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Nguyen T, Kuhn K, Bolt M, Duffy K, Bradford AP, Santoro N. Analysis of Inflammatory Markers in Response to Induction of Reprometabolic Syndrome by a Eucaloric High Fat Diet in Normal Weight Women. Reprod Sci 2024:10.1007/s43032-024-01586-9. [PMID: 38710978 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-024-01586-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with chronic low-level inflammation and is known to contribute to metabolic dysfunction and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, which we have previously termed the 'Reprometabolic Syndrome.' To investigate potential factors involved in obesity-related reproductive endocrine dysfunction, we conducted a secondary analysis of inflammatory markers in a sample of normal weight women exposed to a one-month eucaloric high-fat diet (HFD), which, as reported earlier, induced the relative hypogonadotropic hypogonadism characteristic of Reprometabolic Syndrome. Eighteen healthy women with a BMI between 18.0-24.9 kg/m2 and regular menstrual cycles participated in the study. Frequent blood sampling was performed during the early follicular phase before and after the one-month eucaloric HFD intervention (48% of calories from fat). Serum samples pooled from each participant were analyzed using immunoassay to measure levels of 30 cytokines, interleukins, and chemokines. Differences between pre- and post-HFD intervention measures were examined by one-sample t-tests. Exposure to the eucaloric HFD did not result in changes in body weight. HFD-induction of Reprometabolic Syndrome in normal weight women was associated with a significant elevation only in the anti- inflammatory cytokine IL-10 (p = 0.04). Eotaxin, IL-6 and MIP-1β also increased in response to the HFD, but not statistically significantly (p = 0.07). Results suggest that the increase in multiple inflammatory markers, typically associated with obesity, are not primary mediators of the relative hypogonadotropic hypogonadism of Reprometabolic Syndrome. Clinical Trials Registration Number: NCT02653092; Date of Registration: January 6, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thy Nguyen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Katherine Kuhn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Matthew Bolt
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Katelyn Duffy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Andrew P Bradford
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Nanette Santoro
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
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Chang Y, Li W, Shen Y, Li S, Chen X. Association between interleukin-6 and preterm birth: a meta-analysis. Ann Med 2023; 55:2284384. [PMID: 38010798 PMCID: PMC10836263 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2284384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin (IL)-6 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that plays an important role in preterm birth (PTB), Several meta-analyses investigated the association between IL-6 and PTB, but definitive conclusion has not yet been achieved. This updated meta-analysis aimed to ascertain the association between IL-6 and PTB by examining IL-6 levels in both normal birth and PTB groups. MATERIAL AND METHODS Prospective cohort studies were retrieved in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane library from their inception until 18 February 2020. The primary outcome was the association between IL-6 and PTB, and secondary outcomes were the association between IL-6 and spontaneous PTB. RESULTS Nine studies involving 1904 patients were included. Overall, IL-6 from different sample types (maternal blood, amniotic fluid and cervicovaginal fluid) was associated with PTB (standard mean difference [SMD]: 0.86, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.32 to 1.39, p < 0.001). Furthermore, the association was significant for IL-6 only in amniotic fluid (SMD: 1.87, 95%CI: 0.82 to 2.93, p < 0.001) and cervicovaginal fluid (SMD: 0.46, 95%CI: 0.09 to 0.84, p = 0.022), but not significant in maternal blood (SMD: -0.11, 95%CI: -0.57 to 0.34, p = 0.623). In addition, IL-6 was also associated with spontaneous PTB (SMD: 1.57, 95% CI: 0.18 to 2.95, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Based on the available evidence, IL-6 in amniotic fluid and cervicovaginal fluid might be useful for predicting preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics Gynecology, Tianjin, China
- Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wen Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics Gynecology, Tianjin, China
- Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongmei Shen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics Gynecology, Tianjin, China
- Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics Gynecology, Tianjin, China
- Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics Gynecology, Tianjin, China
- Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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3
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Dingle K, Kassem OM, Azizieh F, AbdulHussain G, Raghupathy R. Quantitative analyses of cytokine profiles reveal hormone-mediated modulation of cytokine profiles in recurrent spontaneous miscarriage. Cytokine 2023; 164:156160. [PMID: 36804258 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cytokines play important roles in pregnancy complications. Some hormones such as estrogen, progesterone, and dydrogesterone have been shown to alter cytokine profiles. Understanding how cytokine profiles are affected by these hormones is therefore an important step towards immunomodulatory therapies for pregnancy complications. We analyse previously published data on the effects of estrogen, progesterone, and dydrogesterone on cytokine balances in women having recurrent spontaneous miscarriages. MATERIALS AND METHODS Levels of eight cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17, IL-23, TNF-α) from n = 22 women presenting unexplained recurrent spontaneous miscarriages were studied. Cytokine values were recorded after in vitro exposure of peripheral blood cells to estrogen, progesterone, and dydrogesterone. We expand on earlier analysis of the dataset by employing different statistical techniques including effect sizes for individual cytokine values, a more powerful statistical test, and adjusting p-values for multiple comparisons. We employ multivariate analysis methods, including to determine the relative magnitude of the effects of the hormone therapies on cytokines. A new statistical method is introduced based on pairwise distances able to accommodate complex relations in cytokine profiles. RESULTS We report several statistically significant differences in individual cytokine values between the control group and each hormone treated group, with estrogen affecting the fewest cytokines, and progesterone and dydrogesterone both affecting seven out of eight cytokines. Exposure to estrogen produces no large effects sizes however, while IFN-γ and IL-17 show large effect sizes for both progesterone and dydrogesterone, among other cytokines. Our new method for identifying which collections (i.e. subsets) of cytokines best distinguish contrasting groups identifies IFN-γ, IL-10 and IL-23 as especially noteworthy for both progesterone and dydrogesterone treatments. CONCLUSIONS While some statistically significant differences in cytokine levels after exposure to estrogen are found, these have small effect sizes and are unlikely to be clinically relevant. Progesterone and dydrogesterone both induce statistically significant and large effect-size differences in cytokine levels, hence therapy with these two progestogens is more likely to be clinically relevant. Univariate and multivariate methods for identifying cytokine importances provide insight into which groups of cytokines are most affected and in what ways by therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamaludin Dingle
- Centre for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Hawally, Kuwait; Department of Computing and Mathematical Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
| | - Osama M Kassem
- Centre for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Hawally, Kuwait
| | - Fawaz Azizieh
- Centre for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Hawally, Kuwait
| | | | - Raj Raghupathy
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait
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Nurzadeh M, Ghalandarpoor-Attar SM, Ghalandarpoor-Attar SN, Rabiei M. The Role of Interferon (IFN)-γ in Extravillous Trophoblast Cell (EVT) Invasion and Preeclampsia Progression. Reprod Sci 2022; 30:1462-1469. [PMID: 36289172 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-022-01110-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The involvement of the immune system in pregnancy is a controversial subject. The functions of T helper (Th) 1 and Th2 cells have been proposed, that Th1 cytokines promoting allograft rejection may impair pregnancy, whereas Th2-type cytokines suppressing Th1 responses improve allograft tolerance and hence embryonic survival. Maternal-fetal tolerance begins in the uterus; therefore, optimal adaptation to the fetus is the result of a complex interference. The invasion of extravillous trophoblast cells (EVTs) into the decidua and the inner third of the myometrium is essential for a healthy pregnancy. The mechanisms that influence trophoblast invasion are unknown; however, cytokines from uterine natural killer (uNK) cells, NKT cells, macrophages, and T cells appear to be involved. All these cells are major sources of interferon gamma (IFN-γ). Recent studies have shown that IFN-γ can inhibit EVT invasion via a mechanism dependent on an increase in EVT apoptosis and a decrease in matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Regarding controversies in this context, this study aimed to comprehensively review the role of IFN-γ and IFN-γ-producing cells in EVT invasion, successful pregnancy, and preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Nurzadeh
- Fetomaternal Department, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Maryam Rabiei
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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BIYIK I, ALBAYRAK M. Biomarkers for Preterm Delivery. Biomark Med 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/9789815040463122010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Preterm birth occurring before the thirty-seventh gestational week
complicates 4.5%-18% of pregnancies worldwide. The pathogenesis of spontaneous
preterm delivery is not fully understood. Among the factors held to be responsible for
its pathogenesis, the most emphasized is the inflammatory process. Studies in terms of
the prediction of preterm delivery are basically divided into 3 categories: 1) Prediction
in pregnant women who are asymptomatic and without risk factors, 2) Prediction in
pregnant women who are asymptomatic and have risk factors, 3) Prediction in
symptomatic pregnant women who have threatened preterm labour. In this chapter, the
topic of biomarkers in relation to preterm delivery is discussed. The most commonly
used markers in published studies are fetal fibronectin, cervical pIGFBP-1 and cervical
length measurement by transvaginal ultrasound. For prediction in symptomatic
pregnant women applying to the hospital with threatened preterm labour, the markers
used are fetal fibronection, insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and inflammatory
markers. Preterm labour prediction with markers checked in the first and second
trimesters are fetal fibronection, insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), micro RNAs,
progesterone, circulating microparticles (CMPs), inflammatory markers, matrix
metalloproteinases, aneuploidy syndrome screening test parameters and other
hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail BIYIK
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kutahya Health Sciences University, Kutahya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa ALBAYRAK
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University,
Istanbul, Turkey
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6
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Zhang L, Mamillapalli R, Habata S, McAdow M, Taylor HS. Myometrial-derived CXCL12 promotes lipopolysaccharide induced preterm labour by regulating macrophage migration, polarization and function in mice. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:2566-2578. [PMID: 35318804 PMCID: PMC9077289 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Preterm birth is a major contributor to neonatal mortality and morbidity. Infection results in elevation of inflammation-related cytokines followed by infiltration of immune cells into gestational tissue. CXCL12 levels are elevated in preterm birth indicating it may have a role in preterm labour (PTL); however, the pathophysiological correlations between CXCL12/CXCR4 signalling and premature labour are poorly understood. In this study, PTL was induced using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in a murine model. LPS induced CXCL12 RNA and protein levels significantly and specifically in myometrium compared with controls (3-fold and 3.5-fold respectively). Highest levels were found just before the start of labour. LPS also enhanced the infiltration of neutrophils, macrophages and T cells, and induced macrophage M1 polarization. In vitro studies showed that condition medium from LPS-treated primary smooth muscle cells (SMC) induced macrophage migration, M1 polarization and upregulated inflammation-related cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). AMD3100 treatment in pregnant mice led to a significant decrease in the rate of PTL (70%), prolonged pregnancy duration and suppressed macrophage infiltration into gestation tissue by 2.5-fold. Further, in-vitro treatment of SMC by AMD3100 suppressed the macrophage migration, decreased polarization and downregulated IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α expression. LPS treatment in pregnant mice induced PTL by increasing myometrial CXCL12, which recruits immune cells that in turn produce inflammation-related cytokines. These effects stimulated by LPS were completely reversed by AMD3100 through blocking of CXCL12/CXCR4 signalling. Thus, the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis presents an excellent target for preventing infection and inflammation-related PTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive SciencesYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Ramanaiah Mamillapalli
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive SciencesYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Shutaro Habata
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive SciencesYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Molly McAdow
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive SciencesYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Hugh S. Taylor
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive SciencesYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
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7
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Progesterone: A Unique Hormone with Immunomodulatory Roles in Pregnancy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031333. [PMID: 35163255 PMCID: PMC8835837 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Progesterone is well known for its numerous endocrinologic roles in pregnancy but is also endowed with fascinating immunomodulatory capabilities. It can downregulate the induction of inflammatory reactions, the activation of immune cells and the production of cytokines, which are critical mediators of immune responses. These features appear to be critical to the success of pregnancy, given the ability of maternal immune reactivity to interfere with pregnancy and to contribute to several pregnancy complications. This review summarizes the contribution of maternal immune effectors in general, and cytokines in particular, to pregnancy complications such as recurrent miscarriage, pre-eclampsia and preterm labor; it describes the promise offered by supplementation with progesterone and the oral progestogen dydrogesterone, as well as the progesterone-induced blocking factor in the prevention and/or treatment of these serious complications.
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8
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Mei Y, Ran Y, Liu Z, Zhou Y, He J, Yin N, Qi H. IL-27 Mediates Th1 Cells Infiltration in Fetal Membranes in Preterm Labor. Reprod Sci 2021; 29:1764-1775. [PMID: 34859389 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00803-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of IL-27 on Th1 cells infiltration in human fetal membranes (FMs) in preterm labor (PL). The expression of Th1 cells specific transcription factor (T-bet), Th1 cells infiltration related molecules (CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, and ICAM-1), and IL-27 receptor α subunit (IL-27Rα) was compared in human FMs from pregnant women in PL group and term labor (TL) group. In vitro, rhIL-27 was added to the culture medium of amniotic epithelial cells (WISH cells) to detect the expression of CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, and ICAM-1. Furthermore, the underlying signaling pathway was detected by single-sample gene set enrichment analysis and western blot analysis. The expression of T-bet and CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, and ICAM-1 as well as IL-27Rα was higher in human FMs from PL group than TL group. In vitro, rhIL-27 could upregulate the expression of CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, and ICAM-1 in WISH cells. Using gene-set enrichment analysis of FMs, JAK/STAT signaling pathway was found to be activated by IL-27 signaling in PL. Using western blot analysis, JAK2/STAT1/STAT3 signaling pathway was confirmed to be enhanced in rhIL-27 treated WISH cells. In addition, AG490 (JAK2 inhibitor) could inhibit the secretion of CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 in WISH cells stimulated by rhIL-27. Our results suggested that IL-27 may promote Th1 cells infiltration in human FMs in PL, by promoting the expression of CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 at least partly through JAK2/STAT1/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youwen Mei
- International Collaborative Jointed Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,State Key Laboratory of Maternal, Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,Department of Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yuxin Ran
- International Collaborative Jointed Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,State Key Laboratory of Maternal, Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,Department of Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- International Collaborative Jointed Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,State Key Laboratory of Maternal, Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,Department of Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yunqian Zhou
- International Collaborative Jointed Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,State Key Laboratory of Maternal, Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,Department of Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jie He
- International Collaborative Jointed Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,State Key Laboratory of Maternal, Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,Department of Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Nanlin Yin
- International Collaborative Jointed Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Maternal, Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China. .,Department of Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Hongbo Qi
- International Collaborative Jointed Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Maternal, Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China. .,Department of Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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9
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Mei Y, Ran Y, Liu Z, Zhou Y, He J, Yin N, Qi H. The Role of IL-27 in the Systemic Inflammatory Response That Accompanies Preterm Labour. Inflammation 2021; 45:876-890. [PMID: 34773188 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01592-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate whether interleukin-27 (IL-27) activates maternal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and induces inflammatory responses in amniotic epithelial cells in preterm labour (PL). The expression of IL-27p28, EBI3 and IL-27Rα was compared in maternal PBMCs of the PL, term labour (TL) and term not in labour (TNL) groups. The relationship between IL-27 and molecules associated with PBMC activation was investigated using bioinformatic and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analyses. We investigated the inflammatory effects of IL-27 in PBMCs and its underlying mechanisms in vitro. In addition, we treated amniotic epithelial cells (WISH cells) with a PBMC-conditioned medium to identify the inflammatory effects of IL-27-treated PBMCs in amniotic epithelial cells. The expression of IL-27p28 and IL-27Rα in PBMCs of the PL group was higher than that in the TL/TNL groups. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that IL-27 was positively correlated with IFNG, IL6, IL1β, CXCL10 and ICAM1 in the whole blood samples of pregnant women in the PL group, which was confirmed using qRT-PCR. Furthermore, rhIL-27 promoted the expression of Th1 cell-related molecules (T-bet, IFN-γ and ICAM-1) and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-1β) in PBMCs in vitro, which was partially mediated by the JAK2/STAT1 pathway. In addition, it enhanced the expression of IL-27p28, EBI3 and IL-27Rα in PBMCs. Moreover, the expression of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α in WISH cells was significantly increased by the conditional medium derived from IL-27-treated PBMCs. IL-27 upregulated the expression of Th1 cell-related molecules and proinflammatory cytokines in PBMCs partially mediated by the JAK2/STAT1 pathway. Inflammatory responses were induced in WISH cells by a conditional medium derived from IL-27-treated PBMCs. Therefore, IL-27 may contribute to PL by promoting inflammation in maternal PBMCs and amniotic epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youwen Mei
- International Collaborative Jointed Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,Department of Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yuxin Ran
- International Collaborative Jointed Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,Department of Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- International Collaborative Jointed Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,Department of Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yunqian Zhou
- International Collaborative Jointed Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,Department of Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jie He
- International Collaborative Jointed Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,Department of Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Nanlin Yin
- International Collaborative Jointed Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China. .,Department of Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Hongbo Qi
- International Collaborative Jointed Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China. .,Department of Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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10
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Ran Y, Huang D, Mei Y, Liu Z, Zhou Y, He J, Zhang H, Yin N, Qi H. Identification of the correlations between interleukin-27 (IL-27) and immune-inflammatory imbalance in preterm birth. Bioengineered 2021; 12:3201-3218. [PMID: 34224308 PMCID: PMC8806804 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1945894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Preterm birth (PTB) is an immune-inflammatory disease that needs to be resolved. This study aimed to identify the role of interleukin-27 (IL-27), an immunomodulatory factor, in PTB and its associated mechanisms. Here, we analyzed the high-throughput of samples data from the maternal-fetal interface to the peripheral circulation obtained from public databases and reported that the elevated IL-27 was involved with the onset of PTB. Further bioinformatics analyses (e.g. GeneMANIA and GSEA) revealed that IL-27 overexpression in the peripheral circulation as well as maternal-fetal interface is related to the activation of the immune-inflammatory process represented by IFN-γ signaling, etc. In addition, IL-27 and immune infiltration correlation analysis demonstrated that IL-27 mediates this immune-inflammatory imbalance, plausibly mainly through monocyte-macrophage and neutrophils. This finding was further validated by analyzing additional datasets. Overall, this is the first study to elaborate on the role of IL-27-mediated immuno-inflammation in PTB from the perspective of bioinformatics, which may provide a novel strategy for the prevention and treatment of PTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Ran
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dongni Huang
- Department of Obstetrics, Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China
| | - Youwen Mei
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunqian Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hanwen Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Nanlin Yin
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongbo Qi
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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11
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Ghanavatinejad A, Rashidi N, Mirahmadian M, Rezania S, Mosalaei M, Ghasemi J, Zarnani AH. Vitamin D3 Controls TLR4- and TLR2-Mediated Inflammatory Responses of Endometrial Cells. Gynecol Obstet Invest 2021; 86:139-148. [PMID: 33540416 DOI: 10.1159/000513590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Vitamin D has potent immunoregulatory features and modulates innate and adaptive immune responses. There is a significant association between intrauterine infection-associated inflammatory responses and pregnancy complications such as abortion and preterm labor. Here, we investigated how 1,25 (OH)2 D3 could modulate inflammatory responses of endometrial cells. DESIGN This is an in vitro experimental study. Endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) and whole endometrial cells (WECs) were collected from 15 apparently normal women, and the immunomodulatory effects of 1,25 (OH)2 D3 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- or lipoteichoic acid (LTA)-treated ESCs and WECs were investigated. Participants/Materials, Setting, and Methods: Women with no history of abortion, infertility, endometriosis, or sign of vaginal infection were enrolled in this study. Endometrial samples were collected by gynecologists using a Pipelle pipette in the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle. WECs and ESCs were collected and treated with either LPS or LTA. The levels of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α in culture supernatants were quantified using the ELISA technique. TLR2, TLR4, and MyD88 expressions were assessed by RT-qPCR. TLR4 expression at the protein level was studied by the Western blot technique. RESULTS 1,25 Dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25 (OH)2 D3) significantly reduced TNF-α production in LPS-activated ESCs and TNF-α and IL-6 production by LTA-stimulated WECs. In contrast, 1,25 (OH)2 D3 pretreatment increased the production of IL-8 by LPS- and LTA-stimulated endometrial cells. 1,25 (OH)2 D3 pretreatment markedly reduced LPS-induced TLR4 protein expression by ESCs. LPS treatment of ESCs significantly induced MyD88 gene expression. This effect was reversed when these cells were pretreated with 1,25 (OH)2 D3 before stimulation with LPS. LIMITATIONS Because of the small size of samples, doing experiments all together on some samples was not feasible. Confirmation of the results obtained here needs well-designed in vivo studies. CONCLUSIONS 1,25 (OH)2 D3 is an immunomodulatory molecule essential for maintaining endometrial immune homeostasis by controlling potentially harmful inflammatory responses associated with female reproductive tract infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Ghanavatinejad
- Department of Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nesa Rashidi
- Immunology Research Center (IRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahroo Mirahmadian
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Simin Rezania
- Biophysics Institute, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Mahdokht Mosalaei
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jamileh Ghasemi
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir-Hassan Zarnani
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, .,Immunology Research Center (IRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, .,Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran,
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12
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Rajgopal S, Raghupathy R. Using the Immune System to Manage Immunologically-Mediated Pregnancy Loss. ANNALS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES (INDIA) 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1718234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractPregnancy is not nearly as successful as laypersons might assume, challenged as it is by several complications such as threatened abortion, spontaneous miscarriage, preeclampsia, and preterm delivery, among others. The maternal immune system has been shown to contribute to the etiopathogenesis of some of these pregnancy complications. Pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines have been studied for their effects on pregnancy because of their powerful and versatile effects on cells and tissues. This review addresses the relationship between pro-inflammatory cytokines and recurrent miscarriage, which is an important complication of pregnancy. References for this review were identified by using PRISMA-IPD (Preferred Reporting Items for a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Individual Participant Data) Guidelines by conducting searches for published articles from January 1, 1990 until March 1, 2020 in the following databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, and MEDLINE via OVID by the use of the search terms “recurrent spontaneous miscarriage,” “cytokines,” “progesterone,” “progestogen,” “dydrogesterone,” and “immunomodulation.” This review also presents the proposed mechanisms of action of pro-inflammatory cytokines in pregnancy loss, and then goes on to discuss the modulation of cytokine profiles to a state that is favorable to the success of pregnancy. In addition to its indispensable endocrinologic role of progesterone in pregnancy, it also has some intriguing immunomodulatory capabilities. We then summarize studies that show that progesterone and dydrogesterone, an orally-administered progestogen, suppress the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and enhance the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines before mentioning clinical studies on progestogen supplementation. These studies support the contention that progestogens should be explored for the immunotherapeutic management of pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjana Rajgopal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Learning, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Raj Raghupathy
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait
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13
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Pfaller B, José Yepes‐Nuñez J, Agache I, Akdis CA, Alsalamah M, Bavbek S, Bossios A, Boyman O, Chaker A, Chan S, Chatzipetrou A, Toit G, Jutel M, Kauppi P, Kolios A, Li C, Matucci A, Marson A, Bendien S, Palomares O, Rogala B, Szepfalusi Z, Untersmayr E, Vultaggio A, Eiwegger T. Biologicals in atopic disease in pregnancy: An EAACI position paper. Allergy 2021; 76:71-89. [PMID: 32189356 DOI: 10.1111/all.14282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Biologicals have transformed the management of severe disease phenotypes in asthma, atopic dermatitis, and chronic spontaneous urticaria. As a result, the number of approved biologicals for the treatment of atopic diseases is continuously increasing. Although atopic diseases are among the most common diseases in the reproductive age, investigations, and information on half-life, pharmacokinetics defining the neonatal Fc receptors (FcRn) and most important safety of biologicals in pregnancy are lacking. Given the complex sequence of immunological events that regulate conception, fetal development, and the intrauterine and postnatal maturation of the immune system, this information is of utmost importance. We conducted a systematic review on biologicals in pregnancy for indications of atopic diseases. Evidence in this field is scarce and mainly reserved to reports on the usage of omalizumab. This lack of evidence demands the establishment of a multidisciplinary approach for the management of pregnant women who receive biologicals and multicenter registries for long-term follow-up, drug trial designs suitable for women in the reproductive age, and better experimental models that represent the human situation. Due to the very long half-life of biologicals, preconception counseling and healthcare provider education are crucial to offer the best care for mother and fetus. This position paper integrates available data on safety of biologicals during pregnancy in atopic diseases via a systematic review with a detailed review on immunological considerations how inhibition of different pathways may impact pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Pfaller
- Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine University of Toronto Pregnancy and Heart Disease Research Program Mount Sinai and Toronto General Hospitals Toronto ON Canada
| | | | - Ioana Agache
- Faculty of Medicine Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Transylvania University Brasov Brasov Romania
| | - Cezmi A. Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) Davos Switzerland
| | - Mohammad Alsalamah
- Division of Immunology and Allergy Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Program The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto ON Canada
- College of Medicine King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences Riyadh Saudi Arabia
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy Division Pediatrics Department King Abdullah Specialists Children’s Hospital Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Sevim Bavbek
- Division of Immunology and Allergy Department of Chest Disease School of Medicine Ankara University Ankara Turkey
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge Sweden
| | - Apostolos Bossios
- Department of Medicine Huddinge Stockholm Sweden
- Centre for Allergy Research Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Onur Boyman
- Department of Immunology University Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Adam Chaker
- Department of Otolaryngology and Center for Allergy and Environment Technical University of Munich TUM School of Medicine Klinikum rechts der Isar Munich Germany
| | - Susan Chan
- Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust London UK
- King’s College London School of Life Course Sciences School of Immunology Microbial Sciences King’s Health Partners UK
| | - Alexia Chatzipetrou
- Allergy Unit “D. Kalogeromitros Department of Dermatology and Venereology Medical School Attikon” University Hospital University of Athens Athens Greece
- Paediatric Allergy Group Department of Women and Children's Health King's College London London UK
- Paediatric Allergy Group Peter Gorer Dept of Immunobiology School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences King's College London Guys' Hospital London UK
- Children's Allergy Service Evelina Children's Hospital Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust London UK
| | - George Toit
- Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma London UK
| | - Marek Jutel
- Department of Clinical Immunology Wroclaw Medical University Wrocław Poland
- ALL‐MED Medical Research Institute Wroclaw Poland
| | - Paula Kauppi
- Department of Allergy Skin and Allergy Hospital Inflammation Center Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Antonios Kolios
- Department of Immunology University Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Carmen Li
- Division of Immunology and Allergy Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Program The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto ON Canada
| | - Andrea Matucci
- Immunoallergology Unit Careggi University Hospital Florence Italy
| | - Alanna Marson
- Division of Immunology and Allergy Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Program The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto ON Canada
| | - Sarah Bendien
- Department of respiratory medicine Haga Teaching Hospital The Hague The Netherlands
| | - Oscar Palomares
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Chemistry School Complutense University of Madrid Madrid Spain
| | - Barbara Rogala
- Department of Internal Diseases Allergology & Clinical Immunology Medical University of Silesia Katowice Poland
| | - Zsolt Szepfalusi
- Division of Ped. Pulmonology, Allergology and Endocrinology Dpt. of Pediatrics Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Eva Untersmayr
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Alessandra Vultaggio
- Department of Allergy Skin and Allergy Hospital Inflammation Center Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Thomas Eiwegger
- Division of Immunology and Allergy Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Program The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto ON Canada
- Department of Immunology University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
- Translational Medicine Program, Research Institute Hospital for Sick Children Toronto ON Canada
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14
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Hedman AM, Lundholm C, Andolf E, Pershagen G, Fall T, Almqvist C. Longitudinal plasma inflammatory proteome profiling during pregnancy in the Born into Life study. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17819. [PMID: 33082373 PMCID: PMC7575597 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74722-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The maternal immune system is going through considerable changes during pregnancy. However, little is known about the determinants of the inflammatory proteome and its relation to pregnancy stages. Our aim was to investigate the plasma inflammatory proteome before, during and after pregnancy. In addition we wanted to test whether maternal and child outcomes were associated with the proteome. A cohort of 94 healthy women, enrolled in a longitudinal study with assessments at up to five time points around pregnancy, ninety-two inflammatory proteins were analysed in plasma with a multiplex Proximity Extension Assay. First, principal components analysis were applied and thereafter regression modelling while correcting for multiple testing. We found profound shifts in the overall inflammatory proteome associated with pregnancy stage after multiple testing (p < .001). Moreover, maternal body mass index (BMI) was associated with inflammatory proteome primarily driven by VEGFA, CCL3 and CSF-1 (p < .05). The levels of most inflammatory proteins changed substantially during pregnancy and some of these were related to biological processes such as regulation of immune response. Maternal BMI was significantly associated with higher levels of three inflammation proteins calling for more research in the interplay between pregnancy, inflammation and BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Hedman
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, PO Box 281, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Cecilia Lundholm
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, PO Box 281, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ellika Andolf
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran Pershagen
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tove Fall
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Catarina Almqvist
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, PO Box 281, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.,Pediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Unit, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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15
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Kassem O, Al-Saleh A, Azizieh F, Dingle K. CytokineExplore: An Online Tool for Statistical Analysis of Cytokine Concentration Datasets. J Inflamm Res 2020; 13:401-410. [PMID: 32801833 PMCID: PMC7406373 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s253255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Cytokine data sets are increasing both in the number of different cytokines measured and the number of samples assayed. Further, typically data from different groups may be contrasted, eg, normal vs complication subjects. Many univariate and multivariate statistical techniques exist to study such cytokine datasets, but the ability to implement these techniques may be lacking for some practitioners, or may not be available quickly and conveniently. Here, we introduce CytokineExplore, an online tool for multi-cytokine and multi-group data analysis of user-provided Microsoft Excel data files. MATERIALS AND METHODS In order to illustrate the tool features, we use data from intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), a pregnancy complication, and normal healthy subjects as a control. The dataset contains levels for 10 cytokines, namely: IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL-18, IL-23, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and tumour necrosis-alpha (TNF-α), obtained from 34 women with IUGR (further divided into 17 symmetric and 17 asymmetric cases) and 24 gestationally age-matched normal controls. RESULTS The online tool automatically generates box-plots, histograms, PCA and PLSDA plots, t-tests and Mann-Whitney statistical tests, cytokine importance values for separating two groups, heatmaps for comparing multiple groups, and other functionalities. Figures generated can be directly downloaded for use in presentations or journal articles. CONCLUSION The tool facilitates quick and easy numerical exploration and multivariate analysis of cytokine datasets, to aid basic understanding and hypothesis generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Kassem
- Department of Computer Science, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Hawally, Kuwait
| | - Abdulwahab Al-Saleh
- Department of Computer Science, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Hawally, Kuwait
| | - Fawaz Azizieh
- Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics (CAMBIO), Department of Mathematics and Natural Science, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Hawally, Kuwait
| | - Kamaludin Dingle
- Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics (CAMBIO), Department of Mathematics and Natural Science, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Hawally, Kuwait
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16
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Zhang T, Kang Y, Li L, Zhou Y, Chen X, Zhuo Y, Li Z, Wang H, Niu Y, Ji W, Li S, Chen Y. Interspecies embryo transfer between rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys. J Genet Genomics 2020; 47:333-336. [PMID: 32873535 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedicine Research; Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yu Kang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedicine Research; Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China; Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province and The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Yin Zhou
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedicine Research; Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Xinglong Chen
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedicine Research; Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yan Zhuo
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedicine Research; Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Zifan Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedicine Research; Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedicine Research; Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yuyu Niu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedicine Research; Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China; Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Weizhi Ji
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedicine Research; Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China; Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Shangang Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedicine Research; Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Yongchang Chen
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedicine Research; Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China; Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
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17
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Abstract
The disease course of autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis is altered during pregnancy, and a similar modulatory role of pregnancy on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been proposed. Hormonal, immunological, and microbial changes occurring during normal pregnancy may interact with the pathophysiology of IBD. IBD consists of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, and because of genetic, immunological, and microbial differences between these disease entities, they may react differently during pregnancy and should be described separately. This review will address the pregnancy-induced physiological changes and their potential effect on the disease course of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, with emphasis on the modulation of epithelial barrier function and immune profiles by pregnancy hormones, microbial changes, and microchimerism.
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18
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Ravi K, Chan CYS, Akoto C, Zhang W, Vatish M, Norris SA, Klenerman P, Hemelaar J. Changes in the Vα7.2+ CD161++ MAIT cell compartment in early pregnancy are associated with preterm birth in HIV-positive women. Am J Reprod Immunol 2020; 83:e13240. [PMID: 32255246 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preterm birth (PTB), despite viral suppression with antiretroviral therapy. Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are an immune cell subset involved in antimicrobial immunity at mucosal surfaces. MAIT cells have been found at the maternal-foetal interface, and MAIT cells are typically depleted early in HIV infection. We aimed to investigate changes in MAIT cells in relation to maternal HIV/ART status and PTB. METHOD OF STUDY We conducted flow cytometric analysis of peripheral blood samples from 47 HIV-positive (HIV+) and 45 HIV-negative (HIV-) pregnant women enrolled in a prospective pregnancy cohort study in Soweto, South Africa. Frequencies of Vα7.2+ CD161++ MAIT cells and proportions of CD4+ , CD8+ and double-negative MAIT cells were compared between women with and without HIV infection, and between women with and without PTB or spontaneous preterm labour (Sp-PTL). RESULTS Although overall MAIT cell frequencies were the same between HIV+ and HIV- patients, HIV+ patients had a higher proportion of CD8+ MAIT cells in the first two trimesters. Women with PTB and Sp-PTL also had a higher proportion of CD8+ MAIT cells in the first trimester compared to women without these outcomes. The association between changes in MAIT cell subsets and PTB/Sp-PTL was present in both HIV+ and HIV- women, and an additive effect on MAIT cell subsets was seen in women with both HIV infection and PTB. CONCLUSIONS Interactions between HIV-related and pregnancy-related changes in MAIT cell subsets and distribution may lead to imbalances in peripheral MAIT cell subsets in early pregnancy. This may contribute to the increased risk of PTB in HIV+ patients by altering the overall functionality of the peripheral MAIT cell compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krithi Ravi
- Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, The Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Christina Y S Chan
- Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, The Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Charlene Akoto
- Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, The Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Wei Zhang
- Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, The Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Manu Vatish
- Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, The Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Shane A Norris
- South African Medical Research Council Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Paul Klenerman
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Joris Hemelaar
- Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, The Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.,South African Medical Research Council Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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19
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Guerini FR, Bolognesi E, Chiappedi M, Mensi MM, Fumagalli O, Rogantini C, Zanzottera M, Ghezzo A, Zanette M, Agliardi C, Costa AS, Sotgiu S, Carta A, Al Daghri N, Clerici M. Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphisms Associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Autism Res 2020; 13:680-690. [PMID: 32083397 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D is endowed with a number of biological properties, including down-regulation of inflammation, and might contribute to the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Vitamin D binds to the vitamin D Receptor (VDR); the biological activity of the ensuing complex depends on VDR FokI, BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI gene polymorphisms. We evaluated such Single Nucletoide Polymorphismsm (SNPs) in a cohort of 100 Italian families with ASD children. FokI genotype distribution was skewed in ASD children compared with their healthy sibs (Pc = 0.03 2 df) and to a group of 170 Italian healthy women (HC) (Pc = 0.04 2 df). FokI genotype and allelic distribution skewing were also observed in mothers of ASD children compared to HC (Pc = 0.04 2 df). Both Transmission Disequilibrium Test for single loci and haplotype analysis distribution revealed a major FokI (C) allele-mediated protective effect, which was more frequently transmitted (73%) than not transmitted to healthy sibs (P = 0.02). A protective FokI-, BsmI-, ApaI-, and TaqI (CCAG) haplotype was more frequently carried by healthy sibs than by ASD children (P = 1 × 10-4 ; OR: 0.1, 95% CI: 0.03-0.4) too. Finally, a strong gene-dose association of FokI (T) allele with both higher Childhood Autism Rating Scale score (Pc = 0.01) and, particularly, with hyperactivity behavior (Pc = 0.006) emerged in ASD children. Because the protein produced by the FokI (T) allele is transcriptionally less active than that produced by the FokI (C) allele, the reduced biological activity of the vitamin D/VDR complex prevalent in ASD could favor ASD- and maternal immune activation- associated inflammation. Vitamin D supplementation might be useful in preventative and rehabilitation protocols for ASD. Autism Res 2020, 13: 680-690. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Vitamin D deficiency and Vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms are associated with structural and functional brain abnormalities and behavioral disorders. We analyzed the association of VDR gene polymorphisms in a cohort of 100 Italian families with ASD children. A strong correlation between one of the VDR polymorphisms and hyperactivity behavior was evidenced in ASD children. In healthy mothers, the same VDR polymorphism was also correlated with an increased risk of giving birth to children with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Matteo Chiappedi
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | - Chiara Rogantini
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Ghezzo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Stefano Sotgiu
- Section of Child Neuropsychiatry, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Carta
- Section of Child Neuropsychiatry, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.,Child Psychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Nasser Al Daghri
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mario Clerici
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
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20
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Singh N, Prasad P, Das B, Rastogi S. Does tumour necrosis factor alpha-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression lead to spontaneous abortion in Chlamydia trachomatis-infected women. Microb Pathog 2020; 142:103994. [PMID: 31988007 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.103994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cytokines might be involved in spontaneous abortion by triggering inflammatory mediators (Cyclooxygenases (Cox)) leading to spontaneous abortion in Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct)-infected women. Study aimed to quantitate the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-8) and Cox-2 in endometrial curettage tissue (ECT) of Spontaneous Aborters (SA). SA (n = 135) and 120 age-matched controls were enrolled from SJH, New Delhi, India. PCR was performed for detection of Ct MOMP gene (537 bp) in ECT. mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and Cox-2 was assessed by real-time qPCR. Data was statistically evaluated. 14.8% SA were diagnosed as Ct-positive. Elevated expression of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-8 and Cox-2 was observed in Ct-infected SA. Ct-positive recurrent aborters showed significantly higher cytokine expression. Significant positive correlation was found between expression of Cox-2 and TNF-α in infected SA. Data suggested an increased expression of Th-1 cytokines, particularly TNF-α that induced Cox-2 expression in ECT, leading to spontaneous abortion in Ct-infected pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namita Singh
- Microbiology Laboratory, National Institute of Pathology (ICMR), Safdarjung Hospital Campus, New Delhi, 110 029, India
| | - Priya Prasad
- Microbiology Laboratory, National Institute of Pathology (ICMR), Safdarjung Hospital Campus, New Delhi, 110 029, India
| | - Banashree Das
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Vardhaman Mahavir Medical College (VMMC) & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, 110 029, India
| | - Sangita Rastogi
- Microbiology Laboratory, National Institute of Pathology (ICMR), Safdarjung Hospital Campus, New Delhi, 110 029, India.
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21
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Kaartinen M, Karlsson L, Paavonen EJ, Polo-Kantola P, Pelto J, Nousiainen N, Scheinin NM, Maksimow M, Salmi M, Karlsson H. Maternal tiredness and cytokine concentrations in mid-pregnancy. J Psychosom Res 2019; 127:109843. [PMID: 31683065 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2019.109843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sleep disturbances relate to altered levels of inflammatory mediators in general population, but not much is known about the associations between sleep disturbances and inflammatory mediators during pregnancy. The present exploratory study investigated whether insomnia, tiredness, general sleep quality, and insufficient sleep duration during pregnancy relate to the concentrations of maternal peripheral circulating cytokines. As sleep disturbances are frequently observed in mood disorders, the results were controlled for symptoms of depression and anxiety. METHODS 137 participants were randomly drawn from a representative FinnBrain Birth Cohort. Serum concentrations of selected cytokines were analyzed using Multiplex bead arrays from blood samples drawn at the gestational week 24. The sleep disturbances were evaluated using the Basic Nordic Sleep Questionnaire. Depressive and anxiety symptoms were measured with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and the anxiety subscale of the self-rated Symptom Checklist 90, respectively. RESULTS Enhanced tiredness was associated with cytokine concentrations of IL-2, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, and TNF-α. The observed associations resembled a reversed U-shaped curve rather than being linear. Having a good general sleep quality was associated with higher logarithmic cytokine concentrations of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, and IFN-γ. There was no evidence for associations between insomnia or sleep loss and cytokines. CONCLUSIONS Maternal subjective tiredness and good general sleep quality were associated with altered levels of immunological markers during pregnancy. The association was independent from symptoms of depression and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miia Kaartinen
- Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital.
| | - Linnea Karlsson
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku; Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital; Department of Child Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital
| | - E Juulia Paavonen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland; Pediatric Research Center, Child Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital
| | - Päivi Polo-Kantola
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital
| | - Juho Pelto
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku
| | - Niko Nousiainen
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku
| | - Noora M Scheinin
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku; Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital
| | | | - Marko Salmi
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku; Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku
| | - Hasse Karlsson
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku; Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital; Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital
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22
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Wang M, Hou Y, Meng SH, Yang B, Yang P, Zhang H, Zhu Y. Abnormal IL-10 levels were related to alanine aminotransferase abnormalities during postpartum in HBeAg positive women with chronic hepatitis B. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e17969. [PMID: 31725660 PMCID: PMC6867749 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Alanine transaminase (ALT) abnormalities are common in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) carriers during postpartum period. Disturbances in cytokines are considered to be associated with hepatitis Flares. There are limited data on cytokines changes in HBeAg positive patients with ALT abnormalities.This is an observational study. Pregnant patients with hepatitis B e-antigen (HBeAg) positive were enrolled from January 2014 to September 2018. Patients were assigned into three groups based on ALT levels in postpartum 6 to 8 weeks: ALT in normal range, ALT in 1 to 2-fold upper limits of normal (ULN) and ALT >2-fold ULN. Serum cytokines, ratios of regulatory T cells, and the concentration of cortisol were collected and compared among the three groups.Of the 135 mothers enrolled, 80.7% (109/135) completed the postpartum 6-week study. 13.8% (15/109) patients had postpartum ALT higher than 2ULN, 27.5% (30/109) patients had ALT in 1 to 2ULN and 58.7% (64/109) patients had ALT in normal range. Compared to control group, patients with ALT >2ULN had a higher IL-10 level (P < .05). No differences of IL-10 levels were found in the comparison of other inter comparison among three groups. No differences were found in the levels of other collected serum cytokines, cortisol, and regulatory T cells among three groups. On multivariate analysis, abnormal IL-10 level was independent risk factor for postpartum ALT elevating >2ULN. At the same time, the incidence of postpartum ALT elevated >2ULN were higher in patients with abnormal elevation IL-10 level than in patients with normal IL-10 level (14/68 vs 1/41, P = .008).CHB patients with postpartum ALT abnormalities show higher IL-10 level and postpartum ALT abnormalities were mainly occurred in patients with abnormal IL-10 level. IL-10 may be an underlying predictor and treatment target of hepatitis B, and further studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing YouAn Hospital
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital
| | - Ying Hou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing YouAn Hospital
| | - Shi-Hui Meng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing YouAn Hospital
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing YouAn Hospital
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing YouAn Hospital
| | - Yunxia Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing YouAn Hospital
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23
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Gomes J, Au F, Basak A, Cakmak S, Vincent R, Kumarathasan P. Maternal blood biomarkers and adverse pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Rev Toxicol 2019; 49:461-478. [PMID: 31509042 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2019.1629873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Background: Pregnancy is a vulnerable period for the mother and the infant and exposures to environmental chemicals in utero can influence neonatal morbidity and mortality. There is a momentum toward understanding and exploring the current maternal biological mechanisms specific to in utero effects, to improve birth outcomes. This study aims to examine the current understanding of the role of biomarkers that may be associated with term of pregnancy, infant birth weights and infant development in utero.Methods: Electronic searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase, OvidMD, and Scopus databases; and all relevant research articles in English were retrieved. Studies were selected if they evaluated maternal blood plasma/serum biomarkers proposed to influence adverse birth outcomes in the neonate. Data were extracted on characteristics, quality, and odds ratios from each study and meta-analysis was conducted.Results: A total of 54 studies (35 for meta-analysis), including 43,702 women, 50 plasma markers and six descriptors of birth outcomes were included in the present study. The random effect point estimates for risk of adverse birth outcomes were 1.61(95%CI: 1.39-1.85, p < 0.0001) for inflammation-related biomarkers and 1.65(95%CI: 1.22-2.25, p = 0.0013) for growth factor/hormone-related biomarkers. All subgroups of plasma markers showed significant associations with adverse birth outcomes with no apparent study bias.Conclusions: The two subsets of plasma markers identified in this study (inflammation-related and growth factor/hormone-related) may serve as potentially valuable tools in the investigation of maternal molecular mechanisms, especially select pathways underlying inflammatory and immunological mediation in terms of modulating adverse infant outcomes. Future large, prospective cohort studies are needed to validate the promising plasma biomarkers, and to examine other maternal biological matrices such as cervicovaginal fluid and urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gomes
- Faculty of Health Science, Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Ottawa, Canada
| | - F Au
- Faculty of Health Science, Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Ottawa, Canada.,Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - A Basak
- Faculty of Health Science, Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Ottawa, Canada
| | - S Cakmak
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - R Vincent
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - P Kumarathasan
- Faculty of Health Science, Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Ottawa, Canada.,Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada.,Analytical Biochemistry and Proteomics Laboratory, Mechanistic Studies Division, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Ottawa, Canada
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24
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Groen B, Links TP, van den Berg PP, de Vos P, Faas MM. The role of autoimmunity in women with type 1 diabetes and adverse pregnancy outcome: A missing link. Immunobiology 2019; 224:334-338. [PMID: 30819511 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of pregnancy complications in women with type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1D) is greater than in healthy pregnant women. This has mostly been attributed to hyperglycemia. However, despite the implementation of stricter guidelines regarding glycemic control, pregnancy complications remain more common in women with T1D. This may suggest that other etiological factors are involved. We suggest that the immune response may play a role, since the immune response has to adapt during pregnancy in order to facilitate implantation, placental and fetal development, and aberrant immunological adaptations to pregnancy are involved in various pregnancy complications. Since T1D is an autoimmune disorder, the question rises whether the immune response of women with T1D is able to adapt properly during pregnancy. Here we review the current proof and views on the role of aberrant immunological adaptations in pregnancy complications and whether such aberrant adaptations could be involved in the pregnancy complications of T1D patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Groen
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - T P Links
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - P P van den Berg
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - P de Vos
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Div. of Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - M M Faas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Div. of Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands.
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25
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Lauer JM, Duggan CP, Ausman LM, Griffiths JK, Webb P, Agaba E, Nshakira N, Tran HQ, Gewirtz AT, Ghosh S. Biomarkers of maternal environmental enteric dysfunction are associated with shorter gestation and reduced length in newborn infants in Uganda. Am J Clin Nutr 2018; 108:889-896. [PMID: 30247538 PMCID: PMC6186209 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adverse birth outcomes, including preterm birth and stunting at birth, have long-term health implications. The relation between adverse birth outcomes and chronic, asymptomatic gastrointestinal inflammation (environmental enteric dysfunction-EED) is poorly understood. Objective We aimed to examine the relation between maternal EED and adverse birth outcomes in a sample of pregnant Ugandan women and their newborn infants. Design We conducted a prospective cohort study in Mukono, Uganda. A total of 258 pregnant women were enrolled at their first prenatal visit (∼18 weeks of gestation). EED was measured by urinary lactulose:mannitol (L:M) ratio and serum concentrations of antibodies to the bacterial components flagellin and LPS. Covariates were obtained from survey data collected at 2 time points. Associations were assessed through the use of unadjusted and adjusted simple linear regression models. Results Complete birth outcome data were recorded for 220 infants within 48 h of delivery. Mean ± SD gestational age was 39.7 ± 2.1 wk, and 7% were born preterm. Mean ± SD length and length-for-age z score (LAZ) at birth were 48.1 ± 3.2 cm and -0.44 ± 1.07, respectively. L:M ratio was not associated with any birth outcome. In adjusted models, higher concentrations of natural log-transformed anti-flagellin immunoglobin G (IgG) and anti-LPS IgG were significantly associated with shorter length of gestation (β: -0.89 wk; 95% CI: -1.77, -0.01 wk, and β: -1.01 wk; 95% CI: -1.87, -0.17 wk, respectively) and with reduced length (β: -0.80 cm; 95% CI: -1.55, -0.05 cm, and β: -0.79 cm; 95% CI: -1.54, -0.04 cm, respectively) and LAZ at birth (β -0.44 z score; 95% CI: -0.83, -0.05, and β: -0.40 z score; 95% CI: -0.79, -0.01, respectively). Conclusion Maternal anti-flagellin and anti-LPS IgG concentrations in pregnancy, but not L:M ratio, were associated with shorter gestation and reduced infant length at birth. Further research on the relation between maternal EED and birth outcomes is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline M Lauer
- Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy and,USAID Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Nutrition at Tufts University, Boston, MA,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA,Address correspondence to JML (e-mail: )
| | - Christopher P Duggan
- USAID Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Nutrition at Tufts University, Boston, MA,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Lynne M Ausman
- Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy and,USAID Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Nutrition at Tufts University, Boston, MA
| | - Jeffrey K Griffiths
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA,Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine and Tufts University School of Engineering, Medford, MA
| | - Patrick Webb
- Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy and,USAID Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Nutrition at Tufts University, Boston, MA
| | - Edgar Agaba
- USAID Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Nutrition at Tufts University, Boston, MA
| | | | - Hao Q Tran
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Andrew T Gewirtz
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Shibani Ghosh
- Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy and,USAID Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Nutrition at Tufts University, Boston, MA
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26
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Abstract
Preterm infants (i.e., born before <37 wk of gestation) are at increased risk of morbidity and mortality and long-term disabilities. Global prevalence of preterm birth (PTB) varies from 5 to 18 per cent. There are multiple aetiological causes and factors associated with PTB. Intrapartum infections are conventionally associated with PTB. However, maternal genotype modulates response to these infections. This review highlights the association of cytokine gene polymorphisms and their levels with PTB. Varying PTB rates across the different ethnic groups may be as a result of genetically mediated varying cytokines response to infections. Studies on genetic variations in tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1α), IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and toll-like receptor-4 genes and their association with PTB, have been reviewed. No single polymorphism of the studied genes was found to be associated with PTB. However, increased maternal levels of IL-1β and IL-6 and low levels of IL-10 have been found to be associated with PTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Pandey
- Department of Pediatrics, Translational Medicine Unit, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Mradula Chauhan
- Department of Pediatrics, Translational Medicine Unit, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Shally Awasthi
- Department of Pediatrics, Translational Medicine Unit, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
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27
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Azizieh F, Dingle K, Raghupathy R, Johnson K, VanderPlas J, Ansari A. Multivariate analysis of cytokine profiles in pregnancy complications. Am J Reprod Immunol 2018; 79:e12818. [PMID: 29450942 PMCID: PMC5838769 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM The immunoregulation to tolerate the semiallogeneic fetus during pregnancy includes a harmonious dynamic balance between anti- and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Several earlier studies reported significantly different levels and/or ratios of several cytokines in complicated pregnancy as compared to normal pregnancy. However, as cytokines operate in networks with potentially complex interactions, it is also interesting to compare groups with multi-cytokine data sets, with multivariate analysis. Such analysis will further examine how great the differences are, and which cytokines are more different than others. METHODS Various multivariate statistical tools, such as Cramer test, classification and regression trees, partial least squares regression figures, 2-dimensional Kolmogorov-Smirmov test, principal component analysis and gap statistic, were used to compare cytokine data of normal vs anomalous groups of different pregnancy complications. RESULTS Multivariate analysis assisted in examining if the groups were different, how strongly they differed, in what ways they differed and further reported evidence for subgroups in 1 group (pregnancy-induced hypertension), possibly indicating multiple causes for the complication. CONCLUSION This work contributes to a better understanding of cytokines interaction and may have important implications on targeting cytokine balance modulation or design of future medications or interventions that best direct management or prevention from an immunological approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawaz Azizieh
- Department of Mathematics and Natural SciencesInternational Centre for Applied Mathematics and Computational BioengineeringGulf University for Science and TechnologyKuwaitKuwait
| | - Kamaludin Dingle
- Department of Mathematics and Natural SciencesInternational Centre for Applied Mathematics and Computational BioengineeringGulf University for Science and TechnologyKuwaitKuwait
| | - Raj Raghupathy
- Department of MicrobiologyFaculty of MedicineKuwait UniversityKuwaitKuwait
| | | | | | - Ali Ansari
- Department of Mathematics and Natural SciencesInternational Centre for Applied Mathematics and Computational BioengineeringGulf University for Science and TechnologyKuwaitKuwait
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28
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Pandey M, Awasthi S, Singh U, Mahdi AA. Association of IL-10 Gene Polymorphism (-819C > T, -592C > A and -1082G > A) with Preterm Birth. Indian J Pediatr 2018; 85:93-101. [PMID: 29147889 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-017-2496-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the association of IL-10 gene and its polymorphisms with preterm birth (PTB). METHODS Five hundred and fifty nine women with term birth and 559 with preterm birth were recruited from Lucknow, India. Genetic association analysis was conducted between cases and controls. Subjects recruited as cases were women (aged between 18-40 y) with singleton delivery before 37 wk of gestation and controls were with delivery after or on 37 wk. The genotyping was performed for rs1800871, rs1800872 and rs1800896 for assessing the allelic distribution, haplotypic association and linkage disequilibrium analysis. IL-10mRNA levels were evaluated by real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. RESULTS The risk of PTB was found significant in women carrying IL-10 (-1082) GA genotype [OR=1.72(1.7-2.5), p=0.006]. The haplotypic analysis of studied polymorphisms for rs1800871, rs1800872 and rs1800896 depicted the association of ATA (p=0.02) and ATC (p=0.01) haplotypes with PTB. The IL-10 mRNA levels were significantly lower in cases (p=0.05). CONCLUSIONS IL-10 marks a protective impact in the inflammatory pathway of PTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Pandey
- Department of Pediatrics, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226003, India
| | - Shally Awasthi
- Department of Pediatrics, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226003, India.
| | - Urmila Singh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abbas Ali Mahdi
- Department of Biochemistry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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29
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Preciado-Martínez E, García-Ruíz G, Flores-Espinosa P, Bermejo-Martínez L, Espejel-Nuñez A, Estrada-Gutiérrez G, Razo-Aguilera G, Granados-Cepeda M, Helguera-Repetto AC, Irles C, Zaga-Clavellina V. Progesterone suppresses the lipopolysaccharide-induced pro-inflammatory response in primary mononuclear cells isolated from human placental blood. Immunol Invest 2017; 47:181-195. [PMID: 29236553 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2017.1413112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Progesterone is an essential hormone that induces deep immune adaptations favoring pregnancy maintenance. We aimed at evaluating the effects of progesterone on the synthesis of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines by mononuclear cells isolated from human placental blood stimulated with lipopolysaccharide, emulating an infection-inflammation environment. Mononuclear cells isolated form human placental blood were obtained from nine women undergoing elective cesarean delivery at term (not in labor), isolated by density gradient sedimentation, cultured and co-stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (500 ng/ml) from Escherichia coli in the presence or not of progesterone (0.01, 0.1, or 1.0 µM) for 24 h. Culture supernatants were assayed for pro-inflammatory (IL-1β, TNFα, IL-6), anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines, chemokines (IL-8, MIP-1α) and total MMP-9 by ELISA. In comparison with basal conditions, lipopolysaccharide treatment induced IL-1β, TNFα, IL-6, IL-8, MIP-1α, and MMP-9 synthesis. lipopolysaccharide co-treatment with progesterone significantly decreased the bacterial endotoxin-induced IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, and MIP-1α secretion. In contrast, co-treatment with progesterone increased the level of IL-10 secreted to the culture medium. The present results support the concept that progesterone can modulate--partially--the inflammatory response of professional immune cells isolated from placental blood. Therefore, progesterone might be part of the natural compensatory mechanism that limits the cytotoxic effects associated with an intrauterine infection process during gestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Preciado-Martínez
- a Inmunobiochemistry Branch , Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes" , México City , México.,b Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Estado de México , México
| | - G García-Ruíz
- a Inmunobiochemistry Branch , Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes" , México City , México.,b Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Estado de México , México
| | - P Flores-Espinosa
- a Inmunobiochemistry Branch , Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes" , México City , México
| | - L Bermejo-Martínez
- a Inmunobiochemistry Branch , Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes" , México City , México
| | - A Espejel-Nuñez
- a Inmunobiochemistry Branch , Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes" , México City , México
| | - G Estrada-Gutiérrez
- a Inmunobiochemistry Branch , Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes" , México City , México
| | - G Razo-Aguilera
- c Human Genetic and Genomic Branch , Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes" , México City , México
| | - M Granados-Cepeda
- d Neonatology Branch , Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes" , México City , México
| | - A C Helguera-Repetto
- a Inmunobiochemistry Branch , Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes" , México City , México
| | - C Irles
- e Physiology and Cellular Development Branch , Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes" , México City , México
| | - V Zaga-Clavellina
- a Inmunobiochemistry Branch , Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes" , México City , México
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Human uterine lymphocytes acquire a more experienced and tolerogenic phenotype during pregnancy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2884. [PMID: 28588205 PMCID: PMC5460245 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03191-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy requires a delicate immune balance that nurtures the allogeneic fetus, while maintaining reactivity against pathogens. Despite increasing knowledge, data is lacking on the transition of pre-pregnancy endometrial lymphocytes to a pregnancy state. Here, we immunophenotyped lymphocytes from endometrium (MMC), term decidua parietalis (DPMC), and PBMC for direct comparison. We found that the immune cell composition of MMC and DPMC clearly differ from each other, with less NK-cells, and more NKT-cells and T-cells in DPMC. An increased percentage of central memory and effector memory T-cells, and less naive T-cells in DPMC indicates that decidual T-cells are more experienced than endometrial T-cells. The increased percentage of CD4+CD25highCD127- Treg in DPMC, including differentiated Treg, is indicative of a more experienced and tolerogenic environment during pregnancy. The Th cell composition of both MMC and DPMC was different from PBMC, with a preference for Th1 over Th2 in the uterine environment. Between MMC and DPMC, percentages of Th cell subsets did not differ significantly. Our results suggest that already before pregnancy a tightly controlled Th1/Th2/Th17 balance is present. These findings create opportunities to further investigate the underlying immune mechanism of pregnancy complications using menstrual blood as a source for endometrial lymphocytes.
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Misra DP, Slaughter-Acey J, Giurgescu C, Sealy-Jefferson S, Nowak A. Why Do Black Women Experience Higher Rates of Preterm Birth? CURR EPIDEMIOL REP 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40471-017-0102-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Hendrawan K, Whittington CM, Brandley MC, Belov K, Thompson MB. The Regulation of Uterine Proinflammatory Gene Expression during Pregnancy in the Live‐Bearing Lizard,
Pseudemoia entrecasteauxii. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART B-MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION 2017; 328:334-346. [DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.22733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Hendrawan
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Sydney Sydney Australia
| | - Camilla M Whittington
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Sydney Sydney Australia
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science The University of Sydney Sydney Australia
| | - Matthew C Brandley
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Sydney Sydney Australia
- New York University – Sydney The Rocks Australia
| | - Katherine Belov
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Sydney Sydney Australia
| | - Michael B Thompson
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Sydney Sydney Australia
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Smrtka MP, Feng L, Murtha AP, Grotegut CA. Thrombin-Induced Inflammation in Human Decidual Cells Is Not Affected By Heparin. Reprod Sci 2016; 24:1154-1163. [PMID: 27852920 DOI: 10.1177/1933719116678685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Thrombin (Thr) generation at the uteroplacental interface induces inflammation and weakens fetal membranes. Tissue factor (TF) is a powerful procoagulant that is increased by Thr in decidual cells (DCs). The TF expression may play an important role in modulating Thr-induced inflammation. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of heparin, including nonanticoagulant (desulfated) heparins, on basal and Thr-induced expression of TF and inflammatory cytokines in DCs. METHODS Fetal membranes were collected from term pregnancies undergoing unlabored cesarean delivery and then DCs were isolated and cultured. Third passage DCs were conditioned in defined media for 1 week and then treated with 1 of the 4 heparins (enoxaparin, unfractionated heparin, and 2 desulfated heparins) with and without Thr (2.5 U/mL) for 24 hours. Supernatant levels of interleukin (IL) 6, IL-8, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor α, and interferon γ (IFN-γ) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Western blots were performed on cell lysates to determine TF expression. A Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare cytokine concentrations and normalized TF expression among treatments. RESULTS Treatment of DCs with Thr alone increased the expression of TF, IL-6, IL8, IL-10, and IFN-γ compared to basal levels ( P < .05 for each). Cotreatment of DCs with Thr and any of the tested heparins did not decrease the expression of TF or inflammatory cytokines compared to treatment with Thr alone. DISCUSSION Heparins do not appear to affect basal or Thr-induced expression of TF or inflammatory cytokines in human term DCs. Additional work is needed to determine whether nonanticoagulant heparins can reduce inflammation and membrane weakening due to bleeding in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Smrtka
- 1 Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Liping Feng
- 1 Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Amy P Murtha
- 1 Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Chad A Grotegut
- 1 Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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Wilkinson AL, Pedersen SH, Urassa M, Michael D, Andreasen A, Todd J, Kinung'hi SM, Changalucha J, McDermid JM. Maternal systemic or cord blood inflammation is associated with birth anthropometry in a Tanzanian prospective cohort. Trop Med Int Health 2016; 22:52-62. [PMID: 27761979 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.12799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES HIV infection is associated with chronic systemic inflammation, with or without antiretroviral therapy. Consequences for foetal growth are not understood, particularly in settings where multiple maternal infections and malnutrition are common. The study was designed to examine maternal systemic circulating and umbilical cord blood cytokine concentrations in relation to birth anthropometry in a Tanzanian prospective cohort. METHODS A 9-plex panel of maternal plasma cytokines in HIV-positive (n = 44) and HIV-negative (n = 70) mothers and the same cytokines in umbilical cord blood collected at delivery was assayed. Linear regression modelled associations between maternal or cord blood cytokines and birth anthropometry. RESULTS Health indicators (haemoglobin, mid-upper-arm circumference, body mass index) in HIV-positive mothers without considerable immunosuppression did not differ from HIV-negative women. Despite this, HIV-exposed infants had lower birthweight and length. Subgroup analyses indicated that HIV management using HAART was associated with lower plasma TNF-α, as were longer durations of any antiretroviral therapy (≥2 months). Greater maternal plasma TNF-α was associated with earlier delivery (-1.7 weeks, P = 0.039) and lower birthweights (-287 g; P = 0.020), while greater umbilical cord TNF-α (-1.43 cm; P = 0.036) and IL-12p70 (-2.4 cm; P = 0.008) were associated with shorter birth length. Birthweight was inversely associated with cord IL-12p70 (-723 g; P = 0.001) and IFN-γ (-482 g, P = 0.007). Maternal cytokines during pregnancy did not correlate with umbilical cord cytokines at delivery. CONCLUSIONS Systemic inflammation identified in maternal plasma or umbilical cord blood was associated with poorer birth anthropometrics in HIV-exposed and HIV-unexposed infants. Controlling maternal and/or foetal systemic inflammation may improve birth anthropometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Wilkinson
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - S H Pedersen
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - M Urassa
- National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza Research Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - D Michael
- National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza Research Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - A Andreasen
- Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - J Todd
- Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - S M Kinung'hi
- National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza Research Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - J Changalucha
- National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza Research Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - J M McDermid
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.,Division of Infectious Diseases & International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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Monastra G, De Grazia S, Cilaker Micili S, Goker A, Unfer V. Immunomodulatory activities of alpha lipoic acid with a special focus on its efficacy in preventing miscarriage. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2016; 13:1695-1708. [DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2016.1200556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Monastra
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University la Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara De Grazia
- Department of Research and Development, LO.LI. Pharma, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Asli Goker
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Vittorio Unfer
- Department of Medical Sciences, UNIIPUS – Private Swiss University Institute, Chiasso, Switzerland
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Hu Y, Wu L, Wang C, Luo J, Liao F, Tan H, He H. Swainsonine exposure induces impairment of host immune response in pregnant BALB/c mice. BMC Immunol 2015; 16:53. [PMID: 26335138 PMCID: PMC4559345 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-015-0114-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Swainsonine can cause serious disorders in reproduction of livestock, affecting both corpora lutea and reproductive hormone. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanisms of swainsonine about the immunotoxic effects on pregnant mice in vivo. RESULTS The peripheral Th1/Th2 was detected by Ionomycin and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-stimulating peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of phase pregnant mice. Relevant cytokines in serum was evaluated after exposed to different dose of swainsonine. Gene expression of IL-1β, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-4 and IL-10 in PBMC was assessed by real-time PCR. Swainsonine caused vacuolization phenomenon of lutein cells and a dose-effect relationship. The IL-1β, IFN-γ and TNF-α were promoted, but IL-4 and IL-10 were suppressed in serum. Swainsonine significantly increased IL-1β, IFN-γ and TNF-α nuclear translocation and decreased IL-4 and IL-10. Swainsonine resulted in a significant shift of peripheral Th1/Th2 paradigm to Th1. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that the immunomodulatory of swainsonine disturbed the regular immunologic state of the pregnant mice. This may increase the risk of abortion and probably resulted in serious disorders in reproduction of livestock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchun Hu
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, P.R. China. .,Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, P.R. China.
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, P.R. China.
| | - Chengmin Wang
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, P.R. China.
| | - Jing Luo
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, P.R. China.
| | - Fei Liao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, P.R. China.
| | - Hui Tan
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, P.R. China.
| | - Hongxuan He
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, P.R. China.
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Association between Obesity and Cervical Microflora Dominated by Lactobacillus iners in Korean Women. J Clin Microbiol 2015; 53:3304-9. [PMID: 26269625 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01387-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus spp. are associated with the maintenance of reproductive health, but obesity reduces fertility and is a risk factor for obstetric and neonatal complications. We assessed the association between obesity and the cervical Lactobacillus composition, which has not been examined previously. Pyrosequencing was performed using cervical swabs collected from 76 normal participants with negative results for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and 57 participants with CIN, based on histological examinations. Cluster analysis of nine Lactobacillus spp. was performed, and five cluster types were identified. The association between obesity and the Lactobacillus community was assessed by logistic regression analysis after adjustment for confounding factors. The proportion of Lactobacillus iners increased and that of Lactobacillus crispatus decreased according to body mass index (BMI) categories, i.e., underweight (BMI of <18.5 kg m(-2)), normal weight (BMI of 18.5 to 22.9 kg m(-2)), overweight (BMI of 23.0 to 24.9 kg m(-2)), and obese (BMI of ≥25 kg m(-2)). The L. iners-dominant type had a significant association with obesity (odds ratio [OR], 7.55 [95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18 to 48.2]), compared to the L. crispatus-dominant type. The group with high values for the ratio obtained by dividing the relative abundance of L. iners by that of L. crispatus had a significant association with obesity (OR, 6.54 [95% CI, 1.22 to 35.1]), compared to the low-ratio group. Associations between obesity and the L. iners/L. crispatus ratio were observed among young women (OR, 6.26 [95% CI, 1.15 to 33.9]) but not older women and in the normal group (OR, 6.97 [95% CI, 1.20 to 70.4]) but not the CIN group. Obesity was associated with cervical microflora dominated by L. iners in reproductive-age women without dysplasia.
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Yang S, Reid G, Challis JRG, Kim SO, Gloor GB, Bocking AD. Is there a role for probiotics in the prevention of preterm birth? Front Immunol 2015; 6:62. [PMID: 25741339 PMCID: PMC4330906 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Preterm birth (PTB) continues to be a global health challenge. An over-production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, as well as an altered maternal vaginal microbiome has been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammation/infection-associated PTB. Lactobacillus represents the dominant species in the vagina of most healthy pregnant women. The depletion of Lactobacillus in women with bacterial vaginosis (BV) has been associated with an increased risk of PTB. It remains unknown at what point an aberrant vaginal microbiome composition specifically induces the cascade leading to PTB. The ability of oral or vaginal lactobacilli probiotics to reduce BV occurrence and/or dampen inflammation is being considered as a means to prevent PTB. Certain anti-inflammatory properties of lactobacilli suggest potential mechanisms. To date, clinical studies have not been powered with sufficiently high rates of PTB, but overall, there is merit in examining this promising area of clinical science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwen Yang
- Department of Physiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON , Canada ; Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital , Toronto, ON , Canada
| | - Gregor Reid
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University , London, ON , Canada ; Lawson Health Research Institute , London, ON , Canada
| | - John R G Challis
- Department of Physiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON , Canada ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Western Australia , Perth, WA , Australia
| | - Sung O Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University , London, ON , Canada ; Lawson Health Research Institute , London, ON , Canada
| | - Gregory B Gloor
- Department of Biochemistry, Western University , London, ON , Canada
| | - Alan D Bocking
- Department of Physiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON , Canada ; Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital , Toronto, ON , Canada
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Lin YT, Jung CR, Lee YL, Hwang BF. Associations between ozone and preterm birth in women who develop gestational diabetes. Am J Epidemiol 2015; 181:280-7. [PMID: 25652551 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwu264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to ambient air pollutants might cause adverse birth outcomes; however, there have been few studies in which the association between air pollution and preterm birth was examined after stratifying by pregnancy complications. We conducted a population-based case-control study of 1,510,064 singleton births from the Taiwanese birth registry during 2001-2007. Of the total of 1,510,064 births, we designated all 86,224 preterm births as the case group and then randomly selected an additional 344,896 from the remaining births (equivalent to 4 full-term births for every 1 preterm birth) as the control sample. We used an inverse distance weighting approach to calculate an average exposure parameter for air pollutants. The adjusted odds ratio for preterm birth per 10-ppb increase in ozone was 1.12 (95% confidence interval: 1.01, 1.23) for women with gestational diabetes mellitus who were exposed in the third trimester and 1.02 (95% confidence interval: 1.01, 1.03) for women without gestational diabetes (P for interaction <0.001). These findings suggest that exposure to ozone in pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of preterm birth, particularly for women who have gestational diabetes mellitus.
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40
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McFadden J, Thyssen J, Basketter D, Puangpet P, Kimber I. T helper cell 2 immune skewing in pregnancy/early life: chemical exposure and the development of atopic disease and allergy. Br J Dermatol 2015; 172:584-91. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J.P. McFadden
- Department of Cutaneous Allergy; St John's Institute of Dermatology; Kings College; St Thomas Hospital; London SE1 7EH U.K
| | - J.P. Thyssen
- National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermatology and Allergology; Gentofte University Hospital; Hellerup DK 2900 Denmark
| | | | | | - I. Kimber
- Faculty of Life Sciences; University of Manchester; Manchester U.K
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Chatterjee P, Chiasson VL, Seerangan G, Tobin RP, Kopriva SE, Newell-Rogers MK, Mitchell BM. Cotreatment with interleukin 4 and interleukin 10 modulates immune cells and prevents hypertension in pregnant mice. Am J Hypertens 2015; 28:135-42. [PMID: 24906486 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpu100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive maternal immune system activation plays a central role in the development of the hypertensive disorder of pregnancy preeclampsia (PE). The immunomodulatory cytokines interleukin 4 (IL-4) and interleukin 10 (IL-10) are dysregulated during PE; therefore we hypothesized that treatment with both recombinant IL-4 and IL-10 during pregnancy could prevent the development of PE in mice. METHODS Using our mouse model of PE in which immune system activation is induced by the double-stranded RNA receptor agonist poly I:C, we gave daily injections of IL-4, IL-10, or both on days 13-17 of pregnancy. Mice were then killed on day 18. RESULTS Poly I:C caused a significant increase in systolic blood pressure in pregnant (P-PIC) mice compared with vehicle-treated pregnant (P) mice. All 3 treatments significantly decreased blood pressure in P-PIC mice to P levels, ameliorated the endothelial dysfunction, and decreased placental TLR3 levels in P-PIC mice. However, only IL-4/IL-10 cotreatment prevented the proteinuria and increased incidence of fetal demise in P-PIC mice; IL-4 or IL-10 alone had no effect. Additionally, only IL-4/IL-10 cotreatment prevented the significant increase in CD3(+)/γδ(+) T cells and CD11c(+) dendritic cells and significant decrease in CD11b(+)/CD14(-) suppressor monocytes, as well as completely prevented placental necrosis, in P-PIC mice. Importantly, IL-4/IL-10 cotreatment in P mice had no detrimental effects. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these data demonstrate that exogenous IL-4 and IL-10 administration concurrently during pregnancy can normalize immune cell subsets and prevent PE induced by maternal immune system activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyali Chatterjee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center/Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas
| | - Valorie L Chiasson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center/Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas
| | - Geetha Seerangan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center/Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas
| | - Richard P Tobin
- Department of Surgery, Texas A&M Health Science Center/Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas
| | - Shelley E Kopriva
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center/Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas
| | - M Karen Newell-Rogers
- Department of Surgery, Texas A&M Health Science Center/Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas
| | - Brett M Mitchell
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center/Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas;
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Cheng SB, Sharma S. Interleukin-10: a pleiotropic regulator in pregnancy. Am J Reprod Immunol 2014; 73:487-500. [PMID: 25269386 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy is a unique and well-choreographed physiological process that involves intricate interplay of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory milieu, hormonal changes, and cellular and molecular events at the maternal-fetal interface. IL-10 is a pregnancy compatible cytokine that plays a vital role in maintaining immune tolerance. A wide array of cell types including both immune and non-immune cells secret IL-10 in an autocrine and paracrine manner. IL-10 binds to a specific receptor complex and activates JAK-STAT and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways while inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway. IL-10 exerts its anti-inflammatory effects mainly by decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6, IL-12, and TNF-α, by inducing heme oxygenase-1, and by inhibiting antigen presentation via blocking major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression. Prior studies from our group and others have shown that IL-10 also functions as a potent protector against vascular dysfunction, and enhancement of IL-10 may serve as an immunotherapeutic intervention to treat adverse pregnancy outcomes. This review seeks to critically evaluate the archetypal functions of IL-10 as an immune suppressive factor as well as its novel functions as a vascular protector and modulator of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy in the context of normal and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Bin Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants' Hospital of Rhode Island, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Surendra Sharma
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants' Hospital of Rhode Island, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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Sykes L, MacIntyre DA, Teoh TG, Bennett PR. Anti-inflammatory prostaglandins for the prevention of preterm labour. Reproduction 2014; 148:R29-40. [PMID: 24890751 DOI: 10.1530/rep-13-0587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Preterm birth occurs in 10-12% of pregnancies and is the primary cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity. Tocolytic therapies have long been the focus for the prevention of preterm labour, yet they do not significantly improve neonatal outcome. A direct causal link exists between infection-induced inflammation and preterm labour. As inflammation and infection are independent risk factors for poor neonatal outcome, recent research focus has been shifted towards exploring the potential for anti-inflammatory strategies. Nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) is a transcription factor that controls the expression of many labour-associated genes including PTGS2 (COX2), prostaglandins (PGs) and the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) as well as key inflammatory genes. Targeting the inhibition of NFκB is therefore an attractive therapeutic approach for both the prevention of preterm labour and for reducing neonatal exposure to inflammation. While PGs are considered to be pro-labour and pro-inflammatory, the cyclopentenone PG 15-deoxy-Δ(12,14)PGJ2 (15d-PGJ2) exhibits anti-inflammatory properties via the inhibition of NFκB in human amniocytes, myocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro. 15d-PGJ2 also delays inflammation-induced preterm labour in the mouse and significantly increases pup survival. This review examines the current understanding of inflammation in the context of labour and discusses how anti-inflammatory PGs may hold promise for the prevention of preterm labour and improved neonatal outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynne Sykes
- Parturition Research GroupDepartment of Surgery and Cancer, Institute of Reproduction and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UKSt Mary's HospitalImperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W1 2NY, UK
| | - David A MacIntyre
- Parturition Research GroupDepartment of Surgery and Cancer, Institute of Reproduction and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UKSt Mary's HospitalImperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W1 2NY, UK
| | - Tiong Ghee Teoh
- Parturition Research GroupDepartment of Surgery and Cancer, Institute of Reproduction and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UKSt Mary's HospitalImperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W1 2NY, UK
| | - Phillip R Bennett
- Parturition Research GroupDepartment of Surgery and Cancer, Institute of Reproduction and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UKSt Mary's HospitalImperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W1 2NY, UK
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Abstract
Preterm birth (PTB) is an important issue in neonates because of its complications as well as high morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of PTB is approximately 12-13% in USA and 5-9% in many other developed countries. China represents 7.8% (approximately one million) of 14.9 million babies born prematurely annually worldwide. The rate of PTB is still increasing. Both genetic susceptibility and environmental factors are the major causes of PTB. Inflammation is regarded as an enabling characteristic factor of PTB. The aim of this review is to summarize the current literatures to illustrate the role of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of cytokine genes in PTB. These polymorphisms are different among different geographic regions and different races, thus different populations may have different risk factors of PTB. SNPs affect the ability to metabolize poisonous substances and determine inflammation susceptibility, which in turn has an influence on reproduction-related risks and on delivery outcomes after exposure to environmental toxicants and pathogenic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhu
- Suzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Suzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Suzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, China
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45
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Muzzio DO, Soldati R, Rolle L, Zygmunt M, Zenclussen AC, Jensen F. B-1a B cells regulate T cell differentiation associated with pregnancy disturbances. Front Immunol 2014; 5:6. [PMID: 24478775 PMCID: PMC3896948 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
During pregnancy, the maternal immune system faces a double dilemma: tolerate the growing semi-allogeneic fetus and at the same time protect the mother and the progeny against pathogens. This requires a fine and extremely regulated equilibrium between immune activation and tolerance. As professional antigen presenting cells, B cells and in particular B-1a B cells, can activate or tolerize T cells and thus participate in the generation or regulation of the immune response. B-1a B cells were involved in the humoral immune response leading to pre-eclampsia, one of the main medical complications during pregnancy. Here we demonstrated that B-1a B cells are additionally involved in cellular immune mechanisms associated with pregnancy complications. Using a mouse model of pregnancy disturbances, we showed that B-1a B cells from animals suffering pregnancy disturbances but not from those developing normal pregnancies induce the differentiation of naïve T cells into Th17 and Th1 cells. This differential role of B-1a B cells during pregnancy seems to be associated with the co-stimulatory molecule CD86 as normal pregnant mice showed lower percentages of CD86 expressing B-1a B cells as compared to pregnant mice developing pregnancy disturbances or to non-pregnant animals. Our data bring to light a new and not explored role of B-1a B cells in the context of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damián Oscar Muzzio
- Department of Experimental Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Rocío Soldati
- Department of Experimental Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Luise Rolle
- Department of Experimental Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Marek Zygmunt
- Research Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Greifswald , Greifswald , Germany
| | - Ana Claudia Zenclussen
- Department of Experimental Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Federico Jensen
- Department of Experimental Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University , Magdeburg , Germany
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McFadden J, Basketter D, Dearman R, Puangpet P, Kimber I. The hapten-atopy hypothesis III: the potential role of airborne chemicals. Br J Dermatol 2014; 170:45-51. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.12602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J.P. McFadden
- St John's Institute of Dermatology; King's College; St Thomas’ Hospital; London SE1 7EH U.K
| | | | - R.J. Dearman
- Faculty of Life Sciences; University of Manchester; Manchester U.K
| | | | - I. Kimber
- Faculty of Life Sciences; University of Manchester; Manchester U.K
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47
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Rinaldi SF, Hutchinson JL, Rossi AG, Norman JE. Anti-inflammatory mediators as physiological and pharmacological regulators of parturition. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2014; 7:675-96. [DOI: 10.1586/eci.11.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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48
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Giurgescu C, Engeland CG, Zenk SN, Kavanaugh K. Stress, Inflammation and Preterm Birth in African American Women. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1053/j.nainr.2013.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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49
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Raghupathy R. Cytokines as key players in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. Med Princ Pract 2013; 22 Suppl 1:8-19. [PMID: 23949305 PMCID: PMC5586811 DOI: 10.1159/000354200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Accepted: 12/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is an important, common, and dangerous complication of pregnancy; it causes maternal and perinatal illness and is responsible for a high proportion of maternal and infant deaths. PE is associated with increased blood pressure and proteinuria, with a whole host of other potentially serious complications in the mother and fetus. The maternal syndrome in PE is primarily that of generalized dysfunction of the maternal endothelium, and this generalized endothelial dysfunction appears to be part of an exaggerated systemic inflammatory response that involves maternal leukocytes and proinflammatory cytokines. This review examines evidence that points to a significant role for the maternal immune system; inadequate trophoblast invasion of spiral arteries initiates ischemia and hypoxia in the placenta, resulting in an increased release of proinflammatory cytokines in the placenta. Placental ischemia and hypoxia also cause the enhanced release of trophoblast microparticles into the maternal circulation which stimulates increased induction of proinflammatory cytokines and the activation of maternal endothelial cells. This activation results in a systemic, diffuse endothelial cell dysfunction which is the fundamental pathophysiological feature of this syndrome. Recent evidence also supports important roles for proinflammatory cytokines in hypertension, proteinuria, and edema which are characteristic features of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Raghupathy
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
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50
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Dibble S, Andersen A, Lassen MR, Cunanan J, Hoppensteadt D, Fareed J. Inflammatory and procoagulant cytokine levels during pregnancy as predictors of adverse obstetrical complications. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2013; 20:152-8. [PMID: 23869055 DOI: 10.1177/1076029613494467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Disturbances in cytokine networks are believed to be associated with increased risk of adverse pregnancy complications. METHODS Plasma samples collected from pregnant women with preterm deliveries, high-risk pregnancy complications including postpartum hemorrhage, hypertensive disorders, and multiple gestations, and normal pregnancies were analyzed at different periods throughout gestation and postpartum. Interleukin (IL) 1β , IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor α, and antiprotein Z antibody levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The IL-6 levels in preterm delivery patients were elevated during pregnancy with statistically significant differences observed at 21 to 32 weeks (P < .01) and 33+ weeks (P < .001). The IL-10 levels were increased in normal pregnancy at all time points compared to the other patient groups (P < .05). The TNF-α levels were elevated in the high-risk pregnancy group versus normal controls (P < .001 at <21 weeks and P < .05 at 21-32 weeks). CONCLUSION Analysis of the maternal plasma for elevated IL-6 and reduced IL-10 levels may be of value in the early prediction of pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Dibble
- 1Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
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