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Wang F, Li X, Jiang S, Han J, Wu J, Yan M, Yao Z. Enantioselective Behaviors of Chiral Pesticides and Enantiomeric Signatures in Foods and the Environment. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:12372-12389. [PMID: 37565661 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Unreasonable application of pesticides may result in residues in the environment and foods. Chiral pesticides consist of two or more enantiomers, which may exhibit different behaviors. This Review intends to provide progress on the enantioselective residues of chiral pesticides in foods. Among the main chiral analytical methods, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is the most frequently utilized. Most chiral pesticides are utilized as racemates; however, due to enantioselective dissipation, bioaccumulation, biodegradation, and chiral conversion, enantiospecific residues have been found in the environment and foods. Some chiral pesticides exhibit strong enantioselectivity, highlighting the importance of evaluation on an enantiomeric level. However, the occurrence characteristics of chiral pesticides in foods and specific enzymes or transport proteins involved in enantioselectivity needs to be further investigated. This Review could help the production of some chiral pesticides to single-enantiomer formulations, thereby reducing pesticide consumption as well as increasing food production and finally reducing human health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xiaoyun Li
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Shanxue Jiang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jiajun Han
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Junxue Wu
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Meilin Yan
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Zhiliang Yao
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
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2
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Peng W, Wang T, Liang XR, Yang YS, Wang QZ, Cheng HF, Peng YK, Ding F. Characterizing the potentially neuronal acetylcholinesterase reactivity toward chiral pyraclofos: Enantioselective insights from spectroscopy, in silico docking, molecular dynamics simulation and per-residue energy decomposition studies. J Mol Graph Model 2021; 110:108069. [PMID: 34773872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2021.108069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Chiral organophosphorus agents are distributed ubiquitously in the environment, but the neuroactivity of these asymmetric chemicals to humans remains uncertain. This scenario was to explore the stereoselective neurobiological response of human acetylcholinesterase (AChE) to chiral pyraclofos at the enantiomeric scale, and then decipher the microscopic basis of enantioselective neurotoxicity of pyraclofos enantiomers. The results indicated that (R)-/(S)-pyraclofos can form the bioconjugates with AChE with a stoichiometric ratio of 1:1, but the neuronal affinity of (R)-pyraclofos (K = 6.31 × 104 M-1) with AChE was larger than that of (S)-pyraclofos (K = 1.86 × 104 M-1), and significant enantioselectivity was existed in the biochemical reaction. The modes of neurobiological action revealed that pyraclofos enantiomers were situated at the substrate binding domain, and the strength of the overall noncovalent bonds between (S)-pyraclofos and the residues was weaker than that of (R)-pyraclofos, resulting in the high inhibitory effect of (R)-pyraclofos toward the activity of AChE. Dynamic enantioselective biointeractions illustrated that the intervention of inherent conformational flexibility in the AChE-(R)-pyraclofos was greater than that of the AChE-(S)-pyraclofos, which arises from the big spatial displacement and the conformational flip of the binding domain composed of the residues Thr-64~Asn-89, Gly-122~Asp-134, and Thr-436~Tyr-449. Energy decomposition exhibited that the Gibbs free energies of the AChE-(R)-/(S)-pyraclofos were ΔG° = -37.4/-30.2 kJ mol-1, respectively, and the disparity comes from the electrostatic energy during the stereoselective neurochemical reactions. Quantitative conformational analysis further confirmed the atomic-scale computational chemistry conclusions, and the perturbation of (S)-pyraclofos on the AChE's ordered conformation was lower than that of (R)-pyraclofos, which is germane to the interaction energies of the crucial residues, e.g. Tyr-124, Tyr-337, Asp-74, Trp-86, and Tyr-119. Evidently, this attempt will contribute mechanistic information to uncovering the neurobiological effects of chiral organophosphates on the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Peng
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Tao Wang
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Xiang-Rong Liang
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Yu-Sen Yang
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Qi-Zhao Wang
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Hong-Fei Cheng
- School of Earth Science and Resources, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Yu-Kui Peng
- Xining Center for Agricultural Product Quality and Safety Testing, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Fei Ding
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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3
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Jiménez-Jiménez S, Casado N, García MÁ, Marina ML. Enantiomeric analysis of pyrethroids and organophosphorus insecticides. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1605:360345. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.06.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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4
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Jia G, Xu J, Long X, Ge S, Chen L, Hu D, Zhang Y. Enantioselective Degradation and Chiral Stability of Glufosinate in Soil and Water Samples and Formation of 3-Methylphosphinicopropionic Acid and N-Acetyl-glufosinate Metabolites. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:11312-11321. [PMID: 31557019 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Two enantiomers of glufosinate were separated under reverse-phase conditions on a chiral crown stationary phase (CROWNPAK CR(+)). An efficient and reliable chiral analytical method was developed to determine the glufosinate enantiomers and two metabolites in soil and water samples using high-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-HRMS). The linearities of the matrix-matched calibration curves in five water and four soil samples were good with a correlation coefficient R2 > 0.998, and the mean recoveries were 85.2-100.4%, with relative standard deviations of 1.0-7.1%. l-Glufosinate was degraded faster than d-glufosinate in four nonsterile natural soil and two nonsterile natural water samples. The degradation half-lives of the enantiomers ranged from 3.4 to 33.0 days in the soil samples, but glufosinate was stable in the five water samples, less than 22% of the applied substance degraded at the end of the experiment (100 days). Degradation in sterile soil was not enantioselective. The two enantiomers were configurationally stable in the four soil and five water samples. In most cases of glufosinate degradation in soils, the percentage of 3-methylphosphinicopropionic in relation to the parent was higher than that of N-acetyl-glufosinate. l-Glufosinate was preferentially degraded in the four soils, and formation of 3-methylphosphinicopropionic acid and N-acetyl-glufosinate was enantiomer dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guifei Jia
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering/Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education , Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025 , China
| | - Jin Xu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering/Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education , Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025 , China
| | - Xiaofang Long
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering/Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education , Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025 , China
| | - ShiJia Ge
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering/Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education , Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025 , China
| | - Lingzhu Chen
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering/Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education , Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025 , China
| | - Deyu Hu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering/Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education , Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025 , China
| | - Yuping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering/Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education , Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025 , China
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Huang J, Chen D, Cheng X, Liu G, Wang G, Jiang J. Enantioselective Catabolism of Napropamide Chiral Enantiomers in Sphingobium sp. A1 and B2. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:6819-6827. [PMID: 31135148 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Napropamide [ N, N-diethyl-2-(1-naphthalenyloxy)propenamide, NAP] is a highly efficient and broad-spectrum amide herbicide. Little is known about the bacterial catabolism of its different enantiomers. Here, we report the isolation of two NAP-degrading strains of Sphingobium sp., A1 and B2, and the different catabolic pathways of different enantiomers in these two strains. Strain A1 dioxygenated NAP at different positions of the naphthalene ring of different enantiomers, leading to the complete degradation of R-NAP while producing a dead-end product from S-NAP. Strain B2 cleaved the amido bonds of both enantiomers, but only the product from S-NAP could be further transformed to form α-naphthol and mineralize in strain B2. The degradation rates of R-NAP and S-NAP in the combination degradation by strains A1 and B2 were 24.8 and 7.5 times that in the single-strain degradation by strain B2 or A1, respectively, showing enhanced synergistic catabolism between strains A1 and B2. This study provides new insights into the enantioselective catabolic network of the chiral herbicide NAP in microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jiandong Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste Utilization , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210095 , People's Republic of China
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6
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Gao XF, Nie J, Ouyang XK, Wang YG, Wu WJ. Enantioseparation and enantioselective behavior of trichlorfon enantiomers in sediments. Chirality 2017; 29:140-146. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.22686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Gao
- School of Food and Pharmacy; Zhejiang Ocean University; Zhoushan P. R China
| | - Jing Nie
- School of Food and Pharmacy; Zhejiang Ocean University; Zhoushan P. R China
| | - Xiao-Kun Ouyang
- School of Food and Pharmacy; Zhejiang Ocean University; Zhoushan P. R China
| | - Yang-Guang Wang
- School of Food and Pharmacy; Zhejiang Ocean University; Zhoushan P. R China
| | - Wei-Jian Wu
- School of Food and Pharmacy; Zhejiang Ocean University; Zhoushan P. R China
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Wang YF, Gao XF, Jin HX, Wang YG, Wu WJ, Ouyang XK. Validation of a Chiral Liquid Chromatographic Method for the Degradation Behavior of Flumequine Enantiomers in Mariculture Pond Water. Chirality 2016; 28:649-55. [PMID: 27483447 DOI: 10.1002/chir.22625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In this work, flumequine (FLU) enantiomers were separated using a Chiralpak OD-H column, with n-hexane-ethanol (20:80, v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min. Solid phase extraction (SPE) was used for cleanup and enrichment. The limit of detection, limit of quantitation, linearity, precision, and intra/interday variation of the chiral high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method were determined. The developed method was then applied to investigate the degradation behavior of FLU enantiomers in mariculture pond water samples. The results showed that the degradation of FLU enantiomers under natural, sterile, or dark conditions was not enantioselective. Chirality 28:649-655, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Fei Wang
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Feng Gao
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, P.R. China
| | - Huo-Xi Jin
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, P.R. China
| | - Yang-Guang Wang
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Jian Wu
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Kun Ouyang
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, P.R. China
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8
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Lin C, Miao Y, Qian M, Wang Q, Zhang H. Enantioselective Metabolism of Flufiprole in Rat and Human Liver Microsomes. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:2371-2376. [PMID: 26938045 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b05853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The enantioselective metabolism of flufiprole in rat and human liver microsomes in vitro was investigated in this study. The separation and determination were performed using a liquid chromatography system equipped with a triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer and a Lux Cellulose-2 chiral column. The enantioselective metabolism of rac-flufiprole was dramatically different in rat and human liver microsomes in the presence of the β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate regenerating system. The half-lives (t1/2) of flufiprole in rat and human liver microsomes were 7.22 and 21.00 min, respectively, for R-(+)-flufiprole, whereas the values were 11.75 and 17.75 min, respectively, for S-(-)-flufiprole. In addition, the Vmax of R-(+)-flufiprole was about 3-fold that of S-(-)-flufiprole in rat liver microsomes, whereas its value in the case of S-(-)-flufiprole was about 2-fold that of R-(+)-flufiprole in human liver microsomes. The CLint of rac-flufiprole also showed opposite enantioselectivy in rat and human liver microsomes. The different compositions and contents of metabolizing enzyme in the two liver microsomes might be the reasons for the difference in the metabolic behavior of the two enantiomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmian Lin
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yelong Miao
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Mingrong Qian
- Institute of Quality and Standard for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Institute of Quality and Standard for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Hu Zhang
- Institute of Quality and Standard for Agricultural Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310021, China
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Chen X, Dong F, Xu J, Liu X, Chen Z, Liu N, Zheng Y. Enantioseparation and determination of isofenphos-methyl enantiomers in wheat, corn, peanut and soil with Supercritical fluid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometric method. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1015-1016:13-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2015] [Revised: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Nie J, Yang LY, OuYang XK, Wu WJ, Wang YG, Yu D. Investigation into the enantiospecific behavior of trichlorfon enantiomers during microorganism degradation. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra17702b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Degradation of TF enantiomers and generation of dichlorvos in fish at different storage temperatures. (a) Fish was stored at 18 °C, and (b) fish was stored at 25 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Nie
- School of Food and Pharmacy
- Zhejiang Ocean University
- Zhoushan 316022
- P.R. China
| | - Li-Ye Yang
- School of Food and Pharmacy
- Zhejiang Ocean University
- Zhoushan 316022
- P.R. China
| | - Xiao-kun OuYang
- Key Laboratory of Health Risk Factors for Seafood of Zhejiang Province
- Zhejiang Ocean University
- Zhoushan 316022
- P.R. China
- School of Food and Pharmacy
| | - Wei-Jian Wu
- School of Food and Pharmacy
- Zhejiang Ocean University
- Zhoushan 316022
- P.R. China
| | - Yang-Guang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Health Risk Factors for Seafood of Zhejiang Province
- Zhejiang Ocean University
- Zhoushan 316022
- P.R. China
- School of Food and Pharmacy
| | - Di Yu
- School of Food and Pharmacy
- Zhejiang Ocean University
- Zhoushan 316022
- P.R. China
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Zhang Q, Zhou L, Yang Y, Hua X, Shi H, Wang M. Study on the stereoselective degradation of three triazole fungicides in sediment. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 117:1-6. [PMID: 25814463 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Revised: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The stereoselective degradation behaviors of chiral triazole fungicides (hexaconazole, flutriafol and tebuconazole) in sediment were investigated under laboratory conditions. The enantiomers were completely separated by high-performance liquid chromatography on a cellulose tris(3-chloro-4-methylphenylcarbamate) (Lux Cellulose-2) column. The mean recoveries of hexaconazole, flutriafol and tebuconazole in sediment ranged from 86.7% to 105.9%. The methods were successfully applied for the enantioselective degradation analysis of fungicides in sediment. The results showed that the dissipation of hexaconazole, flutriafol and tebuconazole stereoisomers in sediment followed first-order kinetics (R(2)>0.95). The degradation rate of the enantiomers was different in sediment, and the (-)-enantiomer (t(1/2) was 86 days for hexaconazole, 139 for flutriafol and 136 for tebuconazole) degraded faster than the (+)-enantiomer (t(1/2) was 94 days for hexaconazole, 144 for flutriafol and 151 for tebuconazole) in native condition. The fungicides were degraded slowly, and no significant enantioselective degradation were observed under sterilized conditions. The results may hold promising implications for the environmental and ecological risk assessment of three important chiral triazole fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Liangliang Zhou
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Xiude Hua
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Haiyan Shi
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Minghua Wang
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
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12
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Zhuang S, Zhang Z, Zhang W, Bao L, Xu C, Zhang H. Enantioselective developmental toxicity and immunotoxicity of pyraclofos toward zebrafish (Danio rerio). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 159:119-126. [PMID: 25540855 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Pyraclofos, a relatively new organophosphorus pesticide, has shown potential ecotoxicities, however, its aquatic toxicity, especially enantioselective aquatic toxicity, remains largely unknown. Using zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a preeminent vertebrate aquatic model, the enantioselective differences in the developmental toxicity and immunotoxicity of pyraclofos were evaluated. Following 96-h exposure, pyraclofos enantiomers exhibited acute toxicity and showed lethal concentration 50 of 2.23 and 3.99 mg/L for (R)-Pyraclofos and (S)-Pyraclofos, respectively. Exposure to pyraclofos caused time- and concentration-dependent malformations such as pericardial edema, yolk sac edema, crooked bodies and hatching during the embryonic development, with markedly higher percentages of malformation at higher concentrations. The concentration-dependent immunotoxicity to zebrafish embryo exposed to low level pyraclofos was induced with significant up-regulation of mRNA levels of immune-related interleukin-1β (IL-1β) gene. (R)-Pyraclofos was consistently more toxic than (S)-Pyraclofos for the acute toxicity, developmental toxicity and immunotoxicity to zebrafish. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that at the atomic level, (R)-Pyraclofos binds more potently to IL-1β protein than (S)-Pyraclofos. This enantioselective binding is mainly contributed by the distinct binding mode of pyraclofos enantiomers and their electrostatic interactions with IL-1β, which potentially affects IL-1β-dependent proinflammatory signal transduction. Our in vitro and in silico studies provided a better insight into the molecular basis for aquatic toxicity and thus improved the risk assessment for pyraclofos and other chiral organophosphorus pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulin Zhuang
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
| | - Zhisheng Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Lingling Bao
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Chao Xu
- Research Center of Environmental Science, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China.
| | - Hu Zhang
- Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 210021, PR China
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Xu M, Qian M, Zhang H, Ma J, Wang J, Wu H. Simultaneous determination of florfenicol with its metabolite based on modified quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe sample pretreatment and evaluation of their degradation behavior in agricultural soils. J Sep Sci 2014; 38:211-7. [PMID: 25395188 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A simple and simultaneous method for the determination of florfenicol and its metabolite florfenicol amine in agricultural soils using modified quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe sample pretreatment and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry is presented. Florfenicol and its metabolite florfenicol amine residues in agricultural soils were extracted with alkalized acetonitrile and an aliquot was cleaned up with Si(CH2)3NH(CH2)2NH2 and C18 sorbent, which were powder materials. High-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry was applied to simultaneously determine the level of florfenicol and florfenicol amine in agricultural soils. Excellent linearity was achieved for florfenicol and florfenicol amine over a range of concentrations from 0.1-500 μg/L with coefficients more than 0.99. Average recoveries at four different levels (0.005, 0.05, 0.5, and 5.0 mg/kg) for florfenicol and florfenicol amine ranged from 73.6-94.9% with relative standard deviations of 2.9-12.5%. The limits of detection for florfenicol and florfenicol amine in agricultural soils were 2.0 μg/kg, and the limits of quantification were 6.0 μg/kg. Based on this method, the degradation behavior of florfenicol and its metabolite florfenicol amine in three soils (Nanchang, Hangzhou, and Changchun) under sterilized and native conditions was investigated and the transformation rate of florfenicol amine from florfenicol was evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfei Xu
- Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences; State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, MOA Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou, China
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Zhang YP, Hu DY, Ling HR, Zhong L, Huang AX, Zhang KK, Song BA. Comparative study of the selective degradations of two enantiomers in the racemate and an enriched concentration of indoxacarb in soils. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:9066-9072. [PMID: 25134952 DOI: 10.1021/jf5018803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, selective degradations of the two enantiomers of indoxacarb in the concentrate (2.33S/1R) and racemate (1S/1R) are examined. The absolute configurations of indoxacarb enantiomers were determined using X-ray diffraction. The results showed that in two alkaline soils, the S-(+)-indoxacarb was preferentially degraded in both the concentrate and racemate. In one acid soil, the two enantiomers degraded no-selectivity. In another acid soil and one neutral soil, the R-(-)-indoxacarb was preferentially degraded in both the concentrate and racemate. Indoxacarb enantiomers were configurationally stable in the five soils, and no interconversion was observed during the incubation. Because no significant difference in degradation was observed after samples were sterilized, the observed enantioselectivity may be attributed primarily to microbial activity in soils. The results indicate that the selective degradation behavior was the same for both formulations that were tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University , Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, PR China
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15
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Zhang KK, Hu DY, Zhu HJ, Yang JC, Song BA. Enantioselective degradation of dufulin in four types of soil. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:1771-1776. [PMID: 24511906 DOI: 10.1021/jf404130d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, enantioselective degradation of dufulin in four types of soil (Guiyang silty loam, Nanning silty clay, Hefei silty clay, and Harbin silty clay) was investigated under sterile and nonsterile conditions. Pesticide residues in soil samples were extracted with acetonitrile. S-(+)-Dufulin and R-(-)-dufulin were separated and determined on an amylose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) (Chiralpak IA) chiral column by normal phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The absolute configurations of dufulin enantiomers were determined by obtaining experimental and computed circular dichroism spectra. Dufulin enantiomers were found to be configurationally stable in the selected soils, and no interconversion was observed during the incubation of enantiopure S-(+)- or R-(-)-dufulin under nonsterile conditions. Compared to the half-life (t1/2) of dufulin in sterile soils, the degradation rate was higher in nonsterile soils, which suggests that dufulin degradation can be attributed primarily to microbial activity in soils used for agricultural cultivation. Furthermore, enantiopure S-(+)-dufulin degraded more rapidly than its antipode. This suggests that use of enantiopure S-(+)-dufulin could exert less disturbance to soil bioactivity and contribute less to environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan-Kan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
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16
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Zhang H, Wang X, Zhuang S, Jin N, Wang X, Qian M, Xu H, Qi P, Wang Q, Wang M. Enantioselective analysis and degradation studies of isocarbophos in soils by chiral liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:10188-10195. [PMID: 23009639 DOI: 10.1021/jf302620s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
An enantioselective method is presented for the determination of isocarbophos in soil by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. The pesticide residues in soil samples were extracted with acetonitrile, and complete enantioseparation was obtained on an amylose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) chiral column using acetonitrile/2 mM ammonium acetate solution containing 0.1% formic acid (60:40, v/v) as the mobile phase. The absolute configuration of isocarbophos enantiomers was determined by the combination of experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism spectra. The method was utilized to investigate the degradation of isocarbophos in soils (Changchun, Hangzhou, and Zhengzhou) under sterilized or native conditions. Isocarbophos enantiomers were configurationally stable in the selected soils, and the pesticide degradation was not enantioselective in the sterilized condition. The degradation behavior of rac-isocarbophos was different under native conditions, with no enantioselectivity in the Changchun soil and with the S-(+)-isocarbophos enriched in the Hangzhou and Zhengzhou soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Zhang
- Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
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Enantioselective separation and simultaneous determination of fenarimol and nuarimol in fruits, vegetables, and soil by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 404:1983-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6325-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2012] [Revised: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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