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Santos Filho EBD, Brum AS, Souza GADE, Figueiredo RG, Usma CD, Ricetti JHZ, Trevisan C, Leppe M, Sayão JM, Lima FJ, Oliveira GR, Kellner AWA. First record of insect-plant interaction in Late Cretaceous fossils from Nelson Island (South Shetland Islands Archipelago), Antarctica. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2023; 95:e20231268. [PMID: 38088643 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202320231268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the enormous paleobotanical record on different islands of the Antarctic Peninsula, the evidence of insect activity associated with fossilized plants is scarce. Here we report the first evidence of insect-plant interaction from Cretaceous deposits, more precisely from a new locality at the Rip Point area, Nelson Island (Antarctic Peninsula). The macrofossil assemblage includes isolated Nothofagus sp. leaf impressions, a common component of the Antarctic paleoflora. Two hundred leaves were examined, of which 15 showed evidence of insect activity, displaying variations in size, shape, and preservation. Two types of interaction damage, galls and mines, were identified. A single specimen retained a circular scar recognized as galling scar, while meandering tracks were considered mines. These traces of herbivore insect activity, correspond to the oldest known record of this type of interaction of West Antarctica and the oldest record of insect-plant interaction in Nothofagus sp. reported so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edilson B Dos Santos Filho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Arthur S Brum
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista, s/n, São Cristóvão, 20940-040 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Museu Nacional/ Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Geologia e Paleontologia, Laboratório de Paleobiologia e Paleogeografia Antártica, Quinta da Boa Vista, São Cristóvão, 20940-040 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Geovane A DE Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista, s/n, São Cristóvão, 20940-040 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Museu Nacional/ Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Geologia e Paleontologia, Laboratório de Paleobiologia e Paleogeografia Antártica, Quinta da Boa Vista, São Cristóvão, 20940-040 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo G Figueiredo
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saúde, Departamento de Biologia, Alto Universitário, s/n, Guararema, 29500-000 Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Cristian D Usma
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Núcleo de Estudos Geoquímicos, Laboratório de Isótopos Estáveis, NEG-LABISE/CTG, Av. Acadêmico Hélio Ramos, s/n, 50740-530 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - João Henrique Z Ricetti
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Geociências, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91509-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Universidade do Contestado, Centro de Pesquisas Paleontológicas, Av. Pres. Nereu Ramos, 1071, 89304-076 Mafra, SC, Brazil
| | - Cristine Trevisan
- Antarctic and Patagonia Paleobiology Laboratory, Chilean Antarctic Institute-INACH, Lautaro Navarro 1245, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Marcelo Leppe
- Antarctic and Patagonia Paleobiology Laboratory, Chilean Antarctic Institute-INACH, Lautaro Navarro 1245, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Juliana M Sayão
- Museu Nacional/ Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Geologia e Paleontologia, Laboratório de Paleobiologia e Paleogeografia Antártica, Quinta da Boa Vista, São Cristóvão, 20940-040 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Flaviana J Lima
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Laboratório de Plantas do Gondwana, Centro Acadêmico de Vitória, Rua do Alto Reservatório, s/n, Bela Vista, 55608-680 Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
| | - Gustavo R Oliveira
- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Paleontologia e Sistemática, Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, 52171-900 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Alexander W A Kellner
- Museu Nacional/ Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Geologia e Paleontologia, Laboratório de Paleobiologia e Paleogeografia Antártica, Quinta da Boa Vista, São Cristóvão, 20940-040 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Geologia e Paleontologia, Laboratório de Sistemática e Tafonomia de Vertebrados Fósseis, Quinta da Boa Vista, s/n, São Cristóvão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Natural products isolation studies of the paleoendemic plant species Nothofagus gunnii and Nothofagus cunninghamii. Fitoterapia 2021; 156:105088. [PMID: 34798163 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2021.105088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The first natural product isolation studies of Nothofagus gunnii (Hook.f.) Oerst and Nothofagus cunninghamii (Hook.f.) Oerst have been undertaken. A previously unreported stilbene derivative, pinosylvin monoacetate, was isolated from the leaves of N. gunnii, in addition to 14 known compounds; including the flavonoids galangin, pinobanksin, catechin and quercetin; sesquiterpenoids such as, ilicol and (+)-β-costol acetate; 2,4-dihydroxy-6-methoxychalcone and pinosylvin. Four known flavonoid natural products, catechin, quercetin, ayanin, and avicularin were isolated from the leaves of N. cunninghamii. This study reveals that N. gunnii is a rich source of flavonoid, chalcone and stilbene compounds, while primarily hydroxyflavonoid compounds are found in N. cunninghamii. The isolated phytochemicals are consistent with the evolutionary relationships suggested to exist among Nothofagus species.
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Vega-Celedón P, Bravo G, Velásquez A, Cid FP, Valenzuela M, Ramírez I, Vasconez IN, Álvarez I, Jorquera MA, Seeger M. Microbial Diversity of Psychrotolerant Bacteria Isolated from Wild Flora of Andes Mountains and Patagonia of Chile towards the Selection of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacterial Consortia to Alleviate Cold Stress in Plants. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9030538. [PMID: 33807836 PMCID: PMC7998784 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9030538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold stress decreases the growth and productivity of agricultural crops. Psychrotolerant plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) may protect and promote plant growth at low temperatures. The aims of this study were to isolate and characterize psychrotolerant PGPB from wild flora of Andes Mountains and Patagonia of Chile and to formulate PGPB consortia. Psychrotolerant strains were isolated from 11 wild plants (rhizosphere and phyllosphere) during winter of 2015. For the first time, bacteria associated with Calycera, Orites, and Chusquea plant genera were reported. More than 50% of the 130 isolates showed ≥33% bacterial cell survival at temperatures below zero. Seventy strains of Pseudomonas, Curtobacterium, Janthinobacterium, Stenotrophomonas, Serratia, Brevundimonas, Xanthomonas, Frondihabitans, Arthrobacter, Pseudarthrobacter, Paenarthrobacter, Brachybacterium, Clavibacter, Sporosarcina, Bacillus, Solibacillus, Flavobacterium, and Pedobacter genera were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses. Ten strains were selected based on psychrotolerance, auxin production, phosphate solubilization, presence of nifH (nitrogenase reductase) and acdS (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase) genes, and anti-phytopathogenic activities. Two of the three bacterial consortia formulated promoted tomato plant growth under normal and cold stress conditions. The bacterial consortium composed of Pseudomonas sp. TmR5a & Curtobacterium sp. BmP22c that possesses ACC deaminase and ice recrystallization inhibition activities is a promising candidate for future cold stress studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Vega-Celedón
- Molecular Microbiology and Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2390123, Chile; (G.B.); (A.V.); (M.V.); (I.-N.V.); (I.Á.)
- Center of Biotechnology “Dr. Daniel Alkalay Lowitt”, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, General Bari 699, Valparaíso 2390136, Chile;
- Correspondence: (P.V.-C.); (M.S.); Tel.: +56-322654685 (P.V.-C.)
| | - Guillermo Bravo
- Molecular Microbiology and Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2390123, Chile; (G.B.); (A.V.); (M.V.); (I.-N.V.); (I.Á.)
- Center of Biotechnology “Dr. Daniel Alkalay Lowitt”, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, General Bari 699, Valparaíso 2390136, Chile;
| | - Alexis Velásquez
- Molecular Microbiology and Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2390123, Chile; (G.B.); (A.V.); (M.V.); (I.-N.V.); (I.Á.)
- Center of Biotechnology “Dr. Daniel Alkalay Lowitt”, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, General Bari 699, Valparaíso 2390136, Chile;
| | - Fernanda P. Cid
- Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana Aplicada (EMALAB), Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 1145, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (F.P.C.); (M.A.J.)
- Center of Plant-Soil Interaction and Natural Resources Biotechnology, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 1145, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Miryam Valenzuela
- Molecular Microbiology and Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2390123, Chile; (G.B.); (A.V.); (M.V.); (I.-N.V.); (I.Á.)
- Center of Biotechnology “Dr. Daniel Alkalay Lowitt”, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, General Bari 699, Valparaíso 2390136, Chile;
| | - Ingrid Ramírez
- Center of Biotechnology “Dr. Daniel Alkalay Lowitt”, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, General Bari 699, Valparaíso 2390136, Chile;
| | - Ingrid-Nicole Vasconez
- Molecular Microbiology and Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2390123, Chile; (G.B.); (A.V.); (M.V.); (I.-N.V.); (I.Á.)
- Center of Biotechnology “Dr. Daniel Alkalay Lowitt”, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, General Bari 699, Valparaíso 2390136, Chile;
| | - Inaudis Álvarez
- Molecular Microbiology and Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2390123, Chile; (G.B.); (A.V.); (M.V.); (I.-N.V.); (I.Á.)
- Center of Biotechnology “Dr. Daniel Alkalay Lowitt”, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, General Bari 699, Valparaíso 2390136, Chile;
| | - Milko A. Jorquera
- Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana Aplicada (EMALAB), Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 1145, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (F.P.C.); (M.A.J.)
- Center of Plant-Soil Interaction and Natural Resources Biotechnology, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 1145, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Michael Seeger
- Molecular Microbiology and Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2390123, Chile; (G.B.); (A.V.); (M.V.); (I.-N.V.); (I.Á.)
- Center of Biotechnology “Dr. Daniel Alkalay Lowitt”, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, General Bari 699, Valparaíso 2390136, Chile;
- Correspondence: (P.V.-C.); (M.S.); Tel.: +56-322654685 (P.V.-C.)
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Xin M, Guo S, Zhang W, Geng Z, Liang J, Du S, Deng Z, Wang Y. Chemical Constituents of Supercritical Extracts from Alpinia officinarum and the Feeding Deterrent Activity against Tribolium castaneum. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22040647. [PMID: 28420198 PMCID: PMC6154697 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22040647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpinia officinarum has been confirmed to possess bioactivities against some pests. In this work, a sample was obtained from A. officinarum rhizomes by supercritical fluid CO₂ extraction (SFE). According to GC-MS analysis, the main chemical components for SFE-sample included benzylacetone (26.77%), 1,7-diphenyl-5-hydroxy-3-heptanone (17.78%), guaiacylacetone (10.03%) and benzenepropanal (7.42%). The essential oil of A. officinarum rhizomes (LD50 = 20.71 μg/adult) exhibited more contact toxicity than SFE extract (LD50 = 82.72 μg/adult) against Tribolium castaneum. From SFE extracts, one new compound, 1-phenyl-4-(16,17-dimethyl-9,13-octadiene)-5-isopentenyl-7-(4"-methoxyl-3"-hydroxyl-phenyl)-3-heptanone (3), together with five known compounds identified as 5-hydroxy-1,7-diphenyl-3-heptanone (1), 1,7-diphenyl-4-hepten-3-one (2), galangin (4), galangin-3-methyl ether (5) and pinocembrin (6), were isolated and their feeding deterrent activities against T. castaneum adults were assessed. It was found that compounds 1-6 had feeding deterrent activities against T. castaneum with feeding deterrent indices of 18.21%, 18.94%, 19.79%, 26.99%, 20.34%, and 35.81%, respectively, at the concentration of 1500 ppm. Hence, the essential oil and SFE extracts/compounds of A. officinarum rhizomes represent promising alternatives in the control of T. castaneum adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mintong Xin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Shanshan Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Zhufeng Geng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
- Analytical and Testing Center, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Junyu Liang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Shushan Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Zhiwei Deng
- Analytical and Testing Center, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Yongyan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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Möller AL, Kaulfuss U, Lee DE, Wappler T. High richness of insect herbivory from the early Miocene Hindon Maar crater, Otago, New Zealand. PeerJ 2017; 5:e2985. [PMID: 28224051 PMCID: PMC5316282 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants and insects are key components of terrestrial ecosystems and insect herbivory is the most important type of interaction in these ecosystems. This study presents the first analysis of associations between plants and insects for the early Miocene Hindon Maar fossil lagerstätte, Otago, New Zealand. A total of 584 fossil angiosperm leaves representing 24 morphotypes were examined to determine the presence or absence of insect damage types. Of these leaves, 73% show signs of insect damage; they comprise 821 occurrences of damage from 87 damage types representing all eight functional feeding groups. In comparison to other fossil localities, the Hindon leaves display a high abundance of insect damage and a high diversity of damage types. Leaves of Nothofagus(southern beech), the dominant angiosperm in the fossil assemblage, exhibit a similar leaf damage pattern to leaves from the nearby mid to late Miocene Dunedin Volcano Group sites but display a more diverse spectrum and much higher percentage of herbivory damage than a comparable dataset of leaves from Palaeocene and Eocene sites in the Antarctic Peninsula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lena Möller
- Steinmann Institute for Geology, Mineralogy and Palaeontology, Division Palaeontology, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn , Bonn , Germany
| | - Uwe Kaulfuss
- Department of Geology, University of Otago , Dunedin , New Zealand
| | - Daphne E Lee
- Department of Geology, University of Otago , Dunedin , New Zealand
| | - Torsten Wappler
- Steinmann Institute for Geology, Mineralogy and Palaeontology, Division Palaeontology, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Current affiliation: Hessisches Landesmuseum Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
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Pietrantuono AL, Bruzzone OA, Fernández-Arhex V. The role of leaf cellulose content in determining host plant preferences of three defoliating insects present in the Andean-Patagonian forest. AUSTRAL ECOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.12460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. L. Pietrantuono
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche; CONICET - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; CC277, Av. Modesta Victoria 4450 8400 San Carlos de Bariloche Río Negro Argentina
| | - O. A. Bruzzone
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche; CONICET - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; CC277, Av. Modesta Victoria 4450 8400 San Carlos de Bariloche Río Negro Argentina
| | - V. Fernández-Arhex
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche; CONICET - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; CC277, Av. Modesta Victoria 4450 8400 San Carlos de Bariloche Río Negro Argentina
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Stompor M, Dancewicz K, Gabryś B, Anioł M. Insect Antifeedant Potential of Xanthohumol, Isoxanthohumol, and Their Derivatives. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:6749-6756. [PMID: 26176501 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b02025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Xanthohumol (14) and isoxanthohumol (6) derived from hop (Humulus lupulus L., Cannabaceae) and selected chalcone and chromene derivatives, obtained by chemical synthesis, were studied for antifeedant activity against the peach-potato aphid (Myzus persicae [Sulz.]). The study used also commercially available 4-chromanone (1), flavanone (4), naringenin (5), chromone (7), flavone (8), 7-aminoflavone (9), trans-chalcone (10), and 4-methoxychalcone (12). For chromone derivatives it was observed that the presence of a phenyl substituent at C-2 in the chromone (7) skeleton increased the insect antifeedant activity, and this activity was observed for a longer time. Also, the introduction of an amino group at C-7 of flavone (8) considerably increased the insect antifeedant activity, which was observed for the whole test time. Among the compounds examined, the strongest deterrents were isoxanthohumol (6), 7-methoxy-2,2-dimethylchroman-4-one (3), 7-aminoflavone (9), and 4-ethyl-4'-methoxychalcone (13).
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Stompor
- †Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Dancewicz
- §Department of Botany and Ecology, University of Zielona Góra, Szafrana 1, 65-516 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Beata Gabryś
- §Department of Botany and Ecology, University of Zielona Góra, Szafrana 1, 65-516 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Mirosław Anioł
- †Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
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Lizards on ice: evidence for multiple refugia in Liolaemus pictus (Liolaemidae) during the last glacial maximum in the Southern Andean beech forests. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48358. [PMID: 23209552 PMCID: PMC3507886 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Historical climate changes and orogenesis are two important factors that have shaped intraspecific biodiversity patterns worldwide. Although southern South America has experienced such complex events, there is a paucity of studies examining the effects on intraspecific diversification in this part of the world. Liolaemus pictus is the southernmost distributed lizard in the Chilean temperate forest, whose genetic structure has likely been influenced by Pleistocene glaciations. We conducted a phylogeographic study of L. pictus in Chile and Argentina based on one mitochondrial and two nuclear genes recovering two strongly divergent groups, Northern and Southern clades. The first group is distributed from the northernmost limit of the species to the Araucanía region while the second group is distributed throughout the Andes and the Chiloé archipelago in Southern Chile. Our results suggest that L. pictus originated 751 Kya, with divergence between the two clades occurring in the late Pleistocene. Demographic reconstructions for the Northern and Southern clades indicate a decrease in effective population sizes likely associated with Pleistocene glaciations. Surprisingly, patterns of genetic variation, clades age and historical gene flow in populations distributed within the limits of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) are not explained by recent colonization. We propose an “intra-Andean multiple refuge” hypothesis, along with the classical refuge hypothesis previously proposed for the biota of the Chilean Coastal range and Eastern Andean Cordillera. Our hypothesis is supported by niche modelling analysis suggesting the persistence of fragments of suitable habitat for the species within the limits of the LGM ice shield. This type of refuge hypothesis is proposed for the first time for an ectothermic species.
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Ntalli NG, Caboni P. Botanical nematicides: a review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:9929-9940. [PMID: 22973877 DOI: 10.1021/jf303107j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Despite the uselfuness of nematicidal compounds in agricultural practices, some serious concerns are raised today about their excessive use leading to enhancement of biodegradation mechanisms in soil expressed as lack of efficacy under field conditions and resistance development. Moreover, the phase-out of methyl bromide has led to the need for a valid alternative to organophosporous and carbamate compounds, such us fosthiazate, fenamiphos, oxamyl, and aldicarb. In the past years, intregated pest management strategies have been practised worldwide to maximize crop production while maintaining and contributing to agriculture sustainability. Biopesticides and specifically bionematicides constitute a desirable component of pest management technology and practices. Particularly, in the frame of our ongoing research on natural nematicides of botanical origin, we have reviewed the international bibliography for candidate nematicidal compounds. We report herein the nematicidal activity of plant metabolites on the basis of their chemical characteristics and structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikoletta G Ntalli
- Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly , Fytokou Street, 38446 Nea Ionia-Volos, Magnesia, Greece
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Lavandero B, Labra A, Ramírez CC, Niemeyer HM, Fuentes-Contreras E. Species richness of herbivorous insects on Nothofagus trees in South America and New Zealand: The importance of chemical attributes of the host. Basic Appl Ecol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2007.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Thoison O, Sévenet T, Niemeyer HM, Russell GB. Insect antifeedant compounds from Nothofagus dombeyi and N. pumilio. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2004; 65:2173-2176. [PMID: 15279992 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2004.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2003] [Revised: 03/22/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A bioassay-guided purification of the extracts of Nothofagus dombeyi and N. pumilio leaves yielded several triterpenes and flavonoids including 2-O-acetylmaslinic acid, 3-O-acetyl 20,24,25-trihydroxydammarane, and 3,20,24,25-tetrahydroxydammarane as new natural products. All the isolated compounds were assessed for antifeeding activity against the 5th instar larvae of Ctenopsteustis obliquana. 12-Hydroxyoleanolic lactone and pectolinarigenin from N. dombeyi and dihydrooroxylin A from N. pumilio, showed significant antifeeding activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Odile Thoison
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS, Avenue de la Terrasse, Bat. 27, F-91198, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
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Wollenweber E, Stevens JF, Dörr M, Rozefelds AC. Taxonomic significance of flavonoid variation in temperate species of Nothofagus. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2003; 62:1125-1131. [PMID: 12591267 DOI: 10.1016/s0031-9422(02)00666-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Forty-two flavonoids and a stilbene (pinosylvin) were identified in the leaf exudates of 11 temperate species of Nothofagus from South America, Australia and New Zealand. The flavonoid profiles demonstrate significant taxonomic value at the subgeneric level. Most species of subgenus Fuscospora are characterized by the presence of pinosylvin, galangin and galangin methyl ethers. Kaempferol-type flavonols are abundant in subgenus Lophozonia while these flavonols are largely absent from species of subgenus Fuscospora. The flavonoid patterns are largely in agreement with a recent subgeneric classification of Nothofagus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eckhard Wollenweber
- Institut für Botanik der Technischen Universität, Schnittspahnstrasse 3, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
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Gronquist M, Bezzerides A, Attygalle A, Meinwald J, Eisner M, Eisner T. Attractive and defensive functions of the ultraviolet pigments of a flower (Hypericum calycinum). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001; 98:13745-50. [PMID: 11707571 PMCID: PMC61112 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.231471698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The flower of Hypericum calycinum, which appears uniformly yellow to humans, bears a UV pattern, presumably visible to insects. Two categories of pigments, flavonoids and dearomatized isoprenylated phloroglucinols (DIPs), are responsible for the UV demarcations of this flower. Flavonoids had been shown previously to function as floral UV pigments, but DIPs had not been demonstrated to serve in that capacity. We found the DIPs to be present in high concentration in the anthers and ovarian wall of the flower, suggesting that the compounds also serve in defense. Indeed, feeding tests done with one of the DIPs (hypercalin A) showed the compound to be deterrent and toxic to a caterpillar (Utetheisa ornatrix). The possibility that floral UV pigments fulfill both a visual and a defensive function had not previously been contemplated. DIPs may also serve for protection of female reproductive structures in other plants, for example in hops (Humulus lupulus). The DIPs of hops are put to human use as bitter flavoring agents and preservatives in beer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gronquist
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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