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Meng L, Wang G, Augustin P, Fourmentin M, Gou Q, Fertein E, Nguyen Ba T, Coeur C, Tomas A, Chen W. Incoherent broadband cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy (IBBCEAS)-based strategy for direct measurement of aerosol extinction in a lidar blind zone. OPTICS LETTERS 2020; 45:1611-1614. [PMID: 32235955 DOI: 10.1364/ol.389093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this Letter, the development of a custom-designed incoherent broadband cavity enhanced absorption spectrometer (IBBCEAS) and its application to in situ measurement of aerosol extinction near the ground surface are described in an effort to address the issue of missing data in the light detection and ranging (lidar) blind zone in the first hundreds of meters of the observation range. Combined measurements of aerosol extinction at the same location using lidar remote sensing at 355 nm and in situ IBBCEAS operating in the UV spectral region around 370 nm showed results with a good correlation (${{\rm R}^2} = {0.90}$R2=0.90) between the two measurement techniques. This Letter highlights a new strategy for near-end lidar calibration, using a ground-based compact and robust IBBCEAS located at the lidar measurement site to determine the vertical profile of the aerosol extinction coefficient with a higher accuracy.
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McComiskey A, Ferrare RA. Aerosol Physical and Optical Properties and Processes in the ARM Program. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1175/amsmonographs-d-15-0028.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Allison McComiskey
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, and NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado
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Hasheminassab S, Pakbin P, Delfino RJ, Schauer JJ, Sioutas C. Diurnal and seasonal trends in the apparent density of ambient fine and coarse particles in Los Angeles. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2014; 187:1-9. [PMID: 24413160 PMCID: PMC3943950 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2013] [Revised: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Diurnal and seasonal variations in the apparent density of ambient fine and coarse particulate matter (PM2.5 and CPM [PM2.5-10], respectively) were investigated in a location near downtown Los Angeles. The apparent densities, determined by particle mass-to-volume ratios, showed strong diurnal and seasonal variations, with higher values during the warm phase (June to August 2013) compared to cold phase (November 2012 to February 2013). PM2.5 apparent density showed minima during the morning and afternoon rush hours of the cold phase (1.20g cm(-3)), mainly due to the increased contribution of traffic-emitted soot particles, and highest values were found during the midday in the warm phase (2.38g cm(-3)). The lowest CPM apparent density was observed during the morning rush hours of the cold phase (1.41g cm(-3)), while highest in early afternoon during the warm phase (2.91g cm(-3)), most likely due to the increased wind-induced resuspension of road dust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Hasheminassab
- University of Southern California, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 3620 South Vermont Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Payam Pakbin
- University of Southern California, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 3620 South Vermont Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Ralph J Delfino
- University of California, Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, 224 Irvine Hall, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - James J Schauer
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, 660 North Park Street, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Constantinos Sioutas
- University of Southern California, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 3620 South Vermont Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
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Zhao W, Dong M, Chen W, Gu X, Hu C, Gao X, Huang W, Zhang W. Wavelength-Resolved Optical Extinction Measurements of Aerosols Using Broad-Band Cavity-Enhanced Absorption Spectroscopy over the Spectral Range of 445–480 nm. Anal Chem 2013; 85:2260-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ac303174n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weixiong Zhao
- Anhui Institute of Optics and
Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Meili Dong
- Anhui Institute of Optics and
Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Weidong Chen
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry
of the Atmosphere, Université du Littoral Côte d’Opale, 189A Avenue Maurice Schumann, 59140
Dunkerque, France
| | - Xuejun Gu
- Anhui Institute of Optics and
Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Changjin Hu
- Anhui Institute of Optics and
Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoming Gao
- Anhui Institute of Optics and
Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Anhui Institute of Optics and
Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Weijun Zhang
- Anhui Institute of Optics and
Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
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Mellon D, King SJ, Kim J, Reid JP, Orr-Ewing AJ. Measurements of Extinction by Aerosol Particles in the Near-Infrared Using Continuous Wave Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:774-83. [DOI: 10.1021/jp109894x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Mellon
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Simon J. King
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Jin Kim
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan P. Reid
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J. Orr-Ewing
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
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Schmid B, Flynn CJ, Newsom RK, Turner DD, Ferrare RA, Clayton MF, Andrews E, Ogren JA, Johnson RR, Russell PB, Gore WJ, Dominguez R. Validation of aerosol extinction and water vapor profiles from routine Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program Climate Research Facility measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jd012682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Kebabian PL, Robinson WA, Freedman A. Optical extinction monitor using cw cavity enhanced detection. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2007; 78:063102. [PMID: 17614600 DOI: 10.1063/1.2744223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
We present details of an apparatus capable of measuring optical extinction (i.e., scattering and/or absorption) with high precision and sensitivity. The apparatus employs one variant of cavity enhanced detection, specifically cavity attenuated phase shift spectroscopy, using a near-confocal arrangement of two high reflectivity (R approximately 0.9999) mirrors in tandem with an enclosed cell 26 cm in length, a light emitting diode (LED), and a vacuum photodiode detector. The square wave modulated light from the LED passes through the absorption cell and is detected as a distorted wave form which is characterized by a phase shift with respect to the initial modulation. The amount of that phase shift is a function of fixed instrument properties-cell length, mirror reflectivity, and modulation frequency-and of the presence of a scatterer or absorber (air, particles, trace gases, etc.) within the cell. The specific implementation reported here employs a blue LED; the wavelength and spectral bandpass of the measurement are defined by the use of an interference filter centered at 440 nm with a 20 nm wide bandpass. The monitor is enclosed within a standard 19 in. rack-mounted instrumentation box, weighs 10 kg, and uses 70 W of electrical power including a vacuum pump. Measurements of the phase shift induced by Rayleigh scattering from several gases (which range in extinction coefficient from 0.4-32 Mm(-1)) exhibit a highly linear dependence (r(2)=0.999 97) when plotted as the co-tangent of the phase shift versus the expected extinction. Using heterodyne demodulation techniques, we demonstrate a detection limit of 0.04 Mm(-1) (4 x 10(-10) cm(-1)) (2sigma) in 10 s integration time and a base line drift of less than +/-0.1 Mm(-1) over a 24 h period. Detection limits decrease as the square root of integration time out to approximately 150 s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul L Kebabian
- Center for Sensor Systems and Technology, Aerodyne Research, Inc., 45 Manning Road, Billerica, MA 01821-3976, USA
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Miller JL, Orr-Ewing AJ. Cavity ring-down spectroscopy measurement of single aerosol particle extinction. II. Extinction of light by an aerosol particle in an optical cavity excited by a cw laser. J Chem Phys 2007; 126:174303. [PMID: 17492859 DOI: 10.1063/1.2723736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors present an analytical derivation of the scattered power from a spherical, homogeneous, nonabsorbing particle in a plane standing wave. The scattered power changes significantly with the position of the particle with respect to the peaks and nodes of the standing wave, even for particles whose diameters are many times the wavelength of the light. The analysis is applicable to continuous-wave cavity ring-down spectroscopy on aerosol particles, and the structure of the standing wave is expected to affect both the measured ring-down time and the shape of the ring-down trace. The dependence of the extinction on the phase of the standing wave at the location of the particle is captured in a parameter zeta which connects the current treatment to standard Mie scattering theory. Methods for calculating zeta are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna L Miller
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
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Hallar AG, Strawa AW, Schmid B, Andrews E, Ogren J, Sheridan P, Ferrare R, Covert D, Elleman R, Jonsson H, Bokarius K, Luu A. Atmospheric Radiation Measurements Aerosol Intensive Operating Period: Comparison of aerosol scattering during coordinated flights. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Ferrare R, Feingold G, Ghan S, Ogren J, Schmid B, Schwartz SE, Sheridan P. Preface to special section: Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program May 2003 Intensive Operations Period examining aerosol properties and radiative influences. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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