based on their reaction with cacodylate, where reaction end points were monitored with the proposed electrodes using direct potentiometric determination and flow injection analysis (FIA). CONCLUSIONS Potentiometric ion-selective PVC-membrane electrodes based on silver diethyldithiocarbamate (AgDDTC) and CuIIphthalothyanine (CuPC) provide adequate and reliable means for the determination of dimethylarsenate anion (cacodylate anion, DMAs). These membrane electrodes are easy to manufacture, they have the advantages of high selectivity and sensitivity, broad dynamic ranges, low detection limits, quick response times and cost effectiveness. Such properties make these sensors suitable for the assay of DMAs levels in aqueous solutions by direct potentiometry, flow injection and potentiometric titration, as well as in monitoring of the titration end points of the reactions between various amino acids and DMAs anion in aqueous solutions. HIGHLIGHTS Simple electrochemical membranes for dimethylarsinate (DMAs) were prepared, based on diethyldithiocarbamate (AgDDTC) and CuIIphthalocyanine (CuPC). - DMAs sensors were fabricated in two different modules: batch (for static) and flow-through (for hydrodynamic) approaches. - Levels of DMAs were determined in spiked biological samples. - AgDDTC-based sensors were successfully applied in the determination of several amino acids via potentiometric titration with DMAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisham S M Abd-Rabboh
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Ayman H Kamel
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Fuziah H A Alshehri
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 960, Mahayel Aseer 61421, Saudi Arabia
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Gąsecka M, Drzewiecka K, Magdziak Z, Piechalak A, Budka A, Waliszewska B, Szentner K, Goliński P, Niedzielski P, Budzyńska S, Mleczek M. Arsenic uptake, speciation and physiological response of tree species (Acer pseudoplatanus, Betula pendula and Quercus robur) treated with dimethylarsinic acid. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:127859. [PMID: 32841871 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) on growth parameters and levels of stress-related metabolites in Acer pseudoplatanus, Betula pendula and Quercus robur. The increase of DMA concentration in the solution led to a notable growth retardation of trees. An intense As accumulation (mainly As(III) and As(V)) expressed as BCF and TF > 1 was recorded only for Q. robur. Generally a decrease in contents of cellulose, hemicellulose and holocellulose with a simultaneous increase in lignin content were recorded. Phenolic composition of leaf extracts was modified by DMA, while root and rhizosphere extracts were poor in phenolics. Toxicity of DMA leads to a significant drop in salicylic acid content in leaves observed at lower doses. Higher DMA levels caused a second, probably ROS-derived depletion of the metabolite accompanied with a severe growth retardation, most pronounced in the case of B. pendula. DMA caused the inhibition of LMWOA biosynthesis in roots of A. pseudoplatanus, B. pendula and their exudation into the rhizosphere, while in Q. robur roots and leaves a stimulation of their accumulation was observed. Disturbances in the activity of enzymatic antioxidants were observed for all the species following the increasing level of DMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Gąsecka
- Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625, Poznań, Poland
| | - Kinga Drzewiecka
- Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625, Poznań, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Magdziak
- Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625, Poznań, Poland
| | - Aneta Piechalak
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Department of Genome Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Budka
- Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637, Poznań, Poland
| | - Bogusława Waliszewska
- Institute of Chemical Wood Technology, Wojska Polskiego 38/42, 60-637, Poznań, Poland
| | - Kinga Szentner
- Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625, Poznań, Poland
| | - Piotr Goliński
- Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625, Poznań, Poland
| | - Przemysław Niedzielski
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Sylwia Budzyńska
- Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625, Poznań, Poland
| | - Mirosław Mleczek
- Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625, Poznań, Poland.
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Jinadasa KK, Peña-Vázquez E, Bermejo-Barrera P, Moreda-Piñeiro A. Ionic imprinted polymer – Vortex-assisted dispersive micro-solid phase extraction for inorganic arsenic speciation in rice by HPLC-ICP-MS. Talanta 2020; 220:121418. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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11
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Sun YL, Zhao LY, Lian HZ, Mao L, Cui XB. Carboxyl-functionalized hybrid monolithic column prepared by "thiol-ene" click reaction for noninvasive speciation analysis of chromium with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1137:85-93. [PMID: 33153612 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel carboxyl-functionalized hybrid monolithic column was developed based on "thiol-ene" click reaction via "one-pot" by choosing mercaptosuccinic acid, γ-methyl methacrylate trimethoxysilane and tetramethoxysilane as reaction monomers. The design of the hybrid monolithic column was assisted by the comparison in computational simulation with existing carboxyl-functionalized materials. The characterization by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, N2 adsorption-desorption measurement, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis showed that the carboxyl-functionalized material has the advantages of good permeability and high mechanical strength. Then, we used the prepared carboxyl-hybrid monolith column as solid phase microextraction adsorbent for separation of trace inorganic chromium species. Under pH 4.5, the hybrid monolith column can selectively enrich Cr(III) without adsorbing Cr(VI) and afterwards, Cr(III) can be eluted by 1.0 mol L-1 HCl. The chromium speciation separation method based on carboxyl-hybrid monolith column followed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry possessed the merits of facile preparation, low cost, simple and mild extraction condition, and sensitive detection, which has been successfully applied to the separation, enrichment and detection of inorganic chromium in environmental waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Lun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering and Center of Materials Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ling-Yu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering and Center of Materials Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hong-Zhen Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering and Center of Materials Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Li Mao
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Xiao-Bing Cui
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
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Nguyen HPA, Cu YH, Watchalayann P, Soonthornchaikul N. Assessing inorganic arsenic in rice and its health risk to consumers in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. JOURNAL OF HEALTH RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1108/jhr-09-2019-0221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PurposeThe consumption of rice that contains high levels of inorganic arsenic may cause human health risk. This study aims to determine As species concentrations, particularly iAs, in raw rice in Ho Chi Minh (HCM) City and its health risks.Design/methodology/approachA total of 60 polished raw composite samples of rice were purchased from traditional markets and supermarkets in HCM City. All samples were analyzed by HPLC-ICPMS for As species determination.FindingsMean concentrations of inorganic arsenic in all samples, which were purchased from supermarket and traditional market, were 88.8 µg/kg and 80.6 µg/kg, respectively. Overall, inorganic arsenic level was 84.7 µg/kg and contributed the highest proportion of arsenic species in rice with 67.7%. The proportion profiles for arsenic species were: As (III) (60 %); dimethylarsinic acid (32.2 %); As (V) (7.7 %) and methylarsonic acid (0.1 %). Inorganic arsenic level in raw rice was below the recommendation of World Health Organization. Using the benchmark dose recommended by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), all exposure doses were lower than BMDL05. However, as the doses ranged from 3.0 to 8.6 of Margin of Exposure (MOE), the health risk of iAs from rice consumption remains public health concern.Originality/valueThe study results report on the surveillance data of the presence of inorganic arsenic in raw rice products, which are available in the supermarkets and traditional markets, and its health risk to consumers in a metropolitan city in Vietnam.
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Arsenic speciation in cooked food and its bioaccessible fraction using X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Food Chem 2020; 336:127587. [PMID: 32777657 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Thermal processing or the digestion process can alter the forms of arsenic (As) present in food. Identification of As species is necessary to accurately determine the risk associated with food consumption. X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) was used to investigate As species in rice, asparagus, and garlic boiled in water containing As(V), and in their bioaccessible fractions (solubilized As after gastrointestinal digestion). The XANES analysis revealed the presence of As(III) (11871.5 eV) or As(III)-S [As(III)-Cys, 11869.6 eV] solution in the cooked foods and in their bioaccessible fractions. The percentage of trivalent species (12-55%) followed the order asparagus ≫ rice ≈ garlic. In the asparagus and garlic samples, part of the As(V) (tetrahedral form) [11875 eV] that had been added appeared in the form of an octahedral As(V) compound [As(V)-glycerol, 11876 eV]. All these changes could considerably modify the risk associated with ingestion of As-contaminated food.
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14
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Domínguez-González MR, Barciela-Alonso MC, Calvo-Millán VG, Herbello-Hermelo P, Bermejo-Barrera P. The bioavailability of arsenic species in rice. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:3253-3259. [PMID: 32270245 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02589-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Rice is the principal food in many countries for billions of people and one of the most consumed cereals in the world. The rice plant has the ability to bioaccumulate essential and toxic trace elements such as arsenic. The toxicity of the elements depends not only on their concentration but also on their chemical form and their bioavailability. The inorganic forms of arsenic are more toxic than the organic forms and the toxicity increases with decreasing oxidation states. The consumers of rice in Europe who are the most exposed to inorganic arsenic are children under three, thorough diet (rice-based food). Recently, the European Commission established the maximum levels of inorganic arsenic in foodstuffs. This regulation establishes a maximum level of inorganic arsenic of 100 μg kg-1 in rice destined for the production of food for infants and young children. In order to know the relation between the As ingested and the arsenic absorbed, studies of bioavailability are necessary. We proposed an in vitro digestion method with dialysis to estimate this relation. Furthermore, a bioavailability study of As species in rice was performed in order to know if a change in As species occurred during the gastrointestinal digestion process. Arsenic species were determined in rice and in the dialysate fraction by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS). The proposed method has been applied to different rice samples acquired in the local Spanish market. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Raquel Domínguez-González
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Chemistry, Strategic Grouping of Materials (AEMAT), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria Carmen Barciela-Alonso
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Chemistry, Strategic Grouping of Materials (AEMAT), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Valeria G Calvo-Millán
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Chemistry, Strategic Grouping of Materials (AEMAT), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Paloma Herbello-Hermelo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Chemistry, Strategic Grouping of Materials (AEMAT), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Pilar Bermejo-Barrera
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Chemistry, Strategic Grouping of Materials (AEMAT), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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15
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Si and Water Management Drives Changes in Fe and Mn Pools that Affect As Cycling and Uptake in Rice. SOIL SYSTEMS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/soilsystems3030058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic availability to rice is tied to biogeochemical cycling of Fe and Mn in rice soils. Two strategies to minimize As uptake by rice—increasing Si and decreasing water—affect soil Fe and Mn pools. We synthesized data from several soil-based experiments with four rice cultivars across pot and field trials with manipulations of Si, water, or both. Increasing Si alters the mineral composition of Fe plaque more than decreasing water, with the former promoting relatively more ferrihydrite and less lepidocrocite. Nonflooded conditions decrease lepidocrocite but slightly increase goethite compared to flooded rice. Plaque As, which was a mixture of arsenite (15–40%) and arsenate (60–85%), was correlated positively with ferrihydrite and negatively with lepidocrocite and goethite. Plaque As was also positively correlated with F1 and F2 soil As, and F2 was correlated positively with porewater As, total grain As, and grain organic As (oAs). Grain inorganic As (iAs) was negatively correlated with oxalate-extractable Fe and Mn. Our data and multiple linear regression models suggest that under flooded conditions iAs is released by poorly crystalline Fe oxides to porewater mainly as iAs(III), which can either be taken up by the plant, adsorbed to Fe plaque, oxidized to iAs(V) or methylated to oAs. Increasing Si can promote more desorption of iAs(III) and promote more poorly-ordered phases in plaque and in bulk soil. The ultimate effectiveness of a Si amendment to decrease As uptake by rice depends upon it being able to increase exogenous Si relative to As in porewater after competitive adsorption/desorption processes. Our data further suggest that poorly crystalline Fe and Mn soil pools can retain inorganic As and decrease plant uptake, but these pools in bulk soil and plaque control grain organic As.
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16
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Seyfferth AL, Amaral D, Limmer MA, Guilherme LRG. Combined impacts of Si-rich rice residues and flooding extent on grain As and Cd in rice. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 128:301-309. [PMID: 31077999 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Increasing plant-availability of Si through soil amendment of Si-rich rice residues can decrease inorganic As without affecting Cd levels in grain under flooded soil conditions. However, the impacts of Si amendments on Cd and As uptake by rice under different flooding extents have not been reported. We investigated the effects of different flooding extent on As and Cd uptake by rice and accumulation in grain in well-weathered soil amended with Si-rich rice husk (Husk) or mixed charred/ashed rice husk (Ash). Our results show that Husk and to a lesser extent Ash amendments decreased grain As under both flooded (~40% and 20% decrease, respectively) and nonflooded (~75% decrease) conditions due to increased Si. Under flooded conditions grain As and yield is higher, and Husk amendment additionally decreased grain inorganic As by ~45%. Under nonflooded conditions grain Cd is higher and yield is lower, and Ash amendment decreased grain, husk, and straw Cd by ~40-50% not due to Si, but due to increased aboveground biomass and an increase in soil pH, which helped to retain Cd in soil. These data illustrate that rice residue addition to paddy soil can lower human health risk under both flooded and nonflooded conditions without affecting grain Zn and Fe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelia L Seyfferth
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
| | - Douglas Amaral
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA; Soil Science Department, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | - Matt A Limmer
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Luiz R G Guilherme
- Soil Science Department, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brazil
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17
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Yin N, Wang P, Li Y, Du H, Chen X, Sun G, Cui Y. Arsenic in Rice Bran Products: In Vitro Oral Bioaccessibility, Arsenic Transformation by Human Gut Microbiota, and Human Health Risk Assessment. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:4987-4994. [PMID: 30994339 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Despite rice consumption, rice bran as a byproduct of rice milling contains higher arsenic (As). The present study evaluated the metabolic potency of in vitro cultured human colon microbiota toward As from five rice bran products with 0.471-1.491 mg of As/kg. Arsenic bioaccessibility ranged from 52.8 to 78.8% in the gastric phase, and a 1.2-fold increase (66.0-95.8%) was observed upon the small intestinal phase. Subsequently, a significant decline of As bioaccessibility (11.3-63.6%) and a high methylation percentage of 18.5-79.8% were found in the colon phase. The predominant As species in the solid phase was always As(V) (49.6-63.4%), and As-thiolate complexes increased by 10% at the end of colon incubation. Human gut microbiota could induce As bioaccessibility lowering and As transformation in rice bran, which illustrated the importance of food-bound As metabolism in the human body. This will result in a better understanding of health implications associated with As exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiyi Yin
- College of Resources and Environment , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408 , People's Republic of China
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085 , People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- College of Resources and Environment , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408 , People's Republic of China
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Resources and Environment , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408 , People's Republic of China
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085 , People's Republic of China
| | - Huili Du
- College of Resources and Environment , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408 , People's Republic of China
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochen Chen
- College of Environment and Resources , Fuzhou University , Fuzhou , Fujian 350116 , People's Republic of China
| | - Guoxin Sun
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yanshan Cui
- College of Resources and Environment , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408 , People's Republic of China
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085 , People's Republic of China
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18
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Limmer MA, Wise P, Dykes GE, Seyfferth AL. Silicon Decreases Dimethylarsinic Acid Concentration in Rice Grain and Mitigates Straighthead Disorder. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:4809-4816. [PMID: 29608840 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b00300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
While root Si transporters play a role in the uptake of arsenite and organic As species dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) and monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) in rice ( Oryza sativa L.), the impact of Si addition on the accumulation of DMA and MMA in reproductive tissues has not been directly evaluated, particularly in isolation from inorganic As species. Furthermore, DMA and MMA are suspected causal agents of straighthead disorder. We performed a hydroponic study to disentangle the impact of Si on accumulation of DMA and MMA in rice grain. At 5 μM, MMA was toxic to rice, regardless of Si addition, although Si significantly decreased root MMA concentrations. Plants dosed with 5 μM DMA grew well vegetatively but exhibited straighthead disorder at the lowest Si dose, and this DMA-induced yield loss reversed with increasing solution Si. Increasing Si also significantly decreased DMA concentrations in roots, straw, husk, and grain, particularly in mature plants. Si restricted grain DMA through competition for root uptake and downregulation of root Si transporters particularly at later stages of growth when Si uptake was greatest. Our finding that DMA causes straighthead disorder under low Si availability but not under high Si availability suggests Si as a straighthead management strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Alan Limmer
- Department of Plant & Soil Sciences University of Delaware , Newark , Delaware 19716 , United States
| | - Patrick Wise
- Department of Plant & Soil Sciences University of Delaware , Newark , Delaware 19716 , United States
| | - Gretchen E Dykes
- Department of Plant & Soil Sciences University of Delaware , Newark , Delaware 19716 , United States
| | - Angelia L Seyfferth
- Department of Plant & Soil Sciences University of Delaware , Newark , Delaware 19716 , United States
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19
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Wang X, Harrington PDB. Differentiating Rice Varieties by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry Chemical Profiling with Singular Value Decomposition Background Correction. JOURNAL OF ANALYSIS AND TESTING 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s41664-018-0055-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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20
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Wen SH, Wang Y, Yuan YH, Liang RP, Qiu JD. Electrochemical sensor for arsenite detection using graphene oxide assisted generation of prussian blue nanoparticles as enhanced signal label. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1002:82-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.11.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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21
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Liang RP, Yu LD, Tong YJ, Wen SH, Cao SP, Qiu JD. An ultratrace assay of arsenite based on the synergistic quenching effect of Ru(bpy)32+ and arsenite on the electrochemiluminescence of Au–g-C3N4 nanosheets. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:14001-14004. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc08353c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
An arsenite assay based on the synergistic quenching effect of As(iii) and Ru(bpy)32+ on the ECL of Au–g-C3N4 coupled with the generation of a new ECL signal of Ru(bpy)32+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Ping Liang
- College of Chemistry
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang 330031
- China
| | - Lu-Dan Yu
- College of Chemistry
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang 330031
- China
| | - Yuan-Jun Tong
- College of Chemistry
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang 330031
- China
| | - Shao-Hua Wen
- College of Chemistry
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang 330031
- China
| | - Shu-Ping Cao
- College of Chemistry
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang 330031
- China
| | - Jian-Ding Qiu
- College of Chemistry
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang 330031
- China
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering
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22
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Sadiq N, Huang L, Kaveh F, Beauchemin D. Solid sampling ETV-ICPOES coupled to a nebulization/pre-evaporation system for direct elemental analysis of glutinous rice by external calibration with standard solutions. Food Chem 2017; 237:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.05.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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23
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Teasley WA, Limmer MA, Seyfferth AL. How Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Responds to Elevated As under Different Si-Rich Soil Amendments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:10335-10343. [PMID: 28795805 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b01740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Several strategies exist to mitigate As impacts on rice and each has its set of trade-offs with respect to yield, inorganic As content in grain, and CH4 emissions. The addition of Si to paddy soil can decrease As uptake by rice but how rice will respond to elevated As when soil is amended with Si-rich materials is unresolved. Here, we evaluated yield impacts and grain As content and speciation in rice exposed to elevated As in response to different Si-rich soil amendments including rice husk, rice husk ash, and CaSiO3 in a pot study. We found that As-induced yield losses were alleviated by Husk amendment, partially alleviated by Ash amendment, and not affected by CaSiO3 amendment. Furthermore, Husk was the only tested Si-amendment to significantly decrease grain As concentrations. Husk amendment was likely effective at decreasing grain As and improving yield because it provided more plant-available Si, particularly during the reproductive and ripening phases. Both Husk and Ash provided K, which also played a role in yield improvement. This study demonstrates that while Si-rich amendments can affect rice uptake of As, the kinetics of Si dissolution and nutrient availability can also affect As uptake and toxicity in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A Teasley
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Matthew A Limmer
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Angelia L Seyfferth
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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24
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Duncan EG, Maher WA, Foster SD, Krikowa F, O'Sullivan CA, Roper MM. Dimethylarsenate (DMA) exposure influences germination rates, arsenic uptake and arsenic species formation in wheat. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 181:44-54. [PMID: 28419900 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The contamination of cereals with arsenic (As) is a global health and agronomic concern. This study compared the physiological response, As uptake and As speciation in the grains and above ground tissues of 20 wheat cultivars exposed to 5 mg As kg-1 soil as either arsenate (AsV) or dimethylarsenate (DMA) under glasshouse conditions. Germination rates for the majority of cultivars exceeded 80% for the majority of cultivars when exposed to AsV, but fell significantly to 20-40% when exposed to DMA. For a number of cultivars, grain yields were 20-50% lower when plants were exposed to DMA compared to AsV. Grain As concentrations were between 0.6 and 1.6 μg As g-1 grain across the twenty cultivars when exposed to AsV, whereas grain As concentrations were much higher (2.2-4.6 μg As g-1 grain) when exposed to DMA. When plants were exposed to AsV, 100% of the As present in the grain was found as inorganic As while in plants exposed to DMA, 70-90% of As was present as DMA with the remainder found as inorganic As. DMA is believed to be incorporated by plants via silica (Si) acid channels and assessment of grain Si concentrations demonstrated that up to 40% less Si was accumulated in grains when plants were exposed to DMA. The decreased germination rates and grain yields in the presence of DMA is similar to the symptoms described for straight head disease in rice, which has been linked to DMA exposure. The results presented here indicate some analogous processes occur in wheat to those described in rice. We hypothesise that exposure to DMA may have inhibited Si-metabolism and translocation which resulted in both developmental impairment and possibly an increased susceptibility to soil pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliott G Duncan
- CSIRO Agriculture, Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, Underwood Avenue, Floreat, WA 6014, Australia; Ecochemistry Laboratory, Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, University Drive, Bruce, ACT 2601, Australia.
| | - William A Maher
- Ecochemistry Laboratory, Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, University Drive, Bruce, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Simon D Foster
- Ecochemistry Laboratory, Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, University Drive, Bruce, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Frank Krikowa
- Ecochemistry Laboratory, Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, University Drive, Bruce, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Cathryn A O'Sullivan
- CSIRO Agriculture, Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, Underwood Avenue, Floreat, WA 6014, Australia
| | - Margaret M Roper
- CSIRO Agriculture, Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, Underwood Avenue, Floreat, WA 6014, Australia
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25
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Ciminelli VST, Gasparon M, Ng JC, Silva GC, Caldeira CL. Dietary arsenic exposure in Brazil: The contribution of rice and beans. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 168:996-1003. [PMID: 27836272 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.10.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The human health risk associated with arsenic in food in Southeast Brazil was quantified. Based on the most commonly consumed food types in the Brazilian diet, the maximum inorganic As (iAs) daily intake from food (0.255 μg kg-1 body weight per day) is approximately 9% of the Benchmark Dose Lower Limit (BMDL0.5) of 3 μg kg-1 body weight per day set by the World Health Organization (WHO) and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Joint Expert Committee in Food Additives (JECFA). When water is included, the contribution of food to the total intake varies from 96.9% to 39.7%. Rice and beans, the main Brazilian staple food, contribute between 67 and 90% of the total As intake from food (46-79% from rice and 11-23% from beans). The substantial contribution of beans to total As food intake is reported for the first time. The broad range of As concentrations in rice and beans highlights the variable and potentially large contribution of both to As food intake in places where diet consists largely of these two food categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia S T Ciminelli
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Belo Horizonte 31270901, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology on Minerals Resources, Water and Biodiversity, INCT-Acqua, Brazil.
| | - Massimo Gasparon
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Minerals Resources, Water and Biodiversity, INCT-Acqua, Brazil; The University of Queensland, School of Earth Sciences, St Lucia 4072, Australia.
| | - Jack C Ng
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Minerals Resources, Water and Biodiversity, INCT-Acqua, Brazil; The University of Queensland, National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology (Entox), Member of Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Science (QAEHS), Brisbane 4108, Australia.
| | - Gabriela C Silva
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Minerals Resources, Water and Biodiversity, INCT-Acqua, Brazil
| | - Claudia L Caldeira
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Belo Horizonte 31270901, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology on Minerals Resources, Water and Biodiversity, INCT-Acqua, Brazil
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26
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Cubadda F, Jackson BP, Cottingham KL, Van Horne YO, Kurzius-Spencer M. Human exposure to dietary inorganic arsenic and other arsenic species: State of knowledge, gaps and uncertainties. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 579:1228-1239. [PMID: 27914647 PMCID: PMC5207036 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.11.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic arsenic (iAs) is ubiquitous in the environment as arsenite (AsIII) and arsenate (AsV) compounds and biotransformation of these toxic chemicals leads to the extraordinary variety of organoarsenic species found in nature. Despite classification as a human carcinogen based on data from populations exposed through contaminated drinking water, only recently has a need for regulatory limits on iAs in food been recognized. The delay was due to the difficulty in risk assessment of dietary iAs, which critically relies on speciation analysis providing occurrence data for iAs in food - and not simply for total arsenic. In the present review the state of knowledge regarding arsenic speciation in food and diet is evaluated with focus on iAs and human exposure assessment through different dietary approaches including duplicate diet studies, market basket surveys, and total diet studies. The analytical requirements for obtaining reliable data for iAs in food are discussed and iAs levels in foods and beverages are summarized, along with information on other (potentially) toxic co-occurring organoarsenic compounds. Quantitative exposure assessment of iAs in food is addressed, focusing on the need of capturing variability and extent of exposure and identifying what dietary items drive very high exposure for certain population groups. Finally, gaps and uncertainties are discussed, including effect of processing and cooking, and iAs bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Cubadda
- Department of Food Safety and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità-Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy.
| | - Brian P Jackson
- Department of Earth Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
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27
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Llorente-Mirandes T, Rubio R, López-Sánchez JF. Inorganic Arsenic Determination in Food: A Review of Analytical Proposals and Quality Assessment Over the Last Six Years. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 71:25-69. [PMID: 28033722 DOI: 10.1177/0003702816652374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Here we review recent developments in analytical proposals for the assessment of inorganic arsenic (iAs) content in food products. Interest in the determination of iAs in products for human consumption such as food commodities, wine, and seaweed among others is fueled by the wide recognition of its toxic effects on humans, even at low concentrations. Currently, the need for robust and reliable analytical methods is recognized by various international safety and health agencies, and by organizations in charge of establishing acceptable tolerance levels of iAs in food. This review summarizes the state of the art of analytical methods while highlighting tools for the assessment of quality assessment of the results, such as the production and evaluation of certified reference materials (CRMs) and the availability of specific proficiency testing (PT) programmes. Because the number of studies dedicated to the subject of this review has increased considerably over recent years, the sources consulted and cited here are limited to those from 2010 to the end of 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roser Rubio
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Spain
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28
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Chávez-Capilla T, Maher W, Kelly T, Foster S. Evaluation of the ability of arsenic species to traverse cell membranes by simple diffusion using octanol-water and liposome-water partition coefficients. J Environ Sci (China) 2016; 49:222-232. [PMID: 29216971 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic metabolism in living organisms is dependent on the ability of different arsenic species to traverse biological membranes. Simple diffusion provides an alternative influx and efflux route to mediated transport mechanisms that can increase the amount of arsenic available for metabolism in cells. Using octanol-water and liposome-water partition coefficients, the ability of arsenous acid, arsenate, methylarsonate, dimethylarsinate, thio-methylarsonate, thio-dimethylarsinic acid, arsenotriglutathione and monomethylarsonic diglutathione to diffuse through the lipid bilayer of cell membranes was investigated. Molecular modelling of arsenic species was used to explain the results. All arsenic species with the exception of arsenate, methylarsonate and thio-methylarsonate were able to diffuse through the lipid bilayer of liposomes, with liposome-water partition coefficients between 0.04 and 0.13. Trivalent arsenic species and thio-pentavalent arsenic species showed higher partition coefficients, suggesting that they can easily traverse cell membranes by passive simple diffusion. Given the higher toxicity of these species compared to oxo-pentavalent arsenic species, this study provides evidence supporting the risk associated with human exposure to trivalent and thio-arsenic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Chávez-Capilla
- Ecochemistry Laboratory, Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
| | - William Maher
- Ecochemistry Laboratory, Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Tamsin Kelly
- National Centre for Forensic Studies, Faculty of Education, Science, Technology and Mathematics, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Simon Foster
- Ecochemistry Laboratory, Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
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Seyfferth AL, McClatchy C, Paukett M. Arsenic, Lead, and Cadmium in U.S. Mushrooms and Substrate in Relation to Dietary Exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:9661-70. [PMID: 27484977 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b02133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Wild mushrooms can absorb high quantities of metal(loid)s, yet the concentration, speciation, and localization of As, Pb, and Cd in cultivated mushrooms, particularly in the United States, are unresolved. We collected 40 samples of 12 types of raw mushrooms from 2 geographic locations that produce the majority of marketable U.S. mushrooms and analyzed the total As, Pb, and Cd content, the speciation and localization of As in select samples, and assessed the metal sources and substrate-to-fruit transfer at one representative farm. Cremini mushrooms contained significantly higher total As concentrations than Shiitake and localized the As differently; while As in Cremini was distributed throughout the fruiting body, it was localized to the hymenophore region in Shiitake. Cd was significantly higher in Royal Trumpet than in White Button, Cremini, and Portobello, while no difference was observed in Pb levels among the mushrooms. Concentrations of As, Pb, and Cd were less than 1 μg g(-1) d.w. in all mushroom samples, and the overall risk of As, Cd, and Pb intake from mushroom consumption is low in the U.S. However, higher percentages of tolerable intake levels are observed when calculating risk based on single serving-sizes or when substrate contains elevated levels of metal(loid)s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelia L Seyfferth
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Colleen McClatchy
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Michelle Paukett
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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Bioaccessibility and degradation of naturally occurring arsenic species from food in the human gastrointestinal tract. Food Chem 2016; 212:189-97. [PMID: 27374523 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.05.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Humans are exposed to organic arsenic species through their diet and therefore, are susceptible to arsenic toxicity. Investigating the transformations occurring in the gastrointestinal tract will influence which arsenic species to focus on when studying metabolism in cells. Using a physiologically based extraction test, the bioaccessibility of arsenic species was determined after the simulated gastrointestinal digestion of rice, seaweed and fish. Pure standards of the major arsenic species present in these foodstuffs (arsenic glutathione complexes, arsenosugars and short chain fatty acids) were also evaluated to assess the effect of the food matrix on bioaccessibility and transformation. Approximately 80% of arsenic is released from these foodstuffs, potentially becoming available. Hydrolysis and demethylation of arsenic glutathione complexes and arsenosugars standards was observed, but no transformations occurred to arsenosugars present in seaweed. Demethylation of MA and DMA from rice occurs increasing the amount of inorganic arsenic species available for metabolism.
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31
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Seyfferth AL, Morris AH, Gill R, Kearns KA, Mann JN, Paukett M, Leskanic C. Soil Incorporation of Silica-Rich Rice Husk Decreases Inorganic Arsenic in Rice Grain. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:3760-6. [PMID: 27109244 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b01201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic decreases rice yield, and inorganic grain As threatens human health; thus, strategies to decrease rice As are critically needed. Increased plant-available silica (Si) can decrease rice As, yet the source of Si matters. Rice husk, an underutilized and Si-rich byproduct of rice production that contains less labile C and an order of magnitude less As than rice straw, may be an economically viable Si resource to decrease rice As, yet the impact of rice husk incorporation on As in the rice-soil nexus has not been reported. This proof-of-concept study shows that rice husk incorporation to soil (1% w/w) decreases inorganic grain As by 25-50% without negatively affecting grain Cd, yield, or dissolved CH4 levels. Rice husk is a critical yet perhaps overlooked resource to improve soil quality through enhanced nutrient availability and attenuate human health risks through consumption of As-laden grain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelia L Seyfferth
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Andrew H Morris
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Rattandeep Gill
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Kelli A Kearns
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Jessica N Mann
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Michelle Paukett
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Corey Leskanic
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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32
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Sadee BA, Foulkes ME, Hill SJ. An evaluation of extraction techniques for arsenic in staple diets (fish and rice) utilising both classical and enzymatic extraction methods. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2016; 33:433-41. [PMID: 26760914 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2015.1132479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Enzymatic extraction methods were evaluated with classical extraction approaches for the determination of arsenic in food. The extraction efficiency for total arsenic was determined by analysing CRM materials DORM-3 fish protein, NIES 106 rice flour and GBW10015 spinach. These were compared with total arsenic concentration determined using microwave-assisted acid digestion and ICP-MS. The total arsenic concentrations in the CRM materials were in good agreement with the certified values. Enzymatic hydrolysis using trypsin has been successfully employed to extract arsenic species in DORM-3 and fish samples. Whilst this method of hydrolysing the proteins worked well for the fish samples, an alternative approach was required to facilitate the digestion of cellulose in plant materials. However, enzymatic extraction using cellulase was found to give unsatisfactory results for both the NIES and GBW10015 CRM materials. Dilute nitric acid (1% HNO3) was found to give a more efficient extraction for arsenic species in the same CRM materials and rice samples. The study was extended to evaluate a range of real samples. Total arsenic concentrations in 13 different types of fish tissue were determined following microwave-assisted acid digestion using nitric acid/hydrogen peroxide, followed by measurement using HPLC-ICP-MS for speciation analysis. The results obtained for fish were in the range of 3.53-98.80 µg g(-1) As (dry weight). Similarly, the results of 17 rice samples were in the range of 0.054-0.823 µg g(-1). This study demonstrates the importance of selecting an appropriate extraction technique for the quantitative measurement of arsenic species in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashdar A Sadee
- a School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences , University of Plymouth , Plymouth , UK
| | - Mike E Foulkes
- a School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences , University of Plymouth , Plymouth , UK
| | - Steve J Hill
- a School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences , University of Plymouth , Plymouth , UK
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Jackson BP, Punshon T. Recent Advances in the Measurement of Arsenic, Cadmium, and Mercury in Rice and Other Foods. Curr Environ Health Rep 2016; 2:15-24. [PMID: 25938012 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-014-0035-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Trace element analysis of foods is of increasing importance because of raised consumer awareness and the need to evaluate and establish regulatory guidelines for toxic trace metals and metalloids. This paper reviews recent advances in the analysis of trace elements in food, including challenges, state-of-the-art methods, and use of spatially resolved techniques for localizing the distribution of arsenic and mercury within rice grains. Total elemental analysis of foods is relatively well-established, but the push for ever lower detection limits requires that methods be robust from potential matrix interferences, which can be particularly severe for food. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is the method of choice, allowing for multi-element and highly sensitive analyses. For arsenic, speciation analysis is necessary because the inorganic forms are more likely to be subject to regulatory limits. Chromatographic techniques coupled to ICP-MS are most often used for arsenic speciation, and a range of methods now exist for a variety of different arsenic species in different food matrices. Speciation and spatial analysis of foods, especially rice, can also be achieved with synchrotron techniques. Sensitive analytical techniques and methodological advances provide robust methods for the assessment of several metals in animal- and plant-based foods, particularly for arsenic, cadmium, and mercury in rice and arsenic speciation in foodstuffs.
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Abstract
Arsenic is an element of concern given its toxicological significance, even at low concentrations. Food is a potential route of exposure to inorganic arsenic and in this regard arsenic in rice is associated with soil contamination, fertilizer application, and the use of arsenic-containing irrigation water. Therefore, there is a need to investigate the regional rice crops with a view to future discussions on the need for possible regulatory measures. Several studies have reported high concentrations of arsenic in rice grown in soils irrigated with contaminated water; however, procedures used, including sample pretreatment and preconcentration steps, have to be followed to ensure sensitivity, accuracy, and reproducibility. Arsenic is a difficult element to measure in complex matrices, such as foods, because the matrix must be destroyed at an elevated temperature without the loss of the analyte or contamination. This review summarizes the major methods for the determination of arsenic in rice samples. The main purpose of this review is to provide an update on the recent literature concerning the strategies for the determination of arsenic and to critically discuss their advantages and weaknesses. These difficulties are described along with recent developments aimed at overcoming these potential issues.
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TEROL A, MARCINKOWSKA M, ARDINI F, GROTTI M. Fast Determination of Toxic Arsenic Species in Food Samples Using Narrow-bore High-Performance Liquid-Chromatography Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. ANAL SCI 2016; 32:911-5. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.32.911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda TEROL
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genoa
| | - Monika MARCINKOWSKA
- Department of Trace Element Analysis by Spectroscopy Method, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan
| | - Francisco ARDINI
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genoa
| | - Marco GROTTI
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genoa
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36
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Vijayan P, Willick IR, Lahlali R, Karunakaran C, Tanino KK. Synchrotron Radiation Sheds Fresh Light on Plant Research: The Use of Powerful Techniques to Probe Structure and Composition of Plants. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 56:1252-63. [PMID: 26117844 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcv080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
While synchrotron radiation is a powerful tool in material and biomedical sciences, it is still underutilized in plant research. This mini review attempts to introduce the potential of synchrotron-based spectroscopic and imaging methods and their applications to plant sciences. Synchrotron-based Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray absorption and fluorescence techniques, and two- and three-dimensional imaging techniques are examined. We also discuss the limitations of synchrotron-based research in plant sciences, specifically the types of plant samples that can be used. Despite limitations, the unique features of synchrotron radiation such as high brightness, polarization and pulse properties offer great advantages over conventional spectroscopic and imaging tools and enable the correlation of the structure and chemical composition of plants with biochemical function. Modern detector technologies and experimental methodologies are thus enabling plant scientists to investigate aspects of plant sciences such as ultrafast kinetics of biochemical reactions, mineral uptake, transport and accumulation, and dynamics of cell wall structure and composition during environmental stress in unprecedented ways using synchrotron beamlines. The potential for the automation of some of these synchrotron technologies and their application to plant phenotyping is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Permual Vijayan
- Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, S7N 5A8, Canada Canadian Light Source, 44 Innovation Boulevard, Saskatoon, S7N 2V3, Canada
| | - Ian R Willick
- Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Rachid Lahlali
- Canadian Light Source, 44 Innovation Boulevard, Saskatoon, S7N 2V3, Canada
| | | | - Karen K Tanino
- Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, S7N 5A8, Canada
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37
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Tinggi U, Schoendorfer N, Scheelings P, Yang X, Jurd S, Robinson A, Smith K, Piispanen J. Arsenic in rice and diets of children. FOOD ADDITIVES & CONTAMINANTS PART B-SURVEILLANCE 2015; 8:149-56. [DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2015.1009177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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38
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Qu H, Mudalige TK, Linder SW. Arsenic speciation in rice by capillary electrophoresis/inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry: enzyme-assisted water-phase microwave digestion. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:3153-3160. [PMID: 25751525 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b00446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report an analytical methodology for the quantification of common arsenic species in rice and rice cereal using capillary electrophoresis coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (CE-ICPMS). An enzyme (i.e., α-amylase)-assisted water-phase microwave extraction procedure was used to extract four common arsenic species, including dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), arsenite [As(III)], and arsenate [As(V)] from the rice matrices. The addition of the enzyme α-amylase during the extraction process was necessary to reduce the sample viscosity, which subsequently increased the injection volume and enhanced the signal response. o-Arsanilic acid (o-ASA) was added to the sample solution as a mobility marker and internal standard. The obtained repeatability [i.e., relative standard deviation (RSD %)] of the four arsenic analytes of interest was less than 1.23% for elution time and 2.91% for peak area. The detection limits were determined to be 0.15-0.27 ng g(-1). Rice standard reference materials SRM 1568b and CRM 7503-a were used to validate this method. The quantitative concentrations of each organic arsenic and summed inorganic arsenic were found within 5% difference of the certified values of the two reference materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiou Qu
- Arkansas Regional Laboratory, Office of Regulatory Affairs, United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, United States
| | - Thilak K Mudalige
- Arkansas Regional Laboratory, Office of Regulatory Affairs, United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, United States
| | - Sean W Linder
- Arkansas Regional Laboratory, Office of Regulatory Affairs, United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, United States
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39
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Welna M, Szymczycha-Madeja A, Pohl P. Comparison of strategies for sample preparation prior to spectrometric measurements for determination and speciation of arsenic in rice. Trends Analyt Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2014.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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40
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Campbell RCJ, Stephens WE, Finch AA, Geraki K. Controls on the valence species of arsenic in tobacco smoke: XANES investigation with implications for health and regulation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:3449-56. [PMID: 24521490 DOI: 10.1021/es4039243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is one of four metals/metalloids in tobacco being considered for regulation. In vitro toxicological response to As varies substantially, determined primarily by valence and compound speciation, and inorganic arsenite (As(III)) compounds are the most toxic to humans. This study uses X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) to determine valence states of As from the tobacco plant to the crucial combustion stage that creates respirable smoke. Samples studied include cultivated plants (some burdened with additional As), reference standards, and commercial products, along with smoke condensate and ash from these samples. The relative contributions of As(III) and As(V) to the XANES spectra are analyzed, and a consistent pattern of redox changes emerges. Tobacco leaf and manufactured products tend to be dominated by As(V) whereas combustion produces respirable smoke invariably in As(III) form and ash invariably as As(V). The valence state of precursor tobacco is not a controlling factor because all the As mobilized in smoke is reduced during combustion. This study concludes that tobacco combustion exposes smokers to potentially the most toxic forms of arsenic, and this exposure is magnified in regions where arsenic is present in tobacco crops at relatively high concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert C J Campbell
- Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of St. Andrews , Irvine Building, North Street, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9AL, U.K
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41
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Gräfe M, Donner E, Collins RN, Lombi E. Speciation of metal(loid)s in environmental samples by X-ray absorption spectroscopy: a critical review. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 822:1-22. [PMID: 24725743 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Element specificity is one of the key factors underlying the widespread use and acceptance of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) as a research tool in the environmental and geo-sciences. Independent of physical state (solid, liquid, gas), XAS analyses of metal(loid)s in complex environmental matrices over the past two decades have provided important information about speciation at environmentally relevant interfaces (e.g. solid-liquid) as well as in different media: plant tissues, rhizosphere, soils, sediments, ores, mineral process tailings, etc. Limited sample preparation requirements, the concomitant ability to preserve original physical and chemical states, and independence from crystallinity add to the advantages of using XAS in environmental investigations. Interpretations of XAS data are founded on sound physical and statistical models that can be applied to spectra of reference materials and mixed phases, respectively. For spectra collected directly from environmental matrices, abstract factor analysis and linear combination fitting provide the means to ascertain chemical, bonding, and crystalline states, and to extract quantitative information about their distribution within the data set. Through advances in optics, detectors, and data processing, X-ray fluorescence microprobes capable of focusing X-rays to micro- and nano-meter size have become competitive research venues for resolving the complexity of environmental samples at their inherent scale. The application of μ-XANES imaging, a new combinatorial approach of X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and XANES spectroscopy at the micron scale, is one of the latest technological advances allowing for lateral resolution of chemical states over wide areas due to vastly improved data processing and detector technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Gräfe
- Division of Process Science and Engineering, Commonwealth Scientific Industrial Research Organisation, Australian Minerals Research Centre, 7 Conlon Street, Waterford, WA 6152, Australia.
| | - Erica Donner
- Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, University of South Australia, Building X, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia; CRC-CARE, P.O. Box 486, Salisbury, SA 5106, Australia
| | - Richard N Collins
- UNSW Water Research Centre, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Enzo Lombi
- Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, University of South Australia, Building X, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
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42
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Zhao FJ, Moore KL, Lombi E, Zhu YG. Imaging element distribution and speciation in plant cells. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2014; 19:183-92. [PMID: 24394523 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
To maintain cellular homeostasis, concentrations, chemical speciation, and localization of mineral nutrients and toxic trace elements need to be regulated. Imaging the cellular and subcellular localization of elements and measuring their in situ chemical speciation are challenging tasks that can be undertaken using synchrotron-based techniques, such as X-ray fluorescence and X-ray absorption spectrometry, and mass spectrometry-based techniques, such as secondary ion mass spectrometry and laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. We review the advantages and limitations of these techniques, and discuss examples of their applications, which have revealed highly heterogeneous distribution patterns of elements in different cell types, often varying in chemical speciation. Combining these techniques with molecular genetic approaches can unravel functions of genes involved in element homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Jie Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK.
| | - Katie L Moore
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PH, UK
| | - Enzo Lombi
- Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, University of South Australia, Building X, Mawson Lakes Campus, Mawson Lakes, South Australia SA-5095, Australia
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
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Musil S, Pétursdóttir ÁH, Raab A, Gunnlaugsdóttir H, Krupp E, Feldmann J. Speciation without chromatography using selective hydride generation: inorganic arsenic in rice and samples of marine origin. Anal Chem 2014; 86:993-9. [PMID: 24354293 DOI: 10.1021/ac403438c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Because of the toxicity of inorganic arsenic (iAs), only iAs needs to be monitored in food and feedstuff. This demands the development of easy and quick analytical methods to screen large number of samples. This work focuses on hydride generation (HG) coupled with an ICPMS as an arsenic detector where the HG is added as a selective step to determine iAs in the gaseous phase while organically bound As remains in the solution. iAs forms volatile arsine species with high efficiency when treated with NaBH4 at acidic conditions, whereas most other organoarsenic compounds do not form any or only less volatile arsines. Additionally, using high concentrations of HCl further reduces the production of the less volatile arsines and iAs is almost exclusively formed, therefore enabling to measure iAs without a prior step of species separation using chromatography. Here, we coupled a commercially available HG system to an ICPMS and optimized for determination of iAs in rice and samples of marine origin using different acid concentrations, wet and dry plasma conditions, and different reaction gas modes. Comparing this method to conventional HPLC-ICPMS, no statistical difference in iAs concentration was found and comparable limits of detections were achieved using less than half the instrument time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Musil
- TESLA-Trace Element Speciation Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen , Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, Scotland, U.K
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Jensen-Fontaine M, Norwood WP, Brown M, Dixon DG, Le XC. Uptake and speciation of vanadium in the benthic invertebrate Hyalella azteca. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2013; 48:731-738. [PMID: 24295153 DOI: 10.1021/es403252k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Vanadium has the potential to leach into the environment from petroleum coke, an oil sands byproduct. To determine uptake of vanadium species in the biota, we exposed the benthic invertebrate Hyalella azteca with increasing concentrations of two different vanadium species, V(IV) and V(V), for seven days. The concentrations of vanadium in the H. azteca tissue increased with the concentration of vanadium in the exposure water. Speciation analysis revealed that V(IV) in the exposure water was oxidized to V(V) between renewal periods, and therefore the animals were mostly exposed to V(V). Speciation analysis of the H. azteca tissue showed the presence of V(V), V(IV), and an unidentified vanadium species. These results indicate the uptake and metabolism of vanadium by H. azteca. Because H. azteca are widely distributed in freshwater systems and are an important food supply for many fish, determining the uptake and metabolism of vanadium allows for a better understanding of the potential environmental effects on invertebrates.
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