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Danuello A, de Castro RC, Pilon AC, Bueno PCP, Pivatto M, Vieira Júnior GM, Carvalho FA, Oda FB, Perez CJ, Lopes NP, Dos Santos AG, Ifa DR, Cavalheiro AJ. Fragmentation study of clerodane diterpenes from Casearia species by tandem mass spectrometry (quadrupole time-of-flight and ion trap). RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2020; 34 Suppl 3:e8781. [PMID: 32157723 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Clerodane-type diterpenes from Casearia species show important pharmacological activites such as antitumor, antimicrobial and anti-inflamatory. There are several mass spectrometry (MS)-based methods for identification of diterpenes; however, there is still a lack of MS procedures capable of providing characteristic fragmentation pathways for a rapid and unambiguous elucidation of casearin-like compounds. METHODS Casearin-like compounds were investigated by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). The fragmentation studies were carried out by tandem mass spectrometry in space (quadrupole time-of-flight (QTOF)) using different collision energies and also by tandem mass spectrometry in time (QIT) by selective isolation of product ions. RESULTS Casearin-like compounds presented a predominance of sodium- and potassium-cationized precursor ions. Both QIT and QTOF techniques provided sequential neutral losses of esters related to the R1 to R5 substituents linked to the nucleus of the clerodane diterpenes. The fragmentation pathway is initiated with a cleavage of the ester moieties R2 followed by the elimination of the ester groups R3 , both losing neutral carboxylic acids. Using QIT, it was also possible to observe the cleavage of the ester groups R1 or R5 by MS4 experiments. CONCLUSIONS Through a rational analysis of the fragmentation mechanisms of Casearia diterpenes it was possible to suggest an annotation strategy based on the sequential cleavages of the ester groups related to the R2 , R3 and R5 substituents. These results will assist studies of the dereplication and metabolomics involving casearin-like compounds present in complex extracts of Casearia species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Danuello
- Ribeirão Preto School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rogério Cardoso de Castro
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
- Centre for Research in Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alan Cesar Pilon
- Ribeirão Preto School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, Berkshire, UK
| | - Paula Carolina Pires Bueno
- Ribeirão Preto School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos Pivatto
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Flávio Alexandre Carvalho
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Bombarda Oda
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Consuelo Javiera Perez
- Centre for Research in Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Norberto Peporine Lopes
- Ribeirão Preto School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André Gonzaga Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Demian Rocha Ifa
- Centre for Research in Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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An L, Ma J, Yang X, Liang Y, Wang H, Tuerhong M, Lall N, Abudukeremu M, Zhang Y, Lee D, Xu J, Wu X, Guo Y. Caseahomopene A, a ring-expanded homotriterpenoid from Casearia kurzii showing anti-inflammatory activities in vitro and in vivo. Bioorg Chem 2020; 98:103758. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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3
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Liang Y, Zhang Q, Yang X, Li Y, Zhang X, Li Y, Du Q, Jin DQ, Cui J, Lall N, Tuerhong M, Lee D, Abudukeremu M, Xu J, Shuai L, Guo Y. Diterpenoids from the leaves of Casearia kurzii showing cytotoxic activities. Bioorg Chem 2020; 98:103741. [PMID: 32213364 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A phytochemical investigation to obtain bioactive substances as lead compounds or agents for cancer led to the obtainment of six new and two known clerodane diterpenoids from the leaves of Casearia kurzii. Their structures were elucidated using NMR techniques and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. The subsequent biological cytotoxicity evaluation of these isolates toward human lung cancer A549, human cervical cancer HeLa, human chronic myeloid leukemia K562, and human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 was carried out. The most active compound 4 with an IC50 value of 9.7 μM against HepG2 cells was selected to examine the cytotoxic mechanism, which induced the apoptosis and arrested the HepG2 cell cycle at S stage. The in vivo zebrafish experiments revealed that compound 4 had the property of inhibiting tumor proliferation and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueyuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhao Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Du
- Key Laboratory for Tibet Plateau Phytochemistry of Qinghai Province, College of Pharmacy, Qinghai Nationalities University, Xining 810007, People's Republic of China
| | - Da-Qing Jin
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianlin Cui
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Namrita Lall
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Muhetaer Tuerhong
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory of Xinjiang Native Medicinal and Edible Plant Resources Chemistry, Kashgar University, Kashgar 844000, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongho Lee
- Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Munira Abudukeremu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory of Xinjiang Native Medicinal and Edible Plant Resources Chemistry, Kashgar University, Kashgar 844000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ling Shuai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanqiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Liu F, Ma J, Shi Z, Zhang Q, Wang H, Li D, Song Z, Wang C, Jin J, Xu J, Tuerhong M, Abudukeremu M, Shuai L, Lee D, Guo Y. Clerodane Diterpenoids Isolated from the Leaves of Casearia graveolens. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:36-44. [PMID: 31916761 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A phytochemical survey aiming to acquire pharmacologically active substances has resulted in the isolation of nine new clerodane diterpenoids, named graveospenes A-I (1-9), from the leaves of Casearia graveolens. Spectroscopic methods were employed to establish the structures with their absolute configurations being confirmed by ECD data analysis. A biological evaluation was performed, and compound 1 was found to be cytotoxic to both human lung cancer cells (A549) and human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2). A mechanism-of-action study on 1 revealed this compound to induce apoptosis of A549 cells and impede them at the G0/G1 stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research , Nankai University , Tianjin 300350 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research , Nankai University , Tianjin 300350 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoyu Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research , Nankai University , Tianjin 300350 , People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research , Nankai University , Tianjin 300350 , People's Republic of China
| | - Huimei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research , Nankai University , Tianjin 300350 , People's Republic of China
| | - Dihua Li
- Tianjin Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine , Nankai Hospital Affiliated to Nankai University , Tianjin 300100 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaohui Song
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine , Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd. , Tianjin 300410 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- Tianjin Second People's Hospital , Tianjin 300192 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research , Nankai University , Tianjin 300350 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research , Nankai University , Tianjin 300350 , People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources , Guangxi Normal University , Guilin 541004 , People's Republic of China
| | - Muhetaer Tuerhong
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences , Kashgar University , Kashgar 844000 , People's Republic of China
| | - Munira Abudukeremu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences , Kashgar University , Kashgar 844000 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Shuai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research , Nankai University , Tianjin 300350 , People's Republic of China
| | - Dongho Lee
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology , Korea University , Seoul 02841 , Republic of Korea
| | - Yuanqiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research , Nankai University , Tianjin 300350 , People's Republic of China
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Cytotoxic diterpenoids as potential anticancer agents from the twigs of Casearia kurzii. Bioorg Chem 2019; 89:102995. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.102995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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6
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Shuo Y, Zhang C, Yang X, Liu F, Zhang Q, Li A, Ma J, Lee D, Ohizumi Y, Guo Y. Clerodane diterpenoids from Casearia kurzii and their cytotoxic activities. J Nat Med 2019; 73:826-833. [PMID: 31183662 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-019-01324-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A search for bioactive natural products as anticancer lead compounds resulted in the isolation of one previously undescribed and three known clerodane diterpenoids (1-4) from Casearia kurzii. The structures of these compounds were established by analysis of their NMR, MS, and electronic circular dichroism data. The cytotoxic activities of four compounds against three human cancer cell lines were evaluated. Compound 2 was found to be the most active with an IC50 value of 4.1 μM against HeLa cells, and was selected to investigate the possible cytotoxic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Shuo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueyuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Annan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongho Lee
- Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yasushi Ohizumi
- Kansei Fukushi Research Institute, Tohoku Fukushi University, Sendai, 989-3201, Japan
| | - Yuanqiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Cytotoxic clerodane diterpenoids from the leaves of Casearia kurzii. Bioorg Chem 2019; 85:558-567. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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8
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Vieira Júnior GM, Dutra LA, Torres RB, Boralle N, Bolzani VDS, Silva DHS, Chaves MH, Cavalheiro AJ. Chemical constituents from Casearia spp. (Flacourtiaceae/Salicaceae sensu lato ). REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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9
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Li R, Morris-Natschke SL, Lee KH. Clerodane diterpenes: sources, structures, and biological activities. Nat Prod Rep 2016; 33:1166-226. [PMID: 27433555 PMCID: PMC5154363 DOI: 10.1039/c5np00137d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 1990 to 2015The clerodane diterpenoids are a widespread class of secondary metabolites and have been found in several hundreds of plant species from various families and in organisms from other taxonomic groups. These substances have attracted interest in recent years due to their notable biological activities, particularly insect antifeedant properties. In addition, the major active clerodanes of Salvia divinorum can be used as novel opioid receptor probes, allowing greater insight into opioid receptor-mediated phenomena, as well as opening additional areas for chemical investigation. This article provides extensive coverage of naturally occurring clerodane diterpenes discovered from 1990 until 2015, and follows up on the 1992 review by Merritt and Ley in this same journal. The distribution, chemotaxonomic significance, chemical structures, and biological activities of clerodane diterpenes are summarized. In the cases where sufficient information is available, structure activity relationship (SAR) correlations and mode of action of active clerodanes have been presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongtao Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568, USA
| | - Susan L. Morris-Natschke
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568, USA
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568, USA
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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10
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Tazawa S, Arai Y, Hotta S, Mitsui T, Nozaki H, Ichihara K. Discovery of a Novel Diterpene in Brown Propolis from the State of Parana, Brazil. Nat Prod Commun 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1601100218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Propolis is a resinous substance collected by honeybees from certain plant sources. The components of propolis depend on the vegetation of the area in which apiculture is practiced. In Brazil, there are several types of propolis including ‘green,’ ‘red’ and ‘brown'. Brazilian brown propolis from the state of Parana characteristically includes diterpenes, and we discovered a novel clerodane diterpene, rel-(5 S,6 S,8 R,9 R,10 S,18 R,19 S)-18,19-epoxy-2-oxocleroda-3,12( E),14-triene-6,18,19-triol 18,19-diacetate 6-benzoate (3) and five known diterpenes (1, 2, 4, 5 and 6). The chemical structure of the novel diterpene 3 was determined using 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopic analyses. Furthermore, the activities of the isolated diterpenes on growth inhibition of several human cancer cell lines (LNCaP, MCF-7, DLD-1 and A549) were evaluated in vitro; diterpene 3 exhibited a potent inhibition of cell growth, and its activity was approximately 15 times higher than that of the other diterpenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigemi Tazawa
- Nagaragawa Research Center, API Co., Ltd., 692–3 Nagara, Gifu 502-0071, Japan
| | - Yasuko Arai
- Nagaragawa Research Center, API Co., Ltd., 692–3 Nagara, Gifu 502-0071, Japan
| | - Sho Hotta
- Nagaragawa Research Center, API Co., Ltd., 692–3 Nagara, Gifu 502-0071, Japan
| | - Taichi Mitsui
- Nagaragawa Research Center, API Co., Ltd., 692–3 Nagara, Gifu 502-0071, Japan
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University of Science, 1–1 Ridai-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-0005, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nozaki
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University of Science, 1–1 Ridai-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-0005, Japan
| | - Kenji Ichihara
- Nagaragawa Research Center, API Co., Ltd., 692–3 Nagara, Gifu 502-0071, Japan
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Xu J, Kang J, Sun X, Cao X, Rena K, Lee D, Ren Q, Li S, Ohizumi Y, Guo Y. Di- and Triterpenoids from the Leaves of Casearia balansae and Neurite Outgrowth Promoting Effects of PC12 Cells. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2016; 79:170-179. [PMID: 26699618 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A bioassay-guided phytochemical investigation of the leaves of Casearia balansae led to the isolation of six new cucurbitane-type triterpenoid derivatives (balanterpenes A-F, 1-6) and four new clerdoane-type diterpenoids (balanterpenes G-J, 7-10). The structures of 1-10 were established on the basis of extensive analysis of NMR spectroscopic data, X-ray crystallography, and experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism spectra. Compound 1 features a ring-expanded triterpenoid skeleton with the C-19 methyl involved in the ring formation, compound 6 possesses a rare hexanortriterpenoid scaffold, and compounds 7-10 may be four new diterpenoid artifacts presumably formed during the extraction and purification processes. Compounds 3 and 7-10 showed promoting effects on neurite outgrowth of PC12 cells with EC50 values in the range 2.9-10.0 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Kasimu Rena
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University , Urumuqi 830011, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongho Lee
- Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University , Seoul 136-713, Korea
| | | | | | - Yasushi Ohizumi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University , Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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Meesakul P, Ritthiwigrom T, Cheenpracha S, Sripisut T, Maneerat W, Machan T, Laphookhieo S. A New Cytotoxic Clerodane Diterpene from Casearia Graveolens Twigs. Nat Prod Commun 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1601100105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The first phytochemical investigation of Casearia graveolens twigs led to the isolation and identification of a new clerodane diterpene, caseariagraveolin (1), together with six known compounds (2–7). Their structures were elucidated by intensive analysis of their spectroscopic data. Compound 1 showed strong cytotoxicity against oral cavity and breast cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 2.48 and 6.63 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pornphimol Meesakul
- Natural Products Research Laboratory, School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Thunwadee Ritthiwigrom
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | | | - Tawanun Sripisut
- School of Cosmetic Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Wisanu Maneerat
- Natural Products Research Laboratory, School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Theeraphan Machan
- Natural Products Research Laboratory, School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Surat Laphookhieo
- Natural Products Research Laboratory, School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
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Nguyen HTT, Truong NB, Doan HTM, Litaudon M, Retailleau P, Do TT, Nguyen HV, Chau MV, Pham CV. Cytotoxic Clerodane Diterpenoids from the Leaves of Casearia grewiifolia. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:2726-2730. [PMID: 26516994 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Two new clerodane diterpenoids (1 and 2) and the known compound caseanigrescen D (3) were isolated from the leaves of Casearia grewiifolia by bioassay-guided fractionation. Their structures were determined by analyses of MS and 2D NMR data. The absolute configurations of 1 and 3 were established by analysis of X-ray diffraction data. Compounds 1-3 were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against four cancer cell lines, KB (mouth epidermal carcinoma cells), HepG-2 (human liver hepatocellular carcinoma cells), LU-1 (human lung adenocarcinoma cells), and MCF-7 (human breast cancer cells). Caseagrewifolin B (2) had inhibitory activity against KB and HepG-2 cell lines with IC50 values of 6.2 to 7.0 μM, respectively. When tested against the normal cells (NIH/3T3), caseagrewifolin B (2) exhibited a significant selective inhibition against cancer cells in comparison with the normal cells. Caseanigrescen D (3) was cytotoxic against four cancer cell lines; however it had no selective inhibition compared with normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha T T Nguyen
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry of the Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) , 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ngan B Truong
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry of the Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) , 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Huong T M Doan
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry of the Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) , 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Marc Litaudon
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS-ICSN, UPR 2301, Université Paris-Sud , 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Pascal Retailleau
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS-ICSN, UPR 2301, Université Paris-Sud , 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Thao T Do
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) , 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hung V Nguyen
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry of the Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) , 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Minh V Chau
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry of the Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) , 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Cuong V Pham
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry of the Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) , 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Xu J, Ji F, Sun X, Cao X, Li S, Ohizumi Y, Guo Y. Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Diterpenoids from Casearia graveolens. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:2648-2656. [PMID: 26474353 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Biologically active substances that promote the neurite outgrowth of nerve cells against neuron degeneration may be useful for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. In a continuing search for bioactive compounds from plants, an ethyl acetate-soluble extract of the twigs of Casearia graveolens showed moderate stimulatory activity of neurite outgrowth from PC12 cells. Further investigation to obtain bioactive compounds led to the isolation of 10 new clerodane diterpenoids, graveopenes A-J (1-10). Their structures including absolute configurations were elucidated based on analysis of their NMR spectroscopic data and experimental and calculated ECD spectra. Compounds 3-6 and 8 were shown to stimulate NGF-mediated neurite outgrowth from PC12 cells.
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MESH Headings
- Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Casearia/chemistry
- Diterpenes, Clerodane/chemistry
- Diterpenes, Clerodane/isolation & purification
- Diterpenes, Clerodane/pharmacology
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/isolation & purification
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology
- Molecular Structure
- Nerve Growth Factor/drug effects
- Neurites/drug effects
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular
- PC12 Cells
- Plants, Medicinal/chemistry
- Rats
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Feifei Ji
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce , Harbin 150076, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | - Yasushi Ohizumi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University , Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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15
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16
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Morphological and biochemical alterations activated by antitumor clerodane diterpenes. Chem Biol Interact 2014; 222:112-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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17
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Usui K, Kanbe M, Nakada AM. Total Synthesis of (−)-Bucidarasin A Starting from an Original Chiral Building Block. Org Lett 2014; 16:4734-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol502129u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Usui
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Misaki Kanbe
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - and Masahisa Nakada
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
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18
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Vasiljevik T, Groer CE, Lehner K, Navarro H, Prisinzano TE. Studies toward the Development of Antiproliferative Neoclerodanes from Salvinorin A. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2014; 77:1817-1824. [PMID: 25075762 PMCID: PMC4143179 DOI: 10.1021/np5002048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The success rate for central nervous system (CNS) drug candidates in the clinic is relatively low compared to the industry average across other therapeutic areas. Penetration through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to reach the therapeutic target is a major obstacle in development. The rapid CNS penetration of salvinorin A has suggested that the neoclerodane nucleus offers an excellent scaffold for developing antiproliferative compounds that enter the CNS. The Liebeskind-Srogl reaction was used as the main carbon-carbon bond-forming step toward the synthesis of quinone-containing salvinorin A analogues. Quinone-containing salvinorin A analogues were shown to have antiproliferative activity against the MCF7 breast cancer cell line, but show no significant activity at the κ-opioid receptors. In an in vitro model of BBB penetration, quinone-containing salvinorin A analogues were shown to passively diffuse across the cell monolayer. The analogues, however, are substrates of P-glycoprotein, and thus further modification of the molecules is needed to reduce the affinity for the efflux transporter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Vasiljevik
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Chad E. Groer
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Kurt Lehner
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Hernan Navarro
- Organic
and Medicinal Chemistry, Research Triangle
Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Thomas E. Prisinzano
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
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19
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Bou DD, Tempone AG, Pinto ÉG, Lago JHG, Sartorelli P. Antiparasitic activity and effect of casearins isolated from Casearia sylvestris on Leishmania and Trypanosoma cruzi plasma membrane. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 21:676-681. [PMID: 24560122 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2014.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Revised: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis and Chagas disease are infectious diseases caused by parasite Leishmania sp. and Trypanosoma cruzi, respectively, and are included among the most neglected diseases in several underdeveloped and developing countries, with an urgent demand for new drugs. Considering the antiparasitic potential of MeOH extract from leaves of Casearia sylvestris Sw. (Salicaceae), a bioguided fractionation was conducted and afforded four active clerodane diterpenes (casearins A, B, G, and J). The obtained results indicated a superior efficacy of tested casearins against trypomastigotes of T. cruzi, with IC50 values ranging from 0.53 to 2.77 μg/ml. Leishmania infantum promastigotes were also susceptible to casearins, with IC50 values in a range between 4.45 and 9.48 μg/ml. These substances were also evaluated for mammalian cytotoxicity against NCTC cells resulting in 50% cytotoxic concentrations (CC50) ranging from 1.46 to 13.76 μg/ml. Additionally, the action of casearins on parasite membranes was investigated using the fluorescent probe SYTOX Green. The obtained results demonstrated a strong interaction of casearins A and B to the plasma membrane of T. cruzi parasites, corroborating their higher efficacy against these parasites. In contrast, the tested casearins induced no alteration in the permeability of plasma membrane of Leishmania parasites, suggesting that biochemical differences between Leishmania and T. cruzi plasma membrane might have contributed to the target effect of casearins on trypomastigotes. Thus, considering the importance of studying novel and selective drug candidates against protozoans, casearins A, B, G, and J could be used as tools to future drug design studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Dinis Bou
- Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 09972-270 Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - André G Tempone
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, 01246-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Érika G Pinto
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, 01246-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 470, 05403-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - João Henrique G Lago
- Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 09972-270 Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Patricia Sartorelli
- Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 09972-270 Diadema, SP, Brazil.
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20
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Calderón C, De Ford C, Castro V, Merfort I, Murillo R. Cytotoxic clerodane diterpenes from Zuelania guidonia. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2014; 77:455-463. [PMID: 24484281 DOI: 10.1021/np400672g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The leaves of Zuelania guidonia yielded eight new clerodane diterpenes, namely, zuelaguidins A-H (1-8), and the known clerodane diterpene esculentin A (9). Some of these structures contained a 3,6-dihydro-1,2-dioxin moiety. The new compounds were isolated and identified using 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments. All compounds were evaluated for cytotoxicity against the CCRF-CEM (human acute lymphocytic leukemia), CEM-ADR5000 (human acute lymphocytic leukemia resistant to doxorubicin), and MIA-PaCa-2 (human pancreatic carcinoma) cell lines as well as for their selectivity against peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy human subjects. Zuelaguidins B, C, and E were the most potent compounds against the CCRF-CEM cell line, with IC50 values ranging from 1.6 to 2.5 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Calderón
- Escuela de Quimica and CIPRONA, Universidad de Costa Rica , 2060 San José, Costa Rica
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21
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Wang B, Wang XL, Wang SQ, Shen T, Liu YQ, Yuan H, Lou HX, Wang XN. Cytotoxic clerodane diterpenoids from the leaves and twigs of Casearia balansae. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2013; 76:1573-1579. [PMID: 24033131 DOI: 10.1021/np400212d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Ten new clerodane diterpenoids (1-10), caseabalansins A-G, 18-epicaseabalansin A, 2-epicaseabalansin B, and 2-epicaseabalansin C, one new triterpenoid, balansinone (11), and seven known diterpenoids (12-18) were obtained from the leaves and twigs of Casearia balansae. Compounds 1 and 2 are the first examples of clerodane diterpenoids with an oxygen bridge between C-2 and C-19, and compounds 5-7 are three new diterpenoid artifacts presumably formed during the extraction process. The structures of the new compounds were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic data, and that of 11 was verified by single-crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis. Compound 15 showed cytotoxic activity against the tumor cell lines PC3, DU145, SKOV3, and A549 with IC₅₀ values of 4.5, 4.3, 5.1, and 5.7 μM, respectively. Compounds 1a, 2a, and 4 showed selective activity against PC3 tumor cells.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Casearia/chemistry
- Crystallography, X-Ray
- Diterpenes, Clerodane/chemistry
- Diterpenes, Clerodane/isolation & purification
- Diterpenes, Clerodane/pharmacology
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/isolation & purification
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology
- Humans
- Inhibitory Concentration 50
- Molecular Conformation
- Molecular Structure
- Plant Leaves/chemistry
- Plant Stems/chemistry
- Stereoisomerism
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University , 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, People's Republic of China
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22
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Bolzani VDS, Valli M, Pivatto M, Viegas C. Natural products from Brazilian biodiversity as a source of new models for medicinal chemistry. PURE APPL CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1351/pac-con-12-01-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Natural products are the inspiration for many valuable therapeutic agents and attest to biodiversity being a rich source of new molecular structures. Their value as templates for medicinal chemistry remains undisputed, even after the growth of the combinatorial chemistry era. Tropical environments, such as Brazilian biomes, offer a particularly rich potential for biologically active compounds with unique structures and continue to contribute toward modern drug discovery. Our bioprospecting of plant species of the Cerrado and Atlantic Forest biomes has yielded promising bioactive secondary metabolites, and we describe some of these molecules and semisynthetic derivatives as potential acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanderlan da Silva Bolzani
- 1Departamento de Química Orgânica, Núcleo de Bioensaios, Biossíntese e Ecofisiologia de Produtos Naturais (NuBBE), Instituto de Química, UNESP – Universidade Estadual Paulista, C.P. 355, 14801-970, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Marilia Valli
- 1Departamento de Química Orgânica, Núcleo de Bioensaios, Biossíntese e Ecofisiologia de Produtos Naturais (NuBBE), Instituto de Química, UNESP – Universidade Estadual Paulista, C.P. 355, 14801-970, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcos Pivatto
- 1Departamento de Química Orgânica, Núcleo de Bioensaios, Biossíntese e Ecofisiologia de Produtos Naturais (NuBBE), Instituto de Química, UNESP – Universidade Estadual Paulista, C.P. 355, 14801-970, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Viegas
- 2Instituto de Química, Laboratório de Fitoquímica e Química Medicinal (LFQM), Universidade Federal de Alfenas, 37130-000, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
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23
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Ferreira PMP, Costa-Lotufo LV, Moraes MO, Barros FW, Martins AM, Cavalheiro AJ, Bolzani VS, Santos AG, Pessoa C. Folk uses and pharmacological properties of Casearia sylvestris: a medicinal review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 83:1373-84. [DOI: 10.1590/s0001-37652011005000040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2009] [Accepted: 05/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Folk uses and scientific investigations have highlighted the importance of Casearia sylvestris extracts and their relevant bioactive potential. The aim of this work was to review the pharmacological properties of C. sylvestris, emphasizing its anti-ulcer, anti-inflammatory, anti-ophidian and antitumor potentialities. Ethanolic extracts and essential oil of their leaves have antiulcerogenic activity and reduce gastric volume without altering the stomach pH, which corroborates their consumption on gastrointestinal disorders. Leaf water extracts show phospholipase A2 inhibitory activity that prevents damage effects on the muscular tissue after toxin inoculation. This antiphospholipasic action is probably related to the use as an anti-inflammatory, proposing a pharmacological blockage similar to that obtained with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on arachidonic acid and cyclooxygenase pathways. Bioguided-assay fractionations lead to the identification of secondary metabolites, especially the clerodane diterpenes casearins (A-X) and casearvestrins (A-C), compounds with a remarkable cytotoxic and antitumor action. Therefore, the C. sylvestris shrub holds a known worldwide pharmacological arsenal by its extensive folk utilization, exciting searches for new molecules and a better comprehension about biological properties.
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24
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Caamal-Fuentes E, Torres-Tapia LW, Simá-Polanco P, Peraza-Sánchez SR, Moo-Puc R. Screening of plants used in Mayan traditional medicine to treat cancer-like symptoms. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 135:719-724. [PMID: 21501677 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2010] [Revised: 04/02/2011] [Accepted: 04/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the potential of plants used in Mayan traditional medicine to treat cancer-like symptoms using the Mayan ethnobotany literature, and evaluate their organic extracts for in vitro cytotoxic activity on cancer cell lines. MATERIALS AND METHODS The selection of the plants studied in this investigation was based on the Mayan ethnobotanical information provided by different literature sources. Extracts were obtained by maceration with methanol for 72 h of each plant part used and evaporated in vacuo to give the corresponding dried extract. Each methanol extract was tested for its cytotoxicity using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay performed in 96-well tissue plates on seven cancer cell lines, lung carcinoma (A549), cervix adenocarcinoma (HeLa), laryngeal carcinoma (Hep-2), nasopharynx carcinoma (KB), breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), prostate adenocarcinoma (PC-3), and cervix squamous carcinoma cells (SiHa), as well as normal human embryonic kidney cell line (HEK-293). Cell proliferation/viability was spectrophotometrically assessed at 540 nm after addition of MTT. RESULTS 51 plants were found in the literature to be used for the treatment of symptoms suggestive of cancer, 21 were chosen to evaluate the cytotoxic activity. Aeschynomene fascicularis root bark extract showed a pronounced cytotoxic activity on Hela and KB cell lines and Bonellia macrocarpa stem and root bark extracts showed similar prominent activities on KB cells. CONCLUSION 21 plants were selected according to their use in the treatment of cancer-like symptoms recorded in the ethnobotanical literature. Plant extracts prepared from Aeschynomene fascicularis root bark and Bonellia macrocarpa stem and root bark have been selected for extensive studies leading to the isolation of the active constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Caamal-Fuentes
- Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán (CICY), Calle 43 No. 130, Col. Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida, Yucatán 97200, Mexico
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25
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Vieira-Júnior GM, Dutra LA, Ferreira PMP, de Moraes MO, Costa Lotufo LV, Pessoa CDÓ, Torres RB, Boralle N, Bolzani VDS, Cavalheiro AJ. Cytotoxic clerodane diterpenes from Casearia rupestris. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2011; 74:776-781. [PMID: 21381705 DOI: 10.1021/np100840w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Four new clerodane diterpenes, casearupestrins A-D (1-4), were isolated from the leaves of Casearia rupestris. Compounds 1 and 4 were acetylated to yield 2,7-di-O-acetylcasearupestrin A (5) and 2,6-di-O-acetylcasearupestrin D (6). All compounds were evaluated for cytotoxicity against a small panel of human cancer cell lines. Casearupestrin A (1) exhibited the most potent activity against MDA/MB-435 (human melanoma) and SF-295 (human glioblastoma) cells, superior to that of the standard drug doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo M Vieira-Júnior
- Institute of Chemistry, Nucley of Bioassay, Biosynthesis and Ecophysiology of Natural Products (NuBBE), São Paulo State University, UNESP, C.P. 14801-970, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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Whitson EL, Thomas CL, Henrich CJ, Sayers TJ, McMahon JB, McKee TC. Clerodane diterpenes from Casearia arguta that act as synergistic TRAIL sensitizers. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2010; 73:2013-8. [PMID: 21067210 PMCID: PMC3058848 DOI: 10.1021/np1004455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Casearia arguta was investigated as part of the ongoing search for synergistic TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor-α-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) sensitizers. As a result of this study, argutins A-H, eight new highly oxygenated clerodane diterpenes, were isolated from the plant Casearia arguta collected in Guatemala. The modified Mosher ester method was utilized to establish the absolute configuration of argutins A and F. Each of the argutins showed varying levels of synergy with TRAIL. Argutin B showed the highest TRAIL sensitization; the synergistic effect of argutin B and TRAIL together was 3-fold greater than argutin B alone.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Tawnya C. McKee
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: (301) 846-1943. Fax: (301) 846-6851.
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Ferreira PMP, Santos AG, Tininis AG, Costa PM, Cavalheiro AJ, Bolzani VS, Moraes MO, Costa-Lotufo LV, Montenegro RC, Pessoa C. Casearin X exhibits cytotoxic effects in leukemia cells triggered by apoptosis. Chem Biol Interact 2010; 188:497-504. [PMID: 20816779 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2010.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2010] [Revised: 08/26/2010] [Accepted: 08/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Clerodane diterpenes have demonstrated cytotoxic, antiplasmodial and anti-ulcer properties. In the present work, we determined the cytotoxic effect of casearin L (Cas L), O (Cas O) and X (Cas X) and (-)-hardwickiic acid isolated from Casearia sylvestris leaves, and investigated the underlying mechanisms involved in in vitro cell death induced by Cas X in HL-60 leukemia cells (0.7, 1.5 and 3.0μM). Cytotoxicity tests demonstrated that Cas X was the most active compound studied, showing greater cytotoxic effects against CEM and HL-60 lines (IC(50) of 0.4μM) and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC, IC(50) of 1.2μM). After 24h exposure, Cas X caused a decrease in 5-bromo-20-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation (36.6 and 24.5% labeling at 0.7 and 1.5μM, respectively), reduction in viability, and increase in apoptotic and necrotic leukemia cells in a dose-dependent manner evidenced by the trypan blue and AO/EB (acridine orange/ethidium bromide) assays. Moreover, Cas X-treated cells exhibited nuclear fragmentation and cytoplasmic vacuolization depending on the concentration tested. These characteristics of apoptosis or secondary necrosis were confirmed by flow cytometry which revealed DNA fragmentation, phosphatidylserine externalization, activation of the effector caspases 3/7 and mitochondrial depolarization. We then found evidence that Cas X causes cell death via apoptotic pathways, corroborating the potential of casearins as compounds with promising antitumor-related properties.
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