1
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Leve LD, Anderson D, Harold GT, Neiderhiser JM, Natsuaki MN, Shaw DS, Ganiban JM, Reiss D. Developmental profiles of child behavior problems from 18 months to 8 years: The protective effects of structured parenting vary by genetic risk. Dev Psychopathol 2022; 34:1-15. [PMID: 35929354 PMCID: PMC9899296 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579422000839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Some children are more affected by specific family environments than others, as a function of differences in their genetic make-up. However, longitudinal studies of genetic moderation of parenting effects during early childhood have not been conducted. We examined developmental profiles of child behavior problems between 18 months and age 8 in a longitudinal parent-offspring sample of 361 adopted children. In toddlerhood (18 months), observed structured parenting indexed parental guidance in service of task goals. Biological parent psychopathology served as an index of genetic influences on children's behavior problems. Four profiles of child behavior problems were identified: low stable (11%), average stable (50%), higher stable (29%), and high increasing (11%). A multinominal logistic regression analysis indicated a genetically moderated effect of structured parenting, such that for children whose biological mother had higher psychopathology, the odds of the child being in the low stable group increased as structured parenting increased. Conversely, for children whose biological mother had lower psychopathology, the odds of being in the low stable group was reduced when structured parenting increased. Results suggest that increasing structured parenting is an effective strategy for children at higher genetic risk for psychopathology, but may be detrimental for those at lower genetic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie D. Leve
- Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Daniel Anderson
- Behavioral Research and Teaching, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
- Always Be Learning, Inc, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Jenae M. Neiderhiser
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Misaki N. Natsuaki
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Daniel S. Shaw
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jody M. Ganiban
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - David Reiss
- Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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2
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Pekdoğan S, Kanak M. Child Temperament as a Predictor of Parents' Potential for Emotional Abuse. J Nerv Ment Dis 2022; 210:330-334. [PMID: 34845139 DOI: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000001449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Children who are constantly criticized and humiliated by their parents and whose needs for affection and attention are not sufficiently addressed are defined as people with personality traits, low self-confidence, and antisocial behaviors. These personality traits have a significant influence on the shaping of the child's temperament. Therefore, emotional abuse negatively affects both the personality and success of the child. In line with this, child temperament was analyzed as a predictor of the emotional abuse potential of parents who have children between the ages of 4 and 6. The experimental group of the study consisted of 237 parents. Data were collected using The Scale for Emotional Abuse Potential of Parents with Children Aged 3 to 6 and Temperament Assessment Battery for Children-Revised: Parent Form. In the data analysis, the intervariable relationship was determined by the Pearson correlation coefficient, and the predictors of emotional abuse potentials were determined by multiple regression analysis. As a result of the analysis, a significant negative correlation was found between shyness and parents' emotionally abusive behaviors, a significant positive correlation between those behaviors and surgency, and negative affectivity. A positive correlation was found between persistence and the parents' emotional abuse preventive behaviors. In terms of predictive variables, it was found that the causality subdimension of the emotional abuse potentials of parents was significantly predicted by the negative affectivity subdimension of temperament, and emotional abuse preventive potentials of parents were significantly predicted by the persistence subdimension of temperament.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serpil Pekdoğan
- Basic Education Department, Education Faculty, İnönü University, Malatya
| | - Mehmet Kanak
- Basic Education Department, Education Faculty, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
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3
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Lovato I, Vanes LD, Sacchi C, Simonelli A, Hadaya L, Kanel D, Falconer S, Counsell S, Redshaw M, Kennea N, Edwards AD, Nosarti C. Early Childhood Temperamental Trajectories following Very Preterm Birth and Their Association with Parenting Style. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:508. [PMID: 35455552 PMCID: PMC9025945 DOI: 10.3390/children9040508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Childhood temperament is an early characteristic shaping later life adjustment. However, little is currently known about the stability of early temperament and its susceptibility to the environment in children born very preterm (VPT; <33 weeks’ gestation). Here, we investigated infant-to-childhood temperamental trajectories, and their interaction with parental practices, in VPT children. Maternal reports of infant temperament were collected in 190 infants (mean age: 11.27 months; range 9−18 months) enrolled in the longitudinal Evaluation of Preterm Imaging (ePrime; Eudra: CT 2009-011602-42) study, using the ePrime questionnaire on infant temperament. At 4−7 years of age, further assessments of child temperament (Children’s Behavior Questionnaire—Very Short Form) and parenting style (Arnold’s Parenting Scale) were conducted. Results showed that more difficult temperament in infancy was associated with increased Negative Affectivity in childhood, regardless of parenting practices. This lends support to the stability of early temperamental traits reflecting negative emotionality. In contrast, a lax parenting style moderated the relationship between easy infant temperament and Negative Affectivity at 4−7 years, such that an easier infant temperament was increasingly associated with higher childhood Negative Affectivity scores as parental laxness increased. These results highlight a potential vulnerability of VPT infants considered by their mothers to be easy to handle, as they may be more susceptible to the effects of suboptimal parenting in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Lovato
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 7EH, UK; (I.L.); (L.D.V.); (L.H.); (D.K.); (S.F.); (S.C.); (A.D.E.)
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padova, 35151 Padova, Italy; (C.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Lucy D. Vanes
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 7EH, UK; (I.L.); (L.D.V.); (L.H.); (D.K.); (S.F.); (S.C.); (A.D.E.)
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Chiara Sacchi
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padova, 35151 Padova, Italy; (C.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Alessandra Simonelli
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padova, 35151 Padova, Italy; (C.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Laila Hadaya
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 7EH, UK; (I.L.); (L.D.V.); (L.H.); (D.K.); (S.F.); (S.C.); (A.D.E.)
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Dana Kanel
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 7EH, UK; (I.L.); (L.D.V.); (L.H.); (D.K.); (S.F.); (S.C.); (A.D.E.)
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Shona Falconer
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 7EH, UK; (I.L.); (L.D.V.); (L.H.); (D.K.); (S.F.); (S.C.); (A.D.E.)
| | - Serena Counsell
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 7EH, UK; (I.L.); (L.D.V.); (L.H.); (D.K.); (S.F.); (S.C.); (A.D.E.)
| | - Maggie Redshaw
- National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK;
| | - Nigel Kennea
- Neonatal Unit, St George’s Hospital, London SW17 0QT, UK;
| | - Anthony David Edwards
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 7EH, UK; (I.L.); (L.D.V.); (L.H.); (D.K.); (S.F.); (S.C.); (A.D.E.)
| | - Chiara Nosarti
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 7EH, UK; (I.L.); (L.D.V.); (L.H.); (D.K.); (S.F.); (S.C.); (A.D.E.)
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
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4
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Derrick T, Mack W, Palinkas L, Kipke M, Javier JR. Evaluating an Evidence-Based Parenting Intervention Among Filipino Parents: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2022; 11:e21867. [PMID: 35175200 PMCID: PMC8895283 DOI: 10.2196/21867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Filipino Americans underuse mental health and preventive care services even though studies have indicated that Filipino youth experience high rates of suicidal ideation, substance abuse, and teen pregnancies, whereas adults experience immigration stress, discrimination, and depression. Evidence-based parenting interventions provided in early childhood have proven to be effective in preventing the onset and escalation of child mental health disorders. In a pilot randomized controlled trial, we found that participation in the Incredible Years Basic Parent Training Program (IY) improved parenting stress and positive parenting practices and decreased child internalizing and externalizing symptoms among Filipino families. A fully powered trial is needed to determine the efficacy of IY as a prevention program among Filipino families. OBJECTIVE The aims of this study are to describe the design and rationale of a randomized controlled trial evaluating the effects of the web-based IY program among parents recruited from multiple community-based settings and its impact on parenting practices, parenting stress, and child problem behavior among Filipino Americans and describe the impact of COVID-19 on our study protocols. METHODS This study uses a randomized controlled 2-arm individually randomized group treatment pretest-posttest design for 180 parent-child dyads. Individuals are eligible if they are ≥18 years, live in California, and have at least one Filipino child aged 8-12 years. Consenting participants are randomly allocated to receive either the 12-week IY parenting intervention (intervention arm) or American Academy of Pediatrics' Bright Future handouts and placed on a waitlist to receive IY posttrial (waitlist control arm). Primary outcomes include the Parent Practices Interview and the Parenting Stress Index. Secondary outcomes will be measured using the Child Behavior Checklist (completed by parent) and will include child internalizing and externalizing behaviors and total problems. Data are collected at baseline and 3- and 6-month follow-ups. RESULTS Changes made to the protocol owing to COVID-19 include administration of surveys remotely and implementation of the intervention on the web. The pandemic has provided an opportunity to evaluate the effectiveness of a web-based version of IY that may improve access and increase use of the intervention. Recruitment and data collection procedures are still ongoing and are expected to be completed by December 2022. CONCLUSIONS Our research will determine whether IY promotes positive parenting practices and prevents child internalizing and externalizing behaviors in healthy but high-risk populations such as Filipino families. It will also uplift cultural narratives and add to the evidence base for web-based parenting programs and their implementation in real-world settings. If found efficacious, IY has the potential to prevent behavioral health disparities in this understudied and high-risk Filipino population and can be scaled, adapted, and implemented in other at-risk racial and ethnic minority communities. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04031170; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04031170. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/21867.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wendy Mack
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Lawrence Palinkas
- Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Michele Kipke
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Division of Research on Child, Youth, and Families, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Joyce Rivera Javier
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Division of General Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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5
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Echezarraga A, Fernández-González L, Calvete E. The role of temperament traits as predictors of depressive symptoms and resilience in adolescents. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PERSONALITY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2021.104155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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6
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Breitenstein RS, Hoyniak CP, McQuillan ME, Bates JE. Sleep and self-regulation in early childhood. ADVANCES IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND BEHAVIOR 2021; 60:111-137. [PMID: 33641790 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acdb.2020.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
What is the role of sleep in children's behavioral, emotional, and cognitive regulation? This chapter considers theoretical and conceptual links between sleep and self-regulation, with special attention to sleep and self-regulation in early childhood. We selectively review the growing body of research on associations between sleep and self-regulation, mentioning some methodological issues. We also consider how child characteristics and sociocontextual factors may interact with sleep in the development of self-regulation in early childhood. We provide some relevant empirical examples from our own research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reagan S Breitenstein
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States.
| | - Caroline P Hoyniak
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Maureen E McQuillan
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - John E Bates
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States
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7
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The Influence of Mothers’ Parenting Sensitivity on Aggression of Toddlers: The Moderated Mediation Effect of Inhibitory Control and Negative Emotionality. ADONGHAKOEJI 2021. [DOI: 10.5723/kjcs.2021.42.1.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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8
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Chavez Arana C, de Pauw SS, van IJzendoorn MH, de Maat DA, Kok R, Prinzie P. No differential susceptibility or diathesis stress to parenting in early adolescence: Personality facets predicting behaviour problems. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2020.110406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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9
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Prinzie P, Onghena P, Hellinckx W, Grietens H, Ghesquière P, Colpin H. Parent and child personality characteristics as predictors of negative discipline and externalizing problem behaviour in children. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/per.501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Negative discipline has been linked to childhood externalizing behaviour. However, relatively little attention has been given to the potential effect of individual personality characteristics of children and parents. Using the Five Factor Model, we examined the extent to which parents' and children's personality characteristics were related to parenting and children's externalizing behaviour in a proportional stratified general population sample (N=599) of elementary‐school‐aged children. Based on Patterson's macromodel of parenting, an initial model was built, hypothesizing that the impact of parents' and child's personality dimensions on externalizing problems was fully mediated by negative discipline. Results supported a modified model that added direct pathways between parent and child personality characteristics and externalizing problem behaviour. For the mother data, as well as for the father data, children's Extraversion and Imagination were positively related to children's externalizing problem behaviours. Children's Benevolence and Conscientiousness and parents' Emotional Stability were negatively related to externalizing problem behaviours. For the mother data, maternal Agreeableness was positively related to externalizing problem behaviours too. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Prinzie
- Department of Educational Sciences, Catholic University Leuven, Belgium
| | - P. Onghena
- Department of Educational Sciences, Catholic University Leuven, Belgium
| | - W. Hellinckx
- Department of Educational Sciences, Catholic University Leuven, Belgium
| | - H. Grietens
- Department of Educational Sciences, Catholic University Leuven, Belgium
| | - P. Ghesquière
- Department of Educational Sciences, Catholic University Leuven, Belgium
| | - H. Colpin
- Department of Educational Sciences, Catholic University Leuven, Belgium
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10
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Prinzie P, Onghena P, Hellinckx W, Grietens H, Ghesquière P, Colpin H. The additive and interactive effects of parenting and children's personality on externalizing behaviour. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/per.467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Parenting practices have been previously linked to childhood externalizing behaviour. However, little attention has been given to the potential effect of individual personality differences among children on this relation. The current study assesses the additive effects of children's personality characteristics and explores the moderating effects of children's personality on relations between parenting practices and childhood externalizing behaviour using a proportional stratified sample of 599 nonclinical elementary‐school‐aged children. Multiple regression analyses reveal that in the mother data as well as in the father data, dysfunctional parenting and the children's personality characteristics Benevolence, Conscientiousness, and Extraversion were directly related to outcomes consistent with an additive model of their effects. Significant interactions indicate that children with low scores on Benevolence who were exposed to overreactive discipline practices exhibited higher levels of externalizing behaviour. Children characterized by low scores on Conscientiousness who were exposed to coercive parenting behaviour showed elevated levels of externalizing behaviour. These results suggest that integrating children's personality characteristics within parenting models can improve the understanding of the aetiology of childhood externalizing problem behaviour. The implications of such integrations for intervention are discussed. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Prinzie
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - P. Onghena
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - W. Hellinckx
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - H. Grietens
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - P. Ghesquière
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - H. Colpin
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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11
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Sousa M, Cruz S, Cruz O. The relationship of emotion regulation and negative lability with socioemotional adjustment in institutionalized and non-institutionalized children. BRITISH JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 39:169-189. [PMID: 33108007 DOI: 10.1111/bjdp.12361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
With this study, we aimed to investigate the contribution of emotion regulation and negative lability to socioemotional adjustment in institutionalized and non-institutionalized children. Ninety-two children aged 6 to 10 years (45 placed in residential care after abuse and 47 non-abused, living with their biological families) participated in this study. Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire were completed by the main caregivers of the institutions and by the elementary teacher, respectively, for the institutionalized and non-institutionalized groups. No differences were observed between institutionalized and non-institutionalized children in emotion regulation, negative lability, and socioemotional adjustment outcomes. Also, no sex and age effects were observed for both groups. Considering the institutionalized children, the length of institutionalization had a significant effect on negative lability, while no effects of the type of maltreatment on emotion regulation and negative lability were observed. Additionally, in institutionalized children, negative lability was negatively associated with peer relationship problems in socioemotional adjustment, whereas in the non-institutionalized children, no significant associations were verified between emotion regulation and negative lability with socioemotional adjustment outcomes. For institutionalized children, emotional lability seems to have a differential impact on specific maladaptive socioemotional outcomes, which emphasizes the importance of analysing these specific risk developmental pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Sousa
- Universidade Lusíada Norte - Porto, Portugal.,Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação da, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Cruz
- Universidade Lusíada Norte - Porto, Portugal
| | - Orlanda Cruz
- Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação da, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
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12
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Sánchez-Pérez N, Putnam SP, Gartstein MA, González-Salinas C. ADHD and ODD Symptoms in Toddlers: Common and Specific Associations with Temperament Dimensions. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2020; 51:310-320. [PMID: 31624999 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-019-00931-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the relationship between temperament and signs of psychopathology in typically developing toddlers. More specifically, Attentional Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) symptoms were analyzed in connection with fine-grained temperament dimensions. The sample was composed of 65 toddlers aged between 18 and 35 months. Bivariate correlations showed that higher levels of negative emotionality and approach tendencies, and lower levels of inhibitory control, were related to more ADHD and ODD manifestations. Bivariate correlations also indicated unique associations: lower levels of soothability were associated with higher ODD symptoms, whereas lower attentional focusing and low-intensity pleasure were related with higher ADHD symptoms. Additionally, regression and path analysis models indicated that ADHD was predominantly associated with attentional focusing and motor activation whereas ODD was most closely related to frustration. Our findings highlight the relevance of studying early correlates of psychopathological manifestations to identify children who could benefit from prevention and early intervention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Sánchez-Pérez
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Teruel, Spain
| | | | - Maria A Gartstein
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Carmen González-Salinas
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Education, Faculty of Psychology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
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13
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How Early Is Too Early? Identification of Elevated, Persistent Problem Behavior in Childhood. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2019; 21:445-455. [PMID: 31768806 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-019-01060-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We inquire how early in childhood children most at risk for problematic patterns of internalizing and externalizing behaviors can be accurately classified. Yearly measures of anxiety/depressive symptoms and aggressive behaviors (ages 6-13; n = 334), respectively, are used to identify behavioral trajectories. We then assess the degree to which limited spans of yearly information allow for the correct classification into the elevated, persistent pattern of the problem behavior, identified theoretically and empirically as high-risk and most in need of intervention. The true positive rate (sensitivity) is below 70% for anxiety/depressive symptoms and aggressive behaviors using behavioral information through ages 6 and 7. Conversely, by age 9, over 90% of the high-risk individuals are correctly classified (i.e., sensitivity) for anxiety/depressive symptoms, but this threshold is not met until age 12 for aggressive behaviors. Notably, the false positive rate of classification for both high-risk problem behaviors is consistently low using each limited age span of data (< 5%). These results suggest that correct classification into highest risk groups of childhood problem behavior is limited using behavioral information observed at early ages. Prevention programming targeting those who will display persistent, elevated levels of problem behavior should be cognizant of the degree of misclassification and how this varies with the accumulation of behavioral information. Continuous assessment of problem behaviors is needed throughout childhood in order to continually identify high-risk individuals most in need of intervention as behavior patterns are sufficiently realized.
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Fearful Inhibition, Inhibitory Control, and Maternal Negative Behaviors During Toddlerhood Predict Internalizing Problems at Age 6. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2019; 46:1665-1675. [PMID: 29556860 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-018-0419-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Many, but not all, young children with high levels of fearful inhibition will develop internalizing problems. Individual studies have examined either child regulatory or environmental factors that might influence the level of risk. We focused on the interaction of regulation and environment by assessing how early fearful inhibition at age 2, along with inhibitory control and maternal negative behaviors at age 3, interactively predicted internalizing problems at age 6. A total of 218 children (105 boys, 113 girls) and their mothers participated in the study. Results indicated a three-way interaction among fearful inhibition, inhibitory control, and maternal negative behaviors. The correlation between fearful inhibition and internalizing was significant only when children had low inhibitory control and experienced high levels of maternal negative behaviors. Either having high inhibitory control or experiencing low maternal negative behaviors buffered against the adverse effect caused by the absence of the other. These findings highlight the importance of considering associations among both within-child factors and environmental factors in studying children's socioemotional outcomes.
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15
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Camerota M, Propper CB, Teti DM. Intrinsic and extrinsic factors predicting infant sleep: Moving beyond main effects. DEVELOPMENTAL REVIEW 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dr.2019.100871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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16
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Morrow AS, Villodas MT, Cunius MK. Prospective Risk and Protective Factors for Juvenile Arrest Among Youth At Risk for Maltreatment. CHILD MALTREATMENT 2019; 24:286-298. [PMID: 30798626 DOI: 10.1177/1077559519828819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to prospectively identify ecological risk factors for juvenile arrest in a sample of youth at risk for maltreatment. Chi-Squared Automatic Interaction Detector analysis was performed with data from 592 youth from the Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect to identify the optimal combination of age 14 predictors of past-year arrest at age 16. Results extended previous research, which has identified being male, having more conduct disorder symptoms, suspension from school, perceived school importance, witnessing family violence, and having a jailed family member as key risk and protective factors for arrest by identifying important interactions among these risk factors. These interactions differentiate youth at the greatest risk of arrest, which, in this sample, were males with greater than two symptoms of conduct disorder who witnessed family violence. These findings suggest that longitudinal and multi-informant data could inform the refinement of actuarial risk assessments for juvenile arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne S Morrow
- 1 Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
- 2 Center for Children and Families, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
- 3 University of Mississippi Medical Center, MS USA
| | - Miguel T Villodas
- 4 Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Moira K Cunius
- 4 Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
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Russell CG, Russell A. A biopsychosocial approach to processes and pathways in the development of overweight and obesity in childhood: Insights from developmental theory and research. Obes Rev 2019; 20:725-749. [PMID: 30768750 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Childhood obesity has reached alarming proportions in many countries. There is consensus that both biological (especially genetic) and environmental (including psychosocial) factors contribute to weight gain and obesity in childhood. Research has identified extensive risk or predictive factors for childhood obesity from both of these domains. There is less consensus about the developmental processes or pathways showing how these risk factors lead to overweigh/obesity (OW/OB) in childhood. We outline a biopsychosocial process model of the development of OW/OB in childhood. The model and associated scholarship from developmental theory and research guide an analysis of research on OW/OB in childhood. The model incorporates biological factors such as genetic predispositions or susceptibility genes, temperament, and homeostatic and allostatic processes with the psychosocial and behavioral factors of parenting, parental feeding practices, child appetitive traits, food liking, food intakes, and energy expenditure. There is an emphasis on bidirectional and transactional processes linking child biology and behavior with psychosocial processes and environment. Insights from developmental theory and research include implications for conceptualization, measurement, research design, and possible multiple pathways to OW/OB. Understanding the developmental processes and pathways involved in childhood OW/OB should contribute to more targeted prevention and intervention strategies in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine G Russell
- Faculty of Health, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Centre for Advanced Sensory Science, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Alan Russell
- College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia
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Dick DM. Commentary for Special Issue of Prevention Science "Using Genetics in Prevention: Science Fiction or Science Fact?". PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2019; 19:101-108. [PMID: 28735446 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-017-0828-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A growing number of prevention studies have incorporated genetic information. In this commentary, I discuss likely reasons for growing interest in this line of research and reflect on the current state of the literature. I review challenges associated with the incorporation of genotypic information into prevention studies, as well as ethical considerations associated with this line of research. I discuss areas where developmental psychologists and prevention scientists can make substantive contributions to the study of genetic predispositions, as well as areas that could benefit from closer collaborations between prevention scientists and geneticists to advance this area of study. In short, this commentary tackles the complex questions associated with what we hope to achieve by adding genetic components to prevention research and where this research is likely to lead in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle M Dick
- Departments of Psychology and Human & Molecular Genetics, College Behavioral and Emotional Health Institute, Virginia Commonwealth University, Box 842018, Richmond, VA, 23284-2018, USA.
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19
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Lansford JE, Pettit GS, Rauer A, Vandenberg CE, Schulenberg JE, Staff J, Jager J, Dodge KA, Bates JE. Intergenerational continuity and stability in early family formation. JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY : JFP : JOURNAL OF THE DIVISION OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY OF THE AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION (DIVISION 43) 2019; 33:370-379. [PMID: 30628807 PMCID: PMC6449194 DOI: 10.1037/fam0000497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study examines intergenerational continuity (mean level similarity) and stability (maintenance of rank ordering of individuals) in age and marital status at the time of becoming a young parent using prospective data from 3 generations of 585 families. G2 participants were recruited at the age of 5 years and followed until the age of 28, by which time 227 had become parents themselves. The findings suggest that despite dramatic intergenerational discontinuities with young adults, on average, now being more likely to be unmarried and older at the time of becoming parents than in previous generations, intergenerational stability in age and marital status at the time of becoming a young parent is still substantial. This intergenerational stability was, for the most part, not moderated by demographic, familial, or behavioral factors, suggesting that a developmental, multigenerational perspective is necessary to understand what has previously been considered a largely demographic issue. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gregory S Pettit
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Auburn University
| | - Amy Rauer
- Department of Child and Family Studies, University of Tennessee
| | | | - John E Schulenberg
- Institute for Social Research and Department of Psychology, University of Michigan
| | - Jeremy Staff
- Department of Sociology and Criminology, Pennsylvania State University
| | - Justin Jager
- T. Denny Sanford School of Social and Family Dynamics, Arizona State University
| | | | - John E Bates
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University
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20
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Change and Predictability of Children’s Behavioral Adjustment in Tanzanian Pre-primary Schools. CHILD & YOUTH CARE FORUM 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10566-019-09500-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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21
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Suor JH, Sturge-Apple ML, Jones-Gordils HR. Parsing profiles of temperamental reactivity and differential routes to delay of gratification: A person-based approach. Dev Psychopathol 2019; 31:341-360. [PMID: 29493483 PMCID: PMC6119548 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579417001894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Informed by a developmental psychopathology perspective, the present study applied a person-based approach to examine whether associations between early sociocontextual experiences (e.g., socioeconomic factors and maternal discipline practices) and preschool-age children's delay of gratification vary across profiles of children's temperamental reactivity. In addition, the study examined the direct and mediating role of children's set shifting in associations with delay of gratification within each profile. The sample consisted of 160 socioeconomically and ethnically diverse mothers and their 5-year-old children drawn from a longitudinal study of mother-child relationships. Latent profile analyses identified three profiles of temperamental reactivity distinguished by sensitivity to reward and punishment and negative affectivity. Multigroup analysis revealed maternal sensitive discipline (observed during a parent-child compliance task) at age 3.5 predicted longer delay of gratification at age 5 in the punishment reactivity/negative affectivity group. Maternal inductive reasoning discipline at age 3.5 predicted longer delay in the low temperamental reactivity group. For children with the reward reactivity/negative affectivity profile, higher family income at age 3.5 predicted longer delay of gratification at age 5, which was mediated by children's set shifting. Findings underscore the utility of person-based approaches for delineating differential developmental routes toward children's delay of gratification.
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22
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Parade SH, Armstrong LM, Dickstein S, Seifer R. Family Context Moderates the Association of Maternal Postpartum Depression and Stability of Infant Temperament. Child Dev 2018; 89:2118-2135. [PMID: 28708238 PMCID: PMC5767534 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.12895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Maternal postpartum depression, maternal sensitivity, and family functioning were examined as predictors of the stability of observed infant temperament over the first 30 months of life (N = 147 families). Eight observations at 8, 15, and 30 months postpartum were used to assess infant temperament. Structured clinical interviews were used to assess maternal depression, and observational assessments were used to assess family functioning and maternal sensitivity. Family context moderated the effect of maternal depression on change in infant temperament. Maternal depression was associated with change in infant temperament when maternal sensitivity was low but not when maternal sensitivity was high. Family functioning similarly moderated these links. Results underscore the centrality of the family context in shaping child behavior over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie H. Parade
- E. P. Bradley Hospital and the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University
| | | | - Susan Dickstein
- E. P. Bradley Hospital and the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University
| | - Ronald Seifer
- E. P. Bradley Hospital and the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University
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23
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Zhou ZC, McAdam DB, Donnelly DR. Endophenotypes: A conceptual link between anorexia nervosa and autism spectrum disorder. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2018; 82:153-165. [PMID: 29239739 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The paper, by translating the concept and the two models of endophenotype (EP), strengthens the hypothesis that there exists a linkage between anorexia nervosa (AN) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Specifically, the paper synthesizes empirical research that supported the idea that individuals with AN and individuals with ASD share similarities with respect to their neurocognitive EPs and temperament EPs. The paper then introduces an innovative structure to emphasize the subtle difference between neurocognitive EPs and temperament EPs in relation to AN and ASD. This structure constitutes the categorization of the shared neurocognitive EPs to the liability-index model of EP and the shared temperament EPs to the mediational model of EP. The paper argues that the shared neurocognitive EPs under the liability index model of EP are trait markers signaling the effects of genes on the phenotypes of AN and ASD; whereas, the shared temperament EPs under the mediational model of EP are state markers describing the symptomatic status of AN and ASD. The proposition of the paper suggests clinicians and researchers should target the atypical state markers (i.e., temperament EPs) shared between AN and ASD when tailoring environment-based treatments for individuals with AN who exhibit autistic behaviors and individuals with ASD who display disordered eating behaviors or anorexic symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z C Zhou
- University of Rochester, Department of Counseling and Human Development, 500 Wilson Blvd, Rochester, NY 14627, USA.
| | - D B McAdam
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Strong Center for Developmental Disabilities, Department of Pediatrics, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - D R Donnelly
- University of Rochester, Department of Counseling and Human Development, 500 Wilson Blvd, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
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An experimental test of the fetal programming hypothesis: Can we reduce child ontogenetic vulnerability to psychopathology by decreasing maternal depression? Dev Psychopathol 2018; 30:787-806. [PMID: 30068416 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579418000470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Maternal depression is one of the most common prenatal complications, and prenatal maternal depression predicts many child psychopathologies. Here, we apply the fetal programming hypothesis as an organizational framework to address the possibility that fetal exposure to maternal depressive symptoms during pregnancy affects fetal development of vulnerabilities and risk mechanisms, which enhance risk for subsequent psychopathology. We consider four candidate pathways through which maternal prenatal depression may affect the propensity of offspring to develop later psychopathology across the life span: brain development, physiological stress regulation (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis), negative emotionality, and cognitive (effortful) control. The majority of past research has been correlational, so potential causal conclusions have been limited. We describe an ongoing experimental test of the fetal programming influence of prenatal maternal depressive symptoms using a randomized controlled trial design. In this randomized controlled trial, interpersonal psychotherapy is compared to enhanced usual care among distressed pregnant women to evaluate whether reducing prenatal maternal depressive symptoms has a salutary impact on child ontogenetic vulnerabilities and thereby reduces offspring's risk for emergence of later psychopathology.
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25
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Loosening the Reins or Tightening Them? Complex Relationships Between Parenting, Effortful Control, and Adolescent Psychopathology. CHILD & YOUTH CARE FORUM 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10566-018-9477-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Gartstein MA, Seamon E, Thompson SF, Lengua LJ. Parenting matters: Moderation of biological and community risk for obesity. JOURNAL OF APPLIED DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2018; 56:21-34. [PMID: 29910526 PMCID: PMC6001288 DOI: 10.1016/j.appdev.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Contributions of parental limit setting, negativity, scaffolding, warmth, and responsiveness to Body Mass Index (BMI) were examined. Parenting behaviors were observed in parent-child interactions, and child BMI was assessed at 5 years of age. Mothers provided demographic information and obtained child saliva samples used to derive cortisol concentration indicators (N = 250). Geospatial crime indices were computed based on publically available information for a subsample residing within the boundaries of a Pacific Northwest city (N = 114). Maternal warmth and limit setting moderated the association between child HPA-axis regulation and BMI. BMI was higher for children at lower cortisol concentrations with greater maternal warmth and lower for youngsters with mid-range cortisol values under high maternal limit setting. Maternal scaffolding moderated the effects of crime exposure, so that lower scaffolding translated into higher child BMI with greater neighborhood crime exposure. These parenting behaviors could be leveraged in obesity prevention/intervention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A. Gartstein
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, P.O. Box 644820, Pullman, WA 99164-4820, United States
| | - Erich Seamon
- Department of Forest, Rangeland, and Fire Science, University of Idaho, 975 W. 6th Street, Moscow, ID 83844-1142, United States
| | - Stephanie F. Thompson
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, 119A Guthrie Hall, Seattle, WA 98195-1525, United States
| | - Liliana J. Lengua
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, 119A Guthrie Hall, Seattle, WA 98195-1525, United States
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McQuillan ME, Kultur EC, Bates JE, O'Reilly LM, Dodge KA, Lansford JE, Pettit GS. Dysregulation in children: Origins and implications from age 5 to age 28. Dev Psychopathol 2018; 30:695-713. [PMID: 29151386 PMCID: PMC6460462 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579417001572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Research shows that childhood dysregulation is associated with later psychiatric disorders. It does not yet resolve discrepancies in the operationalization of dysregulation. It is also far from settled on the origins and implications of individual differences in dysregulation. This study tested several operational definitions of dysregulation using Achenbach attention, anxious/depressed, and aggression subscales. Individual growth curves of dysregulation were computed, and predictors of growth differences were considered. The study also compared the predictive utility of the dysregulation indexes to standard externalizing and internalizing indexes. Dysregulation was indexed annually for 24 years in a community sample (n = 585). Hierarchical linear models considered changes in dysregulation in relation to possible influences from parenting, family stress, child temperament, language, and peer relations. In a test of the meaning of dysregulation, it was related to functional and psychiatric outcomes in adulthood. Dysregulation predictions were further compared to those of the more standard internalizing and externalizing indexes. Growth curve analyses showed strong stability of dysregulation. Initial levels of dysregulation were predicted by temperamental resistance to control, and change in dysregulation was predicted by poor language ability and peer relations. Dysregulation and externalizing problems were associated with negative adult outcomes to a similar extent.
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28
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Mapping the Growth of Heterogeneous Forms of Externalizing Problem Behavior Between Early Childhood and Adolescence:A Comparison of Parent and Teacher Ratings. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2018; 46:935-950. [PMID: 29488107 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-018-0407-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
We compared long-term growth patterns in teachers' and mothers' ratings of Overt Aggression, Covert Aggression, Oppositional Defiance, Impulsivity/inattention, and Emotion Dysregulation across developmental periods spanning kindergarten through grade 8 (ages 5 to 13 years). We also determined whether salient background characteristics and measures of child temperament and parenting risk differentially predicted growth in discrete categories of child externalizing symptoms across development. Participants were 549 kindergarten-age children (51% male; 83% European American; 17% African American) whose problem behaviors were rated by teachers and parents each successive year of development through 8th grade. Latent growth curve analyses were performed for each component scale, contrasting with an overall index of externalizing, in a piecewise fashion encompassing two periods of development: K-1and grades 1-8. Our findings showed that there were meaningful differences and similarities between informants in their levels of concern about specific forms of externalizing problems, patterns of change in problem behavior reports across development, and in the extent to which their ratings of specific problems were associated with distal and proximal covariates. Thus, these data provided novel information about issues that have received scant empirical attention and have important implications for understanding the development and prevention of children's long-term externalizing problems.
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van Prooijen DL, Hutteman R, Mulder H, van Aken MA, Laceulle OM. Self-control, parenting, and problem behavior in early childhood: A multi-method, multi-informant study. Infant Behav Dev 2018; 50:28-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ong MY, Eilander J, Saw SM, Xie Y, Meaney MJ, Broekman BFP. The influence of perceived parenting styles on socio-emotional development from pre-puberty into puberty. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2018; 27. [PMID: 28631023 PMCID: PMC5799331 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-017-1016-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The relative impact of parenting on socio-emotional development of children has rarely been examined in a longitudinal context. This study examined the association between perceived parenting styles and socio-emotional functioning from childhood to adolescence. We hypothesized that optimal parenting associated with improvement in socio-emotional functioning from childhood into early adulthood, especially for those with more behavioral problems in childhood. Children between ages 7 and 9 years were recruited for the Singapore Cohort Study of Risk Factors for Myopia (SCORM). Nine years later, 700 out of 1052 subjects were followed up (67%). During childhood, parents completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), while young adults completed the Youth Self-Report (YSR) and Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI). Perceived optimal parental care resulted in less internalizing and externalizing problems in early adulthood in comparison to non-optimal parental care styles. Perceived optimal paternal parenting, but not maternal parenting, in interaction with childhood externalizing problems predicted externalizing symptoms in early adulthood. No significant interactions were found between perceived parenting styles and internalizing problems. In conclusion, perceived parental care associates with the quality of socio-emotional development, while optimal parenting by the father is especially important for children with more externalizing problems in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yee Ong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Janna Eilander
- Department of Child and Family Studies, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Seang Mei Saw
- Department of Psychiatry, VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yuhuan Xie
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON Canada
| | - Michael J. Meaney
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore ,Sackler Program for Epigenetics and Psychobiology, Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Birit F. P. Broekman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore ,Department of Psychiatry, VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ,Brenner Centre for Molecular Medicine, 30 Medical Drive, 117609 Singapore, Singapore
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Abstract
Children with Down syndrome (DS) and fragile X syndrome (FXS) struggle with language development. Parenting variables, such as responsiveness to children's communication attempts (Maternal Responsivity), and techniques used to support and teach appropriate behavior (Behavior Management) are known to have a significant impact on early child development. We examined these two aspects of parenting style via coded, videotaped parent-child interactions in two groups of participants matched on child age (2-5 years) and child expressive language level: mothers of children with DS and mothers of children with FXS. The mothers differed in their use of gestures and redirecting the child's attention. Overall, mothers in both groups of children appeared to adapt appropriately to their children's developmental needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audra Sterling
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Goodnight Hall, 1975 Willow Drive, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Steven F. Warren
- University of Kansas, 212 Youngberg Hall, 2385 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, KS 66045,
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Dollar JM, Perry NB, Calkins SD, Keane SP, Shanahan L. Temperamental Anger and Positive Reactivity and the Development of Social Skills: Implications for Academic Competence during Preadolescence. EARLY EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT 2017; 29:747-761. [PMID: 30740007 PMCID: PMC6368260 DOI: 10.1080/10409289.2017.1409606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
RESEARCH FINDINGS This study examines whether the development of social skills during childhood serves as a mechanism through which temperamental anger and positive reactivity in toddlerhood influences children's academic competence during preadolescence (N = 406). Temperamental anger at age 2 was negatively associated with children's social skills at age 7; in turn, children's social skills at age 7 were negatively associated with teacher report of academic competence and child and teacher report of school problems at age 10. All three indirect effects were significant suggesting that children's social skills at age 7 is one mechanism through which temperamental anger at age 2 is associated with age 10 child- and teacher-reported school problems. Temperamental positive reactivity was not associated with children's social skills or academic competence. PRACTICE OR POLICY Results provide support for early entry points to teach toddlers, especially those high in anger reactivity, the skills to engage in socially appropriate interactions with classmates and teachers, which may lessen subsequent academic challenges.
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Wuyts D, Vansteenkiste M, Mabbe E, Soenens B. Effects of social pressure and child failure on parents’ use of control: An experimental investigation. CONTEMPORARY EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cedpsych.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Rabinowitz JA, Drabick DA. Do children fare for better and for worse? Associations among child features and parenting with child competence and symptoms. DEVELOPMENTAL REVIEW 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dr.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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REFERENCES. Monogr Soc Res Child Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/mono.12318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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36
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Crockett LJ, Wasserman AM, Rudasill KM, Hoffman L, Kalutskaya I. Temperamental Anger and Effortful Control, Teacher-Child Conflict, and Externalizing Behavior Across the Elementary School Years. Child Dev 2017; 89:2176-2195. [PMID: 28766703 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.12910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study examined teacher-child conflict as a possible mediator of the effects of temperamental anger and effortful control on subsequent externalizing behavior. Reciprocal influences between teacher-child conflict and externalizing behavior were also examined. Participants were 1,152 children (49% female; 81.6% non-Hispanic White) from the Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development. Multivariate growth curve modeling revealed that greater effortful control at age 54 months indirectly predicted lower levels of, and subsequent changes in, externalizing behavior from kindergarten to Grade 6 through reduced teacher-child conflict. An alternative model, in which greater effortful control predicted lower teacher-child conflict through lower externalizing behavior, received less support. Within persons, greater-than-expected teacher-child conflict predicted greater-than-expected teacher-reported externalizing behavior concurrently and over time.
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37
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Chen X, Chen H, Wang L, Liu M. Noncompliance and child-rearing attitudes as predictors of aggressive behaviour: A longitudinal study in Chinese children. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/01650250143000012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to examine contributions of early personal and socialisation factors to the prediction of aggressive behaviour in Chinese children. A sample of children, initially at 2 years of age, and their parents in the People's Republic of China participated in this two-year longitudinal study. Observational data were collected on children's noncompliance in mother-child interactions at Time 1 and aggressive behaviour in peer interactions at Time 2. In addition, information concerning child-rearing attitudes were obtained from parental reports. The results indicated that boys had higher scores than girls on physical and verbal aggression at 4 years of age. Early noncompliance significantly and positively predicted aggressive behaviour. Parental child-rearing attitudes had unique, but generally weak, contributions to the prediction of aggression. Finally, the relations between child-rearing variables and child aggression might be different for boys and girls.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Huichang Chen
- Beijing Normal University, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- Peking University, People's Republic of China
| | - Mowei Liu
- University of Western Ontario, Canada
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38
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Rabinowitz JA, Osigwe I, Drabick DAG, Reynolds MD. Negative emotional reactivity moderates the relations between family cohesion and internalizing and externalizing symptoms in adolescence. J Adolesc 2016; 53:116-126. [PMID: 27718379 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Lower family cohesion is associated with adolescent internalizing and externalizing problems. However, there are likely individual differences in youth's responses to family processes. For example, adolescents higher in negative emotional reactivity, who often exhibit elevated physiological responsivity to context, may be differentially affected by family cohesion. We explored whether youth's negative emotional reactivity moderated the relation between family cohesion and youth's symptoms and tested whether findings were consistent with the diathesis-stress model or differential susceptibility hypothesis. Participants were 651 adolescents (M = 12.99 ± .95 years old; 72% male) assessed at two time points (Time 1, ages 12-14; Time 2, age 16) in Pittsburgh, PA. At Time 1, mothers reported on family cohesion and youth reported on their negative emotional reactivity. At Time 2, youth reported on their symptoms. Among youth higher in negative emotional reactivity, lower family cohesion predicted higher symptoms than higher family cohesion, consistent with the diathesis-stress model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill A Rabinowitz
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, United States.
| | - Ijeoma Osigwe
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, United States
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Abstract
This study considers the developmental origins of alcohol use in young adulthood. Despite substantial evidence linking committed romantic relationships to less problematic alcohol use in adulthood, the uniformity of these protective benefits across different romantic relationships is unclear. Further, the extent to which the establishment and maintenance of these romantic relationships is preceded by earlier adolescence alcohol use remains unknown. To address these gaps in the literature, the current study utilized multitiple-dimensional, multiple-informant data spanning 20 years on 585 individuals in the Child Development Project. Findings from both variable- and person-centered analyses support a progression of associations predicting adolescent alcohol use (ages 15-16), drinking, and romantic relationships in early adulthood (ages 18-25), and then problematic young adult alcohol use (age 27). Although adolescent alcohol use predicted greater romantic involvement and turnover in early adulthood, romantic involvement, but not turnover, appeared to reduce the likelihood of later problematic drinking. These findings remained robust even after accounting for a wide array of selection and socialization factors. Moreover, characteristics of the individuals (e.g., gender) and of their romantic relationships (e.g., partner substance use problems and romantic relationship satisfaction) did not moderate these findings. Findings underscore the importance of using a developmental-relational perspective to consider the antecedents and consequences of alcohol use early in the life span.
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Klein MR, Lengua LJ, Thompson SF, Moran L, Ruberry EJ, Kiff C, Zalewski M. Bidirectional Relations Between Temperament and Parenting Predicting Preschool-Age Children's Adjustment. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY 2016; 47:S113-S126. [PMID: 27399174 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2016.1169537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Bidirectional associations between child temperament (fear, frustration, positive affect, effortful control) and parenting behaviors (warmth, negativity, limit setting, scaffolding, responsiveness) were examined as predictors of preschool-age children's adjustment problems and social competence. Participants were a community sample of children (N = 306; 50% female, 64% European American) and their mothers. Observational measures of child temperament and parenting were obtained using laboratory tasks at two time points (children's ages 36 and 54 months). Teacher-reported adjustment measures were collected at the first and third time points (children's ages 36 and 63 months). Cross-lagged analyses were performed to examine whether child temperament and parenting predict changes in one another, whether they each contribute independently to children's adjustment, and whether these transactional relations account for adjustment outcomes. Maternal negativity at 36 months predicted increases in child frustration at 54 months. Maternal negativity and child effortful control predicted decreases in each other from 36 to 54 months. Maternal warmth predicted increases in child effortful control over time. Child frustration, child effortful control, maternal warmth, and maternal negativity at 54 months each independently predicted child adjustment problems at 63 months, controlling for problems at 36 months. Child executive control at 54 months predicted increases in child social competence at 63 months. The findings suggest that temperament and parenting have independent and additive effects on preschool-age child adjustment, with some support for a bidirectional relation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lyndsey Moran
- a Department of Psychology, University of Washington
| | | | - Cara Kiff
- b Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, UCLA
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41
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Schaffer HR. The early experience assumption: Past, present, and future. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/016502500383412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The assumption that “early experience is important” has attracted a considerable amount of research over the last half century. As a result, both our thinking about the role of early experience in personality development and the nature of that research have changed drastically. It has become apparent that there is no direct relationship between age and the impact which experience has on the individual, that young children are not necessarily more vulnerable even to quite severe adversities than older children, and that considerable variability exists in long-term outcome. Research has therefore had to take an evermore complex form, moving away from a mechanical association of early experience with outcome assessments to a much more dynamically oriented approach, in which account is also taken of inherent characteristics of the individual, the social context both before and after the experience, and the various turning points that the individual negotiates in traversing the developmental path to maturity. Prospective longitudinal studies are therefore essential to our understanding of the link between early experience and later adjustment, and these studies need to include not only accounts of the external experiences encountered but also assessments of the individual’s internal representations resulting from the encounters. It has also become apparent that some behaviour systems are more vulnerable than others and that a more thoughtful use of outcome measures is therefore necessary. Although the belief in the irreversibility of early experience as inevitable has been abandoned, the parameters defining the limits of reversibility have yet to be determined.
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Veenstra R, Lindenberg S, Oldehinkel AJ, De Winter AF, Ormel J. Temperament, environment, and antisocial behavior in a population sample of preadolescent boys and girls. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0165025406071490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Antisocial behavior can be triggered by negative social experiences and individuals' processing of these experiences. This study focuses on risk-buffering interactions between temperament, perceived parenting, socio-economic status (SES), and sex in relation to antisocial behavior in a Dutch population sample of preadolescents ( N = 2230). Perceived parenting (overprotection, rejection, emotional warmth) was assessed by the EMBU (a Swedish acronym for My Memories of Upbringing) for children, temperament (effortful control and frustration) by the parent version of the Early Adolescent Temperament Questionnaire-Revised, SES by information on parental education, occupation, and income, and antisocial behavior by the Child Behavior Checklist (parent report) and the Youth Self-Report (child report). All parenting and temperament factors were significantly associated with antisocial behavior.The strongest risk-buffering interactions were found for SES which was only related to antisocial behavior among children with a low level of effortful control or a high level of frustration. Furthermore, the associations of SES with antisocial behavior were more negative for boys than for girls. Thus, the effects of SES depend on both the temperament and sex of the child.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Johan Ormel
- University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands
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43
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Yazdkhasti F, Harizuka S. The Effects of Temperament and Perceived Maternal Rejection on Childhood Anxiety and Behaviour Problems. SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY INTERNATIONAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0143034306062817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In order to examine the effects of children's temperament and its interaction with children's perceptions of their mother's acceptance and rejection in relation to self-reported anxiety and teacher-reported school behaviour problems, 160 children, aged 8 to 11 years, were evaluated by teachers, mothers and themselves. Findings showed that children's perceptions of rejection are a greater predictor of anxiety and are also related to more emotional/behavioural control problems among high than low activity arousal children regardless of whether or not children perceive their mothers as rejective. Attentional intensity is also a part of this picture; the combination of high activity arousal and low attentional intensivity related to greater anxiety and was also related to more interpersonal relationship problems among children regardless of whether or not children perceive their mothers as rejective. Further, rejection was linked to greater interpersonal relationship problems among low emotionality arousal than high emotionality arousal children. In contrast, in predicting interpersonal relationships, high emotional arousal was found to be related to more problems than was low emotional arousal when children's perception of mothers was acceptive.
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44
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Is harsh caregiving effective in toddlers with low inhibitory control? An experimental study in the food domain. Infant Behav Dev 2016; 43:5-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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45
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Chong SY, Chittleborough CR, Gregory T, Mittinty MN, Lynch JW, Smithers LG. Parenting Practices at 24 to 47 Months and IQ at Age 8: Effect-Measure Modification by Infant Temperament. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152452. [PMID: 27027637 PMCID: PMC4814065 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive development might be influenced by parenting practices and child temperament. We examined whether the associations between parental warmth, control and intelligence quotient (IQ) may be heightened among children in difficult temperament. Participants were from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (n = 7,044). Temperament at 6 months was measured using the Revised Infant Temperament Questionnaire and classified into 'easy' and 'difficult'. Parental warmth and control was measured at 24 to 47 months and both were classified into 2 groups using latent class analyses. IQ was measured at 8 years using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children and dichotomized (<85 and ≥85) for analyzing effect-measure modification by temperament. Linear regression adjusted for multiple confounders and temperament showed lower parental warmth was weakly associated with lower IQ score [β = -0.52 (95% CI 1.26, 0.21)], and higher parental control was associated with lower IQ score [β = -2.21 (-2.95, -1.48)]. Stratification by temperament showed no increased risk of having low IQ in temperamentally difficult children [risk ratio (RR) = 0.97 95% CI 0.65, 1.45)] but an increased risk among temperamentally easy children (RR = 1.12 95% CI 0.95, 1.32) when parental warmth was low. There was also no increased risk of having low IQ in temperamentally difficult children (RR = 1.02 95% CI 0.69, 1.53) but there was an increased risk among temperamentally easy children (RR = 1.30 95% CI 1.11, 1.53) when parental control was high. For both parental warmth and control, there was some evidence of negative effect-measure modification by temperament on the risk-difference scale and the risk-ratio scale. It may be more appropriate to provide parenting interventions as a universal program rather than targeting children with difficult temperament.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiau Yun Chong
- School of Population Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Tess Gregory
- School of Population Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Murthy N. Mittinty
- School of Population Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - John W. Lynch
- School of Population Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa G. Smithers
- School of Population Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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Rabinowitz JA, Drabick DAG, Reynolds MD, Clark DB, Olino TM. Child Temperamental Flexibility Moderates the Relation between Positive Parenting and Adolescent Adjustment. JOURNAL OF APPLIED DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2016; 43:43-53. [PMID: 26834305 PMCID: PMC4731872 DOI: 10.1016/j.appdev.2015.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Temperamental flexibility and lower positive parenting are associated with internalizing and externalizing problems; however, youth varying in flexibility may be differentially affected by positive parenting in the prediction of symptoms. We examined whether children's flexibility moderated prospective relations between maternal and paternal positive parenting and youth internalizing and externalizing symptoms during adolescence. Participants (N =775, 71% male) and their caregivers completed measures when youth were 10-12 and 12-14 years old. Father positive parenting interacted with child flexibility to predict father-reported internalizing and externalizing problems. Consistent with the diathesis-stress model, children lower in flexibility experienced greater symptoms than children higher in flexibility in lower positive parenting contexts. Among children lower in flexibility, lower paternal positive parenting was associated with greater internalizing and externalizing symptoms compared to higher paternal positive parenting. However, among youth higher in flexibility, symptom levels were similar regardless of whether youth experienced lower or higher paternal positive parenting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Duncan B Clark
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh
| | - Thomas M Olino
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia
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Glanemann R, Reichmuth K, am Zehnhoff-Dinnesen A. [Muenster Parental Programme--Feedback from Parents: How do parents evaluate an early intervention programme for improving the communication with their baby or toddler with hearing impairment?]. HNO 2015; 64:101-10. [PMID: 26676519 DOI: 10.1007/s00106-015-0096-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the implementation of the UNHS, early educational services' existing concepts of early intervention have to be adapted to the situation and needs of families with a preverbal child who is deaf or hard of hearing. The Muenster Parental Programme (MPP), a module in early family-centered intervention, fulfils this requirement. OBJECTIVE We report feedback from participating parents regarding processes and outcomes of the MPP. The self-developed questionnaire was checked for its suitability as feedback instrument for measuring parental satisfaction with the MPP. METHOD 29 parents who participated in the MPP assessed the programme by using the standardised FBB and the self-developed questionnaire FB-MEP, which is specific to the MPP. RESULTS Using the FBB, 96% of parents judged the MPP to be good or very good. With the FB-MEP, parents rated setting, contents and didactics as highly as they did using the FBB (r = 0.7, p < 0.01). In particular, parents judged both the contact and exchange with other affected parents, and the specific individual support for communicating with their child (including video feedback) as especially helpful. CONCLUSIONS The results reflect parents' high level of satisfaction with the setting, content, didactics and individual benefit gained by their child and themselves from the MPP. The parents are aware of the efficacy of the MPP, which was shown in the controlled intervention study. The self-developed questionnaire FB-MEP was shown to be a suitable instrument for quality assurance measurements of the MPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Glanemann
- Klinik für Phoniatrie und Pädaudiologie Universitätsklinikum Münster, Kardinal-von-Galen-Ring 10, 48149, Münster, Deutschland.
| | - K Reichmuth
- Klinik für Phoniatrie und Pädaudiologie Universitätsklinikum Münster, Kardinal-von-Galen-Ring 10, 48149, Münster, Deutschland
| | - A am Zehnhoff-Dinnesen
- Klinik für Phoniatrie und Pädaudiologie Universitätsklinikum Münster, Kardinal-von-Galen-Ring 10, 48149, Münster, Deutschland
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48
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Steinberg EA, Drabick DAG. A Developmental Psychopathology Perspective on ADHD and Comorbid Conditions: The Role of Emotion Regulation. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2015; 46:951-66. [PMID: 25662998 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-015-0534-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Research investigating attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and co-occurring disorders such as oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, anxiety, and depression has surged in popularity; however, the developmental relations between ADHD and these comorbid conditions remain poorly understood. The current paper uses a developmental psychopathology perspective to examine conditions commonly comorbid with ADHD during late childhood through adolescence. First, we present evidence for ADHD and comorbid disorders. Next, we discuss emotion regulation and its associations with ADHD. The role of parenting behaviors in the development and maintenance of emotion regulation difficulties and comorbid disorders among children with ADHD is explored. An illustrative example of emotion regulation and parenting over the course of development is provided to demonstrate bidirectional relations among these constructs. We then present an integrated conceptual model of emotion regulation as a shared risk process that may lead to different comorbid conditions among children with ADHD. Implications and directions for future research are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Steinberg
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701 North 13th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA.
| | - Deborah A G Drabick
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701 North 13th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
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Interacting effects of maternal responsiveness, infant regulatory problems and dopamine D4 receptor gene in the development of dysregulation during childhood: A longitudinal analysis. J Psychiatr Res 2015; 70:83-90. [PMID: 26424426 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Recent longitudinal studies have indicated that affective and behavioral dysregulation in childhood is associated with an increased risk for various negative outcomes in later life. However, few studies to date have examined early mechanisms preceding dysregulation during early childhood. Aim of this study was to elucidate early mechanisms relating to dysregulation in later life using data from an epidemiological cohort study on the long-term outcome of early risk factors from birth to adulthood. At age 3 months, mothers and infants were videotaped during a nursing and playing situation. Maternal responsiveness was evaluated by trained raters. Infant regulatory problems were assessed on the basis of a parent interview and direct observation by trained raters. At age 8 and 11 years, 290 children (139 males) were rated on the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Additionally, participants were genotyped for the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) exon 3 VNTR polymorphism. A significant three-way interaction between maternal responsiveness, DRD4 genotype and infant regulatory problems was detected predicting the CBCL-dysregulation profile (CBCL-DP). Carriers of the DRD4 7r allele with regulatory problems at age 3 months showed significantly more behavior problems associated with the CBCL-DP during childhood when exposed to less maternal responsiveness. In contrast, no effect of maternal responsiveness was observed in DRD4 7r carriers without infant regulatory problems and in non-carriers of the DRD4 7r allele. This prospective longitudinal study extends earlier findings regarding the association of the CBCL-DP with early parenting and later psychopathology, introducing both DRD4 genotype and infant regulatory problems as important moderators.
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Genetic and Environmental Contributions to Behavioral Stability and Change in Children 6-36 months of Age Using Louisville Twin Study Data. Behav Genet 2015; 45:610-21. [PMID: 26477572 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-015-9759-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The Infant Behavior Record (IBR) from the Bayley Scales of Infant Development has been used to study behavioral development since the 1960s. Matheny (1983) examined behavioral development at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months from the Louisville Twin Study (LTS). The extracted temperament scales included Task Orientation, Affect-Extraversion, and Activity. He concluded that monozygotic twins were more similar than same-sex dizygotic twins on these dimensions. Since this seminal work was published, a larger LTS sample and more advanced analytical methods are available. In the current analyses, Choleksy decomposition was applied to behavioral data (n = 1231) from twins 6-36 months. Different patterns of genetic continuity vs genetic innovations were identified for each IBR scale. Single common genetic and shared environmental factors explained cross-age twin similarity in the Activity scale. Multiple shared environmental factors and a single genetic factor coming on line at age 18 months contributed to Affect-Extraversion. A single shared environmental factor and multiple genetic factors explained cross-age twin similarity in Task Orientation.
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