1
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Smith JD, Chen R, Osores NN, Gopalan P. Porous Morphology of High Grafting Density Mixed Polyelectrolyte Brushes Grown from a Y-Inimer Coating. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:10623-10633. [PMID: 38726951 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Mixed A/B polyelectrolyte (PE) brushes of opposite charges are grown from a Y-shaped initiator-bearing coating to facilitate intimate mixing of the A and B polyelectrolytes in a 1:1 grafting ratio. The design of the Y-shaped inimer includes both ATRP and NMP initiators attached to a common Y-junction. A copolymer of a Y-shaped inimer with glycidyl methacrylate is cross-linked to the substrate resulting in a stable ultrathin coating decorated with Y-shaped initiators. Weak PE A/B mixed brushes based on poly(methacrylic acid)/poly(2-vinylpyridine) (PMAA/P2VP) with a high grafting density of ∼1 chain/nm2 are grown by surface-initiated ATRP and NMP, respectively. Detailed morphological characterization of the PMAA/P2VP brushes in response to pH changes reveals a nanoporous morphology under conditions that maximize complex coacervate formation between oppositely charged brushes. The charge ratio between the A and B brushes is varied via the composition of the brushes to further study the morphology evolution. The effect of intimate contact between the A and B brushes on the morphology is probed by comparing with a mixed A/B PE system with random fluctuations in grafting composition. A quantitative and qualitative study of the pore evolution with pH as well as charge composition is presented using a combination of atomic force microscopy, water contact angle measurement, and image analysis using Gwyddion software. These studies demonstrate that the porous morphology is enhanced and most uniform when the brushes are grown from the Y-inimer, indicating that a 1:1 grafting ratio and intimate contact between A and B brushes are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia D Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Ri Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Nicolas Noriega Osores
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Padma Gopalan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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2
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Parmanbek N, Sütekin DS, Barsbay M, Mashentseva AA, Zheltov DA, Aimanova NA, Jakupova ZY, Zdorovets MV. Hybrid PET Track-Etched Membranes Grafted by Well-Defined Poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) Brushes and Loaded with Silver Nanoparticles for the Removal of As(III). Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14194026. [PMID: 36235974 PMCID: PMC9570698 DOI: 10.3390/polym14194026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoporous track-etched membranes (TeM) are promising materials as adsorbents to remove toxic pollutants, but control over the pore diameter and density in addition to precise functionalization of nanochannels is crucial for controlling the surface area and efficiency of TeMs. This study reported the synthesis of functionalized PET TeMs as high-capacity sorbents for the removal of trivalent arsenic, As(III), which is more mobile and about 60 times more toxic than As(V). Nanochannels of PET-TeMs were functionalized by UV-initiated reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT)-mediated grafting of 2-(dimethyamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA), allowing precise control of the degree of grafting and graft lengths within the nanochannels. Ag NPs were then loaded onto PDMAEMA-g-PET to provide a hybrid sorbent for As(III) removal. The As(III) removal efficiency of Ag@PDMAEMA-g-PET, PDMAEMA-g-PET, and pristine PET TeM was compared by adsorption kinetics studies at various pH and sorption times. The adsorption of As(III) by Ag@DMAEMA-g-PET and DMAEMA-g-PET TeMs was found to follow the Freundlich mechanism and a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. After 10 h, As(III) removal efficiencies were 85.6% and 56% for Ag@PDMAEMA-g-PET and PDMAEMA-g-PET, respectively, while PET template had a very low arsenic sorption capacity of 17.5% at optimal pH of 4.0, indicating that both PDMAEMA grafting and Ag-NPs loading significantly increased the As(III) removal capacity of PET-TeMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nursanat Parmanbek
- The Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty 050032, Kazakhstan
- Department of Chemistry, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan 010008, Kazakhstan
| | - Duygu S. Sütekin
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Murat Barsbay
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Anastassiya A. Mashentseva
- The Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty 050032, Kazakhstan
- Department of Chemistry, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan 010008, Kazakhstan
- Correspondence:
| | - Dmitriy A. Zheltov
- The Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty 050032, Kazakhstan
| | - Nurgulim A. Aimanova
- The Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty 050032, Kazakhstan
| | - Zhanar Ye. Jakupova
- Department of Chemistry, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan 010008, Kazakhstan
| | - Maxim V. Zdorovets
- The Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty 050032, Kazakhstan
- Engineering Profile Laboratory, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan 010008, Kazakhstan
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3
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Salminen L, Karjalainen E, Aseyev V, Tenhu H. Phase Separation of Aqueous Poly(diisopropylaminoethyl methacrylate) upon Heating. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:5135-5148. [PMID: 34752116 PMCID: PMC9069861 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Poly(diisopropylaminoethyl methacrylate) (PDPA) is a pH- and thermally responsive water-soluble polymer. This study deepens the understanding of its phase separation behavior upon heating. Phase separation upon heating was investigated in salt solutions of varying pH and ionic strength. The effect of the counterion on the phase transition upon heating is clearly demonstrated for chloride-, phosphate-, and citrate-anions. Phase separation did not occur in pure water. The buffer solutions exhibited similar cloud points, but phase separation occurred in different pH ranges and with different mechanisms. The solution behavior of a block copolymer comprising poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) and PDPA was investigated. Since the PDMAEMA and PDPA blocks phase separate within different pH- and temperature ranges, the block copolymer forms micelle-like structures at high temperature or pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Salminen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, A.I. Virtasen aukio
1, FIN-00014 HY Helsinki, Finland
| | - Erno Karjalainen
- VTT
Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT Espoo, Finland
| | - Vladimir Aseyev
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, A.I. Virtasen aukio
1, FIN-00014 HY Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heikki Tenhu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, A.I. Virtasen aukio
1, FIN-00014 HY Helsinki, Finland
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4
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Santos DES, Li D, Ramstedt M, Gautrot JE, Soares TA. Conformational Dynamics and Responsiveness of Weak and Strong Polyelectrolyte Brushes: Atomistic Simulations of Poly(dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate) and Poly(2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl trimethylammonium chloride). LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:5037-5049. [PMID: 30869897 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b04268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The complex solution behavior of polymer brushes is key to control their properties, including for biomedical applications and catalysis. The swelling behavior of poly(dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) and poly(2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl trimethylammonium chloride) (PMETAC) in response to changes in pH, solvent, and salt types has been investigated using atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. PDMAEMA and PMETAC have been selected as canonical models for weak and strong polyelectrolytes whose complex conformational behavior is particularly challenging for the development and validation of atomistic models. The GROMOS-derived atomic parameters reproduce the experimental swelling coefficients obtained from ellipsometry measurements for brushes of 5-15 nm thickness. The present atomistic models capture the protonated morphology of PDMAEMA, the swollen and collapsed conformations of PDMAEMA and PMETAC in good and bad solvents, and the salt-selective response of PMETAC. The modular nature of the molecular models allows for the simple extension of atomic parameters to a variety of polymers or copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denys E S Santos
- Departamento de Química Fundamental , Universidade Federal de Pernambuco , Cidade Universitária, 50670-901 Recife , Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Thereza A Soares
- Departamento de Química Fundamental , Universidade Federal de Pernambuco , Cidade Universitária, 50670-901 Recife , Brazil
- Department of Chemistry , Umeå University , 90187 Umeå , Sweden
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5
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Smart, biocompatible, responsive surfaces on pH, temperature and ionic strength of titanium oxide and niobium oxide with polymer brushes of poly(acrylic acid), poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and poly([2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] trimethylammonium chloride). Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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6
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Xu X, Billing M, Ruths M, Klok HA, Yu J. Structure and Functionality of Polyelectrolyte Brushes: A Surface Force Perspective. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:3411-3436. [PMID: 30080310 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201800920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The unique functionality of polyelectrolyte brushes depends on several types of specific interactions, including solvent structure effects, hydrophobic forces, electrostatic interactions, and specific ion interactions. Subtle variations in the solution environment can lead to conformational and surface structural changes of the polyelectrolyte brushes, which are mainly discussed from a surface-interaction perspective in this Focus Review. A brief overview is given of recent theoretical and experimental progress in the structure of polyelectrolyte brushes in various environments. Two important techniques for surface-force measurements are described, the surface forces apparatus (SFA) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), and some recent results on polyelectrolyte brushes are shown. Lastly, this Focus Review highlights the use of these surface-grafted polyelectrolyte brushes in the creation of functional surfaces for various applications, including nonfouling surfaces, boundary lubricants, and stimuli-responsive surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.,Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA
| | - Mark Billing
- Institut des Matériaux et Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Bâtiment MXD, Station 12, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marina Ruths
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA
| | - Harm-Anton Klok
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.,Institut des Matériaux et Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Bâtiment MXD, Station 12, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jing Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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7
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Ramirez R, Woodcock J, Kilbey SM. ARGET-ATRP synthesis and swelling response of compositionally varied poly(methacrylic acid-co-N,N-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate) polyampholyte brushes. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:6290-6302. [PMID: 30014055 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm00882e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Modifying the composition of polyampholytes, which are comprised of charge-positive and charge-negative repeat units, directly contributes to trade-offs between charge and structure, which are externally regulated by solution pH and added salt. Here, the relative ratio of anionic and cationic comonomers is varied to tailor the stimuli-responsiveness of poly(methacrylic acid-co-N,N-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (P(MAA-co-DEAEMA)) brushes to changes in solution pH and an added zwitterion. These systems display a strong dependence on excess repeating units of either type and the random incorporation appears to facilitate self-neutralization of charges. Pseudo-living growth with smooth comonomer incorporation is achieved using activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (ARGET ATRP), creating well-defined brushes. In situ ellipsometry measurements of solvated brush thickness indicate that at low and high pH, the brushes display polyelectrolyte behavior with a strong compositional dependence, but at intermediate pH values, the brushes show the characteristic collapse attributed to self-neutralization of polyampholytes. The polyampholyte brushes maintain these patterns of behavior across all compositions and in the presence of an added zwitterion, which contributes additional hydrophobic character as evidenced by decreases in the swollen layer thicknesses. The response of the P(MAA-co-DEAEMA) brushes to the organic osmolyte betaine is consistent with its tendency to stabilize proteins and peptides in a kosmotropic fashion. These studies add perspective to efforts to manipulate sequence in polyampholytic polymers, support broader efforts to tailor interfacial soft films for applications in biotechnology and sensing, and understand aggregation and stability of biological polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Ramirez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA.
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8
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Xu B, Zheng H, Zhou H, Wang Y, Luo K, Zhao C, Peng Y, Zheng X. Adsorptive removal of anionic dyes by chitosan-based magnetic microspheres with pH-responsive properties. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.02.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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9
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Removal of metal ions and humic acids through polyetherimide membrane with grafted bentonite clay. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4665. [PMID: 29549259 PMCID: PMC5856751 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22837-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional surfaces and polymers with branched structures have a major impact on physicochemical properties and performance of membrane materials. With the aim of greener approach for enhancement of permeation, fouling resistance and detrimental heavy metal ion rejection capacity of polyetherimide membrane, novel grafting of poly (4-styrenesulfonate) brushes on low cost, natural bentonite was carried out via distillation-precipitation polymerisation method and employed as a performance modifier. It has been demonstrated that, modified bentonite clay exhibited significant improvement in the hydrophilicity, porosity, and water uptake capacity with 3 wt. % of additive dosage. SEM and AFM analysis showed the increase in macrovoides and surface roughness with increased additive concentration. Moreover, the inclusion of modified bentonite displayed an increase in permeation rate and high anti-irreversible fouling properties with reversible fouling ratio of 75.6%. The humic acid rejection study revealed that, PEM-3 membrane having rejection efficiency up to 87.6% and foulants can be easily removed by simple hydraulic cleaning. Further, nanocomposite membranes can be significantly employed for the removal of hazardous heavy metal ions with a rejection rate of 80% and its tentative mechanism was discussed. Conspicuously, bentonite clay-bearing poly (4-styrenesulfonate) brushes are having a synergistic effect on physicochemical properties of nanocomposite membrane to enhance the performance in real field applications.
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10
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Murugan P, Ramar P, Mandal AB, Samanta D. Polymer brush on surface with tunable hydrophilicity using SAM formation of zwitterionic 4-vinylpyridine-based polymer. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj02971c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A zwitterionic vinylpyridine-based polymeric SAM was assembled on different surfaces to obtain tunable hydrophilicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Murugan
- Polymer Science & Technology Department, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute (CSIR-CLRI)
- Chennai-600020
- India
| | - P. Ramar
- Polymer Science & Technology Department, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute (CSIR-CLRI)
- Chennai-600020
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- India
| | - Asit Baran Mandal
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- India
- CSIR-CGCRI
- Kolkata
- India
| | - Debasis Samanta
- Polymer Science & Technology Department, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute (CSIR-CLRI)
- Chennai-600020
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- India
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11
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Fursule IA, Abtahi A, Watkins CB, Graham KR, Berron BJ. In situ crosslinking of surface-initiated ring opening metathesis polymerization of polynorbornene for improved stability. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 510:86-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Yang C, Chen L, Huang H, Lu Y, Yi J. Synthesis and properties of thermo-responsive azobenzene-based supramolecular dendronized copolymer. Polym Bull (Berl) 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-017-2255-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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13
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Zoppe JO, Ataman NC, Mocny P, Wang J, Moraes J, Klok HA. Surface-Initiated Controlled Radical Polymerization: State-of-the-Art, Opportunities, and Challenges in Surface and Interface Engineering with Polymer Brushes. Chem Rev 2017; 117:1105-1318. [PMID: 28135076 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 578] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The generation of polymer brushes by surface-initiated controlled radical polymerization (SI-CRP) techniques has become a powerful approach to tailor the chemical and physical properties of interfaces and has given rise to great advances in surface and interface engineering. Polymer brushes are defined as thin polymer films in which the individual polymer chains are tethered by one chain end to a solid interface. Significant advances have been made over the past years in the field of polymer brushes. This includes novel developments in SI-CRP, as well as the emergence of novel applications such as catalysis, electronics, nanomaterial synthesis and biosensing. Additionally, polymer brushes prepared via SI-CRP have been utilized to modify the surface of novel substrates such as natural fibers, polymer nanofibers, mesoporous materials, graphene, viruses and protein nanoparticles. The last years have also seen exciting advances in the chemical and physical characterization of polymer brushes, as well as an ever increasing set of computational and simulation tools that allow understanding and predictions of these surface-grafted polymer architectures. The aim of this contribution is to provide a comprehensive review that critically assesses recent advances in the field and highlights the opportunities and challenges for future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin O Zoppe
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nariye Cavusoglu Ataman
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Piotr Mocny
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jian Wang
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - John Moraes
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Harm-Anton Klok
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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14
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Chang B, Zhang B, Sun T. Smart Polymers with Special Wettability. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2017; 13. [PMID: 27008568 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201503472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Revised: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Surface wettability plays a key role in addressing issues ranging from basic life activities to our daily life, and thus being able to control it is an attractive goal. Learning from nature, both of its structure and function, brings us much inspiration in designing smart polymers to tackle this major challenge. Life functions particularly depend on biomolecular recognition-induced interfacial properties from the aqueous phase onto either "soft" cell and tissue or "hard" inorganic bone and tooth surfaces. The driving force is noncovalent weak interactions rather than strong covalent combinations. An overview is provided of the weak interactions that perform vital actions in mediating biological processes, which serve as a basis for elaborating multi-component polymers with special wettabilities. The role of smart polymers from molecular recognitions to macroscopic properties are highlighted. The rationale is that highly selective weak interactions are capable of creating a dynamic synergetic communication in the building components of polymers. Biomolecules could selectively induce conformational transitions of polymer chains, and then drive a switching of physicochemical properties, e.g., roughness, stiffness and compositions, which are an integrated embodiment of macroscopic surface wettabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baisong Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Bei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Taolei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
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15
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Lu Y, Ballauff M. Spherical polyelectrolyte brushes as nanoreactors for the generation of metallic and oxidic nanoparticles: Synthesis and application in catalysis. Prog Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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16
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Yu J, Mao J, Yuan G, Satija S, Jiang Z, Chen W, Tirrell M. Structure of Polyelectrolyte Brushes in the Presence of Multivalent Counterions. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yu
- Institute
for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Jun Mao
- Institute
for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Guangcui Yuan
- NIST
Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-6102, United States
- Department
of Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 43250, United States
| | - Sushil Satija
- NIST
Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-6102, United States
| | | | - Wei Chen
- Institute
for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Matthew Tirrell
- Institute
for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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17
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Zhu Y, Gao S, Hu L, Jin J. Thermoresponsive Ultrathin Membranes with Precisely Tuned Nanopores for High-Flux Separation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:13607-13614. [PMID: 27177239 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b03389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
With the growing demand for small- and large-scale bioprocesses, advanced membranes with high energy efficiency are highly required. However, conventional polymer-based membranes often have to sacrifice selectivity for permeability. In this work, we report the fabrication of a thermoresponsive composite ultrathin membrane with precisely controlled nanopores for high-throughput separation. The composite membrane is made by grafting a PEG analogue thermoresponsive copolymer onto an ultrathin single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) membrane via π-π interaction with no use of the common "grafting from" synthesis approach. The composite membrane exhibits ultrahigh water permeation flux as high as 6430 L m(-2) h(-1) at 40 °C, and more importantly, the pore size of the membrane could be finely adjusted by utilizing the thermoresponsive property of the grafted copolymer. With the temperature changing below and above the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the copolymer, the effective pore size of the membrane can be tuned precisely between approximately 12 and 14 nm, which could be applied to effectively separate materials with very small size differences through size sieving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhang Zhu
- i-Lab and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shoujian Gao
- i-Lab and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Liang Hu
- i-Lab and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jian Jin
- i-Lab and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123, China
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18
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Yadav V, Harkin AV, Robertson ML, Conrad JC. Hysteretic memory in pH-response of water contact angle on poly(acrylic acid) brushes. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:3589-3599. [PMID: 26979270 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm03134f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the pH-dependent response of flat polyacid brushes of varying length and dispersity in the extended brush regime. Our model system consisted of poly(acrylic acid) brushes, which change from hydrophobic and neutral at low pH to hydrophilic and negatively charged at high pH, synthesized on silicon substrates using a grafting-from approach at constant grafting density. We observed three trends in the pH-response: first, the dry brush thickness increased as the pH was increased for brushes above a critical length, and this effect was magnified as the dispersity increased; second, the water contact angle measured at low pH was larger for brushes of greater dispersity; and third, brushes of sufficient dispersity exhibited hysteretic memory behavior in the pH-dependence of the contact angle, in which the contact angle upon increasing and decreasing pH differed. As a consequence, the pKa of the brushes measured upon increasing pH was consistently higher than that measured upon decreasing pH. The observed pH response is consistent with proposed changes in the conformation and charge distribution of the polyelectrolyte brushes that depend on the direction of pH change and the dispersity of the brushes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Yadav
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-4004, USA.
| | - Adrienne V Harkin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-4004, USA.
| | - Megan L Robertson
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-4004, USA.
| | - Jacinta C Conrad
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-4004, USA.
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19
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Zhang J, Li M. Covalent Grafting of Tethered Homopolymer Film on p-Si(100). LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:3746-3753. [PMID: 27022762 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Covalent grafting of a homopolymer film onto a p-Si(100) surface was performed by use of surface electroinitiated emulsion polymerization. This polymerization method was one-step and cost-effective, and worked in the aqueous dispersed media containing both nitrobenzenediazonium (NBD) tetrafluoroborate and methyl methacrylate (MMA) monomer. NBD was reduced in the vicinity of substrate at the cut-on voltage of the pulsed voltage and was successively grafted on a Si surface, leading to a polynitrophenyl (PNP) layer. The reduction of NBD simultaneously initiated the polymerization of MMA. The resulting PMMA macroradicals in the solution can react with the previously grafted PNP at the cutoff voltage of the pulsed voltage for thickening the polymer film. The prepared polymer layer completely covered the Si surface, as investigated by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques. Importantly, chemical components and the thickness of the grafted polymer film were well controlled by the applied voltage and the charge flow passing through the Si electrode. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurement further confirmed the Si-C bond between the polymer layer and the Si substrate. The homopolymer film was extremely effective in protecting the underlying Si from atmospheric oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Material Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Material Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
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20
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Palivan CG, Goers R, Najer A, Zhang X, Car A, Meier W. Bioinspired polymer vesicles and membranes for biological and medical applications. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:377-411. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00569h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 413] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Biological membranes play an essential role in living organisms by providing stable and functional compartments, supporting signalling and selective transport. Combining synthetic polymer membranes with biological molecules promises to be an effective strategy to mimic the functions of cell membranes and apply them in artificial systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roland Goers
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Basel
- CH-4056 Basel
- Switzerland
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering
| | - Adrian Najer
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Basel
- CH-4056 Basel
- Switzerland
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Basel
- CH-4056 Basel
- Switzerland
| | - Anja Car
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Basel
- CH-4056 Basel
- Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Meier
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Basel
- CH-4056 Basel
- Switzerland
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21
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Gao K, Kearney LT, Wang R, Howarter JA. Enhanced Wettability and Transport Control of Ultrafiltration and Reverse Osmosis Membranes with Grafted Polyelectrolytes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:24839-24847. [PMID: 26484936 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b08046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
End-functionalized poly(acrylic acid) (PAA-silane) was synthesized with reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization and attached to both polysulfone ultrafiltration (UF) and polyamide reverse osmosis (RO) membranes through a nonimpairing, one-step grafting to approach in order to improve membrane surface wettability with minimal impact on membrane transport performance. After PAA grafting, composition and morphology changes on the membrane surface were characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Static contact angle on PAA grafted membranes exhibited an increase in surface hydrophilicity and hence a potential enhancement in antifouling performance. The native contact angle on the polysulfone membrane systems was 86° and was reduced to 24° after modification, while the polyamide film contact angle decreased from 58° to 25°. The PAA layer endowed the porous UF membrane with dynamic control over the permeability and selectivity through the manipulation of the solution pH. The UF membrane with a 35 nm average pore size displayed a 115% increase in flux when the contact solution was changed from pH 11 to pH 3. This effect was diminished to 70% and 32% as the average pore size decreased to 20 and 10 nm, respectively. Modified RO membranes displayed no reduction in membrane performance indicating that the underlying materials were unaffected by the modification environment or added polymer. Model polyamide and polysulfone surfaces were reacted with the PAA-silane inside a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) to help inform the deposition behavior for the respective membrane chemistries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Gao
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University , 701 West Stadium Avenue, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Logan T Kearney
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University , 701 West Stadium Avenue, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Ruocun Wang
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University , 701 West Stadium Avenue, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - John A Howarter
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University , 701 West Stadium Avenue, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Division of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Purdue University , 500 Central Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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22
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Boyer C, Corrigan NA, Jung K, Nguyen D, Nguyen TK, Adnan NNM, Oliver S, Shanmugam S, Yeow J. Copper-Mediated Living Radical Polymerization (Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization and Copper(0) Mediated Polymerization): From Fundamentals to Bioapplications. Chem Rev 2015; 116:1803-949. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 356] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cyrille Boyer
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, and ‡Centre for Advanced
Macromolecular
Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Nathaniel Alan Corrigan
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, and ‡Centre for Advanced
Macromolecular
Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Kenward Jung
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, and ‡Centre for Advanced
Macromolecular
Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Diep Nguyen
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, and ‡Centre for Advanced
Macromolecular
Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Thuy-Khanh Nguyen
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, and ‡Centre for Advanced
Macromolecular
Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Nik Nik M. Adnan
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, and ‡Centre for Advanced
Macromolecular
Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Susan Oliver
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, and ‡Centre for Advanced
Macromolecular
Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Sivaprakash Shanmugam
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, and ‡Centre for Advanced
Macromolecular
Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Jonathan Yeow
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, and ‡Centre for Advanced
Macromolecular
Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
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23
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Qu Z, Xu H, Gu H. Synthesis and Biomedical Applications of Poly((meth)acrylic acid) Brushes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:14537-14551. [PMID: 26067846 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b02912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Poly((meth)acrylic acid) (P(M)AA) brushes possess a number of distinctive properties that are particularly attractive for biomedical applications. This minireview summarizes recent advances in the synthesis and biomedical applications of P(M)AA brushes and brushes containing P(M)AA segments. First, we review different surface-initiated polymerization (SIP) methods, with a focus on recent progress in the surface-initiated controlled/living radical polymerization (SI-CLRP) techniques used to generate P(M)AA brushes with a tailored structure. Next, we discuss biomolecule immobilization methods for P(M)AA brushes, including physical adsorption, covalent binding, and affinity interactions. Finally, typical biomedical applications of P(M)AA brushes are reviewed, and their performance is discussed based on their unique properties. We conclude that P(M)AA brushes are promising biomaterials, and more potential biomedical applications are expected to emerge with the further development of synthetic techniques and increased understanding of their interactions with biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyuan Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Hong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Hongchen Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick C. Prehn
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Stephen G. Boyes
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
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25
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Lee HS, Dastgheyb SS, Hickok NJ, Eckmann DM, Composto RJ. Targeted release of tobramycin from a pH-responsive grafted bilayer challenged with S. aureus. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:650-9. [PMID: 25585173 DOI: 10.1021/bm501751v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A stimuli-responsive, controlled release bilayer for the prevention of bacterial infection on biomaterials is presented. Drug release is locally controlled by the pH-responsiveness of the bilayer, comprised of an inner poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) monolayer grafted to a biomaterial and cross-linked with an outer chitosan (CH) brush. Tobramycin (TOB) is loaded in the inner PAA in part to minimize bacteria resistance. Because biofilm formation causes a decrease in local pH, TOB is released from PAA and permeates through the CH, which is in contact with the biofilm. Antibiotic capacity is controlled by the PAA thickness, which depends on PAA brush length and the extent of cross-linking between CH and PAA at the bilayer interface. This TOB-loaded, pH-responsive bilayer exhibits significantly enhanced antibacterial activity relative to controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Su Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and ‡Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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26
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Biocompatible SiO 2in the Fabrication of Stimuli-Responsive Hybrid Composites and Their Application Potential. J CHEM-NY 2015. [DOI: 10.1155/2015/846328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Organic/inorganic hybrid composite materials have been extensively studied as they combine the properties of inorganic material and organic polymer. Among the inorganic material biocompatible silica (SiO2) is an interesting candidate for application in biotechnology because such material is wide spread in nature as well as in medicine. During the last few decades, stimuli-responsive polymers are drawing much attention from the researchers for application versatility such as target-specific delivery of drug and corrosion inhibitors. Considering the biocompatibility and many such important properties as high cargo loading capacity, long blood circulation lifetime, enhanced permeability and retention, mechanical strength, and easy processability, combination of SiO2particles with stimuli-responsive polymers is gaining attention over the last decade. This review article will report the progress made towards the development and application of stimuli-responsive hybrid composites based on SiO2.
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27
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Alswieleh A, Cheng N, Canton I, Ustbas B, Xue X, Ladmiral V, Xia S, Ducker R, El Zubir O, Cartron ML, Hunter CN, Leggett GJ, Armes SP. Zwitterionic poly(amino acid methacrylate) brushes. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:9404-13. [PMID: 24884533 PMCID: PMC4195379 DOI: 10.1021/ja503400r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A new cysteine-based methacrylic monomer (CysMA) was conveniently synthesized via selective thia-Michael addition of a commercially available methacrylate-acrylate precursor in aqueous solution without recourse to protecting group chemistry. Poly(cysteine methacrylate) (PCysMA) brushes were grown from the surface of silicon wafers by atom-transfer radical polymerization. Brush thicknesses of ca. 27 nm were achieved within 270 min at 20 °C. Each CysMA residue comprises a primary amine and a carboxylic acid. Surface zeta potential and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies of the pH-responsive PCysMA brushes confirm that they are highly extended either below pH 2 or above pH 9.5, since they possess either cationic or anionic character, respectively. At intermediate pH, PCysMA brushes are zwitterionic. At physiological pH, they exhibit excellent resistance to biofouling and negligible cytotoxicity. PCysMA brushes undergo photodegradation: AFM topographical imaging indicates significant mass loss from the brush layer, while XPS studies confirm that exposure to UV radiation produces surface aldehyde sites that can be subsequently derivatized with amines. UV exposure using a photomask yielded sharp, well-defined micropatterned PCysMA brushes functionalized with aldehyde groups that enable conjugation to green fluorescent protein (GFP). Nanopatterned PCysMA brushes were obtained using interference lithography, and confocal microscopy again confirmed the selective conjugation of GFP. Finally, PCysMA undergoes complex base-catalyzed degradation in alkaline solution, leading to the elimination of several small molecules. However, good long-term chemical stability was observed when PCysMA brushes were immersed in aqueous solution at physiological pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah
M. Alswieleh
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, United
Kingdom
| | - Nan Cheng
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, United
Kingdom
| | - Irene Canton
- Department
of Biomedical Science, The University of
Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Burcin Ustbas
- Department
of Biomedical Science, The University of
Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Xuan Xue
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, United
Kingdom
| | - Vincent Ladmiral
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, United
Kingdom
| | - Sijing Xia
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, United
Kingdom
| | - Robert
E. Ducker
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, United
Kingdom
| | - Osama El Zubir
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, United
Kingdom
| | - Michael L. Cartron
- Department
of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - C. Neil Hunter
- Department
of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Graham J. Leggett
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, United
Kingdom
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, United
Kingdom
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28
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Chemical and morphological characterization of sulfonated polystyrene brushes in different environments. Eur Polym J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2013.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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29
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Affinity separation of lectins using porous membranes immobilized with glycopolymer brushes containing mannose or N-acetyl-d-glucosamine. MEMBRANES 2013; 3:169-81. [PMID: 24956944 PMCID: PMC4021937 DOI: 10.3390/membranes3030169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2013] [Revised: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Porous membranes with glycopolymer brushes were prepared as biomaterials for affinity separation. Glycopolymer brushes contained acrylic acid and D-mannose or N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, and were formed on substrates by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization. The presence of glycopolymer brush was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, contact angle, and ellipsometry measurements. The interaction between lectin and the glycopolymer immobilized on glass slides was confirmed using fluorescent-labeled proteins. Glycopolymer-immobilized surfaces exhibited specific adsorption of the corresponding lectin, compared with bovine serum albumin. Lectins were continuously rejected by the glycopolymer-immobilized membranes. When the protein solution was permeated through the glycopolymer-immobilized membrane, bovine serum albumin was not adsorbed on the membrane surface. In contrast, concanavalin A and wheat germ agglutinin were rejected by membranes incorporating D-mannose or N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, respectively. The amounts of adsorbed concanavalin A and wheat germ agglutinin was increased five- and two-fold that of adsorbed bovine serum albumin, respectively.
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30
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Schenderlein H, Voss A, Stark RW, Biesalski M. Preparation and characterization of light-switchable polymer networks attached to solid substrates. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:4525-4534. [PMID: 23461870 DOI: 10.1021/la305073p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Surface-attached polymer networks that carry light-responsive nitrospiropyran groups in a hydrophilic PDMAA matrix were prepared on planar silicon and glass surfaces and were characterized with respect to their switching behavior under the influence of an external light trigger. Functional polymers bearing light-responsive units as well as photo-cross-linkable benzophenone groups were first synthesized using free radical copolymerization. The number of spiropyran groups in the copolymer was controlled by adjusting the concentration of the respective monomer in the copolymerization feed. The polymer films were prepared by spin-coating the functional polymers from solution and by ultraviolet light (UV)-induced cross-linking utilizing benzophenone photochemistry. On substrates with immobilized benzophenone groups, the complete polymer network is linked to the surface. The dry thickness of the films can be controlled over a wide range from a few nanometers up to more than 1 μm. The integration of such light-switchable organic moieties into a surface-attached polymer network allows one to increase the overall number of light-responsive groups per surface area by adjusting the amount of surface-attached polymer networks. The spiropyran's function in dry (solvent-free) and swollen polymer films can be reversibly switched by UV and visible irradiation. In addition, the switching in water is faster than in the dry state. Therefore, implementing light-responsive spiropyran functions in polymer films linked to solid surfaces could allow for switching of the chemical and optical surface properties in a fast and spatially controlled fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helge Schenderlein
- Ernst-Berl-Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Chair for Macromolecular & Paper Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Petersenstrasse 22, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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31
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32
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Lee HS, Yee MQ, Eckmann YY, Hickok NJ, Eckmann DM, Composto RJ. Reversible Swelling of Chitosan and Quaternary Ammonium Modified Chitosan Brush Layers: Effect of pH and Counter Anion Size and Functionality. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY 2012; 22:19605-19616. [PMID: 23209343 PMCID: PMC3510778 DOI: 10.1039/c2jm34316a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates the swelling of grafted polycationic brushes as a function of pH and anion type. The brushes are chitosan (CH) and chitosans with 27% and 51% degree of substitution (DS) of quaternary ammonium salt, denoted as CH-Q(25) and CH-Q(50), respectively. The water content and swelling behaviors are monitored using in situ quartz-crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D). The pH varies from ~3.5 to 8.5, and the counter anion types include chloride, acetate, and citrate. At fixed pH, the water content and brush swelling increase as the DS increases. Whereas the CH-Q(50) brush layer shows symmetric swelling with a minimum near pH = 4.5, the swelling of CH and CH-Q(25) is relatively constant as pH decreases from 8.2 to 5.5, and then begins to increase near pH 4. These studies indicate that the symmetric swelling of CH-Q(50) is likely attributed to increasing protonation of primary amines for pH values below pH 6.5 and the quaternary ammonium salts above pH 6.5. At pH 4, the swelling of the CH brush increases upon exchanging the smaller chloridewith a bulkier acetate anion, which is less effective at screening intra/inter molecular repulsion. In contrast, upon exchanging the acetate with trifunctional citrate, CH and CH-Q(25) brushes collapse by 53 and 42%, respectively, because the citrate forms ionic cross-links. To test antibacterial properties, silicon oxide, CH and CH-Q(50) brush layers are exposed to 10(7)-10(8) cfu/ml of S. aureus for two days at 37 °C and exposed to stepped shear stresses in 2 min intervals. Whereas an S. aureus biofilm adheres strongly to silicon oxide and CH for stresses up to 12 dyne/cm(2), biofilms on CH-Q(50) detach at a relatively low shear stress, 1.5 dyne/cm(2). Due to their high degree of swelling that can be tuned via pH, counterion size and type, chitosan and quaternary modified chitosans have potential as responsive coatings for applications including MEMS/NEMS devices and drug eluting implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Su Lee
- Institute of Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Michael Q. Yee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Yonaton Y. Eckmann
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Noreen J. Hickok
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, United States
| | - David M. Eckmann
- Institute of Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Russell J. Composto
- Institute of Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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33
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Li X, Prukop SL, Biswal SL, Verduzco R. Surface Properties of Bottlebrush Polymer Thin Films. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma301046n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xianyu Li
- Department of Chemical
and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005,
United States
| | - Stacy L. Prukop
- Department of Chemical
and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005,
United States
| | - Sibani Lisa Biswal
- Department of Chemical
and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005,
United States
| | - Rafael Verduzco
- Department of Chemical
and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005,
United States
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34
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Surface treatment of polymeric materials controlling the adhesion of biomolecules. J Funct Biomater 2012; 3:528-43. [PMID: 24955631 PMCID: PMC4030997 DOI: 10.3390/jfb3030528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Revised: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This review describes different strategies of surface elaboration for a better control of biomolecule adsorption. After a brief description of the fundamental interactions between surfaces and biomolecules, various routes of surface elaboration are presented dealing with the attachment of functional groups mostly thanks to plasma techniques, with the grafting to and from methods, and with the adsorption of surfactants. The grafting of stimuli-responsive polymers is also pointed out. Then, the discussion is focused on the protein adsorption phenomena showing how their interactions with solid surfaces are complex. The adsorption mechanism is proved to be dependent on the solid surface physicochemical properties as well as on the surface and conformation properties of the proteins. Different behaviors are also reported for complex multiple protein solutions.
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35
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Galvin CJ, Genzer J. Applications of surface-grafted macromolecules derived from post-polymerization modification reactions. Prog Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2011.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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36
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Coad BR, Lu Y, Meagher L. A substrate-independent method for surface grafting polymer layers by atom transfer radical polymerization: reduction of protein adsorption. Acta Biomater 2012; 8:608-18. [PMID: 22023749 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2011.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2011] [Revised: 08/31/2011] [Accepted: 10/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A general method for producing low-fouling biomaterials on any surface by surface-initiated grafting of polymer brushes is presented. Our procedure uses radiofrequency glow discharge thin film deposition followed by macro-initiator coupling and then surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) to prepare neutral polymer brushes on planar substrates. Coatings were produced on substrates with variable interfacial composition and mechanical properties such as hard inorganic/metal substrates (silicon and gold) or flexible (perfluorinated poly(ethylene-co-propylene) film) and rigid (microtitre plates) polymeric materials. First, surfaces were functionalized via deposition of an allylamine plasma polymer thin film followed by covalent coupling of a macro-initiator composed partly of ATRP initiator groups. Successful grafting of a hydrophilic polymer layer was achieved by SI-ATRP of N,N'-dimethylacrylamide in aqueous media at room temperature. We exemplified how this method could be used to create surface coatings with significantly reduced protein adsorption on different material substrates. Protein binding experiments using labelled human serum albumin on grafted materials resulted in quantitative evidence for low-fouling compared to control surfaces.
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37
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Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(acrylic acid) Brushes: “Grafting-Onto” Route. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201100394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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38
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Jhon YK, Arifuzzaman S, Özçam AE, Kiserow DJ, Genzer J. Formation of polyampholyte brushes via controlled radical polymerization and their assembly in solution. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:872-882. [PMID: 22112235 DOI: 10.1021/la203697a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We describe the formation of polyampholytic block copolymer brushes and their assembly in solution. Specifically, we employ "surface-initiated" activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (ARGET-ATRP) sequentially to form diblock copolymer grafts comprising blocks of poly[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] (PDMAEMA) and poly(sodium methacrylate) (PNaMA) on flat impenetrable silica surfaces, i.e., SiO(x)/PNaMA-b-PDMAEMA and SiO(x)/PDMAEMA-b-PNaMA. Protonation of the PNaMA block results in formation of poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA). We demonstrate that ARGET-ATRP of NaMA provides a convenient route to preparation of PMAA, which is an alternative method to the more traditional approach based on preparing PMAA by polymerizing tert-butyl methacrylate (tBMA) followed by cleavage of the tert-butyl group. We also discuss conformational changes of the individual polyelectrolyte blocks in solution as a function of solution pH by monitoring adsorption behavior of functionalized polystyrene spheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young K Jhon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905, United States
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39
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Qu LJ, Man X, Han CC, Qiu D, Yan D. Responsive Behaviors of Diblock Polyampholyte Brushes within Self-Consistent Field Theory. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:743-50. [DOI: 10.1021/jp210165t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jian Qu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Joint Laboratory of Polymer Science and Materials, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xingkun Man
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Joint Laboratory of Polymer Science and Materials, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Charles C. Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Joint Laboratory of Polymer Science and Materials, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Dong Qiu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Joint Laboratory of Polymer Science and Materials, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Dadong Yan
- Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875
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40
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Meng D, Wang Q. Stimuli-response of charged diblock copolymer brushes. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:224904. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3665924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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41
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Lee HS, Eckmann DM, Lee D, Hickok NJ, Composto RJ. Symmetric pH-dependent swelling and antibacterial properties of chitosan brushes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:12458-65. [PMID: 21894981 PMCID: PMC3191253 DOI: 10.1021/la202616u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Charged polymer brushes grafted to surfaces are of great interest for antibacterial, biosensor, nanofluidic, and drug delivery applications. In this paper, chitosans with quaternary ammonium salts, CH-Q, were immobilized on silicon oxide and characterized by in situ quartz-crystal microbalance with dissipation, QCM-D, and in situ spectroscopic ellipsometry, SE. Both methods showed that the hydrated film exhibited a minimum thickness of ~40 nm near pH 5 that increased strongly (up to ~80 nm) at lower and higher pH. This symmetric swelling is surprising because CH-Q is a cationic polymer. The CH-Q grafted layer was stable for pH values from 3 to 8 and exhibited rapid, reversible swelling and contraction upon varying pH. The CH-Q layer also reduced S. aureus colonization by a factor of ~30× compared to bare silicon oxide and an amine terminated silane grafted to silicon oxide. This antibacterial characteristic of CH-Q is attributed to the quaternary ammonium salts and the flexible polymer brush.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Su Lee
- Institute of Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - David M. Eckmann
- Institute of Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Daeyeon Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Noreen J. Hickok
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Russell J. Composto
- Institute of Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
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42
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Weir MP, Heriot SY, Martin SJ, Parnell AJ, Holt SA, Webster JRP, Jones RAL. Voltage-induced swelling and deswelling of weak polybase brushes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:11000-7. [PMID: 21793596 DOI: 10.1021/la201343w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated a novel method of remotely switching the conformation of a weak polybase brush using an applied voltage. Surface-grafted polyelectrolyte brushes exhibit rich responsive behavior and show great promise as "smart surfaces", but existing switching methods involve physically or chemically changing the solution in contact with the brush. In this study, high grafting density poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) brushes were grown from silicon surfaces using atom transfer radical polymerization. Optical ellipsometry and neutron reflectivity were used to measure changes in the profiles of the brushes in response to DC voltages applied between the brush substrate and a parallel electrode some distance away in the surrounding liquid (water or D(2)O). Positive voltages were shown to cause swelling, while negative voltages in some cases caused deswelling. Neutron reflectometry experiments were carried out on the INTER reflectometer (ISIS, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK) allowing time-resolved measurements of polymer brush structure. The PDMAEMA brushes were shown to have a polymer volume fraction profile described by a Gaussian-terminated parabola both in the equilibrium and in the partially swollen states. At very high positive voltages (in this study, positive bias means positive voltage to the brush-bearing substrate), the brush chains were shown to be stretched to an extent comparable to their contour length, before being physically removed from the interface. Voltage-induced swelling was shown to exhibit a wider range of brush swelling states in comparison to pH switching, with the additional advantages that the stimulus is remotely controlled and may be fully automated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Weir
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Sheffield, Hicks Building, Hounsfield Road, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom.
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43
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Löbbicke R, Chanana M, Schlaad H, Pilz-Allen C, Günter C, Möhwald H, Taubert A. Polymer Brush Controlled Bioinspired Calcium Phosphate Mineralization and Bone Cell Growth. Biomacromolecules 2011; 12:3753-60. [DOI: 10.1021/bm200991b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Löbbicke
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, D-14476 Golm, Germany
| | - Munish Chanana
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Universitario, E-36310 Vigo, Spain
| | | | | | - Christina Günter
- Institute of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, D-14476 Golm, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Taubert
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, D-14476 Golm, Germany
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Yu Q, Li X, Zhang Y, Yuan L, Zhao T, Chen H. The synergistic effects of stimuli-responsive polymers with nano- structured surfaces: wettability and protein adsorption. RSC Adv 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ra00201e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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45
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Ostaci RV, Damiron D, Al Akhrass S, Grohens Y, Drockenmuller E. Poly(ethylene glycol) brushes grafted to silicon substrates by click chemistry: influence of PEG chain length, concentration in the grafting solution and reaction time. Polym Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0py00251h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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46
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Ma H, He J, Liu X, Gan J, Jin G, Zhou J. Surface initiated polymerization from substrates of low initiator density and its applications in biosensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2010; 2:3223-3230. [PMID: 20942448 DOI: 10.1021/am1006832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Surface initiated polymerization (SIP) has become an attractive method for tailoring physical and chemical properties of surfaces for a broad range of applications. Most of those applications relied on the merit of high density coating. In this study, we explored a long overlooked field of SIP: SIP from substrates of low initiator density. We combined ellipsometry with AFM to investigate the effect of initiator density and polymerization time on the morphology of polymer coatings. In addition, we carefully adjusted the nanoscale separation of polymer chains to achieve a balance between nonfouling and immobilization capacities. We further tested the performance of those coatings on various biosensors, such as quartz crystal microbalance, surface plasmon resonance, and protein microarrays. The optimized matrices enhanced the performance of those biosensors. This report shall encourage researchers to explore new frontiers in SIP that go beyond polymer brushes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Ma
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
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47
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Lomadze N, Perez M, Prucker O, Rühe J, Reinecke H. Step-and-Repeat Assembly of Molecularly Controlled Ultrathin Polyaramide Layers. Macromolecules 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ma101389p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nino Lomadze
- Laboratory for Chemistry & Physics of Interfaces, IMTEK Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 103, 79085 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Monica Perez
- Laboratory for Chemistry & Physics of Interfaces, IMTEK Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 103, 79085 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Oswald Prucker
- Laboratory for Chemistry & Physics of Interfaces, IMTEK Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 103, 79085 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Rühe
- Laboratory for Chemistry & Physics of Interfaces, IMTEK Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 103, 79085 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Helmut Reinecke
- Laboratory for Chemistry & Physics of Interfaces, IMTEK Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 103, 79085 Freiburg, Germany
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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48
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Jia X, Jiang X, Liu R, Yin J. Multi-stimuli responsive poly(ether amine) (PEA) brush fabricated by “thiol-ene” click chemistry. POLYMER 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2010.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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49
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Tagliazucchi M, Azzaroni O, Szleifer I. Responsive Polymers End-Tethered in Solid-State Nanochannels: When Nanoconfinement Really Matters. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:12404-11. [DOI: 10.1021/ja104152g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Tagliazucchi
- INQUIMAE, CONICET, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1428EHA, Argentina, Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), CONICET, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CC 16 Suc.4 (1900) La Plata, Argentina, and Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston,
| | - Omar Azzaroni
- INQUIMAE, CONICET, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1428EHA, Argentina, Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), CONICET, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CC 16 Suc.4 (1900) La Plata, Argentina, and Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston,
| | - Igal Szleifer
- INQUIMAE, CONICET, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1428EHA, Argentina, Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), CONICET, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CC 16 Suc.4 (1900) La Plata, Argentina, and Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston,
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50
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Yu Q, Zhang Y, Chen H, Zhou F, Wu Z, Huang H, Brash JL. Protein adsorption and cell adhesion/detachment behavior on dual-responsive silicon surfaces modified with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-block-polystyrene copolymer. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:8582-8588. [PMID: 20170172 DOI: 10.1021/la904663m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Diblock copolymer grafts covalently attached to surfaces have attracted considerable attention because of their special structure and novel properties. In this work, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-block-polystyrene (PNIPAAm-b-PS) brushes were prepared via surface-initiated consecutive atom-transfer radical polymerization on initiator-immobilized silicon. Because of the inherent thermosensitivity of PNIPAAm and the hydrophobicity difference between the two blocks, the modified surfaces were responsive to both temperature and solvent. Moreover, the diblock copolymer brushes exhibited both resistance to nonspecific protein adsorption and unique cell interaction properties. They showed strong protein resistance in both phosphate-buffered saline and blood plasma. In particular, fibrinogen adsorption from plasma at either room temperature or body temperature was less than 8 ng/cm(2), suggesting that the surfaces might possess good blood compatibility. In addition, the adhesion and detachment of L929 cells could be "tuned", and the ability to control the detachment of cells thermally was restored by block polymerization of hydrophobic, cell-adhesive PS onto a thicker PNIPAAm layer. In addition to providing a simple and effective design for advanced cell-culture surfaces, these results suggest new biomedical applications for PNIPAAm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China
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