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Bello OM, Oguntoye OS, Dada AO, Bello OE, Ali T, Alhaji AA, Adeniyi O. Phytobiological-facilitated Production of Silver Nanoparticles From Selected Non-cultivated Vegetables in Nigeria and Their Biological Potential. Turk J Pharm Sci 2020; 17:599-609. [PMID: 33389949 DOI: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2019.10846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Plant-mediated synthesis [silver (Ag) to form Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs)] is becoming progressively well accepted in many scientific and pharmaceutical fields. The aim of this study was to synthesize AgNPs using air-dried leaves of four neglected vegetables, i.e. Ceratotheca sesamoides, Ceiba pentandra, Crassocephalum crepidioides, and Launaea taraxacifolia. Materials and Methods Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used for characterization. Cell stabilization membrane and lipoxidase assays were used to determine used to assess the antiinflammatory activities while 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) and 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS+) assays were used to assess the antioxidant activities of AgNPs [L. taraxacifolia-AgNPs, C. sesamoides Ag nanoparticles (CS-AgNPs), C. pentandra Ag nanoparticles (CP-AgNPs), and C. crepidioides AgNPs (CC-AgNPs)]. Results The UV-Vis spectra of the synthesized NPs displayed absorption bands at around 360-440 nm, which is a characteristic band for AgNPs. The SEM image showed that the AgNPs formed were spherical in morphology. CC-AgNPs exhibited the most significant inhibitory activity against human red blood cell membrane stabilizasyonu [median inhibitory concentration (IC50): 32.2 μg/mL] while CS-AgNPs displayed the most significant inhibitory activity against lipoxygenases (IC50: 32.8 μg/mL). CP-AgNPs exhibited the most significant antioxidant effect against both ABTS and DPPH (IC50: 5.5 and 6.4 μg/mL) when compared to ascorbic acid (IC50: 4.7 μg/mL). Conclusion The synthesized AgNPs were found to be stable and the FTIR evidence suggested that the phytochemicals in the vegetables might have played an important role in the reduction and stabilization of AgNPs. This work showed that the synthesized AgNPs from non-cultivated vegetables can find relevance and application in health, drugs, food and environmental science. The evidences herein further confirmed their ethnopharmacological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwasesan M Bello
- University of Ilorin, Department of Chemistry, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Oluwatoyin E Bello
- Landmark University Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Physical Sciences, Industrial Chemistry Programme, Omu Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Tijjani Ali
- Federal University Dutsin-Ma, Department of Applied Chemistry, Dutsin-Ma, Katsina State, Nigeria
| | - Ahmad Abdullahi Alhaji
- Federal University Dutsin-Ma, Department of Applied Chemistry, Dutsin-Ma, Katsina State, Nigeria
| | - Oluwatosin Adeniyi
- Federal University Dutsin-Ma, Department of Applied Chemistry, Dutsin-Ma, Katsina State, Nigeria
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Masondo NA, Finnie JF, Van Staden J. Nutritional and pharmacological potential of the genus Ceratotheca--An underutilized leafy vegetable of Africa. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 178:209-221. [PMID: 26657496 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ceratotheca (Pedaliaceae) is an endemic African genus comprising of five species. The genus is commonly used as a leafy vegetable with medicinal properties. AIM OF THE REVIEW The review aims to highlight the unexplored nutritional and pharmacological potential of African indigenous leafy vegetables Ceratotheca sesamoides and triloba, in order to conserve and domesticate these species. METHODS The information was obtained from various search engines such as Scopus, Google Scholar and Web of Science as well as Ethnobotanical books. RESULTS Ceratotheca sesamoides and triloba have good nutritional potential. The species are high in energy levels, fat content, proteins and carbohydrate values. The species have also been reported to have good antibacterial, antidiarrhoeal, antidiabetic, antiplasmodial and antiviral properties. These species have slight toxicity and cytotoxic activity when extracted at high concentrations but no mutagenic activity was detected. CONCLUSIONS To date, few studies have documented the usage (nutrition and pharmacology) of Ceratotheca sesamoides and triloba. More studies investigating the nutritional content as well as methods of its improvement are necessary if the plant is to be included as a domesticated vegetable crop. Safety and toxicity analysis of this leafy vegetable need to be extensively studied as the plants are consumed in high quantities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nqobile A Masondo
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg Campus, P/Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa
| | - Jeffrey F Finnie
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg Campus, P/Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa
| | - Johannes Van Staden
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg Campus, P/Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa.
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3
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Liu MS, Ko MH, Li HC, Tsai SJ, Lai YM, Chang YM, Wu MT, Chen LFO. Compositional and proteomic analyses of genetically modified broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) harboring an agrobacterial gene. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:15188-209. [PMID: 25170807 PMCID: PMC4200750 DOI: 10.3390/ijms150915188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we showed improved shelf life for agrobacterial isopentenyltransferase (ipt) transgenic broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica), with yield comparable to commercial varieties, because of the protection mechanism offered by molecular chaperones and stress-related proteins. Here, we used proximate analysis to examine macronutrients, chemical and mineral constituents as well as anti-nutrient and protein changes of ipt-transgenic broccoli and corresponding controls. We also preliminarily assessed safety in mice. Most aspects were comparable between ipt-transgenic broccoli and controls, except for a significant increase in carbohydrate level and a decrease in magnesium content in ipt-transgenic lines 101, 102 and 103, as compared with non-transgenic controls. In addition, the anti-nutrient glucosinolate content was increased and crude fat content decreased in inbred control 104 and transgenic lines as compared with the parental control, "Green King". Gel-based proteomics detected more than 50 protein spots specifically found in ipt-transgenic broccoli at harvest and after cooking; one-third of these proteins showed homology to potential allergens that also play an important role in plant defense against stresses and senescence. Mice fed levels of ipt-transgenic broccoli mimicking the 120 g/day of broccoli eaten by a 60-kg human adult showed normal growth and immune function. In conclusion, the compositional and proteomic changes attributed to the transgenic ipt gene did not affect the growth and immune response of mice under the feeding regimes examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Sen Liu
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
| | - Miau-Hwa Ko
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Hui-Chun Li
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
| | - Shwu-Jene Tsai
- Unit, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Wufeng, Taichung 41362, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Mi Lai
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
| | - You-Ming Chang
- Department of Bioindustry Technology, Dayeh University No. 168, University Rd., Dacun, Changhua 51591, Taiwan.
| | - Min-Tze Wu
- Unit, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Wufeng, Taichung 41362, Taiwan.
| | - Long-Fang O Chen
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
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Vihotogbe-Sossa CNA, Akissoe NH, Anihouvi VB, Ahohuendo BC, Ahanchede A, Sanni A, Hounhouigan DJ. Endogenous knowledge of four leafy vegetables used by rural populations in Benin. Ecol Food Nutr 2012; 51:22-39. [PMID: 22292710 DOI: 10.1080/03670244.2012.635570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Leafy vegetables are sources of diet diversification and could contribute to food and nutritional security in African rural areas. However, in some places, little is known about if, how, and why leafy vegetables are consumed. Processing and preservation methods, food forms, and consumption determinants of four leafy vegetables (Sesamum radiatum, Ceratotheca sesamoïdes, Acmella uliginosa and Justicia tenella), known to contribute to the diet of rural populations in the Center and Northern parts of Benin, were investigated. Three hundred randomly selected households were investigated, using rapid appraisal and quantitative survey methods, descriptive statistics and correspondence analysis. Processing methods to prepare sauces varied depending on sociocultural groups. Cooking of fresh leaves predominated, while sun drying was the usual practice of preserving these leafy vegetables. Consumption frequencies were associated with sociocultural groups, food habits, and availability in living areas.
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Xiao CW, Wood CM, Robertson P, Gilani GS. Protease inhibitor activities and isoflavone content in commercial soymilks and soy-based infant formulas sold in Ottawa, Canada. J Food Compost Anal 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2011.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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ZHANG BIN, ZHANG LI, WANG DONGFENG, SUN JIPENG. IMPROVEMENT OF PURIFICATION OF TRYPSIN INHIBITOR FROM WILD SOYBEAN (GLYCINE SOJA SIEB. & ZUCC.) USING CHITOSAN RESIN-IMMOBILIZED TRYPSIN. J Food Biochem 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4514.2010.00489.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Uusiku NP, Oelofse A, Duodu KG, Bester MJ, Faber M. Nutritional value of leafy vegetables of sub-Saharan Africa and their potential contribution to human health: A review. J Food Compost Anal 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2010.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Lindeberg S. Modern Human Physiology with Respect to Evolutionary Adaptations that Relate to Diet in the Past. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-9699-0_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Glew RS, Vanderjagt D. Coping strategies and nutritional health in rural Niger: recommendations for consumption of wild plant foods in the Sahel. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2006; 57:314-24. [PMID: 17135022 DOI: 10.1080/09637480600802132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
People who live in food and water deficit regions of Sahelien West Africa employ various coping strategies as they attempt to meet their food and water needs. In this paper we discuss various coping strategies employed by rural Nigeriens living in the Tanout and Mirriya administrative regions of central Niger. In rural Niger people often harvest or buy wild plant foods to eat. Laboratory studies of the nutritional content of these plants indicate that there are benefits to eating wild plant foods. In this study we summarize the results of field research conducted during the summer of 2002 on the use of wild plant foods in three regions of rural central Niger. Comparing local use of various wild plant foods with major nutrition-related health problems including protein deficiency, essential fatty acid deficiency, iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia, calcium deficiency rickets, and zinc deficiency, suggests potential recommendations for consumption of these plants. However, further research on the bioavailability of these nutrients is needed to confirm the potential benefits of these plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S Glew
- Center for Advanced Study of International Development, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48823, USA.
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Jman Redzic S. Wild Edible Plants and Their Traditional Use in the Human Nutrition in Bosnia‐Herzegovina. Ecol Food Nutr 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/03670240600648963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Glew RH, Glew RS, Chuang LT, Huang YS, Millson M, Constans D, Vanderjagt DJ. Amino acid, mineral and fatty acid content of pumpkin seeds (Cucurbita spp) and Cyperus esculentus nuts in the Republic of Niger. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2006; 61:51-6. [PMID: 16770692 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-006-0010-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Dried seeds and nuts are widely consumed by indigenous populations of the western Sahel, especially those who inhabit rural areas. In light of the need for quantitative information regarding the content of particular nutrients in these plant foods, we collected dried pumpkin (Cucurbita spp) seeds and nuts of Cyperus esculentus in the Republic of Niger and analyzed them for their content of essential amino acids, minerals and trace elements, and fatty acids. On a dry weight basis, pumpkin seed contained 58.8% protein and 29.8% fat. However, the lysine score of the protein was only 65% relative to the FAO/WHO protein standard. The pumpkin seed contained useful amounts of linoleic (92 microg/g dry weight) and the following elements (on a microg per g dry weight basis): potassium (5,790), magnesium (5,690), manganese (49.3), zinc (113), selenium (1.29), copper (15.4), chromium (2.84), and molybdenum (0.81), but low amounts of calcium and iron. Except for potassium (5,573 microg/g dry weight) and chromium (2.88 microg/g dry weight), the C. esculentis nuts contained much less of these same nutrients compared to pumpkin seeds. In conclusion, pumpkin seeds represent a useful source of many nutrients essential to humans. The data in this report should of practical value to public health officials in rural areas of sub-Saharan Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- R H Glew
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
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Glew RS, Vanderjagt DJ, Chuang LT, Huang YS, Millson M, Glew RH. Nutrient content of four edible wild plants from west Africa. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2005; 60:187-93. [PMID: 16395630 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-005-8616-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Non-cereal plant foods in the Western Sahel of Africa contribute significantly to the diets of local residents, especially during periods of grain shortages. In this paper, we analyze four such plant foods including diyan kwakwa (nut of coconut palm, Cocos nucifera L.), muricin giginya (young shoot of Borassus aethiopum), tsamiya biri (fruit of the tree, Tamarindus indica), and yari (a mixture of lichens, mainly Rimelia reticulate) that grows on ebony trees (Diospyros mespiliformis). They were analyzed for their content of amino acids, fatty acids, and minerals. Although diyan kwakwa contained the highest protein content (27.1%), its protein quality fell below the WHO standard in 3 of 8 essential amino acid categories. Yari and muricin giginya contained moderate levels of good quality protein. Only diyan kwakwa contained calorically significant amount of total fatty acid (24.7%); however, none of the plants contained useful amounts of the essential fatty acids, linoleic acid, or alpha-linolenic acid. All four plants contained useful amounts of zinc (> 12 microg/g dry weight), while yari contained the most calcium (14.7 mg/g dry weight) and iron (1.41 mg/g), and diyan kwakwa the most copper. All the four plant foods contained lesser amounts of magnesium, molybdenum, or selenium. These data indicate that the four plants contain useful amounts of various essential nutrients that could supplement the diets of populations inhabiting the Western Sahel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S Glew
- Center for Advanced Study of International Development, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
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Pieroni A, Nebel S, Santoro RF, Heinrich M. Food for two seasons: culinary uses of non-cultivated local vegetables and mushrooms in a south Italian village. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2005; 56:245-72. [PMID: 16096136 DOI: 10.1080/09637480500146564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The use of non-cultivated plants in a daily diet based on local cuisines is potentially of considerable interest to nutritional scientists, because of the plants' role as local products and their potential as sources of novel nutraceuticals. In many Mediterranean regions these traditions are at risk of disappearing, hence the urgent need to study such knowledge systems. Accordingly, an ethnobotanical survey was carried out among the 850 inhabitants of the village of Castelmezzano, in central Lucania, which is located in the inland southern Italy. Seventy-five taxa of non-cultivated and semi-cultivated local food plants and mushrooms were documented, and uncommon food uses of a few species were reported for the first time. These include Bellavalia romana, Lepista nebularis and Onopordum illyricum. Most of the recorded non-cultivated food plants and mushrooms are cooked in oil or fat. Very few are consumed raw. This article discusses in detail the traditional culinary uses of these plants, their seasonality, ethnoecology, and their economic and nutritional potentials. The article also demonstrates how food agro-biodiversity is inextricably connected with cultural heritage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pieroni
- Centre for Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, School of Pharmacy, University of London, UK.
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Glew R, VanderJagt D, Bosse R, Huang YS, Chuang LT, Glew R. The nutrient content of three edible plants of the Republic of Niger. J Food Compost Anal 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2003.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Glew R, VanderJagt D, Huang YS, Chuang LT, Bosse R, Glew R. Nutritional analysis of the edible pit of Sclerocarya birrea in the Republic of Niger (daniya, Hausa). J Food Compost Anal 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0889-1575(03)00101-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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