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Li S, Oh BC, Chu C, Arnold A, Jablonska A, Furtmüller GJ, Qin HM, Boltze J, Magnus T, Ludewig P, Janowski M, Brandacher G, Walczak P. Induction of immunological tolerance to myelinogenic glial-restricted progenitor allografts. Brain 2020; 142:3456-3472. [PMID: 31529023 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awz275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunological barrier currently precludes the clinical utilization of allogeneic stem cells. Although glial-restricted progenitors have become attractive candidates to treat a wide variety of neurological diseases, their survival in immunocompetent recipients is limited. In this study, we adopted a short-term, systemically applicable co-stimulation blockade-based strategy using CTLA4-Ig and anti-CD154 antibodies to modulate T-cell activation in the context of allogeneic glial-restricted progenitor transplantation. We found that co-stimulation blockade successfully prevented rejection of allogeneic glial-restricted progenitors from immunocompetent mouse brains. The long-term engrafted glial-restricted progenitors myelinated dysmyelinated adult mouse brains within one month. Furthermore, we identified a set of plasma miRNAs whose levels specifically correlated to the dynamic changes of immunoreactivity and as such could serve as biomarkers for graft rejection or tolerance. We put forward a successful strategy to induce alloantigen-specific hyporesponsiveness towards stem cells in the CNS, which will foster effective therapeutic application of allogeneic stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Li
- Neurology Department, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Division of MR Research, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Byoung Chol Oh
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation (VCA) Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Chengyan Chu
- Division of MR Research, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Antje Arnold
- Division of MR Research, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Anna Jablonska
- Division of MR Research, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Georg J Furtmüller
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation (VCA) Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hua-Min Qin
- Division of MR Research, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Johannes Boltze
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Tim Magnus
- Neurology Department, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peter Ludewig
- Neurology Department, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mirosław Janowski
- Division of MR Research, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gerald Brandacher
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation (VCA) Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Piotr Walczak
- Division of MR Research, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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2
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of conversion to cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 immunoglobulin (CTLA4Ig) treatment on tacrolimus (TAC)-induced renal dysfunction is well known, but its effect on TAC-induced diabetes mellitus (DM) is still undetermined. In the present study, we tested the diabetogenicity of CTLA4Ig and evaluated the effect of conversion to CTLA4Ig treatment on TAC-induced diabetic rats. METHODS We tested diabetogenicity of CTLA4Ig by escalating doses (0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 mg/kg weekly) for 4 weeks. In the conversion study, we administered TAC (1.5 mg/kg) for 3 weeks and confirmed TAC-induced DM by intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test. Thereafter, TAC administration was continued, withdrawn, or replaced by CTLA4Ig treatment (1 or 2 mg/kg) for additional 3 weeks. The effect of CTLA4Ig on TAC-induced DM in vivo and in vitro was evaluated by assessing pancreatic islet function, histopathology, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and macrophage infiltration. RESULTS Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test in the CTLA4Ig groups did not differ from the control group. In addition, plasma insulin level, glucose-induced insulin secretion, and islet viability were not different between the CTLA4Ig and control groups. In the conversion study, TAC withdrawal ameliorated pancreatic islet dysfunction compared with the TAC group, and conversion to CTLA4Ig further improved pancreatic islet function compared with the TAC withdrawal group. TAC-induced oxidative stress, apoptotic cell death, and infiltration of macrophages decreased with TAC withdrawal, and CTLA4Ig conversion further reduced those values. In the in vitro study, CTLA4Ig decreased TAC-induced pancreatic islet cell death and reactive oxygen species production. CONCLUSIONS CTLA4Ig was not diabetogenic, and conversion to CTLA4Ig reduced TAC-induced pancreatic islet injury.
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3
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Patakas A, Ji RR, Weir W, Connolly SE, Benson RA, Nadler SG, Brewer JM, McInnes IB, Garside P. Abatacept Inhibition of T Cell Priming in Mice by Induction of a Unique Transcriptional Profile That Reduces Their Ability to Activate Antigen-Presenting Cells. Arthritis Rheumatol 2016; 68:627-38. [DOI: 10.1002/art.39470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Agapitos Patakas
- University of Glasgow, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences; Glasgow UK
| | - Rui-Ru Ji
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, Research and Development; Princeton New Jersey
| | - William Weir
- University of Glasgow, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences; Glasgow UK
| | - Sean E. Connolly
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, Research and Development; Princeton New Jersey
| | - Robert A. Benson
- University of Glasgow, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences; Glasgow UK
| | - Steven G. Nadler
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, Research and Development; Princeton New Jersey
| | - James M. Brewer
- University of Glasgow, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences; Glasgow UK
| | - Iain B. McInnes
- University of Glasgow, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences; Glasgow UK
| | - Paul Garside
- University of Glasgow, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences; Glasgow UK
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4
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Yamada Y, Ochiai T, Boskovic S, Nadazdin O, Oura T, Schoenfeld D, Cappetta K, Smith RN, Colvin RB, Madsen JC, Sachs DH, Benichou G, Cosimi AB, Kawai T. Use of CTLA4Ig for induction of mixed chimerism and renal allograft tolerance in nonhuman primates. Am J Transplant 2014; 14:2704-12. [PMID: 25394378 PMCID: PMC4236265 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.12936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We have previously reported successful induction of renal allograft tolerance via a mixed chimerism approach in nonhuman primates. In those studies, we found that costimulatory blockade with anti-CD154 mAb was an effective adjunctive therapy for induction of renal allograft tolerance. However, since anti-CD154 mAb is not clinically available, we have evaluated CTLA4Ig as an alternative agent for effecting costimulation blockade in this treatment protocol. Two CTLA4Igs, abatacept and belatacept, were substituted for anti-CD154 mAb in the conditioning regimen (low dose total body irradiation, thymic irradiation, anti-thymocyte globulin and a 1-month posttransplant course of cyclosporine [CyA]). Three recipients treated with the abatacept regimen failed to develop comparable lymphoid chimerism to that achieved with anti-CD154 mAb treatment and these recipients rejected their kidney allografts early. With the belatacept regimen, four of five recipients developed chimerism and three of these achieved long-term renal allograft survival (>861, >796 and >378 days) without maintenance immunosuppression. Neither chimerism nor long-term allograft survival were achieved in two recipients treated with the belatacept regimen but with a lower, subtherapeutic dose of CyA. This study indicates that CD28/B7 blockade with belatacept can provide a clinically applicable alternative to anti-CD154 mAb for promoting chimerism and renal allograft tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Yamada
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Takanori Ochiai
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Svjetlan Boskovic
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Ognjenka Nadazdin
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Tetsu Oura
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - David Schoenfeld
- Department of Biostatistics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Kate Cappetta
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Rex-Neal Smith
- Department of pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Robert B Colvin
- Department of pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Joren C. Madsen
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - David H. Sachs
- Transplant Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Gilles Benichou
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - A. Benedict Cosimi
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Tatsuo Kawai
- Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
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5
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Gene therapy modalities in lung transplantation. Transpl Immunol 2014; 31:165-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2014.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 08/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Abstract
Allergic contact dermatitis is the quintessential example of a delayed-in-time and T-cell-mediated immune response. In the last decade, many of the molecular events required to initiate (or block) such a response have been uncovered. Textbook and journal reviews have emphasized the costimulatory requirements, with less focus on the coinhibitory signals that are of equal importance in understanding this central event of adaptive immunity. To fill this gap, we offer a compendium of discoveries characterizing the ligand-receptor pairs inhibiting T-cell activation and of selected illnesses and therapeutic applications that illuminate their role in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinjita Das
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Dallas Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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7
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Sucher R, Fischler K, Oberhuber R, Kronberger I, Margreiter C, Ollinger R, Schneeberger S, Fuchs D, Werner ER, Watschinger K, Zelger B, Tellides G, Pilat N, Pratschke J, Margreiter R, Wekerle T, Brandacher G. IDO and regulatory T cell support are critical for cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated Ag-4 Ig-mediated long-term solid organ allograft survival. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 188:37-46. [PMID: 22131334 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1002777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Costimulatory blockade of CD28-B7 interaction with CTLA4Ig is a well-established strategy to induce transplantation tolerance. Although previous in vitro studies suggest that CTLA4Ig upregulates expression of the immunoregulatory enzyme IDO in dendritic cells, the relationship of CTLA4Ig and IDO in in vivo organ transplantation remains unclear. In this study, we studied whether concerted immunomodulation in vivo by CTLA4Ig depends on IDO. C57BL/6 recipients receiving a fully MHC-mismatched BALB/c heart graft treated with CTLA4Ig + donor-specific transfusion showed indefinite graft survival (>100 d) without signs of chronic rejection or donor specific Ab formation. Recipients with long-term surviving grafts had significantly higher systemic IDO activity as compared with rejectors, which markedly correlated with intragraft IDO and Foxp3 levels. IDO inhibition with 1-methyl-dl-tryptophan, either at transplant or at postoperative day 50, abrogated CTLA4Ig + DST-induced long-term graft survival. Importantly, IDO1 knockout recipients experienced acute rejection and graft survival comparable to controls. In addition, αCD25 mAb-mediated depletion of regulatory T cells (Tregs) resulted in decreased IDO activity and again prevented CTLA4Ig + DST induced indefinite graft survival. Our results suggest that CTLA4Ig-induced tolerance to murine cardiac allografts is critically dependent on synergistic cross-linked interplay of IDO and Tregs. These results have important implications for the clinical development of this costimulatory blocker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Sucher
- Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Innsbruck Medical University, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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8
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Ex Vivo Transfer of Adenovirus-Mediated CTLA4Ig Gene Combined with a Short Course of Rapamycin Therapy Prolongs Free Flap Allograft Survival. Plast Reconstr Surg 2011; 127:1820-1829. [DOI: 10.1097/prs.0b013e31820cf264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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9
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Wei L, Wei-Min L, Cheng G, Bao-Guo Z. Upregulation of CD4+CD25+T lymphocyte by adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of CTLA4Ig fusion protein in experimental autoimmune myocarditis. Autoimmunity 2009; 39:289-98. [PMID: 16891217 DOI: 10.1080/08916930600758035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the effects of adenovirus vector-mediated gene transfer of CTLA4Ig fusion protein on CD4+CD25+ T cells in experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM). METHODS EAM was induced by porcine cardiac myosin as previously described. Adenovirus vector-mediated CTLA4Ig gene was administrated intravenously in EAM rats on days 1, 4 and 7, with EGFP as control. On day 21, myocardium histopathology was examined and CD4+CD25+ T cells were isolated. Proliferation and suppression assays were used to evaluate the suppressive capacity of CD4+CD25+ T cells in vitro. Relative mRNA level of Foxp3 and TGF-beta was determined by quantitative real-time RT-PCR; expression of CTLA-4, B7-1 and B7-2 protein was compared with Western blot in CD4+CD25+ Tregs. RESULTS Severe inflammatory lesions were observed in the hearts of EGFP-treated EAM rats and the untreated ones, while Ad-CMV-CTLA4Ig alleviated the myocarditis histologically. Adenovirus vector-mediated CTLA4Ig gene transfer up-regulated the proportion of CD4+CD25+ Tregs significantly. T cell proliferation was greatly inhibited in the CTLA4Ig group compared with the untreated and EGFP-treated groups in vitro. CTLA-4 and B7-2 proteins were down-regulated in the CTLA4Ig group, Foxp3 and TGF-beta mRNA was up-regulated significantly by CTLA4Ig treatment. CONCLUSIONS Adenovirus vector-mediated CTLA4Ig gene transfer alleviated inflammation in EAM, one of the potential mechanisms is up-regulation of CD4+CD25+ Tregs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Wei
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China.
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10
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You S, Alyanakian MA, Segovia B, Damotte D, Bluestone J, Bach JF, Chatenoud L. Immunoregulatory pathways controlling progression of autoimmunity in NOD mice. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2009; 1150:300-10. [PMID: 19120317 DOI: 10.1196/annals.1447.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The activation, expansion, and survival of regulatory T cells (Tregs) as well as the expression of their suppressive capacities result from distinct signaling pathways involving various membrane receptors and cytokines. Multiple studies have shown that thymus-derived naturally occurring Tregs constitutively express the forkhead/winged helix transcription factor FoxP3 in addition to high levels of CD25, the negative co-stimulatory molecule CTLA-4, and the glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor-related protein GITR. At variance, adaptive or induced Tregs acquire these phenotypic markers as they differentiate in the periphery, following adequate stimulation in the appropriate environment, together with their capacity to produce immunomodulatory cytokines (mainly, IL-4, IL-10 and TGF-beta) and to display regulatory capacities. However, none of these molecules but FoxP3 are restricted to Tregs since they may also be expressed and upregulated on activated effector T cells. This explains why different hypotheses were proposed to interpret interesting reports showing that in vivo abrogation of CTLA-4 signaling using neutralizing CTLA-4 antibodies triggers different autoimmune or immune-mediated manifestations. Thus, an effect on pathogenic T cell effectors and/or Tregs has been proposed. Here we present and discuss recent results we obtained in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of spontaneous autoimmune diabetes, arguing for a key role of CTLA-4 in the functional activity of Tregs. Moreover, data are presented that simultaneous blockade of CTLA4 and TGF-beta further impairs immunoregulatory circuits that control disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvaine You
- INSERM U580, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
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11
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Protein kinase C inhibitor, AEB-071, acts complementarily with cyclosporine to prevent islet rejection in rats. Transplantation 2009; 87:59-65. [PMID: 19136892 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0b013e31819198b4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AEB-071 (AEB) is a specific inhibitor of protein kinase C, which prevents T-lymphocyte activation. The present study investigated the effect of AEB on rat islet allotransplantation alone or in combination with CTLA4-Ig, mycophenolate mofetil, or cyclosporine A (CsA). METHODS A rodent allogeneic islet transplant model (Lewis to Wistar Furth) was used to investigate the efficacy of AEB as an immunosuppressive agent. Furthermore, the Lewis rat was used to screen for any AEB associated toxicities on glucose homeostasis in vivo. RESULTS AEB alone (30 mg/kg per os [p.o.] two times per day [bid]) delayed rejection to a median survival time of 22 days (vs. 7 days in control vehicle-treated animals, P<0.05). When combined with CsA (5 mg/kg p.o. bid), AEB prolonged survival from 12 (CsA alone) to over 100 days in 80% of animals (P<0.05). No delay in allograft rejection (above that resulting from AEB alone) was observed when AEB was combined with a sub-therapeutic dose of CTLA4-Ig or mycophenolate mofetil, nor low dose of CsA. The frequency of allospecific interferon-gamma-secreting splenocytes, assessed ex vivo by enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISPOT) assay, was lower in AEB-treated recipients compared with controls (P<0.05). AEB treatment did not alter the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance, the glucose-dependent insulin release, or the insulin content of the native pancreas. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that AEB is an appropriate immunosuppressive agent for islet transplantation, as it can prolong islet graft survival alone or in combination with CsA, without toxicity on glucose metabolism.
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12
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Li R, Perez N, Karumuthil-Melethil S, Prabhakar BS, Holterman MJ, Vasu C. Enhanced engagement of CTLA-4 induces antigen-specific CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ and CD4+CD25- TGF-beta 1+ adaptive regulatory T cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2007; 179:5191-203. [PMID: 17911604 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.179.8.5191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CTLA-4 is a critical negative regulator of T cell response and is instrumental in maintaining immunological tolerance. In this article, we report that enhanced selective engagement of CTLA-4 on T cells by Ag-presenting dendritic cells resulted in the induction of Ag-specific CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) and CD4(+)CD25(-)TGF-beta1(+) adaptive Tregs. These cells were CD62L(low) and hyporesponsive to stimulation with cognate Ag but demonstrated a superior ability to suppress Ag-specific effector T cell response compared with their CD62L(high) counterparts. Importantly, treatment of mice with autoimmune thyroiditis using mouse thyroglobulin (mTg)-pulsed anti-CTLA-4 agonistic Ab-coated DCs, which results in a dominant engagement of CTLA-4 upon self-Ag presentation, not only suppressed thyroiditis but also prevented reemergence of the disease upon rechallenge with mTg. Further, the disease suppression was associated with significantly reduced mTg-specific T cell and Ab responses. Collectively, our results showed an important role for selective CTLA-4 signaling in the induction of adaptive Tregs and suggested that approaches that allow dominant CTLA-4 engagement concomitant with Ag-specific TCR ligation can be used for targeted therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Bispecific/metabolism
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Antigens, CD/physiology
- Antigens, Differentiation/immunology
- Antigens, Differentiation/metabolism
- Antigens, Differentiation/physiology
- CTLA-4 Antigen
- Cells, Cultured
- Coculture Techniques
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/metabolism
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/biosynthesis
- Female
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/biosynthesis
- Immune Tolerance
- Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit/biosynthesis
- L-Selectin/biosynthesis
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred CBA
- Mice, Transgenic
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism
- Transforming Growth Factor beta1/biosynthesis
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruobing Li
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois, Chicago 60612, USA
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13
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Dranitzki-Elhalel M, Huang JH, Rachmilewitz J, Pappo O, Parnas M, Schmidt W, Tykocinski ML. CTLA-4.FasL inhibits allogeneic responses in vivo. Cell Immunol 2006; 239:129-35. [PMID: 16828466 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2006.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2006] [Revised: 05/10/2006] [Accepted: 05/11/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
CTLA-4.Fas ligand (CTLA-4.FasL), a paradigmatic 'trans signal converter protein (TSCP)', can attach to APC (via CTLA-4 binding to B7) and direct intercellular inhibitory signals to responding T cells (via FasL binding to Fas receptor), converting an activating APC-to-T cell signal into an inhibitory one. Our previous studies established that CTLA-4.FasL inhibits human primary mixed lymphocyte reactions (MLR) and induces alloantigen-specific hyporesponsiveness ex vivo. The present study extends this to an in vivo context. Using splenocytes from MHC-mismatched C57BL/6 and Balb/c mice, we demonstrated that his(6)CTLA-4.FasL, effectively inhibits murine MLR. Moving in vivo, we demonstrated that subcutaneously administered his(6)CTLA-4.FasL modulates the in vivo response of infused allogeneic splenocytes. his(6)CTLA-4.FasL reduces the number of cells in each cell division, and increases the percentage of dead cells in each division. These findings are consistent with an antigen-induced cell death of the alloreactive cells, and bolsters recombinant TCSP promise as a therapeutic for transplantation diseases.
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MESH Headings
- Adoptive Transfer
- Animals
- Antigens, CD
- Antigens, Differentiation/administration & dosage
- Antigens, Differentiation/adverse effects
- Antigens, Differentiation/physiology
- CTLA-4 Antigen
- Cell Death/immunology
- Cells, Cultured
- Coculture Techniques
- Fas Ligand Protein
- Growth Inhibitors/administration & dosage
- Growth Inhibitors/physiology
- Humans
- Immunosuppressive Agents/administration & dosage
- Injections, Subcutaneous
- Jurkat Cells
- Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed
- Lymphocyte Transfusion
- Lymphocytes/immunology
- Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Male
- Membrane Glycoproteins/administration & dosage
- Membrane Glycoproteins/adverse effects
- Membrane Glycoproteins/physiology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred CBA
- Mice, Inbred MRL lpr
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/administration & dosage
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/adverse effects
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/physiology
- Spleen/cytology
- Spleen/transplantation
- Tumor Necrosis Factors/administration & dosage
- Tumor Necrosis Factors/adverse effects
- Tumor Necrosis Factors/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dranitzki-Elhalel
- Nephrology and Hypertension Services, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
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14
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Higuchi T, Shiraishi T, Shirakusa T, Hirayama S, Shibaguchi H, Kuroki M, Hiratuka M, Yamamoto S, Iwasaki A, Kuroki M. Prevention of acute lung allograft rejection in rat by the janus kinase 3 inhibitor, tyrphostin AG490. J Heart Lung Transplant 2006; 24:1557-64. [PMID: 16210130 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2004.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2004] [Revised: 10/19/2004] [Accepted: 11/13/2004] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tyrphostin AG490 (AG490) potently and selectively inhibits gammac/Janus kinase 3-dependent signaling pathways, including downstream Stat5a/b activation and subsequent T cell proliferation by alloantigen stimulation. We evaluated the effects of AG490 on acute rat lung allograft rejection. METHODS A 7-day course of an intraperitoneal (IP) injection with 10 mg/kg, 15 mg/kg, or 20 mg/kg AG490 was administered to inhibit the rejection of orthotopically transplanted Brown Norway (RT1n) rat lung allografts in Fischer 344 (RT1(1vl)) rat recipients. The progression of allograft rejection was evaluated by X-ray with a semi-quantitative scoring system and was evaluated histologically with a semi-quantitative rejection scoring system for acute lung allograft rejection. Moreover, to determine whether AG490 regulates CD4+ T cell differentiation during acute rejection, flow cytometry was used to investigate Th1 (interferon-gamma) and Th2 (interleukin [IL]-4, IL-10) intracellular cytokine profiles and the CD4+CD25+ T cell population in recipient splenocytes. RESULTS Results of radiology and histology confirmed that treatment with AG490 significantly suppressed acute lung allograft rejection. Furthermore, the splenocytes of the AG490-treated recipients had significantly lower production of interferon-gamma and relatively higher production of IL-10, implying that a Th2 shift was induced by AG490. In addition, AG490-treated recipients had a significantly increased population of CD4+CD25+ T cells in their splenocytes on Day 6 after transplantation. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that treatment with AG490 prevents acute lung allograft rejection in rats. The effects of AG490 may contribute to development of CD4+CD25+ T cells and a Th2 shift of CD4+ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takao Higuchi
- The Second Department of Surgery, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan.
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Neuringer IP, Chalermskulrat W, Aris R. Obliterative bronchiolitis or chronic lung allograft rejection: a basic science review. J Heart Lung Transplant 2005; 24:3-19. [PMID: 15653373 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2004.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2003] [Revised: 12/12/2003] [Accepted: 01/06/2004] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel P Neuringer
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Cystic Fibrosis/Pulmonary Research and Treatment Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
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Jiang GP, Hu ZH, Zheng SS, Jia CK, Zhang AB, Wang WL. Adenovirus-mediated CTLA4Ig gene inhibits infiltration of immune cells and cell apoptosis in rats after liver transplantation. World J Gastroenterol 2005; 11:1065-9. [PMID: 15742417 PMCID: PMC4250774 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v11.i7.1065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the role of adenovirus-mediated CTLA4Ig gene therapy in inhibiting the infiltration of macrophages and CD8+T cells and cell apoptosis after liver transplantation.
METHODS: The rat orthotopic liver transplantation model was applied. The rats were divided into three groups: group I: rejection control (SD-to-Wistar); group II: acute rejection treated with intramuscular injection of CsA 3.0 mg/(kg·d) for 12 d (SD-to-Wistar+CsA); groupIII: injection of 1×109 PFU adenovirus-mediated CTLA4Ig gene liquor in dorsal vein of penis 7 d before liver transplantation (SD-to-Wistar+CTLA4Ig). Immunohistochemistry and transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) were used to analyze the expression of CTLA4Ig gene in liver, infiltration of macrophages and CD8+T cells, cell apoptosis in grafts at different time-points after liver transplantation. Histopathological examination was done.
RESULTS: CTLA4Ig gene expression was positive in liver on d 7 after administering adenovirus-mediated CTLA4Ig gene via vein, and remained positive until day 60 after liver transplantation. Infiltration of macrophages and CD8+T cells in CTLA4Ig-treated group was less than in rejection control group and CsA-treated group. The apoptotic index of rejection group on d 3, 5, and 7 were significantly higher than that of CTLA4Ig-treated group. A good correlation was found between severity of rejection reaction and infiltration of immune activator cells or cell apoptotic index in grafts.
CONCLUSION: CTLA4Ig gene is constantly expressed in liver and plays an important role in inducing immune tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Ping Jiang
- Ministry of Public Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Vasu C, Prabhakar BS, Holterman MJ. Targeted CTLA-4 engagement induces CD4+CD25+CTLA-4high T regulatory cells with target (allo)antigen specificity. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2004; 173:2866-76. [PMID: 15295006 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.173.4.2866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
CTLA-4 (CD152) is actively involved in down-regulating T cell activation and maintaining lymphocyte homeostasis. Our earlier studies showed that targeted engagement of CTLA-4 can down-modulate T cell response and suppress allo- and autoimmune responses. In this study, we report that targeted CTLA-4 engagement can induce immune tolerance to a specific target through selective induction of an Ag-specific CD4(+)CD25(+)CTLA-4(high) regulatory T cell (Treg cell) population. Allogeneic cells coated with anti-CTLA-4 Ab induced immune hyporesponsiveness through suppression of proinflammatory cytokines IFN-gamma and IL-2, and up-regulation of the regulatory cytokines IL-10, TGF-beta1, and IL-4, presumably through the engagement of CTLA-4 on activated T cells. Although rechallenge with alloantigen failed to break the unresponsiveness, a transient recovery from tolerance was observed in the presence of high concentrations of exogenous IL-2, saturating concentrations of neutralizing anti-TGF-beta1 and anti-IL-10 Abs, and blocking anti-CTLA-4 Ab, and upon depletion of CD4(+)CD25(+) Treg cells. The CD4(+)CD25(+)CTLA-4(high) Treg cells from tolerant mice suppressed the effector function of CD25(-) T cells from Ag-primed mice. Adoptive transfer of these Treg cells into Ag-primed mice resulted in a significantly reduced alloantigen-specific response. Further characterization demonstrated that the Treg cells with memory phenotype (CD62L(-)) were more potent in suppressing the alloantigen-specific T cell response. These results strongly support that the targeted engagement of CTLA-4 has therapeutic potential for the prevention of transplant rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenthamarakshan Vasu
- Departments of Surgery and Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Wang YF, Xu AG, Hua YB, Wu WX. Effect of local CTLA4Ig gene transfection on acute rejection of small bowel allografts in rats. World J Gastroenterol 2004; 10:885-8. [PMID: 15040038 PMCID: PMC4727007 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v10.i6.885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM: To evaluate the local expression of CTLA4Ig gene in small bowels and its effect on preventing acute rejection of the small bowel allografts.
METHODS: Groups of Wistar rats underwent heterotopic small bowel transplantation from SD rats. The recipients were randomly divided into experimental group (allografts were transfected with CTLA4Ig gene) and control group (non CTLA4Ig gene transfected). In the experimental group, the donor small bowels were perfused ex vivo with CTLA4Ig cDNA packaged with lipofectin vector via intra-superior mesenteric artery before transplantation, and the CTLA4Ig expression in the small bowel grafts post-transplantation was assessed by immunohistology. On d 3, 7 and 10 post-transplantation, the allografts in each group were harvested for the examination of histology and detection of apoptosis.
RESULTS: Small bowel allografts treated with CTLA4Ig cDNA showed abundant CTLA4Ig expression after transplantation. Acute rejection of grade I on d 7 and grade II on d 10 after transplantation was noticed in the control allografts, and a dramatically increased number of apoptotic enterocytes in parallel to the progressive rejection could be recognized. In contrast, the allografts treated with CTLA4Ig cDNA showed nonspecific histological changes and only a few apoptotic enterocytes were found after transplantation.
CONCLUSION: Local CTLA4Ig gene transfection of small bowel allograft is feasible, and the local CTLA4Ig expression in the allograft can prevent acute rejection after transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
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Wang YF, Xu AG, Hua YB, Wu WX. Effect of local CTLA4Ig gene transfection on acute rejection of small bowel allografts in rats. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2004; 12:685-688. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v12.i3.685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To evaluate the local expression of CTLA4Ig gene in small bowels and its action on preventing acute rejection of the small bowel allografts.
METHODS: Wistar rats underwent heterotopic small bowel transplantation from SD rats. The recipients were divided into experimental group (allografts were transfected with CTLA4Ig gene) and control group (CTLA4Ig gene not transfected) randomly. In the experimental group, the donor small bowels were perfused in vitro with CTLA4Ig cDNA packaged with lipofectin vector via intra-superior mesenteric artery before transplantation, and the CTLA4Ig expression in the small bowel grafts post-transplantation was assessed by immunohistology. On d 3, 7 and 10 post-transplantation, the allografts in each group were harvested for the examination of histology and assay of apoptosis.
RESULTS: Small bowel allografts treated with CTLA4Ig cDNA showed abundant CTLA4Ig expression after transplantation. Acute rejection grade Ⅰ on day 7 and grade Ⅱ on day 10 after transplantation was noticed in the control allografts, and a dramatically increased number of apoptotic enterocytes in parallel to the progressive rejection could be recognized. In contrast, the allografts treated with CTLA4Ig cDNA showed nonspecific histological changes and only a few of apoptotic enterocytes were found after transplantation.
CONCLUSION: Local CTLA4Ig gene transfection of small bowel allograft is feasible, and the local CTLA4Ig expression in the allograft can prevent acute rejection after transplantation.
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Ugurlu MM, Griffin MD, Tazelaar HD, McGregor CGA. Synergistic effects of CTLA-4Ig and sirolimus on orthotopic lung-allograft survival and histology. Transplantation 2003; 76:489-95. [PMID: 12923433 DOI: 10.1097/01.tp.0000072374.48680.e0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The combination of CTLA-4Ig with sirolimus can promote indefinite survival in allograft models for which CTLA-4Ig monotherapy is ineffective. We sought to determine whether a limited course of CTLA-4Ig and sirolimus would alter survival of rat orthotopic single-lung transplantations. METHODS Left lungs of Brown Norway rats were transplanted into four groups of Lewis recipients (n=6 per group): group 1, no treatment; group 2, mCTLA-4Ig (250 microg/day for 4 days); group 3, sirolimus (3 mg/kg per day for 14 days); group 4, combined therapy with sirolimus and mCTLA-4Ig. Graft survival was determined by daily radiologic examination. Histologic grading of rejection and immunohistochemical staining for T and B lymphocytes were carried out at the time of radiologic graft loss. RESULTS Rejection of lung allografts in group 1 occurred at a median of 6.5 days. Neither sirolimus nor mCTLA-4Ig monotherapy resulted in significant prolongation of graft survival (median 9.5 and 8.0 days, respectively). Graft survival in group 4 was significantly prolonged compared with all other groups (median 29.5 days), and a significant reduction in histologic grade of rejection was observed following combination therapy compared with all other groups. Infiltration by CD8+ve T cells at the time of rejection was proportionately greater than CD4+ve T-cell infiltration for groups 1, 2, and 3 but not for the combined-therapy group. CONCLUSIONS A brief course of combined mCTLA-4Ig and sirolimus prolongs graft survival, reduces severity of rejection, and attenuates CD8+ve T-cell infiltration of fully major histocompatibility complex mismatched lung allografts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa M Ugurlu
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA
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Hancock WW, Wang L, Ye Q. Chemokine-directed dendritic cell trafficking in allograft rejection. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2003. [DOI: 10.1097/00075200-200303000-00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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