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Rosas CE, Pirzada A, Durazo-Arvizu R, Gallo LC, Talavera GA, Elfassy T, Cai J, Llabre MM, Perreira KM, Wassertheil-Smoller S, Daviglus ML, Sanchez-Johnsen LAP. Associations of Anxiety Symptoms With 6-Year Blood Pressure Changes and Incident Hypertension: Results From the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. Ann Behav Med 2024:kaae026. [PMID: 38810223 DOI: 10.1093/abm/kaae026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the high burden of anxiety and hypertension in Hispanic/Latino adults, little is known about their association in this population. PURPOSE To examine the associations of anxiety symptoms with 6-year changes in blood pressure (BP) and incident hypertension in Hispanic/Latino adults. METHODS We examined data from a probability sample of 10,881 Hispanic/Latino persons aged 18-74 who attended visits 1 (V1; 2008-2011) and 2 (V2; 2014-2017) of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), a prospective cohort study. Anxiety symptoms were assessed at V1 using the 10-item Spielberger Trait Anxiety Scale (M = 17.1; Range = 10-40) and dichotomized using a cut-point of 20, the highest quartile in this cohort. BP was measured at both visits using a standardized protocol. RESULTS Adults with elevated anxiety symptoms had a 1.02 mm Hg greater increase in systolic (p = .02) and a 0.75 mm Hg greater increase in diastolic BP (p = .02) over 6.1 years than those with lower symptoms, after adjusting for sociodemographic and clinical covariates. These associations differed by sex. Elevated anxiety was associated with a greater increase in systolic and diastolic BP in men only. Among persons without hypertension at V1 (N = 7,412), those with elevated anxiety symptoms at V1 had a 22% higher incidence of hypertension (p = .02) 6.1 years later. CONCLUSIONS Our findings underscore the importance of screening for and treating elevated anxiety symptoms to help prevent hypertension. Further research on the role of sex and underlying mechanisms is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos E Rosas
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- South Bay Latino Research Center, San Diego State University, Chula Vista, California, USA
- Institute for Health and Equity, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Amber Pirzada
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ramon Durazo-Arvizu
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles - University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Linda C Gallo
- South Bay Latino Research Center, San Diego State University, Chula Vista, California, USA
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Gregory A Talavera
- South Bay Latino Research Center, San Diego State University, Chula Vista, California, USA
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Tali Elfassy
- Department of Medicine, Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Jianwen Cai
- Department of Biostatistics, Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Maria M Llabre
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA
| | - Krista M Perreira
- Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sylvia Wassertheil-Smoller
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Martha L Daviglus
- South Bay Latino Research Center, San Diego State University, Chula Vista, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lisa A P Sanchez-Johnsen
- Institute for Health and Equity, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Szwedo DE, Davis AA, Fowler C, Mikami AY, Allen JP. Social Media Posts from Friends during Late Adolescence as Predictors of Young Adult Physical Health. J Youth Adolesc 2024; 53:784-798. [PMID: 38285161 PMCID: PMC10879299 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-024-01945-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Although an increasing body of literature has linked social experiences to physical health, research has yet to consider how specific aspects of social experiences taking place on social media during late adolescence may predict future physical health outcomes. This study thus examined qualities of social media posts received from peers at age 21 as predictors of participants' physical health (e.g., Interleukin-6 (inflammation), sleep problems, problems with physical functioning, and BMI) at age 28. Participants included 138 youth (59 men and 79 women); 57% of participants identified as White, 30% as Black/African American, and 13% as from other or mixed racial/ethnic groups. Posts from friends and participants at age 21 characterized by social ties predicted lower levels of future physical health problems, whereas socially inappropriate "faux pas" posts that deviated from peer norms by friends predicted higher levels of physical health problems at age 28. These associations were found after accounting for factors typically associated with physical health outcomes, including participants' baseline social competence, internalizing and externalizing symptoms, alcohol use, observed physical attractiveness, and history of prior hospitalizations. The results of this study suggest the importance of both achieving social integration with peers online and adhering to peer norms in the online domain as key predictors of future physical health.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Szwedo
- Department of Graduate Psychology, James Madison University, 70 Alumnae Dr./MSC 7401, Harrisonburg, VA, 22807, USA.
| | - Alida A Davis
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, P.O Box 400400, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA
| | - Caroline Fowler
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, P.O Box 400400, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA
| | - Amori Yee Mikami
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, 2136 West Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Joseph P Allen
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, P.O Box 400400, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA
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Malcarne VL, Merz EL, Gonzalez P, Isasi CR, Navas-Nacher EL, Perreira KM, Castañeda SF, Penedo FJ, Gallo LC. The Scale of Ethnic Experience long and short forms in Spanish and English: Psychometric findings from the HCHS/SOL Sociocultural Ancillary Study. CULTURAL DIVERSITY & ETHNIC MINORITY PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 28:503-512. [PMID: 35025545 PMCID: PMC9869708 DOI: 10.1037/cdp0000508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the psychometric properties and cross-group equivalence of scores from Spanish and English long and short forms of the Scale of Ethnic Experience (SEE; Malcarne et al., 2006) in a multisite representative cohort from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) Sociocultural Ancillary Study. METHOD Hispanic/Latino adults (N = 5,313) completed a battery of measures, including the original 32-item SEE, in their preferred language of Spanish or English. A 12-item version of the SEE, comprised of three items representing each of the four original subscales, was created and evaluated for invariance across language and self-identified heritage (Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Central American, Dominican, and South American). Internal consistency reliability and convergent/discriminant validity of the subscales were also evaluated. RESULTS Results of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) did not support the four-subscale structure of the original 32-item SEE (Ethnic Identity, Perceived Discrimination, Social Affiliation, and Mainstream Comfort). Multigroup CFA supported the structural invariance of the SEE-Short Form across language and heritage groups. Patterns for convergent and discriminant validity were generally within expected effect sizes and directions, and consistent across language and heritage. CONCLUSIONS Psychometric findings support the utility of the newly developed 12-item short form of the SEE for measuring multiple dimensions of ethnic experience in Hispanic/Latino adults in the United States. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erin L. Merz
- Department of Psychology, California State University Dominguez Hills
| | | | - Carmen R. Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine
| | | | - Krista M. Perreira
- Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Linda C. Gallo
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
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Ortega P, Avila S, Park YS. Patient-Reported Quality of Communication Skills in the Clinical Workplace for Clinicians Learning Medical Spanish. Cureus 2022; 14:e22222. [PMID: 35340494 PMCID: PMC8930460 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.22222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Kaholokula JK, Look M, Mabellos T, Ahn HJ, Choi SY, Sinclair KA, Wills TA, Seto TB, de Silva M. A Cultural Dance Program Improves Hypertension Control and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Native Hawaiians: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Ann Behav Med 2021; 55:1006-1018. [PMID: 33677520 PMCID: PMC8489304 DOI: 10.1093/abm/kaaa127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Native Hawaiians have higher hypertension (HTN) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) rates than non-Hispanic whites, calling for culturally responsive interventions to close this gap. PURPOSE We tested the effects of a 6-month behavioral intervention, a cultural dance program based on hula (the customary dance of Hawai'i), for improving blood pressure (BP) and CVD risk among Native Hawaiians with uncontrolled HTN. METHODS In a randomized controlled trial, we tested the effects of the hula-based intervention among 263 Native Hawaiians with uncontrolled HTN (systolic ≥ 140 or ≥ 130 mmHg if diabetes) and no CVD at enrollment. All participants received a brief culturally tailored heart health education before random assignment to the hula-based intervention (n = 131) or the education-only waitlist control (n = 132). Intervention received hula lessons and group-based activities for 6 months. Control received only 1-week education through 6 months. RESULTS Intervention yielded greater reductions in systolic (-15.3 mmHg) and diastolic (-6.4 mmHg) BP than control (-11.8 and -2.6 mmHg, respectively) from baseline to 6 months (p < .05). At 6 months, 43% of intervention participants compared to 21% of controls achieved a HTN stage <130/80 mmHg (p < .001). The 10-year CVD risk reduction was two times greater for the intervention group than the control group based on the Framingham Risk Score calculator. All improvements for intervention participants were maintained at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS This trial represents one of the few rigorously conducted examinations of an Indigenous practice leveraged for health promotion, with implications for other ethnic populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mele Look
- Department of Native Hawaiian Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI
- Hālau Mōhala 'Ilima, Ka'ōhao, HI
| | - Tricia Mabellos
- Department of Native Hawaiian Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI
| | - Hyeong Jun Ahn
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI
| | - So Yung Choi
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI
| | - Ka'imi A Sinclair
- Institute for Research and Education to Advance Community Health (IREACH), Washington State University, Seattle, WA
| | - Thomas A Wills
- Department of Native Hawaiian Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI
- Cancer Prevention in the Pacific Program, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI
| | - Todd B Seto
- Department of Native Hawaiian Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI
- The Queen’s Medical Center, The Queen’s Health Systems, Honolulu, HI
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Laniado N, Sanders AE, Fazzari MJ, Badner VM, Singer RH, Finlayson TL, Hua S, Isasi CR. Social support and dental caries experience: Findings from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos Sociocultural Ancillary Study. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2021; 49:494-502. [PMID: 33638557 PMCID: PMC8390586 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association of social support with dental caries experience in Hispanics/Latinos living in the United States (US) and to assess whether the relationship is modified by nativity status. METHODS This cross-sectional study analysed data for 4459 dentate men and women aged 18-74 years in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) Sociocultural Ancillary Study. At baseline (2008-2011), dentists quantified dental caries experience as the number of decayed, missing, and filled permanent tooth surfaces (DMFS) for all teeth excluding third molars. Social support was assessed according to measures of structural support (Social Network Index) and functional support (Interpersonal Support Evaluation List). Covariate-adjusted multiple linear regression estimated the relationship between social support and dental caries experience and tested whether the association was modified by nativity status (born within the 50 US states, foreign-born <10 years in the United States, foreign-born >10 years or more in the United States). RESULTS In covariate-adjusted models, each additional role in the social network was associated with 1.39 fewer DMF tooth surfaces (95% CI: -2.21, -0.58) among foreign-born Hispanics/Latinos with fewer than 10 years lived in the US. For foreign-born Hispanics/Latinos with 10 years or more in the United States, each additional social network role was associated with 0.57 fewer DMF tooth surfaces (95% CI: -1.19, 0.04). No association was observed between functional social support and dental caries experience regardless of nativity status. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that structural social support is protective against dental caries experience among recent immigrants of Hispanic/Latino background. This association may reflect the importance of social support to integration into the medical and dental infrastructure and thus receipt of dental care. Future research that examines the behavioural and cultural factors that moderate the relationship between social support and dental caries experience will inform development of culturally sensitive dental caries prevention programs for Hispanics/Latinos in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Laniado
- Department of Dentistry, Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY
| | - Anne E. Sanders
- Division of Pediatric and Public Health, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill NC
| | - Melissa J. Fazzari
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Victor M. Badner
- Department of Dentistry, Jacobi Medical Center/North Central Bronx Hospital, Bronx NY
| | - Richard H. Singer
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL
| | - Tracy L. Finlayson
- Division of Health Management and Policy, School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA
| | - Simin Hua
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Carmen R. Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
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Poteat T, Gallo LC, Harkness A, Isasi CR, Matthews P, Schneiderman N, Thyagarajan B, Daviglus ML, Sotres-Alvarez D, Perreira KM. Influence of Stress, Gender, and Minority Status on Cardiovascular Disease Risk in the Hispanic/Latino Community: Protocol for a Longitudinal Observational Cohort Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2021; 10:e28997. [PMID: 33955843 PMCID: PMC8138714 DOI: 10.2196/28997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hispanic/Latino sexual and gender minorities (SGM) are the fastest growing ethnic group of SGM in the United States. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among Hispanics/Latinos. SGM inequities in CVD risk have been identified as early as young adulthood, and minority stress has been identified as a potential mediator. Yet, the small number of ethnic or racial minority participants in SGM studies have precluded the examination of the intersections of sexual orientation, gender identity, and race and ethnicity. OBJECTIVE Minority stress models conceptualize relationships between stressors in minority groups and health outcomes. In this study, we will (1) examine the influence of sexual orientation and gender identity on CVD risk among all Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) participants at visit 3 (2021-2024; N~9300); (2) model pathways from sexual orientation and gender identity to CVD risk through stigma, discrimination, and stress in a 1:2 matched subcohort of SGM and non-SGM participants at visit 3 (n~1680); and (3) examine the influence of resilience factors on sexual orientation or gender identity and CVD risk relationships among subcohort participants at visit 3 (n~1680). METHODS This study will leverage existing data from the parent HCHS/SOL study (collected since 2008) while collecting new data on sexual orientation, gender identity, stigma, discrimination, stress, coping, social support, and CVD risk. Data analysis will follow the SGM minority stress model, which states that excess stigma against SGM populations leads to minority stress that increases CVD risk. In this model, coping and social support serve as resilience factors that can mitigate the impact of minority stress on CVD risk. Cross-sectional and longitudinal regression models as well as structural equation models will be used to test these relationships. RESULTS This study was funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute in March 2020. Recruitment is scheduled to begin in the first quarter of 2021 and continue through 2024. CONCLUSIONS Understanding the influence of stigma-induced stress on CVD risk among Hispanic/Latino SGM has significant implications for the development of culturally specific CVD risk reduction strategies. Study findings will be used to build on identified Hispanic/Latino cultural strengths to inform adaptation and testing of family and community acceptance interventions. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/28997.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonia Poteat
- Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Linda C Gallo
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Audrey Harkness
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Phoenix Matthews
- Department of Population Health Nursing Science, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Neil Schneiderman
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Bharat Thyagarajan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Martha L Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Daniela Sotres-Alvarez
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Krista M Perreira
- Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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8
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Lerman Ginzburg S, Lemon SC, Romo E, Rosal M. Social support and strain and emotional distress among Latinos in the northeastern United States. BMC Psychol 2021; 9:40. [PMID: 33678184 PMCID: PMC7938605 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-021-00544-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background US Latinos report high levels of emotional distress. Having positive familial and friend social support buffers emotional distress among US Latinos, but thus far no research has been done on social support and ataque de nervios in that population, or on social strain and emotional distress.
Methods This paper assesses social support and strain across three relationship types (partner, family, and friends) with three measures of emotional distress (depression, anxiety, and ataque de nervios). The sample for partner, family, and friend support included 508 Latino adults 21 and older. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess the association of social support and strain with each outcome. Results As all social support types increased, the odds of emotional distress symptoms decreased. Conversely, as each unit of partner and family strain increased, the odds of emotional distress symptoms increased. Increased friend strain was associated with greater odds of depressive and anxiety symptoms only.
Conclusion Social support in all three network types (partner, family, and friend) was associated with a decrease in the odds of emotional distress, assessed as symptoms of depression, anxiety, and ataque de nervios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shir Lerman Ginzburg
- Department of Public Health Sciences, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Ave, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA.
| | - Stephenie C Lemon
- Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Eric Romo
- Department of Clinical and Population Health, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Milagros Rosal
- Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
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Non AL, Chang SY. Challenging the Role of Genetic Ancestry in Explaining Racial/Ethnic Health Disparities. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2021; 203:397-398. [PMID: 33125255 PMCID: PMC7874330 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202009-3636le] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amy L Non
- University of California, San Diego La Jolla, California
| | - Sophia Y Chang
- University of California, San Diego La Jolla, California
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10
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Laniado N, Badner VM, Sanders AE, Singer RH, Finlayson TL, Hua S, Kaste LM, Isasi CR. Social capital and periodontal disease in Hispanic/Latino adults in the United States: Results from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. J Clin Periodontol 2020; 47:542-551. [PMID: 31998991 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To examine the association of social capital with periodontal disease severity. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analysed data obtained from 3,994 men and women aged 18-74 years in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos Sociocultural Ancillary Study (HCHS/SOL SCAS). From 2008 to 2011, dentists assessed periodontitis status with a full-mouth periodontal examination. Periodontitis was classified using standardized case definitions. Multivariable logistic regression estimated odds of moderate-severe periodontitis associated with two measures of social capital: structural support (Social Network Index) and functional support (Interpersonal Support Evaluation List). RESULTS For US-born participants, for each additional person in their social network, the adjusted odds of moderate-severe periodontitis was reduced 17% (OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.71, 0.96). However, no association was found between functional support and periodontal disease severity. CONCLUSIONS Greater structural social support was associated with a lower prevalence of moderate-severe periodontitis in US-born Hispanics/Latinos. These findings suggest that US-born Hispanics/Latinos with less social support represent a vulnerable segment of the population at high-risk group for periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Laniado
- Department of Dentistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.,Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Victor M Badner
- Department of Dentistry, Jacobi Medical Center/North Central Bronx Hospital, Bronx, New York
| | - Anne E Sanders
- Division of Pediatric and Public Health, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Richard H Singer
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida
| | - Tracy L Finlayson
- Division of Health Management and Policy, School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
| | - Simin Hua
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Linda M Kaste
- College of Dentistry and School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
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Dennison A, Lund EM, Brodhead MT, Mejia L, Armenta A, Leal J. Delivering Home-Supported Applied Behavior Analysis Therapies to Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Families. Behav Anal Pract 2019; 12:887-898. [PMID: 31976301 PMCID: PMC6834806 DOI: 10.1007/s40617-019-00374-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The selection and adoption of culturally appropriate targets and practices, especially for home-based or parent-supported services, is an emerging interest in the field of applied behavior analysis (ABA). Variations in cultural norms, caregivers' ability to participate in home-based service delivery, and family and practitioner linguistic competencies are some of the areas that the culturally competent ABA therapist must consider when designing a home-based program of therapy. Given the paucity of empirical research related to cultural competency in ABA service provision, the goal of the current article is to provide practitioners, their supervisors, and researchers with information to overcome many perceived barriers to successfully working with clients whose home languages or cultures differ from that of the dominant U.S. culture. Practical examples, integration of research from ABA and allied fields, and terminology are used to support these points and provide actionable guidance grounded in empirical literature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emily M. Lund
- St. Cloud State University, St Cloud, MN USA
- University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA
| | | | | | | | - Jesi Leal
- Texas State University, San Marcos, TX USA
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12
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Campos B, Roesch SC, Gonzalez P, Hooker ED, Castañeda SF, Giachello AL, Perreira KM, Gallo LC. Measurement Properties of Sabogal's Familism Scale: Findings from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) Sociocultural Ancillary Study. JOURNAL OF LATINX PSYCHOLOGY 2019; 7:257-272. [PMID: 31853517 PMCID: PMC6918829 DOI: 10.1037/lat0000126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Familism is a central Hispanic/Latino cultural value that emphasizes close, supportive family relationships and prioritizing family over the self. One of its best-known measures is Sabogal's Familism Scale (Sabogal, Marin, Otero-Sabogal, VanOss Marin, & Perez-Stable, 1987). Although widely used, this scale's measurement properties are not well understood. This study addressed that gap by examining the factor structure, factorial invariance, convergent and discriminant validity, and internal consistency of Sabogal's Familism Scale using data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) Sociocultural Ancillary Study. A diverse population-based sample of Hispanics/Latinos (N = 5,313) completed measures that were administered via interview in English or Spanish. Confirmatory factor analyses (n = 5,310) revealed that a three-factor model (familial obligations, perceived support from the family, family as referents; Sabogal's original three factors) fit the data well and did not vary across English and Spanish language groups (i.e., factorial invariance). Convergent and discriminant validities were also established; familism correlated positively with other Hispanic/Latino cultural values (simpatía, fatalism) and correlated negatively with U.S. acculturation. Internal consistency was acceptable. Sabogal's Familism Scale is recommended for continued use in the study of familism in U.S. Hispanics/Latinos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda Campos
- Department of Chicano/Latino Studies, University of California, Irvine
| | | | | | - Emily D Hooker
- Department of Psychology and Social Behavior, University of California, Irvine
| | | | | | - Krista M Perreira
- Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Linda C Gallo
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University
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Development of a Bidimensional Simpatía Scale for Use With Mexican American, Puerto Rican, and Cuban American Adults. Nurs Res 2019; 68:348-357. [PMID: 31464828 DOI: 10.1097/nnr.0000000000000366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Through its influence on social interactions, simpatía may have a wide-ranging influence on Latinx health. Simpatía-which does not have a direct English translation-refers to being perceived as likeable, pleasant, and easygoing. Research to investigate the influence simpatía on Latinx health is limited, likely due to a lack of options for measuring simpatía among diverse Latinx populations. OBJECTIVES The goal of this research was to develop a bilingual, survey-based simpatía scale for use among ethnically diverse Latinx adults in health-related settings. METHODS Data were obtained through a telephone survey data of 1,296 Mexican American, Puerto Rican, and Cuban American adults living in the United States. Interviews were conducted in English and Spanish. Exploratory factor analysis, item response theory analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and computation of estimates of internal consistency reliability were conducted to inform the development of the final simpatía scale. RESULTS Results indicate that the final, nine-item, simpatía scale has high internal consistency (α = .83) and measurement invariance among Mexican American, Puerto Rican, and Cuban American adults. Two dimensions were identified, as indicated by a perceptions subscale and a behavior subscale. Cuban Americans were found to have the highest simpatía scores, followed by Puerto Ricans and Mexican Americans. DISCUSSION Culture is often identified as a powerful potential influence on health-related behaviors, but measures are often not available to assess specific cultural traits. By developing a new tool for measuring simpatía, this research advances opportunities for understanding and promoting Latinx health.
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Bistricky SL, Harper KL, Balderas JC, Cook DM, Rios D, Short MB. Attentional Avoidance of Historically Relevant, Task-Irrelevant Facial Affect: Past Depression, Interpersonal Characteristics, and Ethnicity. Psychol Rep 2019; 123:2263-2281. [PMID: 31422739 DOI: 10.1177/0033294119869825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Experiential background can influence how individuals respond to affective interpersonal information. For formerly depressed individuals, sad facial expressions are presumably salient. If so, when performing affectively neutral daily tasks, these individuals would find peripheral sad faces particularly distracting, and thus, they might shift their attention from them. The present study examined this hypothesis by comparing how euthymic formerly depressed and never depressed adults attended to sad and happy task-irrelevant emotional facial expression stimuli. The study also measured constructs linked to interpersonal functioning and depression and conducted exploratory analyses to examine whether Hispanic ethnicity status would moderate effects of study outcomes. Results of analyses indicated that formerly depressed individuals directed more attention away from sad faces than never depressed individuals. There were no significant between-group effects for happy faces and no moderation by ethnicity on attention to affective faces. However, irrespective of depression history, Hispanic individuals reported lower fear of negative evaluation compared to non-Hispanic Caucasian individuals. Findings are in line with hypothesized attentional avoidance among formerly depressed individuals and consistent with prior research suggesting that some Hispanic individuals experience protective mental health benefits through engagement with aspects of their culture. Directions for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Diana M Cook
- University of Houston-Clear Lake, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Mary B Short
- University of Houston-Clear Lake, Houston, TX, USA
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15
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Davis RE, Johnson TP, Lee S, Werner C. Why do Latino Survey Respondents Acquiesce? Respondent and Interviewer Characteristics as Determinants of Cultural Patterns of Acquiescence among Latino Survey Respondents. CROSS-CULTURAL RESEARCH : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CROSS-CULTURAL RESEARCH 2019; 53:87-115. [PMID: 34135562 PMCID: PMC8205427 DOI: 10.1177/1069397118774504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Research indicates that Latino survey respondents are more likely to acquiesce than non-Latino European Americans, thereby decreasing the potential for measurement invariance across cultural groups. In order to better understand what drives this culturally patterned response style, we examined the influence of respondent and interviewer characteristics on acquiescence. Data were obtained from a telephone survey of 400 Mexican American, Puerto Rican, Cuban American, and non-Latino European American respondents and a self-administered survey of 21 interviewers. Higher acquiescence was associated with several respondent characteristics: older age, lower education, stronger Latino cultural orientation, Spanish use, Latino ethnicity, and, among Latinos, Cuban American ethnicity. In contrast, acquiescence was not influenced by respondent-interviewer social distance, social deference, or interviewer characteristics (e.g., education, gender, acculturation, interviewer experience). These findings indicate that acquiescence differs across Latino ethnic subgroups and that respondent and language factors are more influential determinants of acquiescence than survey interviewers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E Davis
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Room 529, Columbia, SC 29208
| | - Timothy P Johnson
- Department of Public Administration, College of Urban Planning & Public Affairs, Director, Survey Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Chicago, 412 S. Peoria Street, Chicago, IL 60607
| | - Sunghee Lee
- Program in Survey Methodology, University of Michigan, Institute for Social Research, 426 Thompson Street, Room 4050, Ann Arbor, MI 48104-1248
| | - Christopher Werner
- Health Projects and Policy Manager, SC Thrive, 2211 Alpine Road Ext., Columbia, SC 29223
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Corona K, Campos B, Rook KS, Biegler K, Sorkin DH. Do cultural values have a role in health equity? A study of Latina mothers and daughters. CULTURAL DIVERSITY & ETHNIC MINORITY PSYCHOLOGY 2019; 25:65-72. [PMID: 30714768 PMCID: PMC6499474 DOI: 10.1037/cdp0000262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recently, there has been a call to better understand Latino health and arrive at effective approaches for achieving health equity via research focusing on the association between cultural factors and health. This study examined whether familism, a cultural value that emphasizes warm and close family relationships, would attenuate the negative effects that perceived stress, a psychological process that can worsen health, can have on two physical health indicators- number of health conditions and bodily pain. METHOD Latina mothers (n = 85, Mage = 52.68, SD = 6.60) with Type 2 diabetes and their daughters (n = 86, Mage = 27.69, SD = 7.61) whose weight put them at risk for also developing the condition were recruited to take part in a larger intervention study aimed at improving weight loss/dietary intake. Participants completed measures of familism, perceived stress, health conditions, and bodily pain. RESULTS Results indicated that in the daughters, familism and perceived stress interacted to predict health conditions and bodily pain. As familism decreased, stress was associated with more health conditions and more bodily pain. These interactions were not significant for the mothers. CONCLUSIONS First, familism has the potential to buffer the negative effect of stress in ways that are protective for health among Latinas at risk for diabetes. Second, this buffering effect has boundary conditions, suggesting that a better understanding is needed of how, for whom, and under what circumstances familism can be beneficial for health. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Belinda Campos
- Department of Chicano/Latino Studies, University of California, Irvine
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Ruiz JM, Sbarra D, Steffen PR. Hispanic ethnicity, stress psychophysiology and paradoxical health outcomes: A review with conceptual considerations and a call for research. Int J Psychophysiol 2018; 131:24-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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