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An J, Fischer H, Ni L, Xia M, Choi SK, Morrissette KL, Wei R, Reynolds K, Muntner P, Safford MM, Moran AE, Bellows BK, Isasi CR, Allen NB, Xanthakis V, Colantonio LD, Zhang Y. Association Between Young Adult Characteristics and Blood Pressure Trajectories. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e033053. [PMID: 38563367 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.033053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood pressure (BP) trajectories from young adulthood through middle age are associated with cardiovascular risk. We examined the associations of hypertension risk factors with BP trajectories among a large diverse sample. METHODS AND RESULTS We analyzed data from young adults, aged 18 to 39 years, with untreated BP <140/90 mm Hg at baseline from Kaiser Permanente Southern California (N=355 324). We used latent growth curve models to identify 10-year BP trajectories and to assess the associations between characteristics in young adulthood and BP trajectories. We identified the following 5 distinct systolic BP trajectories, which appeared to be determined mainly by the baseline BP with progressively higher BP at each year: group 1 (lowest BP trajectory, 7.9%), group 2 (26.5%), group 3 (33.0%), group 4 (25.4%), and group 5 (highest BP trajectory, 7.3%). Older age (adjusted odds ratio for 30-39 versus 18-29 years, 1.23 [95% CI, 1.18-1.28]), male sex (13.38 [95% CI, 12.80-13.99]), obesity (body mass index ≥30 versus 18.5-24.9 kg/m2, 14.81 [95% CI, 14.03-15.64]), overweight (body mass index 25-29.9 versus 18.5-24.9 kg/m2, 3.16 [95% CI, 3.00-3.33]), current smoking (1.58 [95% CI, 1.48-1.67]), prediabetes (1.21 [95% CI, 1.13-1.29]), diabetes (1.60 [95% CI, 1.41-1.81]) and high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (≥160 versus <100 mg/dL, 1.52 [95% CI, 1.37-1.68]) were associated with the highest BP trajectory (group 5) compared with the reference group (group 2). CONCLUSIONS Traditional hypertension risk factors including smoking, diabetes, and elevated lipids were associated with BP trajectories in young adults, with obesity having the strongest association with the highest BP trajectory group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaejin An
- Department of Research & Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California Pasadena CA USA
- Department of Health Systems Science Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine Pasadena CA USA
| | - Heidi Fischer
- Department of Research & Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California Pasadena CA USA
| | - Liang Ni
- Department of Research & Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California Pasadena CA USA
| | - Mengying Xia
- Division of General Medicine Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York NY USA
| | - Soon Kyu Choi
- Department of Research & Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California Pasadena CA USA
| | - Kerresa L Morrissette
- Department of Research & Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California Pasadena CA USA
| | - Rong Wei
- Department of Research & Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California Pasadena CA USA
| | - Kristi Reynolds
- Department of Research & Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California Pasadena CA USA
- Department of Health Systems Science Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine Pasadena CA USA
| | - Paul Muntner
- Department of Epidemiology University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL USA
| | - Monika M Safford
- Division of General Internal Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA
| | - Andrew E Moran
- Division of General Medicine Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York NY USA
| | - Brandon K Bellows
- Division of General Medicine Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York NY USA
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx NY USA
| | - Norrina B Allen
- Division of Epidemiology Northwestern University Chicago IL USA
| | - Vanessa Xanthakis
- Department of Medicine Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine Boston MA USA
- Department of Biostatistics Boston University School of Public Health Boston MA USA
| | | | - Yiyi Zhang
- Division of General Medicine Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York NY USA
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Sorajja N, Chung J, Alcántara C, Wassertheil-Smoller S, Penedo FJ, Ramos AR, Perreira KM, Daviglus ML, Suglia SF, Gallo LC, Liu PY, Redline S, Isasi CR, Sofer T. A sociodemographic index identifies non-biological sex-related effects on insomnia in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. medRxiv 2024:2024.04.09.24305555. [PMID: 38645067 PMCID: PMC11030294 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.09.24305555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Background Sex differences are related to both biological factors and the gendered environment. To untangle sex-related effects on health and disease it is important to model sex-related differences better. Methods Data came from the baseline visit of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), a longitudinal cohort study following 16,415 individuals recruited at baseline from four study sites: Bronx NY, Miami FL, San Diego CA, and Chicago IL. We applied LASSO penalized logistic regression of male versus female sex over sociodemographic, acculturation, and psychological factors jointly. Two "gendered indices", GISE and GIPSE, summarizing the sociodemographic environment (GISE, primary) and psychosocial and sociodemographic environment (GIPSE, secondary) associated with sex, were calculated by summing these variables, weighted by their regression coefficients. We examined the association of these indices with insomnia derived from self-reported symptoms assessed via the Women Health Initiative Insomnia Rating Scale (WHIIRS), a phenotype with strong sex differences, in sex-adjusted and sex-stratified analyses. All analyses were adjusted for age, Hispanic/Latino background, and study center. Results The distribution of GISE and GIPSE differed by sex with higher values in male individuals, even when constructing and validating them on separate, independent, subsets of HCHS/SOL individuals. In an association model with insomnia, male sex was associated with lower likelihood of insomnia (odds ratio (OR)=0.60, 95% CI (0.53, 0.67)). Including GISE in the model, the association was slightly weaker (OR=0.63, 95% CI (0.56, 0.70)), and weaker when including instead GIPSE in the association model (OR=0.78, 95% CI (0.69, 0.88)). Higher values of GISE and of GIPSE, more common in male sex, were associated with lower likelihood of insomnia, in analyses adjusted for sex (per 1 standard deviation of the index, GISE OR= 0.92, 95% CI (0.87, 0.99), GIPSE OR=0.65, 95% CI (0.61, 0.70)). Conclusions New measures such as GISE and GIPSE capture sex-related differences beyond binary sex and have the potential to better model and inform research studies of health. However, such indices do not account for gender identity and may not well capture the environment experienced by intersex and non-binary persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natali Sorajja
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joon Chung
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Sylvia Wassertheil-Smoller
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Frank J Penedo
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Alberto R Ramos
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Krista M Perreira
- Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Martha L Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Shakira F Suglia
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Linda C Gallo
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, Chula Vista, California, USA
| | - Peter Y Liu
- Division of Genetics, Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Susan Redline
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- CardioVascular Institute (CVI), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Persky V, Abasilim C, Tsintsifas K, Day T, Sargis RM, Daviglus M, Cai J, Freels S, Kaplan R, Isasi CR, Pirzada A, Meyer ML, Talavera GA, Thyagarajan B, Agarwal S, Chavez N, Grieco A, Turyk ME. Thyroid Hormones and Diabetes in Euthyroid Hispanic/Latino Adults of Diverse Backgrounds: HCHS/SOL. J Endocr Soc 2024; 8:bvae039. [PMID: 38623380 PMCID: PMC11017329 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvae039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Context Previous studies have demonstrated associations of endogenous thyroid hormones with diabetes; less is known about stages of diabetes development at which they are operative, mechanisms of associations, and the role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis. Objective This study examined associations of thyroid hormones with incident prediabetes and diabetes and with changes in glycemic traits in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), the largest cohort of Hispanic/Latino adults with diverse backgrounds in the United States. Methods The study includes 592 postmenopausal euthyroid women and 868 euthyroid men aged 45 to 74 years without diabetes at baseline participating in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). Baseline hormones included thyrotropin (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), total triiodothyronine (T3), and indices calculated from thyroid hormones evaluating pituitary sensitivity to thyroid hormone. Transitions to diabetes and prediabetes, and changes in glycemic traits determined at the 6-year follow-up visit, were examined using multivariable Poisson and linear regressions. Results Among women, T3 (incident rate ratio [IRR] = 1.65; 95% CI, 1.22-2.24; P = .001) and TSH (IRR = 2.09; 95% CI, 1.01-4.33; P = .047) were positively, while FT4 (IRR = 0.59; 95% CI, 0.39-0.88; P = .011) was inversely, associated with transition from prediabetes to diabetes. Among men, the T3/FT4 ratio was positively associated with transition from normoglycemia to prediabetes but not from prediabetes to diabetes. Indices measuring sensitivity of the pituitary to thyroid hormone suggested increased sensitivity in men who transitioned from prediabetes to diabetes. Conclusion Positive associations in women of T3 and TSH and inverse associations of FT4, as well as inverse associations of thyroid indices in men with transition from prediabetes to diabetes, but not from normoglycemia to diabetes, suggest decreased pituitary sensitivity to thyroid hormones in women and increased sensitivity in men later in the development of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Persky
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Chibuzor Abasilim
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Konstantina Tsintsifas
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Tessa Day
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Robert M Sargis
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago and Medical Service, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Martha Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Jianwen Cai
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Sally Freels
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Robert Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Amber Pirzada
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Michelle L Meyer
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Gregory A Talavera
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - Bharat Thyagarajan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55415, USA
| | - Shivani Agarwal
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Noel Chavez
- Division of Community Health Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Arielle Grieco
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Mary E Turyk
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Elfassy T, Kulandavelu S, Dodds L, Mesa RA, Rundek T, Sharashidze V, Paidas M, Daviglus ML, Kominiarek MA, Stickel AM, Perreira KM, Kobayashi MA, Garcia TP, Isasi CR, Lipton RB, González HM. Association Between Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and Interval Neurocognitive Decline: An Analysis of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. Obstet Gynecol 2024:00006250-990000000-01052. [PMID: 38574370 DOI: 10.1097/aog.0000000000005571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, including gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and eclampsia, are associated with cognitive decline later in life among U.S. Hispanic/Latina individuals. METHODS The HCHS/SOL (Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos) is a prospective population-based study of Hispanic/Latino individuals aged 18-74 years from four U.S. communities. This analysis included parous individuals aged 45 years or older who participated in the HCHS/SOL clinic study visit 1 (2008-2011) neurocognitive assessment and subsequently completed a repeat neurocognitive assessment as part of the Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging ancillary study visit 2 (2015-2018). Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy were assessed retrospectively by self-report of any gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, or eclampsia. Cognitive functioning was measured at both study visits with the Brief Spanish-English Verbal Learning Test, Digit Symbol Substitution, and Word Fluency. A regression-based approach was used to define cognitive decline at visit 2 as a function of cognition at visit 1 after adjustment for age, education, and follow-up time. Linear regression models were used to determine whether hypertensive disorders of pregnancy or their component diagnoses were associated with standardized cognitive decline after adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics, clinical and behavioral risk factors, and follow-up time. RESULTS Among 3,554 individuals included in analysis, the mean age was 56.2 years, and 467 of individuals (13.4%) reported at least one hypertensive disorder of pregnancy. Individuals with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy compared with those without were more likely to have higher mean systolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, and body mass index. After an average of 7 years of follow-up, in fully adjusted models, gestational hypertension was associated with a 0.17-SD relative decline in Digit Symbol Substitution scores (95% CI, -0.31 to -0.04) but not other cognitive domains (Brief Spanish-English Verbal Learning Test or Word Fluency). Neither preeclampsia nor eclampsia was associated with neurocognitive differences. CONCLUSION The presence of preeclampsia or eclampsia was not associated with interval neurocognitive decline. In this cohort of U.S. Hispanic/Latina individuals, gestational hypertension alone was associated with decreased processing speed and executive functioning later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tali Elfassy
- Department of Medicine, the Department of Pediatrics, the Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, the Department of Public Health Sciences, the Department of Neurology, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, and the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, and the Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida; the Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, and the Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York; the Department of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; the Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California; and the Department of Social Medicine and the Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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Graves LV, Tarraf W, Gonzalez K, Bondi MW, Gallo LC, Isasi CR, Daviglus M, Lamar M, Zeng D, Cai J, González HM. Characterizing cognitive profiles in diverse middle-aged and older Hispanics/Latinos: Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (HCHS/SOL). Alzheimers Dement (Amst) 2024; 16:e12592. [PMID: 38655549 PMCID: PMC11035970 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Introduction We investigated cognitive profiles among diverse, middle-aged and older Hispanic/Latino adults in the Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL-INCA) cohort using a cross-sectional observational study design. Methods Based on weighted descriptive statistics, the average baseline age of the target population was 56.4 years, slightly more than half were women (54.6%), and 38.4% reported less than a high school education. We used latent profile analysis of demographically adjusted z scores on SOL-INCA neurocognitive tests spanning domains of verbal memory, language, processing speed, and executive function. Results Statistical fit assessment indices combined with clinical interpretation suggested five profiles: (1) a Higher Global group performing in the average-to-high-average range across all cognitive and instrumental activity of daily living (IADL) tests (13.8%); (2) a Higher Memory group with relatively high performance on memory tests but average performance across all other cognitive/IADL tests (24.6%); (3) a Lower Memory group with relatively low performance on memory tests but average performance across all other cognitive/IADL tests (32.8%); (4) a Lower Executive Function group with relatively low performance on executive function and processing speed tests but average-to-low-average performance across all other cognitive/IADL tests (16.6%); and (5) a Lower Global group performing low-average-to-mildly impaired across all cognitive/IADL tests (12.1%). Discussion Our results provide evidence of heterogeneity in the cognitive profiles of a representative, community-dwelling sample of diverse Hispanic/Latino adults. Our analyses yielded cognitive profiles that may assist efforts to better understand the early cognitive changes that may portend Alzheimer's disease and related dementias among diverse Hispanics/Latinos. Highlights The present study characterized cognitive profiles among diverse middle-aged and older Hispanic/Latino adults.Latent profile analysis of neurocognitive test scores was the primary analysis conducted.The target population consists of middle-aged and older Hispanic/Latino adults enrolled in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos and ancillary Study of Latinos - Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa V. Graves
- Department of PsychologyCalifornia State University San MarcosSan MarcosCaliforniaUSA
| | - Wassim Tarraf
- Institute of Gerontology & Department of Healthcare SciencesWayne State UniversityDetroitMichiganUSA
| | - Kevin Gonzalez
- Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Mark W. Bondi
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of California San DiegoSchool of MedicineLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare SystemSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Linda C. Gallo
- Department of PsychologySan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Carmen R. Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology & Population HealthAlbert Einstein College of MedicineJack and Pearl Resnick CampusBronxNew YorkUSA
| | - Martha Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health ResearchUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoCollege of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Melissa Lamar
- Institute for Minority Health ResearchUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoCollege of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease CenterRush University Medical CenterChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Donglin Zeng
- Department of BiostatisticsUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Jianwen Cai
- Department of BiostatisticsUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Hector M. González
- Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
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Morlett Paredes A, Tarraf W, Gonzalez K, Stickel AM, Graves LV, Salmon DP, Kaur SS, Gallo LC, Isasi CR, Lipton RB, Lamar M, Goodman ZT, González HM. Normative data for the Digit Symbol Substitution for diverse Hispanic/Latino adults: Results from the Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL-INCA). Alzheimers Dement (Amst) 2024; 16:e12573. [PMID: 38566831 PMCID: PMC10983023 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Executive functioning and processing speed are crucial elements of neuropsychological assessment. To meet the needs of the Hispanic/Latino population, we aimed to provide normative data for the Digit Symbol Substitution (DSS) test. METHODS The target population for the Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging included six heritage backgrounds (n = 6177). Average age was 63.4 ± 8.3 years, 54.5% were female, and mean education was 11.0 ± 4.7 years. Participants were administered the DSS as part of a larger battery. Heritage-adjusted DSS scores, and percentile cut-points were created using survey-adjusted regression and quantile regression models. RESULTS Age, education, sex, heritage, and language preference were associated with DSS scores. DISCUSSION Significant correlates of DSS performance should be considered when evaluating cognitive performance. Representative DSS norms for Hispanics/Latinos will advance assessment and accuracy of neurocognitive disorder diagnosis in clinical practice. To facilitate interpretation, we provide norms to reduce test biases and developed an online dashboard. Highlights Normative data for the Digit Symbol Substitution (DSS) for diverse Hispanic/Latino adults: Results from the Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL-INCA) This study is the first to develop norms for the DSS test across four regions of the United States.Factors such as age, education, sex, and Hispanic/Latino heritage and language preference are associated with differences in executive functioning and information processing speed.We created norms and an online dashboard (https://solincalab.shinyapps.io/dsst_shiny/) providing an easily accessible tool to evaluate processing speed and executive functioning in Hispanic/Latino adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wassim Tarraf
- Institute of Gerontology & Department of Healthcare SciencesWayne State UniversityDetroitMichiganUSA
| | - Kevin Gonzalez
- Department of NeurosciencesUC San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Ariana M. Stickel
- Department of PsychologySan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Lisa V. Graves
- Department of PsychologyCalifornia State University San MarcosSan MarcosCaliforniaUSA
| | - David P. Salmon
- Department of NeurosciencesUC San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Sonya S. Kaur
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of MiamiMiamiFloridaUSA
| | - Linda C. Gallo
- Department of PsychologySan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Carmen R. Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology & Population HealthAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkUSA
| | - Richard B. Lipton
- Department of NeurologyAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkUSA
| | - Melissa Lamar
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease CenterRush University Medical CenterChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Institute for Minority Health ResearchUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoCollege of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
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Wang Z, Peters BA, Yu B, Grove ML, Wang T, Xue X, Thyagarajan B, Daviglus M, Boerwinkle E, Hu G, Mossavar-Rahmani Y, Isasi CR, Knight R, Burk RD, Kaplan RC, Qi Q. Gut Microbiota and Blood Metabolites Related to Fiber Intake and Type 2 Diabetes. Circ Res 2024; 134:842-854. [PMID: 38547246 PMCID: PMC10987058 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consistent evidence suggests diabetes-protective effects of dietary fiber intake. However, the underlying mechanisms, particularly the role of gut microbiota and host circulating metabolites, are not fully understood. We aimed to investigate gut microbiota and circulating metabolites associated with dietary fiber intake and their relationships with type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS This study included up to 11 394 participants from the HCHS/SOL (Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos). Diet was assessed with two 24-hour dietary recalls at baseline. We examined associations of dietary fiber intake with gut microbiome measured by shotgun metagenomics (350 species/85 genera and 1958 enzymes; n=2992 at visit 2), serum metabolome measured by untargeted metabolomics (624 metabolites; n=6198 at baseline), and associations between fiber-related gut bacteria and metabolites (n=804 at visit 2). We examined prospective associations of serum microbial-associated metabolites (n=3579 at baseline) with incident T2D over 6 years. RESULTS We identified multiple bacterial genera, species, and related enzymes associated with fiber intake. Several bacteria (eg, Butyrivibrio, Faecalibacterium) and enzymes involved in fiber degradation (eg, xylanase EC3.2.1.156) were positively associated with fiber intake, inversely associated with prevalent T2D, and favorably associated with T2D-related metabolic traits. We identified 159 metabolites associated with fiber intake, 47 of which were associated with incident T2D. We identified 18 of these 47 metabolites associated with the identified fiber-related bacteria, including several microbial metabolites (eg, indolepropionate and 3-phenylpropionate) inversely associated with the risk of T2D. Both Butyrivibrio and Faecalibacterium were associated with these favorable metabolites. The associations of fiber-related bacteria, especially Faecalibacterium and Butyrivibrio, with T2D were attenuated after further adjustment for these microbial metabolites. CONCLUSIONS Among United States Hispanics/Latinos, dietary fiber intake was associated with favorable profiles of gut microbiota and circulating metabolites for T2D. These findings advance our understanding of the role of gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in the relationship between diet and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Brandilyn A Peters
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Bing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Megan L Grove
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Xiaonan Xue
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | | | | | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gang Hu
- Chronic Disease Epidemiology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana, USA
| | - Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA,USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Robert D Burk
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women’s Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Robert C Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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8
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Stickel AM, Mendoza A, Tarraf W, Kuwayama S, Kaur S, Morlett Paredes A, Daviglus ML, Testai FD, Zeng D, Isasi CR, Baiduc RR, Dinces E, Lee DJ, González HM. Hearing Loss and Associated 7-Year Cognitive Outcomes Among Hispanic and Latino Adults. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024:2816120. [PMID: 38512278 PMCID: PMC10958383 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2024.0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Importance Hearing loss appears to have adverse effects on cognition and increases risk for cognitive impairment. These associations have not been thoroughly investigated in the Hispanic and Latino population, which faces hearing health disparities. Objective To examine associations between hearing loss with 7-year cognitive change and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) prevalence among a diverse cohort of Hispanic/Latino adults. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study used data from a large community health survey of Hispanic Latino adults in 4 major US cities. Eligible participants were aged 50 years or older at their second visit to study field centers. Cognitive data were collected at visit 1 and visit 2, an average of 7 years later. Data were last analyzed between September 2023 and January 2024. Exposure Hearing loss at visit 1 was defined as a pure-tone average (500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz) greater than 25 dB hearing loss in the better ear. Main outcomes and measures Cognitive data were collected at visit 1 and visit 2, an average of 7 years later and included measures of episodic learning and memory (the Brief-Spanish English Verbal Learning Test Sum of Trials and Delayed Recall), verbal fluency (word fluency-phonemic fluency), executive functioning (Trails Making Test-Trail B), and processing speed (Digit-Symbol Substitution, Trails Making Test-Trail A). MCI at visit 2 was defined using the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer Association criteria. Results A total of 6113 Hispanic Latino adults were included (mean [SD] age, 56.4 [8.1] years; 3919 women [64.1%]). Hearing loss at visit 1 was associated with worse cognitive performance at 7-year follow-up (global cognition: β = -0.11 [95% CI, -0.18 to -0.05]), equivalent to 4.6 years of aging and greater adverse change (slowing) in processing speed (β = -0.12 [95% CI, -0.23 to -0.003]) equivalent to 5.4 years of cognitive change due to aging. There were no associations with MCI. Conclusions and relevance The findings of this cohort study suggest that hearing loss decreases cognitive performance and increases rate of adverse change in processing speed. These findings underscore the need to prevent, assess, and treat hearing loss in the Hispanic and Latino community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariana M. Stickel
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
| | - Alonzo Mendoza
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Wassim Tarraf
- Institute of Gerontology & Department of Healthcare Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Sayaka Kuwayama
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Sonya Kaur
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | | | - Martha L. Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago
| | - Fernando D. Testai
- Department of Neurology & Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago
| | - Donglin Zeng
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Carmen R. Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Rachael R. Baiduc
- Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder
| | - Elizabeth Dinces
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - David J. Lee
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Hector M. González
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
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9
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Cai J, Pirzada A, Baldoni PL, Heiss G, Kunz J, Rosamond WD, Youngblood ME, Aviles-Santa ML, Gallo LC, Isasi CR, Kaplan R, Lash JP, Lee DJ, Llabre MM, Schneiderman N, Wassertheil-Smoller S, Talavera GA, Daviglus ML. Cumulative All-Cause Mortality in Diverse Hispanic/Latino Adults : A Prospective, Multicenter Cohort Study. Ann Intern Med 2024; 177:303-314. [PMID: 38437694 DOI: 10.7326/m23-1990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND All-cause mortality among diverse Hispanic/Latino groups in the United States and factors underlying mortality differences have not been examined prospectively. OBJECTIVE To describe cumulative all-cause mortality (and factors underlying differences) by Hispanic/Latino background, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN Prospective, multicenter cohort study. SETTING Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. PARTICIPANTS 15 568 adults aged 18 to 74 years at baseline (2008 to 2011) of Central American, Cuban, Dominican, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South American, and other backgrounds from the Bronx, New York; Chicago, Illinois; Miami, Florida; and San Diego, California. MEASUREMENTS Sociodemographic, acculturation-related, lifestyle, and clinical factors were assessed at baseline, and vital status was ascertained through December 2021 (969 deaths; 173 444 person-years of follow-up). Marginally adjusted cumulative all-cause mortality risks (11-year before the pandemic and 2-year during the pandemic) were examined using progressively adjusted Cox regression. RESULTS Before the pandemic, 11-year cumulative mortality risks adjusted for age and sex were higher in the Puerto Rican and Cuban groups (6.3% [95% CI, 5.2% to 7.6%] and 5.7% [CI, 5.0% to 6.6%], respectively) and lowest in the South American group (2.4% [CI, 1.7% to 3.5%]). Differences were attenuated with adjustment for lifestyle and clinical factors. During the pandemic, 2-year cumulative mortality risks adjusted for age and sex ranged from 1.1% (CI, 0.6% to 2.0%; South American) to 2.0% (CI, 1.4% to 3.0%; Central American); CIs overlapped across groups. With adjustment for lifestyle factors, 2-year cumulative mortality risks were highest in persons of Central American and Mexican backgrounds and lowest among those of Puerto Rican and Cuban backgrounds. LIMITATION Lack of data on race and baseline citizenship status; correlation between Hispanic/Latino background and site. CONCLUSION Differences in prepandemic mortality risks across Hispanic/Latino groups were explained by lifestyle and clinical factors. Mortality patterns changed during the pandemic, with higher risks in persons of Central American and Mexican backgrounds than in those of Puerto Rican and Cuban backgrounds. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE National Institutes of Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwen Cai
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (J.C., M.E.Y.)
| | - Amber Pirzada
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (A.P., M.L.D.)
| | - Pedro L Baldoni
- Bioinformatics Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, and Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (P.L.B.)
| | - Gerardo Heiss
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (G.H., W.D.R.)
| | - John Kunz
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (J.K.)
| | - Wayne D Rosamond
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (G.H., W.D.R.)
| | - Marston E Youngblood
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (J.C., M.E.Y.)
| | - M Larissa Aviles-Santa
- Division of Clinical and Health Services Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (M.L.A.)
| | - Linda C Gallo
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California (L.C.G., G.A.T.)
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York (C.R.I., S.W.)
| | - Robert Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, and Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington (R.K.)
| | - James P Lash
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (J.P.L.)
| | - David J Lee
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida (D.J.L.)
| | - Maria M Llabre
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida (M.M.L., N.S.)
| | - Neil Schneiderman
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida (M.M.L., N.S.)
| | - Sylvia Wassertheil-Smoller
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York (C.R.I., S.W.)
| | - Gregory A Talavera
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California (L.C.G., G.A.T.)
| | - Martha L Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (A.P., M.L.D.)
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10
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Stickel AM, Tarraf W, Kuwayama S, Wu B, Sundermann EE, Gallo LC, Lamar M, Daviglus M, Zeng D, Thyagarajan B, Isasi CR, Lipton RB, Cordero C, Perreira KM, Gonzalez HM, Banks SJ. Connections between reproductive health and cognitive aging among women enrolled in the HCHS/SOL and SOL-INCA. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:1944-1957. [PMID: 38160447 PMCID: PMC10947951 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Reproductive health history may contribute to cognitive aging and risk for Alzheimer's disease, but this is understudied among Hispanic/Latina women. METHODS Participants included 2126 Hispanic/Latina postmenopausal women (44 to 75 years) from the Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging. Survey linear regressions separately modeled the associations between reproductive health measures (age at menarche, history of oral contraceptive use, number of pregnancies, number of live births, age at menopause, female hormone use at Visit 1, and reproductive span) with cognitive outcomes at Visit 2 (performance, 7-year change, and mild cognitive impairment [MCI] prevalence). RESULTS Younger age at menarche, oral contraceptive use, lower pregnancies, lower live births, and older age at menopause were associated with better cognitive performance. Older age at menarche was protective against cognitive change. Hormone use was linked to lower MCI prevalence. DISCUSSION Several aspects of reproductive health appear to impact cognitive aging among Hispanic/Latina women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariana M. Stickel
- Department of PsychologySan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Wassim Tarraf
- Institute of Gerontology & Department of Healthcare SciencesWayne State UniversityDetroitMichiganUSA
| | - Sayaka Kuwayama
- Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Benson Wu
- Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Erin E. Sundermann
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Linda C. Gallo
- Department of PsychologySan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Melissa Lamar
- Institute for Minority Health ResearchUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoCollege of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesRush University Medical CenterChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Martha Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health ResearchUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoCollege of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Donglin Zeng
- Department of BiostatisticsUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Bharat Thyagarajan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyUniversity of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Carmen R. Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology & Population HealthAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkUSA
| | - Richard B. Lipton
- Department of Epidemiology & Population HealthAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkUSA
- Department of NeurologyAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkUSA
| | | | - Krista M. Perreira
- Department of Social MedicineUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Hector M. Gonzalez
- Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Sarah J. Banks
- Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
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11
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Kim JS, Sun Y, Balte P, Cushman M, Boyle R, Tracy RP, Styer LM, Bell TD, Anderson MR, Allen NB, Schreiner PJ, Bowler RP, Schwartz DA, Lee JS, Xanthakis V, Doyle MF, Regan EA, Make BJ, Kanaya AM, Wenzel SE, Coresh J, Isasi CR, Raffield LM, Elkind MSV, Howard VJ, Ortega VE, Woodruff P, Cole SA, Henderson JM, Mantis NJ, Parker MM, Demmer RT, Oelsner EC. Demographic and Clinical Factors Associated With SARS-CoV-2 Spike 1 Antibody Response Among Vaccinated US Adults: the C4R Study. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1492. [PMID: 38374032 PMCID: PMC10876680 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45468-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigates correlates of anti-S1 antibody response following COVID-19 vaccination in a U.S. population-based meta-cohort of adults participating in longstanding NIH-funded cohort studies. Anti-S1 antibodies were measured from dried blood spots collected between February 2021-August 2022 using Luminex-based microsphere immunoassays. Of 6245 participants, mean age was 73 years (range, 21-100), 58% were female, and 76% were non-Hispanic White. Nearly 52% of participants received the BNT162b2 vaccine and 48% received the mRNA-1273 vaccine. Lower anti-S1 antibody levels are associated with age of 65 years or older, male sex, higher body mass index, smoking, diabetes, COPD and receipt of BNT16b2 vaccine (vs mRNA-1273). Participants with a prior infection, particularly those with a history of hospitalized illness, have higher anti-S1 antibody levels. These results suggest that adults with certain socio-demographic and clinical characteristics may have less robust antibody responses to COVID-19 vaccination and could be prioritized for more frequent re-vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yifei Sun
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pallavi Balte
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mary Cushman
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Rebekah Boyle
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Russell P Tracy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Linda M Styer
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Taison D Bell
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | | | - Norrina B Allen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Pamela J Schreiner
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Russell P Bowler
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - David A Schwartz
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Joyce S Lee
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Vanessa Xanthakis
- Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Margaret F Doyle
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | | | - Barry J Make
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Alka M Kanaya
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sally E Wenzel
- Department of Medicine, Department of Immunology, and Department of Environmental Medicine and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Josef Coresh
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Laura M Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Mitchell S V Elkind
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Virginia J Howard
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Victor E Ortega
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Prescott Woodruff
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Shelley A Cole
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Joel M Henderson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicholas J Mantis
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Monica M Parker
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Ryan T Demmer
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, College of Medicine and Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Elizabeth C Oelsner
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA.
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12
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Cozen AE, Carton T, Hamad R, Kornak J, Faulkner Modrow M, Peyser ND, Park S, Orozco JH, Brandner M, O'Brien EC, Djibo DA, McMahill-Walraven CN, Isasi CR, Beatty AL, Olgin JE, Marcus GM, Pletcher MJ. Factors associated with anxiety during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States: An analysis of the COVID-19 Citizen Science study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297922. [PMID: 38319951 PMCID: PMC10846720 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 increased the prevalence of clinically significant anxiety in the United States. To investigate contributing factors we analyzed anxiety, reported online via monthly Generalized Anxiety Disorders-7 (GAD-7) surveys between April 2020 and May 2022, in association with self-reported worry about the health effects of COVID-19, economic difficulty, personal COVID-19 experience, and subjective social status. 333,292 anxiety surveys from 50,172 participants (82% non-Hispanic white; 73% female; median age 55, IQR 42-66) showed high levels of anxiety, especially early in the pandemic. Anxiety scores showed strong independent associations with worry about the health effects of COVID-19 for oneself or family members (GAD-7 score +3.28 for highest vs. lowest category; 95% confidence interval: 3.24, 3.33; p<0.0001 for trend) and with difficulty paying for basic living expenses (+2.06; 1.97, 2.15, p<0.0001) in multivariable regression models after adjusting for demographic characteristics, COVID-19 case rates and death rates, and personal COVID-19 experience. High levels of COVID-19 health worry and economic stress were each more common among participants reporting lower subjective social status, and median anxiety scores for those experiencing both were in the range considered indicative of moderate to severe clinical anxiety disorders. In summary, health worry and economic difficulty both contributed to high rates of anxiety during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic in the US, especially in disadvantaged socioeconomic groups. Programs to address both health concerns and economic insecurity in vulnerable populations could help mitigate pandemic impacts on anxiety and mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron E Cozen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Thomas Carton
- Louisiana Public Health Institute, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Rita Hamad
- Dept of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - John Kornak
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Madelaine Faulkner Modrow
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Noah D Peyser
- Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Soo Park
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Jaime H Orozco
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Matthew Brandner
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Emily C O'Brien
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | | | | | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Alexis L Beatty
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
- Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey E Olgin
- Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Gregory M Marcus
- Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Mark J Pletcher
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
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13
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Goodman MO, Faquih T, Paz V, Nagarajan P, Lane JM, Spitzer B, Maher M, Chung J, Cade BE, Purcell SM, Zhu X, Noordam R, Phillips AJK, Kyle SD, Spiegelhalder K, Weedon MN, Lawlor DA, Rotter JI, Taylor KD, Isasi CR, Sofer T, Dashti HS, Rutter MK, Redline S, Saxena R, Wang H. Genome-wide association analysis of composite sleep health scores in 413,904 individuals. medRxiv 2024:2024.02.02.24302211. [PMID: 38352337 PMCID: PMC10863010 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.02.24302211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Recent genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of several individual sleep traits have identified hundreds of genetic loci, suggesting diverse mechanisms. Moreover, sleep traits are moderately correlated, and together may provide a more complete picture of sleep health, while also illuminating distinct domains. Here we construct novel sleep health scores (SHSs) incorporating five core self-report measures: sleep duration, insomnia symptoms, chronotype, snoring, and daytime sleepiness, using additive (SHS-ADD) and five principal components-based (SHS-PCs) approaches. GWASs of these six SHSs identify 28 significant novel loci adjusting for multiple testing on six traits (p<8.3e-9), along with 341 previously reported loci (p<5e-08). The heritability of the first three SHS-PCs equals or exceeds that of SHS-ADD (SNP-h2=0.094), while revealing sleep-domain-specific genetic discoveries. Significant loci enrich in multiple brain tissues and in metabolic and neuronal pathways. Post GWAS analyses uncover novel genetic mechanisms underlying sleep health and reveal connections to behavioral, psychological, and cardiometabolic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew O Goodman
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology and Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Tariq Faquih
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology and Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Valentina Paz
- Instituto de Psicología Clínica, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pavithra Nagarajan
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jacqueline M Lane
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology and Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brian Spitzer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew Maher
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joon Chung
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology and Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brian E Cade
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology and Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Shaun M Purcell
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology and Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew J. K. Phillips
- School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Simon D. Kyle
- Sir Jules Thorn Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kai Spiegelhalder
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Centre - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael N Weedon
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Deborah A. Lawlor
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology and Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hassan S Dashti
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martin K Rutter
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Gastroenterology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Susan Redline
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology and Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richa Saxena
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Heming Wang
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology and Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
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14
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Estrella ML, Tarraf W, Kuwayama S, Gallo LC, Wu B, Marquine MJ, Perreira KM, Vasquez PM, Isasi CR, Lipton RB, Mattei J, González HM, Daviglus ML, Lamar M. Psychosocial factors associated with 7-year change in cognition among middle-aged and older Hispanics/Latinos: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL-INCA) and Sociocultural ancillary studies. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:1137-1148. [PMID: 37897802 PMCID: PMC10916974 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Few studies have examined the associations of psychosocial factors with cognitive change in Hispanics/Latinos. METHODS Data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (HCHS/SOL INCA) and Sociocultural studies were used (n = 2,155; ages ≥45 years). Psychosocial exposures included intrapersonal (ethnic identity, optimism, purpose in life), interpersonal (family cohesion, familism, social networks, social support), and social factors (ethnic discrimination, loneliness, subjective social status). Survey-linear regression models examined associations between psychosocial exposures and 7-year cognitive change (global cognition [GC], verbal learning, memory, word fluency [WF], and digit symbol substitution [DSS]). RESULTS Familism predicted decline in GC, verbal learning, and memory; family cohesion predicted DSS decline; and loneliness predicted memory decline. Ethnic identity was protective against decline in GC and memory, optimism and social support were protective against decline in memory, and purpose in life was protective against WF decline. DISCUSSION Psychosocial factors are differentially related to cognitive changes. Culturally relevant factors should be explored in Hispanic/Latino cognitive aging research. HIGHLIGHTS Psychosocial factors are differentially related to cognitive changes in Latinos. Role of culturally relevant factors on cognition should be further explored. Familism predicted decline in global cognition, verbal learning, and memory. Ethnic identity predicted increase in global cognition and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayra L. Estrella
- Department of EpidemiologyHuman Genetics and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston (UTHealth Houston) School of Public HealthBrownsvilleTexasUSA
- Institute for Minority Health ResearchUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Wassim Tarraf
- Institute of Gerontology and Department of Healthcare SciencesWayne State UniversityDetroitMichiganUSA
| | - Sayaka Kuwayama
- Department of Neurosciences and Shiley‐Marcos Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Linda C. Gallo
- Department of PsychologySan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Benson Wu
- Department of Neurosciences and Shiley‐Marcos Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - María J. Marquine
- Departments of Medicine and PsychiatryDuke Center for the Study of Aging and Human DevelopmentDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Krista M. Perreira
- Department of Social MedicineUniversity of North Carolina School of MedicineChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Priscilla M. Vasquez
- Department of Urban Public HealthCharles R. Drew University of Medicine and ScienceLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Carmen R. Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population HealthAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkUSA
| | - Richard B. Lipton
- Department of NeurologyAlbert Einstein College of MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Josiemer Mattei
- Department of NutritionHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Hector M. González
- Department of Neurosciences and Shiley‐Marcos Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Martha L. Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health ResearchUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Melissa Lamar
- Institute for Minority Health ResearchUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center and the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesRush University Medical CenterChicagoIllinoisUSA
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15
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Zhang Y, Chen GC, Sotres-Alvarez D, Perreira KM, Daviglus ML, Pirzada A, Gallo LC, Llabre MM, Cai J, Xue X, Isasi CR, Kaplan R, Qi Q. General or Central Obesity and Mortality Among US Hispanic and Latino Adults. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e2351070. [PMID: 38227314 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.51070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance The Hispanic and Latino population is the second largest ethnic group in the US, but associations of obesity parameters with mortality in this population remain unclear. Objective To investigate the associations of general and central obesity with mortality among US Hispanic and Latino adults. Design, Setting, and Participants The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos is an ongoing, multicenter, population-based cohort study with a multistage probability sampling method performed in Hispanic and Latino adults aged 18 to 74 years with a baseline between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2011. Active follow-up for this analyses extended from baseline through February 17, 2022. All analyses accounted for complex survey design (ie, stratification and clustering) and sampling weights to generate estimates representing the noninstitutionalized, 18- to 74-year-old Hispanic or Latino populations from selected communities. Exposures Body mass index (BMI; calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared), body fat percentage, waist circumference (WC), and waist to hip ratio (WHR). Main Outcome and Measure Deaths were ascertained via death certificates, the National Death Index, and active follow-up. Results Of 15 773 adults (mean [SE] age, 40.9 [0.3] years; 52.8% female), 686 deaths occurred during a median (IQR) follow-up of 10.0 (9.9-10.2) years. When adjusting for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and family history covariates, hazard ratios (HRs) for mortality were 1.55 (95% CI, 1.08-2.22) for a BMI of 35.0 or greater vs 18.5 to 24.9, 1.22 (95% CI, 0.92-1.64) for the highest vs lowest body fat percentage groups (defined according to sex-, age-, and Hispanic or Latino background-specific BMI distribution), 1.35 (95% CI, 0.98-1.85) for WC greater than 102 cm (men) or 88 cm (women) vs 94 cm (men) or 80 cm (women) or less, and 1.91 (95% CI, 1.28-2.86) for WHR of 0.90 (men) or 0.85 (women) or greater vs less than 0.90 (men) or 0.85 (women). Only WHR was associated with mortality with additional adjustment for major comorbidities (HR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.17-2.62). The association of WHR with mortality was stronger among women compared with men (P = .03 for interaction), and the association between BMI and mortality was stronger among men (P = .02 for interaction). The positive association between severe obesity (BMI ≥ 35.0) and mortality was observed only among adults with WHR of 0.90 (men) or 0.85 (women) or greater but not among those with WHR below 0.90 (men) or 0.85 (women) (P = .005 for interaction) who had greater hip circumference. Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort of US Hispanic and Latino adults, WHR was independently associated with higher all-cause mortality regardless of BMI and prevalent comorbidities. These findings suggest that prioritizing clinical screening and intervention for WHR in this population may be an important public health strategy, with sex-specific strategies potentially being needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbo Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Guo-Chong Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Daniela Sotres-Alvarez
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Krista M Perreira
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill
| | - Martha L Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois, Chicago
| | - Amber Pirzada
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois, Chicago
| | - Linda C Gallo
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
| | - Maria M Llabre
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Jianwen Cai
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Xiaonan Xue
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Robert Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
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16
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Luo K, Chen GC, Zhang Y, Moon JY, Xing J, Peters BA, Usyk M, Wang Z, Hu G, Li J, Selvin E, Rebholz CM, Wang T, Isasi CR, Yu B, Knight R, Boerwinkle E, Burk RD, Kaplan RC, Qi Q. Variant of the lactase LCT gene explains association between milk intake and incident type 2 diabetes. Nat Metab 2024; 6:169-186. [PMID: 38253929 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00961-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Cow's milk is frequently included in the human diet, but the relationship between milk intake and type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains controversial. Here, using data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, we show that in both sexes, higher milk intake is associated with lower risk of T2D in lactase non-persistent (LNP) individuals (determined by a variant of the lactase LCT gene, single nucleotide polymorphism rs4988235 ) but not in lactase persistent individuals. We validate this finding in the UK Biobank. Further analyses reveal that among LNP individuals, higher milk intake is associated with alterations in gut microbiota (for example, enriched Bifidobacterium and reduced Prevotella) and circulating metabolites (for example, increased indolepropionate and reduced branched-chain amino acid metabolites). Many of these metabolites are related to the identified milk-associated bacteria and partially mediate the association between milk intake and T2D in LNP individuals. Our study demonstrates a protective association between milk intake and T2D among LNP individuals and a potential involvement of gut microbiota and blood metabolites in this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Luo
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Guo-Chong Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yanbo Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jee-Young Moon
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jiaqian Xing
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Brandilyn A Peters
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Mykhaylo Usyk
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Gang Hu
- Chronic Disease Epidemiology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Jun Li
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Selvin
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Casey M Rebholz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Bing Yu
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert D Burk
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Robert C Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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17
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González KA, Tarraf W, Stickel AM, Kaur S, Agudelo C, Redline S, Gallo LC, Isasi CR, Cai J, Daviglus ML, Testai FD, DeCarli C, González HM, Ramos AR. Sleep duration and brain MRI measures: Results from the SOL-INCA MRI study. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:641-651. [PMID: 37772658 PMCID: PMC10840814 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sleep duration has been associated with dementia and stroke. Few studies have evaluated sleep pattern-related outcomes of brain disease in diverse Hispanics/Latinos. METHODS The SOL-INCA (Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study recruited diverse Hispanics/Latinos (35-85 years) who underwent neuroimaging. The main exposure was self-reported sleep duration. Our main outcomes were total and regional brain volumes. RESULTS The final analytic sample included n = 2334 participants. Increased sleep was associated with smaller brain volume (βtotal_brain = -0.05, p < 0.01) and consistently so in the 50+ subpopulation even after adjusting for mild cognitive impairment status. Sleeping >9 hours was associated with smaller gray (βcombined_gray = -0.17, p < 0.05) and occipital matter volumes (βoccipital_gray = -0.18, p < 0.05). DISCUSSION We found that longer sleep duration was associated with lower total brain and gray matter volume among diverse Hispanics/Latinos across sex and background. These results reinforce the importance of sleep on brain aging in this understudied population. HIGHLIGHTS Longer sleep was linked to smaller total brain and gray matter volumes. Longer sleep duration was linked to larger white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) and smaller hippocampal volume in an obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) risk group. These associations were consistent across sex and Hispanic/Latino heritage groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A. González
- Department of Neurosciences and Shiley‐Marcos Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterUniversity of California San Diego School of MedicineSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Wassim Tarraf
- Department of Healthcare Sciences and Institute of GerontologyWayne State UniversityDetroitMichiganUSA
| | - Ariana M. Stickel
- Department of PsychologySan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Sonya Kaur
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFloridaUSA
| | - Christian Agudelo
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFloridaUSA
| | - Susan Redline
- Department of MedicineBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Linda C. Gallo
- Department of Psychology and South Bay Latino Research CenterSan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Carmen R. Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology & Population HealthAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkUSA
| | - Jianwen Cai
- Department of BiostatisticsUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Martha L. Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health ResearchCollege of MedicineUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Fernando D. Testai
- Department of Neurology and RehabilitationUniversity of Illinois College of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Charles DeCarli
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of California DavisSacramentoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Hector M. González
- Department of Neurosciences and Shiley‐Marcos Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterUniversity of California San Diego School of MedicineSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Alberto R. Ramos
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFloridaUSA
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18
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Reynolds ML, Loehr LR, Hogan SL, Hu Y, Isasi CR, Cordero C, Ricardo AC, Lash JP, Derebail VK. Prevalence of infertility and pregnancy loss among individuals with kidney disease in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. Womens Health (Lond) 2024; 20:17455057231224544. [PMID: 38279825 PMCID: PMC10822089 DOI: 10.1177/17455057231224544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hispanic/Latino individuals are less likely to receive optimal treatment for chronic kidney disease than non-Hispanic whites. This may be particularly detrimental for women of reproductive age as chronic kidney disease increases risk for infertility, menstrual irregularities, and pregnancy loss. While these maternal outcomes have been associated with advanced chronic kidney disease, their occurrence in early chronic kidney disease is unclear. OBJECTIVES/DESIGN Using baseline (2008-2011) and second study visit (2014-2017) data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, we retrospectively assessed the prevalence of chronic kidney disease as well as the association between chronic kidney disease and self-reported infertility, cessation of menses, hysterectomy, and nonviable pregnancy loss (experienced at less than 24 weeks gestation) in women of reproductive age (18-45 years). METHODS Multivariable survey logistic regression analyses determined the unadjusted and multivariable-adjusted prevalence odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals between chronic kidney disease and the separate outcomes. RESULTS Among 2589 Hispanic/Latino women included (mean age = 31.4 years), 4.6% were considered to have chronic kidney disease. In adjusted analyses, women with chronic kidney disease did not have a significantly increased odds of infertility (odds ratio = 1.02, 95% confidence interval = 0.42-2.49), cessation of menses (odds ratio = 1.25, 95% confidence interval = 0.52-3.04), or hysterectomy (odds ratio = 1.17, 95% confidence interval = 0.61-2.25) compared to those without chronic kidney disease. In those with chronic kidney disease, the adjusted odds of a nonviable pregnancy loss occurring after baseline visit were increased (odds ratio = 2.11, 95% confidence interval = 0.63-7.02) but not statistically significance. CONCLUSION The presence of early stage chronic kidney disease did not confer a significant risk of infertility, cessation of menses, or nonviable pregnancy loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica L Reynolds
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Laura R Loehr
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Susan L Hogan
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yichun Hu
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Christina Cordero
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Ana C Ricardo
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - James P Lash
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vimal K Derebail
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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19
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Potochnick S, Mikkelsen I, Gallo LC, Isasi CR, Gonzalez F, Perreira KM. Immigrant Parent Legal Status and Children's Health in the Hispanic Community Health Study of Latino Youth (SOL Youth). J Immigr Minor Health 2023:10.1007/s10903-023-01573-3. [PMID: 38158543 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-023-01573-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
We assess how immigrant parent legal status shapes children's physical and mental health. Using the Hispanic Community Health Study of Latino Youth-a multi-site dataset-we evaluated mean differences in multiple physical and mental health indicators and parents' and children's stress and resilience by parents' (primarily mothers') legal status (N = 1177). We estimated regression models of two overall child health outcomes-allostatic load and any internalized disorder. Average allostatic load was 28% higher (0.36 standard deviations) and average prevalence of any internalizing disorder was 16% points greater for children of foreign-born unauthorized versus US-born parents. Higher levels of socioeconomic and acculturative stress contributed to children of foreign-born unauthorized parents' heightened health risk, while resilience factors-parental health and familial support-protected their health. Children with unauthorized immigrant parents experience both negative physical and mental health outcomes that can have potential long-term costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Potochnick
- Sociology Department, University of North Carolina Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA.
| | - Ian Mikkelsen
- Public Policy Department, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Linda C Gallo
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Franklyn Gonzalez
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Krista M Perreira
- Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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20
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Suglia SF, Crookes DM, Belak L, Cammack AL, Clark TL, Daviglus M, Gallo LC, Perreira KM, Delamater AM, Isasi CR. Current Family Functioning and Youth Cardiometabolic Health in the SOL Youth Study. Int J Behav Med 2023; 30:914-923. [PMID: 36624323 PMCID: PMC10754224 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-022-10148-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Family functioning may impact children's cardiometabolic health; however, few studies have examined multiple cardiometabolic markers among a diverse racial/ethnic cohort. The relationship between child- and caregiver-reported family functioning and the cardiometabolic health of Hispanic/Latino youth was examined. METHOD Data were from the Hispanic Community Children's Health Study/Study of Latino Youth (SOL Youth) (2012-2014), a population-based cohort study of children and adolescents whose parents participated in the HCHS/SOL (2008-2011). The relationship between youth- and caregiver-rated family functioning, and concordance of ratings is modeled, utilizing the general functioning subscale of the McMaster Family Assessment Device with youth objective cardiometabolic health markers (obesity, central adiposity, prediabetes/diabetes, prehypertension/hypertension, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol) adjusting for sociodemographic factors. RESULTS Among boys, child/caregiver concordant ineffective family functioning rating was associated with higher cumulative cardiometabolic risk (adjusted B (95% CI): 0.30 (0.04, 0.56)), but no association was observed among girls (adjusted B (95% CI): 0.04 (-0.13, 0.21)). Among girls, ineffective child rating/effective caregiver rating was associated with higher cumulative cardiometabolic risk (adjusted B (95% CI): 0.27 (0.06, 0.48)), but no association was observed among boys (adjusted B (95% CI): 0.02 (-0.23, 0.27). CONCLUSION Findings suggest that family functioning among this Hispanic/Latino population may influence cardiometabolic risk among youth. Observed differences in the associations by youth sex and concordant/discordant reports of family functioning suggest interventions at the family level, targeting both caregivers and youth, that consider differential sex effects are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakira F Suglia
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Danielle M Crookes
- Department of Health Sciences, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Department of Sociology & Anthropology, College of Social Sciences & Humanities, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lauren Belak
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Alison L Cammack
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Taylor L Clark
- SDSU/UC San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Linda C Gallo
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Krista M Perreira
- Department of Social Medicine, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alan M Delamater
- Department of Pediatrics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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Filigrana P, Moon JY, Gallo LC, Fernández-Rhodes L, Perreira KM, Daviglus ML, Thyagarajan B, Garcia-Bedoya OL, Cai J, Lipton RB, Kaplan RC, Gonzalez HM, Isasi CR. Childhood and Life-Course Socioeconomic Position and Cognitive Function in the Adult Population of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. Am J Epidemiol 2023; 192:2006-2017. [PMID: 37420108 PMCID: PMC10988221 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwad157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The Hispanic/Latino population experiences socioeconomic adversities across the lifespan and is at greater risk of cognitive impairment, yet little is known about the role of life-course socioeconomic position (SEP) in cognitive function in this population. Using baseline data (2008-2011) from adults (aged 45-74 years) of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, we assessed the association between childhood SEP and socioeconomic mobility with cognitive function, and whether this association was mediated by midlife SEP. Childhood SEP was assessed using parental education. An index combining participants' education and household income represented midlife SEP. Socioeconomic mobility was categorized as stable low, downward or upward mobility, and stable high-SEP. Cognitive function measures were modeled using survey linear regression with inverse-probability weighting, accounting for covariates. We used mediation analysis to estimate the indirect effect of childhood SEP on cognition through midlife SEP. High childhood SEP was associated with global cognition in adulthood (coefficient for parental education beyond high school vs. less than high school = 0.26, 95% confidence interval: 0.15, 0.37). This association was partially mediated through midlife SEP (indirect effect coefficient = 0.16, 95% confidence interval: 0.15, 0.18). Low SEP through the life course was associated with the lowest cognitive function. This study provides evidence that life-course SEP influences cognitive performance in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Filigrana
- Correspondence to Dr. Paola Filigrana, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Belfer Building-Room 1308, Bronx, NY 10461 (e-mail: )
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22
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Vatavuk-Serrati G, Kershaw KN, Sotres-Alvarez D, Perreira KM, Guadamuz JS, Isasi CR, Hirsch JA, Van Horn LV, Daviglus ML, Albrecht SS. Residence in Hispanic/Latino Immigrant Neighborhoods, Away-From-Home Food Consumption, and Diet Quality: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. J Acad Nutr Diet 2023; 123:1596-1605.e2. [PMID: 37355040 PMCID: PMC10592543 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2023.06.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hispanics/Latinos are disproportionately burdened by nutrition-related diseases but immigrants appear healthier than their US-born counterparts. Neighborhoods characterized by high Hispanic/Latino immigrant segregation may provide environments to support healthier diets. OBJECTIVE To examine whether or not Hispanic/Latino immigrant segregation is associated with frequency of away-from-home food consumption and diet quality in a large, diverse sample of Hispanic/Latino adults. DESIGN Cross-sectional baseline data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos were analyzed (2008-2011). Residential addresses were geocoded and linked to census tract-level 2008-2012 American Community Survey data. Hispanic/Latino immigrant segregation was characterized using the local Getis-Ord Gi∗ statistic, a spatial clustering measure that quantifies the extent to which demographically similar neighborhoods group together. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Participants were 15,661 adults in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, a population-based study of Hispanic/Latinos aged 18 to 74 years from 4 US regions (Bronx, NY; Chicago, IL; Miami, FL; and San Diego, CA). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Away-from-home food consumption was assessed using a modified dietary behavior questionnaire. Diet quality was assessed using the Alternate Healthy Eating Index 2010 (range = 0 to 110) from two 24-hour recalls. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Multilevel linear and logistic regression with multilevel weights were used to estimate associations between Hispanic/Latino immigrant segregation (low, medium, or high) with Alternate Healthy Eating Index 2010 score, and away-from-home food consumption (≥3 vs <3 times/week) in separate models, respectively. The mediating role of neighborhood poverty and whether or not associations differed by nativity were also assessed. RESULTS Higher levels of segregation were associated with higher adjusted mean Alternate Healthy Eating Index 2010 scores; estimates were further magnified after accounting for neighborhood poverty (low segregation: reference category; medium segregation: β = 2.43, 95% CI 1.10 to 3.77; and high segregation: β = 1.63, 95% CI .43 to 2.82). Associations were strongest among the foreign-born compared with the US-born. There was no association between segregation and away-from-home food consumption. CONCLUSIONS These results highlight the potential role of Hispanic/Latino immigrant neighborhoods in supporting healthy diets among residents, especially immigrants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Vatavuk-Serrati
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Kiarri N Kershaw
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Daniela Sotres-Alvarez
- Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Krista M Perreira
- Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Jenny S Guadamuz
- University of Southern California School of Pharmacy, Los Angeles, California
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Jana A Hirsch
- Urban Health Collaborative, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Linda V Van Horn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Martha L Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sandra S Albrecht
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York.
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23
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Pirzada A, Cai J, Cordero C, Gallo LC, Isasi CR, Kunz J, Thyagaragan B, Wassertheil-Smoller S, Daviglus ML. Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease: Knowledge Gained from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2023; 25:785-793. [PMID: 37773246 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-023-01152-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) has made important contributions on the prevalence of and factors associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among diverse Hispanic/Latino adults in the US. This article summarizes the knowledge gained thus far on major CVD risk factors from this landmark study. RECENT FINDINGS HCHS/SOL demonstrated the sizeable burdens of CVD risk in all major Hispanic/Latino groups in the US, as well as the marked variations in prevalence of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, obesity, and smoking by sex and background. It also identified sociodemographic, lifestyle, and sociocultural characteristics associated with risk factors. HCHS/SOL has yielded an expanding body of literature on characteristics associated with adverse CVD risk factors in this population. Long-term follow-up of this cohort will shed further light on the observed heterogeneity in CVD risk across Hispanic/Latino groups and identify specific risk/protective factors driving these variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Pirzada
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois Chicago, 1819 W. Polk Street, Suite 246, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
| | - Jianwen Cai
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Linda C Gallo
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - John Kunz
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Bharat Thyagaragan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Martha L Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois Chicago, 1819 W. Polk Street, Suite 246, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
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Gonzalez CJ, LeCroy MN, Daviglus ML, Van Horn L, Gallo LC, Gonzalez F, Perreira KM, Llabre MM, Shapiro MF, Isasi CR. Cultural and neighborhood characteristics associated with activity-specific parenting practices in Hispanic/Latino youth: a secondary analysis of the Hispanic Community Children's health study/study of Latino youth. J Behav Med 2023; 46:732-744. [PMID: 36732448 PMCID: PMC10558378 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-023-00395-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Hispanic/Latino youth are less physically active than non-Hispanic/Latino youth. We assessed whether activity-specific parenting practices relate to moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior among Hispanic/Latino youth, and whether cultural (acculturation) and neighborhood characteristics (perceived barriers to activity) relate to the use of parenting practice patterns. Using the Hispanic Community Children's Health Study/Study of Latino Youth (SOL Youth, n = 976 8-16-year-olds), we modeled linear regression associations between parenting practices and mean daily MVPA and sedentary behavior. Parenting practice patterns were then developed using k-means cluster analysis, and regressed on parental acculturation and neighborhood characteristics. Discipline predicted higher MVPA in females (β 1.89 [95% CI 0.11-3.67]), while Monitoring/Reinforcement predicted higher MVPA in males (β 4.71 [95% CI 0.68-8.74]). Three patterns were then identified: Negative Reinforcement (high Limit Setting and Discipline use), Positive Reinforcement (high Limit Setting and Monitoring/Reinforcement use), and Permissive Parenting (low parenting practice use). Higher acculturation predicted use of Positive Reinforcement. Activity-specific parenting practices are associated with activity in sex-specific ways among Hispanic/Latino youth, and cultural factors predict the use of parenting practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Gonzalez
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 420 E 70Th St., LH-300, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| | - Madison N LeCroy
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Martha L Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1819 W. Polk Street, Suite 246 (M/C 764), Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Linda Van Horn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 580 North Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Linda C Gallo
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Franklyn Gonzalez
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 123 W. Franklin St., CB# 8030, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516, USA
| | - Krista M Perreira
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 333 South Columbia Street, CB #7240, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Maria M Llabre
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, P.O. Box 248185, Coral Gables, FL, 33124, USA
| | - Martin F Shapiro
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 420 E 70Th St., LH-300, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
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Houghton LC, Paniagua-Avila A, Hua S, Terry MB, McDonald JA, Ulanday KT, van Horn L, Carnethon MR, Isasi CR. Immigrant generation status and its association with pubertal timing and tempo among Hispanic girls and boys. Am J Hum Biol 2023; 35:e23940. [PMID: 37338197 PMCID: PMC10621780 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In the United States, Hispanic-Latino children reach puberty earlier on average than non-Hispanic white children. Yet among U.S. Hispanic/Latino children, pubertal timing comparisons between immigrant generations have not been made, hence we examined whether pubertal timing differs by immigrant generational status, independent of BMI and acculturation measures. METHODS Cross-sectional data on 724 boys and 735 girls, aged 10-15 years, from the Hispanic Community Children's Health Study/Study of Latino (SOL) Youth, were used to predict the median ages of thelarche, pubarche, and menarche in girls, and pubarche and voice change in boys, using Weibull survival models, while adjusting for SOL center, BMI, and acculturation. RESULTS In girls, the first generation began thelarche earlier than second and third generations (median age [years] [95% confidence interval]: 7.4 [6.1, 8.8] vs. 8.5 [7.3, 9.7] and 9.1 [7.6, 10.7], respectively), but began menarche later (12.9 [12.0,137] vs. 11.8 [11.0, 12.5] and 11.6 [10.6, 12.6], respectively). Pubertal timing and tempo for boys did not differ by generational status. CONCLUSIONS First-generation U.S. Hispanic/Latino girls had the earliest thelarche, latest menarche and longest pubertal tempo, compared to second and third generations. Factors beyond BMI and acculturation may account for the differences in pubertal timing by generational status of U.S. Hispanic/Latino girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren C Houghton
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alejandra Paniagua-Avila
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Simin Hua
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mary Beth Terry
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jasmine A McDonald
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kathleene T Ulanday
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Linda van Horn
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Mercedes R Carnethon
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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Abasilim C, Persky V, Sargis RM, Argos M, Daviglus ML, Freels S, Tsintsifas K, Day T, Cai J, Isasi CR, Peters BA, Talavera GA, Thyagarajan B, Turyk ME. Correction to: Association of Acculturation and Hispanic/Latino Background with Endogenous Sex and Thyroid-Related Hormones Among Middle-Aged and Older Hispanic/Latino Adults: the HCHS/SOL Study. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2023:10.1007/s40615-023-01802-3. [PMID: 37725253 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-023-01802-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chibuzor Abasilim
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Victoria Persky
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Robert M Sargis
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago and Medical Service, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Maria Argos
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Martha L Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sally Freels
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Konstantina Tsintsifas
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Tessa Day
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jianwen Cai
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Brandilyn A Peters
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Gregory A Talavera
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Bharat Thyagarajan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Mary E Turyk
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Carlson JA, Hibbing PR, Forseth B, Diaz KM, Sotres‐Alvarez D, Bejarano CM, Duran AT, Castañeda SF, Garcia ML, Perreira KM, Daviglus ML, Van Horn L, Gellman MD, Isasi CR, Cai J, Delamater AM, Staggs VS, Thyfault J, Gallo LC. Sedentary Bout Patterns and Metabolic Health in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latino Youth (SOL Youth). J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e028495. [PMID: 37681558 PMCID: PMC10547284 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.028495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Background There is limited evidence on the potential negative metabolic health impacts of prolonged and uninterrupted sedentary bouts in structurally disadvantaged youth. This study investigated associations between sedentary bout variables and metabolic health markers in the Hispanic Community Health Study/SOL Youth (Study of Latino Youth). Methods and Results SOL Youth was a population-based cohort of 1466 youth (age range, 8-16 years; 48.5% female); 957 youth were included in the analytic sample based on complete data. Accelerometers measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), total sedentary time, and sedentary bout patterns (daily time spent in sedentary bouts ≥30 minutes, median sedentary bout duration, and number of daily breaks from sedentary time). Clinical measures included body mass index, waist circumference, fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin, fasting insulin, and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance. After adjusting for sociodemographics, total sedentary time, and MVPA, longer median bout durations and fewer sedentary breaks were associated with a greater body mass index percentile (bbouts=0.09 and bbreaks=-0.18), waist circumference (bbouts=0.12 and bbreaks=-0.20), and fasting insulin (bbouts=0.09 and bbreaks=-0.21). Fewer breaks were also associated with a greater homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (b=-0.21). More time in bouts lasting ≥30 minutes was associated with a greater fasting glucose (b=0.18) and glycated hemoglobin (b=0.19). Conclusions Greater accumulation of sedentary time in prolonged and uninterrupted bouts had adverse associations with adiposity and glycemic control over and above total sedentary time and MVPA. Findings suggest interventions in Hispanic/Latino youth targeting both ends of the activity spectrum (more MVPA and less prolonged/uninterrupted sedentary patterns) may provide greater health benefits than those targeting only MVPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan A. Carlson
- Center for Children’s Healthy Lifestyles & Nutrition, Children’s Mercy Kansas CityKansas CityMO
- University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS
- Department of PediatricsChildren’s Mercy Kansas City and University of Missouri Kansas CityKansas CityMO
| | - Paul R. Hibbing
- Center for Children’s Healthy Lifestyles & Nutrition, Children’s Mercy Kansas CityKansas CityMO
| | - Bethany Forseth
- Center for Children’s Healthy Lifestyles & Nutrition, Children’s Mercy Kansas CityKansas CityMO
- University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS
| | - Keith M. Diaz
- Center for Behavioral Cardiovascular HealthColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNY
| | - Daniela Sotres‐Alvarez
- Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, Department of BiostatisticsUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC
| | - Carolina M. Bejarano
- Division of Behavioral Medicine & Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOH
| | - Andrea T. Duran
- Center for Behavioral Cardiovascular HealthColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNY
| | | | - Melawhy L. Garcia
- Center for Latino Community Health, Evaluation, and Leadership Training, Department of Health ScienceCalifornia State University Long BeachLong BeachCA
| | | | - Martha L. Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL
| | - Linda Van Horn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIL
| | | | - Carmen R. Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNY
| | - Jianwen Cai
- Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, Department of BiostatisticsUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC
| | - Alan M. Delamater
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFL
| | - Vincent S. Staggs
- Department of PediatricsChildren’s Mercy Kansas City and University of Missouri Kansas CityKansas CityMO
- Biostatistics & Epidemiology CoreChildren’s Mercy Research InstituteKansas CityMO
| | - John Thyfault
- Center for Children’s Healthy Lifestyles & Nutrition, Children’s Mercy Kansas CityKansas CityMO
- University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS
- Departments of Cellular and Molecular Physiology and Internal Medicine‐Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS
| | - Linda C. Gallo
- Department of PsychologySan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCA
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April-Sanders AK, Karaboyas A, Yunes M, Norris KC, Dominguez M, Kim RS, Isasi CR, Golestaneh L. Receiving hemodialysis in Hispanic ethnic dense communities is associated with better adherence and outcomes among young patients: a retrospective analysis of the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study. BMC Nephrol 2023; 24:263. [PMID: 37670225 PMCID: PMC10478353 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-023-03297-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hispanic ethnic density (HED) is a marker of better health outcomes among Hispanic patients with chronic disease. It is unclear whether community HED is associated with mortality risk among ethnically diverse patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis. METHODS A retrospective analysis of patients in the United States cohort of the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS) database (2011-2015) was conducted (n = 4226). DOPPS data was linked to the American Community Survey database by dialysis facility zip code to obtain % Hispanic residents (HED). One way ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis tests were used to estimate the association between tertiles of HED with individual demographic, clinical and adherence characteristics, and facility and community attributes. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the mortality hazard ratio (HR) and 95% CIs by tertile of HED, stratified by age; a sandwich estimator was used to account for facility clustering. RESULTS Patients dialyzing in facilities located in the highest HED tertile communities were younger (61.4 vs. 64.4 years), more commonly non-White (62.4% vs. 22.1%), had fewer comorbidities, longer dialysis vintage, and were more adherent to dialysis treatment, but had fewer minutes of dialysis prescribed than those in the lowest tertile. Dialyzing in the highest HED tertile was associated with lower hazard of mortality (HR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.72-1.00), but this association attenuated with the addition of individual race/ethnicity (HR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.78-1.09). In multivariable age-stratified analyses, those younger than 64 showed a lower hazard for mortality in the highest (vs. lowest) HED tertile (HR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.49-0.90). Null associations were observed among patients ≥ 64 years. CONCLUSIONS Treating in communities with greater HED and racial/ethnic integration was associated with lower mortality among younger patients which points to neighborhood context and social cohesion as potential drivers of improved survival outcomes for patients receiving hemodialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayana K April-Sanders
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, 683 Hoes Lane West Piscataway, 08854, NJ, USA.
| | | | - Milagros Yunes
- Renal Division, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Keith C Norris
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Nephrology, University of California Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mary Dominguez
- Renal Division, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Ryung S Kim
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, 10461, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, 10461, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Ladan Golestaneh
- Renal Division, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
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29
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Trifan G, Gallo LC, Lamar M, Garcia-Bedoya O, Perreira KM, Pirzada A, Talavera GA, Smoller SW, Isasi CR, Cai J, Daviglus ML, Testai FD. Association of Unfavorable Social Determinants of Health With Stroke/Transient Ischemic Attack and Vascular Risk Factors in Hispanic/Latino Adults: Results From Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. J Stroke 2023; 25:361-370. [PMID: 37554075 PMCID: PMC10574305 DOI: 10.5853/jos.2023.00626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Social determinants of health (SDOH) are non-medical factors that may contribute to the development of diseases, with a higher representation in underserved populations. Our objective is to determine the association of unfavorable SDOH with self-reported stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA) and vascular risk factors (VRFs) among Hispanic/Latino adults living in the US. METHODS We used cross-sectional data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. SDOH and VRFs were assessed using questionnaires and validated scales and measurements. We investigated the association between the SDOH (individually and as count: ≤1, 2, 3, 4, or ≥5 SDOH), VRFs and stroke/TIA using regression analyses. RESULTS For individuals with stroke/TIA (n=388), the mean age (58.9 years) differed from those without stroke/TIA (n=11,210; 46.8 years; P<0.0001). In bivariate analysis, income <$20,000, education less than high school, no health insurance, perceived discrimination, not currently employed, upper tertile for chronic stress, and lower tertiles for social support and language- and social-based acculturation were associated with stroke/TIA and retained further. A higher number of SDOH was directly associated with all individual VRFs investigated, except for at-risk alcohol, and with number of VRFs (β=0.11, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.09-0.14). In the fully adjusted model, income, discrimination, social support, chronic stress, and employment status were individually associated with stroke/TIA; the odds of stroke/TIA were 2.3 times higher in individuals with 3 SDOH (95% CI 1.6-3.2) and 2.7 times (95% CI 1.9-3.7) for those with ≥5 versus ≤1 SDOH. CONCLUSION Among Hispanic/Latino adults, a higher number of SDOH is associated with increased odds for stroke/TIA and VRFs. The association remained significant after adjustment for VRFs, suggesting involvement of non-vascular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Trifan
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Linda C. Gallo
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Melissa Lamar
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Olga Garcia-Bedoya
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Krista M. Perreira
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Amber Pirzada
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Sylvia W. Smoller
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Carmen R. Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jianwen Cai
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Martha L. Daviglus
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Fernando D. Testai
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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Abasilim C, Persky V, Sargis RM, Argos M, Daviglus ML, Freels S, Tsintsifas K, Day T, Cai J, Isasi CR, Peters BA, Talavera GA, Thyagarajan B, Turyk ME. Association of Acculturation and Hispanic/Latino Background with Endogenous Sex and Thyroid-Related Hormones Among Middle-Aged and Older Hispanic/Latino Adults: the HCHS/SOL Study. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2023:10.1007/s40615-023-01762-8. [PMID: 37620727 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-023-01762-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hormones are linked to cardiometabolic diseases and may be impacted by acculturation though multiple mechanisms. We evaluated associations of Hispanic/Latino background and acculturation with levels of sex- and thyroid-related hormones and the potential mediating effect of adiposity, lifestyle factors, and sleep apnea syndrome on these associations. METHODS We studied 1789 adults, aged 45-74, from a sub-cohort of the Hispanic Community Health Survey/Study of Latinos. Peri/pre-menopausal women and individuals on medications related to hormones were excluded. Our study assessed eleven sex- and thyroid-related hormones, Hispanic/Latino background, and five acculturation measures. Associations were assessed using multivariable linear and logistic regression adjusted for survey design and confounding variables. We explored potential mediation using a path analysis. RESULTS In postmenopausal women, acculturation score-MESA was associated with decreased thyroid-stimulating hormone (β = - 0.13;95%CI = - 0.22, - 0.03) while age at immigration greater than the median (vs US-born) was associated with decreased (β = - 14.6; 95%CI = - 28.2, - 0.99) triiodothyronine (T3). In men, language acculturation and acculturation score-MESA were associated with increased estradiol and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) while age at immigration greater and lesser than the median (vs US-born) was associated with decreased SHBG. Hispanic/Latino background (Mexicans as reference) were selectively associated with sex- and thyroid-related hormone levels in both sexes. Current smoking and sleep apnea syndrome partially mediated the association of Cuban and Puerto Rican heritage (vs Mexican) with T3 levels in men and postmenopausal women, respectively. CONCLUSION Selected acculturation measures were associated with thyroid-related hormones in postmenopausal women and sex-related hormones in men. Understanding the mechanisms involved in the relationship of acculturation and Hispanic/Latino background with hormones warrants additional investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chibuzor Abasilim
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Victoria Persky
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Robert M Sargis
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago and Medical Service, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Maria Argos
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Martha L Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sally Freels
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Konstantina Tsintsifas
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Tessa Day
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jianwen Cai
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Brandilyn A Peters
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Gregory A Talavera
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Bharat Thyagarajan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Mary E Turyk
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Mann M, Harary D, Louis S, Wang T, Bonuck K, Isasi CR, Charron MJ, Fuloria M. Corrigendum: Association of parent-child interactions with parental psychological distress and resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1245866. [PMID: 37670743 PMCID: PMC10476215 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1245866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1150216.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Mana Mann
- Department of Pediatrics, Flushing Hospital Medical Center, Queens, NY, United States
| | - David Harary
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital at Montefiore, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Shirley Louis
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Karen Bonuck
- Department of Family and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women’s Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Carmen R. Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Adolescent Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Maureen J. Charron
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women’s Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Mamta Fuloria
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital at Montefiore, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
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LeCroy MN, Evenson KR, Perreira KM, Van Horn L, Xue X, Gallo LC, Daviglus ML, Isasi CR. Correlations in Siblings' Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior: Results from the Hispanic Community Children's Health Study/Study of Latino Youth. Child Obes 2023. [PMID: 37594772 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2022.0232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Background: Family is an important determinant of youth's health behaviors, yet research on the importance of intragenerational relationships for determining physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviors (SBs) is limited. This study examined correlations in siblings' total PA, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and SB and explored potential determinants of differences in Hispanic/Latino siblings' activity. Methods: Hispanic/Latino 8-16-year olds from the cross-sectional Hispanic Community Children's Health Study/Study of Latino Youth with ≥1 sibling enrolled were examined (n = 535). Activity was assessed using the Actical accelerometer. Linear mixed models were used with total PA, MVPA, or SB as the outcome; correlations among siblings' PA and SB were assessed with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Results: ICCs for siblings' total PA, MVPA, and SB were 0.26 (95% confidence interval: 0.16-0.36), 0.29 (0.21-0.38), and 0.42 (0.34-0.51), respectively. There were no differences in correlations between siblings who were all brothers compared to all sisters. However, compared to siblings of differing sexes, siblings who were all brothers had the strongest correlations in total PA (0.61 [0.46-0.76]) and MVPA (0.64 [0.49-0.78]), and siblings who were all sisters had the weakest correlations in SB (0.14 [-0.10 to 0.37]). Correlations did not differ according to age, and social and environmental measures did not explain differences in siblings' PA or SB. Conclusions: Correlations in Hispanic/Latino siblings' PA and SB ranged from slight to fair, with siblings who were all brothers generally having the strongest correlations. Future research should examine determinants of sex-specific differences in siblings' PA and SB correlations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison N LeCroy
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Kelly R Evenson
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Krista M Perreira
- Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Linda Van Horn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xiaonan Xue
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Linda C Gallo
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, Chula Vista, CA, USA
| | - Martha L Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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Lee ARS, Rodriquez EJ, Gallo LC, Giachello AL, Isasi CR, Perreira KM, Daviglus ML, Kaplan RC, Talavera GA, Pérez-Stable EJ, Oren E. Acculturation level and change in cigarette consumption behaviors among diverse Hispanics/Latinos: the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. Ann Epidemiol 2023; 84:33-40. [PMID: 37164291 PMCID: PMC11027575 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study associations between language acculturation level and changes in cigarette consumption among the diverse and growing U.S.-based Hispanic/Latino population and inform culturally tailored smoking prevention and cessation strategies. METHODS In the Hispanic Community Health Survey/Study of Latinos cohort, we used cigarette consumption behaviors at baseline (2008-2011) and follow-up (2014-2017) and a modified Short Acculturation Scale for Hispanics (SASH) language subscale to measure associations of language acculturation (unidimensional) with changes in cigarette consumption and quitting rates. Weighted multivariable linear and logistic regressions were stratified by daily (n = 1397) and nondaily (n = 633) smoking, and either sex, educational attainment, or migration status. RESULTS Smokers at baseline (n = 2030) on average were aged 42 years old (SE = 0.5) with a mean SASH-language score of 2.3 (SE = 0.1; range = 1-5), indicating more Spanish language use. Among male daily smokers, we observed increases in smoked cigarettes-per-day (CPD) with unit increases in SASH-language score (1.08, 95% CI: 0.24-1.92). Associations with acculturation trended toward greater increases in CPD and lower odds of quitting as educational attainment increased. CONCLUSIONS Language acculturation level is an important determinant for increased smoking behaviors, particularly among men. Our findings are significant in informing smoking reduction programs for the Hispanic/Latino population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne R S Lee
- School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182; Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093.
| | - Erik J Rodriquez
- Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, 10 Center Drive, Room 9D58, Bethesda, MD
| | - Linda C Gallo
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182
| | - Aida L Giachello
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, 680 N Lake Shore Dr, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461
| | - Krista M Perreira
- Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 333 S. Columbia Street, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Martha L Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1819 W. Polk Street, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Robert C Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461; Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA 98109
| | - Gregory A Talavera
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182
| | - Eliseo J Pérez-Stable
- Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, 10 Center Drive, Room 9D58, Bethesda, MD; Office of the Director, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Eyal Oren
- School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182
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Cortés YI, Cai J, Daviglus M, Gallo LC, Lamar M, Isasi CR, Perreira KM. Reproductive period duration and cognitive function in postmenopausal Latina women in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). Maturitas 2023; 174:23-29. [PMID: 37224791 PMCID: PMC10832364 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2023.04.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A shorter reproductive period, a marker of estrogen exposure, has been related to cognitive impairment among older (>65 years) non-Hispanic White women. We explored whether reproductive period duration, age at menarche, and age at menopause are related to cognitive function among postmenopausal Hispanic/Latina women. METHODS This cross-sectional analysis used baseline (Visit 1: 2008-2011) data from 3630 postmenopausal women in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. Reproductive period duration, age at menarche, and age at menopause were assessed by self-report. Cognitive function variables included global cognition, verbal learning, memory, verbal fluency, and processing speed. Associations between each reproductive event and cognitive function were examined using multivariable linear and logistic regression analyses accounting for the complex survey design of the study and adjusting for socio-demographics, parity, and cardiovascular risk factors. We assessed whether associations differed by type of menopause (natural versus surgical) and hormone therapy use. RESULTS The study population was on average aged 59 years, with a mean reproductive period duration of 35 years. Older age at menopause and a longer reproductive period were related to higher verbal learning (β = 0.04, SE = 0.02; p < 0.05) and processing speed (ß = 0.16, SE = 0.04; p < 0.001); associations were more pronounced for women with natural menopause. Older age at menarche was associated with lower scores on the digit symbol substitution test (ß = -0.62, SE = 0.15; p < 0.0001). There were no associations with global cognition. CONCLUSION Among postmenopausal Hispanic/Latinas, a longer reproductive period was related to more favorable cognitive measures of verbal learning and processing speed. Our findings support the hypothesis that greater lifetime exposure to estrogens may be associated with higher cognitive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamnia I Cortés
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Nursing, Carrington Hall Campus Box 7460, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Jianwen Cai
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Gillings School of Public Health, 135 Dauer Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Martha Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, 1737 West Polk Street, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Linda C Gallo
- Department of Psychology and South Bay Latino Research Center, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Melissa Lamar
- Institute for Minority Health Research, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, 1737 West Polk Street, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, 17590 W Harrison Street, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Krista M Perreira
- Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, MacNider Hall Campus Box, 724, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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Mann M, Harary D, Louis S, Wang T, Bonuck K, Isasi CR, Charron MJ, Fuloria M. Association of parent-child interactions with parental psychological distress and resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1150216. [PMID: 37425276 PMCID: PMC10326543 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1150216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The effects of psychological distress/resilience on parent-child engagement (e.g., family dinners, reading) during the COVID-19 pandemic have not been well studied. Among very young children from underrepresented backgrounds enrolled in the ongoing longitudinal Bronx Mother Baby Health Study of healthy term infants, we (1) examined associations between exposures to COVID-19-related events, demographic factors and parental psychological distress and resilience; and (2) correlated these factors with parent-child engagement activities. Methods Between June 2020-August 2021, parents of 105 Bronx Mother Baby Health Study participants aged birth-25 months completed questionnaires related to exposures to COVID-19-related events, frequency of positive parent-child engagement activities, food and housing insecurity, and parental psychological distress and resilience. Families were also asked open ended questions about the pandemic's impact. Results 29.8% and 47.6% of parents reported food and housing insecurity, respectively. Greater exposures to COVID-19-related events were associated with increased parental psychological distress. Positive parent-child interactions were associated with demographic factors and higher levels of maternal education, but not with exposures to COVID-19-related events. Discussion This study adds to a growing body of literature on the negative impacts of COVID-19 exposures and psychosocial stressors on families during the pandemic, supporting the need for enhanced mental health resources and social supports for families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mana Mann
- Department of Pediatrics, Flushing Hospital Medical Center, Queens, NY, United States
| | - David Harary
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital at Montefiore, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Shirley Louis
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Karen Bonuck
- Department of Family and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women’s Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Carmen R. Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Adolescent Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Maureen J. Charron
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women’s Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Mamta Fuloria
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital at Montefiore, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
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Persky V, Abasilim C, Tsintsifas K, Day T, Sargis RM, Daviglus ML, Cai J, Freels S, Unterman T, Chavez N, Kaplan R, Isasi CR, Pirzada A, Meyer ML, Talavera GA, Thyagarajan B, Peters BA, Madrigal JM, Grieco A, Turyk ME. Sex Hormones and Diabetes in 45- to 74-year-old Men and Postmenopausal Women: The Hispanic Community Health Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:1709-1726. [PMID: 36633580 PMCID: PMC10271226 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies demonstrated associations of endogenous sex hormones with diabetes. Less is known about their dynamic relationship with diabetes progression through different stages of the disease, independence of associations, and role of the hypothalamic-pituitary gonadal axis. The purpose of this analysis was to examine relationships of endogenous sex hormones with incident diabetes, prediabetes, and diabetes traits in 693 postmenopausal women and 1015 men aged 45 to 74 years without diabetes at baseline participating in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos and followed for 6 years. Baseline hormones included estradiol, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), and, in men, testosterone and bioavailable testosterone. Associations were analyzed using multivariable Poisson and linear regressions. In men, testosterone was inversely associated with conversion from prediabetes to diabetes (incidence rate ratio [IRR] for 1 SD increase in testosterone: 0.821; 95% CI, 0.676, 0.997; P = 0.046), but not conversion from normoglycemia to prediabetes. Estradiol was positively associated with increase in fasting insulin and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance. In women, SHBG was inversely associated with change in glycosylated hemoglobin, postload glucose, and conversion from prediabetes to diabetes (IRR = 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44, 0.86, P = 0.005) but not from normoglycemia to prediabetes. Relationships with other hormones varied across glycemic measures. Stronger associations of testosterone and SHBG with transition from prediabetes to diabetes than from normoglycemic to prediabetes suggest they are operative at later stages of diabetes development. Biologic pathways by which sex hormones affect glucose homeostasis await future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Persky
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL,USA
| | - Chibuzor Abasilim
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL,USA
| | - Konstantina Tsintsifas
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL,USA
| | - Tessa Day
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL,USA
| | - Robert M Sargis
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago and Medical Service, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL,USA
| | - Martha L Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL,USA
| | - Jianwen Cai
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC,USA
| | - Sally Freels
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL,USA
| | - Terry Unterman
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago and Medical Service, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL,USA
| | - Noel Chavez
- Division of Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL,USA
| | - Robert Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Amber Pirzada
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL,USA
| | - Michelle L Meyer
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC,USA
| | | | - Bharat Thyagarajan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Brandilyn A Peters
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jessica M Madrigal
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL,USA
| | - Arielle Grieco
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL,USA
| | - Mary E Turyk
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL,USA
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Kurniansyah N, Goodman MO, Khan AT, Wang J, Feofanova E, Bis JC, Wiggins KL, Huffman JE, Kelly T, Elfassy T, Guo X, Palmas W, Lin HJ, Hwang SJ, Gao Y, Young K, Kinney GL, Smith JA, Yu B, Liu S, Wassertheil-Smoller S, Manson JE, Zhu X, Chen YDI, Lee IT, Gu CC, Lloyd-Jones DM, Zöllner S, Fornage M, Kooperberg C, Correa A, Psaty BM, Arnett DK, Isasi CR, Rich SS, Kaplan RC, Redline S, Mitchell BD, Franceschini N, Levy D, Rotter JI, Morrison AC, Sofer T. Evaluating the use of blood pressure polygenic risk scores across race/ethnic background groups. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3202. [PMID: 37268629 PMCID: PMC10238525 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38990-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We assess performance and limitations of polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for multiple blood pressure (BP) phenotypes in diverse population groups. We compare "clumping-and-thresholding" (PRSice2) and LD-based (LDPred2) methods to construct PRSs from each of multiple GWAS, as well as multi-PRS approaches that sum PRSs with and without weights, including PRS-CSx. We use datasets from the MGB Biobank, TOPMed study, UK biobank, and from All of Us to train, assess, and validate PRSs in groups defined by self-reported race/ethnic background (Asian, Black, Hispanic/Latino, and White). For both SBP and DBP, the PRS-CSx based PRS, constructed as a weighted sum of PRSs developed from multiple independent GWAS, perform best across all race/ethnic backgrounds. Stratified analysis in All of Us shows that PRSs are better predictive of BP in females compared to males, individuals without obesity, and middle-aged (40-60 years) compared to older and younger individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuzulul Kurniansyah
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew O Goodman
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alyna T Khan
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jiongming Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Elena Feofanova
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kerri L Wiggins
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jennifer E Huffman
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center (MAVERIC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tanika Kelly
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Tali Elfassy
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Walter Palmas
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Henry J Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Shih-Jen Hwang
- The Population Sciences Branch of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Yan Gao
- The Jackson Heart Study, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Kendra Young
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Gregory L Kinney
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Bing Yu
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Simin Liu
- Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health, Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Sylvia Wassertheil-Smoller
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - I-Te Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City, 40705, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
| | - C Charles Gu
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Sebastian Zöllner
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Donna K Arnett
- Office of the Provost, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Robert C Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Susan Redline
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Braxton D Mitchell
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Daniel Levy
- The Population Sciences Branch of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
- CardioVascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
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38
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Stickel AM, Tarraf W, González KA, Ivanovic V, Morlett Paredes A, Zeng D, Cai J, Isasi CR, Kaplan R, Lipton RB, Daviglus M, Testai FD, Lamar M, Gallo LC, Talavera GA, Gellman MD, Ramos AR, González HM, DeCarli C. Characterizing age- and sex-related differences in brain structure among middle-aged and older Hispanic/Latino adults in the study of Latinos- investigation of neurocognitive aging magnetic resonance imaging (SOL-INCA MRI). Neurobiol Aging 2023; 126:58-66. [PMID: 36933278 PMCID: PMC10363333 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Hispanic/Latino adults are a growing segment of the older U.S. population yet are underrepresented in brain aging research. We aimed to characterize brain aging among diverse Hispanic/Latino individuals. Hispanic/Latino individuals (unweighted n = 2273 ages 35-85 years; 56% female) from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) population-based study underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as part of the SOL- Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging MRI (SOL-INCA-MRI) ancillary study (2018-2022). We performed linear regressions to calculate age associations with brain volumes for each outcome (total (global) brain, hippocampal, lateral ventricle, total white matter hyperintensity (WMH), individual cortical lobar, and total cortical gray matter) and tested modification by sex. Older age was associated with smaller gray matter volumes and larger lateral ventricle and WMH volumes. Age-related differences in global brain volumes and gray matter volumes in specific regions (i.e., the hippocampus and temporal and occipital lobes) were less pronounced among women. Our findings warrant further investigation into sex-specific mechanisms of brain aging using longitudinal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariana M Stickel
- Department of Neurosciences and Shiley-Marcos Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Wassim Tarraf
- Institute of Gerontology & Department of Healthcare Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Kevin A González
- Department of Neurosciences and Shiley-Marcos Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Vladamir Ivanovic
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Alejandra Morlett Paredes
- Department of Neurosciences and Shiley-Marcos Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Donglin Zeng
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jianwen Cai
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Robert Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Richard B Lipton
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Martha Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Fernando D Testai
- Department of Neurology & Neurorehabilitation, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Melissa Lamar
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Rush Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Linda C Gallo
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Gregory A Talavera
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Marc D Gellman
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Alberto R Ramos
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Hector M González
- Department of Neurosciences and Shiley-Marcos Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Charles DeCarli
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
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Fernández-Rhodes L, McArdle CE, Rao H, Wang Y, Martinez-Miller EE, Ward JB, Cai J, Sofer T, Isasi CR, North KE. A Gene-Acculturation Study of Obesity Among US Hispanic/Latinos: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. Psychosom Med 2023; 85:358-365. [PMID: 36917487 PMCID: PMC10159946 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000001193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In the United States, Hispanic/Latino adults face a high burden of obesity; yet, not all individuals are equally affected, partly due in part to this ethnic group's marked sociocultural diversity. We sought to analyze the modification of body mass index (BMI) genetic effects in Hispanic/Latino adults by their level of acculturation, a complex biosocial phenomenon that remains understudied. METHODS Among 11,747 Hispanic/Latinos adults in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos aged 18 to 76 years from four urban communities (2008-2011), we a) tested our hypothesis that the effect of a genetic risk score (GRS) for increased BMI may be exacerbated by higher levels of acculturation and b) examined if GRS acculturation interactions varied by gender or Hispanic/Latino background group. All genetic modeling controlled for relatedness, age, gender, principal components of ancestry, center, and complex study design within a generalized estimated equation framework. RESULTS We observed a GRS increase of 0.34 kg/m 2 per risk allele in weighted mean BMI. The estimated main effect of GRS on BMI varied both across acculturation level and across gender. The difference between high and low acculturation ranged from 0.03 to 0.23 kg/m 2 per risk allele, but varied across acculturation measure and gender. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest the presence of effect modification by acculturation, with stronger effects on BMI among highly acculturated individuals and female immigrants. Future studies of obesity in the Hispanic/Latino community should account for sociocultural environments and consider their intersection with gender to better target obesity interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay Fernández-Rhodes
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Cristin E. McArdle
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - Hridya Rao
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - Yujie Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Erline E. Martinez-Miller
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Julia B. Ward
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
- Social & Scientific Systems, a DLH Holdings Company, Durham, NC
| | - Jianwen Cai
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Carmen R. Isasi
- Departments of Epidemiology & Population Health and Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
- Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
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40
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Pirzada A, Cai J, Heiss G, Sotres-Alvarez D, Gallo LC, Youngblood ME, Avilés-Santa ML, González HM, Isasi CR, Kaplan R, Kunz J, Lash JP, Lee DJ, Llabre MM, Penedo FJ, Rodriguez CJ, Schneiderman N, Sofer T, Talavera GA, Thyagarajan B, Wassertheil-Smoller S, Daviglus ML. Evolving Science on Cardiovascular Disease Among Hispanic/Latino Adults: JACC International. J Am Coll Cardiol 2023; 81:1505-1520. [PMID: 37045521 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
The landmark, multicenter HCHS/SOL (Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos) is the largest, most comprehensive, longitudinal community-based cohort study to date of diverse Hispanic/Latino persons in the United States. The HCHS/SOL aimed to address the dearth of comprehensive data on risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and other chronic diseases in this population and has expanded considerably in scope since its inception. This paper describes the aims/objectives and data collection of the HCHS/SOL and its ancillary studies to date and highlights the critical and sizable contributions made by the study to understanding the prevalence of and changes in CVD risk/protective factors and the burden of CVD and related chronic conditions among adults of diverse Hispanic/Latino backgrounds. The continued follow-up of this cohort will allow in-depth investigations on cardiovascular and pulmonary outcomes in this population, and data from the ongoing ancillary studies will facilitate generation of new hypotheses and study questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Pirzada
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
| | - Jianwen Cai
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Gerardo Heiss
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Daniela Sotres-Alvarez
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Linda C Gallo
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Marston E Youngblood
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - M Larissa Avilés-Santa
- Division of Clinical and Health Services Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Hector M González
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Robert Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - John Kunz
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - James P Lash
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - David J Lee
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Maria M Llabre
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Frank J Penedo
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Carlos J Rodriguez
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | | | - Tamar Sofer
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gregory A Talavera
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Bharat Thyagarajan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sylvia Wassertheil-Smoller
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Martha L Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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41
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Isasi CR, Gallo LC, Cai J, Gellman MD, Xie W, Heiss G, Kaplan RC, Talavera GA, Daviglus ML, Pirzada A, Wassertheil-Smoller S, Llabre MM, Youngblood ME, Schneiderman N, Pérez-Stable EJ, Napoles AM, Perreira KM. Economic and Psychosocial Impact of COVID-19 in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. Health Equity 2023; 7:206-215. [PMID: 37007686 PMCID: PMC10061327 DOI: 10.1089/heq.2022.0211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To examine the prevalence and correlates of economic hardship and psychosocial distress experienced during the initial phase of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in a large cohort of Hispanic/Latino adults. Methods The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), an ongoing multicenter study of Hispanic/Latino adults, collected information about COVID-19 illness and psychosocial and economic distress that occurred during the pandemic (N=11,283). We estimated the prevalence of these experiences during the initial phase of the pandemic (May 2020 to May 2021) and examined the prepandemic factors associated with pandemic-related economic hardship and emotional distress using multivariable log linear models with binomial distributions to estimate prevalence ratios. Results Almost half of the households reported job losses and a third reported economic hardship during the first year of the pandemic. Pandemic-related household job losses and economic hardship were more pronounced among noncitizens who are likely to be undocumented. Pandemic-related economic hardship and psychosocial distress varied by age group and sex. Contrary to the economic hardship findings, noncitizens were less likely to report pandemic-related psychosocial distress. Prepandemic social resources were inversely related to psychosocial distress. Conclusions The study findings underscore the economic vulnerability that the pandemic has brought to ethnic minoritized and immigrant populations in the United States, in particular noncitizens. The study also highlights the need to incorporate documentation status as a social determinant of health. Characterizing the initial economic and mental health impact of the pandemic is important for understanding the pandemic consequences on future health. Clinical Trial Registration Number: NCT02060344.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen R. Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Linda C. Gallo
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Jianwen Cai
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Marc D. Gellman
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA
| | - Wenyi Xie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Gerardo Heiss
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Robert C. Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Gregory A. Talavera
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Martha L. Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Amber Pirzada
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sylvia Wassertheil-Smoller
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Maria M. Llabre
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA
| | - Marston E. Youngblood
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Neil Schneiderman
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA
| | - Eliseo J Pérez-Stable
- National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities and Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Anna M. Napoles
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Krista M. Perreira
- Department of Social Medicine, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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42
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Young K, Buchanan VL, Graff M, Krishnan M, Highland H, Yu B, Avery CL, Buyske S, Cai J, Daviglus ML, Howard AG, Isasi CR, Kaplan R, Loos R, Qi Q, Rohde R, Rotter JI, Van Horn L, Gordon-Larsen P, Boerwinkle E, North KE. Abstract P552: Mendelian Randomization Analysis of Metabolites Associated With Severe Obesity in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). Circulation 2023. [DOI: 10.1161/circ.147.suppl_1.p552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Obesity remains a global public health burden, with 4.7 million premature deaths globally attributed to obesity. Severe obesity (SevO: defined as body mass index (BMI)≥40) is a major risk factor for other comorbidities, including heart disease and Type 2 Diabetes, which disproportionately impact historically marginalized populations, including Hispanic/Latinos. Based on BRFSS data, 24.5% of US Hispanic/Latino adults are projected to have severe obesity by 2030. However, the etiology of the underlying metabolic dysfunction remains unknown.
To address this gap, we identified metabolites associated with SevO in genotyped participants aged ≥20 with 25 < BMI ≥ 40 and metabolic data in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). We investigated cross-sectional associations between Blom-transformed metabolites and baseline SevO, adjusting for age, study center, background group, smoking status, and principal components of ancestry, stratified by sex (SUGEN), and meta-analyzed (SAS 9.4). For the top 20 metabolites, we extracted publicly available HCHS/SOL metabolite GWAS (mGWAS) summary statistics to derive metaboQTLs, and summary statistics from a multi-population meta-analysis of SevO (N>70,000) and implemented forward MR analysis using the MendelianRandomization R package (v0.3.0), which provides various robust causal estimation methods for summary data.
Anthropometry and data for 640 known Metabolon metabolites were available for 551 females (mean age: 43.3 years, 27% SevO) and 371 males (mean age 43.4 years, 15% SevO). We identified Bonferroni-corrected significant SevO associations (p<0.05/640) for 224 metabolites in the meta-analysis. Of the top 20 metabolites associated with SevO, we excluded six with no genome-wide significant SNPs in the mGWAS. For the remaining 14, we included independent SNPs with p<1E-6 as instrumental variables in the MR for each metabolite. After excluding SNPs ±500kb from known BMI loci, two metabolites showed causal associations with SevO, cytidine (penalized robust MR-Egger: ß (SE) =0.121 (0.051), p=0.018) and indoleproprionate (penalized weighted median-MR: ß (SE) =-0.138 (0.043), p=0.001).
Cytidine is a pyrimidine nucleoside consisting of D-ribose and cytosine, which is a precursor of cytidine triphosphate required in the one-carbon metabolism pathway to convert phosphatidylcholine (PC) to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). PC biosynthesis is higher in adipose tissue macrophages in obese mice and humans. Indoleproprionate is a microbial metabolite of tryptophan produced by gut bacteria. Indoleproprionate levels have been shown to be associated with higher microbiome diversity and lower incidence of T2D. Our work points to future efforts to validate findings in other cohorts, including reverse MR to further elucidate the causal relationship between metabolites and severe obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Bing Yu
- UNIV OF TX HEALTH SCI CTR HOUSTON, Houston, TX
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ruth Loos
- Icahn Sch of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY
| | - Qibin Qi
- ALBERT EINSTEIN COLLEGE OF MEDICINE, Bronx, NY
| | - Rebecca Rohde
- Univ of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
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43
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Krishnaswamy A, Ali T, Arynchyn A, Chang H, Chen L, Elkind M, Isasi CR, Jager L, Jin L, Kelly MR, Kucharska-Newton A, Ortega VE, Patel AA, Reeves L, Ring KB, Tarlton C, Tse J, Urbina E, Vankineni M, Morganroth SE, Yang J, Zhang Y, Post WS, Oelsner EC. Abstract P542: Classifying COVID-19 Related Hospitalizations and Deaths in the Collaborative Cohort of Cohorts for COVID-19 Research (C4R) Study. Circulation 2023. [DOI: 10.1161/circ.147.suppl_1.p542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Objectives:
Administrative criteria are often used to define COVID-19 outcomes despite challenges in differentiating hospitalization “for” vs “with” COVID-19 and unknown reliability for identifying COVID-related cardiopulmonary complications. We implemented a protocol to adjudicate COVID-related events across 14 studies participating in C4R.
Methods:
C4R cohorts ascertained COVID-related hospitalizations and deaths via questionnaires or ongoing surveillance. Medical records were reviewed by C4R physicians using a standardized protocol to assign COVID-related diagnoses as definite or probable. C4R diagnoses were compared against ICD codes assigned to the events. This report includes data from events centrally adjudicated by C4R as of September 2022.
Results:
Among 144 events ascertained across 7 cohorts as potentially COVID-related, SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed in 107/117 (91%) non-fatal hospitalizations and 26/27 (96%) deaths. Of confirmed infections, COVID-19 illness was diagnosed as the cause of 101/107 (94%) hospitalizations and 24/26 (92%) deaths (
Table
). Of non-fatal hospitalizations with infection, 72% were diagnosed with severe or critical COVID-19, 78% with COVID-associated pneumonia, and 29% with renal failure; other complications were less common. C4R review did not validate diagnoses indicated by ICD codes for 1 COVID-19 infection, 5 pneumonias, 1 stroke, and 7 renal failure cases. C4R review did identify diagnoses that were not ICD-coded for 13 infections, 31 pneumonias, 6 myocardial infarctions, 5 venous thromboses, and 21 renal failure cases.
Conclusions:
Protocolized medical records review by C4R confirmed COVID-19 as the cause of hospitalization or death in 87% of events ascertained as potentially COVID-related and 94% of those in which SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed. Both false-positive and false-negative misclassification by ICD criteria was observed. Protocolized review may be useful to identify and validate COVID-related events for epidemiologic research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tauqeer Ali
- Univ of Oklahoma Health Sciences Cntr, Oklahoma City, OK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ling Jin
- Univ of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | | | | | | | | | - Lisa Reeves
- Univ of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | - Cheryl Tarlton
- Univ of Oklahoma Health Sciences Cntr, Oklahoma City, OK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ying Zhang
- Univ of Oklahoma Health Sciences Cntr, Edmond, OK
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44
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LeCroy MN, Kim RS, Hanna DB, Perreira KM, Gallo LC, Llabre MM, Van Horn L, Daviglus ML, Talavera GA, Sotres-Alvarez D, Isasi CR. Abstract P128: Predicting BMI Percentile in Hispanic/Latino Youth Using a Machine Learning Approach: Findings From the Hispanic Community Children’s Health Study/Study of Latino Youth. Circulation 2023. [DOI: 10.1161/circ.147.suppl_1.p128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Introduction:
Among 2-19-year-olds in the United States (US), 26.2% of Hispanic/Latino youth vs. 16.6% of non-Hispanic White youth experience obesity (body mass index [BMI] percentile ≥age- and sex-specific 95
th
BMI percentile). While health behaviors are important, psychological and sociocultural measures vary across racial/ethnic groups and may underpin obesity disparities. Machine learning is one statistical approach that can be used to identify determinants of obesity. However, few studies have applied these methods to childhood obesity research, with most studies only examining traditional risk factors and creating a single model across all racial/ethnic groups. Our objective was to identify key predictors of BMI percentile in Hispanic/Latino youth to help design childhood obesity interventions that reduce health disparities.
Hypothesis:
We hypothesized that a BMI percentile prediction model developed for Hispanic/Latino youth would identify both traditional and novel risk factors as important determinants.
Methods:
Hispanic/Latino 8-16-year-olds from the 4 US sites of the Hispanic Community Children’s Health Study/Study of Latino Youth (SOL Youth) were examined (
n
=1,466). BMI percentiles were determined via measured height and weight and CDC growth charts. A supervised machine learning approach, Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression, was used with BMI percentile as the outcome. There were 98 predictor variables examined spanning demographics; health behaviors; and environmental, psychological, and sociocultural measures. LASSO-selected variables were entered into a multivariable linear regression model to obtain effect estimates. P-values were adjusted for both multiple testing and the variable selection process and assessed with α<0.025. Models incorporated survey weights, and missing data were imputed.
Results:
A LASSO model with 30 variables yielded the optimum mean squared error (MSE; R
2
=0.37), but a 12-variable solution was selected based on MSE and parsimony. Four associations were statistically significant. Perception of being larger than the “ideal” body weight (β=8.75 [95% CI: 8.21, 12.13]), reporting disordered eating (β=12.61 [95% CI: 10.64, 14.91]), and having a parent with obesity (β=4.90 [95% CI: 3.49, 17.75]) were associated with a higher BMI percentile. Spending >$5 weekly on snacks/beverages/fast food (β=-4.62 [95% CI: -19.18, -2.09]) was associated with a lower BMI percentile.
Conclusions:
Psychological and parental factors predicted higher BMI percentile and greater money spent on snacks/beverages/fast food predicted lower BMI percentile among Hispanic/Latino youth in the US. Addressing Hispanic/Latino youth’s relationships with food, body weight, and parents may be important in obesity interventions. Longitudinal research is needed to clarify directionality and replicate novel findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ryung S Kim
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
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45
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April-Sanders AK, Gallo L, Lee UJ, Hurwitz BE, Daviglus ML, Talavera GA, Shook-Sa B, Isasi CR, Rodriguez CJ. Abstract P266: Complex Patterns of Early Life Adversity Vary by Gender: Associations With Cardiometabolic Health and Pre-Heart Failure Among Hispanics/Latinos in the Midlife. Circulation 2023. [DOI: 10.1161/circ.147.suppl_1.p266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Early life adversities (ELA) are known risk factors for cardiovascular disease, but less understood is how distinct configurations of ELA impart differential risks for cardiometabolic health and heart failure (HF) in adulthood.
Objective:
To determine distinct profiles of ELA and assess whether there are associations between the resultant profiles and multiple indicators of cardiometabolic disease and pre-HF among Hispanic/Latino adults.
Methods:
Data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos SCAS and ECHO-SOL (N=1143, mean age 55.9±0.4 years, 58.2% female) were used. Latent class analysis was used to identify the optimal number of classes characterizing ELA co-occurrence overall and by gender. Prevalent pre-HF was defined as systolic dysfunction (left ventricular (LF) ejection fraction <50%/ global longitudinal strain >15%) or diastolic dysfunction (≥ Grade 1) or LV remodeling (LV mass index >115 for males, >95 for females/ relative wall thickness >0.42). Weighted multivariable logit models were used to examine associations.
Results:
The best fitting latent classes and characterization are shown in Figure 1. By gender, ELA profiles were associated with cardiometabolic factors. E.g., females with high adversity had greater odds of obesity than those with a low adversity (OR=2.27, 95% CI: 1.39 - 3.72). Alternatively, males experiencing household dysfunction had lower odds of high cholesterol than those with low adversity (OR=0.39, 95% CI: 0.19 - 0.80). Associations were not explained by age, childhood economic hardship, nativity, and Hispanic/Latino background. ELA profiles were not associated with pre-HF (e.g., high adversity OR=0.60, household dysfunction OR=0.75; all p>0.05).
Conclusions:
Distinct patterns of ELA among Hispanic/Latino adults vary by gender; females experience more complex and varied patterns of adversity. Exposure to specific patterns of ELA were associated with several cardiometabolic outcomes, but no associations were found with any measures of pre-HF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Un Jung Lee
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
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46
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Whalen AM, Filigrana P, Perreira KM, Gallo LC, Kaplan R, Suglia SF, Cai J, Llabre MM, Cordero C, Penedo FJ, Lee DJ, Daviglus ML, Pirzada A, Pichardo M, Isasi CR. Abstract 02: Intergenerational Socioeconomic Mobility is Associated With Adulthood All-Cause Mortality in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. Circulation 2023. [DOI: 10.1161/circ.147.suppl_1.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Introduction:
Different patterns of socioeconomic mobility (SEM) across the life course may influence the risk of all-cause mortality in adulthood. Lifetime low socioeconomic status and downward social mobility may be associated with a higher risk of mortality.
Hypothesis:
SEM is associated with mortality, and persons with enduring intergenerational adversity or downward SEM have a higher risk of mortality compared to persons with enduring intergenerational advantage.
Methods:
This study included 13,459 participants, 18-74 years of age, from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos who participated in the baseline visit (2008-2011) and were not missing key covariate information. Socioeconomic position (SEP) was assessed as parental education in childhood (dichotomized at high school), and a 5-facet index of SEP in adulthood across education, income, employment status, longest held occupation type, and homeownership. The adulthood SEP index was dichotomized at the median value of 2 (range: 0-5). Childhood and adulthood SEP were then combined into a single 4-level measure of SEM (enduring advantage, upward mobility, downward mobility, and enduring adversity). Multivariable sampling weight-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression was performed to estimate the association between SEM and all-cause mortality. Potential confounders included age, gender, Hispanic/Latino ethnic background, US nativity, years spent in the US, and study center, whereas alcohol and tobacco use, depression score, and BMI were considered potential mediators. Presence of mediation was assessed by calculating total and direct effects via modeling, then evaluating percent change from total to direct effects against a 10% guideline.
Results:
During the follow-up period of 2008-2019, 515 deaths were recorded. After adjusting for all potential confounders, a significant association was found between adulthood all-cause mortality and SEM overall (F = 7.62, p < 0.0001). Downward mobility had significantly higher hazard of death compared to enduring advantage (aHR: 1.81, 95% CI: 1.17-2.81), although upward mobility and enduring adversity groups were not significant. The direct effect for downward mobility was reduced after adjustment for potential mediators (aHR: 1.49, 95% CI: 0.96, 2.30).
Conclusions:
Socioeconomic mobility, specifically downward mobility, is associated with all-cause mortality among a diverse cohort of Hispanic/Latino individuals residing in the United States. This association shows evidence of mediation by clinical and behavioral characteristics.
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47
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Esquivel JH, Logan JG, Sotres-Alvarez D, Ponce S, Allison MA, Hurwitz BE, Kaplan R, Isasi CR, Cai J, Daviglus ML, Kansal MM, Rodriguez CJ. Abstract P588: The Association of Anthropometric Measures With Risk for Pre-HF. Circulation 2023. [DOI: 10.1161/circ.147.suppl_1.p588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Introduction:
Obesity is an epidemiologic challenge and a key risk factor for heart failure (HF). Pre-heart failure (pre-HF) has been recognized as an important entity to prevent progression to clinical HF. Defining the long-term effect of obesity on pre-HF is essential for understanding of HF risk and prevention.
Purpose:
To determine the prospective association of obesity on the incidence of pre-HF (defined as the presence of abnormal cardiac structure or function among persons without clinical HF).
Methods:
Data from 1580 individuals without HF and with anthropometric data from the population-based Echocardiographic-Study of Latinos were included.
Pre-HF
was defined as: 1)
Systolic dysfunction
- LV ejection fraction (LVEF) < 50% and global longitudinal strain (GLS) <15%; 2)
LV diastolic dysfunction
- E/e’ >10 and left atrial volume index (LAVI) >34 mL/m
2
; or 3)
LV remodeling
- LV mass index (LVMI)> 115gm/m
2
, >95gm/m
2
(male and female, respectively) and relative wall thickness (RWT) >0.42. Anthropometric data were: (body mass index {BMI}, waist circumference {WC}, waist-to-hip ratio {WHR}, fat mass {FM) and free fat mass {FFM}). Echocardiographic and anthropometric data were collected twice, on average 4.3 years apart, and analyzed using survey-weighted multivariable-adjusted regression models. Incident pre-HF was determined among participants
Results:
Mean age of 56 (42-74) years and 1048 (66%) were female. Baseline mean BMI was 29.9 kgm
2
, FM kg 28.3, FFM kg 50.1, WC 99.7cm, and WHR 0.94. Baseline BMI, FFM, FM, WC and WHR were significantly higher in individuals with prevalent pre-HF (all p<0.007). Longitudinal data showed that WC and WHR were associated with greater probability of incident pre-HF (WC and WHR p<0.0006. Regression models showed BMI, WC, WHR and FFM were associated with increased odds of incident Pre-HF (Table 1).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sonia Ponce
- UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO, La Jolla, CA
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48
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Li Y, Peters-Samuelson B, Yu B, Isasi CR, Perreira K, Daviglus ML, Chan QM, Knight R, Burk R, Kaplan R, Wang T, Qi Q. Abstract P518: Distinctive Blood Metabolomic Profiles Between US-Born and Foreign-Born Hispanics/Latinos: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). Circulation 2023. [DOI: 10.1161/circ.147.suppl_1.p518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Introduction:
US-born Hispanics have a worse cardiometabolic profile compared to foreign-born Hispanics, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood.
Hypothesis:
We hypothesize that, compared to foreign-born Hispanics, US-born Hispanics have a distinctive blood metabolomic profile, which might be related to diet/lifestyle and gut microbiota and associated with health outcomes.
Methods:
Serum levels of 634 metabolites were profiled in US Hispanics in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (N=3941 in discovery dataset; N=2368 in replication dataset). We used multiple linear regression to identify metabolites associated with US nativity. Machine-learning algorithms were used to identify potential determinants of metabolites based on genetics, sociodemographic factors, diet, lifestyle, clinical parameters, and gut microbiota. We examined prospective associations of baseline metabolites with risk of incident diseases during a 6-year follow-up using Poisson regression.
Results:
We identified 158 metabolites associated with US nativity in discovery dataset (FDR<0.05), 135 of which were validated in replication dataset (87 higher and 48 lower in US born vs foreign-born). A metabolomic score showed a high discriminatory ability for US-born vs foreign-born Hispanics (AUC = 0.84 and 0.82 in discovery and replication datasets, respectively) and a dose-response relationship with longer duration of US residence. Variations of these US-nativity related metabolites were explained more by nongenetic factors, especially diet and gut microbiota, compared to those unrelated to US nativity, while variations explained by genetics between these two groups of metabolites were similar. Specifically, the US-born related metabolomic profile was characterized by lower levels of many metabolites in amino acid and xenobiotic pathways (e.g., ergothioneine, phenylpropionate, indole propionate, β-cryptoxanthin, carotene diol). These metabolites were positively associated with plant-based food intake (e.g., whole grain, fruits, vegetables) and beneficial fiber-utilizing bacteria (e.g.,
Eubacterium, Roseburia, Oscillibacter).
Cardiometabolic and kidney function traits showed stronger overall associations with US-nativity related metabolites compared to other clinical traits (e.g., liver function, lung function). Prospective analyses showed that metabolites higher in US-born Hispanics were generally associated with higher risk of server obesity, hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease and asthma, while those higher in foreign-born Hispanics were generally associated with lower risk of these diseases.
Conclusion:
Compared to foreign-born Hispanics, US-born Hispanics showed an unfavorable blood metabolomic profile associated with multiple chronic diseases, which might be partially related to diet and gut microbiota acculturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | | | - Bing Yu
- UNIV OF TX HEALTH SCI CTR HOUSTON, Houston, TX
| | | | | | | | | | - Rob Knight
- Depts of Pediatrics and Computer Science & Engineering, Univ of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Robert Burk
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | | | - Tao Wang
- Dept of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Qibin Qi
- ALBERT EINSTEIN COLLEGE OF MEDICINE, Bronx, NY
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49
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Chambers EC, Hua S, Lin J, Kim RS, Youngblood ME, Perreira KM, Gallo LC, Giachello AL, Kaplan R, Crespo-Figueroa M, O’Brien MJ, Gellman MD, Isasi CR. Doubled-Up Households, Self-Management Behaviors, Diabetes Preventive Care Services, and Hospital Use in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) 2015-2020. Diabetes Care 2023; 46:455-462. [PMID: 36516296 PMCID: PMC9887630 DOI: 10.2337/dc22-1477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated associations of living in a doubled-up household (i.e., adults living with adult children, other related adults, or other unrelated adults) with diabetes self-management behaviors, occurrence of diabetes preventive care services, and hospital use by Hispanic/Latino adults with diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We analyzed data from the second clinical visit (2014-2017) through subsequent annual follow-up interviews completed through January 2020 of all participants with diabetes in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. Multivariable regression was used to test associations between doubled-up status with diabetes self-management behaviors (i.e., checking blood glucose level, checking feet for sores), diabetes preventive care services done by a doctor (i.e., dilated-eye examination, feet checked, hemoglobin A1c measured, urine analysis for kidney function), and hospital use (i.e., emergency department [ED] visits and hospitalizations). RESULTS Hispanic/Latino adults living doubled up were less likely to have their urine checked by a doctor for kidney disease compared with adults not in doubled-up households. Doubled-up status was not associated with diabetes self-management behaviors. Adults living doubled up in a household with other related adults had a 33% increased risk of ED visits compared with adults living doubled up in a household with adult children. CONCLUSIONS Health care settings where Hispanic/Latino adults with diabetes receive trusted care should add housing characteristics such as doubled-up status to social-needs screening to identify residents in need of connecting with housing or social services and more targeted diabetes management services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Earle C. Chambers
- Department of Family and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Simin Hua
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Juan Lin
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Ryung S. Kim
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | | | - Krista M. Perreira
- Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Linda C. Gallo
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA
| | - Aida L. Giachello
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Robert Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Madeline Crespo-Figueroa
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | | | - Marc D. Gellman
- Behavioral Medicine Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - Carmen R. Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
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50
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Zhang Y, Elgart M, Granot-Hershkovitz E, Wang H, Tarraf W, Ramos AR, Stickel AM, Zeng D, Garcia TP, Testai FD, Wassertheil-Smoller S, Isasi CR, Daviglus ML, Kaplan R, Fornage M, DeCarli C, Redline S, González HM, Sofer T. Genetic associations between sleep traits and cognitive ageing outcomes in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. EBioMedicine 2023; 87:104393. [PMID: 36493726 PMCID: PMC9732133 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep phenotypes have been reported to be associated with cognitive ageing outcomes. However, there is limited research using genetic variants as proxies for sleep traits to study their associations. We estimated associations between Polygenic Risk Scores (PRSs) for sleep duration, insomnia, daytime sleepiness, and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and measures of cogntive ageing in Hispanic/Latino adults. METHODS We used summary statistics from published genome-wide association studies to construct PRSs representing the genetic basis of each sleep trait, then we studied the association of the PRSs of the sleep phenotypes with cognitive outcomes in the Hispanic Community Healthy Study/Study of Latinos. The primary model adjusted for age, sex, study centre, and measures of genetic ancestry. Associations are highlighted if their p-value <0.05. FINDINGS Higher PRS for insomnia was associated with lower global cognitive function and higher risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (OR = 1.20, 95% CI [1.06, 1.36]). Higher PRS for daytime sleepiness was also associated with increased MCI risk (OR = 1.14, 95% CI [1.02, 1.28]). Sleep duration PRS was associated with reduced MCI risk among short and normal sleepers, while among long sleepers it was associated with reduced global cognitive function and with increased MCI risk (OR = 1.40, 95% CI [1.10, 1.78]). Furthermore, adjustment of analyses for the measured sleep phenotypes and APOE-ε4 allele had minor effects on the PRS associations with the cognitive outcomes. INTERPRETATION Genetic measures underlying insomnia, daytime sleepiness, and sleep duration are associated with MCI risk. Genetic and self-reported sleep duration interact in their effect on MCI. FUNDING Described in Acknowledgments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Michael Elgart
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Einat Granot-Hershkovitz
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Heming Wang
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wassim Tarraf
- Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Alberto R Ramos
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ariana M Stickel
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Donglin Zeng
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Tanya P Garcia
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Fernando D Testai
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Martha L Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Robert Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Charles DeCarli
- Department of Neurology, Alzheimer's Disease Center, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Susan Redline
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hector M González
- Department of Neurosciences and Shiley-Marcos Alzheimer's Disease Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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