1
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Kekessie I, Wegner K, Martinez I, Kopach ME, White TD, Tom JK, Kenworthy MN, Gallou F, Lopez J, Koenig SG, Payne PR, Eissler S, Arumugam B, Li C, Mukherjee S, Isidro-Llobet A, Ludemann-Hombourger O, Richardson P, Kittelmann J, Sejer Pedersen D, van den Bos LJ. Process Mass Intensity (PMI): A Holistic Analysis of Current Peptide Manufacturing Processes Informs Sustainability in Peptide Synthesis. J Org Chem 2024; 89:4261-4282. [PMID: 38508870 PMCID: PMC11002941 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Small molecule therapeutics represent the majority of the FDA-approved drugs. Yet, many attractive targets are poorly tractable by small molecules, generating a need for new therapeutic modalities. Due to their biocompatibility profile and structural versatility, peptide-based therapeutics are a possible solution. Additionally, in the past two decades, advances in peptide design, delivery, formulation, and devices have occurred, making therapeutic peptides an attractive modality. However, peptide manufacturing is often limited to solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS), liquid phase peptide synthesis (LPPS), and to a lesser extent hybrid SPPS/LPPS, with SPPS emerging as a predominant platform technology for peptide synthesis. SPPS involves the use of excess solvents and reagents which negatively impact the environment, thus highlighting the need for newer technologies to reduce the environmental footprint. Herein, fourteen American Chemical Society Green Chemistry Institute Pharmaceutical Roundtable (ACS GCIPR) member companies with peptide-based therapeutics in their portfolio have compiled Process Mass Intensity (PMI) metrics to help inform the sustainability efforts in peptide synthesis. This includes PMI assessment on 40 synthetic peptide processes at various development stages in pharma, classified according to the development phase. This is the most comprehensive assessment of synthetic peptide environmental metrics to date. The synthetic peptide manufacturing process was divided into stages (synthesis, purification, isolation) to determine their respective PMI. On average, solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) (PMI ≈ 13,000) does not compare favorably with other modalities such as small molecules (PMI median 168-308) and biopharmaceuticals (PMI ≈ 8300). Thus, the high PMI for peptide synthesis warrants more environmentally friendly processes in peptide manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivy Kekessie
- Early Discovery
Biochemistry - Peptide Therapeutics, Genentech,
Inc., A Member of the Roche Group, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Katarzyna Wegner
- Active Pharmaceutical
Ingredient Development, Ipsen Manufacturing
Ireland Ltd., Blanchardstown
Industrial Park, Dublin 15, Ireland
| | - Isamir Martinez
- Green Chemistry
Institute, American Chemical Society, 1155 16th St North West, Washington, District of Columbia, 20036, United
States
| | - Michael E. Kopach
- Synthetic
Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly
and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Timothy D. White
- Synthetic
Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly
and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Janine K. Tom
- Drug Substance
Technologies, Amgen, Inc., 1 Amgen Center Drive, Thousand
Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Martin N. Kenworthy
- Chemical
Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, SK10 2NA, United Kingdom
| | - Fabrice Gallou
- Chemical
& Analytical Development, Novartis Pharma
AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - John Lopez
- Chemical
& Analytical Development, Novartis Pharma
AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefan G. Koenig
- Small
Molecule
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Genentech, Inc.,
A Member of the Roche Group, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Philippa R. Payne
- Outsourced
Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Development & Manufacturing, Gilead Alberta ULC, 1021 Hayter Rd NW, Edmonton, T6S 1A1, Canada
| | - Stefan Eissler
- Bachem
AG, Hauptstrasse 144, 4416 Bubendorf, Switzerland
| | - Balasubramanian Arumugam
- Chemical
Macromolecule Division, Asymchem Life Science
(Tianjin) Co., Ltd., 71 Seventh Avenue, TEDA Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Changfeng Li
- Chemical
Macromolecule Division, Asymchem Life Science
(Tianjin) Co., Ltd., 71 Seventh Avenue, TEDA Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Subha Mukherjee
- Chemical
Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | | | | | - Paul Richardson
- Chemistry, Pfizer, 10578 Science Center Drive (CB6), San Diego, California 09121, United States
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2
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Wang Y, Zou J, Zhao C, Jiang H, Song Y, Zhang L, Li X, Wang F, Fan L, Liu X, Wei M, Yang L. Building a Charge Transfer Bridge between g-C 3N 4 and Perovskite with Molecular Engineering to Achieve Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:13815-13827. [PMID: 38442230 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c19475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Effective defect passivation and efficient charge transfer within polycrystalline perovskite grains and corresponding boundaries are necessary to achieve highly efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, focusing on the boundary location of g-C3N4 during the crystallization modulation on perovskite, molecular engineering of 4-carboxyl-3-fluorophenylboronic acid (BF) on g-C3N4 was designed to obtain a novel additive named BFCN. With the help of the strong bonding ability of BF with both g-C3N4 and perovskite and favorable intramolecular charge transfer within BFCN, not only has the crystal quality of perovskite films been improved due to the effective defects passivation, but the charge transfer has also been greatly accelerated due to the formation of additional charge transfer channels on the grain boundaries. As a result, the champion BFCN-based PSCs achieve the highest photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.71% with good stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130013, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Physics Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Jinhang Zou
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Physics Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Congyu Zhao
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Physics Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Haipeng Jiang
- Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yuhuan Song
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130013, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Physics Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130013, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Physics Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130013, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Physics Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Fengyou Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130013, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Physics Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Lin Fan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130013, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Physics Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130013, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Physics Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Maobin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130013, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Physics Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Lili Yang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130013, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Physics Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
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3
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Deng K, Tian H, Zhang T, Gao Y, Nice EC, Huang C, Xie N, Ye G, Zhou Y. Chemo-photothermal nanoplatform with diselenide as the key for ferroptosis in colorectal cancer. J Control Release 2024; 366:684-693. [PMID: 38224739 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent clinical malignancy of the gastrointestinal system, and its clinical drug resistance is the leading cause of poor prognosis. Mechanistically, CRC cells possess a specific oxidative stress defense mechanism composed of a significant number of endogenous antioxidants, such as glutathione, to combat the damage produced by drug-induced excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS). We report on a new anti-CRC nanoplatform, a multifunctional chemo-photothermal nanoplatform based on Camptothecin (CPT) and IR820, an indocyanine dye. The implementation of a GSH-triggered ferroptosis-integrated tumor chemo-photothermal nanoplatform successfully addressed the poor targeting ability of CPT and IR820 while exhibiting significant growth inhibitory effects on CRC cells. Mechanistically, to offset the oxidative stress created by the broken SeSe bonds, endogenous GSH was continuously depleted, which inactivated GPX4 to accumulate lipid peroxides and induce ferroptosis. Concurrently, exogenously administered linoleic acid was oxidized under photothermal conditions, resulting in an increase in LPO accumulation. With the breakdown of the oxidative stress defense system, chemotherapeutic efficacy could be effectively enhanced. In combination with photoacoustic imaging, the nanoplatform could eradicate solid tumors by means of ferroptosis-sensitized chemotherapy. This study indicates that chemotherapy involving a ferroptosis mechanism is a viable method for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaili Deng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315020, China
| | - Hailong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yajie Gao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315020, China
| | - Edouard C Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Canhua Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315020, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Na Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Guoliang Ye
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315020, China.
| | - Yuping Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315020, China.
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4
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Uehara D, Adachi S, Tsubouchi A, Okada Y, Zhdankin VV, Yoshimura A, Saito A. Peptide coupling using recyclable bicyclic benziodazolone. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:956-959. [PMID: 38131348 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04431a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
We report a greener peptide coupling using bicyclic benziodazolone and triarylphosphine as coupling reagents. Bicyclic benziodazolone also works as a base and can be recovered as the corresponding iodine(I) compound after use, which can be converted to the original iodine(III) reagent by electrolytic oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daigo Uehara
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan.
| | - Sota Adachi
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Akira Tsubouchi
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan.
| | - Yohei Okada
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Viktor V Zhdankin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN, 55812, USA
| | - Akira Yoshimura
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aomori University, 2-3-1 Kobata, Aomori 030-0943, Japan
| | - Akio Saito
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan.
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5
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Tatsumi T, Sasamoto K, Matsumoto T, Hirano R, Oikawa K, Nakano M, Yoshida M, Oisaki K, Kanai M. Practical N-to-C peptide synthesis with minimal protecting groups. Commun Chem 2023; 6:231. [PMID: 37884638 PMCID: PMC10603086 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-01030-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Accessible drug modalities have continued to increase in number in recent years. Peptides play a central role as pharmaceuticals and biomaterials in these new drug modalities. Although traditional peptide synthesis using chain-elongation from C- to N-terminus is reliable, it produces large quantities of chemical waste derived from protecting groups and condensation reagents, which place a heavy burden on the environment. Here we report an alternative N-to-C elongation strategy utilizing catalytic peptide thioacid formation and oxidative peptide bond formation with main chain-unprotected amino acids under aerobic conditions. This method is applicable to both iterative peptide couplings and convergent fragment couplings without requiring elaborate condensation reagents and protecting group manipulations. A recyclable N-hydroxy pyridone additive effectively suppresses epimerization at the elongating chain. We demonstrate the practicality of this method by showcasing a straightforward synthesis of the nonapeptide DSIP. This method further opens the door to clean and atom-efficient peptide synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshifumi Tatsumi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Koki Sasamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takuya Matsumoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Ryo Hirano
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kazuki Oikawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Masato Nakano
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry (IRC3), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5-2, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Masaru Yoshida
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry (IRC3), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5-2, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Kounosuke Oisaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry (IRC3), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5-2, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan.
| | - Motomu Kanai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
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6
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da Costa GP, Blödorn GB, Barcellos AM, Alves D. Recent Advances in the Use of Diorganyl Diselenides as Versatile Catalysts. Molecules 2023; 28:6614. [PMID: 37764391 PMCID: PMC10534850 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of organoselenium compounds has been increasing in synthetic chemistry. These reagents are well-known as electrophiles and nucleophiles in many organic transformations, and in recent years, their functionality as catalysts has also been largely explored. The interest in organoselenium-based catalysts is due to their high efficacy, mild reaction conditions, strong functional compatibility, and great selectivity. Allied to organoselenium catalysts, the use of inorganic and organic oxidants that act by regenerating the catalytic species for the reaction pathway is common. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the last five years of organic transformations promoted by diorganyl diselenide as a selenium-based catalyst. This report is divided into four sections: (1) cyclisation reactions, (2) addition reactions and oxidative functionalisation, (3) oxidation and reduction reactions, and (4) reactions involving phosphorus-containing starting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Pereira da Costa
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa (LASOL), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos (CCQFA), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas 96010-900, Brazil;
| | - Gustavo Bierhals Blödorn
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa (LASOL), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos (CCQFA), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas 96010-900, Brazil;
| | - Angelita Manke Barcellos
- Escola de Química e Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Diego Alves
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa (LASOL), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos (CCQFA), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas 96010-900, Brazil;
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7
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Schrems M, Kravchuk AV, Niederacher G, Exler F, Bello C, Becker CFW. Light-Cleavable Auxiliary for Diselenide-Selenoester Ligations of Peptides and Proteins. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301253. [PMID: 37265454 PMCID: PMC10946927 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Diselenide-selenoester ligations are increasingly used for the synthesis of proteins. Excellent ligation rates, even at low concentrations, in combination with mild and selective deselenization conditions can overcome some of the most severe challenges in chemical protein synthesis. Herein, the versatile multicomponent synthesis and application of a new ligation auxiliary that combines a photocleavable scaffold with the advantages of selenium-based ligation strategies are presented. Its use was investigated with respect to different ligation junctions and describe a novel para-methoxybenzyl deprotection reaction for the selenol moiety. The glycine-based auxiliary enabled successful synthesis of the challenging target protein G-CSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Schrems
- Institute of Biological ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Str. 381090ViennaAustria
- Vienna Doctoral School in Chemistry (DoSChem)University of ViennaWähringer Str. 421090ViennaAustria
| | - Alexander V. Kravchuk
- Institute of Biological ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Str. 381090ViennaAustria
| | - Gerhard Niederacher
- Institute of Biological ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Str. 381090ViennaAustria
| | - Florian Exler
- Institute of Biological ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Str. 381090ViennaAustria
| | - Claudia Bello
- Interdepartmental Research Unit of Peptide and Protein Chemistry and BiologyDepartment of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”University of Florencevia della Lastruccia 1350019Sesto FiorentinoItaly
| | - Christian F. W. Becker
- Institute of Biological ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Str. 381090ViennaAustria
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8
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Yu S, Huang Y, Shen B, Zhang W, Xie Y, Gao Q, Zhao D, Wu Z, Liu Y. Peptide hydrogels: Synthesis, properties, and applications in food science. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:3053-3083. [PMID: 37194927 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Due to the unique and excellent biological, physical, and chemical properties of peptide hydrogels, their application in the biomedical field is extremely wide. The applications of peptide hydrogels are closely related to their unique responsiveness and excellent properties. However, its defects in mechanical properties, stability, and toxicity limit its application in the food field. In this review, we focus on the fabrication methods of peptide hydrogels through the physical, chemical, and biological stimulations. In addition, the functional design of peptide hydrogels by the incorporation with materials is discussed. Meanwhile, the excellent properties of peptide hydrogels such as the stimulus responsiveness, biocompatibility, antimicrobial properties, rheology, and stability are reviewed. Finally, the application of peptide hydrogel in the food field is summarized and prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Yu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yueying Huang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Biao Shen
- Zhoushan Customs District, Zhoushan, P. R. China
| | - Wang Zhang
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yan Xie
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Qi Gao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Zufang Wu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yanan Liu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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9
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Koshizuka M, Shinoda K, Makino K, Shimada N. Concise Synthesis of 2,5-Diketopiperazines via Catalytic Hydroxy-Directed Peptide Bond Formations. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37125993 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
2,5-Diketopiperazines (DKPs) with hydroxymethyl functional groups are essential structures found in many bioactive molecules and functional materials. We have established a simple protocol for the concise synthesis of this type of DKPs through diboronic acid anhydride-catalyzed hydroxy-directed peptide bond formations. The sequential reactions in this report, which consist of three steps, an intermolecular catalytic condensation reaction in which water is the only byproduct, a simple deprotection of the nitrogen-protecting group, and an intramolecular cyclization, enabled the synthesis of functionalized DKPs in high to excellent yields without any intermediate purification. The utility of this protocol has been demonstrated by synthesizing natural products, phomamide and Cyclo(Deala-l-Leu).
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Koshizuka
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry for Drug Development and Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Kaito Shinoda
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry for Drug Development and Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Kazuishi Makino
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry for Drug Development and Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Shimada
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry for Molecular Transformations, Department of Chemistry and the Institute of Natural Sciences, Nihon University, Tokyo 156-8550, Japan
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10
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Digal LD, Kirkeby EK, Austin MJ, Roberts AG. Design and Evaluation of Ambiphilic Aryl Thiol-Iminium-Based Molecules for Organocatalyzed Thioacyl Aminolysis. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:9319-9325. [PMID: 36936301 PMCID: PMC10018527 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Progress toward the design and synthesis of ambiphilic aryl thiol-iminium-based small molecules for organocatalyzed thioacyl aminolysis is reported. Here we describe the synthesis of a novel tetrahydroisoquinoline-derived scaffold, bearing both thiol and iminium functionalities, capable of promoting the transthioesterification and subsequent amine capture reactions necessary to achieve organocatalyzed thioacyl aminolysis. Model studies demonstrate the ability of this designed organocatalyst to deliver critical intermediates capable of undergoing these individual reactions necessary for the proposed process. Future design improvements and directions toward cysteine-independent organocatalyzed native chemical ligation are discussed.
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11
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Lee HJ, Choi ES, Maruoka K. Development of a catalytic ester activation protocol for the efficient formation of amide bonds using an Ar‐I/HF•pyridine/mCPBA system. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Jun Lee
- Kunsan National University Department of Chemistry KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Eun-Sol Choi
- Kunsan National University Department of Chemistry KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Keiji Maruoka
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sakyo 606-8501 Kyoto JAPAN
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12
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A diselenobis-functionalized magnetic catalyst based on iron oxide/silica nanoparticles suggested for amidation reactions. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14865. [PMID: 36050366 PMCID: PMC9436994 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19030-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a new heterogeneous magnetic catalytic system based on selenium-functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles is presented and suggested for facilitating amide/peptide bonds formation. The prepared nanocatalyst, entitled as “Fe3O4/SiO2-DSBA” (DSBA stands for 2,2′-diselanediylbis benzamide), has been precisely characterized for identifying its physicochemical properties. As the most brilliant point, the catalytic performance of the designed system can be mentioned, where only a small amount of Fe3O4/SiO2-DSBA (0.25 mol%) has resulted in 89% reaction yield, under a mild condition. Also, given high importance of green chemistry, convenient catalyst particles separation from the reaction medium through its paramagnetic property (ca. 30 emu·g−1) should be noticed. This particular property provided a substantial opportunity to recover the catalyst particles and successfully reuse them for at least three successive times. Moreover, due to showing other excellences, such as economic benefits and nontoxicity, the presented catalytic system is recommended to be scaled up and exploited in the industrial applications.
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13
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Nakashima E, Yamamoto H. Biomimetic Peptide Catalytic Bond‐Forming Utilizing a Mild Brønsted Acid. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202103989. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erika Nakashima
- College of Engineering Chubu University 1200 Matsumoto-cho Kasugai Aichi 487-8501 Japan
| | - Hisashi Yamamoto
- Frontier Research Insititute Chubu University 1200 Matsumoto-cho Kasugai Aichi 487-8501 Japan
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14
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Muramatsu W, Yamamoto H. An economical approach for peptide synthesis via regioselective C-N bond cleavage of lactams. Chem Sci 2022; 13:6309-6315. [PMID: 35733900 PMCID: PMC9159104 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01466a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An economical, solvent-free, and metal-free method for peptide synthesis via C-N bond cleavage using lactams has been developed. The method not only eliminates the need for condensation agents and their auxiliaries, which are essential for conventional peptide synthesis, but also exhibits high atom economy. The reaction is versatile because it can tolerate side chains bearing a range of functional groups, affording up to >99% yields of the corresponding peptides without racemisation or polymerisation. Moreover, the developed strategy enables peptide segment coupling, providing access to a hexapeptide that occurs as a repeat sequence in spider silk proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Muramatsu
- Peptide Research Center, Chubu University 1200 Matsumoto-cho Kasugai Aichi 487-8501 Japan
| | - Hisashi Yamamoto
- Peptide Research Center, Chubu University 1200 Matsumoto-cho Kasugai Aichi 487-8501 Japan
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15
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Li Z, Shen J, Jiang Q, Shen S, Zhou J, Zeng H. Directionally aligned crown ethers as superactive organocatalysts for transition metal ion-free arylation of unactivated arenes. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200303. [PMID: 35560810 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
When one-dimensionally aligned to the same side, multiple non-covalently associated crown ether groups could act as a whole to yield a higher catalytic activity than an individual poorly active crown ether group, delivering the lowest catalyst loading of 1 - 2 mol% among all hitherto known organocatalysts for catalyzing direct arylation of unactivated arenes with haloarenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojie Li
- Nanjing University, School of Medicine, CHINA
| | - Jie Shen
- Hainan University, Department of Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Qing Jiang
- Nanjing University, School of Medicine, CHINA
| | - Sheng Shen
- Nanjing University, School of Medicine, CHINA
| | - Jing Zhou
- Nanjing University, Medical School, 22 Hankou Road, 210093, Nanjing, CHINA
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16
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Pawlas J, Rasmussen JH. Environmentally Sensible Organocatalytic Fmoc/ t-Bu Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis. Org Lett 2022; 24:1827-1832. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Pawlas
- PolyPeptide Group, Limhamnsvägen 108, P.O. Box 30089, 20061 Limhamn, Sweden
| | - Jon H. Rasmussen
- PolyPeptide Group, Limhamnsvägen 108, P.O. Box 30089, 20061 Limhamn, Sweden
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17
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Handoko, Panigrahi NR, Arora PS. Two-Component Redox Organocatalyst for Peptide Bond Formation. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:3637-3643. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c12798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Handoko
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Nihar R. Panigrahi
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Paramjit S. Arora
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003, United States
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18
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Li Y, Li J, Bao G, Yu C, Liu Y, He Z, Wang P, Ma W, Xie J, Sun W, Wang R. NDTP Mediated Direct Rapid Amide and Peptide Synthesis without Epimerization. Org Lett 2022; 24:1169-1174. [PMID: 34994572 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c04258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we explored an unprecedented mild, nonirritating, conveniently available, and recyclable coupling reagent NDTP, which could activate the carboxylic acids via acyl thiocyanide and enable the rapid amide and peptide synthesis at very mild conditions. In addition, the methodology was compatible with Fmoc-SPPS, which may provide an alternative to peptide manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Li
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Rd, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Jingyue Li
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Rd, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Guangjun Bao
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Rd, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Changjun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Rd, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Yuyang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Rd, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Zeyuan He
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Rd, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Rd, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Wen Ma
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Rd, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Junqiu Xie
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Rd, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Wangsheng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Rd, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Rui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Rd, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China.,Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
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19
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Girase PS, Kumar V, Dhawan S, Karpoormath R. Facile Synthesis of Amides through Transamidation with Iodine under Neat Conditions. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj S. Girase
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Health Sciences University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville) Durban 4000 South Africa
| | - Vishal Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Health Sciences University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville) Durban 4000 South Africa
| | - Sanjeev Dhawan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Health Sciences University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville) Durban 4000 South Africa
| | - Rajshekhar Karpoormath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Health Sciences University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville) Durban 4000 South Africa
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20
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Braddock DC, Davies JJ, Lickiss PD. Methyltrimethoxysilane (MTM) as a Reagent for Direct Amidation of Carboxylic Acids. Org Lett 2022; 24:1175-1179. [PMID: 35084870 PMCID: PMC9007566 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c04265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Methyltrimethoxysilane [MTM, CH3Si(OMe)3]
has been demonstrated to be an effective, inexpensive, and safe reagent
for the direct amidation of carboxylic acids with amines. Two simple
workup procedures that provide the pure amide product without the
need for further purification have been developed. The first employs
an aqueous base-mediated annihilation of MTM. The second involves
simple product crystallization from the reaction mixture providing
a low process mass intensity
direct amidation protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Christopher Braddock
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Joshua J Davies
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Paul D Lickiss
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
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21
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Su J, Mo J, Chen X, Umanzor A, Zhang Z, Houk KN, Zhao J. Generation of Oxyphosphonium Ions by Photoredox/Cobaloxime Catalysis for Scalable Amide and Peptide Synthesis in Batch and Continuous‐Flow. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202112668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junqi Su
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 P. R. China
| | - Jia‐Nan Mo
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 P. R. China
| | - Xiangyang Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Alexander Umanzor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 P. R. China
| | - Kendall N. Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Jiannan Zhao
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 P. R. China
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22
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Su J, Mo JN, Chen X, Umanzor A, Zhang Z, Houk KN, Zhao J. Generation of Oxyphosphonium Ions by Photoredox/Cobaloxime Catalysis for Scalable Amide and Peptide Synthesis in Batch and Continuous-Flow. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202112668. [PMID: 34783121 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202112668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Phosphine-mediated deoxygenative nucleophilic substitutions, such as the Mitsunobu reaction, are of great importance in organic synthesis. However, the conventional protocols require stoichiometric oxidants to trigger the formation of the oxyphosphonium intermediates for the subsequent nucleophilic additions. Through dual catalysis of photoredox and cobaloxime, we realized a radical strategy for the catalytic formation of acyloxyphosphonium ions that enables direct amidation. The deoxygenative protocol exhibits a broad scope and has been used in the late-stage amidation of drug molecules. In addition to batch reactions, a continuous-flow reactor was developed, enabling rapid peptide synthesis on gram scale. The successful assembly of a tetrapeptide on the solid support further demonstrated the versatility of this photocatalytic system. Moreover, experimental and computational studies are consistent with the hypothesis of acyloxyphosphonium ions being formed as the key intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqi Su
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Nan Mo
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Xiangyang Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Alexander Umanzor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Kendall N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Jiannan Zhao
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
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23
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Chen F, Li F, Zeng Q. Synthesis of Dibenzylic Diselenides from Elemental Selenium and Benzylic Quaternary Ammonium Salts. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection College of Materials, Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu 610059 China
| | - Fuhai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection College of Materials, Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu 610059 China
| | - Qingle Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection College of Materials, Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu 610059 China
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24
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Nagahara S, Okada Y, Kitano Y, Chiba K. Biphasic electrochemical peptide synthesis. Chem Sci 2021; 12:12911-12917. [PMID: 34745521 PMCID: PMC8513919 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03023j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The large amount of waste derived from coupling reagents is a serious drawback of peptide synthesis from a green chemistry viewpoint. To overcome this issue, we report an electrochemical peptide synthesis in a biphasic system. Anodic oxidation of triphenylphosphine (Ph3P) generates a phosphine radical cation, which serves as the coupling reagent to activate carboxylic acids, and produces triphenylphosphine oxide (Ph3P
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
]]>
O) as a stoichiometric byproduct. In combination with a soluble tag-assisted liquid-phase peptide synthesis, the selective recovery of desired peptides and Ph3PO was achieved. Given that methods to reduce Ph3PO to Ph3P have been reported, Ph3PO could be a recyclable byproduct unlike byproducts from typical coupling reagents. Moreover, a commercial peptide active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), leuprorelin, was successfully synthesized without the use of traditional coupling reagents. The large amount of waste derived from coupling reagents is a serious drawback of peptide synthesis from a green chemistry viewpoint.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Nagahara
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology 3-5-8- Saiwai-cho Fuchu Tokyo 183-8509 Japan
| | - Yohei Okada
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology 3-5-8- Saiwai-cho Fuchu Tokyo 183-8509 Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Kitano
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology 3-5-8- Saiwai-cho Fuchu Tokyo 183-8509 Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Chiba
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology 3-5-8- Saiwai-cho Fuchu Tokyo 183-8509 Japan
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25
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Wang Z, Wang X, Wang P, Zhao J. Allenone-Mediated Racemization/Epimerization-Free Peptide Bond Formation and Its Application in Peptide Synthesis. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:10374-10381. [PMID: 34191506 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c04614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Allenone has been identified as a highly effective peptide coupling reagent for the first time. The peptide bond was formed with an α-carbonyl vinyl ester as the key intermediate, the formation and subsequent aminolysis of which proceed spontaneously in a racemization-/epimerization-free manner. The allenone coupling reagent not only is effective for the synthesis of simple amides and dipeptides but is also amenable to peptide fragment condensation and solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS). The robustness of the allenone-mediated peptide bond formation was showcased incisively by the synthesis of carfilzomib, which involved a rare racemization-/epimerization-free N to C peptide elongation strategy. Furthermore, the successful synthesis of the model difficult peptide ACP (65-74) on a solid support suggested that this method was compatible with SPPS. This method combines the advantages of conventional active esters and coupling reagents, while overcoming the disadvantages of both strategies. Thus, this allenone-mediated peptide bond formation strategy represents a disruptive innovation in peptide synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengning Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, Guangdong, P. R. China.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Xuewei Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, Guangdong, P. R. China.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Penghui Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, Guangdong, P. R. China.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Junfeng Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, Guangdong, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, Shaanxi, China.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, Jiangxi, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
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26
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Muramatsu W, Hattori T, Yamamoto H. Amide bond formation: beyond the dilemma between activation and racemisation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:6346-6359. [PMID: 34121110 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc01795k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of methods for amide bond formation without recourse to typical condensation reagents has become an emerging research area and has been actively explored in the past quarter century. Inspired by the structure of vitamin B12, we have developed a metal-templated macrolactamisation that generates a new wave towards classical macrolactam synthesis. Further, distinct from the extensively used methods with condensation reagents or catalysts based on catalyst/reagent control our metal-catalysed methods based on substrate control can effectively address long-standing challenges such as racemisation in the field of peptide chemistry. In addition, the substrate-controlled strategy demonstrates the feasibility of "remote" peptide bond-forming reaction catalysed by a metal-ligand complex. Moreover, an originally designed hydrosilane/aminosilane system can avoid not only racemisation but also unnecessary waste production. This feature article documents our discovery and application of our original approaches in amide bond formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Muramatsu
- Molecular Catalyst Research Center, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan.
| | - Tomohiro Hattori
- Molecular Catalyst Research Center, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan.
| | - Hisashi Yamamoto
- Molecular Catalyst Research Center, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan.
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27
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Leveson-Gower R, Zhou Z, Drienovská I, Roelfes G. Unlocking Iminium Catalysis in Artificial Enzymes to Create a Friedel-Crafts Alkylase. ACS Catal 2021; 11:6763-6770. [PMID: 34168902 PMCID: PMC8218303 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c00996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The construction and engineering of artificial enzymes consisting of abiological catalytic moieties incorporated into protein scaffolds is a promising strategy to realize non-natural mechanisms in biocatalysis. Here, we show that incorporation of the noncanonical amino acid para-aminophenylalanine (pAF) into the nonenzymatic protein scaffold LmrR creates a proficient and stereoselective artificial enzyme (LmrR_pAF) for the vinylogous Friedel-Crafts alkylation between α,β-unsaturated aldehydes and indoles. pAF acts as a catalytic residue, activating enal substrates toward conjugate addition via the formation of intermediate iminium ion species, while the protein scaffold provides rate acceleration and stereoinduction. Improved LmrR_pAF variants were identified by low-throughput directed evolution advised by alanine-scanning to obtain a triple mutant that provided higher yields and enantioselectivities for a range of aliphatic enals and substituted indoles. Analysis of Michaelis-Menten kinetics of LmrR_pAF and evolved mutants reveals that different activities emerge via evolutionary pathways that diverge from one another and specialize catalytic reactivity. Translating this iminium-based catalytic mechanism into an enzymatic context will enable many more biocatalytic transformations inspired by organocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reuben
B. Leveson-Gower
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Zhi Zhou
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Gerard Roelfes
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
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28
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de Azambuja F, Loosen A, Conic D, van den Besselaar M, Harvey JN, Parac-Vogt TN. En Route to a Heterogeneous Catalytic Direct Peptide Bond Formation by Zr-Based Metal–Organic Framework Catalysts. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c01782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexandra Loosen
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dragan Conic
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Jeremy N. Harvey
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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29
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihao Liao
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodan Zhao
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
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30
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Yokoya M, Kimura S, Yamanaka M. Urea Derivatives as Functional Molecules: Supramolecular Capsules, Supramolecular Polymers, Supramolecular Gels, Artificial Hosts, and Catalysts. Chemistry 2021; 27:5601-5614. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Yokoya
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University (MPU) 2-522-1 Noshio Kiyose 204-8588 Japan
| | - Shinya Kimura
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University (MPU) 2-522-1 Noshio Kiyose 204-8588 Japan
| | - Masamichi Yamanaka
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University (MPU) 2-522-1 Noshio Kiyose 204-8588 Japan
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31
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Meyer T, Konrath R, Kamer PCJ, Wu X. Pincer Ligand Enhanced Rhodium‐Catalyzed Carbonylation of Formaldehyde: Direct Ethylene Glycol Production. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Meyer
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT) an der Universität Rostock Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Robert Konrath
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT) an der Universität Rostock Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Paul C. J. Kamer
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT) an der Universität Rostock Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Xiao‐Feng Wu
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT) an der Universität Rostock Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences 116023 Dalian Liaoning P. R. China
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32
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihajlo Todorovic
- Department of Chemistry University of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - David M. Perrin
- Department of Chemistry University of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia Canada
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33
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Saito S, Movahed FS, Sawant DN, Bagal DB. Tris(o-phenylenedioxy)cyclotriphosphazene as a Promoter for the Formation of Amide Bonds Between Aromatic Acids and Amines. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1707174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The atom-efficient formation of amide bonds has emerged as a top-priority research field in organic synthesis, as amide bonds constitute the backbones of proteins and represent an important structural motif in drug molecules. Currently, the increasing demand for novel discoveries in this field has focused substantial attention on this challenging subject. Herein, the degradable 1,3,5-triazo-2,4,6-triphosphorine (TAP) motif is presented as a new condensation system for the dehydrative formation of amide bonds between diverse combinations of aromatic carboxylic acids and amines. The underlying reaction mechanism was investigated, and potential catalyst intermediates were characterized using 31P NMR spectroscopy and ESI mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susumu Saito
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University
- Research Center for Materials Science, Nagoya University
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34
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary P. Gates
- p53 Lab, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore Singapore
| | - Nina Hartrampf
- Department of Chemistry University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
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35
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Affiliation(s)
- Zebediah C. Girvin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Samuel H. Gellman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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36
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Bukya H, Nayani K, Gangireddy P, Mainkar PS. Benzoisothiazolone (BIT): A Fast, Efficient, and Recyclable Redox Reagent for Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hemalatha Bukya
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry CSIR‐Indian Institute of Chemical Technology 500007 Hyderabad India
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) 500037 Hyderabad India
| | - Kiranmai Nayani
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry CSIR‐Indian Institute of Chemical Technology 500007 Hyderabad India
| | - Pavankumar Gangireddy
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) 500037 Hyderabad India
- NSJ Prayog Life Sciences 500007 Hyderabad India
| | - Prathama S. Mainkar
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry CSIR‐Indian Institute of Chemical Technology 500007 Hyderabad India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) 201002 Ghaziabad India
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37
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Handoko, Benslimane Z, Arora PS. Diselenide-Mediated Catalytic Functionalization of Hydrophosphoryl Compounds. Org Lett 2020; 22:5811-5816. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Handoko
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Zacharia Benslimane
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Paramjit S. Arora
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003, United States
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38
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Chu X, Wu Y, Lu H, Yang B, Ma C. Copper-Catalyzed Direct Carbamoylation of Quinoxalin-2(1H
)-ones with Hydrazinecarboxamides Under Mild Conditions. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xianglong Chu
- school of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shandong University; 250100 Jinan P.R. China
| | - Yujuan Wu
- school of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shandong University; 250100 Jinan P.R. China
| | - Haigen Lu
- school of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shandong University; 250100 Jinan P.R. China
| | - Bingchuan Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Liaocheng University; 252059 Liaocheng P.R. China
| | - Chen Ma
- school of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shandong University; 250100 Jinan P.R. China
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39
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Kirkeby EK, Roberts AG. Design, synthesis and characterization of structurally dynamic cyclic N,S-acetals. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:9118-9121. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc03503c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis, characterization and comparison of a series of electronically perturbed, cyclic N,S-acetals.
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