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Niazi MR, Hamzehpoor E, Ghamari P, Perepichka IF, Perepichka DF. Nitroaromatics as n-type organic semiconductors for field effect transistors. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:6432-6435. [PMID: 32393948 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc01236j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The nitro group (NO2) is one of the most common electron-withdrawing groups but it has rarely been used in the design of organic semiconductors (OSCs). Herein, we report the n-type semiconducting behavior of simple fluorenone derivatives functionalized with NO2 and CN groups. While the electron mobilities measured in the thin film field-effect transistors are modest (10-6-10-4 cm2 V-1 s-1), the nitrofluorenone OSCs offer excellent air-stability and remarkable tunability of energy levels via facile modification of the substitution pattern. We study the effect of substituents on the electrochemical properties, molecular and crystal structure, and the charge transport properties of nitrofluorenones to revitalize the underestimated potential of NO2 functionalization in organic electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Rizwan Niazi
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B1, Canada.
| | - Ehsan Hamzehpoor
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B1, Canada.
| | - Pegah Ghamari
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B1, Canada.
| | - Igor F Perepichka
- Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Dmitrii F Perepichka
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B1, Canada.
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2
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Banerjee M, Ghosh M, Pradhan S, Sanmartín Matalobos J, Rej A, Hira SK, Das D. Azouracil and Its Cu(II)-Catalyzed Cyclization to an Anticancer Active Triazole Derivative: Symmetrical and Asymmetrical Reductive Cleavage, DNA Interaction, and Molecular Docking Studies. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:1184-1196. [PMID: 35021367 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The 6-amino-1,3-dimethyl uracil-based azo derivative (p-carboxy phenylazouracil, L11) undergoes Cu(II)-catalyzed cyclization to a triazole derivative, namely, 1,3-dimethyl-8-(p-carboxy phenyl) azapurine (L11P). Interestingly, the azo functionality of L11 undergoes both symmetrical and asymmetrical reductive cleavage at two different reaction conditions. The chloride salts of Mn(II), Ni(II), and Pd(II) catalyze reductive cleavage of an azo moiety in an asymmetric manner, producing a new uracil hydrazine derivative (A3). On the other hand, hydrazine catalyzes symmetrical reductive cleavage of the azo moiety of L11, resulting in 5,6-diamino-1,3-dimethyl uracil (A2) along with the starting p-aminobenzoic acid (A1). Time-dependent density functional theoretical (TD-DFT) studies provide optimized geometries of L11, L11P, and A3 along with their orbital energies. The L11 and L11P bind firmly to genomic DNA of E. coli with a site size n ∼ 9 and n ∼ 8. The L11P shows anticancer activity on selected murine lymphoma cancer cell lines (DL, YAC1, and 2PK3). In addition, its antiproliferative activity is measured with several cancer cell lines and found hemocompatible toward blood cells. Corresponding molecular docking studies of L11P with caspase-3 (cysteine-aspartic proteases) unlock their mode of interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahuya Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal 713104, India
| | - Milan Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal 713104, India
| | - Sayantan Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India
| | - Jesús Sanmartín Matalobos
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Avda. Das Ciencias s/n, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Abhinandan Rej
- Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal 713104, India
| | - Sumit Kumar Hira
- Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal 713104, India
| | - Debasis Das
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal 713104, India
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3
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Park JS, Tran TT, Kim J, Sessler JL. Electrochemical amphotericity and NIR absorption induced via the step-wise protonation of fused quinoxaline-tetrathiafulvalene-pyrroles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:4553-4556. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc02018c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
We describe an effective approach to producing electrochemical amphoteric character and tuning optical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Su Park
- Department of Chemistry
- Sookmyung Womens's University
- Yongsan-gu
- South Korea
| | - Trang Thu Tran
- Department of Chemistry
- Sookmyung Womens's University
- Yongsan-gu
- South Korea
| | - Jongmin Kim
- Division of Biological Sciences
- Sookmyung Womens's University
- Yongsan-gu
- South Korea
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4
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Wang Y, Liu Y, Jin L, Yin B. T-shaped monopyridazinotetrathiafulvalene-amino acid diad based chiral organogels with aggregation-induced fluorescence emission. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:6373-6384. [PMID: 27418524 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm01249c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A series of pyridazine coupled tetrathiafulvalene T-shaped derivatives with varying amino acid moieties have been synthesized and their gelation properties were studied in various organic solvents. Among these derivatives, two gelators bearing glycine or phenylalanine units display efficient gelation in aromatic and polar solvents. Interestingly, these gelators, except for the gelator containing two tryptophan units, are able to gel DMF via a solution-to-gel transformation when triggered with sonication for less than 20 s or cooled below zero. A number of experiments revealed that these gelator molecules self-assembled into elastically interpenetrating three-dimensional chiral fibrillar aggregates. Importantly, all of the resulting gels result in a dramatic enhancement of the fluorescence intensity compared with their hot solution in spite of the absence of a conventional fluorophore unit and the fluorescence was effectively quenched by the introduction of C60. Moreover, the gelators can be utilized for the removal of different types of toxic molecules, such as aromatic solvents and cationic dyes, from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- A Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Yanbian University, Ministry of Education, Yanji, Jilin 133002, P. R. China.
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5
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Jayamurugan G, Gowri V, Hernández D, Martin S, González-Orive A, Dengiz C, Dumele O, Pérez-Murano F, Gisselbrecht JP, Boudon C, Schweizer WB, Breiten B, Finke AD, Jeschke G, Bernet B, Ruhlmann L, Cea P, Diederich F. Design and Synthesis of Aviram-Ratner-Type Dyads and Rectification Studies in Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) Films. Chemistry 2016; 22:10539-47. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201505216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Govindasamy Jayamurugan
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland), Fax: (+41) 44-632-1109
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre, Sector-64, Phase-X; Mohali India
| | - Vijayendran Gowri
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland), Fax: (+41) 44-632-1109
| | - David Hernández
- Departamento de Química Física; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Zaragoza; 50009 Zaragoza Spain), Fax: (+34) 976-761-202
| | - Santiago Martin
- Departamento de Química Física; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Zaragoza; 50009 Zaragoza Spain), Fax: (+34) 976-761-202
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón (ICMA); Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC; 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Alejandro González-Orive
- Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragón (INA) and Laboratorio de Microscopias Avanzadas (LMA), Edificio i+d. Campus Rio Ebro; Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Mariano Esquillor, s/n; 50017 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Cagatay Dengiz
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland), Fax: (+41) 44-632-1109
| | - Oliver Dumele
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland), Fax: (+41) 44-632-1109
| | - Francesc Pérez-Murano
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM, CSIC), Campus UAB; 08193 Bellaterra Spain
| | - Jean-Paul Gisselbrecht
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie et de Chimie Physique du Corps Solide; Institut de Chimie-UMR 7177, C.N.R.S.; Université de Strasbourg; 4 rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032 67081 Strasbourg Cedex France
| | - Corinne Boudon
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie et de Chimie Physique du Corps Solide; Institut de Chimie-UMR 7177, C.N.R.S.; Université de Strasbourg; 4 rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032 67081 Strasbourg Cedex France
| | - W. Bernd Schweizer
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland), Fax: (+41) 44-632-1109
| | - Benjamin Breiten
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland), Fax: (+41) 44-632-1109
| | - Aaron D. Finke
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland), Fax: (+41) 44-632-1109
| | - Gunnar Jeschke
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry; ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Bruno Bernet
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland), Fax: (+41) 44-632-1109
| | - Laurent Ruhlmann
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie et de Chimie Physique du Corps Solide; Institut de Chimie-UMR 7177, C.N.R.S.; Université de Strasbourg; 4 rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032 67081 Strasbourg Cedex France
| | - Pilar Cea
- Departamento de Química Física; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Zaragoza; 50009 Zaragoza Spain), Fax: (+34) 976-761-202
- Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragón (INA) and Laboratorio de Microscopias Avanzadas (LMA), Edificio i+d. Campus Rio Ebro; Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Mariano Esquillor, s/n; 50017 Zaragoza Spain
| | - François Diederich
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland), Fax: (+41) 44-632-1109
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6
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Souto M, Solano MV, Jensen M, Bendixen D, Delchiaro F, Girlando A, Painelli A, Jeppesen JO, Rovira C, Ratera I, Veciana J. Self-Assembled Architectures with Segregated Donor and Acceptor Units of a Dyad Based on a Monopyrrolo-Annulated TTF-PTM Radical. Chemistry 2015; 21:8816-25. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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7
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Bergkamp JJ, Decurtins S, Liu SX. Current advances in fused tetrathiafulvalene donor–acceptor systems. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:863-74. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00255e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Development and applications of tetrathiafulvalene-fused electron donor–acceptor systems will be covered within this tutorial review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse J. Bergkamp
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Bern
- 3012 Bern
- Switzerland
| | - Silvio Decurtins
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Bern
- 3012 Bern
- Switzerland
| | - Shi-Xia Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Bern
- 3012 Bern
- Switzerland
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8
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Huang YD, Huo P, Shao MY, Yin JX, Shen WC, Zhu QY, Dai J. A New Type of Charge-Transfer Salts Based on Tetrathiafulvalene–Tetracarboxylate Coordination Polymers and Methyl Viologen. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:3480-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ic402926n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-De Huang
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Huo
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming-Yan Shao
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing-Xue Yin
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei-Chun Shen
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qin-Yu Zhu
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
- State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Dai
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
- State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People’s Republic of China
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9
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Liu CG. Redox and photoisomerisation switching the second-order nonlinear optical properties of a tetrathiafulvalene derivative across ten stable states: a DFT study. Mol Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2013.807367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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10
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El-Nahass MM, Kamel MA, El-Deeb AF, Atta AA, Huthaily SY. Density functional theory (DFT) investigation of molecular structure and frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs) of P-N,N-dimethylaminobenzylidenemalononitrile (DBM). SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2011; 79:1499-1504. [PMID: 21640638 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2011.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2011] [Revised: 04/28/2011] [Accepted: 05/05/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
P-N,N-dimethylaminobenzylidenemalononitrile (DBM) dye belongs to a class of organic compounds known as molecular rotors. Its optimized geometry and frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), before and after ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, were obtained by DFT/B3LYP level with complete relaxation in the potential energy surface using 6-311++G(d,p) basis set. It is found that the length of C-C bonds of the DBM molecule increases after the UV irradiation, which leads to an increase in its dipole moment making it as a promising material for solar cell applications. Also, its HOMO-LUMO gap decreased from 3.46 to 3.34 eV. From the cyclic voltammetry measurements the value of HOMO-LUMO gap is equal to 3.21 eV. This means that B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level of theory is the best one for calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M El-Nahass
- Physics Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Roxy, 11757 Cairo, Egypt
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11
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QSRR-based estimation of the retention time of opiate and sedative drugs by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography. Med Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-011-9727-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Jia C, Zhang J, Zhang L, Yao X. A Novel Conjugated Donor-Acceptor System Based on Tetrathiafulvalene Merging Pyrene Unit: Synthesis, Physical Properties and Theoretical Calculations. HETEROCYCLES 2011. [DOI: 10.3987/com-11-12177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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13
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Jia C, Zhang J, Zhang L, Yao X. Structure-property relationships in conjugated donor–acceptor systems functionalized with tetrathiafulvalene. NEW J CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1nj20384c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Zhang X, Wang C, Lai G, Zhang L, Shen Y. Conjugated ethynylene-fluorenepolymers with electro-donating TTF as pendant groups: Synthesis, electrochemical and spectroscopic properties. NEW J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/b9nj00520j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Guégano X, Kanibolotsky AL, Blum C, Mertens SFL, Liu SX, Neels A, Hagemann H, Skabara PJ, Leutwyler S, Wandlowski T, Hauser A, Decurtins S. Pronounced electrochemical amphotericity of a fused donor-acceptor compound: a planar merge of TTF with a TCNQ-type bithienoquinoxaline. Chemistry 2009; 15:63-6. [PMID: 19053109 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200802011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Guégano
- Department für Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
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16
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Sharmoukh W, Ko KC, Park SY, Ko JH, Lee JM, Noh C, Lee JY, Son SU. Molecular Design and Preparation of Bis-isophthalate Electrochromic Systems having Controllable Color and Bistability. Org Lett 2008; 10:5365-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ol802208x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. Sharmoukh
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea, and Display Laboratory, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Suwon 440-600, Korea
| | - Kyoung Chul Ko
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea, and Display Laboratory, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Suwon 440-600, Korea
| | - So Yeon Park
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea, and Display Laboratory, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Suwon 440-600, Korea
| | - Ju Hong Ko
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea, and Display Laboratory, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Suwon 440-600, Korea
| | - Ji Min Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea, and Display Laboratory, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Suwon 440-600, Korea
| | - Changho Noh
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea, and Display Laboratory, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Suwon 440-600, Korea
| | - Jin Yong Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea, and Display Laboratory, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Suwon 440-600, Korea
| | - Seung Uk Son
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea, and Display Laboratory, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Suwon 440-600, Korea
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17
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Perepichka DF, Perepichka IF, Ivasenko O, Moore AJ, Bryce MR, Kuz'mina LG, Batsanov AS, Sokolov NI. Combining high electron affinity and intramolecular charge transfer in 1,3-dithiole-nitrofluorene push-pull diads. Chemistry 2008; 14:2757-70. [PMID: 18240117 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200701459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Attaching electron-rich 1,3-dithiol-2-ylidene moieties to polynitrofluorene electron acceptors leads to the formation of highly conjugated compounds 6 to 11, which combine high electron affinity with a pronounced intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) that is manifested as an intense absorption band in their visible spectra. Such a rare combination of optical and electronic properties is beneficial for several applications in optoelectronics. Thus, incorporation of fluorene-dithiole derivative 6a into photoconductive films affords photothermoplastic storage media with dramatically increased photosensitivity in the ICT region. A wide structural variation of the dithiole and fluorene parts of the molecules reveals excellent correlation between the ICT energy and the reduction potential with the Hammett's parameters for the substituents. Although only a small solvatochromism of the ICT band was observed, heating the solution led to a pronounced blueshift, which was probably as a result of increased twisting around the C9=C14 bond that links the fluorene and dithiole moieties. X-ray crystallographic analysis of 7a, 8a, 10a, 11a and 13a confirms an ICT interaction in the ground state of the molecules. The C9=C14 double bond between the donor and acceptor is substantially elongated and its length increases as the donor character of the dithiole moiety is enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitrii F Perepichka
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal H3A 2K6, QC, Canada.
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18
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Wu H, Zhang D, Zhang G, Zhu D. New substituted tetrathiafulvalene-quinone dyads: the influences of electron accepting abilities of quinone units on the metal ion-promoted electron-transfer processes. J Org Chem 2008; 73:4271-4. [PMID: 18444678 DOI: 10.1021/jo800581t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The metal ion-promoted electron transfer occurs to all new dyads 1, 2, 3, and 4, even one of them, dyad 4, which has a rather weak electron acceptor unit. The results also indicate that the metal ion-promoted electron transfer within the dyads is influenced by the electron accepting abilities of quinone units; dyad 2 with the strongest electron acceptor among the four dyads shows the strongest absorption and ESR signals attributed to TTF.+ in the presence of metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Organic Solids Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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19
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Balandier JY, Belyasmine A, Sallé M. Tetrathiafulvalene–Imine–Pyridine Assemblies for Pb2+ Recognition. European J Org Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200700705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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20
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Wu H, Zhang D, Zhu D. Binaphthalene with substituted tetrathiafulvalene and trichloroquinone: a new example of metal ion-promoted electron transfer. Tetrahedron Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.10.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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21
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A tetrathiafulvalene–tetracyanoanthraquinodimethane (TTF–TCNAQ) diad with a chemically tunable HOMO–LUMO gap. Tetrahedron 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2007.08.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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22
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Skabara PJ, Berridge R, Serebryakov IM, Kanibolotsky AL, Kanibolotskaya L, Gordeyev S, Perepichka IF, Sariciftci NS, Winder C. Fluorene functionalised sexithiophenes—utilising intramolecular charge transfer to extend the photocurrent spectrum in organic solar cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1039/b609858d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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23
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Amriou S, Perepichka IF, Batsanov AS, Bryce MR, Rovira C, Vidal-Gancedo J. Remarkable Interplay of Redox States and Conformational Changes in a Sterically Crowded, Cross-Conjugated Tetrathiafulvalene Vinylog. Chemistry 2006; 12:5481-94. [PMID: 16718729 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200600244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Derivatives of 9-[2-(1,3-dithiol-2-ylidene)ethylidene]thioxanthene have been synthesized using Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reactions of (1,3-dithiol-2-yl)phosphonate reagents with thioxanthen-9-ylidene-acetaldehyde (5). Further reactions lead to the sterically crowded cross-conjugated "vinylogous tetrathiafulvalene" derivative 9-[2,3-bis-(4,5-dimethyl-1,3-dithiol-2-ylidene)-propylidene]thioxanthene (10). X-ray crystallography, solution electrochemistry, optical spectroscopy, spectroelectrochemistry, and simultaneous electrochemistry and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, combined with theoretical calculations performed at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level, elucidate the interplay of the electronic and structural properties in these molecules. For compound 10, multistage redox behavior is observed: the overall electrochemical process can be represented by 10-->10(.+)-->10(2+)-->10(4+) with good reversibility for the 10-->10(.+)-->10(2+) transformations. At the tetracation stage there is the maximum gain in aromaticity at the dithiolium and thioxanthenium rings. Theory predicts that for 10, 10(.+), and 10(2+) the trans isomers are more stable than the cis isomers (by ca. 2-18 kJ mol(-1)), whereas for 10(4+) the cis isomer becomes more stable than the trans isomer (by ca. 25 kJ mol(-1)) [trans and cis refer to the arrangement of the two dithiole moieties with respect to the central ==C(R)--C(H)== fragment]. These data explain the detection in cyclic voltammograms of both trans and cis isomers of 10 and 10(.+) during the reduction of 10(4+) at fast scan rates (>100 mV s(-1)) when the cis-trans isomerization is not completed within the timescale of the experiment. The X-ray structure of the charge-transfer complex (CTC) of 10 with 2,4,5,7-tetranitrofluorene-9-dicyanomethylenefluorene (DTeF) [stoichiometry: 10(.+)(DTeF)(2) (.-)2 PhCl] reveals a twisted conformation of 10(.+) (driven by the bulky thioxanthene moiety) and provides a very rare example of segregated stacking of a fluorene acceptor in a CTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia Amriou
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Molecular and Nanoscale Electronics, University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
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Zhang G, Zhang D, Zhao X, Ai X, Zhang J, Zhu D. Assembly of a Tetrathiafulvalene-Anthracene Dyad on the Surfaces of Gold Nanoparticles: Tuning the Excited-State Properties of the Anthracene Unit in the Dyad. Chemistry 2006; 12:1067-73. [PMID: 16240316 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200500524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Due to the unique features of the tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) unit, such as the electron-donating ability and presence of methylthio groups, dyad 1 can be assembled on the surfaces of gold nanoparticles, as indicated by absorption, electrochemical, and fluorescent-spectral studies. Dyad 1 can also be disassembled by the addition of thiols. Assembly of dyad 1 on the surfaces of gold nanoparticles leads to the formation of a triad (A1-D-A2), which in turn modulates the photoinduced electron-transfer process within dyad 1. Accordingly, the fluorescence intensity of dyad 1, after assembly with gold nanoparticles, increases, and the fluorescence lifetime is prolonged. Furthermore, the assembly of dyad 1 on gold nanoparticles facilitates photodimerization of the anthracene units of dyad 1. Both fluorescence and photodimerization are associated with the excited-state behavior of the anthracene unit, thus it may be concluded that the excited-state properties of the anthracene unit can be tuned upon complexation with gold nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanxin Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Center for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
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Ho G, Heath JR, Kondratenko M, Perepichka DF, Arseneault K, Pézolet M, Bryce MR. The First Studies of a Tetrathiafulvalene-σ-Acceptor Molecular Rectifier. Chemistry 2005; 11:2914-22. [PMID: 15719357 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200401121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Langmuir-Blodgett monolayers of a donor-acceptor diad TTF-sigma-(trinitrofluorene) (8) with an extremely low HOMO-LUMO gap (0.3 eV) have been used to create molecular junction devices that show rectification behavior. By virtue of structural similarities and position of molecular orbitals, 8 is the closest well-studied analogue of the model Aviram-Ratner unimolecular rectifier (TTF-sigma-TCNQ). Compressing the monolayer results in aligning the molecules, and is followed by a drastic increase in the rectification ratio. The direction of rectification depends on the electrodes used and is different in n-Si/8/Ti and Au/8/C16H33S-Hg junctions. The molecular nature of such behavior was corroborated by control experiments with fatty acids and by reversing the rectification direction with changing the molecular orientation (Au/D-sigma-A versus Au/A-sigma-D).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Ho
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Bendikov M, Wudl F, Perepichka DF. Tetrathiafulvalenes, Oligoacenenes, and Their Buckminsterfullerene Derivatives: The Brick and Mortar of Organic Electronics. Chem Rev 2004; 104:4891-946. [PMID: 15535637 DOI: 10.1021/cr030666m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1269] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bendikov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Exotic Materials Institute, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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Fundamentals and applications of near infrared spectroscopy in spectroelectrochemistry. J Solid State Electrochem 2004. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-004-0524-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Guo X, Zhang D, Zhang H, Fan Q, Xu W, Ai X, Fan L, Zhu D. Donor–acceptor–donor triads incorporating tetrathiafulvalene and perylene diimide units: synthesis, electrochemical and spectroscopic studies. Tetrahedron 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(03)00700-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Perepichka DF, Bryce MR, Perepichka IF, Lyubchik SB, Christensen CA, Godbert N, Batsanov AS, Levillain E, McInnes EJL, Zhao JP. A (pi-extended tetrathiafulvalene)-fluorene conjugate. Unusual electrochemistry and charge transfer properties: the first observation of a covalent D(2+)-sigma-A(.-) redox state(1). J Am Chem Soc 2002; 124:14227-38. [PMID: 12440922 DOI: 10.1021/ja012518o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of novel electrochemically amphoteric TTFAQ-sigma-A compounds (TTFAQ = 9,10-bis(1,3-dithiol-2-ylidene)-9,10-dihydroanthracene, sigma = saturated spacer, A = polynitrofluorene acceptor) is reported. Their solution redox behavior is characterized by three single-electron reduction and one two-electron oxidation waves. Electrochemical quasireversibility of the TTFAQ(2+) state and a low E(ox) - E(red) gap ( approximately 0.25 V) for 3-(9-dicyanomethylene-4,5,7-trinitrofluorene-2-sulfonyl)-propionic acid 2-[10-(4,5-dimethyl-[1,3]dithiol-2-ylidene)-9,10-dihydroanthracen-9-ylidene]-5-methyl-[1,3]dithiol-4-ylmethyl ester (10) has enabled the electrochemical generation of the hitherto unknown transient D(2+)-sigma-A(.-) state as observed in cyclic voltammetry and time-resolved spectroelectrochemistry. The ground state of compound 10 was shown to be ionic in the solid but is essentially neutral in solution (according to electron paramagnetic resonance). The X-ray structure of an intermolecular 1:2 complex between 2-[2,7-bis(2-hydroxyethoxy)-9,10-bis(4,5-dimethyl-[1,3]dithiol-2-ylidene)-9,10-dihydroanthracene and 2,5,7-trinitro-4-bromo-9-dicyanomethylenefluorene, 14.(17)(2), reveals, for the first time, full electron transfer in a fluorene charge-transfer complex.
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