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Harvey L, Schweins R, Morfin I, Chahine G, Brotons G, Bouteiller L, Nicol E, Colombani O. Photo-responsive supramolecular polymer bottle-brushes: The key role of the solvent on self-assembly and responsiveness. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 670:409-416. [PMID: 38772257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Supramolecular polymer bottlebrushes (SPBs) consist in the 1D self-assembly of building blocks composed of a self-assembling core with pendant polymer arms. Kinetic hurdles often hinder their stimuli-responsiveness in solution. Changing the nature of the solvent should alleviate these hurdles by modulating the self-association strength, leading to stimuli-responsive SPBs. EXPERIMENTS The SPBs were formed, in various solvents, by hydrogen bond-driven self-assembly of an azobenzene-bisurea decorated with poly(ethylene oxide) polymer arms. The photo-isomerization of the azobenzene unit was studied by UV/visible spectroscopy and proton NMR spectroscopy, whereas the consequences on supramolecular self-assembly were studied by small angle neutron and X-ray scattering. FINDINGS In water, the assembly was previously shown to be driven by both hydrogen-bonds and strong hydrophobic effects, the latter rendering the system kinetically frozen and the disassembly irreversible. Here we show that in organic solvents such as toluene or chloroform, reversible light-responsive dissociation is achieved. Solvophobic effects in these solvents are expected to be much weaker than in water, which probably allows reversibility of the light-response in the former solvents. The key role of the solvent on the reversibility of the process opens up new perspectives for the design of stimuli-responsive SPBs and their applications in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Harvey
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), UMR 6283 CNRS, Le Mans Université, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 9, France.
| | - Ralf Schweins
- Institut Max von Laue - Paul Langevin, DS / LSS, 71 Av. des Martyrs, F-38042 Grenoble, France.
| | | | - Gilbert Chahine
- SIMaP, Grenoble INP, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Guillaume Brotons
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), UMR 6283 CNRS, Le Mans Université, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 9, France.
| | - Laurent Bouteiller
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Equipe Chimie des Polymères, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - Erwan Nicol
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), UMR 6283 CNRS, Le Mans Université, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 9, France.
| | - Olivier Colombani
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), UMR 6283 CNRS, Le Mans Université, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 9, France.
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2
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Wang X, Gao Z, Tian W. An enzymolysis-induced energy transfer co-assembled system for spontaneously recoverable supramolecular dynamic memory. Chem Sci 2024; 15:11084-11091. [PMID: 39027284 PMCID: PMC11253121 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc02756f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The continuing growth of the digital world requires new ways of constructing memory devices to process and store dynamic data, because the current ones suffer from inefficiency, limited reads, and difficulty to manufacture. Here we propose a supramolecular dynamic memory (SDM) strategy based on an enzymolysis-induced energy transfer co-assembly derived from a naphthalene-based cationic monomer and organic dye sulforhodamine 101, enabling the construction of spontaneously recoverable dynamic memory devices. Benefitting from the large exciton migration rate (4.48 × 1015 L mol-1 s-1) between the monomer and sulforhodamine 101, the energy transfer process between the two is effectively achieved. Since alkaline phosphatase can selectively hydrolyze adenosine triphosphate, leading to the disruption of the co-assemblies, an enzyme-mediated time-dependent fluorochromic system is realized. On this basis, a SDM system featuring spontaneous recovery and enabling the memory of dynamic information in optical and electrical modes is successfully constructed. The current study represents a promising step in the nascent development of supramolecular materials for computational systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanyu Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 P. R. China
| | - Zhao Gao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 P. R. China
| | - Wei Tian
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 P. R. China
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3
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Xu F, Su H, van der Tol JJB, Jansen SAH, Fu Y, Lavarda G, Vantomme G, Meskers S, Meijer EW. Supramolecular Polymerization as a Tool to Reveal the Magnetic Transition Dipole Moment of Heptazines. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:15843-15849. [PMID: 38815616 PMCID: PMC11177250 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Heptazine derivatives have attracted significant interest due to their small S1-T1 gap, which contributes to their unique electronic and optical properties. However, the nature of the lowest excited state remains ambiguous. In the present study, we characterize the lowest optical transition of heptazine by its magnetic transition dipole moment. To measure the magnetic transition dipole moment, the flat heptazine must be chiroptically active, which is difficult to achieve for single heptazine molecules. Therefore, we used supramolecular polymerization as an approach to make homochiral stacks of heptazine derivatives. Upon formation of the supramolecular polymers, the preferred helical stacking of heptazine introduces circular polarization of absorption and fluorescence. The magnetic transition dipole moments for the S1 ← S0 and S1 → S0 are determined to be 0.35 and 0.36 Bohr magneton, respectively. These high values of magnetic transition dipole moments support the intramolecular charge transfer nature of the lowest excited state from nitrogen to carbon in heptazine and further confirm the degeneracy of S1 and T1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Xu
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and
Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University
of Technology, Eindhoven 5600 MB, Netherlands
| | - Hao Su
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and
Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University
of Technology, Eindhoven 5600 MB, Netherlands
- College
of Polymer Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer
Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Joost J. B. van der Tol
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and
Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University
of Technology, Eindhoven 5600 MB, Netherlands
| | - Stef A. H. Jansen
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and
Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University
of Technology, Eindhoven 5600 MB, Netherlands
| | - Youxin Fu
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh4, Groningen 9747AG, Netherlands
| | - Giulia Lavarda
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and
Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University
of Technology, Eindhoven 5600 MB, Netherlands
| | - Ghislaine Vantomme
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and
Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University
of Technology, Eindhoven 5600 MB, Netherlands
| | - Stefan Meskers
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems and Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven 5600 MB, Netherlands
| | - E. W. Meijer
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and
Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University
of Technology, Eindhoven 5600 MB, Netherlands
- School
of Chemistry and RNA Institute, UNSW, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
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4
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Liu J, Huang YS, Liu Y, Zhang D, Koynov K, Butt HJ, Wu S. Reconfiguring hydrogel assemblies using a photocontrolled metallopolymer adhesive for multiple customized functions. Nat Chem 2024; 16:1024-1033. [PMID: 38459235 PMCID: PMC11164683 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-024-01476-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive hydrogels with programmable shape changes are promising materials for soft robots, four-dimensional printing, biomedical devices and artificial intelligence systems. However, these applications require the fabrication of hydrogels with complex, heterogeneous and reconfigurable structures and customizable functions. Here we report the fabrication of hydrogel assemblies with these features by reversibly gluing hydrogel units using a photocontrolled metallopolymer adhesive. The metallopolymer adhesive firmly attached individual hydrogel units via metal-ligand coordination and polymer chain entanglement. Hydrogel assemblies containing temperature- and pH-responsive hydrogel units showed controllable shape changes and motions in response to these external stimuli. To reconfigure their structures, the hydrogel assemblies were disassembled by irradiating the metallopolymer adhesive with light; the disassembled hydrogel units were then reassembled using the metallopolymer adhesive with heating. The shape change and structure reconfiguration abilities allow us to reprogramme the functions of hydrogel assemblies. The development of reconfigurable hydrogel assemblies using reversible adhesives provides a strategy for designing intelligent materials and soft robots with user-defined functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Liu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Anhui Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany
| | - Yun-Shuai Huang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Anhui Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yazhi Liu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Anhui Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dachuan Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Anhui Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Kaloian Koynov
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Si Wu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Anhui Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
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5
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Xu F, Sheng J, Stindt CN, Crespi S, Danowski W, Hilbers MF, Buma WJ, Feringa BL. All-visible-light-driven stiff-stilbene photoswitches. Chem Sci 2024; 15:6763-6769. [PMID: 38725493 PMCID: PMC11077541 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc00983e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Molecular photoswitches are potent tools to construct dynamic functional systems and responsive materials that can be controlled in a non-invasive manner. As P-type photoswitches, stiff-stilbenes attract increasing interest, owing to their superiority in quantum yield, significant geometric differences between isomers, excellent thermostability and robust switching behavior. Nevertheless, the UV-light-triggered photoisomerization of stiff-stilbenes has been a main drawback for decades as UV light is potentially harmful and has low penetration depth. Here, we provided a series of para-formylated stiff-stilbenes by Rieche ortho-formylation to achieve all-visible-light-responsiveness. Additional phenolic groups provide access to late-stage chemical modification facilitating design of molecules responsive to visible light. Remarkably, the photoisomerization of aldehyde-appended stiff-stilbenes could be fully manipulated using visible light, accompanied by a high photostationary state (PSS) distribution. These features render them excellent candidates for future visible-light-controllable smart materials and dynamic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Xu
- Center for System Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Jinyu Sheng
- Center for System Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte N Stindt
- Center for System Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Stefano Crespi
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University Box 523 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Wojciech Danowski
- University of Strasbourg CNRS ISIS UMR 7006, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge Strasbourg F-67000 France
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw Pasteura 1 02-093 Warsaw Poland
| | - Michiel F Hilbers
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Wybren Jan Buma
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Radboud University Toernooiveld 7c, 6525 ED Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Center for System Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
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6
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Martínez-Orts M, Pujals S. Responsive Supramolecular Polymers for Diagnosis and Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4077. [PMID: 38612886 PMCID: PMC11012635 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive supramolecular polymers are ordered nanosized materials that are held together by non-covalent interactions (hydrogen-bonding, metal-ligand coordination, π-stacking and, host-guest interactions) and can reversibly undergo self-assembly. Their non-covalent nature endows supramolecular polymers with the ability to respond to external stimuli (temperature, light, ultrasound, electric/magnetic field) or environmental changes (temperature, pH, redox potential, enzyme activity), making them attractive candidates for a variety of biomedical applications. To date, supramolecular research has largely evolved in the development of smart water-soluble self-assemblies with the aim of mimicking the biological function of natural supramolecular systems. Indeed, there is a wide variety of synthetic biomaterials formulated with responsiveness to control and trigger, or not to trigger, aqueous self-assembly. The design of responsive supramolecular polymers ranges from the use of hydrophobic cores (i.e., benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide) to the introduction of macrocyclic hosts (i.e., cyclodextrins). In this review, we summarize the most relevant advances achieved in the design of stimuli-responsive supramolecular systems used to control transport and release of both diagnosis agents and therapeutic drugs in order to prevent, diagnose, and treat human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Silvia Pujals
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain;
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7
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van Ewijk C, Xu F, Maity S, Sheng J, Stuart MCA, Feringa BL, Roos WH. Light-Triggered Disassembly of Molecular Motor-based Supramolecular Polymers Revealed by High-Speed AFM. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319387. [PMID: 38372499 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Photoresponsive supramolecular polymers have a major potential for applications in responsive materials that are externally triggered by light with spatio-temporal control of their polymerisation state. While changes in macroscopic properties revealed the adaptive nature of these materials, it remains challenging to capture the dynamic depolymerisation process at the molecular level, which requires fast observation techniques combined with in situ irradiation. By implementing in situ UV illumination into a High-Speed Atomic Force Microscope (HS-AFM) setup, we have been able to capture the disassembly of a light-driven molecular motor-based supramolecular polymer. The real-time visualisation of the light-triggered disassembly process not only reveals cooperative depolymerisation, it also shows that this process continues after illumination is halted. Combining the data with cryo-electron microscopy and spectroscopy approaches, we obtain a molecular-level description of the motor-based polymer dynamics reminiscent of actin chain-end depolymerisation. Our detailed understanding of supramolecular depolymerisation will drive the development of future responsive polymer systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris van Ewijk
- Molecular Biophysics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The, Netherlands
| | - Fan Xu
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The, Netherlands
| | - Sourav Maity
- Molecular Biophysics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The, Netherlands
| | - Jinyu Sheng
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The, Netherlands
| | - Marc C A Stuart
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The, Netherlands
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The, Netherlands
| | - Wouter H Roos
- Molecular Biophysics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The, Netherlands
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8
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Deng Y, Long G, Zhang Y, Zhao W, Zhou G, Feringa BL, Chen J. Photo-responsive functional materials based on light-driven molecular motors. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2024; 13:63. [PMID: 38429259 PMCID: PMC10907585 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01391-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
In the past two decades, the research and development of light-triggered molecular machines have mainly focused on developing molecular devices at the nanoscale. A key scientific issue in the field is how to amplify the controlled motion of molecules at the nanoscale along multiple length scales, such as the mesoscopic or the macroscopic scale, or in a more practical perspective, how to convert molecular motion into changes of properties of a macroscopic material. Light-driven molecular motors are able to perform repetitive unidirectional rotation upon irradiation, which offers unique opportunities for responsive macroscopic systems. With several reviews that focus on the design, synthesis and operation of the motors at the nanoscale, photo-responsive macroscopic materials based on light-driven molecular motors have not been comprehensively summarized. In the present review, we first discuss the strategy of confining absolute molecular rotation into relative rotation by grafting motors on surfaces. Secondly, examples of self-assemble motors in supramolecular polymers with high internal order are illustrated. Moreover, we will focus on building of motors in a covalently linked system such as polymeric gels and polymeric liquid crystals to generate complex responsive functions. Finally, a perspective toward future developments and opportunities is given. This review helps us getting a more and more clear picture and understanding on how complex movement can be programmed in light-responsive systems and how man-made adaptive materials can be invented, which can serve as an important guideline for further design of complex and advanced responsive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Deng
- SCNU-UG International Joint Laboratory of Molecular Science and Displays, National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Guiying Long
- SCNU-UG International Joint Laboratory of Molecular Science and Displays, National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yang Zhang
- SCNU-UG International Joint Laboratory of Molecular Science and Displays, National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- SCNU-UG International Joint Laboratory of Molecular Science and Displays, National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Guofu Zhou
- SCNU-UG International Joint Laboratory of Molecular Science and Displays, National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ben L Feringa
- SCNU-UG International Joint Laboratory of Molecular Science and Displays, National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Jiawen Chen
- SCNU-UG International Joint Laboratory of Molecular Science and Displays, National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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9
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Msellem P, Dekthiarenko M, Hadj Seyd N, Vives G. Switchable molecular tweezers: design and applications. Beilstein J Org Chem 2024; 20:504-539. [PMID: 38440175 PMCID: PMC10910529 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.20.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Switchable molecular tweezers are a unique class of molecular switches that, like their macroscopic analogs, exhibit mechanical motion between an open and closed conformation in response to stimuli. Such systems constitute an essential component of artificial molecular machines. This review will present selected examples of switchable molecular tweezers and their potential applications. The first part will be devoted to chemically responsive tweezers, including stimuli such as pH, metal coordination, and anion binding. Then, redox-active and photochemical tweezers will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Msellem
- Sorbonne Université, UMR CNRS 8232, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, 4 place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Maksym Dekthiarenko
- Sorbonne Université, UMR CNRS 8232, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, 4 place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Nihal Hadj Seyd
- Sorbonne Université, UMR CNRS 8232, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, 4 place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Vives
- Sorbonne Université, UMR CNRS 8232, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, 4 place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
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10
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Du S, Jiang Y, Jiang H, Zhang L, Liu M. Pathway-Dependent Self-Assembly for Control over Helical Nanostructures and Topochemical Photopolymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316863. [PMID: 38116831 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Pathway-dependent self-assembly, in which a single building block forms two or more types of self-assembled nanostructures, is an important topic due to its mimic to the complexity in biology and manipulation of diverse supramolecular materials. Here, we report a pathway-dependent self-assembly using chiral glutamide derivatives (L or D-PAG), which form chiral nanotwist and nanotube through a cooperative slow cooling and an isodesmic fast cooling process, respectively. Furthermore, pathway-dependent self-assembly can be harnessed to control over the supramolecular co-assembly of PAG with a luminophore β-DCS or a photopolymerizable PCDA. Fast cooling leads to the co-assembled PAG/β-DCS nanotube exhibiting green circularly polarized luminescence (CPL), while slow cooling to nanofiber with blue CPL. Additionally, fast cooling process promotes the photopolymerization of PCDA into a red chiral polymer, whereas slow cooling inhibits the polymerization. This work not only demonstrates the pathway-dependent control over structural characteristics but also highlights the diverse functions emerged from the different assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sifan Du
- National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), ZhongGuanCun North First Street 2, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Yuqian Jiang
- Key laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Hejin Jiang
- National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), ZhongGuanCun North First Street 2, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Li Zhang
- National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), ZhongGuanCun North First Street 2, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Minghua Liu
- National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), ZhongGuanCun North First Street 2, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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11
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Mukherjee A, Ghosh G. Light-regulated morphology control in supramolecular polymers. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:2169-2184. [PMID: 38206133 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr04989b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive materials have gained significant recent interest owing to their versatility and wide applications in fields ranging from materials science to biology. In the majority of examples, external stimuli, including light, act as a remote source of energy to depolymerize/deconstruct certain nanostructures or provide energy for exploring their functional features. However, there is little emphasis on the creation and precise control of these materials. Although significant progress has been made in the last few decades in understanding the pros and cons of various directional non-covalent interactions and their specific molecular recognition ability, it is only in the recent past that the focus has shifted toward controlling the dimension, dispersity, and other macroscopic properties of supramolecular assemblies. Control over the morphology of supramolecular polymers is extremely crucial not only for material properties they manifest but also for effective interactions with biological systems for their potential application in the field of biomedicine. This could effectively be achieved using photoirradiation which has been demonstrated by some recent reports. The concept as such offers a broad scope for designing versatile stimuli-responsive supramolecular materials with precise structure-property control. However, there has not yet been a compilation that focuses on the present subject of employing light to impact and regulate the morphology of supramolecular polymers or categorize the functional motif for easy understanding. In this review, we have collated recent examples of how light irradiation can tune the morphology and nanostructures of supramolecular polymers and categorized them based on their chemical transformation such as cis-trans isomerization, cycloaddition, and photo-cleavage. We have also established a direct correlation among the structures of the building blocks, mesoscopic properties and functional behavior of such materials and suggested future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Mukherjee
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Correnstrasse 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Goutam Ghosh
- Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences (CeNS), Shivanapura, Dasanapura Hobli, Bengaluru, 562162, India.
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12
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Cheung LH, To JC, Wong WK, Stuart MCA, Kajitani T, Keng VW, Leung FKC. Tailoring Multicontrolled Supramolecular Assemblies of Stiff-Stilbene Amphiphiles into Macroscopic Soft Scaffolds as Cell-Material Interfaces. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:4056-4070. [PMID: 38198650 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Biocompatible synthetic supramolecular systems have shed light on biomedical and tissue-regenerative material applications. The intrinsic functional applicability, tunability, and stimuli-responsiveness of synthetic supramolecular systems allow one to develop various multicontrolled supramolecular assemblies in aqueous media. However, it remains highly challenging to use state-of-the-art supramolecular assemblies of photoresponsive amphiphiles controlled by multiple stimulations in fabricating macroscopic materials. Herein, we demonstrate a stiff-stilbene amphiphile (SA) multicontrolled supramolecular assembling system that comprises two different charged end groups. The excellent photoswitchabilities of SA in both organic and aqueous media are demonstrated. Furthermore, multiple stimuli, i.e., light, pH, and counterions, are applied to control the supramolecular assembling behaviors, which are monitored by circular dichroism spectroscopy and electron microscopies. This multicontrolled supramolecular system can be systematically assembled into macroscopic soft functional scaffolds, whose structural parameters are investigated by electron microscopies and X-ray diffraction techniques, suggesting the large aspect ratio of SA nanostructures assembled into macroscopic soft scaffolds. The fabricated soft functional scaffold is highly biocompatible for photocontrolled biotarget encapsulation/release selectively, as well as a cell-material interface for diverse cells' attachment. This new synthetic multicontrolled soft functional material provides a new strategy toward the development of next-generation controllable and biocompatible soft functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leong-Hung Cheung
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jeffrey C To
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Wai-Ki Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Marc C A Stuart
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747AG Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Takashi Kajitani
- TC College Promotion Office, Open Facility Center, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Vincent W Keng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Franco King-Chi Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
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13
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Lago-Silva M, Fernández-Míguez M, Rodríguez R, Quiñoá E, Freire F. Stimuli-responsive synthetic helical polymers. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:793-852. [PMID: 38105704 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00952a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic dynamic helical polymers (supramolecular and covalent) and foldamers share the helix as a structural motif. Although the materials are different, these systems also share many structural properties, such as helix induction or conformational communication mechanisms. The introduction of stimuli responsive building blocks or monomer repeating units in these materials triggers conformational or structural changes, due to the presence/absence of the external stimulus, which are transmitted to the helix resulting in different effects, such as assymetry amplification, helix inversion or even changes in the helical scaffold (elongation, J/H helical aggregates). In this review, we show through selected examples how different stimuli (e.g., temperature, solvents, cations, anions, redox, chiral additives, pH or light) can alter the helical structures of dynamic helical polymers (covalent and supramolecular) and foldamers acting on the conformational composition or molecular structure of their components, which is also transmitted to the macromolecular helical structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Lago-Silva
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Manuel Fernández-Míguez
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Rafael Rodríguez
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Emilio Quiñoá
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Félix Freire
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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14
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Tang B, Pauls M, Bannwarth C, Hecht S. Photoswitchable Quadruple Hydrogen-Bonding Motif. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:45-50. [PMID: 38033296 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Multiple hydrogen-bonding motifs serve as important building blocks for molecular recognition and self-assembly. Herein, a photoswitchable quadruple hydrogen-bonding motif featuring near-complete, reversible, and thermostable conversion between DADA and AADD arrays associated with an alteration of their dimerization constants by over 3 orders of magnitude is reported. The system is based on a diarylethene featuring a ureidopyrimidin-4-ol moiety, which upon photoinduced ring closure and associated loss of aromaticity undergoes enol-keto tautomerization to a ureidopyrimidinone moiety. The latter causes a transformation of the hydrogen-bonding arrays and significantly weakens the free energy of dimerization in the case of the closed isomer. This photoswitchable quadruple hydrogen-bonding motif should allow us to spatially and temporarily direct self-assembly and supramolecular polymerization processes by light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohan Tang
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Mike Pauls
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Hecht
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Center for the Science of Materials Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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15
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Jin Z, Sasaki N, Kishida N, Takeuchi M, Wakayama Y, Sugiyasu K. Two-Dimensional Living Supramolecular Polymerization: Improvement in Edge Roughness of Supramolecular Nanosheets by Using a Dummy Monomer. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302181. [PMID: 37658627 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular polymers are formed through nucleation (i. e., initiation) and polymerization processes, and kinetic control over the nucleation process has recently led to the realization of living supramolecular polymerization. Changing the viewpoint, herein we focus on controlling the polymerization process, which we expect to pave the way to further developments in controlled supramolecular polymerization. In our previous study, two-dimensional living supramolecular polymerization was used to produce supramolecular nanosheets with a controlled area; however, these had rough edges. In this study, the growth of the nanosheets was controlled by using a 'dummy' monomer to produce supramolecular nanosheets with smoothed edges.
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Grants
- JP19K05592 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- JP22H02134 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 20H04682 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- JP20H05868 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- JPMXP1122714694 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- Izumi Science and Technology Foundation
- Iketani Science and Technology Foundation
- Murata Science Foundation
- Sekisui Chemical
- Mitsubishi Foundation
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhehui Jin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0047, Japan
| | - Norihiko Sasaki
- National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0047, Japan
| | - Natsuki Kishida
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Masayuki Takeuchi
- National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0047, Japan
| | - Yutaka Wakayama
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0047, Japan
| | - Kazunori Sugiyasu
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Kyoto University Kyotodaigaku-katsura, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
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16
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Shan Y, Zhang Q, Sheng J, Stuart MCA, Qu DH, Feringa BL. Motorized Photomodulator: Making A Non-photoresponsive Supramolecular Gel Switchable by Light. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202310582. [PMID: 37681477 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202310582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Introducing photo-responsive molecules offers an attractive approach for remote and selective control and dynamic manipulation of material properties. However, it remains highly challenging how to use a minimal amount of photo-responsive units to optically modulate materials that are inherently inert to light irradiation. Here we show the application of a light-driven rotary molecular motor as a "motorized photo-modulator" to endow a typical H-bond-based gel system with the ability to respond to light irradiation and create a reversible sol-gel transition. The key molecular design feature is the introduction of a minimal amount (2 mol %) of molecular motors into the supramolecular network as photo-switchable non-covalent crosslinkers. Advantage is taken of the subtle interplay of the large geometry change during photo-isomerization of the molecular motor guest and the dynamic nature of a supramolecular gel host system. As a result, a tiny amount of molecular motors is enough to switch the mechanical modulus of the entire supramolecular systems. This study proves the concept of designing photo-responsive materials with minimum use of non-covalent light-absorbing units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahan Shan
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Qi Zhang
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jinyu Sheng
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marc C A Stuart
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Da-Hui Qu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
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17
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Lin YT, Liu S, Bhat B, Kuan KY, Zhou W, Cobos IJ, Kwon JSI, Akbulut MES. pH- and temperature-responsive supramolecular assemblies with highly adjustable viscoelasticity: a multi-stimuli binary system. SOFT MATTER 2023. [PMID: 37449660 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00549f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive materials are increasingly needed for the development of smart electronic, mechanical, and biological devices and systems relying on switchable, tunable, and adaptable properties. Herein, we report a novel pH- and temperature-responsive binary supramolecular assembly involving a long-chain hydroxyamino amide (HAA) and an inorganic hydrotrope, boric acid, with highly tunable viscous and viscoelastic properties. The system under investigation demonstrates a high degree of control over its viscosity, with the capacity to achieve over four orders of magnitude of control through the concomitant manipulation of pH and temperature. In addition, the transformation from non-Maxwellian to Maxwellian fluid behavior could also be induced by changing the pH and temperature. Switchable rheological properties were ascribed to the morphological transformation between spherical vesicles, aggregated/fused spherical vesicles, and bicontinuous gyroid structures revealed by cryo-TEM studies. The observed transitions are attributed to the modulation of the head group spacing between HAA molecules under different pH conditions. Specifically, acidic conditions induce electrostatic repulsion between the protonated amino head groups, leading to an increased spacing. Conversely, under basic conditions, the HAA head group spacing is reduced due to the intercalation of tetrahydroxyborate, facilitated by hydrogen bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Lin
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Shuhao Liu
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Bhargavi Bhat
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Kai-Yuan Kuan
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Wentao Zhou
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Ignacio Jose Cobos
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Joseph Sang-Il Kwon
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
- Texas A&M Energy Institute, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Mustafa E S Akbulut
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
- Texas A&M Energy Institute, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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18
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Thomas M, Lewe V, Kölsch J, Urschbach M, Erlenbusch J, Stach OS, Besenius P. Impact of sample history and solvent effects on pathway control in the supramolecular polymerisation of Au(i)-metallopeptide amphiphiles. Polym Chem 2023; 14:1888-1892. [PMID: 37124957 PMCID: PMC10127225 DOI: 10.1039/d3py00053b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the kinetics of the supramolecular polymerisation of an Au(i)-metallopeptide amphiphile that assembles into exceptionally long and rigid nanofibers. We developed a precise preparation protocol to measure the concentration dependent assembly kinetics which elucidated a nucleation-elongation dominated supramolecular polymerisation process. We show striking differences in the assembly behavior and morphology in aqueous media, even at organic solvent contents as low as 1 vol%, compared to pure buffer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz Duesbergweg 10-14 D-55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Vanessa Lewe
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz Duesbergweg 10-14 D-55128 Mainz Germany
- Graduate School of Materials Science in Mainz Staudingerweg 9 D-55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Jonas Kölsch
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz Duesbergweg 10-14 D-55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Moritz Urschbach
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz Duesbergweg 10-14 D-55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Jessica Erlenbusch
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz Duesbergweg 10-14 D-55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Oliver Sven Stach
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz Duesbergweg 10-14 D-55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Pol Besenius
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz Duesbergweg 10-14 D-55128 Mainz Germany
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19
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Xu F, Feringa BL. Photoresponsive Supramolecular Polymers: From Light-Controlled Small Molecules to Smart Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2204413. [PMID: 36239270 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202204413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Photoresponsive supramolecular polymers are well-organized assemblies based on highly oriented and reversible noncovalent interactions containing photosensitive molecules as (co-)monomers. They have attracted increasing interest in smart materials and dynamic systems with precisely controllable functions, such as light-driven soft actuators, photoresponsive fluorescent anticounterfeiting and light-triggered electronic devices. The present review discusses light-activated molecules used in photoresponsive supramolecular polymers with their main photo-induced changes, e.g., geometry, dipole moment, and chirality. Based on these distinct changes, supramolecular polymers formed by light-activated molecules exhibit photoresponsive disassembly and reassembly. As a consequence, photo-induced supramolecular polymerization, "depolymerization," and regulation of the lengths and topologies are observed. Moreover, the light-controlled functions of supramolecular polymers, such as actuation, emission, and chirality transfer along length scales, are highlighted. Furthermore, a perspective on challenges and future opportunities is presented. Besides the challenge of moving from harmful UV light to visible/near IR light avoiding fatigue, and enabling biomedical applications, future opportunities include light-controlled supramolecular actuators with helical motion, light-modulated information transmission, optically recyclable materials, and multi-stimuli-responsive supramolecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Xu
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
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20
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Construction of photoswitchable urea-based multiple H-bonding motifs. Tetrahedron 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2023.133343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
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21
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Raman A, Neelambra AU, Karunakaran V, Easwaramoorthi S. Solvent-Controlled Photoswitching of Azobenzene: An Excited State Shuttle. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202201112. [PMID: 36546595 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202201112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The light-controlled excited state trans-cis isomerization process is a key to the development of conversion of light energy to mechanical motion at the molecular level. Considerable efforts have been made in tuning the isomerization process with electron donor and acceptor substituents by altering the excited state reaction coordinate. Here, we report a two novel push-pull series of para-diethylamino (DEA) and diphenylamino (DPA) substituted (E)-4'-((4-(diethylamino)phenyl)diazenyl)-N,N-diphenyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-amine (1) and (E)-4'-((4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)diazenyl)-N,N-diphenyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-amine (2). Compounds 1 and 2 undergo both photochemical and photophysical excited state deactivation pathways which can be controlled by varying the solvent polarity. These structural motifs of 1 and 2 would undergo torsional motions upon excitation to exhibit either trans→cis photoisomerization or to form a twisted intramolecular charge transfer state and both the process originates from the same excited state and competes with each other. Thus, alternations in the surrounding environment such as solvent polarity, solution viscosity, and protonation were employed to understand the preferential excited state deactivation pathway and thereby these systems could be employed as a new class of azobenzene-based luminescent photochromic molecules. For instance, in nonpolar solvent, toluene photoisomerization is preferred over TICT, but polar solvent, ethanol preferentially stabilizes the TICT state by virtue of N-C rotation which renders the energy barrier unfavourable for photoisomerization. The photostationary state of 1 in toluene is predominantly the Z isomer, whereas in ethanol E isomer is nearly two-fold higher than the Z isomer. These feature sets up a new approach towards the construction of multinary molecular switches and subsequent development in diverse fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunachalam Raman
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute Adyar, Chennai, 600 020, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
| | - Afeefah U Neelambra
- Photosciences & Photonics Section Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR - National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, 695 019, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Venugopal Karunakaran
- Photosciences & Photonics Section Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR - National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, 695 019, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Shanmugam Easwaramoorthi
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute Adyar, Chennai, 600 020, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
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22
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Liu B, Xing P. Hydrogen Bonded Foldamers with Axial Chirality: Chiroptical Properties and Applications. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202665. [PMID: 36281580 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Folding phenomenon refers to the formation of a specific conformation widely featured by the intramolecular interactions, which broadly exist in biomacromolecules, and are closely related to their structures and functions. A variety of oligomeric folded molecules have been designed and synthesized, namely "foldamer", exhibiting potentials in pharmaceutical and catalysis. Molecular folding is a promising strategy to transfer chirality from substituents to the whole skeleton, when chirality transfer, amplification, evolution, and other behaviors could be achieved. Investigating chirality using foldamer model deepens the understanding of the structure-function correlation in biomacromolecules and expands the molecular toolbox towards chiroptical and asymmetrical chemistry. Substitutes with abundant hydrogen bonding sites conjugated to a rotatable aryl group afford a parallel β-sheet-like conformation, which enables the emergence and manipulation of axial chirality. This concept aims to give a brief introduction and summary of the hydrogen bonded foldamers with anchored axial chirality, by taking some recent cases as examples. Design principles, control over axial chirality and applications are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Pengyao Xing
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
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23
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Hugenbusch D, Lehr M, von Glasenapp JS, McConnell AJ, Herges R. Light-Controlled Destruction and Assembly: Switching between Two Differently Composed Cage-Type Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202212571. [PMID: 36215411 PMCID: PMC10099457 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202212571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We report on two regioisomeric, diazocine ligands 1 and 2 that can both be photoswitched between the E- and Z-configurations with violet and green light. The self-assembly of the four species (1-Z, 1-E, 2-Z, 2-E) with CoII ions was investigated upon changing the coordination vectors as a function of the ligand configuration (E vs Z) and regioisomer (1 vs 2). With 1-Z, Co2 (1-Z)3 was self-assembled, while a mixture of ill-defined species (oligomers) was observed with 2-Z. Upon photoswitching with 385 nm to the E configurations, the opposite was observed with 1-E forming oligomers and 2-E forming Co2 (2-E)3 . Light-controlled dis/assembly was demonstrated in a ligand competition experiment with sub-stoichiometric amounts of CoII ions; alternating irradiation with violet and green light resulted in the reversible transformation between Co2 (1-Z)3 and Co2 (2-E)3 over multiple cycles without significant fatigue by photoswitching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hugenbusch
- Otto-Diels-Institute of Organic Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Marc Lehr
- Otto-Diels-Institute of Organic Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan-Simon von Glasenapp
- Otto-Diels-Institute of Organic Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Anna J McConnell
- Otto-Diels-Institute of Organic Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Rainer Herges
- Otto-Diels-Institute of Organic Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, 24118, Kiel, Germany
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24
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Rabecca Jenifer V, Mohan Das T. Smart supramolecular photoresponsive gelator with long-alkyl chain azobenzene incorporated sugar derivatives for recycling aromatic solvents and sequestration of cationic dyes. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:9017-9025. [PMID: 36404737 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01367c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Phase-selective gelation of low molecular-weight photoresponsive organogelator possessing long aliphatic chain azobenzene sugar derivatives and its applications in the recycling of aromatic solvents and also the removal of cationic dyes is reported. Very low critical gelation concentration (CGC) in aromatic solvents implies that it acts as a very good gelator. The photoinduced gel-to-sol transition was attained by irradiation with UV light at 350 nm. These organogels work as a selective adsorbent for efficiently removing cationic dyes from individual aqueous dye solutions and in a mixture of cationic and anionic dye solutions show more than 95% removal within 12 h. These insights indicate that these sugar derivatives could be exploited in implementing smart materials for environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Rabecca Jenifer
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu (CUTN), Thiruvarur 610 005, India.
| | - Thangamuthu Mohan Das
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu (CUTN), Thiruvarur 610 005, India.
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Ludwig AD, Ourvois-Maloisel N, Saint-Jalmes A, Artzner F, Guégan JP, Tasseau O, Berrée F, Lemiègre L. Adjusting the water-sensitivity of sugar/boronate-based organogels. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:9026-9036. [PMID: 36408633 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01305c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
During the investigation of the water-sensitivity of (arylboronate alkylglucoside)-based organogels, we evaluated a series of twelve potential organogelators. They were synthesised in a single step from the corresponding arylboronic acids and alkylglucosides. Eight of them showed organogelation abilities in three solvents (toluene, cyclohexane, and ethyl myristate). Conformational minimisations of the potential organogelators permitted a clear relationship between the arylboronate orientation and the gelation effectiveness to be established. These gels were characterised by rheometry and SEM which revealed a gel-state originating from the self-assembly of the organogelators into long entangled fibres. SAXS confirmed the mode of packing in a hexagonal phase. Gels in toluene were found to be water-sensitive both after addition of a small amount of water and immersion into water. This study demonstrated that the main parameter impacting the water-sensitivity was the length of the alkyl chain at the anomeric position of the glucoside unit, much more than the functionalisation of an arylboronate moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas D Ludwig
- Univ Rennes, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR - UMR6226, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | | | - Arnaud Saint-Jalmes
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IPR (Institut de Physique de Rennes) - UMR 6251, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Franck Artzner
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IPR (Institut de Physique de Rennes) - UMR 6251, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Jean-Paul Guégan
- Univ Rennes, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR - UMR6226, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Olivier Tasseau
- Univ Rennes, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR - UMR6226, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Fabienne Berrée
- Univ Rennes, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR - UMR6226, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Loïc Lemiègre
- Univ Rennes, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR - UMR6226, F-35000 Rennes, France.
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Imato K, Sasaki A, Ishii A, Hino T, Kaneda N, Ohira K, Imae I, Ooyama Y. Sterically Hindered Stiff-Stilbene Photoswitch Offers Large Motions, 90% Two-Way Photoisomerization, and High Thermal Stability. J Org Chem 2022; 87:15762-15770. [PMID: 36378160 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Molecular photoswitches have been widely used as molecular machines in various fields due to the small structures and simple motions generated in reversible isomerization. However, common photoswitches, as represented by azobenzene (AB), cannot combine both large motions and high thermal stability, which are critically important for some practical applications in addition to high photoisomerization yields. Here, we focus on a promising photoswitch, stiff stilbene (SS), and its derivative, sterically hindered SS (HSS). The detailed investigation of their performance with a comparison to AB demonstrated that HSS is an outstanding photoswitch offering larger motions than AB and SS, ca. 90% photoisomerization in both E-to-Z and Z-to-E directions, and significantly high thermal stability with a half-life of ca. 1000 years at room temperature. The superior performance of HSS promises its use in various applications, even where previous photoswitches have troubles and are unavailable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Imato
- Applied Chemistry Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Ayane Sasaki
- Applied Chemistry Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Akira Ishii
- Applied Chemistry Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Taichi Hino
- Applied Chemistry Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Naoki Kaneda
- Applied Chemistry Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Kazuki Ohira
- Applied Chemistry Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Ichiro Imae
- Applied Chemistry Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Yousuke Ooyama
- Applied Chemistry Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima 739-8527, Japan
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27
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Liu Y, Du M, Zhang P, Wang H, Dong X, Wang Z, Wang Y, Ji L. Host-guest interaction enabled chiroptical property, morphology transition, and phase switch in azobenzene-glutamide amphiphile based hydrogel. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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28
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Supramolecular Polymers: Recent Advances Based on the Types of Underlying Interactions. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2022.101635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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29
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Lan R, Bao J, Huang R, Wang Z, Zhang L, Shen C, Wang Q, Yang H. Amplifying Molecular Scale Rotary Motion: The Marriage of Overcrowded Alkene Molecular Motor with Liquid Crystals. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2109800. [PMID: 35732437 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202109800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Design and fabrication of macroscopic functional devices by molecular engineering is an emerging and effective strategy in exploration of advanced materials. Photoresponsive overcrowded alkene-based molecular motor (OAMM) is considered as one of the most promising molecular machines due to the unique rotary motion driven by light with high temporal and spatial precision. Amplifying the molecular rotary motions into macroscopic behaviors of photodirected systems links the molecular dynamics with macroscopic motions of materials, providing new opportunities to design novel materials and devices with a bottom-up strategy. In this review, recent developments of the light-responsive liquid crystal system triggered by OAMM will be summarized. The mechanism of amplification effect of liquid crystal matrix will be introduced first. Then progress of the OAMM-driven liquid crystal materials will be described including light-controlled photonic crystals, texture-tunable liquid crystal coating and microspheres, photoactuated soft robots, and dynamic optical devices. It is hoped that this review provides inspirations in design and exploration of light-driven soft matters and novel functional materials from molecular engineering to structural modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruochen Lan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jinying Bao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Rui Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Zizheng Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Lanying Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Chen Shen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Huai Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
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30
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Zhang J, Wang W, Zhang Y, Wei Q, Han F, Dong S, Liu D, Zhang S. Small-molecule ionic liquid-based adhesive with strong room-temperature adhesion promoted by electrostatic interaction. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5214. [PMID: 36064871 PMCID: PMC9445047 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32997-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-molecular-weight adhesives (LMWAs) possess many unique features compared to polymer adhesives. However, fabricating LMWAs with adhesion strengths higher than those of polymeric materials is a significant challenge, mainly because of the relatively weak and unbalanced cohesion and interfacial adhesion. Herein, an ionic liquid (IL)-based adhesive with high adhesion strength is demonstrated by introducing an IL moiety into a Y-shaped molecule replete with hydrogen bonding (H-bonding) interactions. The IL moieties not only destroyed the rigid and ordered H-bonding networks, releasing more free groups to form hydrogen bonds (H-bonds) at the substrate/adhesive interface, but also provided electrostatic interactions that improved the cohesion energy. The synthesized IL-based adhesive, Tri-HT, could directly form thin coatings on various substrates, with high adhesion strengths of up to 12.20 MPa. Advanced adhesives with electrical conductivity, self-healing behavior, and electrically-controlled adhesion could also be fabricated by combining Tri-HT with carbon nanotubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Wenxiang Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Fei Han
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Shengyi Dong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Dongqing Liu
- Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory, College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
| | - Shiguo Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
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31
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Hennecker CD, Lachance-Brais C, Sleiman H, Mittermaier A. Using transient equilibria (TREQ) to measure the thermodynamics of slowly assembling supramolecular systems. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabm8455. [PMID: 35385301 PMCID: PMC8985918 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm8455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular chemistry involves the noncovalent assembly of monomers into materials with unique properties and wide-ranging applications. Thermal analysis is a key analytical tool in this field, as it provides quantitative thermodynamic information on both the structural stability and nature of the underlying molecular interactions. However, there exist many supramolecular systems whose kinetics are so slow that the thermodynamic methods currently applied are unreliable or fail completely. We have developed a simple and rapid spectroscopic method for extracting accurate thermodynamic parameters from these systems. It is based on repeatedly raising and lowering the temperature during assembly and identifying the points of transient equilibrium as they are passed on the up- and down-scans. In a proof-of-principle application to the coassembly of polydeoxyadenosine (polyA) containing 15 adenosines and cyanuric acid (CA), we found that roughly 30% of the CA binding sites on the polyA chains were unoccupied, with implications for high-valence systems.
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32
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Xu F, Crespi S, Pacella G, Fu Y, Stuart MCA, Zhang Q, Portale G, Feringa BL. Dynamic Control of a Multistate Chiral Supramolecular Polymer in Water. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:6019-6027. [PMID: 35341243 PMCID: PMC8991000 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Natural systems transfer chiral information across multiple length scales through dynamic supramolecular interaction to accomplish various functions. Inspired by nature, many exquisite artificial supramolecular systems have been developed, in which controlling the supramolecular chirality holds the key to completing specific tasks. However, to achieve precise and non-invasive control and modulation of chirality in these systems remains challenging. As a non-invasive stimulus, light can be used to remotely control the chirality with high spatiotemporal precision. In contrast to common molecular switches, a synthetic molecular motor can act as a multistate chiroptical switch with unidirectional rotation, offering major potential to regulate more complex functions. Here, we present a light-driven molecular motor-based supramolecular polymer, in which the intrinsic chirality is transferred to the nanofibers, and the rotation of molecular motors governs the chirality and morphology of the supramolecular polymer. The resulting supramolecular polymer also exhibits light-controlled multistate aggregation-induced emission. These findings present a photochemically tunable multistate dynamic supramolecular system in water and pave the way for developing molecular motor-driven chiroptical materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Xu
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Stefano Crespi
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gianni Pacella
- Zernike
Institute for Advanced Materials, University
of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Youxin Fu
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marc C. A. Stuart
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Qi Zhang
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Giuseppe Portale
- Zernike
Institute for Advanced Materials, University
of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ben L. Feringa
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
- Zernike
Institute for Advanced Materials, University
of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
- Key
Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research
Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa
Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center
for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals,
School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237 Shanghai, China
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Cheng HB, Zhang S, Bai E, Cao X, Wang J, Qi J, Liu J, Zhao J, Zhang L, Yoon J. Future-Oriented Advanced Diarylethene Photoswitches: From Molecular Design to Spontaneous Assembly Systems. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2108289. [PMID: 34866257 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202108289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Diarylethene (DAE) photoswitch is a new and promising family of photochromic molecules and has shown superior performance as a smart trigger in stimulus-responsive materials. During the past few decades, the DAE family has achieved a leap from simple molecules to functional molecules and developed toward validity as a universal switching building block. In recent years, the introduction of DAE into an assembly system has been an attractive strategy that enables the photochromic behavior of the building blocks to be manifested at the level of the entire system, beyond the DAE unit itself. This assembly-based strategy will bring many unexpected results that promote the design and manufacture of a new generation of advanced materials. Here, recent advances in the design and fabrication of diarylethene as a trigger in materials science, chemistry, and biomedicine are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bo Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Shuchun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Enying Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqiao Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Ji Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Liqun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Juyoung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Korea
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Transient chirality inversion during racemization of a helical cobalt(III) complex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2113237119. [PMID: 35259015 PMCID: PMC8931221 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2113237119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
SignificanceWe first observed a transient chirality inversion on a simple unimolecular platform during the racemization of a chiral helical complex [LCo3A6]3+, i.e., the helicity changed from P-rich (right-handed) to M-rich (left-handed), which then racemized to a P/M equimolar mixture in spite of the absence of a reagent that could induce the M helix. This transient chirality inversion was observed only in the forward reaction, whereas the reverse reaction showed a simple monotonic change with an induction time. Consequently, the M helicity appeared only in the forward reaction. These forward and reverse reactions constitute a hysteretic cycle. Compounds showing such unique time responses would be useful for developing time-programmable switchable materials that can control the physical/chemical properties in a time-dependent manner.
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Valera JS, Arima H, Naranjo C, Saito T, Suda N, Gómez R, Yagai S, Sánchez L. Biasing the Hierarchy Motifs of Nanotoroids: from 1D Nanotubes to 2D Porous Networks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202114290. [PMID: 34822210 PMCID: PMC9299728 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202114290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Hierarchical organization of self-assembled structures into superstructures is omnipresent in Nature but has been rarely achieved in synthetic molecular assembly due to the absence of clear structural rules. We herein report on the self-assembly of scissor-shaped azobenzene dyads which form discrete nanotoroids that further organize into 2D porous networks. The steric demand of the peripheral aliphatic units diminishes the trend of the azobenzene dyad to constitute stackable nanotoroids in solution, thus affording isolated (unstackable) nanotoroids upon cooling. Upon drying, these nanotoroids organize at graphite surface to form well-defined 2D porous networks. The photoirradiation with UV and visible light enabled reversible dissociation and reconstruction of nanotoroids through the efficient trans↔cis isomerization of azobenzene moieties in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge S. Valera
- Dpto. Química OrgánicaFacultad de Ciencias QuímicasUniversidad Complutense de MadridCiudad Universitaria, s/n28040MadridSpain
| | - Hironari Arima
- Division of Advanced Science and EngineeringGraduate School of Science and EngineeringChiba University1–33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-kuChiba263-8522Japan
| | - Cristina Naranjo
- Dpto. Química OrgánicaFacultad de Ciencias QuímicasUniversidad Complutense de MadridCiudad Universitaria, s/n28040MadridSpain
| | - Takuho Saito
- Division of Advanced Science and EngineeringGraduate School of Science and EngineeringChiba University1–33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-kuChiba263-8522Japan
| | - Natsuki Suda
- Division of Advanced Science and EngineeringGraduate School of Science and EngineeringChiba University1–33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-kuChiba263-8522Japan
| | - Rafael Gómez
- Dpto. Química OrgánicaFacultad de Ciencias QuímicasUniversidad Complutense de MadridCiudad Universitaria, s/n28040MadridSpain
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Department of Applied Chemistry and BiotechnologyGraduate School of EngineeringChiba University1–33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-kuChiba263-8522Japan
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR)Chiba University1–33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-kuChiba263-8522Japan
| | - Luis Sánchez
- Dpto. Química OrgánicaFacultad de Ciencias QuímicasUniversidad Complutense de MadridCiudad Universitaria, s/n28040MadridSpain
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Schnurbus M, Hardt M, Steinforth P, Carrascosa-Tejedor J, Winnall S, Gutfreund P, Schönhoff M, Campbell RA, Braunschweig B. Responsive Material and Interfacial Properties through Remote Control of Polyelectrolyte-Surfactant Mixtures. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:4656-4667. [PMID: 35029383 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c18934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte/surfactant (P/S) mixtures find many applications but are static in nature and cannot be reversibly reconfigured through the application of external stimuli. Using a new type of photoswitchable surfactants, we use light to trigger property changes in mixtures of an anionic polyelectrolyte with a cationic photoswitch such as electrophoretic mobilities, particle size, as well as their interfacial structure and their ability to stabilize aqueous foam. For that, we show that prevailing hydrophobic intermolecular interactions can be remotely controlled between poly(sodium styrene sulfonate) (PSS) and arylazopyrazole tetraethylammonium bromide (AAP-TB). Shifting the chemical potential for P/S binding with E/Z photoisomerization of the surfactants can reversibly disintegrate even large aggregates (>4 μm) and is accompanied by a substantial change in the net charging state of PSS/AAP-TB complexes, e.g., from negative to positive excess charges upon light irradiation. In addition to the drastic changes in the bulk solution, also at air-water interfaces, the interfacial stoichiometry and structure change drastically on the molecular level with E/Z photoisomerization, which can also drive the stability of aqueous foam on a macroscopic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Schnurbus
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center of Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Michael Hardt
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center of Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Pascal Steinforth
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center of Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Javier Carrascosa-Tejedor
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, University of Manchester, M13 9PT Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel Winnall
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, University of Manchester, M13 9PT Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Philipp Gutfreund
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Monika Schönhoff
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center of Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Richard A Campbell
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, University of Manchester, M13 9PT Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Björn Braunschweig
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center of Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Valera JS, Arima H, Naranjo C, Saito T, Suda N, Gómez R, Yagai S, Sánchez L. Biasing the Hierarchy Motifs of Nanotoroids: from 1D Nanotubes to 2D Porous Networks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202114290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge S. Valera
- Dpto. Química Orgánica Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Universidad Complutense de Madrid Ciudad Universitaria, s/n 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Hironari Arima
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering Graduate School of Science and Engineering Chiba University 1–33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Cristina Naranjo
- Dpto. Química Orgánica Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Universidad Complutense de Madrid Ciudad Universitaria, s/n 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Takuho Saito
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering Graduate School of Science and Engineering Chiba University 1–33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Natsuki Suda
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering Graduate School of Science and Engineering Chiba University 1–33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Rafael Gómez
- Dpto. Química Orgánica Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Universidad Complutense de Madrid Ciudad Universitaria, s/n 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology Graduate School of Engineering Chiba University 1–33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR) Chiba University 1–33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Luis Sánchez
- Dpto. Química Orgánica Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Universidad Complutense de Madrid Ciudad Universitaria, s/n 28040 Madrid Spain
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38
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Volarić J, Szymanski W, Simeth NA, Feringa BL. Molecular photoswitches in aqueous environments. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:12377-12449. [PMID: 34590636 PMCID: PMC8591629 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00547a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Molecular photoswitches enable dynamic control of processes with high spatiotemporal precision, using light as external stimulus, and hence are ideal tools for different research areas spanning from chemical biology to smart materials. Photoswitches are typically organic molecules that feature extended aromatic systems to make them responsive to (visible) light. However, this renders them inherently lipophilic, while water-solubility is of crucial importance to apply photoswitchable organic molecules in biological systems, like in the rapidly emerging field of photopharmacology. Several strategies for solubilizing organic molecules in water are known, but there are not yet clear rules for applying them to photoswitchable molecules. Importantly, rendering photoswitches water-soluble has a serious impact on both their photophysical and biological properties, which must be taken into consideration when designing new systems. Altogether, these aspects pose considerable challenges for successfully applying molecular photoswitches in aqueous systems, and in particular in biologically relevant media. In this review, we focus on fully water-soluble photoswitches, such as those used in biological environments, in both in vitro and in vivo studies. We discuss the design principles and prospects for water-soluble photoswitches to inspire and enable their future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Volarić
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty for Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Wiktor Szymanski
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty for Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nadja A Simeth
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty for Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Institute for Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty for Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Wonink MBS, Corbet BP, Kulago AA, Boursalian GB, de Bruin B, Otten E, Browne WR, Feringa BL. Three-State Switching of an Anthracene Extended Bis-thiaxanthylidene with a Highly Stable Diradical State. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:18020-18028. [PMID: 34695359 PMCID: PMC8569810 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A multistable molecular switching system based on an anthracene-extended bis-thiaxanthylidene with three individually addressable states that can be interconverted by electrochemical, thermal, and photochemical reactions is reported. Besides reversible switching between an open-shell diradical- and a closed-shell electronic configuration, our findings include a third dicationic state and control by multiple actuators. This dicationic state with an orthogonal conformation can be switched electrochemically with the neutral open-shell triplet state with orthogonal conformation, which was characterized by EPR. The remarkably stable diradical shows kinetic stability as a result of a significant activation barrier for isomerization to a more stable neutral closed-shell folded geometry. We ascribe this activation barrier of ΔG⧧(293 K) = 25.7 kcal mol-1 to steric hindrance in the fjord region of the overcrowded alkene structure. The folded closed-shell state can be converted back to the diradical state by irradiation with 385 nm. The folded state can also be oxidized to the dicationic state. These types of molecules with multiple switchable states and in particular stable diradicals show great potential in the design of new functional materials such as memory devices, logic gates, and OFETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco B S Wonink
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Brian P Corbet
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Artem A Kulago
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gregory B Boursalian
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin Otten
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wesley R Browne
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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40
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Cao X, Han Q, Wang Q, Gao A, Ge XF, Yu X, Wang G. Fluorescent naphthalimide-based supramolecular gel system for detection phosgene, sulfoxide chloride and oxalyl dichloride. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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41
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Lionello C, Gardin A, Cardellini A, Bochicchio D, Shivrayan M, Fernandez A, Thayumanavan S, Pavan GM. Toward Chemotactic Supramolecular Nanoparticles: From Autonomous Surface Motion Following Specific Chemical Gradients to Multivalency-Controlled Disassembly. ACS NANO 2021; 15:16149-16161. [PMID: 34549951 PMCID: PMC8552489 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c05000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Nature designs chemotactic supramolecular structures that can selectively bind specific groups present on surfaces, autonomously scan them moving along density gradients, and react once a critical concentration is encountered. Since such properties are key in many biological functions, these also offer inspirations for designing artificial systems capable of similar bioinspired autonomous behaviors. One approach is to use soft molecular units that self-assemble in an aqueous solution generating nanoparticles (NPs) that display specific chemical groups on their surface, enabling multivalent interactions with complementarily functionalized surfaces. However, a first challenge is to explore the behavior of these assemblies at sufficiently high-resolution to gain insights on the molecular factors controlling their behaviors. Here, by coupling coarse-grained molecular models and advanced simulation approaches, we show that it is possible to study the (autonomous or driven) motion of self-assembled NPs on a receptor-grafted surface at submolecular resolution. As an example, we focus on self-assembled NPs composed of facially amphiphilic oligomers. We observe how tuning the multivalent interactions between the NP and the surface allows to control of the NP binding, its diffusion along chemical surface gradients, and ultimately, the NP reactivity at determined surface group densities. In silico experiments provide physical-chemical insights on key molecular features in the self-assembling units which determine the dynamic behavior and fate of the NPs on the surface: from adhesion, to diffusion, and disassembly. This offers a privileged point of view into the chemotactic properties of supramolecular assemblies, improving our knowledge on how to design new types of materials with bioinspired autonomous behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Lionello
- Department
of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico
di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Andrea Gardin
- Department
of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico
di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Annalisa Cardellini
- Department
of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico
di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Davide Bochicchio
- Department
of Innovative Technologies, University of
Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Polo Universitario
Lugano, Campus Est, Via
la Santa 1, 6962 Lugano-Viganello, Switzerland
- Department
of Physics, Università degli studi
di Genova, Via Dodecaneso
33, 16100 Genova, Italy
| | - Manisha Shivrayan
- Department
of Chemistry, Center for Bioactive Delivery at the Institute for Applied
Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Ann Fernandez
- Department
of Chemistry, Center for Bioactive Delivery at the Institute for Applied
Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - S. Thayumanavan
- Department
of Chemistry, Center for Bioactive Delivery at the Institute for Applied
Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Giovanni M. Pavan
- Department
of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico
di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
- Department
of Innovative Technologies, University of
Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Polo Universitario
Lugano, Campus Est, Via
la Santa 1, 6962 Lugano-Viganello, Switzerland
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42
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Sieredzinska B, Zhang Q, Berg KJVD, Flapper J, Feringa BL. Photo-crosslinking polymers by dynamic covalent disulfide bonds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:9838-9841. [PMID: 34498635 PMCID: PMC8477374 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03648c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A simple and general strategy to construct photo-crosslinkable polymers by introducing sidechain 1,2-dithiolanes based on natural thioctic acid is presented. The disulfide five-membered rings act both as light-absorbing and dynamic covalent crosslinking units, enabling efficient photo-crosslinking and reversible chemical decrosslinking of polydimethylsiloxane polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianka Sieredzinska
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Qi Zhang
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Keimpe J van den Berg
- Akzo Nobel Car Refinishes B.V., Rijksstraatweg 31, 2171 AJ Sassenheim, The Netherlands
| | - Jitte Flapper
- Akzo Nobel Decorative Coatings B.V., Rijksstraatweg 31, 2171 AJ Sassenheim, The Netherlands
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
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43
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Yu X, Meng Y, Zhang H, Guo J, Wang S, Li H, Hu J, Li MH. Trans/ cis-stereoisomers of triterpenoid-substituted tetraphenylethene: aggregation-induced emission, aggregate morphology, and mechano-chromism. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:15257-15266. [PMID: 34472552 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr04353f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Trans/cis stereoisomers with multiple functionalities play an important role in chemistry and materials science. In this work, two pure stereoisomers (trans- and cis-TPE-2GA) of the tetraphenylethene (TPE) derivatives bi-substituted by a bio-resourced rigid triterpenoid and glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) were synthesized and characterized by 1D and 2D NMR, single crystal analysis, and HR-MS. Both trans- and cis-TPE-2GA are thermally stable even on heating at 160 °C for 30 min, whereas they can undergo trans-to-cis and cis-to-trans photoisomerization under similar UV illumination. The introduction of triterpenoid units endowed isomers with different aggregation-induced emission (AIE) and self-assembly properties and distinct crystallinity. Trans- and cis-TPE-2GA exhibit different evolution of the fluorescent intensity in water/acetone mixture with the increase in the water fraction, which are closely related to the different evolution of the aggregate morphology, from nanorods to nanospheres for trans-TPE-2GA, while from twisted ribbons, to nanotubes and nanospheres for cis-TPE-2GA. In the solid state, the mechano-chromic properties are shown by cis-TPE-2GA, while no mechano-chromic effect is observed for trans-TPE-2GA under the same grinding conditions because of their distinct crystallinity. Finally, theoretical calculation and photophysical study demonstrate that despite both isomers being assigned to the charge transfer state emission, cis-TPE-2GA has a slightly lower energy gap, a higher quantum yield, and a longer lifetime in comparison with trans-TPE-2GA, which explained their difference in the fluorescence and mechano-chromic properties. This work may improve the understanding of the TPE-based trans and cis stereoisomers, which will be beneficial in the design of novel TPE-based functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Yu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Yuzhang Meng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Hao Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Junbo Guo
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Shixian Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Hui Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Jun Hu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Min-Hui Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de chimie, Paris 75005, France.
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44
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Roy Chowdhury S, Nandi SK, Mondal S, Kumar S, Haldar D. White-Light-Emitting Supramolecular Polymer Gel Based on β-CD and NDI Host-Guest Inclusion Complex. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13162762. [PMID: 34451301 PMCID: PMC8400613 DOI: 10.3390/polym13162762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular polymer formed by non-covalent interactions between complementary building blocks entraps solvents and develops supramolecular polymer gel. A supramolecular polymer gel was prepared by the heating-cooling cycle of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and naphthalenedimide (NDI) solution in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). The host-guest inclusion complex of β-CD and NDI 1 containing dodecyl amine forms the supramolecular polymer and gel in DMF. However, β-CD and NDI 2, having glutamic acid, fail to form the supramolecular polymer and gel under the same condition. X-ray crystallography shows that the alkyl chains of NDI 1 are complementary to the hydrophobic cavity of the two β-CD units. From rheology, the storage modulus was approximately 1.5 orders of magnitude larger than the loss modulus, which indicates the physical crosslink and elastic nature of the thermo-responsive gel. FE-SEM images of the supramolecular polymer gel exhibit flake-like morphology and a dense flake network. The flakes developed from the assembly of smaller rods. Photophysical studies show that the host-guest complex formation and gelation have significantly enhanced emission intensity with a new hump at 550 nm. Upon excitation by a 366 nm UV-light, NDI 1 and β-CD gel in DMF shows white light emission. The gel has the potential for the fabrication of organic electronic devices.
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45
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Wan J, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Zhao J, Qi Y, Zhang X, Liu K, Yu C, Yan X. Synergistic covalent-and-supramolecular polymers connected by [2]pseudorotaxane moieties. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:7374-7377. [PMID: 34231574 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02873a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Synergistic covalent-and-supramolecular polymers, in which covalent polymers and supramolecular polymers connect with each other through [2]pseudorotaxane moieties, are designed and synthesized. The unique topological structure effectively enhances the synergistic effect between these two polymers, thereby generating a novel class of mechanically adaptive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Wan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China.
| | - Zhaoming Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China.
| | - Yongming Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China.
| | - Jun Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China.
| | - Yumeng Qi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China.
| | - Xinhai Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China.
| | - Kai Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China.
| | - Chunyang Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China.
| | - Xuzhou Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China.
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Van Lommel R, De Borggraeve WM, De Proft F, Alonso M. Computational Tools to Rationalize and Predict the Self-Assembly Behavior of Supramolecular Gels. Gels 2021; 7:87. [PMID: 34287290 PMCID: PMC8293097 DOI: 10.3390/gels7030087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular gels form a class of soft materials that has been heavily explored by the chemical community in the past 20 years. While a multitude of experimental techniques has demonstrated its usefulness when characterizing these materials, the potential value of computational techniques has received much less attention. This review aims to provide a complete overview of studies that employ computational tools to obtain a better fundamental understanding of the self-assembly behavior of supramolecular gels or to accelerate their development by means of prediction. As such, we hope to stimulate researchers to consider using computational tools when investigating these intriguing materials. In the concluding remarks, we address future challenges faced by the field and formulate our vision on how computational methods could help overcoming them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Van Lommel
- Molecular Design and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F Leuven Chem & Tech, P.O. Box 2404, 3001 Leuven, Belgium;
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie (ALGC), Department of Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Wim M. De Borggraeve
- Molecular Design and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F Leuven Chem & Tech, P.O. Box 2404, 3001 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Frank De Proft
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie (ALGC), Department of Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Mercedes Alonso
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie (ALGC), Department of Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium;
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47
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Wen F, Li J, Wang L, Li F, Yu H, Li B, Fan K, Guan X. Novel self-healing and multi-stimuli-responsive supramolecular gel based on d-sorbitol diacetal for multifunctional applications. RSC Adv 2021; 11:32459-32463. [PMID: 35495530 PMCID: PMC9042006 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05605k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple-structured super gelator with self-healability and multi-stimuli responses was reported herein, which exhibited multiple visual molecular recognition abilities. Multifunctional applications such as effective lubricants, safe fuels, high-efficient propellants, dyes adsorbents, enhanced fluorescence emission and separation of aldehydes from aqueous solutions are integrated into a single organogelator, which was rarely reported. A simple-structured super gelator with self-healability and multi-stimuli responses was reported herein, which exhibited multiple visual molecular recognition abilities.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuqiang Wen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian 271016, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian 271016, China
| | - Fei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian 271016, China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian 271016, China
| | - Binglong Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian 271016, China
| | - Kaiqi Fan
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China
| | - Xidong Guan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian 271016, China
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