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Hung CY, Lee HJ, Tsai ZT, Huang SJ, Huang HY, Tsai HJ, Yao TC. Maternal folic acid supplementation during pregnancy in association with childhood overweight or obesity. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2024. [PMID: 38572577 DOI: 10.1002/oby.24012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine associations of maternal folic acid supplementation (FAS) during pregnancy with childhood overweight or obesity (OWO) or adiposity. METHODS In a population-based cohort of 1479 children, maternal FAS during pregnancy was assessed retrospectively by questionnaires. BMI and body fat percentages were measured at a mean age of 6.4 years. Pertinent factors were accounted for in data analyses. RESULTS Maternal FAS during pregnancy was negatively associated with OWO (adjusted odds ratio: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.50 to 0.99). There were inverse associations of maternal FAS during pregnancy with BMI z score (β: -0.22; 95% CI: -0.39 to -0.05), whole body fat percentage (β: -1.28; 95% CI: -2.27 to -0.30), trunk fat percentage (β: -1.41; 95% CI: -2.78 to -0.04), and limb fat percentage (β: -1.31; 95% CI: -2.32 to -0.30). Stratified analyses found inverse associations of FAS during pregnancy with OWO, BMI z score, and body fat percentages predominantly among children without breastfeeding and whose parents had a below-tertiary educational level. CONCLUSIONS This study provides novel evidence that maternal FAS during pregnancy was significantly associated with a decreased risk of childhood OWO and adiposity, particularly among children with no breastfeeding and lower parental educational level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Yen Hung
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ju Lee
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zhao-Ting Tsai
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Jung Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Jen-Ai Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Huang
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ju Tsai
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Chieh Yao
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Lee YS, Wu HC, Huang SJ, Hsiao G, Chi WC, Lee TH. Anti-inflammatory constituents from a sea anemone-derived fungus Arthrinium arundinis MA30. Phytochemistry 2024; 219:113998. [PMID: 38253160 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.113998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
In this study, preliminary field-sampling of bioactive fungal strains and bioassay-guided selection were conducted. A number of fungal strains were isolated from sea anemones along the northeastern coast of Badouzi, Keelung, Taiwan. Among them, Arthrinium arundinis MA30 showed significant anti-inflammatory activity and was thus selected for further chemical investigation. After a series of purification and isolation using different chromatographic techniques on the fermented products of A. arundinis MA30, thirty-one compounds were identified, five of which were previously unreported, including arthrinoic acid, hexylaconitic anhydride methyl ester, (3S,8R)-8-hydroxy-3-carboxy-2-methylenenonanoic acid, and arthripenoids G and H. These compounds were subjected to comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis. Of all the isolates, 1,3,5,6-tetrahydroxy-8-methylxanthone and arthripenoid C demonstrated the most distinctive inhibitory activities against nitric oxide production in mouse microglial BV-2 cells, with their respective inhibitory rates being 71% and 81% at 10 μM concentration, and their respective IC50 values were further determined to be 5.3 ± 0.6 and 1.6 ± 0.4 μM. These compounds showed no significant cytotoxicity, and curcumin was used as a positive control in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuen-Sing Lee
- Institute of Fisheries Science, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
| | - Ho-Cheng Wu
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Shu-Jung Huang
- Institute of Fisheries Science, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
| | - George Hsiao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Chiung Chi
- Department of Food Science, National Quemoy University, Kinmen 892, Taiwan.
| | - Tzong-Huei Lee
- Institute of Fisheries Science, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
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Chang CH, Hsiao G, Wang SW, Yen JY, Huang SJ, Chi WC, Lee TH. Chemical constituents from the medicinal herb-derived fungus Chaetomium globosum Km1226. Bot Stud 2023; 64:34. [PMID: 38030829 PMCID: PMC10686906 DOI: 10.1186/s40529-023-00406-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endophytic fungi have proven to be a rich source of novel natural products with a wide-array of biological activities and higher levels of structural diversity. RESULTS Chemical investigation on the liquid- and solid-state fermented products of Chaetomium globosum Km1226 isolated from the littoral medicinal herb Atriplex maximowicziana Makino resulted in the isolation of compounds 1-14. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis as three previously undescribed C13-polyketides, namely aureonitol C (1), mollipilins G (2), and H (3), along with eleven known compounds 4-14. Among these, mollipilin A (5) exhibited significant nitric oxide production inhibitory activity in LPS-induced BV-2 microglial cells with an IC50 value of 0.7 ± 0.1 µM, and chaetoglobosin D (10) displayed potent anti-angiogenesis property in human endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) with an IC50 value of 0.8 ± 0.3 µM. CONCLUSIONS Three previously unreported compounds 1-3 were isolated and identified. Mollipilin A (5) and chaetoglobosin D (10) could possibly be developed as anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic lead drugs, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hao Chang
- Institute of Fisheries Science, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - George Hsiao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Wei Wang
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, 25245, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, 25245, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung, 807378, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, 10449, Taiwan
| | - Juei-Yu Yen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, 25245, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, 10491, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Jung Huang
- Institute of Fisheries Science, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chiung Chi
- Department of Food Science, National Quemoy University, Kinmen, 89250, Taiwan.
| | - Tzong-Huei Lee
- Institute of Fisheries Science, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
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Su KW, Yan DC, Ou LS, Lin LL, Wu CY, Huang SJ, Yao TC, Yeh KW, Huang JL. Rising prevalence of food allergies in Taiwan: An epidemiological study. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2023; 56:863-870. [PMID: 37169610 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2023.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food allergies are becoming more prevalent globally. The purpose of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of food allergies in Taiwan. METHODS In 2017, a food allergy questionnaire was administered to 6-7-year-old children, 13-14-year-old adolescents, and their parents in Taipei. The results were compared to those from a previous survey conducted in 2004. RESULTS A total of 16,200 questionnaires were completed, revealing a rise in the prevalence of food allergies from 7.7% to 10.4% in the pediatric group and from 6.4% to 12.5% in the adult group. Peanut allergies also increased to 1.1%. Shrimp and crabs were the most common allergens, with urticaria being the most common symptom. Shortness of breath or wheezing occurred in 10% of individuals, while 2.1% experienced syncope or shock, and 0.1% were admitted to an intensive care unit. Personal history of allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis, as well as family histories of food allergies, were risk factors for food allergy in 6-7-year-old children. In the 13-14-year-old group, personal history of asthma, allergic rhinitis, or atopic dermatitis, recent use of acetaminophen, and living with dogs were risk factors. Females, personal histories of asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and moist and damp at home were risk factors in adults. Breastfeeding was a protective factor in 6-7-year-old children. CONCLUSION The increasing prevalence of food allergies, including peanut allergies, in Taiwan warrants attention from physicians to provide appropriate care and education to patients with food allergies. The protective effect of breastfeeding against food allergies shall be emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Wen Su
- Department of Pediatrics, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Dah-Chin Yan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Shiou Ou
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Lun Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Yi Wu
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Jung Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Jen-Ai Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Chieh Yao
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Yeh
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Jing-Long Huang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan.
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Su KW, Yan DC, Ou LS, Lin LL, Wu CY, Huang SJ, Yao TC, Yeh KW, Huang JL. Prevalence, associated factors, and impact of adolescent asthma in Taiwan: Global Asthma Network phase I survey. World Allergy Organ J 2023; 16:100794. [PMID: 37497258 PMCID: PMC10365951 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2023.100794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of asthma in Taiwan was increasing in the past 30 years, causing a great impact on adolescent health. This study aimed to investigate the current prevalence, impact, and associated factors of asthma in Taiwanese adolescents. Material and methods Parents or guardians provided passive consent at home prior to the survey. Adolescents aged 13-14 years completed a questionnaire survey in 2017 in Taipei, Taiwan. The prevalence, impact, and associated factors of asthma were analyzed. We also compared the asthma prevalence with the prevalence in 1995 and 2001. Results We analyzed 3474 validated questionnaires. The prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma was 12.4%. The prevalence of current wheezing was 9.2% in 2017, which was 5.2% in 1995 and 7.0% in 2001. 3.3% of 13-14-year-old adolescents had severe asthma symptoms. Asthma significantly impacted the lives of adolescents. Of the students with asthma, 10.9% had school absenteeism, 16.5% urgently needed to see a doctor, 9.5% went to the emergency department, and 3.5% were admitted to hospitals within the preceding 12 months. The associated factors for physician-diagnosed asthma in Taiwanese adolescents were male (prevalence ratio [PR], 1.38; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-1.83; p = 0.02), maternal history of asthma (PR, 2.61; 95% CI, 1.69-4.02; p < 0.01), and recent paracetamol use at least once per month (PR, 2.60; 95% CI, 1.24-5.42; p = 0.01). The associated factors for school absenteeism were nocturnal cough (PR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.16-3.41; p = 0.01), current wheezing (PR, 7.52; 95% CI, 4.39-12.9; p < 0.01), and recent paracetamol use (at least once per month, PR, 3.16; 95% CI, 1.10-9.06; p = 0.03; at least once per year, PR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.25-3.83; p < 0.01). Conclusions The prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma was 12.4%. Asthma substantially impacted the lives of adolescents. Reducing nocturnal cough, wheezing frequency, and paracetamol usage might help decrease school absenteeism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Wen Su
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Dah-Chin Yan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Shiou Ou
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Lun Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Yi Wu
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Jung Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Jen-Ai Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Chieh Yao
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Yeh
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Long Huang
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
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Wu HC, His HY, Hsiao G, Yen CH, Leu JY, Wu CC, Chang SH, Huang SJ, Lee TH. Chemical Constituents and Bioactive Principles from the Mexican Truffle and Fermented Products of the Derived Fungus Ustilago maydis MZ496986. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:1122-1131. [PMID: 36597352 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
To look in-depth into the traditional Mexican truffle, this study investigated the phytochemical and pharmacological properties of field-collected corn galls and the fermentate of its pathogen Ustilago maydis MZ496986. Here, we established the chemical profiles of both materials via the gradient HPLC-UV method and successfully identified six previously unreported chemical entities, ustilagols A-F (1-6), and 17 known components. Compounds 3, 5, and 9 exhibited potent nitric oxide production inhibitory activities in murine brain microglial BV-2 cells (IC50 = 6.7 ± 0.5, 5.8 ± 0.9, and 3.9 ± 0.1 μM) without cytotoxic effects. DIMBOA (9) also attenuates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated NF-κB activation in RAW 264.7 macrophages (IC50 = 58.1 ± 7.2 μM). Ustilagol G (7) showed potent antiplatelet aggregation in U46619-stimulated human platelets (IC50 = 16.5 ± 5.3 μM). These findings highlighted the potential of corn galls and U. maydis MZ496986 fermentate as functional foods for improving inflammation-related discomforts and vascular obstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Cheng Wu
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, R.O.C
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, R.O.C
| | - Hsiao-Yang His
- Institute of Fisheries Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, R.O.C
| | - George Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei 110, R.O.C
| | - Chia-Hung Yen
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, R.O.C
| | - Jyh-Yih Leu
- Department of Life Science, College of Science and Engineering, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, R.O.C
| | - Chin-Chung Wu
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, R.O.C
| | - Szu-Hsing Chang
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, Fu-jen Catholic University, New Taipei 242, R.O.C
| | - Shu-Jung Huang
- Institute of Fisheries Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, R.O.C
| | - Tzong-Huei Lee
- Institute of Fisheries Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, R.O.C
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Chang CH, Lee YC, Hsiao G, Chang LK, Chi WC, Cheng YC, Huang SJ, Wang TC, Lu YS, Lee TH. Anti-Epstein-Barr Viral Agents from the Medicinal Herb-Derived Fungus Alternaria alstroemeriae Km2286. J Nat Prod 2022; 85:2667-2674. [PMID: 36346918 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Chromatographic separation on the liquid-state fermented products produced by the fungal strain Alternaria alstroemeriae Km2286 isolated from the littoral medicinal herb Atriplex maximowicziana Makino resulted in the isolation of compounds 1-9. Structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis as four undescribed perylenequinones, altertromins A-D (1-4), along with altertoxin IV (5), altertoxin VIII (6), stemphyperylenol (7), tenuazonic acid (8), and allo-tenuazonic acid (9). Compounds 1-6 exhibited antiviral activities against Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) with EC50 values ranging from 0.17 ± 0.07 to 3.13 ± 0.31 μM and selectivity indices higher than 10. In an anti-neuroinflammatory assay, compounds 1-4, 6, and 7 showed inhibitory activity of nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-induced microglial BV-2 cells, with IC50 values ranging from 0.33 ± 0.04 to 4.08 ± 0.53 μM without significant cytotoxicity. This is the first report to describe perylenequinone-type compounds with potent anti-EBV and anti-neuroinflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hao Chang
- Institute of Fisheries Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chieh Lee
- Institute of Fisheries Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - George Hsiao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Li-Kwan Chang
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chiung Chi
- Department of Food Science, National Quemoy University, Kinmen 89250, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Chung Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Jung Huang
- Institute of Fisheries Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Chou Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shan Lu
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Huei Lee
- Institute of Fisheries Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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Xie D, Wang TT, Huang SJ, Deng JJ, Ren YJ, Yang Y, Wu JQ, Zhang L, Fei K, Sun XW, She YL, Chen C. Radiomics nomogram for prediction disease-free survival and adjuvant chemotherapy benefits in patients with resected stage I lung adenocarcinoma. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2020; 9:1112-1123. [PMID: 32953490 PMCID: PMC7481634 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-19-577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Robust imaging biomarkers are needed for risk stratification in stage I lung adenocarcinoma patients in order to select optimal treatment regimen. We aimed to construct and validate a radiomics nomogram for predicting the disease-free survival (DFS) of patients with resected stage I lung adenocarcinoma, and further identifying candidates benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT). Methods Using radiomics approach, we analyzed 554 patients' computed tomography (CT) images from three multicenter cohorts. Prognostic radiomics features were extracted from computed tomography (CT) images and selected using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression model to build a radiomics signature for DFS stratification. The biological basis of radiomics was explored in the Radiogenomics dataset (n=79) by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Then a nomogram that integrated the signature with these significant clinicopathologic factors in the multivariate analysis were constructed in the training cohort (n=238), and its prognostic accuracy was evaluated in the validation cohort (n=237). Finally, the predictive value of nomogram for ACT benefits was assessed. Results The radiomics signature with higher score was significantly associated with worse DFS in both the training and validation cohorts (P<0.001). The GSEA presented that the signature was highly correlated to characteristic metabolic process and immune system during cancer progression. Multivariable analysis revealed that age (P=0.031), pathologic TNM stage (P=0.043), histologic subtype (P=0.010) and the signature (P<0.001) were independently associated with patients' DFS. The integrated radiomics nomogram showed good discrimination performance, as well as good calibration and clinical utility, for DFS prediction in the validation cohort. We further found that the patients with high points (point ≥8.788) defined by the radiomics nomogram obtained a significant favorable response to ACT (P=0.04) while patients with low points (point <8.788) showed no survival difference (P=0.7). Conclusions The radiomics nomogram could be used for prognostic prediction and ACT benefits identification for patient with resected stage I lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting-Ting Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu-Jung Huang
- Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba & University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Jia-Jun Deng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Jiu Ren
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun-Qi Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Fei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi-Wen Sun
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun-Lang She
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Ji MF, Sheng W, Cheng WM, Ng MH, Wu BH, Yu X, Wei KR, Li FG, Lian SF, Wang PP, Quan W, Deng L, Li XH, Liu XD, Xie YL, Huang SJ, Ge SX, Huang SL, Liang XJ, He SM, Huang HW, Xia SL, Ng PS, Chen HL, Xie SH, Liu Q, Hong MH, Ma J, Yuan Y, Xia NS, Zhang J, Cao SM. Incidence and mortality of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: interim analysis of a cluster randomized controlled screening trial (PRO-NPC-001) in southern China. Ann Oncol 2019; 30:1630-1637. [PMID: 31373615 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous mass screening studies have shown that IgA antibodies against Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) can facilitate early detection of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), but the impact of EBV-antibody screening for NPC-specific mortality remains unknown. PATIENTS AND METHODS A prospective, cluster randomized, controlled trial for NPC screening (PRO-NPC-001) was conducted in 3 selected towns of Zhongshan City and 13 selected towns of Sihui City in southern China beginning in 2008. Serum samples of the screening group were tested for two previously selected anti-EBV antibodies. Subjects with serological medium risk were subsequently retested annually for 3 years, and those with serological high risk were referred to otorhinolaryngologists for diagnostic check-up. An interim analysis was carried out to evaluate the primary end points of the NPC-specific mortality and the early diagnostic rate, and the secondary end point of the NPC incidence, through linkage with the database of Zhongshan City. RESULTS Among 70 296 total subjects, 29 413 screened participants (41.8% of the total subjects) in the screening group and 50 636 in the control group, 153 (43.3 per 100 000 person-year), 62 (55.3 per 100 000 person-year) and 99 (33.1 per 100 000 person-year) NPC cases were identified. The early diagnostic rates of NPC were significantly higher in the participants (79.0%, P < 0.0001) and the screening group (45.9%, P < 0.0001) compared with the control group (20.6%). Although no differences were found between NPC-specific mortality of the screening group and the control group [relative risk (RR)= 0.82, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.37-1.79], lower NPC-specific mortality was noticed among participants from the screening group versus the control group (RR = 0.22, 95% CI 0.09-0.49). CONCLUSION IgA antibodies against EBV can identify high-risk population and was effective in screening for early asymptomatic NPC. Although the mortality reduction was not significant in the primary end point, we noted encouraging evidence of a mortality reduction in screening participants in this interim analysis. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER NCT00941538.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Ji
- Cancer Research Institute of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan, People's Republic of China
| | - W Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biological Products, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - W M Cheng
- Cancer Research Institute of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan, People's Republic of China
| | - M H Ng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biological Products, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - B H Wu
- Cancer Research Institute of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan, People's Republic of China
| | - X Yu
- Cancer Research Institute of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan, People's Republic of China
| | - K R Wei
- Cancer Research Institute of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan, People's Republic of China
| | - F G Li
- Cancer Research Institute of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan, People's Republic of China
| | - S F Lian
- Cancer Research Institute of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan, People's Republic of China
| | - P P Wang
- Cancer Research Institute of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan, People's Republic of China
| | - W Quan
- Cancer Research Institute of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan, People's Republic of China
| | - L Deng
- Cancer Research Institute of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan, People's Republic of China
| | - X H Li
- Cancer Research Institute of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan, People's Republic of China
| | - X D Liu
- Cancer Research Institute of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan, People's Republic of China
| | - Y L Xie
- Cancer Research Institute of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan, People's Republic of China
| | - S J Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biological Products, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - S X Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biological Products, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - S L Huang
- Xiaolan Public Health Service Center, Zhongshan, People's Republic of China
| | - X J Liang
- Xiaolan Public Health Service Center, Zhongshan, People's Republic of China
| | - S M He
- Xiaolan People's Hospital of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan, People's Republic of China
| | - H W Huang
- Chen Xinhai Hospital of Xiaolan, Zhongshan, People's Republic of China
| | - S L Xia
- Zhongshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhongshan, People's Republic of China
| | - P S Ng
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology and Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR
| | - H L Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology and Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR
| | - S H Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Epidemiology, Cancer Prevention Center, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Q Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Epidemiology, Cancer Prevention Center, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - M H Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Epidemiology, Cancer Prevention Center, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - J Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Epidemiology, Cancer Prevention Center, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Yuan
- Cancer Research Institute of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan, People's Republic of China
| | - N S Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biological Products, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - J Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biological Products, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.
| | - S M Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Epidemiology, Cancer Prevention Center, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Yang L, Diao SS, Ding YP, Huang SJ, Sun T, Lu Y, Fang Q, Cai XY, Kong Y, Xu Z. [Efficacy and mechanism of loading dose clopidogrel in patients with transient ischemic attack and minor stroke]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 99:349-353. [PMID: 30772975 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To assess outcome, safety and possible mechanism of loading dose clopidogrel in patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) and minor stroke. Methods: We reviewed patients with confirmed TIA and minor stroke admitted between July 2016 and December 2017 into the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University. Loss-of-function allele carriers of CYP2C19 were included and randomly divided into loading dose group (first dose of 300 mg clopidogrel) and standard dose group (first dose of 75 mg clopidogrel), 100 mg aspirin was gave at the same time, followed by aspirin 100 mg/d plus clopidogrel 75 mg/d maintaining for 20 days. Platelet aggregation (maximum aggregation ratio, MAR) induced by Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) was examined before and 3 days after administration. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score method was employed to assess the NIHSS scores before and after treatment in each group of patients; the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was used to assess the 3-month functional outcome. Results: There was no significant difference in baseline data between the two groups (P>0.05).The proportion of early neurological function improvement in the two groups was 75.0% and 54.8%, and the difference was statistically significant (χ(2)=4.498, P=0.034). The 3-month prognosis was 79.5% and 61.3%, and the difference was statistically significant (χ(2)=4.000, P=0.045). Adverse events: 1 case in the loading dose group, 1 case in the standard dose group, the difference was not statistically significant (2.3% vs 1.6%, χ(2)=0.061, P=0.806). After 3 days of antiplatelet therapy, the MAR of the loading dose group decreased (11%±8%), and the MAR of the standard dose group decreased (9%±4%), the difference was statistically significant (P=0.013).In the loading dose group, there were 32 (72.7%)CYP2C19*2 carriers and 42 (95.5%)CYP2C19*2+*3 carriers; early neurological function improvement in 33 cases, accounting for 93.8% and 76.2%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (χ(2)=4.122, P=0.042). There were 35 patients with good prognosis in 3 months, accounting for 96.9% and 81.0%, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (χ(2)=4.310, P=0.038); MAR of CYP2C19*2 carrier was decreased (15%±5%), and MAR of CYP2C19*2+*3 carrier was decreased (12%±8%). The difference was statistically significant (P=0.039). Conclusions: Loading dose clopidogrel can improve the clinical prognosis of minor stroke/TIA without increasing the risk of bleeding. Loading dose clopidogrel may improve the prognosis of minor stroke/TIA by decreasing MAR of CYP2C19*2 carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Yang
- Department of Neurology, Suqian First Hospital, Suqian 223800, China
| | - S S Diao
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Y P Ding
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - S J Huang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - T Sun
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Y Lu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Q Fang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - X Y Cai
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Y Kong
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Z Xu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
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Wilson RD, Huang SJ, McLean AS. The Correlation between Airborne Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with the Presence of MRSA Colonized Patients in a General Intensive Care Unit. Anaesth Intensive Care 2019; 32:202-9. [PMID: 15957717 DOI: 10.1177/0310057x0403200207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Air sampling directly onto a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) selective agar was performed at six locations three times weekly over a period of 32 weeks in a new, initially MRSA-free Intensive Care Unit to examine if MRSA is present in air sample cultures and, if so, whether it is affected by the number of MRSA colonized patients present. A total of 480 air samples were collected on 80 days. A total of 39/480 (8.1%) samples were found to be MRSA positive of which 24/160 (15%) positive air samples were from the single rooms, where MRSA colonised patients were isolated, and 15/320 (4.7%) were from the open bed areas. A significant correlation was found between the daily number of MRSA colonized or infected patients in the Unit and the daily number of MRSA positive air samples cultures obtained (r2=0.128; P<0.005). The frequency of positive cultures was significantly higher in the single rooms than in the open bed areas (relative risk=3.2; P<0.001). The results from one of the single rooms showed a strong correlation between the presence of MRSA patients and MRSA positive air samples (relative risk=11.4; P<0.005). Our findings demonstrate that the presence of airborne MRSA in our unit is strongly related to the presence and number of MRSA colonized or infected patients in the Unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- R D Wilson
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University of Sydney, Nepean Hospital, Penrith, New South Wales
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12
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Nalos M, Huang SJ, Pandit R, McLean AS. Endotoxin Stimulated Interleukin-10 Production is Enhanced by Adenosine. Possible Key to Septic Shock Associated Immune Deficiency? Anaesth Intensive Care 2019; 34:719-23. [PMID: 17183888 DOI: 10.1177/0310057x0603400608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this bench study was to investigate whether adenosine influences secretion of interleukin-10 (IL-10) in human whole blood culture stimulated with lipopolysaccharide. Whole blood from healthy human volunteers was mixed ex vivo in 1:1 ratio with RPMI 1640 culture medium and subsequently cultured at 37°C with or without adenosine (total of 120 μM added in four aliquots over two hours) in the presence or absence of 100 ng/ml lipopolysaccharide for four and eight hours, respectively. There was only a minimal IL-10 production after four hours of culture regardless of the experimental conditions. However, lipopolysaccharide stimulated whole blood cultures with added adenosine released large amounts of IL-10 after eight hours. The response was similar whether adenosine was added before (5.99 pg/ml/106 leucocytes) or after (10.35 pg/ml/106 leucocytes) stimulation with lipopolysaccharide and inter-individual variation was present. In conclusion adenosine enhances lipopolysaccharide stimulated IL-10 production in whole human blood and may contribute to the IL-10 mediated immune dysfunction in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nalos
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University of Sydney, Nepean Hospital, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
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Huang SJ, Lin LL, Chen LC, Ou LS, Yao TC, Tsao KC, Yeh KW, Huang JL. Prevalence of airway hyperresponsiveness and its seasonal variation in children with asthma. Pediatr Neonatol 2018; 59:561-566. [PMID: 29398555 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Revised: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) is a key feature of asthma and can be detected using various bronchoprovocation tests. In pediatric populations, the percentage of a positive methacholine challenge test (MCCTs) in children with asthma varies among studies, and some have reported seasonal variability. However, these studies have mostly been conducted in temperate regions. This study evaluated the prevalence of AHR to methacholine and its seasonal variation in asthmatic children in Taiwan, a subtropical country. METHODS A total of 276 children with asthma and their MCCT results were retrospectively reviewed. All were diagnosed with asthma and received asthma controllers regularly. They were assigned to four season groups depending in which season MCCTs were administered, with seasons categorized by the Central Weather Bureau of Taiwan. Subgroup analyses, including for sex, age, and atopy level, were compared for seasonal difference. RESULTS The prevalence of methacholine hyperresponsiveness was 70.7% (n = 195), and the children who were younger and had higher total serum IgE were more sensitive to methacholine (p = 0.019 and p < 0.005, respectively). No significant difference in AHR prevalence among seasons was observed (p = 0.480). The percentage of borderline, mild, and moderate severity of MCCT results was almost equally distributed among the seasons. In subgroup analysis, the children with a higher IgE level (≥75th percentile of all data) had a higher proportion of positive MCCTs in summer (88.6%, p = 0.016). CONCLUSION In total, 70% of the children with asthma in Taiwan had AHR to methacholine, which varied among seasons. Children with a higher total serum IgE level may be more seasonally dependent, particularly in summer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Jung Huang
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taiwan
| | - Li-Lun Lin
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chen Chen
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Shiou Ou
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Chieh Yao
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chien Tsao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology & Laboratory Science, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Yeh
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Long Huang
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taiwan.
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Meng XJ, Jia TJ, Yin HL, Luo ZZ, Ding Y, Chen WY, Huang SJ, Zheng HP, Yang B, Grulich A, Lu Y, Wang ZY, Qian YH, Zou HC. [Analysis on voluntary blood donation and associated factors in men who have sex with men in 3 cities in China]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2018; 39:1443-1448. [PMID: 30462951 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To assess the prevalence of blood donation and associated factors in men who have sex with men (MSM) in China. Methods: Our observational study was conducted between January and August, 2017 in 3 cities: Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Wuxi. Eligible participants were MSM (≥18 years old) who had either ≥2 male sex partners or unprotected anal sex with casual partners, or had been diagnosed with STI in the past 6 months. A self-completed tablet-based questionnaire was used to collect the information about MSM's socio-demographic characteristics, sexual behaviors and blood donation history. Results: A total of 603 MSM were enrolled in our study, including 302 in Guangzhou, 152 in Shenzhen and 149 in Wuxi, with a mean age of 27.9 years (SD=7.8). Overall, 29.2% (176/603) of the MSM reported a history of blood donation, and 33.1% (100/302)in Guangzhou, 27.6% (42/152) in Shenzhen and 22.8% (34/149) in Wuxi, the differences were not significant (χ(2)=6.421, P=0.093). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that MSM had ever tested for HIV for ≥2 times in the past 12 months (vs. MSM tested for HIV one time, aOR=1.49, 95%CI: 1.08-2.19) or who had ever used gay dating app (vs. MSM who not used gay dating app, aOR=2.13, 95%CI: 1.12-4.44) were more likely to donate blood. Conclusions: Blood donation was common in MSM in China. Health education about blood donation in MSM should be strengthened to ensure the blood safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- X J Meng
- Wuxi Prefectural Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - T J Jia
- Wuxi Prefectural Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - H L Yin
- Wuxi Prefectural Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Z Z Luo
- Nanshan District Center for Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Y Ding
- Nanshan District Center for Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - W Y Chen
- Nanshan District Center for Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - S J Huang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - H P Zheng
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - B Yang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - A Grulich
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Y Lu
- School of public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510008, China
| | - Z Y Wang
- School of public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510008, China
| | - Y H Qian
- Wuxi Prefectural Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - H C Zou
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia; School of public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
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Wei FX, Guo M, Ma XJ, Huang Y, Zheng Y, Wang L, Sun Y, Zhuang SJ, Yin K, Su YY, Huang SJ, Li MQ, Wu T, Zhang J. [The impact of male circumcision on the natural history of genital HPV infection: a prospective cohort study]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018; 52:486-492. [PMID: 29747340 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9024.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the correlation between circumcision and incidence and clearance of male genital HPV infection. Methods: From May to July 2014, 18-55 year old men who had sexual behavior history were recruited from the general population in Liuzhou, Guangxi to set up a cohort. Totally, 113 circumcised and 560 uncircumcised men were enrolled and interviewed using a questionnaire (including information on demographic characteristics and sexual behaviors), then they were followed-up with 6-month interval for 2 times. On each visit, specimens of male external genitalia were collected and genotyped for HPV DNA. The differences of incidence and clearance of genital HPV infections between circumcised and uncircumcised men were analyzed by Log-rank test. Cox regression was used to analyze the relationship between circumcision and incidence and clearance of HPV infection. Results: The median age (P(25), P(75)) of circumcised and uncircumcised men were 28 (24, 35) and 32 (24, 31), respectively. The incidences of any HPV infections were 9.1 (95%CI: 2.4-15.7) and 8.4 (95% CI: 5.6-11.2) per 1 000 person-months (χ(2)=0.10, P=0.758), respectively. The clearance of circumcised men [136.3 (95%CI: 70.0-202.7) per 1 000 person-months] was higher than that in uncircumcised men [89.6 (95%CI: 65.9-113.3) per 1 000 person-months] (χ(2)=8.19, P=0.004). In multivariate COX regression analysis, compared with uncircumcised men, circumcised men had higher possibility to clear any HPV infections (HR: 2.41, 95%CI: 1.30-4.46). Compared with men having one sexual partner, people having more than 4 sexual partners had lower possibility to clear any HPV infections (HR: 0.49, 95%CI: 0.25-0.96). Compared with 18-25 years old men, men aged 26-35 years old had higher possibility to clear high-risk HPV infections (HR: 2.14, 95%CI: 1.08-4.23). Conclusion: Circumcised and uncircumcised men had similar incidence of genital HPV infection, whereas, men conducted circumcision and having fewer sexual partners could increase the clearance of genital HPV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- F X Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
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Lin LL, Huang SJ, Ou LS, Yao TC, Tsao KC, Yeh KW, Huang JL. Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in children with asthma: An observational cohort study. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2017; 52:471-479. [PMID: 28939136 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2017.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE The diagnosis of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) was established by changes in lung function after exercise challenge. The prevalence of EIB and factors related to EIB were not fully described in children with asthma. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and predictors of EIB in children with asthma. METHODS A total of 149 children with physician-diagnosed asthma above 5 years of age underwent standardized treadmill exercise challenge for EIB and methacholine challenge for airway hyper-responsiveness from October 2015 to December 2016. RESULTS EIB presented in 52.5% of children with asthma. Compared with children without EIB, there were more patients with atopic dermatitis in children with EIB (p = 0.038). Allergic to Dermatohagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae were also found more in children with EIB (p = 0.045 and 0.048 respectively). Maximal decrease in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) were highest in patients who were most sensitive to methacholine provocation (provocation concentration causing 20% fall in FEV1 [PC20] ≤ 1 mg/mL). Patients, who were more sensitive to methacholine challenge (with lower PC20 levels), develop EIB with more decline in FEV1 after exercise challenge (p = 0.038). Among patients with EIB, airflow limitation development in patient with methacholine-induced airway hyper-responsiveness was more abrupt and severe compared with patients without airway hyper-responsiveness (p = 0.045 and 0.033 respectively). CONCLUSION EIB presented in 52.5% of children with asthma. The more severe methacholine-induced hyper-responsiveness, the higher prevalence of EIB as well as the severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Lun Lin
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Children's Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Jung Huang
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Children's Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Shiou Ou
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Children's Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Chieh Yao
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Children's Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chieh Tsao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology & Laboratory Science, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Yeh
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Children's Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Jing-Long Huang
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Children's Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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17
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Abstract
The current trend to treat hypotension in critically ill patients is to place a greater emphasis on inotropic support and less on fluid resuscitation in order to limit the potential harm from fluid overload. This combination may trigger left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) in susceptible patients. Although LVOTO is classically described in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy it has been reported in other conditions including septic shock, apical ballooning syndrome, myocardial infarction, respiratory failure, and post valvular surgery. It is more common in the elderly, females, and in patients with hypertension, diabetes, and chronic vascular disease because of predisposing anatomical conditions such as left ventricular hypertrophy, small left ventricle size, sigmoid septum and alterations in the positions of the aortic and mitral valve annular planes. The onset of LVOTO is largely unpredictable due to a complex interplay between preload, afterload, heart rhythm and rate in susceptible patients. The consequences of missing this treatable condition may lead to life-threatening hypotension refractory to, or exacerbated by, a further increase in inotropic support. Dynamic LVOTO should be considered in any hypotensive intensive care patient. Echocardiography is perhaps the best tool to assess LVOTO and its underlying pathophysiology in the critically ill. Detection of LVOTO is a relatively simple task using a combination of two-dimensional, M-mode and spectral Doppler imaging by an operator alert to the possible diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Evans
- Senior Lecturer, James Cook University, Townsville, Senior Staff Specialist, Intensive Care Unit, Townsville Hospital, Queensland
| | - S J Huang
- Associate Professor, Nepean Clinical School, University of Sydney, Senior Scientist, Department of Intensive Care, Nepean Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales
| | - A S McLean
- Professor, Nepean Clinical School, University of Sydney, Head, Department of Intensive Care, Nepean Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales
| | - M Nalos
- Senior Lecturer, Nepean Clinical School, University of Sydney, Staff Specialist, Department of Intensive Care, Nepean Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales
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18
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Orde S, Huang SJ, McLean AS. Speckle tracking echocardiography in the critically ill: enticing research with minimal clinical practicality or the answer to non-invasive cardiac assessment? Anaesth Intensive Care 2017; 44:542-51. [PMID: 27608336 DOI: 10.1177/0310057x1604400518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Echocardiography is developing rapidly. Speckle tracking echocardiography is the latest semi-automatic tool that has potential to quantitatively describe cardiac dysfunction that may be unrecognised by conventional echocardiography. It is a non-Doppler, angle-independent, feasible and reproducible method to evaluate myocardial function in both non-critically ill and critically ill populations. Increasingly it has become a standard measure of both left and right ventricle function in specific patient groups, e.g. chemotherapy-induced cardiomyopathy or pulmonary hypertension. To date there are few studies in the critically ill, predominantly in sepsis, yet all describe dysfunction beyond standard measures. Other areas of interest include heart-lung interactions, right ventricle function and twist and torsion of the heart. A word of caution is required, however, in that speckle tracking echocardiography is far from perfect and is more challenging, particularly in the critically ill, than implied by many published studies. It takes time to learn and perform and most values are not validated, particularly in the critically ill. We should be cautious in accepting that the latest software used in cardiology cohorts will automatically be the answer in the critically ill. Even with these limitations the technology is enticing and results fascinating. We are uncovering previously undescribed dysfunction and although it currently is essentially a research-based activity, there is great promise as a clinical tool as echocardiography analysis becomes more automated, and potentially speckle tracking echocardiography could help describe cardiac function in critical illness more accurately than is possible with current techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Orde
- Intensive Care Specialist, Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Nepean Hospital, Sydney, NSW
| | - S J Huang
- Associate Professor, Principal Research Fellow (non-clinical position), Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Nepean Hospital, Sydney, NSW
| | - A S McLean
- Professor, Intensive Care Specialist and Director, Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Nepean Hospital, Sydney, NSW
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19
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He WG, Zhao J, Huang SJ, Wu T. [Research progress regarding the clinical evaluation on recombinant human papillomavirus vaccines]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2017; 37:904-8. [PMID: 27346126 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2016.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main cause for cervical cancer, anogenital cancers and genital warts. Three HPV vaccines have been licensed abroad. Data from clinical trials showed high efficacy of the HPV vaccines in young women with 90%-100% vaccine-related HPV diseases prevented. Though efficacy of the vaccine appears lower in older women, this population can still benefit from vaccination. Immunobriging trials show that the two-dose schedule in 9-14 years old girls elicits non-inferior immune response than the three-dose one in young adults. In addition, HPV vaccines can reduce the recurrent rates in CIN2+ patients after therapeutic surgery and the vaccines have cross-protection aganist diseases caused by non-vaccine type HPV. Safety data on HPV vaccines are assuring. Thus HPV vaccine should be widely used in adolescent girls and women of appropriate age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- W G He
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xia Men 361102, China
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20
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Yu HZ, Zhang F, Zhu PL, Pan W, Huang SJ, Xiang H. [Co-overexpression of human tissue kallikrein 1 and human metalloproteinase 1 tissue inhibitor inhibits neointima formation in the rat artery after balloon angioplasty]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2016; 44:436-42. [PMID: 27220581 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3758.2016.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of adenovirus-mediated human tissue kallikrein 1(hTK-1) and/or human tissue metalloproteinase inhibitor 1 (hTIMP-1) gene delivery on the neointima formation in balloon-injured rat carotids and related mechanism. METHODS Forty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into 6 groups with the random number table: (1) sham-operated group(n=6), (2) angioplasty group (n=8), (3) vector virus group (n=8), (4) hTK-1 group (n=8), (5) hTIMP-1 group (n=8), (6) hTK-1-hTIMP-1 group (n=8). Except sham rats, all rats underwent carotid artery balloon injury and local delivery of saline or different recombined adenoviruses respectively. Rats were sacrificed 14 days later. Intima/media area ratio was assessed on hematoxylin-eosin stained tissue section. Immunofluorescence images stained for hTK-1, hTIMP-1 were obtained and analyzed by the confocal microscope for co-localization examination of hTK-1 and hTIMP-1. The protein expression levels of hTK-1, hTIMP-1, matrix metalloproteinases(MMP)-2 and MMP-9 were determined by Western blot. Immune histochemical staining for PCNA was also performed. RESULTS (1)Intima area, intima/media area ratio, PCNA, MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels were all significantly increased in rats underwent angioplasty (did or did not receive vector virus) compared with sham-operated rats (all P<0.01) while above parameters were similar between rats underwent angioplasty or vector virus delivery (all P>0.05). (2) The intima area of rats received vector virus, hTK-1, hTIMP-1 or dual gene transfer were (0.160±0.010), (0.110±0.015), (0.121±0.016) or (0.081±0.008) mm(2) respectively, intima area was similar between rats received hTK-1 or hTIMP-1 (P>0.05), differences were found between other groups (all P<0.01). The intima/media area ratio of rats received vector virus, hTK-1, hTIMP-1 or dual gene transfer were 2.035±0.117, 1.443±0.097, 1.522±0.078 or 0.972±0.072 respectively, no difference was found between rats received hTK-1 or hTIMP-1 in intima/media area ratio (all P>0.05), differences were found between other groups (all P<0.01). The MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression of rats received vector virus, hTK-1, hTIMP-1 or dual gene transfer were 0.817±0.036, 0.606±0.044, 0.571±0.061 or 0.455±0.030 and 0.745±0.057, 0.613±0.038, 0.582±0.050 or 0.473±0.038 respectively, no difference was found between rats received hTK-1 or hTIMP-1 in MMP-2 or MMP-9 expression (all P>0.05), differences were found between other groups (all P<0.01). The PCNA expression of rats received vector virus, hTK-1, hTIMP-1 or dual gene transfer were 0.065±0.007, 0.052±0.004, 0.055±0.007 or 0.031±0.004 respectively, no difference was found between rats received hTK-1or hTIMP-1 in PCNA expression (all P>0.05), differences were found between other groups (all P<0.01). CONCLUSION hTK-1 and hTIMP-1 co-overexpression may synergistically inhibit neointimal hyperplasia, attenuate vascular remodeling and reduce restenosis possibly via down regulating the expressions of PCNA, MMP-2 and MMP-9 in balloon-injured rat carotids.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Z Yu
- Department of Geriatrics, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Provincial Institute of Clinical Geriatrics, Provincial Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
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21
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Li FB, Zhao H, Peng KR, Gao ZG, Huang SJ, Tou JF, Shu XL, Gu WZ. Expression of transforming growth factor-β1 and connective tissue growth factor in congenital biliary atresia and neonatal hepatitis liver tissue. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr7217. [PMID: 26909983 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15017217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in the liver tissue of infants with congenital biliary atresia and neonatal hepatitis, as well as the relationship between the expression of the two factors and liver fibrosis. Thirty-six infants who met the cholestasis criteria were classified into congenital biliary atresia and neonatal hepatitis groups. All specimens were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and Masson's trichrome, and the degree of liver fibrosis was assessed. The scope and level of CTGF and TGF-β1 expression in the different specimens was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and observation. Liver fibrosis in the congenital biliary atresia group was more advanced than that in the neonatal hepatitis group, and the difference was significant (P < 0.01). In the neonatal hepatitis patients, CTGF and TGF-β1 were mainly expressed in the hepatocytes, while they were expressed in both hepatocytes and biliary epithelial cells in the congenital biliary atresia patients, and in these patients the expression was significantly stronger than in the neonatal hepatitis patients (P < 0.01). With the aggravation of hepatic fibrosis, CTGF and TGF-β1 expression levels in liver tissue gradually increased, and their expression levels were significantly correlated (P < 0.01). Liver fibrosis is present in both congenital biliary atresia and neonatal hepatitis patients. The gradual increase of CTGF and TGF-β1 expression levels in liver tissue is associated with liver fibrosis. Early expression of CTGF and TGF-β1 in biliary epithelial cells may be involved in the pathogenesis of congenital biliary atresia.
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Affiliation(s)
- F B Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - H Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - K R Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Z G Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - S J Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - J F Tou
- Department of General Surgery, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - X L Shu
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - W Z Gu
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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22
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Golowenko AR, Nalos M, Huang SJ. Does left ventricular tissue Doppler peak systolic velocity (Sm) reflect cardiac output in the critically ill? Anaesth Intensive Care 2013; 41:490-5. [PMID: 23808508 DOI: 10.1177/0310057x1304100409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac output (CO) is dependent on a number of factors, in particular, the systolic function of the heart. Tissue Doppler (TD) is a modality in echocardiography that measures myocardial velocity and is related to contractility. TD can therefore be used to measure the systolic function of the heart. This study sought to establish whether the systolic component of TD can be used to estimate CO in critically ill patients. Retrospective data was obtained from a total of 80 patients: 29 patients with a normal echocardiogram, and 51 intensive care unit patients; 28 septic and 23 with heart failure. The mean TD peak systolic velocity (Sm) was significantly lower in the heart failure patients (P <0.05) compared to both normal and septic group. The mean CO was significantly higher in septic patients when compared to heart failure patients. A mild to moderate positive correlation was found between Sm and CO in the heart failure group and with all patients combined (r2=0.19, P <0.001). Subsequent analysis of Sm versus stroke volume again showed a mild positive correlation in the heart failure group and combined results (r2=0.18, P <0.001). Sm was weakly correlated to heart rate only in the normal group but not in the combined cohort. Our data confirms a weak to moderate correlation between Sm and CO, probably resulting from a positive correlation of Sm and stroke volume. This correlation is not strong enough to support the use of an individual's Sm to estimate CO in intensive care patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Golowenko
- Intensive Care Unit, Nepean Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales
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23
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Chen YH, Hwang TL, Su YD, Chang YC, Chen YH, Hong PH, Hu LC, Yen WH, Hsu HY, Huang SJ, Kuo YH, Sung PJ. New 6-hydroxyeunicellins from a soft coral Cladiella sp. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2012; 60:160-3. [PMID: 22223389 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.60.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Two new 6-hydroxyeunicellin diterpenoids, cladieunicellin G (1) and 6-epi-cladieunicellin F (2), were isolated from an Indonesian octocoral Cladiella sp. The structures of eunicellins 1 and 2 were established by spectroscopic methods and 2 was found to be an epimer of the known eunicellin cladieunicellin F (3). Eunicellin 2 displayed inhibitory effects on the generation of superoxide anion and the release of elastase by human neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Husan Chen
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Pingtung 944, Taiwan
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24
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Lai JY, Ma DHK, Cheng HY, Sun CC, Huang SJ, Li YT, Hsiue GH. Ocular Biocompatibility of Carbodiimide Cross-Linked Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels for Cell Sheet Delivery Carriers. Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition 2012; 21:359-76. [DOI: 10.1163/156856209x416980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Yang Lai
- a Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan 33302, Republic of China; Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan 33302, Republic of China; Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan 33302, Republic of China
| | - David Hui-Kang Ma
- b Limbal Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan 33305, Republic of China; Department of Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan 33302, Republic of China
| | - Hsiao-Yun Cheng
- c Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan 33302, Republic of China
| | - Chi-Chin Sun
- d Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan 20401, Republic of China
| | - Shu-Jung Huang
- e Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan 33302, Republic of China
| | - Ya-Ting Li
- f Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan 33302, Republic of China
| | - Ging-Ho Hsiue
- g Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, Republic of China
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25
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Wu ZM, Yang H, Li M, Yeh CC, Schatz F, Lockwood CJ, Di W, Huang SJ. Pro-inflammatory cytokine-stimulated first trimester decidual cells enhance macrophage-induced apoptosis of extravillous trophoblasts. Placenta 2011; 33:188-94. [PMID: 22212249 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2011.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2011] [Revised: 12/08/2011] [Accepted: 12/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE As human blastocyst-derived extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) invade the early decidua, they are positioned to interact with immune cells and resident decidual cells, and remodel spiral arteries into high capacity vessels that increase blood flow to the developing fetal-placental unit. Shallow EVT invasion elicits incomplete vascular transformation and reduces uteroplacental blood flow that presages adverse pregnancy outcomes. Excess macrophages in the decidua induce EVT apoptosis via tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) secretion. Our previous observation that pro-inflammatory cytokines enhance neutrophil and macrophage activator granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) expression in first trimester decidual cells is now extended to include: (1) the specific macrophage activator M-CSF; (2) macrophage activation and subsequent enhancement of EVT apoptosis by both GM-CSF and M-CSF. STUDY DESIGN Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay assessed M-CSF expression in first trimester decidual cells incubated with interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) or TNF-α. Peripheral monocyte-derived macrophages pre-incubated with conditioned media from decidual cell cultures were co-cultured with a first trimester EVT cell line, HTR-8/SVneo cells. Macrophage activation was examined and EVT apoptosis evaluated by DNA fragmentation, caspase activation and cell membrane asymmetry. RESULTS IL-1β or TNF-α significantly enhanced M-CSF expression in first trimester decidual cells. The conditioned media from these cultures activates macrophages, which promote caspase 3/7-dependent EVT apoptosis with antibodies against GM-CSF or M-CSF blocking this effect. CONCLUSIONS Pro-inflammatory cytokines increases synthesis of M-CSF in first trimester decidual cells. Both GM-CSF and M-CSF activate macrophages, which initiate caspase-dependent EVT apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z M Wu
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University, 333 Cedar St., P. O. Box 208063, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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Huang SJ, Chen MJ, Yueh PY, Yu B, Zhao X, Liu JR. Display of Fibrobacter succinogenes β-glucanase on the cell surface of Lactobacillus reuteri. J Agric Food Chem 2011; 59:1744-1751. [PMID: 21302894 DOI: 10.1021/jf104266x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to display a rumen bacterial β-glucanase on the cell surface of a probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri strain. The β-glucan degrading ability and the adhesion capability of the genetically modified strain were evaluated. The β-glucanase (Glu) from Fibrobacter succinogenes was fused to the C-terminus of collagen-binding protein (Cnb) from L. reuteri and then expressed by L. reuteri Pg4 as a recombinant Cnb-Glu-His(6) fusion protein. Confocal immunofluorescence microscopy and flow cytometric analysis of the transformed strain L. reuteri pNZ-cnb/glu demonstrated that Cnb-Glu-His(6) fusion protein was displayed on its cell surface. In addition, L. reuteri pNZ-cnb/glu acquired the capacity to break down barley β-glucan and showed higher adhesion capability, in comparison with the parental strain L. reuteri Pg4. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of successful display of fibrolytic enzymes on the cell surface of intestinal lactobacilli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Jung Huang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology and Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University , Taipei, Taiwan
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27
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Lockwood CJ, Huang SJ, Krikun G, Caze R, Rahman M, Buchwalder LF, Schatz F. Decidual hemostasis, inflammation, and angiogenesis in pre-eclampsia. Semin Thromb Hemost 2011; 37:158-64. [PMID: 21370218 DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1270344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Invasion of the decidua by extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) is accompanied by thrombin generation from decidual cell (DC)-expressed tissue factor (TF). This TF protects against hemorrhage as EVTs breach capillaries and subsequently invade and remodel spiral arteries and arterioles. Pre-eclampsia (P-EC) is the world's leading cause of fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality. It is associated with decidual hemorrhage and maternal thrombophilias, which form excess thrombin from DCs, and with maternal infections and other inflammatory conditions that are associated with excess expression of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1 β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α. In human first-trimester leukocyte-free DCs, (1) thrombin enhances expression of soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis; (2) thrombin, IL-1β and TNF-α increase monocyte-recruiting chemokine expression leading to a macrophage excess in the pre-eclamptic decidua. The pathogenesis of P-EC likely stems from shallow EVT invasion leading to impaired decidual vascular remodeling. The resulting reduced uteroplacental blood flow is associated with a hypoxic placenta, which appears to secrete excess sFlt-1 into the maternal plasma. A regulatory role for DCs in vascular remodeling is indicated because impaired decidual vascular remodeling could stem from an aberrant local antiangiogenic milieu elicited by excess sFlt-1 and/or macrophage-inhibited EVT decidual invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles J Lockwood
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
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Abstract
There is no generally accepted definition for a "prolonged surgical intensive care unit (SICU) stay". The aims of the current study were to: (1) define prolonged SICU stay; (2) identify risk factors of prolonged SICU stay; and (3) identify risk factors of hospital mortality in patients with a prolonged SICU stay. All SICU patients aged >16 years and with an intensive care unit (ICU) stay longer than three days without ICU readmission between 1 January 2004 and 30 November 2006 at the National Taiwan University Hospital were recruited to the study. A total of 2598 patients were recruited. ICU stay >16 days was defined as a prolonged SICU stay since rates of ICU mortality, hospital mortality and mortality one year after ICU discharge remained stationary after ICU stay was >16 days. A multivariate logistic regression model identified factors associated with a prolonged SICU stay, including age more than 70 years old, (odds ratio 1.587, 95% confidence interval 1.246 to 2.022), increasing pre-ICU hospital days (odds ratio 1.009, 95% confidence interval 1.003 to 1.015), admission from emergency (odds ratio 1.925, 95% confidence interval 1.455 to 2.548), use of mechanical circulation support (odds ratio 2.314, 95% confidence interval 1.458 to 3.674) and renal replacement therapy (odds ratio 5.140, 95% confidence interval 3.781 to 6.987). A multivariate logistic regression model identified factors associated with ICU mortality in patients with ICU stay >16 days, including renal replacement therapy (odds ratio 4.780, 95% confidence interval 2.687 to 8.504). An ICU stay >16 days could be used to define prolonged SICU stay when hospital and one-year mortality rates are considered. Prevention of organ failure requiring renal replacement therapy might prove a useful goal to avoid prolonged ICU stay and even hospital mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Huang
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Lockwood CJ, Paidas M, Murk WK, Kayisli UA, Gopinath A, Huang SJ, Krikun G, Schatz F. Involvement of human decidual cell-expressed tissue factor in uterine hemostasis and abruption. Thromb Res 2009; 124:516-20. [PMID: 19720393 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2009.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2009] [Revised: 07/06/2009] [Accepted: 07/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Vascular injury increases access and binding of plasma-derived factor VII to perivascular cell membrane-bound tissue factor (TF). The resulting TF/VIIa complex promotes hemostasis by cleaving pro-thrombin to thrombin leading to the fibrin clot. In human pregnancy, decidual cell-expressed TF prevents decidual hemorrhage (abruption). During placentation, trophoblasts remodel decidual spiral arteries into high conductance vessels. Shallow trophoblast invasion impedes decidual vascular conversion, producing an inadequate uteroplacental blood flow that elicits abruption-related placental ischemia. Thrombin induces several biological effects via cell surface protease activated receptors. In first trimester human DCs thrombin increases synthesis of sFlt-1, which elicits placental ischemia by impeding angiogenesis-related decidual vascular remodeling. During pregnacy, the fibrillar collagen-rich amnion and choriodecidua extracellular matrix (ECM) provides greater than additive tensile strength and structural integrity. Thrombin acts as an autocrine/paracrine mediator that degrades these ECMs by augmenting decidual cell expression of: 1) matrix metalloproteinases and 2) interleukin-8, a key mediator of abruption-associated decidual infiltration of neutrophils, which express several ECM degrading proteases. Among the cell types at the maternal fetal interface at term, TF expression is highest in decidual cells indicating that this TF meets the hemostatic demands of labor and delivery. TF expression in cultured term decidual cells is enhanced by progestin and thrombin suggesting that the maintenance of elevated circulating progesterone provides hemostatic protection and that abruption-generated thrombin acts in an autocrine/paracrine fashion on decidual cells to promote hemostasis via enhanced TF expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Lockwood
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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Lai JY, Lin PK, Hsiue GH, Cheng HY, Huang SJ, Li YT. Low Bloom Strength Gelatin as a Carrier for Potential Use in Retinal Sheet Encapsulation and Transplantation. Biomacromolecules 2008; 10:310-9. [DOI: 10.1021/bm801039n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Yang Lai
- Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Research Center, and Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan 33302, Republic of China, Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan 11217, Republic of China, and Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, Republic of China
| | - Po-Kang Lin
- Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Research Center, and Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan 33302, Republic of China, Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan 11217, Republic of China, and Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, Republic of China
| | - Ging-Ho Hsiue
- Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Research Center, and Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan 33302, Republic of China, Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan 11217, Republic of China, and Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, Republic of China
| | - Hsiao-Yun Cheng
- Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Research Center, and Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan 33302, Republic of China, Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan 11217, Republic of China, and Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, Republic of China
| | - Shu-Jung Huang
- Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Research Center, and Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan 33302, Republic of China, Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan 11217, Republic of China, and Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, Republic of China
| | - Ya-Ting Li
- Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Research Center, and Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan 33302, Republic of China, Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan 11217, Republic of China, and Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, Republic of China
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Wu LC, Fan NC, Lin MH, Chu IR, Huang SJ, Hu CY, Han SY. Anti-inflammatory effect of spilanthol from Spilanthes acmella on murine macrophage by down-regulating LPS-induced inflammatory mediators. J Agric Food Chem 2008; 56:2341-2349. [PMID: 18321049 DOI: 10.1021/jf073057e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Spilanthes acmella (Paracress), a common spice, has been administered as a traditional folk medicine for years to cure toothaches, stammering, and stomatitis. Previous studies have demonstrated its diuretic, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the active compounds contributing to the anti-inflammatory effect have seldom been addressed. This study isolates the active compound, spilanthol, by a bioactivity-guided approach and indicates significant anti-inflammatory activity on lipopolysaccharide-activated murine macrophage model, RAW 264.7. The anti-inflammatory mechanism of paracress is also investigated. Extracts of S. acmella are obtained by extraction with 85% ethanol, followed by liquid partition against hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and butanol. The ethyl acetate extract exhibits a stronger free radical scavenging capacity than other fractions do, as determined by DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays. The chloroform extract significantly inhibits nitric oxide production ( p < 0.01) and is selected for further fractionation to yield the active compound, spilanthol. The diminished levels of LPS-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX-2) mRNA and protein expression support the postulation that spilanthol inhibits proinflammatory mediator production at the transcriptional and translational levels. Additionally, the LPS-stimulated IL-1beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha productions are dose-dependently reduced by spilanthol. The LPS-induced phosphorylation of cytoplasmic inhibitor-kappaB and the nuclear NF-kappaB DNA binding activity are both restrained by spilanthol. Results of this study suggest that spilanthol, isolated from S. acmella, attenuates the LPS-induced inflammatory responses in murine RAW 264.7 macrophages partly due to the inactivation of NF-kappaB, which negatively regulates the production of proinflammatory mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chen Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, Puli, Nantou, Taiwan.
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Huang SJ, Chen CP, Schatz F, Rahman M, Abrahams VM, Lockwood CJ. Pre-eclampsia is associated with dendritic cell recruitment into the uterine decidua. J Pathol 2008; 214:328-36. [PMID: 18069648 DOI: 10.1002/path.2257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Pre-eclampsia is a leading cause of fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality that preferentially affects primiparous patients. It is associated with systemic inflammation and impaired trophoblast invasion of the decidua. Decidual cells are the major cell type of the pregnant endometrium. Macrophages and dendritic cells are major specialized antigen-presenting cells that promote both innate immunity and immune tolerance. Macrophage infiltration is implicated in impaired trophoblast invasion that leads to pre-eclampsia. By contrast, the potential modulating role of decidual dendritic cells in the genesis of pre-eclampsia has not been investigated. Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, has been implicated in the genesis of pre-eclampsia. Thus, we postulate that pre-eclampsia would be associated with enhanced decidual dendritic cells infiltration and that IL-1beta would enhance the production of relevant dendritic cell-recruiting chemokines. We used immunohistochemistry to demonstrate a marked infiltrate of immature and mature dendritic cells in pre-eclamptic decidua. Further, immunohistochemistry and immunoassays of placental bed biopsies revealed that pre-eclamptic decidua displays elevated levels of several monocyte- and dendritic cell-recruiting chemokines. Leukocyte-free first-trimester decidual cells were then treated with IL-1beta, which enhanced the mRNA and protein expression of these chemokines. The current study also confirmed previous reports that macrophages directly impaired trophoblast invasion and that this inhibitory effect is augmented by the conditioned medium of IL-1beta-treated first-trimester decidual cells. However, unlike macrophages, dendritic cells did not directly impede trophoblast invasion. This study demonstrates that the inflammatory milieu of pre-eclampsia induces decidual cells to promote dendritic cell infiltration. Given their unusual versatility in mediating both immunity and tolerance, these novel findings suggest that dendritic cells may play a critical role either in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia or its prevention in subsequent pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Huang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
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Lin JW, Tsai JT, Lin CM, Lee LM, Hung KS, Huang SJ, Hsiao SH, Chung WY, Tsai MD, Hsia CC, Hung CC, Chiu WT. Evaluation of optimal cerebral perfusion pressure in severe traumatic brain injury. Acta Neurochir Suppl 2008; 101:131-136. [PMID: 18642647 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-211-78205-7_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability. In the 2000 guidelines, one of the suggestions for TBI treatment was to maintain cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) < or = 70 mmHg. But in the 2003 guidelines, the suggestion was changed to < or = 60 mmHg. There have been some discrepancies of opinions about this recommendation in recent publications. In this study, we retrospectively reviewed 305 severe TBI (STBI) patients with Glasgow Coma Scales (GCS) < or = 8 between January 1, 2002 and March 31, 2003. The study group was stratified according to use or nonuse of intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring, ICP levels, ages, and GCS levels in order to test the correlation between CCP and the prognosis. The patients < 50-year-old, with higher GCS level, with ICP monitoring, and with ICP levels < 20 mmHg had lower mortality rates and better prognosis (GOS) (p < 0.05 or 0.001). The patients in the GCS 3-5 subgroup had a significantly lower mortality and better prognosis if the CPP value was maintained higher than 70 mmHg (p < 0.05) The optimal CPP maintained < or = 60 mmHg did not fit in all STBI patients. Our study concludes that it is critical to maintain CPP substantially higher in lower GCS level patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University-Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Whang LM, Yang YF, Huang SJ, Cheng SS. Microbial ecology and performance of nitrifying bacteria in an aerobic membrane bioreactor treating thin-film transistor liquid crystal display wastewater. Water Sci Technol 2008; 58:2365-2371. [PMID: 19092215 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2008.580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the long-term performance of an aerobic membrane bioreactor (MBR), treating TFT-LCD wastewater containing dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), monoethanolamine (MEA) and tetra-methyl ammonium hydroxide (TMAH), which are recognized as slow-biodegradable organic compounds containing nitrogen and can release significant amount of ammonia during biodegradation. Moreover, many studies have reported that certain organic compounds can potentially inhibit nitrification of AOB, but limited information is available regarding the effects of TFT-LCD wastewater compounds on nitrification performance and microbial ecology of nitrifying bacteria. In general, the aerobic MBR achieved satisfactory conversion efficiency for DMSO, MEA, TMAH, and ammonia, except that a sudden inhibition on MEA degradation was observed for a transition period when the influent feed switched from synthetic to real TFT-LCD wastewater. Furthermore, the terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) methodology was applied to monitor the microbial ecology of nitrifying bacteria in the aerobic MBR. The results suggested that Nm. marina or Nm. cummunis were the dominant AOB population in the aerobic MBR fed with synthetic TFT-LCD wastewater, while Nitrosospira became dominant in the aerobic MBR fed with real TFT-LCD wastewater. For the NOB population, both Nitrobacter and Nitrospira were present during this study. Finally, the results of batch experiments, which were conducted to evaluate the effects of DMSO, MEA, and TMAH on nitrification activity, indicated that MEA and TMAH became inhibitory to nitrifying bacteria at concentrations of 250 and 50 mg/L, respectively, while DMSO did not at concentrations up to 100 mg/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Whang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Chinese Taiwan.
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Wu YJ, Whang LM, Huang SJ, Yang YF, Lei CN, Cheng SS. Evaluation of performance and microbial ecology of sequencing batch reactor and membrane bioreactor treating thin-film transistor liquid crystal display wastewater. Water Sci Technol 2008; 58:1085-1093. [PMID: 18824808 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2008.464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In Taiwan, a substantial amount of thin-film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD) wastewater is produced daily due to an increasing production of the opto-electronic industry in recent years. The main components of TFT-LCD wastewater include dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), monoethanolamine (MEA), and tetra-methyl ammonium hydroxide (TMAH), which are recognized as non-or slow-biodegradable organic compounds and limited information is available regarding their biological treatablility. This study was conducted to evaluate the long-term performance of two bioreactors, anaerobic-aerobic (A/O) sequencing batch reactor (SBR) and aerobic membrane bioreactor (MBR), treating synthetic TFT-LCD wastewater containing DMSO, MEA, and TMAH with different loadings. For the A/O SBR, the influent wastewater was composed of 800 mg MEA/L, 430 mg DMSO/L, and 90 mg TMAH/L, respectively. After reaching steady-state, SBR was able to achieve more than 99% degradation efficiencies for the three compounds examined. For the case of aerobic MBR, the influent wastewater was composed of 550 mg MEA/L, 270 mg DMSO/L, and 330 mg TMAH/L, respectively, and degradation efficiencies for the three compounds achieved more than 99%. Although both different reactors shared similar and satisfactory degradation efficiencies for DMSO, MEA, and TMAH, the microbial ecology of these two reactors, as elucidated with molecular methods, was apparently different. The 16S rDNA-based cloning/sequencing results indicated that the dominant sequences retrieved from the aerobic MBR, including Hyphomicrobium denitrificans, Hyphomicrobium zavarzinii, Rhodobacter sp., and Methyloversatilis universalis, showed a clear linkage to their physiological properties of DMSO and TMAH degradation. On the other hand, Zoogloea sp., Chlorobium chlorochromatii, Agricultural soil bacterium, and Flavosolibacter ginsengiterrae were proliferated in the A/O SBR Run1, while Thiobacillus sp., Nitrosomonas sp., Thauera aromatica and Azoarcus sp. became dominant in Run2. Furthermore, the sequences retrieved from different reactors were used to establish the terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP) fingerprint methodology for monitoring the dynamics of dominant degrading bacteria in the aerobic MBR treating TFT-LCD wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Sustainable Environment Research Center (SERC), National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Chinese Taiwan
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Roth GA, Moser B, Huang SJ, Brandt JS, Huang Y, Papapanou PN, Schmidt AM, Lalla E. Infection with a periodontal pathogen induces procoagulant effects in human aortic endothelial cells. J Thromb Haemost 2006; 4:2256-61. [PMID: 16856978 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2006.02128.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple studies have demonstrated a link between periodontal infections and vascular disease. Porphyromonas gingivalis, a major periodontal pathogen, has been shown to adhere to and invade endothelial cells. OBJECTIVE In order to dissect mechanisms underlying these observations, we assessed the role of P. gingivalis infection in modulating properties of endothelial cells linked to atherothrombosis. METHODS Primary human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) were infected with either P. gingivalis 381 or its non-invasive fimbriae-deficient mutant, DPG3. Markers of coagulation and thrombosis were assessed 8 h and 18 h postinfection in cell lysates and supernatants. RESULTS Infection with P. gingivalis 381 significantly enhanced tissue factor expression and activity, and suppressed levels of tissue factor pathway inhibitor. Furthermore, P. gingivalis infection decreased levels and activity of tissue plasminogen activator, and enhanced plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 antigen and activity. Consistent with an important role for bacterial adhesion/invasion in this setting, infection with DPG3 failed to induce procoagulant properties in HAEC. Most of the above effects of P. gingivalis 381 were more apparent at the later time point (18 h postinfection). This suggests that P. gingivalis infection, rather than having an immediate and direct effect, might activate pathways that, in turn, trigger endothelial procoagulant mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS Taken together these data demonstrate for the first time that infection with a periodontal pathogen induces procoagulant responses in HAEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Roth
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Science, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Huang SJ, Schatz F, Masch R, Rahman M, Buchwalder L, Niven-Fairchild T, Tang C, Abrahams VM, Krikun G, Lockwood CJ. Regulation of chemokine production in response to pro-inflammatory cytokines in first trimester decidual cells. J Reprod Immunol 2006; 72:60-73. [PMID: 16806486 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2006.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2005] [Revised: 02/28/2006] [Accepted: 03/08/2006] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chemokines initiate the immune response by controlling leukocyte migration and lymphocyte development. Macrophage infiltration of the decidua has been implicated in the genesis of recurrent miscarriage and preeclampsia. Therefore, we determined whether cultured human decidual cells produce monocyte/macrophage-recruiting chemokines in response to a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), and whether decidual cell-conditioned medium contains monocyte- and macrophage-chemoattractant activity. METHODS Leukocyte-free first trimester decidual cells were treated for 6h with estradiol (E(2)) and medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) to mimic the steroidal milieu of pregnancy, or E(2) and MPA and IL-1beta (1 ng/ml) to mimic inflamed decidua. Total RNA was used for cDNA synthesis. Biotinylated cRNAs were generated and chemically fragmented for hybridization on Affymetrix HG_U133 Plus 2.0 chips followed by fluorescence labeling and optical scanning. Raw data generated from Affymetrix GCOS 1.2 (GeneChip Operating Software) were analyzed by GeneSpring 7.2 software. Subsequently microarray results were validated by real time RT-PCR and Western blotting. A functional study of monocyte migration was carried out also using conditioned media from culture. RESULTS Five chemokines responsible for monocyte/macrophage chemoattraction and activation, including C-C motif ligand 2 (CCL2), CCL5, C-X-C motif ligand 2 (CXCL2), CXCL3 and CXCL8, were markedly elevated from 29- to 975-fold after exposure to IL-1beta in cultured first trimester decidual cells. The results of real-time RT-PCR (up-regulation from 43- to 3069-fold) and Western blotting (up-regulation from 15- to 300-fold) confirmed the microarray findings. Monocyte migration was significantly induced by the conditioned medium from IL-1beta-treated decidual cells. CONCLUSIONS Treatment of first trimester decidual cells with IL-1beta induces secretion of monocyte/macrophage recruiting-chemokines and promotes monocyte migration. Extrapolation of these in vitro results to the milieu of implantation site suggests a mechanism whereby IL-1beta could mediate excessive macrophage infiltration of the decidua.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Huang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
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Abstract
A 64-year-old female patient was admitted to a general intensive care unit with sustained hypotension resulting from severe sepsis. Her admission plasma B-type natriuretic peptide was elevated (407 pg/ml), and echocardiogram displayed normal ventricular dimensions and function. The right ventricular end-diastolic diameter increased with acute fluid loading, and this coincided with a parallel increase in B-type natriuretic peptide. Subsequent fluid depletion was accompanied by a reduction in both right ventricular end-diastolic diameter and B-type natriuretic peptide. The present case indicates that acute fluid loading may alter plasma B-type natriuretic peptide levels, and highlights the importance of taking the clinical context into account when interpreting these levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Mclean
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University of Sydney (Nepean Campus), Penrith, New South Wales
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate productivity losses and financial costs to employers caused by cigarette smoking in the Taiwan workplace. METHODS The human capital approach was used to calculate lost productivity. Assuming the value of lost productivity was equal to the wage/salary rate and basing the calculations on smoking rate in the workforce, average days of absenteeism, average wage/salary rate, and increased risk and absenteeism among smokers obtained from earlier research, costs due to smoker absenteeism were estimated. Financial losses caused by passive smoking, smoking breaks, and occupational injuries were calculated. RESULTS Using a conservative estimate of excess absenteeism from work, male smokers took off an average of 4.36 sick days and male non-smokers took off an average of 3.30 sick days. Female smokers took off an average of 4.96 sick days and non-smoking females took off an average of 3.75 sick days. Excess absenteeism caused by employee smoking was estimated to cost USD 178 million per annum for males and USD 6 million for females at a total cost of USD 184 million per annum. The time men and women spent taking smoking breaks amounted to nine days per year and six days per year, respectively, resulting in reduced output productivity losses of USD 733 million. Increased sick leave costs due to passive smoking were approximately USD 81 million. Potential costs incurred from occupational injuries among smoking employees were estimated to be USD 34 million. CONCLUSIONS Financial costs caused by increased absenteeism and reduced productivity from employees who smoke are significant in Taiwan. Based on conservative estimates, total costs attributed to smoking in the workforce were approximately USD 1032 million.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Tsai
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, Houston, Texas, USA.
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Abstract
In mammals, the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway is one of the four major signalling systems that respond to stress and inflammatory stimuli. A full-length cDNA corresponding to Aedes aegypti MAP kinase kinase 3 (AaMEK3) was cloned and sequenced. It is 1.7 kb and contains an open reading frame of 334 amino acids and eleven conserved kinase domains, including signatures of a putative serine/threonine kinase active site and an ATP binding site. The messenger (mRNA) and protein expression levels of AaMEK3 are enhanced post bacterial inoculation. The in vitro kinase activity assay reveals that (1) AaMEK3 is not autophosphorylated but can phosphorylate myelin basic protein successfully, and (2) it is slightly enhanced by lipopolysaccharide stimulation. This suggests that AaMEK3 may be involved in mosquito immune signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Huang
- Department of Parasitology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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McLean AS, Tang B, Nalos M, Huang SJ, Stewart DE. Increased B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) level is a strong predictor for cardiac dysfunction in intensive care unit patients. Anaesth Intensive Care 2003; 31:21-7. [PMID: 12635390 DOI: 10.1177/0310057x0303100104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Patients admitted to an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) frequently have underlying cardiac dysfunction. Early interventions are sometimes difficult to initiate because of diagnostic uncertainty as to whether cardiac failure is present As B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) has been shown to be increased in cardiac dysfunction, we sought to demonstrate whether BNP can be used as a screening tool for cardiac dysfunction in patients admitted to ICU. All patients admitted to a combined medical and surgical ICU over a four-week period were included in the study. BNP was measured on the point of admission using a hand-held meter. Clinicians were blinded from the measurement when diagnoses were made as to whether or not the patients had clinically significant cardiac dysfunction. Patients with cardiac dysfunction had a significantly higher level of BNP when compared to the non-cardiac dysfunction group: 516 +/- 385 pg/ml (n = 26) v 67 +/- 89 pg/ml (n = 58) (P < 0.0001) A BNP cut-off value at 144 pg/ml exhibited a 92% sensitivity, 86% specificity and 96% negative predictive value. The sensitivity improved to 96% when the analysis was confined to patients > or = 55 years. At this cut-off value, BNP is a strong predictor of cardiac dysfunction. BNP measurement offers a rapid and affordable way to screen for cardiac dysfunction in patients admitted to ICU. An increased BNP level warrants further cardiac investigations so as to implement early interventions for cardiac decompensation in ICU patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S McLean
- Intensive Care Unit, Nepean Hospital, University of Sydney, PO Box 63, Penrith, N.S.W. 2750
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Mclean A, Huang S, Tang B, Nalos M. Crit Care 2003; 7:P056. [DOI: 10.1186/cc1945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Abstract
1. The cytotoxic effects of cardiotoxin (CTX) purified from Cobra venom were tested in endothelium-denuded rat aortic ring preparations in tissue organ baths and the effect of extracellular Ca2+ on the cytotoxic effect of CTX was investigated using a digital dynamic calcium imaging technique. 2. At 10 micromol/L, CTX induced a slowly developing and sustained contraction that amounted to approximately 50% of the maximal contraction induced by 80 mmol/L KCl. At high concentrations (> 15 micromol/L), CTX caused irreversible damage to the smooth muscle contractile function. However, washout of CTX at its peak contraction did not affect the subsequent contraction to either KCl or phenylephrine. 3. Contraction induced by CTX was dependent on the Ca2+ concentration in the external solution. A maximal contractile response to CTX was obtained in medium containing 1-2.5 mmol/L Ca2+. This contractile response induced by CTX decreased with higher Ca2+ concentrations and was completely diminished when 7 mmol/L Ca2+, 3 mmol/L Ni2+ or 30 micromol/L tetrandrine (a non-selective calcium channel blocker) was present in the external solution before addition of CTX to the bath. 4. The above observations were supported by the calcium imaging work performed with cultured aortic smooth muscle cells from Wistar-Kyoto rats, in which CTX was shown to induce the elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ in the presence, but not in the absence, of 2.5 mmol/L extracellular Ca2+. Increasing the extracellular Ca2+ concentration to 7 mmol/L, the addition of 3 mmol/L Ni2+ or inclusion of 30 micro mol/L tetrandrine inhibited the elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ induced by CTX. 5. These results suggest that: (i) a CTX-sensitive internal calcium store does not exist in rat aortic smooth muscle; (ii) the contractile effect CTX is associated with a Ca2+ influx process; and (iii) CTX interacts extracellularly with the plasma membrane at the level of the calcium channels, as well as anionic sites to which Ca2+ and other inorganic cations bind.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Kwan
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada.
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Abstract
In an effort to design cyclic anhydride copolymers that have biodegradable characteristics and are derived from renewable resources, the copolymerization of itaconic anhydride and methacrylate-terminated poly-(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) was studied. Polymers with anhydride concentrations from 85 to 15 mol% have been synthesized successfully with retention of the cyclic anhydride. Molecular weights range from 9000 to 70,000 with higher molecular weights for higher concentrations of PLLA macromonomer. High conversions are observed for samples containing 50% and less itaconic anhydride with a slight tendency for the polymer to be enriched in the monomer in smaller concentration. These copolymers show glass transition temperatures between 31 and 73 degrees C, increasing with increased itaconic anhydride content. No evidence of crystallinity from the PLLA is observed for these copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Wallach
- Polymers from Renewable Resources Research Center, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3136, USA
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Lee Y, Lin PC, Lai HY, Huang SJ, Lin YS, Cheng CR. Prevention of PONV with dexamethasone in female patients undergoing desflurane anesthesia for thyroidectomy. Acta Anaesthesiol Sin 2001; 39:151-6. [PMID: 11840580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Desflurane is associated with a higher incidence of 24-h postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) as compared with sevoflurane or isoflurane. Dexamethasone 5 mg i.v. is suggested to be the minimum effective dose for prophylaxis of PONV in women undergoing thyroidectomy with isoflurane anesthesia. The objective of this study was to investigate whether a 5 mg dose of dexamethasone could be enough for, or a larger dose at 8 mg, could be more capable of preventing PONV in women undergoing desflurane anesthesia for thyroidectomy. METHODS One hundred and thirty five patients were assigned to receive one of three treatment regimens prior to induction i.e., dexamethasone 8 mg i.v. (Group D8), dexamethesone 5 mg i.v. (Group D5) or saline (Group S). RESULTS It was demonstrated that the prophylactic administration of either dexamethasone 8 mg or 5 mg significantly reduced the overall incidence of PONV in patients undergoing thyroidectomy with desflurane anesthesia (P < 0.001, Group D8 vs. Group S; Group D5 vs. Group S). However, patients who received dexamethasone 8 mg showed a higher incidence of complete responses (no vomiting or need of rescue antiemetic medication for a 24-h postoperative period) in comparison with those receiving dexamethasone 5 mg (86% vs. 67%; P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study showed that in PONV prophylaxis, in female patients undergoing desflurane anesthesia for thyroidectomy, the effect of dexamethasone 8 mg was superior to that of dexamethasone 5 mg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, No 707, Section 3, Chung Yang Road, Hualien, Taiwan, R.O.C.
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Cui MG, Xu BY, Huang SJ. [Quantitative study on tongue diagnosis in stroke patients]. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 2001; 21:670-3. [PMID: 12575554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the tongue proper and tongue fur quantitatively in stroke patients. METHODS Three hundred and seventy-eight stroke patients were studied by means of TCM Glossoscopy Expert System, the techniques of color digitized image processing and pattern recognition were applied to objectively study the changes of tongue proper and tongue fur. RESULTS Dark-red tongue was the commonest tongue proper, which revealed in 128 cases (33.86%) in the 378 patients investigated. There was significant difference of red (R), green (G) and blue (B) values in dark-red tongue as compared with those in pale-purple tongue, pale-white tongue, pale-red tongue, deep red tongue, purple-red tongue and blue-purple tongue (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Thick and yellow greasy fur was the commonest in 214 cases of acute stage, it accounted for 30.84% and with a total of 66 cases. There was also significant difference in R/G and R/B values among different types of tongue fur (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION This quantitative study on stroke patients regarding to tongue proper and tongue fur by means of TCM Glossoscopy Expert System provides a base for standardization and quantification of diagnosis of stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Cui
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091
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Abstract
We report on a 4-year-old boy adopted from Paraguay who presented with an acute onset of thigh pain. Initial clinical, imaging, and histopathologic findings suggested florid osteomyelitis. However, the development of pancytopenia on intravenous antibiotics prompted further investigation and the ultimate diagnosis of Gaucher disease. In retrospect, characteristic changes on conventional radiographic and MR images, as well as growth of a contaminant organism, pointed to the diagnosis of pseudo-osteomyelitis rather than osteomyelitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Weisstein
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, 94115-1652, USA
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Lee Y, Huang SJ, Lin PC, Lai HY, Pan MH. Low dose fentanyl and propofol improve the speed and quality of tidal-breathing induction techniques in sevoflurane anesthesia for adults. Acta Anaesthesiol Sin 2001; 39:83-8. [PMID: 11475180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to investigate whether low dose fentanyl, with or without low dose propofol, as pretreatment agent/s is capable of speeding up and improving the quality of laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion in tidal-breathing induction technique with high-concentration sevoflurane. METHODS One hundred and twenty patients were assigned to one of the three groups: Group S, induction with 8% sevoflurane only; Group F + S, 1.0 microgram/kg fentanyl prior to induction; and Group F + P + S, 1.0 microgram/kg fentanyl and 0.5 mg/kg propofol prior to induction. RESULTS It was demonstrated that the time from administration of drug (drugs) to loss of eyelash reflex (P < 0.05, Group F + P + S vs. F + S; P < 0.01, Group F + P + S vs. S), to jaw relaxation (P < 0.05, Group F + P + S vs. S) and time taken for LMA insertion (P < 0.01, Group F + P + S vs. S) were all shorter in Group F + P + S, with fewer complications (coughing and involuntary movement) during induction, however, the first time success rate with LMA insertion did not significantly differ among the comparing groups. According to a postoperative inquiry (by questionnaire), there were significantly more patients in the Group F + P + S (57.5%) who considered the induction as pleasant (P < 0.05), of whom 75% expressed that they would be willing to undergo an induction of the same form again in the future (P < 0.05). This more positive rating may be related to the mild sedative effects of the agents given and shorter induction time, which significantly helped reduce the rate of recall of the unpleasant gas. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study of LMA insertion, for ASA I or II adult patients undergoing the tidal-breathing technique with 8% sevoflurane, suggest that pretreatment with 1 microgram/kg fentanyl plus 0.5 mg/kg propofol is superior in comparison with either pretreatment with 1 microgram/kg fentanyl or absence of pretreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, No 707, Section 3, Chung Yang Rd., Hualien, Taiwan, R.O.C.
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Yang CY, Hsu JC, Lin CM, Huang SJ, Chung HS, Shyr MH. Hemodynamic responses of thiopental and propofol in different-aged patients during endotracheal intubation. Chang Gung Med J 2001; 24:376-82. [PMID: 11512369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thiopental and propofol are 2 popularly used anesthetic induction agents that have different pharmacological and pharmacokinetic actions. It is not clear how the hemodynamic responses differ in different-aged patients using these 2 drugs for anesthetic induction. The aim of this study was to investigate the hemodynamic responses to propofol and thiopental of different-aged patients during endotracheal intubation. METHODS Sixty patients, 20 to 83 years old, were included in this study. Patients were randomly divided into 6 groups according to age and different inductive anesthetics. Non-invasive blood pressure (NIBP) monitoring was performed every minute before anesthesia, during anesthetic induction with 5 mg.kg-1 thiopental or 2 mg.kg-1 propofol intravenously, and after intubation. RESULTS Propofol induction produced a smaller mean arterial pressure increase immediately after intubation than did thiopental induction in adult and elderly groups (101.0 +/- 18.5 and 104.0 +/- 21.1 mmHg in the propofol groups vs. 138.3 +/- 17.1 and 138.9 +/- 16.1 mmHg in the thiopental groups at 1 minute after intubation, p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). Differences in heart rate between propofol and thiopental groups were found in young and adult groups (85.1 +/- 9.2 and 81.7 +/- 10.9 in the propofol groups vs. 94.5 +/- 9.9 and 95.0 +/- 14.0 beats per minute in the thiopental groups at 1 minute after intubation, p = 0.041 and p = 0.029, respectively). CONCLUSION Propofol induction produced more stable hemodynamics after intubation in adult and elderly patients than did thiopental induction. Therefore, it is safer to use propofol for induction and intubation in adult and elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5, Fu-Shin Street, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C
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