1
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Kim HJ. Spectroscopic and Chemical Properties of Ionic Liquids: Computational Study. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202300075. [PMID: 37166396 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
A brief account is given of highlights of our computational efforts - often in collaboration with experimental groups - to understand spectroscopic and chemical properties of ionic liquids (ILs). Molecular dynamics, including their inhomogeneous character, responsible for key spectral features observed in dielectric absorption, infra-red (IR) and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) measurements are elucidated. Mechanisms of chemical processes involving imidazolium-based ILs are illustrated for CO2 capture and related reactions, transesterification of cellulose, and Au nanocluster-catalyzed Suzuki cross-coupling reaction with attention paid to differing roles of IL ions. A comparison with experiments is also made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung J Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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2
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Shah S, Pietsch T, Ruck M. N-heterocyclic carbene-mediated oxidation of copper(I) in an imidazolium ionic liquid. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION B-A JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES 2023. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2022-0305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The aerobic oxidation of copper(I) to copper(II) was studied in the ionic liquid (IL) 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate [BMIm][OAc]. Temperatures above 100 °C promote the deprotonation of the C2 atom of the imidazolium ring and the dissolution of CuCl. 1H and 13C NMR spectra indicate the formation of the N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complex [NHC] CuICl under inert conditions. Upon aerobic oxidation, air-stable blue-green crystals of [BMIm]2[CuII
2(OAc)4Cl2] precipitate in high yield and the NHC is recovered. X-ray diffraction on a single-crystal of the complex salt revealed a monoclinic structure with space group P21/n. The centrosymmetric dinuclear acetate complex [Cu2(OAc)4Cl2]2– has the paddle-wheel motif and is weakly paramagnetic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameera Shah
- Fakultät Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie , Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden , Germany
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe , Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden , Germany
| | - Tobias Pietsch
- Fakultät Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie , Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden , Germany
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe , Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden , Germany
| | - Michael Ruck
- Fakultät Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie , Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden , Germany
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe , Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden , Germany
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3
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Niemöller H, Blasius J, Hollóczki O, Kirchner B. How do alternative amino acids behave in water? A comparative ab initio molecular dynamics study of solvated α-amino acids and α-amino amidines. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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4
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Grasser MA, Müller U, Ruck M. Low‐Temperature Synthesis of NiSb2, Cu2Sb, InSb and Sb2Te3 Starting from the Elements. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202200195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michael Ruck
- Technische Universität Dresden Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Helmholtzstr. 10 01069 Dresden GERMANY
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5
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CO2 capture by 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate: Solubility at low pressure and quantification of chemisorption and physisorption. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.118036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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6
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Kirchner B, Blasius J, Alizadeh V, Gansäuer A, Hollóczki O. Chemistry Dissolved in Ionic Liquids. A Theoretical Perspective. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:766-777. [PMID: 35034453 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c09092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The theoretical treatment of ionic liquids must focus now on more realistic models while at the same time keeping an accurate methodology when following recent ionic liquids research trends or allowing predictability to come to the foreground. In this Perspective, we summarize in three cases of advanced ionic liquid research what methodological progress has been made and point out difficulties that need to be overcome. As particular examples to discuss we choose reactions, chirality, and radicals in ionic liquids. All these topics have in common that an explicit or accurate treatment of the electronic structure and/or intermolecular interactions is required (accurate methodology), while at the same time system size and complexity as well as simulation time (realistic model) play an important role and must be covered as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Kirchner
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstraße 4+6, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jan Blasius
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstraße 4+6, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Vahideh Alizadeh
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstraße 4+6, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Gansäuer
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Oldamur Hollóczki
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstraße 4+6, D-53115 Bonn, Germany.,Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary
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7
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Wild M, Stolz F, Naumov S, Abel B. On the in situ formation of carbenes in ionic liquids. Mol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2021.1974589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Wild
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Leipzig, Germany
- Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ferdinand Stolz
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Leipzig, Germany
- Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sergej Naumov
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bernd Abel
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Leipzig, Germany
- Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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8
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Suo X, Yang Z, Fu Y, Do-Thanh CL, Chen H, Luo H, Jiang DE, Mahurin SM, Xing H, Dai S. CO 2 Chemisorption Behavior of Coordination-Derived Phenolate Sorbents. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:2854-2859. [PMID: 33989457 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202100666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
CO2 chemisorption via C-O bond formation is an efficient methodology in carbon capture especially using phenolate-based ionic liquids (ILs) as the sorbents to afford carbonate products. However, most of the current IL systems involve alkylphosphonium cations, leading to side reactions via the ylide intermediate pathway. It is important to figure out the CO2 chemisorption behavior of phenolate-derived sorbents using inactive and easily accessible cation counterparts without active protons. Herein, phenolate-based systems were constructed via coordination between alkali metal cations with crown ethers to avoid the participation of active protons in CO2 chemisorption. Reaction pathway study revealed that CO2 uptake could be achieved by O-C bond formation to afford carbonate. CO2 uptake capacity and reaction enthalpy were significantly influenced by the coordination effect, alkali metal types, and alkyl groups on the benzene ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Suo
- Department of Chemistry, Joint Institute for Advanced Materials, The University of Tennessee, 37996, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Zhenzhen Yang
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 37831, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Yuqing Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 92521, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Chi-Linh Do-Thanh
- Department of Chemistry, Joint Institute for Advanced Materials, The University of Tennessee, 37996, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Joint Institute for Advanced Materials, The University of Tennessee, 37996, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Huimin Luo
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 37831, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - De-En Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 92521, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Shannon M Mahurin
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 37831, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Huabin Xing
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Joint Institute for Advanced Materials, The University of Tennessee, 37996, Knoxville, TN, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 37831, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
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9
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Li F, Mocci F, Zhang X, Ji X, Laaksonen A. Ionic liquids for CO2 electrochemical reduction. Chin J Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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10
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Tarasova N, Krivoborodov E, Zanin A, Mezhuev Y. Ionic liquids: green solvents and reactive compounds? Reaction of tri-n-butylmethylphosphonium dimethylphosphate with elemental sulfur. PURE APPL CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2019-0804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The opening of the S8 ring with the formation of linear sulfur oligomers in the presence of tri-n-butylmethylphosphonium dimethylphosphate is shown. The reaction products are separated and characterized with 1H, 13C, 31P, 17O NMR spectroscopy, HD-MS, MALDI spectroscopy and XRD. It is shown that dimethylphosphate-anion is active in the reaction, and the addition of sulfur atoms occurs via the oxygen atom of dimethylphosphate-anion. It is found that a mixture of products is formed, which differ in the number of sulfur atoms in the chain. The assumptions were made about the mechanism of interaction of sulfur with tri-n-butylmethylphosphonium dimethylphosphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Tarasova
- D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia , 125047 , Moscow , Russia
- Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry , Russian Academy of Sciences , 119017 , Moscow , Russia
| | - Efrem Krivoborodov
- D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia , 125047 , Moscow , Russia
| | - Alexey Zanin
- D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia , 125047 , Moscow , Russia
| | - Yaroslav Mezhuev
- D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia , 125047 , Moscow , Russia
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11
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Brehm M, Radicke J, Pulst M, Shaabani F, Sebastiani D, Kressler J. Dissolving Cellulose in 1,2,3-Triazolium- and Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids with Aromatic Anions. Molecules 2020; 25:E3539. [PMID: 32748878 PMCID: PMC7435399 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We present 1,2,3-triazolium- and imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs) with aromatic anions as a new class of cellulose solvents. The two anions in our study, benzoate and salicylate, possess a lower basicity when compared to acetate and therefore should lead to a lower amount of N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) in the ILs. We characterize their physicochemical properties and find that all of them are liquids at room temperature. By applying force field molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we investigate the structure and dynamics of the liquids and find strong and long-lived hydrogen bonds, as well as significant π-π stacking between the aromatic anion and cation. Our ILs dissolve up to 8.5 wt.-% cellulose. Via NMR spectroscopy of the solution, we rule out chain degradation or derivatization, even after several weeks at elevated temperature. Based on our MD simulations, we estimate the enthalpy of solvation and derive a simple model for semi-quantitative prediction of cellulose solubility in ILs. With the help of Sankey diagrams, we illustrate the hydrogen bond network topology of the solutions, which is characterized by competing hydrogen bond donors and acceptors. The hydrogen bonds between cellulose and the anions possess average lifetimes in the nanosecond range, which is longer than found in common pure ILs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Brehm
- Institut für Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, D-06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Julian Radicke
- Institut für Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, D-06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Martin Pulst
- Institut für Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, D-06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Farzaneh Shaabani
- Institut für Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, D-06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Daniel Sebastiani
- Institut für Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, D-06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Jörg Kressler
- Institut für Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, D-06120 Halle, Germany
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12
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Apostolidou C. Regenerated Hoof Keratin from 1-Ethyl-3-Methylimidazolium Acetate and Insights into Disulfide-Ionic Liquid Interactions from MD Simulation. ChemistryOpen 2020; 9:695-702. [PMID: 32528792 PMCID: PMC7280737 DOI: 10.1002/open.202000096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Regeneration of the hoof keratin from ionic liquids was never successful in the past because the ionic liquids were not strong enough. However, this biomaterial starts to play a central role for the preparation of biofilms in the future. In the present study, hoof keratin was regenerated for the first time from an ionic liquid by experiment and characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). As 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate is strong enough to dissolve hooves, which have a lot of disulfide bonds, a Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation was performed with this ionic liquid and diphenyl disulfide. The MD simulation reveals that not only the cation as postulated after experiments were carried out, but also the anion is very important for the dissolution process. This complete picture was and is not accessible via experiments and is therefore valuable for future investigations. The anion always interacts with the disulfide bond, whereas the cation prefers in some situations a strong H-O interaction with the anion. If the cations and the anions are separated from each other so that the cation can not interact with the anion, both interact with the disulfide bond. The high solvation power of this solvent is shown by the fact that the cation interacts from the left and right side and the anion from above and below the disulfide bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Apostolidou
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical ChemistryInstitute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryRheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität BonnBeringstraße 453115BonnGermany
- Experimental work was done in: Chemical EngineeringUniversity of KwaZulu-Natal238 Mazisi Kunene Rd, GlenwoodDurban4001South Africa
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13
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Blasius J, Elfgen R, Hollóczki O, Kirchner B. Glucose in dry and moist ionic liquid: vibrational circular dichroism, IR, and possible mechanisms. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:10726-10737. [PMID: 32150178 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp06798a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquids and their mixtures with water show remarkable features in cellulose processing. For this reason, understanding the behavior of carbohydrates in ionic liquids is important. In the present study, we investigated three d-glucose isomers (α, β and open-chain) in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate in the presence and absence of water, through ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. In the complex hydrogen bonding network of these mixtures, the most interesting observation is that upon water addition every hydrogen bond elongates, except the glucose-glucose hydrogen bond for the open-chain and the α-form which shortens, clearly showing the beginning of the crystallization process. The ring glucose rearranges from on-top to in-plane and the open form changes from a coiled to a more linear arrangement when adding water which explains the contradiction that the center of mass distances of the glucose molecules with other glucose molecules grow while the hydrogen bonds shorten. The appearance of coiled open forms indicates that the previously suggested isomerization between these forms is possible and might play a role in the solubility of the related carbohydrates. The calculated IR and VCD spectra reveal insight into the intermolecular interactions, with good to excellent agreements with experimental spectra. Investigating the role of the cation, distances between the acidic carbon atom of the cation and the glucose carbon atom where ring closure and opening occurs are found, which are way shorter than dispersion-like interactions between aliphatic hydrocarbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Blasius
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstraße 4 + 6, D-53115 Bonn, Germany.
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14
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Brehm M, Thomas M, Gehrke S, Kirchner B. TRAVIS—A free analyzer for trajectories from molecular simulation. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:164105. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0005078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. Brehm
- Institut für Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle–Wittenberg, von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - M. Thomas
- Institut für Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle–Wittenberg, von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - S. Gehrke
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4+6, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - B. Kirchner
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4+6, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
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15
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Vázquez-Montelongo EA, Vázquez-Cervantes JE, Cisneros GA. Current Status of AMOEBA-IL: A Multipolar/Polarizable Force Field for Ionic Liquids. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030697. [PMID: 31973103 PMCID: PMC7037047 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Computational simulations of ionic liquid solutions have become a useful tool to investigate various physical, chemical and catalytic properties of systems involving these solvents. Classical molecular dynamics and hybrid quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical (QM/MM) calculations of IL systems have provided significant insights at the atomic level. Here, we present a review of the development and application of the multipolar and polarizable force field AMOEBA for ionic liquid systems, termed AMOEBA–IL. The parametrization approach for AMOEBA–IL relies on the reproduction of total quantum mechanical (QM) intermolecular interaction energies and QM energy decomposition analysis. This approach has been used to develop parameters for imidazolium– and pyrrolidinium–based ILs coupled with various inorganic anions. AMOEBA–IL has been used to investigate and predict the properties of a variety of systems including neat ILs and IL mixtures, water exchange reactions on lanthanide ions in IL mixtures, IL–based liquid–liquid extraction, and effects of ILs on an aniline protection reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - G. Andrés Cisneros
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76201, USA; (E.A.V.-M.); (J.E.V.-C.)
- Center for Advanced Scientific Computing and Modeling (CASCaM), University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76201, USA
- Correspondence:
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16
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Jain P, Chaudhari VR, Kumar A. Water-assisted stability of carbene: cyclic voltammetric investigation of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate ionic liquid. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:24126-24131. [PMID: 31657400 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05033g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we report electrochemical studies on imidazolium-based ionic liquids with an objective to explore the possibility of carbene formation in their dilute aqueous solutions. Conventionally, water plays a detrimental role during investigations involving ionic liquids, and this role has been investigated via electrochemical studies in aqueous ionic liquid solutions. There are varying opinions regarding the influence of water on the physicochemical behaviour of ionic liquids that require an in-depth understanding. To eludicate the role of water, we attempted to evaluate the electrochemical performance of ionic liquids in water as a solvent, and the influence of water on ionic liquids was explored through feasibility and stability studies on carbene formed in an aqueous imidazolium-based ionic liquid solution. The electrochemical investigation of an aqueous solution of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate ([EMIM][EtSO4]) revealed a redox couple. Detailed investigations suggest that reduction of the imidazolium cation occurs at the C2 position, with subsequent formation of carbene. Furthermore, an anodic peak was found to be associated with the oxidation of carbene. The coulometric process associated with the anodic peaks indicated that the two-electron oxidation of carbene occurred. The stability of carbene in water was evaluated through the use of different protic and aprotic solvents. The hydrogen bond-forming ability of carbene with water seems to be responsible for its improved stability in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Jain
- Physical & Material Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India.
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17
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Filippov A, Antzutkin ON, Shah FU. Rapid carbene formation increases ion diffusivity in an imidazolium acetate ionic liquid confined between polar glass plates. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:22531-22538. [PMID: 31588443 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp04504j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
1-Ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium acetate ([EMIM][OAc]) is one of the most widely used ionic liquids for various applications. This study is focussed on the chemical stability of [EMIM][OAc] on the surfaces of polar glass plates. 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and NMR diffusometry of [EMIM][OAc] IL confined between glass plates with a specific surface area 105-106 m-1 are thoroughly investigated. A rapid and spontaneous reaction took place on the surfaces of glass plates leading to the formation of neutral chemical moieties as evident by the appearance of new signals in the 1H NMR spectra. These new products are assigned as N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) and acetic acid. These neutral chemical moieties have significantly increased the ion diffusivity by dissociation of the cation and the anion in [EMIM][OAc] IL. The yield and rate of formation of NHC and acetic acid are found to increase with the increasing surface area of polar glass plates and the time of contact between the IL and glass surfaces. Based on NMR spectroscopy, a dissociative reaction mechanism is proposed for the formation of free NHC in the neat [EMIM][OAc] IL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Filippov
- Chemistry of Interfaces, Luleå University of Technology, SE-97187 Luleå, Sweden. and Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia
| | - Oleg N Antzutkin
- Chemistry of Interfaces, Luleå University of Technology, SE-97187 Luleå, Sweden. and Department of Physics, Warwick University, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Faiz Ullah Shah
- Chemistry of Interfaces, Luleå University of Technology, SE-97187 Luleå, Sweden.
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Umecky T, Abe M, Takamuku T, Makino T, Kanakubo M. CO2 absorption features of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ionic liquids with 2,4-pentanedionate and its fluorine derivatives. J CO2 UTIL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2019.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Brehm M, Pulst M, Kressler J, Sebastiani D. Triazolium-Based Ionic Liquids: A Novel Class of Cellulose Solvents. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:3994-4003. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b12082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Brehm
- Institut für Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Martin Pulst
- Institut für Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jörg Kressler
- Institut für Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Daniel Sebastiani
- Institut für Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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Tamboli RS, Shidore MM, Dash RC, Kanhed AM, Patel NR, Shah SR, Yadav MR. Improved Rapid and Green Synthesis of N
-Aryl Piperazine Hydrochlorides Using Synergistic Coupling of Hydrated Task Specific Ionic Liquid ([BbIm]OH) and Microwave Irradiation. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201803237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Riyaj S. Tamboli
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kalabhavan Campus; The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda; Vadodara- 390001, Gujarat India
| | - Mahesh M. Shidore
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kalabhavan Campus; The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda; Vadodara- 390001, Gujarat India
| | - Radha Charan Dash
- Visiting research associate, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kalabhavan Campus; The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda; Vadodara 390 001, Gujarat India
| | - Ashish M. Kanhed
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kalabhavan Campus; The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda; Vadodara- 390001, Gujarat India
| | - Nirav R. Patel
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kalabhavan Campus; The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda; Vadodara- 390001, Gujarat India
| | - Shailesh R. Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sayajiganj; The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda; Vadodara 390 001, Gujarat India
| | - Mangeram Ram Yadav
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kalabhavan Campus; The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda; Vadodara- 390001, Gujarat India
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21
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Ray P, Elfgen R, Kirchner B. Cation influence on heterocyclic ammonium ionic liquids: a molecular dynamics study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:4472-4486. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp07683a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Four different ionic liquids (ILs) consisting of the bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide ([NTf2]−) anion, with structurally similar systematically varying cations, are investigated herein through classical molecular dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Promit Ray
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn
- D-53115 Bonn
- Germany
| | - Roman Elfgen
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn
- D-53115 Bonn
- Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion
| | - Barbara Kirchner
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn
- D-53115 Bonn
- Germany
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22
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Brehm M, Sebastiani D. Simulating structure and dynamics in small droplets of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:193802. [PMID: 30307180 DOI: 10.1063/1.5010342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the structure and dynamics of small ionic liquid droplets in gas phase, we performed a DFT-based ab initio molecular dynamics study of several 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate clusters in vacuum as well as a bulk phase simulation. We introduce an unbiased criterion for average droplet diameter and density. By extrapolation of the droplet densities, we predict the experimental bulk phase density with a deviation of only a few percent. The hydrogen bond geometry between cations and anions is very similar in droplets and bulk, but the hydrogen bond dynamics is significantly slower in the droplets, becoming slower with increasing system size, with hydrogen bond lifetimes up to 2000 ps. From a normal mode analysis of the trajectories, we identify the modes of the ring proton C-H stretching, which are strongly affected by hydrogen bonding. From analyzing these, we find that the hydrogen bond becomes weaker with increasing system size. The cations possess an increased concentration inside the clusters, whereas the anions show an excess concentration on the outside. Almost all anions point towards the droplet center with their carboxylic groups. Ring stacking is found to be a very important structural motif in the droplets (as in the bulk), but side chain interactions are only of minor importance. By using Voronoi tessellation, we define the exposed droplet surface and find that it consists mainly of hydrogen atoms from the cation's and anion's methyl and ethyl groups. Polar atoms are rarely found on the surface, such that the droplets appear completely hydrophobic on the outside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Brehm
- Institut für Chemie-Theoretische Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Daniel Sebastiani
- Institut für Chemie-Theoretische Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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23
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Gehrke S, Reckien W, Palazzo I, Welton T, Hollóczki O. On the Carbene-Like Reactions of Imidazolium Acetate Ionic Liquids: Can Theory and Experiments Agree? European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201801050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Gehrke
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry; University of Bonn; Beringstr. 4+6 Bonn Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion; Stiftstrasse 34-36 45470 Muelheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Werner Reckien
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry; University of Bonn; Beringstr. 4+6 Bonn Germany
| | - Ivan Palazzo
- Department of Chemistry; Imperial College London; 2AZ London, SW7 UK
| | - Tom Welton
- Department of Chemistry; Imperial College London; 2AZ London, SW7 UK
| | - Oldamur Hollóczki
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry; University of Bonn; Beringstr. 4+6 Bonn Germany
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24
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Diniz JR, de Lima TB, Galaverna R, de Oliveira AL, Ferreira DAC, Gozzo FC, Eberlin MN, Dupont J, Neto BAD. Is the formation of N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) a feasible mechanism for the distillation of imidazolium ionic liquids? Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:24716-24725. [PMID: 30225491 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp03609h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We describe the synthesis of two tetrachloroindate ionic liquids used as probes to study the involvement of NHCs (N-heterocyclic carbenes) in the distillation of imidazolium derivatives. Atmospheric-pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (APCI-MS), electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), atmospheric-pressure thermal desorption ion mass spectrometry (APTDI-MS) and laser-induced acoustic desorption (LIAD) were used to depict the possibility of the involvement of NHCs during the distillation process. Each type of imidazolium derivative showed a particular mechanism of distillation, pointing firmly to the dependence of both the cation and the anion natures to distil as ion pairs or NHCs. Ionic liquid 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrachloroindate (1a) exhibited a preference to distil as ion pairs, whereas 3,3'-(ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(1-methyimidazolium)bis-tetrachloroindate (1b) may react with the Lewis acid anion, affording a bidentate NHC complex to distil. Thermodynamics, quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) and natural bond orbital (NBO) analyses of the ionic liquid 1a were also conducted and helped understand the preference for ion pairs instead of NHCs. The performed theoretical calculations did not forwent the possibility of NHC formation; however, they clearly indicated the high stability of the anions (Lewis acids in nature) and also indicated that the possible reaction between NHC and the anion is not favoured. The calculated thermodynamic values were in accordance with the features observed by MS and indicated ion pairs as the feasible species for the distillation of imidazolium-based ionic liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia R Diniz
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasilia (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, CEP 70904970, P.O. Box 4478, Brasilia-DF, Brazil.
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25
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Brinzer T, Daly CA, Allison C, Garrett-Roe S, Corcelli SA. Modeling Carbon Dioxide Vibrational Frequencies in Ionic Liquids: III. Dynamics and Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:8931-8942. [PMID: 30160958 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b05659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, interest in carbon capture and sequestration has led to numerous investigations of the ability of ionic liquids to act as recyclable CO2-sorbent materials. Herein, we investigate the structure and dynamics of a model physisorbing ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C4C1Im][PF6]), from the perspective of CO2 using two-dimensional (2D) IR spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations. A direct comparison of experimentally measured and calculated 2D IR line shapes confirms the validity of the simulations and spectroscopic calculations. Taken together, the simulations and experiments reveal new insights into the interactions of a CO2 solute with the surrounding ionic liquid and how these interactions manifest in the 2D IR spectra. In particular, higher CO2 asymmetric stretch vibrational frequencies are associated with softer, less populated solvent cages and lower frequencies are associated with tighter, more highly populated solvent cages. The CO2 interacts most strongly with the anions, and these interactions persist for more than 1 ns. The second strongest interactions are with the imidazolium cation ring that last 100 ps, and the weakest interactions are with the cation butyl tail that persist for 10 ps. The principal contributors to spectral diffusion of the CO2 asymmetric stretch vibrational frequency due to the dynamical evolution of the solvent are through Lennard-Jones interactions at short times and electrostatics at long times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Brinzer
- Department of Chemistry , University of Pittsburgh , 219 Parkman Avenue , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15260 , United States.,Pittsburgh Quantum Institute , University of Pittsburgh , 3943 O'Hara Street , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15260 , United States
| | - Clyde A Daly
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Notre Dame , 251 Nieuwland Science Hall , Notre Dame , Indiana 46656 , United States
| | - Cecelia Allison
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Notre Dame , 251 Nieuwland Science Hall , Notre Dame , Indiana 46656 , United States
| | - Sean Garrett-Roe
- Department of Chemistry , University of Pittsburgh , 219 Parkman Avenue , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15260 , United States.,Pittsburgh Quantum Institute , University of Pittsburgh , 3943 O'Hara Street , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15260 , United States
| | - Steven A Corcelli
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Notre Dame , 251 Nieuwland Science Hall , Notre Dame , Indiana 46656 , United States
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26
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Rico del Cerro D, Mera‐Adasme R, King AWT, Perea‐Buceta JE, Heikkinen S, Hase T, Sundholm D, Wähälä K. On the Mechanism of the Reactivity of 1,3‐Dialkylimidazolium Salts under Basic to Acidic Conditions: A Combined Kinetic and Computational Study. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:11613-11617. [PMID: 29987916 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201805016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Rico del Cerro
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Helsinki P.O. Box 55, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1 00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Raúl Mera‐Adasme
- Departamento de Ciencias del AmbienteFacultad de Química y BiologíaUniversidad de Santiago de Chile Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 3363 9170022 Estacion Central Chile
| | - Alistair W. T. King
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Helsinki P.O. Box 55, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1 00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Jesus E. Perea‐Buceta
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Helsinki P.O. Box 55, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1 00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Sami Heikkinen
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Helsinki P.O. Box 55, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1 00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Tapio Hase
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Helsinki P.O. Box 55, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1 00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Dage Sundholm
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Helsinki P.O. Box 55, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1 00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Kristiina Wähälä
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Helsinki P.O. Box 55, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1 00014 Helsinki Finland
- Department of Biochemistry and Development BiologyUniversity of Helsinki Haartmaninkatu 3, P.O. Box 21 000140 Helsinki Finland
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27
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Rico del Cerro D, Mera-Adasme R, King AWT, Perea-Buceta JE, Heikkinen S, Hase T, Sundholm D, Wähälä K. On the Mechanism of the Reactivity of 1,3-Dialkylimidazolium Salts under Basic to Acidic Conditions: A Combined Kinetic and Computational Study. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201805016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Rico del Cerro
- Department of Chemistry; University of Helsinki; P.O. Box 55, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1 00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Raúl Mera-Adasme
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente; Facultad de Química y Biología; Universidad de Santiago de Chile; Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 3363 9170022 Estacion Central Chile
| | - Alistair W. T. King
- Department of Chemistry; University of Helsinki; P.O. Box 55, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1 00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Jesus E. Perea-Buceta
- Department of Chemistry; University of Helsinki; P.O. Box 55, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1 00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Sami Heikkinen
- Department of Chemistry; University of Helsinki; P.O. Box 55, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1 00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Tapio Hase
- Department of Chemistry; University of Helsinki; P.O. Box 55, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1 00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Dage Sundholm
- Department of Chemistry; University of Helsinki; P.O. Box 55, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1 00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Kristiina Wähälä
- Department of Chemistry; University of Helsinki; P.O. Box 55, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1 00014 Helsinki Finland
- Department of Biochemistry and Development Biology; University of Helsinki; Haartmaninkatu 3, P.O. Box 21 000140 Helsinki Finland
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28
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Chiarotto I, Mattiello L, Pandolfi F, Rocco D, Feroci M. NHC in Imidazolium Acetate Ionic Liquids: Actual or Potential Presence? Front Chem 2018; 6:355. [PMID: 30211149 PMCID: PMC6121013 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are considered in the majority of cases green solvents, due to their virtually null vapor pressure and to the easiness in recycling them. In particular, imidazolium ILs are widely used in many fields of Chemistry, as solvents or precursors of N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs). The latter are easily obtained by deprotonation of the C2-H, usually using strong bases or cathodic reduction. Nevertheless, it is known that weaker bases (e.g., triethylamine) are able to promote C2-H/D exchange. From this perspective, the possibility of deprotonating C2-H group of an imidazolium cation by means of a basic counter-ion was seriously considered and led to the synthesis of imidazolium ILs spontaneously containing NHCs. The most famous of this class of ILs are N,N'-disubstituted imidazolium acetates. Due to the particular reactivity of this kind of ILs, they were appointed as “organocatalytic ionic liquids” or “proto-carbenes.” Many papers report the use of these imidazolium acetates in organocatalytic reactions (i. e., catalyzed by NHC) or in stoichiometric NHC reactions (e.g., with elemental sulfur to yield the corresponding imidazole-2-thiones). Nevertheless, the actual presence of NHC in N,N'-disubstituted imidazolium acetate is still controversial. Moreover, theoretical studies seem to rule out the presence of NHC in such a polar environment as an IL. Aim of this Mini Review is to give the reader an up-to-date overview on the actual or potential presence of NHC in such an “organocatalytic ionic liquid,” both from the experimental and theoretical point of view, without the intent to be exhaustive on N,N'-disubstituted imidazolium acetate applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Chiarotto
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Base e Applicate per l'Ingegneria, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Leonardo Mattiello
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Base e Applicate per l'Ingegneria, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabiana Pandolfi
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Base e Applicate per l'Ingegneria, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Rocco
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Base e Applicate per l'Ingegneria, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Feroci
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Base e Applicate per l'Ingegneria, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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29
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Yan F, Kakuchi R, Takahashi K, Kim HJ. CS 2 capture in the ionic liquid 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate: reaction mechanism and free energetics. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:19339-19349. [PMID: 29989138 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp01724g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reaction pathways for CS2 and COS in the ionic liquid, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium (EMI+) acetate (OAc-), are studied using the ab initio self-consistent reaction field theory (SCRF) and molecular dynamics (MD) computer simulations. It is found that while CS2 converts to COS nearly at the 100% level through S/O exchange with acetate, both conversion and capture processes are kinetically possible for COS, yielding CO2/thioacetate and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole-2-thiocarboxylate (EMI-COS)/acetic acid as reaction products, respectively. These findings are in excellent agreement with recent experimental observations in the closely related 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (BMI+OAc-) ionic liquid system. Constrained ab initio MD indicates that the capture reaction of COS (and CS2 if allowed) proceeds in a concerted fashion; viz., proton transfer from EMI+ to OAc- and carboxylation of EMI+ by COS (and CS2) occur concurrently, analogous to the concerted pathway proposed recently for CO2 capture in the imidazolium acetate ionic liquid family. As N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) is not required, the concerted mechanism is fully consistent with the experimental fact that NHC has not been detected directly in this ionic liquid family. Computational analysis further predicts that if NHC would be present in the ionic liquid, it would react with CS2 and produce 1-ethyl-3-imidazole-2-dithiocarboxylate, prior to the conversion of CS2 to COS. Since such a dithiocarboxylate compound was not detected experimentally, the present analysis lends support to the view that NHC is not formed in the pure imidazolium acetate ionic liquid family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyong Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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Abstract
There is no doubt that ionic liquids have become a major subject of study for modern chemistry. We have become used to ever more publications in the field each year, although there is some evidence that this is beginning to plateau at approximately 3500 papers each year. They have been the subject of several major reviews and books, dealing with different applications and aspects of their behaviours. In this article, I will show a little of how interest in ionic liquids grew and developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Welton
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, England.
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31
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Miao H, Schmidt J, Heil T, Antonietti M, Willinger M, Guterman R. Formation and Properties of Poly(Ionic Liquid)-Carbene Nanogels Containing Individually Stabilized Silver Species. Chemistry 2018; 24:5754-5759. [PMID: 29508930 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Imidazolium-based ionic liquids have the ability to undergo a variety of chemical reactions through an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) intermediate, which has expanded the chemical toolbox for new applications. Despite their uses and exploration, the carbene-forming properties and applications of their polymeric congeners, poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs), is still underdeveloped. Herein, we explore the NHC-forming properties of a theophylline-derived PIL for nanogel synthesis. Using silver oxide as both the carbene-forming reagent and cross-linker, nanogels containing individually stabilized ions can be created with different sizes and morphology, including large "galaxy-like" superstructures. Using high-resolution TEM techniques, we directly observed the sub-nanometer structure of these constructs. These features combined exemplify the unique chemistry of poly-NHCs for single-metal-ion-stabilization nanogel design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Miao
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Colloids and Interfaces, MPI Research Campus Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Johannes Schmidt
- Department of Functional Materials, Technical University Berlin, Hardenbergstrasse 40, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Heil
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Colloids and Interfaces, MPI Research Campus Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Markus Antonietti
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Colloids and Interfaces, MPI Research Campus Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Marc Willinger
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Colloids and Interfaces, MPI Research Campus Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Ryan Guterman
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Colloids and Interfaces, MPI Research Campus Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
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32
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Doherty B, Zhong X, Acevedo O. Virtual Site OPLS Force Field for Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:2962-2974. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b11996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian Doherty
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Xiang Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Orlando Acevedo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
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33
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Yan F, Dhumal NR, Kim HJ. CO 2 capture in ionic liquid 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate: a concerted mechanism without carbene. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 19:1361-1368. [PMID: 27976766 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp06556b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) provide a promising medium for CO2 capture. Recently, the family of ILs comprising imidazolium-based cations and acetate anions, such as 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (EMI+OAc-), has been found to react with CO2 and form carboxylate compounds. N-Heterocyclic carbene (NHC) is widely assumed to be responsible by directly reacting with CO2 though NHC has not been detected in these ILs. Herein, a computational analysis of CO2 capture in EMI+OAc- is presented. Quantum chemistry calculations predict that NHC is unstable in a polar environment, suggesting that NHC is not formed in EMI+OAc-. Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations indicate that an EMI+ ion "activated" by the approach of a CO2 molecule can donate its acidic proton to a neighboring OAc- anion and form a carboxylate compound with the CO2 molecule. Analysis of this termolecular process indicates that the EMI+-to-OAc- proton transfer and the formation of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium-2-carboxylate occur essentially concurrently. Based on these findings, a novel concerted mechanism that does not involve NHC is proposed for CO2 capture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyong Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Nilesh R Dhumal
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Hyung J Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. and School of Computational Sciences, Korea Institute for Advanced Study, Seoul 02455, Korea
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35
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Balbino JM, Dupont J, Bayón JC. Telomerization of 1,3-Butadiene with Carbon Dioxide: A Highly Efficient Process for δ-Lactone Generation. ChemCatChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201701058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- João M. Balbino
- Institute of Chemistry; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul; Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500 CEP-91501-970 Porto Alegre RS Brazil
- Department de Química; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Bellaterra 08193 Barcelona Spain
| | - Jairton Dupont
- Institute of Chemistry; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul; Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500 CEP-91501-970 Porto Alegre RS Brazil
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham; University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - J. Carles Bayón
- Department de Química; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Bellaterra 08193 Barcelona Spain
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36
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Daud NMAN, Bakis E, Hallett JP, Weber CC, Welton T. Evidence for the spontaneous formation of N-heterocyclic carbenes in imidazolium based ionic liquids. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:11154-11156. [PMID: 28890962 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc06112a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
We present a study of the reactions of aldehydes in ionic liquids which gives evidence for the spontaneous formation of N-heterocyclic carbenes in ionic liquids based on 1,3-dialkyl substituted imidazolium cations from the lack of a deuterium isotope effect on the reaction of these ionic liquids with aldehydes.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M A N Daud
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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37
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Baumruck AC, Tietze D, Stark A, Tietze AA. Reactions of Sulfur-Containing Organic Compounds and Peptides in 1-Ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium Acetate. J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas C. Baumruck
- Clemens-Schöpf
Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Darmstadt University of Technology, Alarich-Weiss Str. 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Daniel Tietze
- Eduard-Zintl-Institute
of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Darmstadt Univeristy of Technology, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Annegret Stark
- Chemical
Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, 238 Mazisi Kunene Rd, Glenwood, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Alesia A. Tietze
- Clemens-Schöpf
Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Darmstadt University of Technology, Alarich-Weiss Str. 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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38
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Mei K, He X, Chen K, Zhou X, Li H, Wang C. Highly Efficient CO 2 Capture by Imidazolium Ionic Liquids through a Reduction in the Formation of the Carbene–CO 2 Complex. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b01001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Mei
- Department of Chemistry, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, and ‡Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xi He
- Department of Chemistry, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, and ‡Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Kaihong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, and ‡Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xiuyuan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, and ‡Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Haoran Li
- Department of Chemistry, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, and ‡Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Congmin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, and ‡Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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39
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Firaha D, Gibalova AV, Hollóczki O. Basic Phosphonium Ionic Liquids as Wittig Reagents. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:2901-2911. [PMID: 31457625 PMCID: PMC6641186 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The possibility of designing a solvent/reagent for Wittig reactions from basic phosphonium salts is explored theoretically. In the suggested R4P+PhO- and Ph3PR+PhO- ionic liquids (ILs), the phenolate anion is prone to remove the α-proton from the alkyl chains, forming a phosphorous ylide. Significant hydrogen bonding between the oxygen atoms of the anions and α-hydrogen atoms of the cations were found by molecular dynamics simulations of these substances; therefore, proton transfer between the two ions is inherently supported by the structure of the liquid as well. The subsequent steps of the Wittig reaction from the phosphorous ylide were also found to be energetically possible. The mesoscopic structure of these materials exhibits a significant segregation into polar and nonpolar domains, which may also allow an easy dissolution of the substrates. The formation of a pentacoordinated phosphorous derivative through P-O bond formation was found to be also possible in the gas phase for both kind of compounds. Accordingly, having such basic anions in phosphonium-based ILs may produce such a neutral and therefore volatile species, which may hold further significant applications for these solvents in ion-exchange and separation techniques and in synthesis.
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40
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Hunt PA. Quantum Chemical Modeling of Hydrogen Bonding in Ionic Liquids. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2017; 375:59. [PMID: 28523638 PMCID: PMC5480408 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-017-0142-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen bonding (H-bonding) is an important and very general phenomenon. H-bonding is part of the basis of life in DNA, key in controlling the properties of water and ice, and critical to modern applications such as crystal engineering, catalysis applications, pharmaceutical and agrochemical development. H-bonding also plays a significant role for many ionic liquids (IL), determining the secondary structuring and affecting key physical parameters. ILs exhibit a particularly diverse and wide range of traditional as well as non-standard forms of H-bonding, in particular the doubly ionic H-bond is important. Understanding the fundamental nature of the H-bonds that form within ILs is critical, and one way of accessing this information, that cannot be recovered by any other computational method, is through quantum chemical electronic structure calculations. However, an appropriate method and basis set must be employed, and a robust procedure for determining key structures is essential. Modern generalised solvation models have recently been extended to ILs, bringing both advantages and disadvantages. QC can provide a range of information on geometry, IR and Raman spectra, NMR spectra and at a more fundamental level through analysis of the electronic structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Hunt
- Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, UK.
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41
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Gehrke S, Schmitz K, Hollóczki O. Is Carbene Formation Necessary for Dissolving Cellulose in Ionic Liquids? J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:4521-4529. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b00631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Gehrke
- Mulliken
Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4 + 6, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, D-45470 Muelheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Karola Schmitz
- Mulliken
Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4 + 6, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Oldamur Hollóczki
- Mulliken
Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4 + 6, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
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42
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Ullah B, Chen J, Zhang Z, Xing H, Yang Q, Bao Z, Ren Q. 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate as a highly efficient organocatalyst for cyanosilylation of carbonyl compounds with trimethylsilyl cyanide. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42699. [PMID: 28198462 PMCID: PMC5309884 DOI: 10.1038/srep42699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate is introduced as a robust organocatalyst for solvent-free cyanosilylation of carbonyl compounds with trimethylsilyl cyanide (TMSCN). The catalyst loading can be reduced to as low as 0.1–0.0001 mol % under mild reaction conditions, giving considerably high TOF values from 10,843 h−1 to 10,602,410 h−1 in the field of organocatalyzed transformations. The present protocol not only tolerates with extensive carbonyl compounds but also provides somewhat insight into the mechanism of ionic liquids (ILs)-catalyzed reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bakhtar Ullah
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jingwen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Huabin Xing
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Qiwei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zongbi Bao
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Qilong Ren
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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43
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Izgorodina EI, Seeger ZL, Scarborough DLA, Tan SYS. Quantum Chemical Methods for the Prediction of Energetic, Physical, and Spectroscopic Properties of Ionic Liquids. Chem Rev 2017; 117:6696-6754. [PMID: 28139908 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The accurate prediction of physicochemical properties of condensed systems is a longstanding goal of theoretical (quantum) chemistry. Ionic liquids comprising entirely of ions provide a unique challenge in this respect due to the diverse chemical nature of available ions and the complex interplay of intermolecular interactions among them, thus resulting in the wide variability of physicochemical properties, such as thermodynamic, transport, and spectroscopic properties. It is well understood that intermolecular forces are directly linked to physicochemical properties of condensed systems, and therefore, an understanding of this relationship would greatly aid in the design and synthesis of functionalized materials with tailored properties for an application at hand. This review aims to give an overview of how electronic structure properties obtained from quantum chemical methods such as interaction/binding energy and its fundamental components, dipole moment, polarizability, and orbital energies, can help shed light on the energetic, physical, and spectroscopic properties of semi-Coulomb systems such as ionic liquids. Particular emphasis is given to the prediction of their thermodynamic, transport, spectroscopic, and solubilizing properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina I Izgorodina
- Monash Computational Chemistry Group, School of Chemistry, Monash University , 17 Rainforest Walk, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Zoe L Seeger
- Monash Computational Chemistry Group, School of Chemistry, Monash University , 17 Rainforest Walk, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - David L A Scarborough
- Monash Computational Chemistry Group, School of Chemistry, Monash University , 17 Rainforest Walk, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Samuel Y S Tan
- Monash Computational Chemistry Group, School of Chemistry, Monash University , 17 Rainforest Walk, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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44
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Abstract
Vibrational spectroscopy has continued use as a powerful tool to characterize ionic liquids since the literature on room temperature molten salts experienced the rapid increase in number of publications in the 1990's. In the past years, infrared (IR) and Raman spectroscopies have provided insights on ionic interactions and the resulting liquid structure in ionic liquids. A large body of information is now available concerning vibrational spectra of ionic liquids made of many different combinations of anions and cations, but reviews on this literature are scarce. This review is an attempt at filling this gap. Some basic care needed while recording IR or Raman spectra of ionic liquids is explained. We have reviewed the conceptual basis of theoretical frameworks which have been used to interpret vibrational spectra of ionic liquids, helping the reader to distinguish the scope of application of different methods of calculation. Vibrational frequencies observed in IR and Raman spectra of ionic liquids based on different anions and cations are discussed and eventual disagreements between different sources are critically reviewed. The aim is that the reader can use this information while assigning vibrational spectra of an ionic liquid containing another particular combination of anions and cations. Different applications of IR and Raman spectroscopies are given for both pure ionic liquids and solutions. Further issues addressed in this review are the intermolecular vibrations that are more directly probed by the low-frequency range of IR and Raman spectra and the applications of vibrational spectroscopy in studying phase transitions of ionic liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor H Paschoal
- Laboratório de Espectroscopia Molecular, Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo , Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Luiz F O Faria
- Laboratório de Espectroscopia Molecular, Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo , Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Mauro C C Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Espectroscopia Molecular, Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo , Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
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45
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García G, Atilhan M, Aparicio S. Simultaneous CO2 and SO2 capture by using ionic liquids: a theoretical approach. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:5411-5422. [PMID: 28164188 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp08151g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Density functional theory (DFT) methods were used to analyze the mechanism of interaction between acidic gases and ionic liquids based on the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium cation coupled with five different anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregorio García
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Burgos
- 09001 Burgos
- Spain
| | - Mert Atilhan
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Qatar University
- Doha
- Qatar
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46
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Chiarotto I, Feroci M, Inesi A. First direct evidence of N-heterocyclic carbene in BMIm acetate ionic liquids. An electrochemical and chemical study on the role of temperature. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj00779e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic voltammetry measurements provide the first direct evidence of N-heterocyclic carbene in neat 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ionic liquid at temperatures over 120 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Chiarotto
- Dept. SBAI, Sapienza University of Rome
- 00161 Rome
- Italy
| | - M. Feroci
- Dept. SBAI, Sapienza University of Rome
- 00161 Rome
- Italy
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47
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CO2 Absorption Properties and Mechanisms for 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Ether-Functionalized Carboxylates. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b03309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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48
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Firaha DS, Thomas M, Hollóczki O, Korth M, Kirchner B. Can dispersion corrections annihilate the dispersion-driven nano-aggregation of non-polar groups? An ab initio molecular dynamics study of ionic liquid systems. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:204502. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4967861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dzmitry S. Firaha
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4+6, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Martin Thomas
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4+6, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Oldamur Hollóczki
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4+6, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Martin Korth
- Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Universität Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Barbara Kirchner
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4+6, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
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49
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Advances in the Knowledge of N-Heterocyclic Carbenes Properties. The Backing of the Electrochemical Investigation. Catalysts 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/catal6110178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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50
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Firaha DS, Kirchner B. Tuning the Carbon Dioxide Absorption in Amino Acid Ionic Liquids. CHEMSUSCHEM 2016; 9:1591-1599. [PMID: 27214652 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201600126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
One of the possible solutions to prevent global climate change is the reduction of CO2 emissions, which is highly desired for the sustainable development of our society. In this work, the chemical absorption of carbon dioxide in amino acid ionic liquids was studied through first-principles methods. The use of readily accessible and biodegradable amino acids as building blocks for ionic liquids makes them highly promising replacements for the widely applied hazardous aqueous solutions of amines. A detailed insight into the reaction mechanism of the CO2 absorption was obtained through state-of-the-art theoretical methods. This allowed us to determine the reason for the specific CO2 capacities found experimentally. Moreover, we have also conducted a theoretical design of ionic liquids to provide valuable insights into the precise tuning of the energetic and kinetic parameters of the CO2 absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dzmitry S Firaha
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, University of Bonn, Beringstrasse 4+6, Bonn, 53115, Germany), Fax: (+49) 0228/73-60442, Tel: (+49) 0228/73-9064
| | - Barbara Kirchner
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, University of Bonn, Beringstrasse 4+6, Bonn, 53115, Germany), Fax: (+49) 0228/73-60442, Tel: (+49) 0228/73-9064.
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