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Bi DW, Xiong F, Cheng B, Zhou YL, Zeb MA, Tang P, Pang WH, Zhang RH, Li XL, Zhang XJ, Xiao WL. Callintegers A and B, Unusual Tricyclo[4.4.0.0 9,10]tetradecane Clerodane Diterpenoids from Callicarpa integerrima with Inhibitory Effects on NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2022; 85:2675-2681. [PMID: 36286259 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Callintegers A (1) and B (2), unprecedented clerodane norditerpenoids based on a novel carbon skeleton, were isolated from Callicarpa integerrima. Compounds 1 and 2 possess a novel 6/6/6-fused tricyclic ring system. Their structures and absolute configurations were determined by quantum chemical calculations, spectroscopic analysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods. Biological evaluation showed that compound 2 inhibited IL-1β secretion in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 value of 5.5 ± 3.2 μM. Caspase-1 maturation and IL-1β secretion were also reduced, indicating that compound 2 impaired NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Wen Bi
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Yunnan Research & Development Center for Natural Products, School of Chemical Science and Technology and School of Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Yunnan Research & Development Center for Natural Products, School of Chemical Science and Technology and School of Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Yunnan Research & Development Center for Natural Products, School of Chemical Science and Technology and School of Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Ling Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Yunnan Research & Development Center for Natural Products, School of Chemical Science and Technology and School of Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Aurang Zeb
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Yunnan Research & Development Center for Natural Products, School of Chemical Science and Technology and School of Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Yunnan Research & Development Center for Natural Products, School of Chemical Science and Technology and School of Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Hui Pang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Yunnan Research & Development Center for Natural Products, School of Chemical Science and Technology and School of Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Han Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Yunnan Research & Development Center for Natural Products, School of Chemical Science and Technology and School of Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Yunnan Research & Development Center for Natural Products, School of Chemical Science and Technology and School of Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Yunnan Research & Development Center for Natural Products, School of Chemical Science and Technology and School of Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Lie Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Yunnan Research & Development Center for Natural Products, School of Chemical Science and Technology and School of Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
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Callicarpa dichotoma Leaf Extract Alleviates Atopic Dermatitis through the Suppression of T Cells and Keratinocytes Activation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15101280. [PMID: 36297392 PMCID: PMC9608477 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a highly recurrent chronic inflammatory skin disease, characterized by severe itching, immune imbalance, and skin barrier dysfunction. Damage to the skin barrier function is known to be the main cause of Th1/Th2 immune imbalance, due to the Th2-mediated immune response, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 and IL-31 and it plays an important role in further eliciting the environment of AD through stimulation. Currently, the most widely used drugs for the treatment of AD are corticosteroids, antihistamines and immunosuppressants (used by more than 60% of patients), which are reported to exhibit various side effects when taken for a long time. Therefore, interest in the physiological activity of safer plant-derived natural extracts is increasing. Callicarpa dichotoma is traditionally used in oriental medicine for bruises, habitual pain, gastric and postpartum hemorrhage. Recent studies have reported that it exhibits antioxidant anti-inflammatory and anti-hepatotoxic activity, but the role and activity of C. dichotoma in AD have not yet been studied. Therefore, in this study, the new physiological activity of C. dichotoma in the AD environment was investigated, suggesting its potential as a natural therapeutic agent.
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The discovery of potentially active diterpenoids to inhibit the pyroptosis from Callicarpa arborea. Bioorg Chem 2022; 128:106022. [PMID: 35907376 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pyroptosis is a programmed-inflammatory cell death, which leads to release of inflammatory cellular contents and formation of inflammation. Uncontrollable pyroptosis can result in serious immune diseases, such as cytokine release syndrome (CRS), sepsis, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and acute organ damage, including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and acute kidney injury (AKI). Members of the Callicarpa genus are significant raw materials for traditional Chinese medicine, widely used for analgesia, hemostasis, and anti-inflammation. Previously, we have reported some ent-clerodane diterpenoids from Callicarpa arborea, shown potent inhibitory effects against pyroptosis. In this study, we went on investigating this kind of diterpenoids, and yielded 66 ent-clerodane diterpenoids, including 52 new compounds, from Callicarpa arborea. Their structures featured with a 5/6- (1-25) or a 6/6- (26-66)-fused double-ring scaffolds, were elucidated using spectroscopic data, electrostatic circular dichroism (ECD) and X-ray diffraction analyses. Screening for the inhibitory activity against pyroptosis by detecting of IL-1β secretion in J771A.1 cells, revealed 28 compounds with an IC50 below 10.5 μM. Compound 1 was the most potent with an IC50 of 0.68 μM and inhibited the J774A.1 macrophage pyroptosis by blocking the NLR pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation. An in vivo study further revealed that compound 1 decreased infiltration of CD11b + F4/80 + macrophages into lung and attenuated the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung injury. Taken together, this study indicated the potential of compound 1 as a candidate for pyroptosis-related inflammation treatment, as well as provided the chemical and pharmacological basis for the further development of Callicarpa genus as a herbal medicine.
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Pu DB, Zhang XJ, Bi DW, Gao JB, Yang Y, Li XL, Lin J, Li XN, Zhang RH, Xiao WL. Callicarpins, Two Classes of Rearranged ent-Clerodane Diterpenoids from Callicarpa Plants Blocking NLRP3 Inflammasome-Induced Pyroptosis. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:2191-2199. [PMID: 32628479 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Callicarpins A-D (1-4), possessing an unprecedented A-homoent-clerodane scaffold with a bicyclo[5.4.0]undecane ring system, and callicarpins E-G (5-7), with 5/6-fused ent-clerodane diterpenoid skeletons, were isolated from Callicarpaarborea and C. integerrim. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic data, X-ray crystal diffraction, chemical derivatization, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data. Putative biosynthetic pathways for these callicarpins are proposed. Compounds 2, 3b, and 6-8 showed potent inhibitory effects against the NLRP3 inflammasome with IC50 values from 1.4 to 5.3 μM, and 2 significantly blocked NLRP3 inflammasome-induced pyroptosis by inhibiting Casp-1 activation and IL-1β secretion in J774A.1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Bing Pu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - De-Wen Bi
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Bo Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Lin
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Nian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Han Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Lie Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, People's Republic of China
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Characterization and Structural Analysis of Genkwanin, a Natural Product from Callicarpa americana. CRYSTALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst9100491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The natural compound Genkwanin (systematic name: 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxychromen-4-one) C16H12O5 (1) is a non-glycosylated flavonoid isolated from Callicarpa americana. Microcrystals of Genkwanin were prepared by slow evaporation of a methanol solution under low temperature conditions. The structure of 1 was determined based on spectroscopic analyses, one-dimensional NMR, HRESIMS and was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystals grow as very thin needles with an extremely high aspect ratio and with the long axis (along the y-axis) corresponding to the very short unit cell b-axis. There are two independent molecules in the asymmetric unit with two different conformations and modes of packing in the crystal. One molecule has a higher degree on non-planarity than the other. The short stacking distance and separation between the molecules implies a high degree of co-planarity consistent with a conjugated system. The crystal structure is non-centrosymmetric but achiral.
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Rasyid FA, Fukuyoshi S, Ando H, Miyake K, Atsumi T, Fujie T, Saito Y, Goto M, Shinya T, Mikage M, Sasaki Y, Nakagawa-Goto K. A Novel Clerodane Diterpene from Vitex cofassus. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2017; 65:116-120. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c16-00775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Faradiba Abdul Rasyid
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University
| | - Shuichi Fukuyoshi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University
| | - Hirokazu Ando
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University
| | - Katsunori Miyake
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University
| | | | - Tetsuo Fujie
- Advanced Science Research Center, Kanazawa University
| | - Yohei Saito
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University
| | - Masuo Goto
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina
| | | | | | - Yohei Sasaki
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University
| | - Kyoko Nakagawa-Goto
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina
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Li R, Morris-Natschke SL, Lee KH. Clerodane diterpenes: sources, structures, and biological activities. Nat Prod Rep 2016; 33:1166-226. [PMID: 27433555 PMCID: PMC5154363 DOI: 10.1039/c5np00137d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 1990 to 2015The clerodane diterpenoids are a widespread class of secondary metabolites and have been found in several hundreds of plant species from various families and in organisms from other taxonomic groups. These substances have attracted interest in recent years due to their notable biological activities, particularly insect antifeedant properties. In addition, the major active clerodanes of Salvia divinorum can be used as novel opioid receptor probes, allowing greater insight into opioid receptor-mediated phenomena, as well as opening additional areas for chemical investigation. This article provides extensive coverage of naturally occurring clerodane diterpenes discovered from 1990 until 2015, and follows up on the 1992 review by Merritt and Ley in this same journal. The distribution, chemotaxonomic significance, chemical structures, and biological activities of clerodane diterpenes are summarized. In the cases where sufficient information is available, structure activity relationship (SAR) correlations and mode of action of active clerodanes have been presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongtao Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568, USA
| | - Susan L. Morris-Natschke
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568, USA
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568, USA
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Cheng HH, Cheng YB, Hwang TL, Kuo YH, Chen CH, Shen YC. Randainins A-D, Based on Unique Diterpenoid Architectures, from Callicarpa randaiensis. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:1823-1828. [PMID: 26235190 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Four new compounds, randainins A-D (1-4), were isolated from the leaves and twigs of Callicarpa randaiensis, which is an endemic species in Taiwan. Compounds 1 and 2 are diterpenoids with an unusual trans-7/5 ring system, whereas compounds 3 and 4 are diterpenoids possessing a trans-5/7 ring scaffold. The structures of the new compounds were established based on NMR and MS data analyses. Anti-inflammatory activities and cytotoxicity were tested and evaluated for these compounds. Compound 4 exhibited moderate inhibition of superoxide-anion generation with an IC50 value of 21.5 ± 2.5 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Hsi Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University , Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Bin Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Tsong-Long Hwang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, School of Traditional Medicine, College of Medicine, and Chinese Herbal Medicine Research Team, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University , Taoyuan 33302 Taiwan
- Department of Cosmetic Science and Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology , Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Haur Kuo
- Division of Herbal Drugs and Natural Products, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine , Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsiung Chen
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University , Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ching Shen
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University , Taipei 100, Taiwan
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Xu J, Sun Y, Wang M, Ren Q, Li S, Wang H, Sun X, Jin DQ, Sun H, Ohizumi Y, Guo Y. Bioactive Diterpenoids from the Leaves of Callicarpa macrophylla. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:1563-1569. [PMID: 26110519 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A phytochemical investigation of the leaves of Callicarpa macrophylla led to the isolation of five new diterpenoids (1-5), macrophypenes A-E, and nine known analogues (6-14). The structures of 1-5 were established on the basis of extensive analysis of NMR spectroscopic data, X-ray diffraction data, and experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism spectra. Compound 1 is a spiroditerpenoid with a novel skeleton, and compound 5 is a rare ent-abietane diterpenoid possessing a peroxide bridge. Compounds 1, 5-7, and 11-14 stimulate nerve growth factor mediated neurite outgrowth from PC12 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yasushi Ohizumi
- ∥Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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Yuan JQ, Qiu L, Zou LH, Wei Q, Miao JH, Yao XS. Two New Phenylethanoid Glycosides fromCallicarpa longissima. Helv Chim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201400206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Chung PY, Chung LY, Navaratnam P. Potential targets by pentacyclic triterpenoids from Callicarpa farinosa against methicillin-resistant and sensitive Staphylococcus aureus. Fitoterapia 2014; 94:48-54. [PMID: 24508863 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2014.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Revised: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The evolution of antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus showed that there is no long-lasting remedy against this pathogen. The limited number of antibacterial classes and the common occurrence of cross-resistance within and between classes reinforce the urgent need to discover new compounds targeting novel cellular functions not yet targeted by currently used drugs. One of the experimental approaches used to discover novel antibacterials and their in vitro targets is natural product screening. Three known pentacyclic triterpenoids were isolated for the first time from the bark of Callicarpa farinosa Roxb. (Verbenaceae) and identified as α-amyrin [3β-hydroxy-urs-12-en-3-ol], betulinic acid [3β-hydroxy-20(29)-lupaene-28-oic acid], and betulinaldehyde [3β-hydroxy-20(29)-lupen-28-al]. These compounds exhibited antimicrobial activities against reference and clinical strains of methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA), with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 2 to 512 μg/mL. From the genome-wide transcriptomic analysis to elucidate the antimicrobial effects of these compounds, multiple novel cellular targets in cell division, two-component system, ABC transporters, fatty acid biosynthesis, peptidoglycan biosynthesis, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, ribosomes and β-lactam resistance pathways are affected, resulting in destabilization of the bacterial cell membrane, halt in protein synthesis, and inhibition of cell growth that eventually lead to cell death. The novel targets in these essential pathways could be further explored in the development of therapeutic compounds for the treatment of S. aureus infections and help mitigate resistance development due to target alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooi Yin Chung
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Sunway Campus, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia; International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Lip Yong Chung
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Parasakthi Navaratnam
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Sunway Campus, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
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Esumi T, Yamamoto C, Tsugawa Y, Toyota M, Asakawa Y, Fukuyama Y. Construction of Successive Chiral Centers Adjacent to a Chiral Tetraalkylated Quaternary Center Using an Asymmetric Aldol Reaction. Org Lett 2013; 15:1898-901. [DOI: 10.1021/ol400556v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Esumi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan
| | - Chihiro Yamamoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan
| | - Yuri Tsugawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan
| | - Masao Toyota
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Asakawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan
| | - Yoshiyasu Fukuyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan
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Tu Y, Sun L, Guo M, Chen W. The medicinal uses of Callicarpa L. in traditional Chinese medicine: an ethnopharmacological, phytochemical and pharmacological review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 146:465-481. [PMID: 23313870 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2012] [Revised: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 12/30/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Callicarpa L. (Verbenaceae) has been used for centuries in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for the prevention and treatment of a wide number of health disorders such as inflammation, rheumatism, hematuria, fracture, hematemesis, menoxenia, gastrointestinal bleeding, scrofula, etc. AIMS OF THE REVIEW To assess the scientific evidence for therapeutic Callicarpa in TCM and to identify future research needs. METHODS The available information on the ethnopharmacological uses in Chinese medicine, phytochemistry, pharmacology and clinical practice of Callicarpa species was collected via a library and electronic search (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar and CNKI). RESULTS A variety of ethnomedical use of Callicarpa has been recorded in many ancient Chinese books. Phytochemical investigation of this genus has resulted in identification of more than 200 chemical constituents, among which diterpenes, triterpenoids and flavonoids are the predominant groups. The isolates and crude extract have exhibited a wide spectrum of in vitro and in vivo pharmacological effects involving anti-inflammatory, hemostatic, neuroprotective, anti-amnesic, antitubercular, antioxidant, antimicrobial and analgesic activities. Preparations containing Callicarpa species exerted good efficacy on clinical applications of gynecological inflammation, internal and external hemorrhage as well as acne vulgaris and chronic pharyngitis, etc. From the toxicity perspective, only three Callicarpa species have been assessed. CONCLUSIONS Pharmacological results have validated the use of Callicarpa species in the traditional medicine. As literature demonstrated, terpenoids and flavonoids are perhaps responsible for most of the activities shown by the plants of this genus. However, the detailed active compounds and the underlying mechanisms remain a work in progress. In addition, more attention should be paid to C. nudiflora as well as the domain of rheumatism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Tu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
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Asiri SM, Shaari K, Abas F, Al-Mekhlafi NA, Lajis NH. Two New Naphthoquinone Derivatives from the Stem Bark of Callicarpa Maingayi. Nat Prod Commun 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1200701021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new naphthoquinones designated as 3α-hydroxy-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-9α-methoxy-2,3,3α,9α-tetra-hydronaphtho[2,3-b]furan-4,9-dione (callicarpa-quinone A, 1) and 5-hydroxy-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)naphtho[2,3-b]furan-4,9-dione (callicarpaquinone B, 2) were isolated from the chloroform fraction of Callicarpa maingayi. Three other known compounds, identified as avicequinone-C (3), wodeshiol (4) and paulownin (5), were reported for the first time from this species. The structure elucidation of compounds was established by comprehensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analyses as well as EIMS, UV and IR spectral data. Compounds 1 and 2 were tested in vitro for their cytotoxic activity against human breast cancer MCF-7cells. Compound 2 exhibited strong cytotoxic activity with an IC50 value of 1.9 ± 0.2 μM, while 1 showed moderate activity with an IC50 value of 25.0 ± 4.3 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumayah Mohammed Asiri
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Khozirah Shaari
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Faridah Abas
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nabil Ali Al-Mekhlafi
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nordin H. Lajis
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Liu YW, Cheng YB, Liaw CC, Chen CH, Guh JH, Hwang TL, Tsai JS, Wang WB, Shen YC. Bioactive diterpenes from Callicarpa longissima. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2012; 75:689-693. [PMID: 22429052 DOI: 10.1021/np200932k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Investigation of the leaves and twigs of Callicarpa longissima resulted in the isolation of four new compounds (1-4), callilongisins A-D, and five known compounds, ursolic acid, 3-oxoanticopalic acid, (E)-6β-hydroxylabda-8(17),13-dien-15-oic acid, 5-hydroxy-3,6,7,4'-tetramethoxyflavone, and artemetin. Compounds 1-3 are 3,4-seco-abietane-type diterpenoids, and compound 4 is an analogue of a labdenoic-type diterpene. The structure of compound 1 was confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis. Cytotoxicity against a human prostate cancer cell line (PC3) and anti-inflammatory activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Wei Liu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Jen-Ai Road, Section 1, Taipei 100, Taiwan
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Two new abietane diterpenoids from the caulis and leaves of Callicarpa kochiana. Fitoterapia 2012; 83:1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2011.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2011] [Revised: 09/14/2011] [Accepted: 09/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Wang YM, Xiao H, Liu JK, Wang F. New iridoid glycosides from the twigs and leaves of Callicarpa formosana var. formosana. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2010; 12:220-226. [PMID: 20390769 DOI: 10.1080/10286020903569434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Four new iridoid glycosides, 6-O-benzoylphlorigidoside B (1), 6-O-trans-cinnamoylphlorigidoside B (2), 6-O-trans-p-coumaroylshanzhiside methyl ester (3), and 4'-O-trans-p-coumaroylmussaenoside (4), were isolated from the EtOH extract of the twigs and leaves of Callicarpa formosana var. formosana. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis.
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Castro A, Coll J. Neo-Clerodane Diterpenoids from Verbenaceae: Structural Elucidation and Biological Activity. Nat Prod Commun 2008. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x0800300630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the occurrence and structural elucidation of neo-clerodane type diterpenes from Verbenaceae (no matter if recently reclassified based on phylogenetic research) and the semisynthetic compounds of closely related structure obtained. Biological activities of crude extracts and isolated diterpenes will be briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaya Castro
- Departament de Química Orgànica Biològica, Institut d'Investigacions Químiques i Ambientals de Barcelona “Josep Pascual Vila”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, J. Girona 18, Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Josep Coll
- Departament de Química Orgànica Biològica, Institut d'Investigacions Químiques i Ambientals de Barcelona “Josep Pascual Vila”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, J. Girona 18, Barcelona 08034, Spain
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Jones WP, Kinghorn AD. BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE NATURAL PRODUCTS OF THE GENUS CALLICARPA. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 4:15-32. [PMID: 19830264 DOI: 10.2174/157340708784533393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
About 20 species from Callicarpa have reported ethnobotanical and ethnomedical uses, and several members of this genus are well known in the traditional medical systems of China and South Asia. Ethnomedical reports indicate their use in the treatment of hepatitis, rheumatism, fever, headache, indigestion, and other ailments. Several species of Callicarpa have been reported to be used against cancer (e.g., Callicarpa americana root to treat skin cancer and Callicarpa rubella bark to treat tumors of the large intestine). Extracts from about 14 species in this genus have been evaluated for biological activity, including antibacterial, antifungal, anti-insect growth, cytotoxic, and phytotoxic activities. In addition to amino acids, benzenoids, simple carbohydrates, and lipids, numerous diterpenes, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, phytosterols, sesquiterpenes, and triterpenes have been detected in or isolated from the genus Callicarpa. The essential oils of Callicarpa americana have recently been reported to have antialgal and phytotoxic activities, and several isolates from this species (and C. japonica) were identified as contributing to the mosquito bite-deterrent activity that was first indicated by folkloric usage. Recent bioassay-guided investigations of C. americana extracts have resulted in the isolation of several active compounds, mainly of the clerodane diterpene structural type.
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Affiliation(s)
- William P Jones
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, U.S.A
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Cruz-Ortega R, Ayala-Cordero G, Anaya AL. Allelochemical stress produced by the aqueous leachate of Callicarpa acuminata: effects on roots of bean, maize, and tomato. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2002; 116:20-27. [PMID: 12207658 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-3054.2002.1160103.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The in vitro effects of an aqueous leachate (1%) of Callicarpa acuminata Kunth. (Verbenaceae) on radicle growth, protein expression, catalase activity, free radical production and membrane lipid peroxidation in roots of bean, maize, and tomato were examined. Aqueous extract of C. acuminata inhibited the radicle growth of tomato by 47%, but had no effect on root growth of maize and beans. 2D-PAGE and densitometry analysis showed that C. acuminata aqueous leachate modified the expression of various proteins in the roots of all treated plants. In treated bean roots, microsequencing analysis of an 11.3-kDa protein, whose expression was enhanced by leachate treatment, revealed a 99% similarity with subunits of alpha-amylase inhibitor of other beans. A 27.5-kDa protein induced in treated tomato showed 69-95% similarity to glutathione-S-transferases (GST) of other Solanaceae. Spectrophotometric analysis and native gels revealed that catalase activity was increased by 2.2-fold in tomato roots and 1.4-fold in bean roots. No significant changes were observed in treated maize roots. Luminol chemiluminescence levels, a measure of free radicals, increased 3.8-fold in treated tomato roots and 2.1-fold in treated bean roots. Oxidative membrane damage in treated roots was measured by lipid peroxidation rates. In tomato we observed a 2.4-fold increase in peroxidation, however, no effect was observed in maize or beans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Cruz-Ortega
- Departamento de Ecología Funcional y Aplicada. Instituto de Ecología, UNAM. Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, México, D. F. 04510, México
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