1
|
Hama JR, Fomsgaard IS, Topalović O, Vestergård M. Root uptake of cereal benzoxazinoids grants resistance to root-knot nematode invasion in white clover. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 210:108636. [PMID: 38657547 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Plants synthesize a plethora of chemical defence compounds, which vary between evolutionary lineages. We hypothesize that plants evolved the ability to utilize defence compounds synthesized and released by neighbouring heterospecific plants. In two experiments, we incubated clover (Trifolium repens L.) seedlings with individual benzoxazinoid (BX) compounds (2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one, 2-hydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one, benzoxazolinone, and 6-methoxy- benzoxazolin-2-one), a group of bioactive compounds produced by cereals, to allow clover BX uptake. Subsequently, we transplanted the seedlings into soil and quantified BX root and shoot content and invasion of root-knot nematodes in clover roots up to 8 weeks after transplantation. We show that clover root uptake of BXs substantially enhanced clover's resistance against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. This effect lasted up to 6 weeks after the clover roots were exposed to the BXs. BXs were absorbed by clover roots, and then translocated to the shoots. As a result of clover metabolization, we detected the parent BXs and a range of their transformation products in the roots and shoots. Based on these novel findings, we envisage that co-cultivation of crop species with complementary and transferable chemical defence systems can add to plant protection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jawameer R Hama
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Forsøgsvej 1, 4200, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Inge S Fomsgaard
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Forsøgsvej 1, 4200, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Olivera Topalović
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Forsøgsvej 1, 4200, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Mette Vestergård
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Forsøgsvej 1, 4200, Slagelse, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Thoenen L, Giroud C, Kreuzer M, Waelchli J, Gfeller V, Deslandes-Hérold G, Mateo P, Robert CAM, Ahrens CH, Rubio-Somoza I, Bruggmann R, Erb M, Schlaeppi K. Bacterial tolerance to host-exuded specialized metabolites structures the maize root microbiome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2310134120. [PMID: 37878725 PMCID: PMC10622871 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2310134120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants exude specialized metabolites from their roots, and these compounds are known to structure the root microbiome. However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. We established a representative collection of maize root bacteria and tested their tolerance against benzoxazinoids (BXs), the dominant specialized and bioactive metabolites in the root exudates of maize plants. In vitro experiments revealed that BXs inhibited bacterial growth in a strain- and compound-dependent manner. Tolerance against these selective antimicrobial compounds depended on bacterial cell wall structure. Further, we found that native root bacteria isolated from maize tolerated the BXs better compared to nonhost Arabidopsis bacteria. This finding suggests the adaptation of the root bacteria to the specialized metabolites of their host plant. Bacterial tolerance to 6-methoxy-benzoxazolin-2-one (MBOA), the most abundant and selective antimicrobial metabolite in the maize rhizosphere, correlated significantly with the abundance of these bacteria on BX-exuding maize roots. Thus, strain-dependent tolerance to BXs largely explained the abundance pattern of bacteria on maize roots. Abundant bacteria generally tolerated MBOA, while low abundant root microbiome members were sensitive to this compound. Our findings reveal that tolerance to plant specialized metabolites is an important competence determinant for root colonization. We propose that bacterial tolerance to root-derived antimicrobial compounds is an underlying mechanism determining the structure of host-specific microbial communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Thoenen
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern3013, Switzerland
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel4056, Switzerland
| | - Caitlin Giroud
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel4056, Switzerland
| | - Marco Kreuzer
- Interfaculty Bioinformatics Unit, University of Bern, Bern3012, Switzerland
| | - Jan Waelchli
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel4056, Switzerland
| | - Valentin Gfeller
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern3013, Switzerland
| | | | - Pierre Mateo
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern3013, Switzerland
| | | | - Christian H. Ahrens
- Method Development and Analytics, Group Molecular Ecology, Agroscope, Zürich8046, Switzerland
| | - Ignacio Rubio-Somoza
- Molecular Reprogramming and Evolution Lab, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics, Barcelona08193, Spain
| | - Rémy Bruggmann
- Interfaculty Bioinformatics Unit, University of Bern, Bern3012, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Erb
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern3013, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Schlaeppi
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern3013, Switzerland
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel4056, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wu HC, His HY, Hsiao G, Yen CH, Leu JY, Wu CC, Chang SH, Huang SJ, Lee TH. Chemical Constituents and Bioactive Principles from the Mexican Truffle and Fermented Products of the Derived Fungus Ustilago maydis MZ496986. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:1122-1131. [PMID: 36597352 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
To look in-depth into the traditional Mexican truffle, this study investigated the phytochemical and pharmacological properties of field-collected corn galls and the fermentate of its pathogen Ustilago maydis MZ496986. Here, we established the chemical profiles of both materials via the gradient HPLC-UV method and successfully identified six previously unreported chemical entities, ustilagols A-F (1-6), and 17 known components. Compounds 3, 5, and 9 exhibited potent nitric oxide production inhibitory activities in murine brain microglial BV-2 cells (IC50 = 6.7 ± 0.5, 5.8 ± 0.9, and 3.9 ± 0.1 μM) without cytotoxic effects. DIMBOA (9) also attenuates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated NF-κB activation in RAW 264.7 macrophages (IC50 = 58.1 ± 7.2 μM). Ustilagol G (7) showed potent antiplatelet aggregation in U46619-stimulated human platelets (IC50 = 16.5 ± 5.3 μM). These findings highlighted the potential of corn galls and U. maydis MZ496986 fermentate as functional foods for improving inflammation-related discomforts and vascular obstruction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Cheng Wu
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, R.O.C
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, R.O.C
| | - Hsiao-Yang His
- Institute of Fisheries Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, R.O.C
| | - George Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei 110, R.O.C
| | - Chia-Hung Yen
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, R.O.C
| | - Jyh-Yih Leu
- Department of Life Science, College of Science and Engineering, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, R.O.C
| | - Chin-Chung Wu
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, R.O.C
| | - Szu-Hsing Chang
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, Fu-jen Catholic University, New Taipei 242, R.O.C
| | - Shu-Jung Huang
- Institute of Fisheries Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, R.O.C
| | - Tzong-Huei Lee
- Institute of Fisheries Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, R.O.C
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Combining the In Silico and In Vitro Assays to Identify Strobilanthes cusia Kuntze Bioactives against Penicillin-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16010105. [PMID: 36678602 PMCID: PMC9863409 DOI: 10.3390/ph16010105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Leaves of Strobilanthes cusia Kuntze (S. cusia) are a widely used alexipharmic Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in southern China for the prevention of cold and respiratory tract infectious diseases. One of the most common bacterial pathogens in the respiratory tract is the gram-positive bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae. The antibiotic resistance of colonized S. pneumoniae makes it a more serious threat to public health. In this study, the leaves of S. cusia were found to perform antibacterial effects on the penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae (PRSP). Confocal assay and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) monitored the diminished cell wall integrity and capsule thickness of the PRSP with treatment. The following comparative proteomics analysis revealed that the glycometabolism-related pathways were enriched for the differentially expressed proteins between the samples with treatment and the control. To further delve into the specific single effective compound, the bio-active contents of leaves of S. cusia were analyzed by UPLC-UV-ESI-Q-TOF/MS, and 23 compounds were isolated for anti-PRSP screening. Among them, Tryptanthrin demonstrated the most promising effect, and it possibly inhibited the N-glycan degradation proteins, as suggested by reverse docking analysis in silico and further experimental verification by the surface plasmon resonance assay (SPR). Our study provided a research foundation for applications of the leaves of S. cusia as a TCM, and supplied a bio-active compound Tryptanthrin as a candidate drug skeleton for infectious diseases caused by the PRSP.
Collapse
|
5
|
de la Calle ME, Cabrera G, Linares-Pineda T, Cantero D, Molinillo JMG, Varela RM, Valle A, Bolívar J. Automatable downstream purification of the benzohydroxamic acid D-DIBOA from a biocatalytic synthesis. N Biotechnol 2022; 72:48-57. [PMID: 36155894 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Herbicides play a vital role in agriculture, contributing to increased crop productivity by minimizing weed growth, but their low degradability presents a threat to the environment and human health. Allelochemicals, such as DIBOA (2,4-dihydroxy-(2H)-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4 H)-one), are secondary metabolites released by certain plants that affect the survival or growth of other organisms. Although these metabolites have an attractive potential for use as herbicides, their low natural production is a critical hurdle. Previously, the synthesis of the biologically active analog D-DIBOA (4-hydroxy-(2H)-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one) was achieved, using an engineered E. coli strain as a whole-cell biocatalyst, capable of transforming a precursor compound into D-DIBOA and exporting it into the culture medium, although it cannot be directly applied to crops. Here a chromatographic method to purify D-DIBOA from this cell culture medium without producing organic solvent wastes is described. The purification of D-DIBOA from a filtered culture medium to the pure compound could also be automated. Biological tests with the purified compound on weed models showed that it has virtually the same activity than the chemically synthesized D-DIBOA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elena de la Calle
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain; Institute of Viticulture and Agri-Food Research (IVAGRO)-International Campus of Excellence (ceiA3), University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Gema Cabrera
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain; Institute of Viticulture and Agri-Food Research (IVAGRO)-International Campus of Excellence (ceiA3), University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Teresa Linares-Pineda
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health-Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain; Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Domingo Cantero
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain; Institute of Viticulture and Agri-Food Research (IVAGRO)-International Campus of Excellence (ceiA3), University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain
| | - José M G Molinillo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain; Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Rosa M Varela
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain; Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Antonio Valle
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health-Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain; Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Jorge Bolívar
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health-Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain; Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ionic liquid-catalyzed synthesis of (1,4-benzoxazin-3-yl) malonate derivatives via cross-dehydrogenative-coupling reactions. HETEROCYCL COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/hc-2022-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
A convenient C(sp3)–C(sp3) oxidative dehydrogenative coupling reaction of 1,4-benzoxazin-2-ones with malonate esters was developed under mild conditions to obtain the respective ester malonates in high yields. Reactions take place in [omim]FeCl4, acting as both the solvent and the catalyst. Under [omim]Cl/FeCl3-DDQ conditions, derivatives of 1 coupled with malonate 2 to give the target molecules within 1–2 h time periods. The ionic liquid was recovered and reused in the next reactions without losing its efficiency.
Collapse
|
7
|
Bhattarai B, Steffensen SK, Gregersen PL, Kristensen HL, Fomsgaard IS. Stepwise mass spectrometry-based approach for confirming the presence of benzoxazinoids in herbs and vegetables. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2021; 32:283-297. [PMID: 32688439 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Benzoxazinoids (BXs) are plant phytochemicals that have both defensive properties in plants and therapeutic effects in humans. The presence of BXs has been largely studied in the Poaceae family (monocots). To study the presence or absence of BXs in dicotyledons and monocotyledons outside the Poaceae family, parts of 24 plant species at several growth stages were selected for analysis, some of which were already known to contain BXs. OBJECTIVES To devise a stepwise mass spectrometry-based approach for confirming the presence of BXs in plant samples, and to use the method to explore the status of BXs in selected plant species. EXPERIMENTAL Plant samples were extracted using accelerated solvent extraction and analysed using triple-quadrupole liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS The use of different columns, double mass transitions, and ion ratios proved to be a robust tool for confirming the presence of BXs in different plant species. By this method, the presence of BXs was confirmed in three of the 24 species. Double-hexose forms of BXs, which have not been reported before in dicotyledons, were confirmed to be present in the dicotyledon plants Acanthus mollis and Lamium galeobdolon, and the presence of BXs in the seeds of Consolida orientalis is reported for the first time here. High concentrations of BXs were found in the aerial parts of Acanthus mollis and Lamium galeobdolon, at 20 and 32 μmol/g plant dry weight, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The stepwise approach described in this work confirmed the presence of BXs in new samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bina Bhattarai
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Slagelse, Denmark
| | | | - Per L Gregersen
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Slagelse, Denmark
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Optimization of the Biocatalysis for D-DIBOA Synthesis Using a Quick and Sensitive New Spectrophotometric Quantification Method. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228523. [PMID: 33198293 PMCID: PMC7697731 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
D-DIBOA (4-hydroxy-(2H)-1,4-benzoxazin-3-(4H)-one) is an allelopathic-derived compound with interesting herbicidal, fungicidal, and insecticide properties whose production has been successfully achieved by biocatalysis using a genetically engineered Escherichia coli strain. However, improvement and scaling-up of this process are hampered by the current methodology for D-DIBOA quantification, which is based on high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC), a time-consuming technique that requires expensive equipment and the use of environmentally unsafe solvents. In this work, we established and validated a rapid, simple, and sensitive spectrophotometric method for the quantification of the D-DIBOA produced by whole-cell biocatalysis, with limits of detection and quantification of 0.0165 and 0.0501 µmol·mL−1 respectively. This analysis takes place in only a few seconds and can be carried out using 100 µL of the sample in a microtiter plate reader. We performed several whole-cell biocatalysis strategies to optimize the process by monitoring D-DIBOA production every hour to keep control of both precursor and D-DIBOA concentrations in the bioreactor. These experiments allowed increasing the D-DIBOA production from the previously reported 5.01 mM up to 7.17 mM (43% increase). This methodology will facilitate processes such as the optimization of the biocatalyst, the scaling up, and the downstream purification.
Collapse
|
9
|
Kowalska I, Kowalczyk M. Determination of benzoxazinoids in Spring and Winter varieties of wheat using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2019. [DOI: 10.1556/1326.2018.00418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I. Kowalska
- Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation — State Research Institute,Czartoryskich 8, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
| | - M. Kowalczyk
- Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation — State Research Institute,Czartoryskich 8, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
de la Calle ME, Cabrera G, Cantero D, Valle A, Bolivar J. Overexpression of the nitroreductase NfsB in an E. coli strain as a whole-cell biocatalyst for the production of chlorinated analogues of the natural herbicide DIBOA. N Biotechnol 2019; 50:9-19. [PMID: 30630092 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Benzohydroxamic acids, such as DIBOA (2,4-dihydroxy-2 H)-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4 H)-one), are plant products that exhibit interesting herbicidal, fungicidal and bactericidal properties. A feasible alternative to their purification from natural sources is the synthesis of analogous compounds such as D-DIBOA (2-deoxy-DIBOA) and their chlorinated derivatives. Their chemical synthesis has been simplified into two steps. However, the second step is an exothermic reaction and involves hydrogen release, which makes this methodology expensive and difficult to scale up. The study reported here concerns the possibility of producing chlorobenzoxazinones by a whole-cell biocatalytic process using the ability of the engineered E. coli nfsB-/pBAD-NfsB to catalyse the synthesis of 6-Cl-D-DIBOA and 8-Cl-D-DIBOA from their respective precursors (PCs). The results show that this strain is able to grow in media that contain these compounds and to produce the target molecules with 59.3% and 46.7% biotransformation yields, respectively. Moreover, the strain is capable of processing non-purified PCs from the first chemical step to give similar yields to those obtained from the purified PCs. The kinetics of the reaction in vitro with purified recombinant NfsB nitroreductase were studied to characterise the catalysis further and evaluate the effects that several components of the non-purified PCs have on the process. The results revealed that the kinetics are that of an allosteric enzyme. The inhibitory effect of the substrate of the first step of the chemical synthesis, which is present in some non-purified PCs, was also demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elena de la Calle
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, University of Cadiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Universidad de Cádiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Gema Cabrera
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, University of Cadiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Universidad de Cádiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Domingo Cantero
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, University of Cadiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Universidad de Cádiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Antonio Valle
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health-Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Cadiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Universidad de Cádiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain.
| | - Jorge Bolivar
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health-Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Cadiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Universidad de Cádiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
de la Calle ME, Cabrera G, Cantero D, Valle A, Bolivar J. A genetically engineered Escherichia coli strain overexpressing the nitroreductase NfsB is capable of producing the herbicide D-DIBOA with 100% molar yield. Microb Cell Fact 2019; 18:86. [PMID: 31109333 PMCID: PMC6526606 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-019-1135-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The use of chemical herbicides has helped to improve agricultural production, although its intensive use has led to environmental damages. Plant allelochemicals are interesting alternatives due to their diversity and degradability in the environment. However, the main drawback of this option is their low natural production, which could be overcome by its chemical synthesis. In the case of the allelochemical DIBOA ((2,4-dihydroxy-2H)-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one), the synthesis of the analogous compound D-DIBOA (2-deoxy-DIBOA) has been achieved in two steps. However, the scale up of this synthesis is hindered by the second step, which uses an expensive catalyst and is an exothermic reaction, with hydrogen release and a relatively low molar yield (70%). We have previously explored the “Green Chemistry” alternative of using E. coli strains overexpressing the nitroreductase NfsB as a whole-cell-biocatalyst to replace this second step, although the molar yield in this case was lower than that of the chemical synthesis. Results In this work, we engineered an E. coli strain capable of carrying out this reaction with 100% molar yield and reaching a D-DIBOA concentration up to 379% respect to the highest biotransformation yield previously reported. This was achieved by a screening of 34 E. coli mutant strains in order to improve D-DIBOA production that led to the construction of the ΔlapAΔfliQ double mutant as an optimum genetic background for overexpression of the NfsB enzyme and D-DIBOA synthesis. Also, the use of a defined medium instead of a complex one, the optimization of the culture conditions and the development of processes with several substrate loads allowed obtaining maxima yields and concentrations. Conclusions The high yields and concentrations of D-DIBOA reached by the microbial-cell-factory approach developed in this work will facilitate its application to industrial scale. Also, the use of an optimized defined medium with only an organic molecule (glucose as carbon and energy source) in its composition will also facilitate the downstream processes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12934-019-1135-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elena de la Calle
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, University of Cadiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Puerto Real, 11510, Cadiz, Spain.,Institute of Viticulture and Agri-Food Research (IVAGRO)-International Campus of Excellence (ceiA3), University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Gema Cabrera
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, University of Cadiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Puerto Real, 11510, Cadiz, Spain.,Institute of Viticulture and Agri-Food Research (IVAGRO)-International Campus of Excellence (ceiA3), University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Domingo Cantero
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, University of Cadiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Puerto Real, 11510, Cadiz, Spain.,Institute of Viticulture and Agri-Food Research (IVAGRO)-International Campus of Excellence (ceiA3), University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Antonio Valle
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health-Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Cadiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Puerto Real, 11510, Cadiz, Spain. .,Institute of Viticulture and Agri-Food Research (IVAGRO)-International Campus of Excellence (ceiA3), University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain.
| | - Jorge Bolivar
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health-Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Cadiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Puerto Real, 11510, Cadiz, Spain. .,Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hu L, Mateo P, Ye M, Zhang X, Berset JD, Handrick V, Radisch D, Grabe V, Köllner TG, Gershenzon J, Robert CAM, Erb M. Plant iron acquisition strategy exploited by an insect herbivore. Science 2018; 361:694-697. [PMID: 30115808 DOI: 10.1126/science.aat4082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Insect herbivores depend on their host plants to acquire macro- and micronutrients. Here we asked how a specialist herbivore and damaging maize pest, the western corn rootworm, finds and accesses plant-derived micronutrients. We show that the root-feeding larvae use complexes between iron and benzoxazinoid secondary metabolites to identify maize as a host, to forage within the maize root system, and to increase their growth. Maize plants use these same benzoxazinoids for protection against generalist herbivores and, as shown here, for iron uptake. We identify an iron transporter that allows the corn rootworm to benefit from complexes between iron and benzoxazinoids. Thus, foraging for an essential plant-derived complex between a micronutrient and a secondary metabolite shapes the interaction between maize and a specialist herbivore.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Hu
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - P Mateo
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Switzerland.,Neuchâtel Platform of Analytical Chemistry, University of Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - M Ye
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - X Zhang
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - J D Berset
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - V Handrick
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - D Radisch
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - V Grabe
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - T G Köllner
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - J Gershenzon
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - C A M Robert
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Switzerland.
| | - M Erb
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Węglarz-Tomczak E, Talma M, Giurg M, Westerhoff HV, Janowski R, Mucha A. Neutral metalloaminopeptidases APN and MetAP2 as newly discovered anticancer molecular targets of actinomycin D and its simple analogs. Oncotarget 2018; 9:29365-29378. [PMID: 30034623 PMCID: PMC6047675 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The potent transcription inhibitor Actinomycin D is used with several cancers. Here, we report the discovery that this naturally occurring antibiotic inhibits two human neutral aminopeptidases, the cell-surface alanine aminopeptidase and intracellular methionine aminopeptidase type 2. These metallo-containing exopeptidases participate in tumor cell expansion and motility and are targets for anticancer therapies. We show that the peptide portions of Actinomycin D and Actinomycin X2 are not required for effective inhibition, but the loss of these regions changes the mechanism of interaction. Two structurally less complex Actinomycin D analogs containing the phenoxazone chromophores, Questiomycin A and Actinocin, appear to be competitive inhibitors of both aminopeptidases, with potencies similar to the non-competitive macrocyclic parent compound (Ki in the micromolar range). The mode of action for all four compounds and both enzymes was demonstrated by molecular modeling and docking in the corresponding active sites. This knowledge gives new perspectives to Actinomycin D's action on tumors and suggests new avenues and molecules for medical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Węglarz-Tomczak
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland.,Synthetic Systems Biology and Nuclear Organization, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michał Talma
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Mirosław Giurg
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Hans V Westerhoff
- Synthetic Systems Biology and Nuclear Organization, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert Janowski
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Artur Mucha
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Oliveros-Bastidas A, Chinchilla N, Molinillo JMG, Elmtili N, Macías FA. Qualitative Study on the Production of the Allelochemicals Benzoxazinones by Inducing Polyploidy in Gramineae with Colchicine. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:3666-3674. [PMID: 29584429 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b05489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The possibility of inducing polyploidy in grasses by treatment with colchicine and its effect on the production and root exudate content of 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2 H-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (DIMBOA) and 2,4-dihydroxy-2 H-benzoxazin-3-one (DIBOA) was studied in wheat, corn, and rye. Caryopses treated with colchicine at concentrations in the range of 0.1-10 mg/mL for 8 and 48 h and with inoculation of the growth medium are markedly affected in terms of both the distribution and concentration levels of allelochemicals in plants. A greater accumulation was observed in the root with respect to the stem, and this increased with an increasing concentration of colchicine and with treatment time. Analysis of the compounds released by root exudates showed that treatment with colchicine at a concentration higher than 1 mg/mL caused a significant increase in the concentrations of allelochemicals measured in the growth medium. It is proposed that treatment with colchicine of seedling caryopses mixoploids plant populations and that the overall effect is an increase in the levels of allelochemicals released. The ecological implications of this behavior are discussed along with the impact of plant-plant interactions (allelopathy).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Oliveros-Bastidas
- Ecological Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry , University of Los Andes , University Nucleus Pedro Rincón Gutiérrez, La Hechicera, 5101-A Mérida , Venezuela
| | - Nuria Chinchilla
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Sciences, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO) , University of Cadiz , C/República Saharaui, 7 , 11510 Puerto Real , Cádiz , Spain
| | - José M G Molinillo
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Sciences, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO) , University of Cadiz , C/República Saharaui, 7 , 11510 Puerto Real , Cádiz , Spain
| | - Noureddine Elmtili
- Departement de la Biologie, Faculte des Sciences , Universite Abdelmalek Essaadi , BP 2121, 93002 Tetouan , Morocco
| | - Francisco A Macías
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Sciences, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO) , University of Cadiz , C/República Saharaui, 7 , 11510 Puerto Real , Cádiz , Spain
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yuan C, Du B, Xun MM, Liu B. Oxidative cleavage of hydroxamic acid promoted by sodium periodate. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.03.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
16
|
Pedersen HA, Heinrichson K, Fomsgaard IS. Alterations of the Benzoxazinoid Profiles of Uninjured Maize Seedlings During Freezing, Storage, and Lyophilization. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:4103-4110. [PMID: 28457134 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b01158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Benzoxazinoids are highly studied compounds due to their biological activity and presence in several cereals. They include compound classes such as hydroxamic acids and lactams and usually occur as inactive glucosides in unstressed plants. Injury to the plant causes enzymatic hydrolysis of the inactive glucosides to the biologically active hydroxamic acid and lactam aglucones. The hydroxamic acids further undergo spontaneous hydrolysis to benzoxazolinones in aqueous solution. Extraction methods that do not cause immediate inactivation of enzymes result in accumulation of aglucones in samples. Using HPLC-MS to profile benzoxazinoids in maize seedlings subjected to several sample preparation techniques, we have found that hydroxamic acid aglucones and benzoxazolinones are present in uninjured maize seedlings, but that the benxozazinoid profile varies depending on sample treatment, potentially underrepresenting the glucoside content and overrepresenting the aglucone and benzoxazolinone content.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hans Albert Pedersen
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University , Forsøgsvej 1, Flakkebjerg, DK-4200 Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Kirsten Heinrichson
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University , Forsøgsvej 1, Flakkebjerg, DK-4200 Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Inge S Fomsgaard
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University , Forsøgsvej 1, Flakkebjerg, DK-4200 Slagelse, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Massalha H, Korenblum E, Tholl D, Aharoni A. Small molecules below-ground: the role of specialized metabolites in the rhizosphere. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 90:788-807. [PMID: 28333395 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Soil communities are diverse taxonomically and functionally. This ecosystem experiences highly complex networks of interactions, but may also present functionally independent entities. Plant roots, a metabolically active hotspot in the soil, take an essential part in below-ground interactions. While plants are known to release an extremely high portion of the fixated carbon to the soil, less information is known about the composition and role of C-containing compounds in the rhizosphere, in particular those involved in chemical communication. Specialized metabolites (or secondary metabolites) produced by plants and their associated microbes have a critical role in various biological activities that modulate the behavior of neighboring organisms. Thus, elucidating the chemical composition and function of specialized metabolites in the rhizosphere is a key element in understanding interactions in this below-ground environment. Here, we review key classes of specialized metabolites that occur as mostly non-volatile compounds in root exudates or are emitted as volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The role of these metabolites in below-ground interactions and response to nutrient deficiency, as well as their tissue and cell type-specific biosynthesis and release are discussed in detail.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Massalha
- Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Elisa Korenblum
- Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Dorothea Tholl
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Asaph Aharoni
- Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ali A, Haq FU, Ul Arfeen Q, Sharma KR, Adhikari A, Musharraf SG. Sensitive quantification of coixol, a potent insulin secretagogue, in Scoparia dulcis extract using high-performance liquid chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry and UV detection. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 31. [PMID: 28214376 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is a major global health problem which requires new studies for its prevention and control. Scoparia dulcis, a herbal product, is widely used for treatment of diabetes. Recent studies demonstrate coixol as a potent and nontoxic insulin secretagog from S. dulcis. This study focuses on developing two quantitative methods of coixol in S. dulcis methanol-based extracts. Quantification of coixol was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (method 1) and high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection (method 2) with limits of detection of 0.26 and 11.6 pg/μL, respectively, and limits of quantification of 0.78 and 35.5 pg/μL, respectively. S. dulcis is rich in coixol content with values of 255.5 ± 2.1 mg/kg (method 1) and 220.4 ± 2.9 mg/kg (method 2). Excellent linearity with determination coefficients >0.999 was achieved for calibration curves from 10 to 7500 ng/mL (method 1) and from 175 to 7500 ng/mL (method 2). Good accuracy (bias < -8.6%) and precision (RSD < 8.5%) were obtained for both methods. Thus, they can be employed to analyze coixol in plant extracts and herbal formulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arslan Ali
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Faraz Ul Haq
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Qamar Ul Arfeen
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Khaga Raj Sharma
- Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Achyut Adhikari
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.,Dr. Panjwani Centre for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Feng QT, Zhu GY, Gao WN, Yang Z, Zhong N, Wang JR, Jiang ZH. Two New Alkaloids from the Roots of Baphicacanthus cusia. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2017; 64:1505-1508. [PMID: 27725504 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c16-00315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemical investigation of the root of Baphicacanthus cusia (NEES) BREMEK afforded two new alkaloids, baphicacanthin A (1) and baphicacanthin B (2), along with 28 known compounds. The chemical structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of one and two dimensional (1D/2D)-NMR and high resolution (HR)-MS spectral evidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Tong Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wouters FC, Blanchette B, Gershenzon J, Vassão DG. Plant defense and herbivore counter-defense: benzoxazinoids and insect herbivores. PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS : PROCEEDINGS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF EUROPE 2016; 15:1127-1151. [PMID: 27932939 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-016-9481-9481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Benzoxazinoids are a class of indole-derived plant chemical defenses comprising compounds with a 2-hydroxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one skeleton and their derivatives. These phytochemicals are widespread in grasses, including important cereal crops such as maize, wheat and rye, as well as a few dicot species, and display a wide range of antifeedant, insecticidal, antimicrobial, and allelopathic activities. Although their overall effects against insect herbivores are frequently reported, much less is known about how their modes of action specifically influence insect physiology. The present review summarizes the biological activities of benzoxazinoids on chewing, piercing-sucking, and root insect herbivores. We show how within-plant distribution modulates the exposure of different herbivore feeding guilds to these defenses, and how benzoxazinoids may act as toxins, feeding deterrents and digestibility-reducing compounds under different conditions. In addition, recent results on the metabolism of benzoxazinoids by insects and their consequences for plant-herbivore interactions are addressed, as well as directions for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe C Wouters
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Blair Blanchette
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Jonathan Gershenzon
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Daniel G Vassão
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, 07745 Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Śmist M, Kwiecień H, Krawczyk M. Synthesis and antifungal activity of 2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one derivatives. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2016; 51:393-401. [PMID: 26963527 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2016.1142744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A series of 2-alkyl-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-ones (4a-l) was easily synthesized by two-step process involving O-alkylation of 2-nitrophenols with methyl 2-bromoalkanoates and next "green" catalytic reductive cyclization of the obtained 2-nitro ester intermediates (3a-l). Further, 6,7-dibromo (5a-c) and N-acetyl (6) derivatives were prepared by bromination and acetylation of unsubstituted 2-alkyl-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-ones (4a-c). The novel compounds (3a-l, 4d-l, 5a-c and 6) were fully characterized by spectroscopic methods (MS, (1)H and (13)C NMR). 2-Alkyl-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-ones (4a-l, 5a-c and 6) were screened for antifungal activity. Preliminary assays were performed using two methods: in vitro against seven phytopathogenic fungi-Botrytis cinerea, Phythophtora cactorum, Rhizoctonia solani, Phoma betae, Fusarium culmorum, Fusarium oxysporum and Alternaria alternata-and in vivo against barley powdery mildew Blumeria graminis. The tested compounds displayed moderate to good antifungal activity at high concentration (200 mg L(-1)). The most potent compounds were 2-ethyl-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (4a), 2-ethyl-7-fluoro-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (4g) and 4-acetyl-2-ethyl-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (6), which completely inhibited the mycelial growth of seven agricultural fungi at the concentration of 200 mg L(-1) in the in vitro tests. Moreover, 2-ethyl-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (4a) and 4-acetyl-2-ethyl-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (6) were also screened for antifungal activity at concentrations of 100 mg L(-1) and 20 mg L(-1). In the concentration of 100 mg L(-1), the N-acetyl derivative (6) completely inhibited the growth of three strains of fungi (F. culmorum, P. cactorum and R. solani), while 2-ethyl-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (4a) completely inhibited only R. solani strain. At the concentration of 20 mg L(-1), compound 6 showed good activity only against P. cactorum strain (72%).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Śmist
- a Institute of Chemical Organic Technology, West Pomeranian University of Technology , Szczecin , Poland
| | - Halina Kwiecień
- a Institute of Chemical Organic Technology, West Pomeranian University of Technology , Szczecin , Poland
| | - Maria Krawczyk
- b Department of Applications and Formulation of Pesticides , Institute of Industrial Organic Chemistry , Warsaw , Poland
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wouters FC, Blanchette B, Gershenzon J, Vassão DG. Plant defense and herbivore counter-defense: benzoxazinoids and insect herbivores. PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS : PROCEEDINGS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF EUROPE 2016; 15:1127-1151. [PMID: 27932939 PMCID: PMC5106503 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-016-9481-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Benzoxazinoids are a class of indole-derived plant chemical defenses comprising compounds with a 2-hydroxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one skeleton and their derivatives. These phytochemicals are widespread in grasses, including important cereal crops such as maize, wheat and rye, as well as a few dicot species, and display a wide range of antifeedant, insecticidal, antimicrobial, and allelopathic activities. Although their overall effects against insect herbivores are frequently reported, much less is known about how their modes of action specifically influence insect physiology. The present review summarizes the biological activities of benzoxazinoids on chewing, piercing-sucking, and root insect herbivores. We show how within-plant distribution modulates the exposure of different herbivore feeding guilds to these defenses, and how benzoxazinoids may act as toxins, feeding deterrents and digestibility-reducing compounds under different conditions. In addition, recent results on the metabolism of benzoxazinoids by insects and their consequences for plant-herbivore interactions are addressed, as well as directions for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe C. Wouters
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Blair Blanchette
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Jonathan Gershenzon
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Daniel G. Vassão
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, 07745 Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Duczynski JA, Fuller R, Stewart SG. tert-Butyldimethylsilyl Amine (TBDMS-NH2): A Mild and Green Reagent for the Protection of Benzyl Alcohols, Phenols, and Carboxylic Acids under Solvent-Free Conditions. Aust J Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1071/ch16097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we present the use of the tert-butyldimethylsilyl amine (TBDMS-NH2) as a silylating reagent for phenols, benzyl alcohols, and carboxylic acids. Unlike other silyl protection reactions, this reported process with TBDMS-NH2 does not involve the formation of HCl. Importantly, we report the efficacy of this reagent in operating under solvent-free conditions and enabling short reaction times.
Collapse
|
24
|
Fernandes-Silva CC, Lima CA, Negri G, Salatino MLF, Salatino A, Mayworm MAS. Composition of the volatile fraction of a sample of Brazilian green propolic and its phytotoxic activity. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2015; 95:3091-5. [PMID: 25504524 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Propolis is a resinous material produced by honeybees, containing mainly beeswax and plant material. Despite the wide spectrum of biological activity of propolis, to our knowledge no studies have been carried out about phytotoxic properties of Brazilian propolis and its constituents. The aims of this study were to analyze the chemical composition and to evaluate the phytotoxic activity of the volatile fraction of a sample of Brazilian green propolis. RESULTS Main constituents are the phenylpropanoid 3-prenylcinnamic acid allyl ester (26.3%) and the sesquiterpene spathulenol (23.4%). Several other sesquiterpenes and phenylpropanoids, in addition to linalool and α-terpineol (monoterpenes), were also detected. The activity of solutions of the volatile fraction at 1.0, 0.5 and 0.1% was tested on lettuce seeds and seedlings. The solution at 1% inhibited completely the seed germination and solutions at 0.1 and 0.5% reduced the germination rate index. The solution at 0.5% reduced the growth of the hypocotyl-radicle axis and the development of the cotyledon leaf. CONCLUSIONS The chemical composition of the volatile fraction of this Brazilian green propolis is different from those previously described, and these results may contribute to a better understanding about the chemical variations in propolis. The volatile fraction of Brazilian green propolis influences both germination of seed lettuce and the growth of its seedlings, showing an phytotoxic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline C Fernandes-Silva
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Department of Botany, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina A Lima
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Department of Botany, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Giuseppina Negri
- CEBRID, Department of Preventive Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria L F Salatino
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Department of Botany, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Antonio Salatino
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Department of Botany, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Romero NA, Margrey KA, Tay NE, Nicewicz DA. Site-selective arene C-H amination via photoredox catalysis. Science 2015; 349:1326-30. [PMID: 26383949 DOI: 10.1126/science.aac9895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 595] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Over the past several decades, organometallic cross-coupling chemistry has developed into one of the most reliable approaches to assemble complex aromatic compounds from preoxidized starting materials. More recently, transition metal-catalyzed carbon-hydrogen activation has circumvented the need for preoxidized starting materials, but this approach is limited by a lack of practical amination protocols. Here, we present a blueprint for aromatic carbon-hydrogen functionalization via photoredox catalysis and describe the utility of this strategy for arene amination. An organic photoredox-based catalyst system, consisting of an acridinium photooxidant and a nitroxyl radical, promotes site-selective amination of a variety of simple and complex aromatics with heteroaromatic azoles of interest in pharmaceutical research. We also describe the atom-economical use of ammonia to form anilines, without the need for prefunctionalization of the aromatic component.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan A Romero
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3290, USA
| | - Kaila A Margrey
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3290, USA
| | - Nicholas E Tay
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3290, USA
| | - David A Nicewicz
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3290, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Macías FA, Oliveros-Bastidas A, Marín D, Chinchilla N, Castellano D, Molinillo JMG. Evidence for an allelopathic interaction between rye and wild oats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:9450-7. [PMID: 25233257 DOI: 10.1021/jf503840d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Allelopathy is a biological phenomenon in which an organism produces one or more biochemicals that influence the growth, survival, and reproduction of other organisms. Allelopathy has been the subject of a great deal of research in chemical ecology since the 1930s. The characterization of the factors that influence this phenomenon has barely been explored, mainly due to the complexity of this area. The main aim of the research carried out to date has been to shed light on the importance of these interactions in agroecosystems, especially in relation to the interactions between crops and weeds. Herein we report the characterization of a complete allelochemical pathway involving benzoxazinones, which are known to participate in allelopathic plant defense interactions of several plants of high agronomic interest. The production of the defense chemicals by a donor plant (crop), the route and transformations of the chemicals released into the environment, and the uptake and phytotoxic effects on a target plant (weed) were all monitored. The results of this study, which is the first of its kind, allowed a complete dynamic characterization of the allelopathic phenomenon for benzoxazinones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco A Macías
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario (ceiA3), University of Cadiz , C/Avda. República Saharaui, no. 9, 11510 Puerto Real, (Cádiz), Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Affiliation(s)
- Andrey A. Tabolin
- N. D. Zelinsky
Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt
47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Sema L. Ioffe
- N. D. Zelinsky
Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt
47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Fragasso M, Iannucci A, Papa R. Durum wheat and allelopathy: toward wheat breeding for natural weed management. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2013; 4:375. [PMID: 24065979 PMCID: PMC3781390 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Wheat-derived foodstuffs represent about one-fifth of the calories consumed by humans worldwide. Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important crops throughout the world, and it has been extensively studied for its allelopathic potential. In contrast, for allelopathy in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum), our knowledge is partial and fragmentary. Through highlighting recent advances in using allelopathy as a crop-breeding tool, we provide an overview of allelopathy in Triticum spp., to stimulate further coordinated breeding-oriented studies, to favor allelopathy exploitation for the sustainable cultivation of wheat, and in particular, to achieve improved biological weed control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Roberto Papa
- *Correspondence: Roberto Papa, Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura, Cereal Research Centre, S.S.16 Km 675, 71122 Foggia, Italy e-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Pervaiz I, Ahmad S, Madni MA, Ahmad H, Khaliq FH. Microbial biotransformation: a tool for drug designing. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683813050098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
30
|
Govindasamy C, Arulpriya M. Antimicrobial activity of Acanthus ilicifolius: Skin infection pathogens. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(13)60036-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
31
|
Benzoxazinoids in rye allelopathy - from discovery to application in sustainable weed control and organic farming. J Chem Ecol 2013; 39:154-74. [PMID: 23385365 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-013-0235-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Revised: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 12/31/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The allelopathic potency of rye (Secale cereale L.) is due mainly to the presence of phytotoxic benzoxazinones-compounds whose biosynthesis is developmentally regulated, with the highest accumulation in young tissue and a dependency on cultivar and environmental influences. Benzoxazinones can be released from residues of greenhouse-grown rye at levels between 12 and 20 kg/ha, with lower amounts exuded by living plants. In soil, benzoxazinones are subject to a cascade of transformation reactions, and levels in the range 0.5-5 kg/ha have been reported. Starting with the accumulation of less toxic benzoxazolinones, the transformation reactions in soil primarily lead to the production of phenoxazinones, acetamides, and malonamic acids. These reactions are associated with microbial activity in the soil. In addition to benzoxazinones, benzoxazolin-2(3H)-one (BOA) has been investigated for phytotoxic effects in weeds and crops. Exposure to BOA affects transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome patterns of the seedlings, inhibits germination and growth, and can induce death of sensitive species. Differences in the sensitivity of cultivars and ecotypes are due to different species-dependent strategies that have evolved to cope with BOA. These strategies include the rapid activation of detoxification reactions and extrusion of detoxified compounds. In contrast to sensitive ecotypes, tolerant ecotypes are less affected by exposure to BOA. Like the original compounds BOA and MBOA, all exuded detoxification products are converted to phenoxazinones, which can be degraded by several specialized fungi via the Fenton reaction. Because of their selectivity, specific activity, and presumably limited persistence in the soil, benzoxazinoids or rye residues are suitable means for weed control. In fact, rye is one of the best cool season cover crops and widely used because of its excellent weed suppressive potential. Breeding of benzoxazinoid resistant crops and of rye with high benzoxazinoid contents, as well as a better understanding of the soil persistence of phenoxazinones, of the weed resistance against benzoxazinoids, and of how allelopathic interactions are influenced by cultural practices, would provide the means to include allelopathic rye varieties in organic cropping systems for weed control.
Collapse
|
32
|
Ravikumar S, Raja M, Gnanadesigan M. Antibacterial potential of benzoate and phenylethanoid derivatives isolated fromAcanthus ilicifoliusL. leaf extracts. Nat Prod Res 2012; 26:2270-3. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2011.652962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
|
33
|
Wu WH, Chen TY, Lu RW, Chen ST, Chang CC. Benzoxazinoids from Scoparia dulcis (sweet broomweed) with antiproliferative activity against the DU-145 human prostate cancer cell line. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2012; 83:110-115. [PMID: 22944352 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2012.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2011] [Revised: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Sweet broomweed (Scoparia dulcis) is an edible perennial medicinal herb widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa, and the Americas. Four compounds, (2R)-7-methoxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one 2-O-β-galactopyranoside [(2R)-HMBOA-2-O-Gal], 3,6-dimethoxy-benzoxazolin-2(3H)-one (3,6-M2BOA), 3-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2-benzoxazolinone (3-OH-MBOA), and scutellarein 7-O-β-glucuronamide, along with eight known compounds, including two 7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3(2H)-one 3-O-hexopyranosides [(2R)-HMBOA-2-O-Glc and (2R)-HDMBOA-2-O-Glc], 6-methoxy-benzoxazolin-2(3H)-one (MBOA), acteoside, sodium scutellarin, p-coumaric acid, and two monosaccharides (fructose and glucose), were isolated from the aqueous extract of S. dulcis. Antiproliferative activities of the six benzoxazinoid compounds against the DU-145 human prostate cancer cell line were assayed, and one of these displayed an IC₅₀ of 65.8 μg/mL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Hsun Wu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Rd., Sec. 2, Nangang Dist., Taipei 115, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Fu Y, Qu LH, Zhang SS, Ye F, Zhao LX, Gao S, Xing ZY. Simple and efficient synthesis of novel N-dichloroacetyl-3,4-dihydro-2 H-1,4-benzoxazines. HETEROCYCL COMMUN 2012. [DOI: 10.1515/hc-2012-0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
An easy synthetic route to N-dichloroacetyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazine derivatives 3 involves cyclization of 2-aminophenols 1 with 1,2-dibromoethane and subsequent acylation of the resultant 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazine derivatives 2 with dichloroacetyl chloride. All compounds were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, ESI-MS and elemental analysis. The structure of 3a was determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Fu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Li-Hua Qu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Shan-Shan Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Fei Ye
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Li-Xia Zhao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Shuang Gao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Xing
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Ye F, Li Y, Fu Y, Zhao LX, Gao S. 1-(6-Bromo-3,4-dihydro-2 H-1,4-benzoxazin-4-yl)-2,2-dichloroethanone. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2012; 68:o2509. [PMID: 22904947 PMCID: PMC3414960 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536812032011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The title compound, C10H8BrCl2NO2, is a target molecule in our research on herbicide safeners. The oxazine ring has an envelope conformation, with puckering parameters close to ideal values [Q = 0.498 (3) Å, θ = 53.7 (3)° and ϕ = 253.4 (4)°]. The crystal structure is stabilized by C—H⋯O, C—H⋯Cl and C—H⋯Br interactions.
Collapse
|
36
|
Dixon DP, Sellars JD, Kenwright AM, Steel PG. The maize benzoxazinone DIMBOA reacts with glutathione and other thiols to form spirocyclic adducts. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2012; 77:171-8. [PMID: 22342783 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2012.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2011] [Revised: 01/20/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2012] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Maize, wheat and other grasses synthesise large quantities of benzoxazinones and their glucosides, which act as antifeedant and allelopathic agents. These activities are probably due to the electrophilic nature of the aglycones, however, the mechanism of their action is unclear. In biological systems, glutathione (GSH) is the major electrophile-reactive compound so the reaction of the major maize benzoxazinone DIMBOA with GSH was studied. GSH reacts with DIMBOA to form eight isomeric mono-conjugates and eight isomeric di-conjugates. Through NMR studies with the model thiol 2-mercaptoethanol, these were structurally elucidated as unusual spirocycles. Similar reactivity was observed with proteins, with cysteinyl thiols being modified by DIMBOA. The thioether bonds formed were stable and not easily reduced to the parent thiol. DIMBOA can therefore readily deplete GSH levels and irreversibly inactivate enzymes with active-site cysteine residues, with clear implications for potentially toxic effects when young grasses are ingested, whether by insect pests or humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David P Dixon
- Biophysical Sciences Institute, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, UK.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Valle A, Le Borgne S, Bolívar J, Cabrera G, Cantero D. Study of the role played by NfsA, NfsB nitroreductase and NemA flavin reductase from Escherichia coli in the conversion of ethyl 2-(2'-nitrophenoxy)acetate to 4-hydroxy-(2H)-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (D-DIBOA), a benzohydroxamic acid with interesting biological properties. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 94:163-71. [PMID: 22173483 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-011-3787-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2011] [Revised: 11/06/2011] [Accepted: 11/23/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Benzohydroxamic acids, such as 4-hydroxy-(2H)-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (D-DIBOA), exhibit interesting herbicidal, fungicidal and bactericidal properties. Recently, the chemical synthesis of D-DIBOA has been simplified to only two steps. In a previous paper, we demonstrated that the second step could be replaced by a biotransformation using Escherichia coli to reduce the nitro group of the precursor, ethyl 2-(2'-nitrophenoxy)acetate and obtain D-DIBOA. The NfsA and NfsB nitroreductases and the NemA xenobiotic reductase of E. coli have the capacity to reduce one or two nitro groups from a wide variety of nitroaromatic compounds, which are similar to the precursor. By this reason, we hypothesised that these three enzymes could be involved in this biotransformation. We have analysed the biotransformation yield (BY) of mutant strains in which one, two or three of these genes were knocked out, showing that only in the double nfsA/nfsB and in the triple nfsA/nfsB/nemA mutants, the BY was 0%. These results suggested that NfsA and NfsB are responsible for the biotransformation in the tested conditions. To confirm this, the nfsA and nfsB open reading frames were cloned into the pBAD expression vector and transformed into the nfsA and nfsB single mutants, respectively. In both cases, the biotransformation capacity of the strains was recovered (6.09 ± 0.06% as in the wild-type strain) and incremented considerably when NfsA and NfsB were overexpressed (40.33% ± 9.42% and 59.68% ± 2.0% respectively).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Valle
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario (ceiA3), University of Cádiz, Avda. República Saharaui s/n, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Mahmoud MR, El-Shahawi MM, Abu El-Azm FSM. Synthesis of novel quinazolinone and fused quinazolinones. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.5155/eurjchem.2.3.404-409.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
39
|
Hanhineva K, Rogachev I, Aura AM, Aharoni A, Poutanen K, Mykkänen H. Qualitative characterization of benzoxazinoid derivatives in whole grain rye and wheat by LC-MS metabolite profiling. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:921-927. [PMID: 21214244 DOI: 10.1021/jf103612u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Benzoxazinoids are metabolites occurring in a restricted group of plant species including crops such as rye, wheat, and maize. Focus on the analysis of benzoxazinoid metabolites has typically been due to their importance to plant biochemistry and physiology as highly bioactive molecules that plants use as alleochemicals to defend themselves against predators and infections. However, the potential dietary contribution of these compounds has not been addressed. This study conducted a detailed qualitative characterization of benzoxazinoid metabolites present in the whole grain rye and processed fractions of rye bran, and their presence was also detected in whole grain wheat samples. Several novel benzoxazinoid metabolites of the hydroxamic acids (2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one, DIBOA; 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one, DIMBOA), lactams (2-hydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one, HBOA), and benzoxazolinones (1,3-benzoxazol-2-one, BOA) were identified, including double-hexose derivatives of DIBOA, DIMBOA, and HBOA. This paper presents an important addition to the information on the phytochemical composition of rye and wheat grains, which deserves attention in the discussion of the potential health-promoting effects of these grains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kati Hanhineva
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Food and Health Research Centre, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Biotransformation of ethyl 2-(2′-nitrophenoxy)acetate to benzohydroxamic acid (D-DIBOA) by Escherichia coli. Process Biochem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2010.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
41
|
Arroyo E, Chinchilla N, Molinillo JM, Macias FA, Astola A, Ortiz M, Valdivia MM. Aneugenic effects of benzoxazinones in cultured human cells. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2010; 695:81-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2009.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2009] [Revised: 07/31/2009] [Accepted: 09/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
42
|
Analysis of benzoxazinone derivatives in plant tissues and their degradation products in agricultural soils. Trends Analyt Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2009.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
43
|
Macías FA, Marín D, Oliveros-Bastidas A, Molinillo JMG. Rediscovering the bioactivity and ecological role of 1,4-benzoxazinones. Nat Prod Rep 2009; 26:478-89. [PMID: 19642418 DOI: 10.1039/b700682a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Compounds of the (2H)-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one class have attracted the attention of phytochemists since the first isolation of 2,4-dihydroxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (DIBOA) and 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-(2H)-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (DIMBOA). Extensive research has been carried out on the isolation and synthesis of these materials as well as on the dynamics of their degradation in different systems. This has led to the discovery of a wide variety of compounds that are of high interest from the point of view of phytotoxic, antifungal, antimicrobial, and antifeedant effects among others. The potential application of benzoxazinones and their derivatives as leads for natural herbicide models is a topic of current interest. Furthermore, the importance of degradation on the ecological behaviour of benzoxazinone-producing plants is also being realised, and proposals concerning the role of the degradation products in chemical defence mechanisms have been put forward. There is also increasing interest in the improvement of analytical methodologies, and ecotoxicologic effects, toxicity on target and non-target organisms, and degradation kinetics are also being addressed. The development of new phytotoxicity bioassay techniques represents one of the most important breakthroughs in this respect. Moreover, benzoxazinones and some of their derivatives have been employed in the development of pharmaceuticals. The versatility of the benzoxazinone skeleton, in addition to its relative chemical simplicity and accessibility, makes these chemicals amongst the most promising sources of bioactive compounds that are natural in origin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco A Macías
- Grupo de Alelopatía, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Cádiz, Avda. Repiúlica Saharaui, s/n 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
|
45
|
Vishnoi S, Agrawal V, Kasana VK. Synthesis and structure--activity relationships of substituted cinnamic acids and amide analogues: a new class of herbicides. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2009; 57:3261-3265. [PMID: 19368353 DOI: 10.1021/jf8034385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In the present investigation, substituted cinnamic acids (3-hydroxy, 4-hydroxy, 2-nitro, 3-nitro, 4-nitro, 3-chloro, and 4-methoxy) and their amide analogues with four different types of substituted anilines have been synthesized. The synthesized compounds have been screened for their germination inhibition activity on radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. Japanese White) seeds at 50, 100, and 200 ppm concentrations, and the activity was compared with standard herbicide, metribuzin formulation (sencor). Significant activity was exhibited by all of the compounds. It was observed that with the increase in concentration of the test solution, the activity also increased. All of the compounds showed more than 70% inhibition at 100 ppm concentration except 4-hydroxy cinnamanilide. The compound, 2-chloro (4'-hydroxy) cinnamanilide was the best among the tested compounds, and it was found to be at par with the standard, metribuzin at all concentrations. Thus, it can be concluded that substituted cinnamic acids and their amide analogues may be developed as potential herbicides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shipra Vishnoi
- Department of Chemistry, GBPUA & T, Pantanagar-263 145, Uttarakhand, India.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Macías FA, Chinchilla N, Varela RM, Molinillo JMG, Marín D, De Siqueira JM. Modified benzoxazinones in the system Oryza sativa-Echinochloa crus-galli: an approach to the development of biorational herbicide models. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2008; 56:9941-9948. [PMID: 18922010 DOI: 10.1021/jf802735m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The utility of benzoxazinones and some of their synthetic derivatives in the search for new leads for herbicide model development has been explored. The work described focuses on obtaining derivatives that present selectivity in the system Oryza sativa- Echinochloa crus-galli. To achieve this goal the influence of lipophilicity in this system has been studied by preparing 14 ester derivatives at the N-4 position of D-DIBOA along with other compounds with different functionalization and chain lengths at position C-2. These compounds have been tested in the aforementioned system, and the dose-response profiles have been compared. The most active compound was 2-ethyl-4-hydroxy-(2H)-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one, which presented higher selectivity than the specific herbicide Cotanil-35. These results confirm the potential of D-DIBOA as a lead herbicide for the control of Echinochloa spp. in rice crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco A Macías
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Cádiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Yin H, Zhang S, Luo X, Liu Y. Preparative isolation and purification of two benzoxazinoid glucosides from Acanthus ilicifolius L. by high-speed counter-current chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1205:177-81. [PMID: 18723179 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2008] [Revised: 07/29/2008] [Accepted: 08/04/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The first preparative separation of two benzoxazinoids, (2R)-2-O-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (HBOA-Glc) and (2R)-2-O-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-4-hydroxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (DIBOA-Glc), by means of high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) from the n-butanol extract of Acanthus ilicifolius L. is presented. The two-phase solvent system containing ethyl acetate-n-butanol-0.5%NH(4)OH (2:3:5, v/v/v, system B) was selected for the one-step HSCCC separation of HBOA-Glc and DIBOA-Glc according to the partition coefficient values (K) for target compounds and the separation factor (alpha) between the two target compounds. In the one-step HSCCC separation using solvent B, from 100mg n-butanol extract of A. ilicifolius, 6.3 mg HBOA-Glc and 6.8 mg DIBOA-Glc were isolated with purities of 90.3% and 80.2%, respectively. In order to obtain the two target compounds with higher purity, a second separation process was developed comprising two steps. In the two-step separation, the sample was first pre-purified by HSCCC using ethyl acetate-n-butanol-water (2:3:5, v/v/v, system A) solvent system and then purified using solvent system B. A 100-mg amount of the n-butanol extracts of A. ilicifolius was separated to yield 5.8 mg of HBOA-Glc and 4.8 mg of DIBOA-Glc with purities of 97.1% and 94.8%, respectively, which were directly used for NMR analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Material Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510301, Guangdong, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
|
49
|
Søltoft M, Jørgensen LN, Svensmark B, Fomsgaard IS. Benzoxazinoid concentrations show correlation with Fusarium Head Blight resistance in Danish wheat varieties. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2007.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
50
|
Villagrasa M, Guillamón M, Eljarrat E, Barceló D. Matrix effect in liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization mass spectrometry analysis of benzoxazinoid derivatives in plant material. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1157:108-14. [PMID: 17507023 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2007] [Revised: 04/08/2007] [Accepted: 04/19/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Despite the increasing success of liquid chromatography (LC) coupled to mass spectrometry (MS), matrix effects have limited the ESI applications. Matrix effects result from co-eluting residual matrix components affecting the ionization efficiency of target analytes and can lead to erroneous results. The present work evaluates the LC-electrospray ionization (ESI)-MS behaviour of benzoxazinoid derivatives in wheat plant material as a case where endogenous matrix components were found to interfere with the ionization of target analytes. When LC-MS was applied to the analysis of foliage and root extracts, significant signal suppressions were observed. To compensate for this matrix signal suppression, different methods were applied: the use of internal standards, the application of standard dilution method and the dilution of the extracts before instrumental determination. The results obtained indicated that evaluation of matrix effects should become an integrated part of quantitative LC-ESI-MS method development and validation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Villagrasa
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IIQAB-CSIC, c/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|