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Unger A, Finkernagel F, Hoffmann N, Neuhaus F, Joos B, Nist A, Stiewe T, Visekruna A, Wagner U, Reinartz S, Müller-Brüsselbach S, Müller R, Adhikary T. Chromatin Binding of c-REL and p65 Is Not Limiting for Macrophage IL12B Transcription During Immediate Suppression by Ovarian Carcinoma Ascites. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1425. [PMID: 29997615 PMCID: PMC6030372 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumors frequently exploit homeostatic mechanisms that suppress expression of IL-12, a central mediator of inflammatory and anti-tumor responses. The p40 subunit of the IL-12 heterodimer, encoded by IL12B, is limiting for these functions. Ovarian carcinoma patients frequently produce ascites which exerts immunosuppression by means of soluble factors. The NFκB pathway is necessary for transcription of IL12B, which is not expressed in macrophages freshly isolated from ascites. This raises the possibility that ascites prevents IL12B expression by perturbing NFκB binding to chromatin. Here, we show that ascites-mediated suppression of IL12B induction by LPS plus IFNγ in primary human macrophages is rapid, and that suppression can be reversible after ascites withdrawal. Nuclear translocation of the NFκB transcription factors c-REL and p65 was strongly reduced by ascites. Surprisingly, however, their binding to the IL12B locus and to CXCL10, a second NFκB target gene, was unaltered, and the induction of CXCL10 transcription was not suppressed by ascites. These findings indicate that, despite its reduced nuclear translocation, NFκB function is not generally impaired by ascites, suggesting that ascites-borne signals target additional pathways to suppress IL12B induction. Consistent with these data, IL-10, a clinically relevant constituent of ascites and negative regulator of NFκB translocation, only partially recapitulated IL12B suppression by ascites. Finally, restoration of a defective IL-12 response by appropriate culture conditions was observed only in macrophages from a subset of donors, which may have important implications for the understanding of patient-specific immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Unger
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT), Center for Tumor Biology and Immunobiology (ZTI), Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Florian Finkernagel
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT), Center for Tumor Biology and Immunobiology (ZTI), Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Nathalie Hoffmann
- Experimental Tumor Research Group, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunobiology (ZTI), Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Felix Neuhaus
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT), Center for Tumor Biology and Immunobiology (ZTI), Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Joos
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT), Center for Tumor Biology and Immunobiology (ZTI), Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Nist
- Genomics Core Facility, ZTI, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Stiewe
- Genomics Core Facility, ZTI, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Visekruna
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Biomedical Research Center (BMFZ), Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Uwe Wagner
- Clinic for Gynecology, Gynecological Oncology and Gynecological Endocrinology, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Silke Reinartz
- Clinic for Gynecology, Gynecological Oncology and Gynecological Endocrinology, ZTI, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Müller-Brüsselbach
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT), Center for Tumor Biology and Immunobiology (ZTI), Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT), Center for Tumor Biology and Immunobiology (ZTI), Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Till Adhikary
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT), Center for Tumor Biology and Immunobiology (ZTI), Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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Esteve-Solé A, Sologuren I, Martínez-Saavedra MT, Deyà-Martínez À, Oleaga-Quintas C, Martinez-Barricarte R, Martinez-Nalda A, Juan M, Casanova JL, Rodriguez-Gallego C, Alsina L, Bustamante J. Laboratory evaluation of the IFN-γ circuit for the molecular diagnosis of Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2018; 55:184-204. [PMID: 29502462 PMCID: PMC5880527 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2018.1444580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The integrity of the interferon (IFN)-γ circuit is necessary to mount an effective immune response to intra-macrophagic pathogens, especially Mycobacteria. Inherited monogenic defects in this circuit that disrupt the production of, or response to, IFN-γ underlie a primary immunodeficiency known as Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease (MSMD). Otherwise healthy patients display a selective susceptibility to clinical disease caused by poorly virulent mycobacteria such as BCG (bacille Calmette-Guérin) vaccines and environmental mycobacteria, and more rarely by other intra-macrophagic pathogens, particularly Salmonella and M. tuberculosis. There is high genetic and allelic heterogeneity, with 19 genetic etiologies due to mutations in 10 genes that account for only about half of the patients reported. An efficient laboratory diagnostic approach to suspected MSMD patients is important, because it enables the establishment of specific therapeutic measures that will improve the patient's prognosis and quality of life. Moreover, it is essential to offer genetic counseling to affected families. Herein, we review the various genetic and immunological diagnostic approaches that can be used in concert to reach a molecular and cellular diagnosis in patients with MSMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Esteve-Solé
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain, EU
- Functional Unit of Clinical Immunology Hospital Sant Joan de Déu-Hospital Clinic, Spain, EU
| | - Ithaisa Sologuren
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain, EU
| | | | - Àngela Deyà-Martínez
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain, EU
- Functional Unit of Clinical Immunology Hospital Sant Joan de Déu-Hospital Clinic, Spain, EU
| | - Carmen Oleaga-Quintas
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, IN-SERM-U1163, Paris, France, EU
- Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France, EU
| | - Rubén Martinez-Barricarte
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrea Martinez-Nalda
- Pediatric Infectious Disease and Immunodeficiency Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Institut de Recerca Vall d’Hebron, Spain, EU
| | - Manel Juan
- Functional Unit of Clinical Immunology Hospital Sant Joan de Déu-Hospital Clinic, Spain, EU
- Immunology Department. Biomedical Diagnostics Center, Hospital Clinic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain, EU
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, IN-SERM-U1163, Paris, France, EU
- Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France, EU
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France, EU
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carlos Rodriguez-Gallego
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain, EU
| | - Laia Alsina
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain, EU
- Functional Unit of Clinical Immunology Hospital Sant Joan de Déu-Hospital Clinic, Spain, EU
| | - Jacinta Bustamante
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, IN-SERM-U1163, Paris, France, EU
- Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France, EU
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Center for the Study of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker Hospital for SickChildren, AP-HP, Paris, France, EU
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Jemli A, Inoubli O, Trifa F, Mechri A, Zaafrane F, Gaha L, Jrad BBH. IFNGR2 genetic polymorphism associated with sex-specific paranoid schizophrenia risk. Nord J Psychiatry 2017; 71:42-47. [PMID: 27563937 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2016.1216595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considering current scientific evidence about the significant role of chronic low grade inflammation in the physiopathology of schizophrenia, it has been hypothesized that changes in pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interferon gamma may have a significant role in the predisposition to schizophrenia. AIM This study focuses on identifying whether the functional polymorphism of interferon gamma receptor 2 (IFNGR2) is a risk factor for the development of schizophrenia. METHODS This study was conducted by the RFLP-PCR on a Tunisian population composed of 225 patients with different sub-types of schizophrenia and 166 controls. RESULTS The IFNGR2 (Q64R) polymorphism analysis showed higher frequencies of minor homozygous genotype (RR) and allele (R) in all patients compared to controls (21.8% vs 10.2%; p = .006, OR = 2.54) and (44% vs 34.9%; p = .01; OR = 1.46), respectively. This correlation was confirmed only for males. This study also noted a significant increase of the mutated homozygous (RR) genotype and (R) allele frequencies of IFNGR2 in paranoid schizophrenics compared to controls (31.4% vs 10.2%; p = .001; OR = 3.34 and 47.2% vs 34.9%; p = .009; OR = 1.66, respectively). This increase remains significant after using binary logistic regression to eliminate confounding factors such as age and sex. Additionally, carriers of RR genotype have significant lower scores on the Scale of Assessment of Positive (SAPS) and negative (SANS) symptoms comparatively to the carrier of the QQ + QR genotypes, suggesting that the R recessive allele carriers could have milder symptoms. CONCLUSION The IFNGR2Q64R polymorphism is correlated with male sex and paranoid schizophrenia. It is suggested that a chronic neuroinflammation may predispose to the paranoid schizophrenia development in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achraf Jemli
- a Laboratory of Genetics, Biodiversity and Valorization of Bio-Resources , Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir , Monastir , Tunisia
| | - Oumaima Inoubli
- a Laboratory of Genetics, Biodiversity and Valorization of Bio-Resources , Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir , Monastir , Tunisia
| | - Fatma Trifa
- b Department of Biostatistics , Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir , Monastir , Tunisia.,c Laboratory of Biomass Valorization and Production of Eucaryotic Proteins , Center of Biotechnology of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Anouar Mechri
- d Laboratory of Psychiatry and Vulnerability to Psychoses - CHU Fatouma Bourguiba Monastir , University of Monastir , Monastir , Tunisia
| | - Ferid Zaafrane
- d Laboratory of Psychiatry and Vulnerability to Psychoses - CHU Fatouma Bourguiba Monastir , University of Monastir , Monastir , Tunisia
| | - Lotfi Gaha
- d Laboratory of Psychiatry and Vulnerability to Psychoses - CHU Fatouma Bourguiba Monastir , University of Monastir , Monastir , Tunisia
| | - Besma Bel Hadj Jrad
- a Laboratory of Genetics, Biodiversity and Valorization of Bio-Resources , Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir , Monastir , Tunisia
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4
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Xiang L, Rehm KE, Sunesara I, Griswold M, Marshall GD. Gene polymorphisms of stress hormone and cytokine receptors associate with immunomodulatory profile and psychological measurement. J Psychosom Res 2015; 78:438-444. [PMID: 25434615 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2014.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to identify whether stable single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of various endocrine and immune molecules could be used as biomarkers associated with specific immune alterations and chronic stress measures in normal humans. METHODS A total of 207 volunteer participants answered stress questionnaire and gave peripheral blood cells for identification of SNPs in genes coding for glucocorticoid receptor (GR), beta 2 adrenergic receptor (B2AR), interferon-gamma receptors (IFNGR1, IFNGR2), and interleukin-4 receptor (IL4R). Immunoregulatory profiles were measured by flow cytometry and genotyping assays were performed by allelic discrimination real-time PCR. RESULTS Several significant differences were revealed in associations between stress marker and immune indicators based on SNP categories. For instance, Th1 levels of the minor alleles of GR TthIIII (AA) and IFNGR2 Q64R (Arg/Arg) groups were positively associated with chronic stress (PSS) (p = 0.024 and 0.005, respectively) compared with wild type (WT) and negatively associated with PSS in the heterozygous genotypes of GR BclI and IL4R Ile50Val (p = 0.040 and p = 0.052, respectively). Treg levels of the minor alleles of BclI (GG) and IFNGR1 T-56C (CC) groups were positively associated with PSS (p = 0.045 and p = 0.010, respectively) and negatively associated in the minor allele (Val/Val) of IL4R Ile50Va and the heterozygous genotype of IL4R Q576R (p = 0.041 and p = 0.017, respectively) compared to WT. CONCLUSION The data support the notion that gene polymorphisms from various components of the psychoneuroendocrine-immune network may be useful as biomarkers to categorize individual stress-associated immune responses.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Alleles
- Chronic Disease
- Female
- Flow Cytometry
- Genotype
- Humans
- Interleukin-4 Receptor alpha Subunit/genetics
- Interleukin-4 Receptor alpha Subunit/immunology
- Male
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/immunology
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2/genetics
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2/immunology
- Receptors, Cytokine/genetics
- Receptors, Cytokine/immunology
- Receptors, Glucocorticoid/genetics
- Receptors, Glucocorticoid/immunology
- Receptors, Interferon/genetics
- Receptors, Interferon/immunology
- Stress, Psychological/genetics
- Stress, Psychological/immunology
- Interferon gamma Receptor
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianbin Xiang
- Laboratory of Behavioral Immunology Research, Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.
| | - Kristina E Rehm
- Laboratory of Behavioral Immunology Research, Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Imran Sunesara
- Laboratory of Behavioral Immunology Research, Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA; Center of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Michael Griswold
- Laboratory of Behavioral Immunology Research, Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA; Center of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Gailen D Marshall
- Laboratory of Behavioral Immunology Research, Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
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5
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Osborn JL, Greer SF. Metastatic melanoma cells evade immune detection by silencing STAT1. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:4343-61. [PMID: 25690042 PMCID: PMC4346960 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16024343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcriptional activation of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I and II molecules by the cytokine, interferon γ (IFN-γ), is a key step in cell-mediated immunity against pathogens and tumors. Recent evidence suggests that suppression of MHC I and II expression on multiple tumor types plays important roles in tumor immunoevasion. One such tumor is malignant melanoma, a leading cause of skin cancer-related deaths. Despite growing awareness of MHC expression defects, the molecular mechanisms by which melanoma cells suppress MHC and escape from immune-mediated elimination remain unknown. Here, we analyze the dysregulation of the Janus kinase (JAK)/STAT pathway and its role in the suppression of MHC II in melanoma cell lines at the radial growth phase (RGP), the vertical growth phase (VGP) and the metastatic phase (MET). While RGP and VGP cells both express MHC II, MET cells lack not only MHC II, but also the critical transcription factors, interferon response factor (IRF) 1 and its upstream activator, signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1). Suppression of STAT1 in vitro was also observed in patient tumor samples, suggesting STAT1 silencing as a global mechanism of MHC II suppression and immunoevasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- JoDi Lynn Osborn
- Division of Cellular Biology and Immunology, Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
| | - Susanna F Greer
- Division of Cellular Biology and Immunology, Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
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6
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Bustamante J, Boisson-Dupuis S, Abel L, Casanova JL. Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease: genetic, immunological, and clinical features of inborn errors of IFN-γ immunity. Semin Immunol 2014; 26:454-70. [PMID: 25453225 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2014.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 440] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 09/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease (MSMD) is a rare condition characterized by predisposition to clinical disease caused by weakly virulent mycobacteria, such as BCG vaccines and environmental mycobacteria, in otherwise healthy individuals with no overt abnormalities in routine hematological and immunological tests. MSMD designation does not recapitulate all the clinical features, as patients are also prone to salmonellosis, candidiasis and tuberculosis, and more rarely to infections with other intramacrophagic bacteria, fungi, or parasites, and even, perhaps, a few viruses. Since 1996, nine MSMD-causing genes, including seven autosomal (IFNGR1, IFNGR2, STAT1, IL12B, IL12RB1, ISG15, and IRF8) and two X-linked (NEMO, and CYBB) genes have been discovered. The high level of allelic heterogeneity has already led to the definition of 18 different disorders. The nine gene products are physiologically related, as all are involved in IFN-γ-dependent immunity. These disorders impair the production of (IL12B, IL12RB1, IRF8, ISG15, NEMO) or the response to (IFNGR1, IFNGR2, STAT1, IRF8, CYBB) IFN-γ. These defects account for only about half the known MSMD cases. Patients with MSMD-causing genetic defects may display other infectious diseases, or even remain asymptomatic. Most of these inborn errors do not show complete clinical penetrance for the case-definition phenotype of MSMD. We review here the genetic, immunological, and clinical features of patients with inborn errors of IFN-γ-dependent immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacinta Bustamante
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM-U1163, Paris, France, EU; Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France, EU; Center for the Study of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris AP-HP, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France, EU.
| | - Stéphanie Boisson-Dupuis
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM-U1163, Paris, France, EU; Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France, EU; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laurent Abel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM-U1163, Paris, France, EU; Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France, EU; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM-U1163, Paris, France, EU; Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France, EU; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, NY, USA; Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France, EU
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7
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Xiang L, Elci OU, Rehm KE, Marshall GD. Associations between cytokine receptor polymorphisms and variability in laboratory immune parameters in normal humans. Hum Immunol 2014; 75:91-7. [PMID: 24060357 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2013.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Revised: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
In every study involving human immune parameters, large inter-subject variability occurs which can make interpretation of results difficult. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether genetic variants in cytokine receptors could associate with variability in laboratory immune measures. A total of 207 normal volunteers were recruited in this study. Immunoregulatory profiles were measured by flow cytometry and genotyping assays were performed by allelic discrimination real-time PCR. Immunoregulatory profiles were categorized according to various single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of cytokine receptors including T-56C and G-611A of IFN-γ receptor 1 (IFNGR1); Q64R of IFNGR2; and Ile50Val, Q576R and S503P of IL4R. Results reveal that Th1 levels were significantly higher in the heterozygous of the IFNGR1 T-56C polymorphism (minor allele) compared to wild-type (WT, major allele) (p = 0.006). For the Q576R of IL4R, Th1/Th2 ratio was significantly lower for the homozygous SNP (Arg/Arg) compared to the WT (Gln/Gln) (p = 0.035). In addition, the significant interaction effects of demographic characteristics on SNP-immune parameter associations were reported as well. We conclude that cytokine receptor polymorphisms might associate with variability in laboratory immune measures. Approach of SNP analysis of cytokine receptors can be useful in categorizing baseline immune responses to more accurately evaluate clinical immune data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianbin Xiang
- Laboratory of Behavioral Immunology Research, Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Jackson, MS, USA; Department of Medicine, Jackson, MS, USA.
| | - Okan U Elci
- Laboratory of Behavioral Immunology Research, Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Jackson, MS, USA; Center of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Kristina E Rehm
- Laboratory of Behavioral Immunology Research, Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Jackson, MS, USA; Department of Medicine, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Gailen D Marshall
- Laboratory of Behavioral Immunology Research, Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Jackson, MS, USA; Department of Medicine, Jackson, MS, USA
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8
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Partial IFN-γR2 deficiency is due to protein misfolding and can be rescued by inhibitors of glycosylation. Blood 2013; 122:2390-401. [PMID: 23963039 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2013-01-480814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a molecular study of the two known patients with autosomal recessive, partial interferon-γ receptor (IFN-γR)2 deficiency (homozygous for mutations R114C and G227R), and three novel, unrelated children, homozygous for S124F (P1) and G141R (P2 and P3). IFN-γR2 levels on the surface of the three latter patients' cells are slightly lower than those on control cells. The patients' cells also display impaired, but not abolished, response to IFN-γ. Moreover, the R114C, S124F, G141R and G227R IFNGR2 hypomorphic alleles all encode misfolded proteins with abnormal N-glycosylation. The mutants are largely retained in the endoplasmic reticulum, although a small proportion reach and function at the cell surface. Strikingly, the IFN-γ response of the patients' cells is enhanced by chemical modifiers of N-glycosylation, as previously shown for patients with gain-of-glysosylation T168N and misfolding 382-387dup null mutations. All four in-frame IFNGR2 hypomorphic mutant alleles encoding surface-expressed receptors are thus deleterious by a mechanism involving abnormal N-glycosylation and misfolding of the IFN-γR2 protein. The diagnosis of partial IFN-γR2 deficiency is clinically useful, as affected patients should be treated with IFN-γ, [corrected] unlike patients with complete IFN-γR2 deficiency. Moreover, inhibitors of glycosylation might be beneficial in patients with complete or partial IFN-γR2 deficiency due to misfolding or gain-of-glycosylation receptors.
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9
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de Paus RA, Geilenkirchen MA, van Riet S, van Dissel JT, van de Vosse E. Differential expression and function of human IL-12Rβ2 polymorphic variants. Mol Immunol 2013; 56:380-9. [PMID: 23911393 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2013.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Revised: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The receptor for interleukin-12, formed by IL-12Rβ1 and IL-12Rβ2, mediates the type I immune responses of various types of lymphocytes. Polymorphisms in IL12RB2, the gene encoding IL-12Rβ2, were reported to be associated with several immune related diseases, such as Crohn's disease. Because the IL23R and IL12RB2 genes are located in close proximity on the genome, the reported associations might also be attributable to linked polymorphisms in IL23R, which were found to be associated with immune related diseases as well. To clarify the role of IL-12Rβ2 in immune diseases, we investigated the functional consequences of thirteen amino acid substitutions in IL-12Rβ2. We developed a model with retroviral expression of IL-12Rβ2 in B cell lines. With the use of this model the expression and function of the variants was compared within the same genetic background. Four of the IL-12Rβ2 variants, N271Y, R313G, A604V and L808R showed reduced IL-12 responses compared to the wild type variant. Two of these are relatively common in some populations and may be used in future association studies to reveal a role for IL-12 in infectious and/or immune related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roelof A de Paus
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
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10
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de Paus RA, van Wengen A, Schmidt I, Visser M, Verdegaal EME, van Dissel JT, van de Vosse E. Inhibition of the type I immune responses of human monocytes by IFN-α and IFN-β. Cytokine 2013; 61:645-55. [PMID: 23299081 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2012.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Revised: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 12/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-12 (IL-12), IL-23 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) are pivotal cytokines acting in concert with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and IL-1β to shape type I immune responses against bacterial pathogens. Recently, several groups reported that type I immunity can be inhibited by IFN-α/β. Here we show the extent of the inhibitory effects of IFN-α and IFN-β on the responsiveness of human monocytes to Toll like receptor-ligands and IFN-γ. Both IFN-α and IFN-β strongly reduced the production of IL-12p40, IL-1β and TNF and the IFN-γ induced CD54 and CD64 expression. High IFN-γ concentrations could not counterbalance the inhibitions and IFN-α still inhibited monocytes 24h after stimulation in vitro as well as in vivo in patients undergoing IFN-α treatment. Next, we explored the mechanism of inhibition. We confirm that IFN-α/β interferes with the IFN-γR1 expression, by studying the kinetics of IFN-γR1 downregulation. However, IFN-γR1 downregulation occurred only after two hours of IFN-α/β stimulation and was transient, which cannot explain the IFN-γ unresponsiveness observed directly and late after IFN-α/β stimulation. Additional experiments indeed indicate that other mechanisms are involved. IFN-α may interfere with IFN-γ-elicited phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1). IFN-α may also activate methyltransferases which in turn reduce, at least partly, the TNF and IL-1β production and CD54 expression. IFN-α also induces the protein inhibitor of activated STAT1 (PIAS1). In conclusion, IFN-α and IFN-β strongly inhibit the IFN-γ responsiveness and the production of type I cytokines of monocytes, probably via various mechanisms. Our findings indicate that IFN-α/β play a significant role in the immunopathogenesis of bacterial infections, for example Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roelof A de Paus
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Kilic SS, van Wengen A, de Paus RA, Celebi S, Meziane B, Hafizoglu D, van Dissel JT, van de Vosse E. Severe disseminated mycobacterial infection in a boy with a novel mutation leading to IFN-γR2 deficiency. J Infect 2012; 65:568-72. [PMID: 22902943 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2012.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Revised: 08/06/2012] [Accepted: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases (MSMD) is a rare syndrome characterized by predisposition to severe, sometimes lethal, disease caused by otherwise poorly virulent mycobacteria. We report here a boy with a recurrent mycobacterial infection from the age of five months. Immunological analyses revealed an inability to respond to IFN-γ, subsequent genetic analyses revealed a novel homozygous mutation, r.679G > A in the IFNGR2 gene, resulting in a G227R substitution, that caused IFN-γR2 deficiency. This is only the 8th mutation in IFN-γR2 known so far. The boy eventually died of hepatic coma due to liver failure at the age of five.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Sebnem Kilic
- Pediatric Immunology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Uludag University Medical Faculty, Gorukle-Bursa 16059, Turkey
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