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Wang X, Ren Y, Li S, Guo C, Gao Z. Development of a polyphenol-enriched whole kiwifruit dietary supplement and its potential in ameliorating hyperlipidemia. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:2142-2155. [PMID: 37926484 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kiwifruit pomace, which contains abundant phenolic compounds, is typically discarded during the juicing process, leading to wastage of valuable resources. To address this issue, various indicators (including total acidity, sugar/acid ratio, vitamin C, total polyphenols, polyphenol monomers, and soluble solids content) of 15 kiwifruit cultivars were evaluated and juiced. Then, a polyphenol-concentrated solution from kiwifruit pomace was backfilled into kiwi juice to prepare whole nutritious compound kiwi juice, and its anti-hyperlipidemic activity on obese model mice was then investigated. RESULTS Through grey relational analysis and the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS), Kuimi and Huayou were identified as the predominant varieties for juicing, with weighted relevance scores of 0.695 and 0.871 respectively and TOPSIS scores of 0.6509 and 0.8220 respectively. The polyphenol content of Cuixiang pomace was 43.97 mg g-1 , making it the most suitable choice for polyphenol extraction. By backfilling a polyphenol-concentrated solution derived from Cuixiang pomace into compound kiwi juice of Huayou and Kuimi, the whole nutritious compound kiwi juice with polyphenols was produced and exhibited superior bioactivities, including enhanced hepatic oxidative stress defense, and alleviated serum lipid abnormalities. Furthermore, whole nutritious compound kiwi juice with polyphenols ameliorated host intestinal microbiota dysbiosis by increasing the relative abundance of the phyla Bacteroidota and Verrucomicrobiota. CONCLUSION A hypolipidemic dietary supplement based on kiwifruit pomace polyphenols has been successfully developed, providing an effective solution for hyperlipidemia intervention. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingnan Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaopeng Ren
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiqi Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunfeng Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenpeng Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People's Republic of China
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Dutta SK, Layek J, Yadav A, Das SK, Rymbai H, Mandal S, Sahana N, Bhutia T, Devi E, Patel V, Laha R, Mishra V. Improvement of rooting and growth in kiwifruit ( Actinidia deliciosa) cuttings with organic biostimulants. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17815. [PMID: 37455949 PMCID: PMC10339021 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Seaweed extracts have shown profoundly positive effects on crop growth, quality and reproduction in diverse agricultural and horticultural crops. Seaweed extracts can be used to promote the rooting and growth of cuttings in perennial fruit species like kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa). In this study, the cuttings were treated with 1, 5, 10 and 50% solutions of G Sap (Gracilaria edulis), K Sap (Kappaphycus alvarezii), AN (Ascophyllum nodosum), EM (Ecklonia maxima), HA (Humic acid) and control (water) for 6 h as base dipping. Subsequently, the treatments of G Sap, K Sap, AN, EM, HA and control were repeated every 15 days for a period of six months as application of 50 ml solutions in the potted cuttings. All the treatments exhibited significant effects on the rooting percent in all the kiwifruit cultivars, namely 'Monty', 'Abott', 'Hayward', 'Allison' and 'Bruno' (P ≤ 0.01) as compared to the control. Shoot and root growth parameters including leaf number per cutting, number of roots per cutting, number of branches, plant height, shoot diameter, root length, root diameter and root weight were all positively increased with the application of seaweed extracts (P ≤ 0.05). Cuttings treated with seaweed extract exhibited significantly higher levels of pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total carotenoids), metabolites (total carbohydrates and soluble phenols) and less electrolyte leakage as compared to the control cuttings. Significant positive and negative correlations were observed between biochemical parameters combined with plant nutrient concentration. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that PC1 and PC2 (first two principal components) accounted for 75% of the entire variation. While, PC1 accounted for 63% of the total variation, PC2 accounted for 11% of the total variation. The leaves and the roots of kiwifruit cultivar 'Hayward' treated with G Sap at 10%, K Sap at 10%, AN at 10%, EM at 10%, HA at 10% exhibited higher expression of all four root promoting candidate genes (GH3-3, LBD16, LBD29 and LRP1) compared to the control. Therefore, it can be concluded that, seaweed extract and humic acid can be used as a suitable alternative to synthetic hormones for promoting the rooting and growth of kiwifruit cuttings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudip Kumar Dutta
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Sikkim Centre, Gangtok, Sikkim, 737 102, India
| | - Jayanta Layek
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, 793 103, India
| | - Ashish Yadav
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Sikkim Centre, Gangtok, Sikkim, 737 102, India
| | - Shaon Kumar Das
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Sikkim Centre, Gangtok, Sikkim, 737 102, India
| | - Heiplanmi Rymbai
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, 793 103, India
| | - Somnath Mandal
- Department of Biochemistry, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, 736165, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India
| | - Nandita Sahana
- Department of Biochemistry, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, 736165, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India
| | - T.L. Bhutia
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Sikkim Centre, Gangtok, Sikkim, 737 102, India
| | - E.L. Devi
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Sikkim Centre, Gangtok, Sikkim, 737 102, India
| | - V.B. Patel
- Horticultural Science Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, KAB II, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Ramgopal Laha
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Sikkim Centre, Gangtok, Sikkim, 737 102, India
| | - V.K. Mishra
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, 793 103, India
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Shan T, Zhang X, Guo C, Guo S, Zhao X, Yuan Y, Yue T. Identity, Synthesis, and Cytotoxicity of Forchlorfenuron Metabolites in Kiwifruit. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:9529-9535. [PMID: 34382788 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c02492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Forchlorfenuron (CPPU) is a plant growth regulator widely used in kiwifruit production. Although research on the toxicological and environmental effects of CPPU is well-established, the nature and toxicological properties of its metabolites are much less well-known. Using high resolution mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance, the CPPU previously unidentified metabolites in Xuxiang and Jinyan kiwifruit were identified as N-(2-chloro-4-pyridinyl)-N'-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-urea (metabolite 1) and N-phenyl-N'-4-pyridinylurea (metabolite 2, CAS: 1932-35-0). Their structures were confirmed by synthesis (metabolite 1) and by comparison with a commercial standard (metabolite 2). Quantitative studies demonstrate that CPPU and its metabolites are mainly retained in the kiwifruit peel, while the content is dependent on the nature of the peel surface, with the smoother peel of Jinyan kiwifruit retaining smaller amounts of the compound. Cell viability experiments in Caco2 and Lo2 cells show that the metabolites may have a lower cytotoxicity compared to the parent compound CPPU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Shan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Agriculture Integration Test (Yangling), Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Agriculture Integration Test (Yangling), Yangling 712100, China
| | - Chunfeng Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Agriculture Integration Test (Yangling), Yangling 712100, China
| | - Shihuan Guo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xian 710000, China
| | - Xubo Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Agriculture Integration Test (Yangling), Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yahong Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Agriculture Integration Test (Yangling), Yangling 712100, China
| | - Tianli Yue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Agriculture Integration Test (Yangling), Yangling 712100, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xian 710000, China
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4
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Molaei E, Molaei A, Abedi F, Hayes AW, Karimi G. Nephroprotective activity of natural products against chemical toxicants: The role of Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:3362-3384. [PMID: 34136201 PMCID: PMC8194945 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nephropathy can occur following exposure of the kidneys to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is the result of reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation due to intracellular catabolism or exogenous toxicant exposure. Many natural products (NPs) with antioxidant properties have been used to demonstrate that oxidative damage-induced nephrotoxicity can be ameliorated or at least reduced through stimulation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway. Nrf2 is a basic leucine zipper (bZip) transcription factor that regulates gene expression of the antioxidant response elements (ARE). Nrf2 is involved in the cellular antioxidant-detoxification machinery. Nrf2 activation is a major mechanism of nephroprotective activity for these NPs, which facilitates its entry into the nucleus, primarily by inhibiting Kelch like-ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1). The purpose of this article was to review the peer-reviewed literature of NPs that have shown mitigating effects on renal disorder by stimulating Nrf2 and thereby suggesting potential new therapeutic or prophylactic strategies against kidney-damaging xenobiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad Molaei
- Faculty of PharmacyMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Ali Molaei
- Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Farshad Abedi
- Faculty of PharmacyMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | | | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Pharmaceutical Research CenterInstitute of Pharmaceutical TechnologyMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and ToxicologyFaculty of PharmacyMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
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5
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Shan T, Wei J, Wang Y, Zhao X, Zhao Y, Ge Q, Yuan Y, Yue T. Effects of different pesticides treatments on the nutritional quality of kiwifruit. J Food Sci 2021; 86:2346-2357. [PMID: 34028014 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pesticides are widely used in the process of kiwifruit growth to promote fruit expansion. This study was aimed to assess the effects of pesticides on the quality of kiwifruit by applying high and normal concentrations of forchlorfenuron (CPPU) and thidiazuron (TDZ) to "Xuxiang" (XX) green kiwifruit and "Jinyan" (JY) gold kiwifruit. Sixty kiwifruit trees were used to comprehensively evaluate the effects on the pulp and whole kiwifruit. In addition to the weight gain effect and basic physical-chemical properties (vitamin C, total protein, glucose and fructose, organic acids), the main nutritional qualities (in vitro and cellular antioxidant activity (CAA), and dietary minerals) were also evaluated. The vitamin C content of XX was not affected by pesticides, but the use of CPPU reduced vitamin C of JY pulp by 23% (p < 0.05). Pesticides did not reduce the antioxidant values of XX pulp in vitro but significantly reduced CAA values (32%-47%). In JY pulp, pesticides treatments had no significant effect on antioxidant values in vitro except that CPPU treatments significantly reduced the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) value by 21% (p < 0.05). Reasonable use of pesticides can effectively improve taste of kiwifruit, increasing kiwifruit weight and the content of certain nutrients. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Based on observed changes in nutritional components, CPPU may be more suitable for XX while TDZ may be more suitable for JY. The significance of this study may affect kiwifruit farmers and ultimately help improve the sensory quality of kiwifruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Shan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Agriculture Integration Test (Yangling), Yangling, China
| | - Jianping Wei
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xubo Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Agriculture Integration Test (Yangling), Yangling, China
| | - Yuyao Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Qian Ge
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Agriculture Integration Test (Yangling), Yangling, China
| | - Yahong Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Agriculture Integration Test (Yangling), Yangling, China
| | - Tianli Yue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Agriculture Integration Test (Yangling), Yangling, China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
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6
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Characterization of Phenolics in Rejected Kiwifruit and Their Antioxidant Potential. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9050781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Kiwifruit hold significant nutritional value and are a good source of antioxidants due to their diverse range of bioactive compounds. Kiwifruit waste is generated throughout the food supply chain, particularly during transportation and storage. Kiwifruit rejected from the retail market due to unfavorable appearance still possess potential economic value as kiwifruit are abundant in phenolic compounds. The present work studied the phenolic profile and antioxidant potential of rejected kiwifruit, including SunGold (Actinidia chinensis), Hayward (Actinidia deliciosa), and round organic Hayward (Actinidia deliciosa). Regarding phenolics estimation, SunGold possessed the highest TPC (0.72 ± 0.01 mg GAE/g), while Hayward exhibited the highest TFC (0.05 ± 0.09 mg QE/g). In antioxidant assays, SunGold showed the highest antioxidant activities in DPPH (0.31 ± 0.35 mg AAE/g), FRAP (0.48 ± 0.04 mg AAE/g), ABTS (0.69 ± 0.07 mg AAE/g), •OH-RSA (0.07 ± 0.03 mg AAE/g) assays, and FICA (0.19 ± 0.07 mg EDTA/g), whereas Hayward showed the highest RPA (0.09 ± 0.02 mg AAE/g) and TAC (0.57 ± 0.04 mg AAE/g). Separation and characterization of phenolics were conducted using LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS. A total of 97 phenolics were tentatively characterized from rejected SunGold (71 phenolics), Hayward (55 phenolics), and round organic Hayward (9 phenolics). Hydroxycinnamic acids and flavonols were the most common phenolics characterized in the three samples. The quantitative analysis was conducted by HPLC-PDA and found that chlorogenic acid (23.98 ± 0.95 mg/g), catechin (23.24 ± 1.16 mg/g), and quercetin (24.59 ± 1.23 mg/g) were the most abundant phenolics present in the rejected kiwifruit samples. The notable presence of phenolic compounds and their corresponding antioxidant capacities indicate the potential value of rescuing rejected kiwifruit for further utilization and commercial exploitation.
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7
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Nie XR, Li HY, Wei SY, Han QH, Zhao L, Zhang Q, Li SQ, Qin W, Wu DT. Changes of phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacities, and inhibitory effects on digestive enzymes of kiwifruits (Actinidia chinensis) during maturation. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-020-00424-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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8
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Assessment of phenolic contributors to antioxidant activity of new kiwifruit cultivars using cyclic voltammetry combined with HPLC. Food Chem 2018; 268:77-85. [PMID: 30064806 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The phenolics profile of two new kiwifruit cultivars, Zespri® SunGold and Zespri® Sweet Green, were characterized and quantified for the first time using cyclic voltammetry, an electrochemical method, combined with HPLC. Results from the cyclic voltammetry revealed high correlations with those obtained from the spectrophotometry and HPLC methods, providing evidence to support the application of cyclic voltammetry as a rapid method in determining the phenolic profile and reducing power of kiwifruit extracts. Catechol-containing phenolics were identified as the major phenolic sub-class in the skins while flavonoids and phenolic acids were abundant in flesh of the tested cultivars. Epicatechin was the predominant phenolic compound and contributor to antioxidant capacity in all samples. Results also showed that SunGold and Sweet Green (both flesh and skin) exhibited significantly higher phenolic contents and antioxidant activities comparing with the well-established commercial 'Hayward' cultivar, indicating their commercial value and potential applications in food and nutraceuticals.
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9
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Relationship between composition and bioactivity of persimmon and kiwifruit. Food Res Int 2018; 105:461-472. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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10
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Polovka M, Park YS, Ham KS, Park YK, Vearasilp S, Pasko P, Toledo F, Arancibia-Avila P, Gorinstein S. Ethylene Treated Kiwi Fruits during Storage. Part I: Postharvest Bioactive, Antioxidant and Binding Properties. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.13084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Polovka
- Department of Chemistry and Food Analysis, National Agricultural and Food Centre VUP; Food Research Institute; Bratislava SK-824 75 Slovak Republic
| | - Yong Seo Park
- Department of Horticultural Science; Mokpo National University; Muan Jeonnam South Korea
| | - Kyung-Sik Ham
- Department of Food Engineering; Mokpo National University; Muan Jeonnam South Korea
| | - Yang-Kyun Park
- Department of Food Engineering; Mokpo National University; Muan Jeonnam South Korea
| | - Suchada Vearasilp
- Postharvest Technology Research Institute/Postharvest Technology Innovation Center, Chiang Mai University; Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand
| | - Pawel Pasko
- Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition; Medical College, Jagiellonian University; Krakow 30-688 Poland
| | - Fernando Toledo
- Department of Basic Sciences; Universidad Del Bio-Bio; P.O. Box 447 Chillan 3780000 Chile
| | | | - Shela Gorinstein
- The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, The Hebrew University, Hadassah Medical School; Jerusalem 91120 Israel
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11
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Mahmoud YI. Kiwi fruit (Actinidia deliciosa) ameliorates gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in albino mice via the activation of Nrf2 and the inhibition of NF-κB (Kiwi & gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity). Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 94:206-218. [PMID: 28759758 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gentamicin is a potent aminoglycoside antibiotic, but the risk of nephrotoxicity limits its prolonged use. The toxicity of gentamicin is believed to result from oxidative stress, a condition that could be counteracted by dietary antioxidants. This study determines the possible renoprotective effects of kiwifruit against the pathophysiological and ultrastructural alterations induced by gentamicin. Mice were intraperitoneally injected with gentamicin (100mg/kg body weight) for eight consecutive days, and kiwi juice was administered for 8days, either concomitant to or after gentamicin injection. Gentamicin caused nephrotoxicity evidenced by the significant elevation of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels, along with significant reduction of serum sodium and potassium ions, compared to normal controls. This was associated with proximal tubular necrosis, lysosomal accumulation and mitochondrial alterations, together with glomerular atrophy, mesangial hypercellularity, and inflammatory cell infiltration. Moreover, immunohistochemical results pointed to the relevant role of Nrf2 and NF-κB in gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. Kiwi administration, especially when given after gentamicin injection, significantly ameliorated gentamicin-induced pathophysiological alterations, increased the nuclear immunoreactivity of Nrf2 and decreased that of NF-κB. In short, kiwi fruit shows a promising role as a nephroprotective agent against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity via attenuating oxidative stress, inflammation and cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yomna I Mahmoud
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia P.O. Box 11566, Cairo, Egypt.
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12
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Mahmoud YI, Farag S. Kiwifruit ameliorates gentamicin induced histological and histochemical alterations in the kidney of albino mice. Biotech Histochem 2017; 92:357-362. [DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2017.1318222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- YI Mahmoud
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - S Farag
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
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13
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Characterization of metabolites in different kiwifruit varieties by NMR and fluorescence spectroscopy. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 138:80-91. [PMID: 28189049 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
It is known from our previous studies that kiwifruits, which are used in common human diet, have preventive properties of coronary artery disease. This study describes a combination of 1H NMR spectroscopy, multivariate data analyses and fluorescence measurements in differentiating of some kiwifruit varieties, their quenching and antioxidant properties. A total of 41 metabolites were identified by comparing with literature data Chenomx database and 2D NMR. The binding properties of the extracted polyphenols against HSA showed higher reactivity of studied two cultivars in comparison with the common Hayward. The results showed that the fluorescence of HSA was quenched by Bidan as much as twice than by other fruits. The correlation between the binding properties of polyphenols in the investigated fruits, their relative quantification and suggested metabolic pathway was established. These results can provide possible application of fruit extracts in pharmaceutical industry.
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14
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A Preliminary Comparison of Antioxidants of Tomato Fruit Grown Under Organic and Conventional Systems. HORTICULTURAE 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae3010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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15
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Leontowicz M, Leontowicz H, Jesion I, Bielecki W, Najman K, Latocha P, Park YS, Gorinstein S. Actinidia arguta supplementation protects aorta and liver in rats with induced hypercholesterolemia. Nutr Res 2016; 36:1231-1242. [PMID: 27865618 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2016.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
There are no published results focusing on the study of hardy kiwifruit as a supplementation to the atherogenic diet. We hypothesized that hardy kiwifruit (Actinidia arguta (A. arguta)) from Poland possess better pro-healthy action than two Asian varieties (Hayward and Bidan). We tested this hypothesis by measuring the metabolic reactions of rats loaded with 1% cholesterol and supplemented with 5% of hardy kiwifruit (A. arguta), Hayward, or Bidan in their diets. The experiment was performed on 71 male Wistar rats. Cholesterol showed a significant impact on the rise of liver somatic index, while lipid profile improved by decreasing the levels of TC, LDL-C, TC/HDL-C, AI, TG, and increasing HDL-C in the serum of rats (P<.05). Total plasma antioxidant capacity determined by ABTS, FRAP, and DPPH assays was increased. ALP in rat serum was higher in groups receiving cholesterol diets and kiwifruit. A decrease in fibrinogen as well as prolonged prothrombin time and a reduction of the MPO in serum were estimated. The smallest percentage of lesions in the aortic arch was in the ChGeneva, ChWeiki, and ChAnna. Similarly, the smallest fatty liver disease was recorded in the ChGeneva and ChAnna groups. The distribution of lipids in the liver from these groups had a character of "mosaic," in hardy/mini kiwifruit (Jumbo), Hayward, and Bidan was distributed uniformly. The longest villi were in ChWeiki, and significantly lower in ChHayward and ChBidan. The present results support our hypothesis that A. arguta showed better pro-health impacts in rats loaded with cholesterol than Hayward and Bidan kiwifruit, and, for the first time, the positive nutritional effects of supplemented A. arguta for hypercholesterolemia are noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Leontowicz
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Hanna Leontowicz
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Jesion
- Department of Biology of Animal Environment, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Bielecki
- Department of Pathology and Veterinary Diagnostics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Najman
- Department of Functional Food and Commodities, Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumption, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Latocha
- Department of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Horticulture, Biotechnology, and Landscape Architecture (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
| | - Yong-Seo Park
- Department of Horticultural Science, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam, South Korea
| | - Shela Gorinstein
- The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, The Hebrew University, Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
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Drzewiecki J, Latocha P, Leontowicz H, Leontowicz M, Park YS, Najman K, Weisz M, Ezra A, Gorinstein S. Analytical Methods Applied to Characterization of Actinidia arguta, Actinidia deliciosa, and Actinidia eriantha Kiwi Fruit Cultivars. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-015-0309-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Leontowicz M, Jesion I, Leontowicz H, Park YS, Namiesnik J, Jastrzebski Z, Katrich E, Tashma Z, Gorinstein S. Bioactivity and bioavailability of minerals in rats loaded with cholesterol and kiwi fruit. Microchem J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2013.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Shelf life extension and antioxidant activity of 'Hayward' kiwi fruit as a result of prestorage conditioning and 1-methylcyclopropene treatment. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2014; 52:2711-20. [PMID: 25892768 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-014-1300-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Kiwi fruits (Actinidia deliciosa C.F. Liang et A.R. Ferguson) were treated by prestorage conditioning (20 °C for 2 days), 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP, 1 ppm for 16 h) and conditioning plus 1-MCP. After the treatment the fruits were immediately stored at 0 °C during 24 weeks. Flesh firmness gradually decreased with storage time and the rate of its loss was lower in 1-MCP and conditioning plus 1-MCP treatments than those of control or conditioning. However, SSC, acidity and pH did not change among treatments. Starch content decreased during the storage time regardless of treatments. Oppositely the amount of reducing sugars increased at the same duration of the treatments. Rate and incidence of fruit decay was the lowest in fruit treated with conditioning plus 1-MCP treatment. Fruit decay mainly caused pathogen Botrytis cinerea and its rate significantly decreased with conditioning plus 1-MCP treatment. Ethylene and respiration abruptly increased after 8 weeks of storage, but their contents were lower in 1-MCP and conditioning plus 1-MCP. Total soluble phenolics, flavonoids, and total antioxidant capacities were much higher than in other treatments. Kiwi fruits treated with conditioning plus 1-MCP extended the shelf life by reducing the rate of fruit decay and softening during the storage. The bioactive compounds and total antioxidant status of fruits increased during the treatment.
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Park YS, Im MH, Ham KS, Kang SG, Park YK, Namiesnik J, Leontowicz H, Leontowicz M, Katrich E, Gorinstein S. Nutritional and pharmaceutical properties of bioactive compounds in organic and conventional growing kiwifruit. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2013; 68:57-64. [PMID: 23386202 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-013-0339-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The bioactivity of two kiwifruit's cultivars growing under organic and conventional conditions were studied and compared. The bioactive compounds were extracted with water and ethanol using similar conditions which are applied in pharmaceutical applications and for daily fruit consumption such as tea drink. Antioxidant radical scavenging assays [ferric-reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP); cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC); 2, 2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS)], fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and ultraviolet spectroscopy, two (2D-FL) and three-dimensional (3D-FL) fluorometry were used for the detection of biologically active metabolites derived from kiwifruits (total phenols, flavonoids, chlorophylls, carotenoids and ascorbic acid). The correlation between the total phenol content (TPC) and other bioactive compounds, and their total antioxidant capacities (TAC) was calculated for studied kiwifruit's extracts. The interaction between drugs and human serum albumin (HSA) plays an important role in the distribution and metabolism of drugs. The properties of kiwifruit's phenol extracts showed their ability to quench HSA, forming the complexes similar to the ones between the proteins and pure flavonoids such as quercetin. The cultivar 'Bidan' exhibited significantly higher TAC than the classic 'Hayward'. In conclusion, for the first time 'Bidan' organic kiwifruit was analyzed and compared with widely consumed 'Hayward', using its bioactive and fluorescence properties. The influence of physiologically active kiwifruit's compounds on human health, through our investigations in vitro and scientifically proven information, was explained. Relatively high content of bioactive compounds, high antioxidant and fluorescence properties of kiwifruit justify its use as a source of valuable antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Seo Park
- Department of Horticultural Science, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam, South Korea.
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Capitani D, Mannina L, Proietti N, Sobolev AP, Tomassini A, Miccheli A, Di Cocco ME, Capuani G, De Salvador FR, Delfini M. Metabolic profiling and outer pericarp water state in Zespri, CI.GI, and Hayward kiwifruits. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:1727-1740. [PMID: 23083310 DOI: 10.1021/jf3028864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The metabolic profiling of aqueous extracts of Zespri Gold ( Actinidia chinensis ) and CI.GI (a controlled crossbreed from different species of Actinidia deliciosa ) kiwifruits and the water state of the outer pericarp of entire fruits were monitored over the season by means of high-field NMR spectroscopy and T(2) relaxation time measurements, respectively, and compared with the corresponding ones of Hayward kiwifruits previously investigated. A more complete assignment of the (1)H spectrum with respect to that obtained previously was reported: histidine, phenylalanine, quercetin 3-rhamnoside, and epicatechin were identified. Metabolic profiling confirmed Zespri's earlier maturation compared with the two other varieties. The water state of entire kiwifruits was measured nondestructively on fruits attached to the plants or detached from the plants. T(2) relaxation times were found to be sensitive to the kiwifruit developmental stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Capitani
- Istituto di Metodologie Chimiche, Laboratorio di Risonanza Magnetica Annalaura Segre, CNR, Rome, Italy
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