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Matsuo K, Nshihara H. Rebuilding insight into the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease through new blood-brain barrier models. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1954-1960. [PMID: 38227521 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.390978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier is a unique function of the microvasculature in the brain parenchyma that maintains homeostasis in the central nervous system. Blood-brain barrier breakdown is a common pathology in various neurological diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, stroke, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease. Traditionally, it has been considered a consequence of neuroinflammation or neurodegeneration, but recent advanced imaging techniques and detailed studies in animal models show that blood-brain barrier breakdown occurs early in the disease process and may precede neuronal loss. Thus, the blood-brain barrier is attractive as a potential therapeutic target for neurological diseases that lack effective therapeutics. To elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying blood-brain barrier breakdown and translate them into therapeutic strategies for neurological diseases, there is a growing demand for experimental models of human origin that allow for functional assessments. Recently, several human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived blood-brain barrier models have been established and various in vitro blood-brain barrier models using microdevices have been proposed. Especially in the Alzheimer's disease field, the human evidence for blood-brain barrier dysfunction has been demonstrated and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived blood-brain barrier models have suggested the putative molecular mechanisms of pathological blood-brain barrier. In this review, we summarize recent evidence of blood-brain barrier dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease from pathological analyses, imaging studies, animal models, and stem cell sources. Additionally, we discuss the potential future directions for blood-brain barrier research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinya Matsuo
- Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Hideaki Nshihara
- Department of Neurotherapeutics, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan
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Liu Q, Li J, Cheng X, Chen G, Zhang Y, Tian Z, Wang Y, Wang H, Guo X, Li H, Sun L, Hu B, Zhang D, Liang C, Sheng J, Tao F, Wang J, Yang L. APOE ε4 allele modifies the associations of toxic metals and their mixture with cognitive impairment among older adults. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 255:119148. [PMID: 38754607 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The evidence of interactive effect of the toxic metal (TM) mixture and apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 gene on cognitive impairment in older adults is scarce. We aimed to explore whether the associations of single TMs and their mixture with cognitive impairment depend on APOE ε4 in Chinese community-dwelling older people. METHODS A total of 1148 older adults from a subset of the baseline survey of a cohort study were included. Blood arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), strontium (Sr), and vanadium (V) were detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. APOE gene (rs429358, rs7412) polymorphisms were analyzed by the Polymerase Chain Reaction instrument. Mixed effects logistic regression was applied to estimate the relationships of single TMs and APOE genotype with cognitive impairment. Weighted quantile sum (WQS) and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models were performed to examine joint impacts of the TM mixture, as well as the interaction of the TM mixture with APOE ε4 genotype on cognitive impairment. RESULTS Pb displayed a significant linear association with an increased odds of cognitive impairment after adjustment for covariates (Ptrend = 0.045). While APOE genotype did not show a significant correlation with cognitive impairment. WQS showed that the TM mixture was associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment by 31.0% (OR=1.31, 95% CI: 0.92, 1.87) while no significance was found. BKMR exhibited a significant linear association between the TM mixture and cognitive impairment. Moreover, both WQS and BKMR indicated that Pb contributed the most to cognitive impairment within the mixture. Significant interactions of Pb or the TM mixture and APOE genotype on cognitive impairment were observed, contributing to 38.1% and 38.2% of total effects, respectively. CONCLUSIONS APOE ε4 allele amplifies the associations of single Pb or the TM mixture with cognitive impairment. These findings may help to develop precision prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Junzhe Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xuqiu Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Guimei Chen
- School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Ziwei Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Hongli Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xianwei Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Huaibiao Li
- Fuyang Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Fuyang, 236069, Anhui, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Fuyang Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Fuyang, 236069, Anhui, China
| | - Bing Hu
- Fuyang Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Fuyang, 236069, Anhui, China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Chunmei Liang
- Department of Hygiene Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Jie Sheng
- Scientific Research Center in Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Fangbiao Tao
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Linsheng Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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Libri I, Silvestri C, Caratozzolo S, Alberici A, Pilotto A, Archetti S, Trainini L, Borroni B, Padovani A, Benussi A. Association of APOE genotype with blood-brain barrier permeability in neurodegenerative disorders. Neurobiol Aging 2024; 140:33-40. [PMID: 38718740 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is recognized for its role in modulating blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability in vitro, which may have significant implications for the pathogenesis and progression of neurodegenerative disorders. However, evidence in vivo is contrasting. This study explores the impact of APOE genotypes on BBB integrity among 230 participants experiencing cognitive impairment, encompassing cases of Alzheimer's disease (AD) as well as various non-AD neurodegenerative conditions. To assess BBB integrity, we utilized cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)/serum albumin ratios and CSF/serum kappa and lambda free light chains (FLCs) as indirect markers. Our findings show a dose-dependent increase in BBB permeability in individuals carrying the APOE ε4 allele, marked by elevated CSF/serum albumin and FLCs ratios, with this trend being especially pronounced in AD patients. These results highlight the association of APOE ε4 with BBB permeability, providing valuable insights into the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilenia Libri
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Chiara Silvestri
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Salvatore Caratozzolo
- Neurology Unit, Department of Continuity of Care and Frailty, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Antonella Alberici
- Neurology Unit, Department of Continuity of Care and Frailty, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Pilotto
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Neurology Unit, Department of Continuity of Care and Frailty, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Silvana Archetti
- Biotechnology Laboratory and Department of Diagnostics, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Laura Trainini
- Biotechnology Laboratory and Department of Diagnostics, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Barbara Borroni
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology Unit, Department of Continuity of Care and Frailty, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Padovani
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Neurology Unit, Department of Continuity of Care and Frailty, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy; Brain Health Center, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alberto Benussi
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Neurology Clinic, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, Trieste University Hospital, Trieste, Italy.
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Xu B, Ling Y, Liu L, Liu Y, Lin Y, Lyu J, Zhang Y. Potential prognostic value of CSF-targeted proteomics across the Alzheimer's disease continuum. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:501. [PMID: 38844858 PMCID: PMC11157758 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-05104-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Core biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD), such as Aβ42 and tau, have demonstrated high prognostic accuracy but do not fully capture the complex pathophysiology of AD. In this study, our objective was to identify novel cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers using proteomics across the entire AD continuum to predict conversion to AD and explore their involvement in AD pathogenesis. METHODS A cohort of 186 cognitively normal (CN), 127 subjective memory complaint (SMC), 79 early mild cognitive impairment (EMCI), 249 late MCI (LMCI), and 132 AD individuals was analyzed, with a follow-up period of over 3 years for non-AD participants. CSF 65 peptides, as well as hippocampal and entorhinal volumes were analyzed, and cognitive function was evaluated using the 13-item cognitive subscale of the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale (ADAS-Cog 13). Cox proportional hazards models and mediation analysis were performed to investigate associations and causal relationships. RESULTS During the follow-up, approximately one-fourth (146/580) of the non-AD participants progressed to AD. After adjusting for baseline diagnosis (CN to LMCI) and other variables, multivariable Cox regression analysis identified three peptides (VAELEDEK, VSFELFADK, and VVSSIEQK) as significant predictors of conversion to AD. Incorporating these three peptides into the initial model significantly improved the C-statistic from 0.82 to 0.85 for predicting AD conversion, surpassing the predictive ability of Aβ42 and P-tau. Moreover, hippocampal and entorhinal volumes mediated 30.3-53.8% of the association between the three peptides and ADAS-Cog 13 scores. CONCLUSIONS These findings underscore the potential of these three peptides as robust prognostic biomarker candidates for AD conversion across the entire AD continuum, with a mechanism involving the mediation of hippocampal and entorhinal volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingdong Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No. 613, Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P.R. China
| | - Yitong Ling
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No. 613, Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P.R. China
| | - Leiyuan Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No. 613, Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P.R. China
| | - Yujun Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No. 613, Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P.R. China
| | - Yingze Lin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No. 613, Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P.R. China
| | - Jun Lyu
- Department of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yusheng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No. 613, Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P.R. China.
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Yang P, Li Y, Qian K, Zhou L, Cheng Y, Wu J, Xu M, Wang T, Yang X, Mu Y, Liu X, Zhang Q. Precise Modulation of Pericyte Dysfunction by a Multifunctional Nanoprodrug to Ameliorate Alzheimer's Disease. ACS NANO 2024; 18:14348-14366. [PMID: 38768086 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Pericyte dysfunction severely undermines cerebrovascular integrity and exacerbates neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, pericyte-targeted therapy is a yet-untapped frontier for AD. Inspired by the elevation of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in pericyte lesions, we fabricated a multifunctional nanoprodrug by conjugating the hybrid peptide VLC, a fusion of the VCAM-1 high-affinity peptide VHS and the neuroprotective apolipoprotein mimetic peptide COG1410, to curcumin (Cur) through phenylboronic ester bond (VLC@Cur-NPs) to alleviate complex pericyte-related pathological changes. Importantly, VLC@Cur-NPs effectively homed to pericyte lesions via VLC and released their contents upon ROS stimulation to maximize their regulatory effects. Consequently, VLC@Cur-NPs markedly increased pericyte regeneration to form a positive feedback loop and thus improved neurovascular function and ultimately alleviated memory defects in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. We present a promising therapeutic strategy for AD that can precisely modulate pericytes and has the potential to treat other cerebrovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixian Li
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Qian
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunlong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Minjun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongkang Mu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Qizhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
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Biasetti L, Zervogiannis N, Shaw K, Trewhitt H, Serpell L, Bailey D, Wright E, Hall CN. Risk factors for severe COVID-19 disease increase SARS-CoV-2 infectivity of endothelial cells and pericytes. Open Biol 2024; 14:230349. [PMID: 38862017 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.230349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was initially considered a primarily respiratory disease but is now known to affect other organs including the heart and brain. A major route by which COVID-19 impacts different organs is via the vascular system. We studied the impact of apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype and inflammation on vascular infectivity by pseudo-typed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viruses in mouse and human cultured endothelial cells and pericytes. Possessing the APOE4 allele or having existing systemic inflammation is known to enhance the severity of COVID-19. Using targeted replacement human APOE3 and APOE4 mice and inflammation induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), we investigated infection by SARS-CoV-2. Here, we show that infectivity was higher in murine cerebrovascular pericytes compared to endothelial cells and higher in cultures expressing APOE4. Furthermore, increasing the inflammatory state of the cells by prior incubation with LPS increased infectivity into human and mouse pericytes and human endothelial cells. Our findings provide insights into the mechanisms underlying severe COVID-19 infection, highlighting how risk factors such as APOE4 genotype and prior inflammation may exacerbate disease severity by augmenting the virus's ability to infect vascular cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Biasetti
- Sussex Neuroscience, School of Psychology, University of Sussex , East Sussex BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Nikos Zervogiannis
- Sussex Neuroscience, School of Psychology, University of Sussex , East Sussex BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Kira Shaw
- Sussex Neuroscience, School of Psychology, University of Sussex , East Sussex BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Harry Trewhitt
- Sussex Neuroscience, School of Psychology, University of Sussex , East Sussex BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Louise Serpell
- Sussex Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex , East Sussex BN1 9QG, UK
| | | | - Edward Wright
- Viral Pseudotype Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex , , East Sussex BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Catherine N Hall
- Sussex Neuroscience, School of Psychology, University of Sussex , East Sussex BN1 9QG, UK
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Meshref M, Ghaith HS, Hammad MA, Shalaby MMM, Ayasra F, Monib FA, Attia MS, Ebada MA, Elsayed H, Shalash A, Bahbah EI. The Role of RIN3 Gene in Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis: a Comprehensive Review. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:3528-3544. [PMID: 37995081 PMCID: PMC11087354 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03802-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a globally prevalent form of dementia that impacts diverse populations and is characterized by progressive neurodegeneration and impairments in executive memory. Although the exact mechanisms underlying AD pathogenesis remain unclear, it is commonly accepted that the aggregation of misfolded proteins, such as amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tau tangles, plays a critical role. Additionally, AD is a multifactorial condition influenced by various genetic factors and can manifest as either early-onset AD (EOAD) or late-onset AD (LOAD), each associated with specific gene variants. One gene of particular interest in both EOAD and LOAD is RIN3, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor. This gene plays a multifaceted role in AD pathogenesis. Firstly, upregulation of RIN3 can result in endosomal enlargement and dysfunction, thereby facilitating the accumulation of beta-amyloid (Aβ) peptides in the brain. Secondly, RIN3 has been shown to impact the PICLAM pathway, affecting transcytosis across the blood-brain barrier. Lastly, RIN3 has implications for immune-mediated responses, notably through its influence on the PTK2B gene. This review aims to provide a concise overview of AD and delve into the role of the RIN3 gene in its pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Meshref
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | | | | | - Faris Ayasra
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | | | - Mohamed S Attia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | - Hanaa Elsayed
- Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ali Shalash
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eshak I Bahbah
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt.
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Wang Y, Wang C, Yang X, Ni K, Jiang L, Xu L, Liu Q, Xu X, Gu X, Liu Y, Ma Z. Inhibition of Cyclophilin A-Metalloproteinase-9 Pathway Alleviates the Development of Neuropathic Pain by Promoting Repair of the Blood-Spinal Cord Barrier. Anesth Analg 2024; 138:1313-1323. [PMID: 38009963 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000006705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysfunction of the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) contributes to the occurrence and development of neuropathic pain (NP). Previous studies revealed that the activation of cyclophilin A (CypA)-metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) signaling pathway can disrupt the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and aggravate neuroinflammatory responses. However, the roles of CypA-MMP9 signaling pathway on BSCB in NP have not been studied. This study aimed to investigate the effect of CypA on the structure and function of the BSCB and pain behaviors in mice with NP. METHODS We first created the mouse chronic constriction injury (CCI) model, and they were then intraperitoneally injected with the CypA inhibitor cyclosporine A (CsA) or vehicle. Pain behaviors, the structure and function of the BSCB, the involvement of the CypA-MMP9 signaling pathway, microglia activation, and expression levels of proinflammatory factors in mice were examined. RESULTS CCI mice presented mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia, impaired permeability of the BSCB, downregulated tight junction proteins, activated CypA-MMP9 signaling pathway, microglia activation, and upregulated proinflammatory factors, which were significantly alleviated by inhibition of CypA. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, the CypA-MMP9 signaling pathway is responsible for CCI-induced NP in mice by impairing the structure and function of the BSCB, and activating microglia and inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenchen Wang
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuli Yang
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kun Ni
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Xu
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Liu
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuan Xu
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoping Gu
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Liu
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengliang Ma
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Xie PL, Zheng MY, Han R, Chen WX, Mao JH. Pharmacological mTOR inhibitors in ameliorating Alzheimer's disease: current review and perspectives. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1366061. [PMID: 38873415 PMCID: PMC11169825 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1366061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, pharmacological mammalian/mechanistic targets of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase inhibitors have been used during transplantation and tumor treatment. Emerging pre-clinical evidence from the last decade displayed the surprising effectiveness of mTOR inhibitors in ameliorating Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive function decline and memory loss. Research shows mTOR activation as an early event in AD development, and inhibiting mTOR may promote the resolution of many hallmarks of Alzheimer's. Aberrant protein aggregation, including amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition and tau filaments, and cognitive defects, are reversed upon mTOR inhibition. A closer inspection of the evidence highlighted a temporal dependence and a hallmark-specific nature of such beneficial effects. Time of administration relative to disease progression, and a maintenance of a functional lysosomal system, could modulate its effectiveness. Moreover, mTOR inhibition also exerts distinct effects between neurons, glial cells, and endothelial cells. Different pharmacological properties of the inhibitors also produce different effects based on different blood-brain barrier (BBB) entry capacities and mTOR inhibition sites. This questions the effectiveness of mTOR inhibition as a viable AD intervention strategy. In this review, we first summarize the different mTOR inhibitors available and their characteristics. We then comprehensively update and discuss the pre-clinical results of mTOR inhibition to resolve many of the hallmarks of AD. Key pathologies discussed include Aβ deposition, tauopathies, aberrant neuroinflammation, and neurovascular system breakdowns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Lun Xie
- University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ran Han
- Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Xin Chen
- Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Hua Mao
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Hu Y, Zhu T, Zhang W. The characteristics of brain atrophy prior to the onset of Alzheimer's disease: a longitudinal study. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1344920. [PMID: 38863784 PMCID: PMC11165148 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1344920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective We aimed to use the onset time of Alzheimer's disease (AD) as the reference time to longitudinally investigate the atrophic characteristics of brain structures prior to the onset of AD. Materials and methods A total of 328 participants from the ADNI database with clear onset of AD and structural imaging data were included in our study. The time before the onset of AD (abbreviated as BAD) was calculated. We investigated the longitudinal brain changes in 97 regions using multivariate linear mixed effects regression models. Results The average BAD was -28.15 months, with a range from -156 to 0 months. The 54 brain regions showed significant atrophy prior to the onset of AD, and these regions were mainly distributed in the frontal and temporal lobes. The parietal and occipital lobe exhibited relatively less atrophy than the other brain lobes. Sex, age, and magnetic field strength had greater direct impacts on structural indicators than APOE genotype and education. The analysis of interaction effects revealed that the APOE ε4 mutation carriers exhibited more severe structural changes in specific brain regions as the BAD increased. However, sex, age, and education had minimal regulatory influence on the structural changes associated with BAD. Conclusion Longitudinal analysis, with the onset time point of AD as the reference, can accurately describe the features of structural changes preceding the onset of AD and provide a comprehensive understanding of AD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Hu
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Zhu
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Mental Health Center of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Med-X Center for Informatics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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11
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Hu Y, Hu XD, He ZQ, Liu Y, Gui YK, Zhu SH, Da X, Liu YN, Liu LX, Shen QY, Xu GH. Anesthesia/surgery activate MMP9 leading to blood-brain barrier disruption, triggering neuroinflammation and POD-like behavior in aged mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 135:112290. [PMID: 38796964 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Anesthesia and surgery activate matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), leading to blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and postoperative delirium (POD)-like behavior, especially in the elderly. Aged mice received intraperitoneal injections of either the MMP9 inhibitor SB-3CT, melatonin, or solvent, and underwent laparotomy under 3 % sevoflurane anesthesia(anesthesia/surgery). Behavioral tests were performed 24 h pre- and post-operatively. Serum and cortical tissue levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured using ELISA. Levels of PDGFRβ, MMP9, tight junction, Mfsd2a, caveolin-1, synaptophysin, and postsynaptic densin (PSD)-95 proteins in the prefrontal cortex were assayed using Western blotting. BBB permeability was assessed by detecting IgG in the prefrontal cortex and serum S100β levels. Anesthesia/surgery-induced peripheral inflammation activated MMP9, which in turn injured pericytes and tight junctions and increased transcytosis, thereby disrupting the BBB. Impaired BBB allowed the migration of peripheral inflammation into the central nervous system (CNS), thereby inducing neuroinflammation, synaptic dysfunction, and POD-like behaviors. However, MMP9 inhibition reduced pericyte and tight junction injury and transcytosis, thereby preserving BBB function and preventing the migration of peripheral inflammation into the CNS, thus attenuating synaptic dysfunction and POD-like behavior. In addition, to further validate the above findings, we showed that melatonin exerted similar effects through inhibition of MMP9. The present study shows that after anesthesia/surgery, inflammatory cytokines upregulation is involved in regulating BBB permeability in aged mice through activation of MMP9, suggesting that MMP9 may be a potential target for the prevention of POD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Xu-Dong Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Zi-Qing He
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Yong-Kang Gui
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Si-Hui Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Xin Da
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Yi-Nuo Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Li-Xia Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Qi-Ying Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China.
| | - Guang-Hong Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China.
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12
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Yuan Z, Li X, Hao Z, Tang Z, Yao X, Wu T. Intelligent prediction of Alzheimer's disease via improved multifeature squeeze-and-excitation-dilated residual network. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11994. [PMID: 38796518 PMCID: PMC11127948 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62712-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to address the issue of larger prediction errors existing in intelligent predictive tasks related to Alzheimer's disease (AD). A cohort of 487 enrolled participants was categorized into three groups: normal control (138 individuals), mild cognitive impairment (238 patients), and AD (111 patients) in this study. An improved multifeature squeeze-and-excitation-dilated residual network (MFSE-DRN) was proposed for two important AD predictions: clinical scores and conversion probability. The model was characterized as three modules: squeeze-and-excitation-dilated residual block (SE-DRB), multifusion pooling (MF-Pool), and multimodal feature fusion. To assess its performance, the proposed model was compared with two other novel models: ranking convolutional neural network (RCNN) and 3D vision geometrical group network (3D-VGGNet). Our method showed the best performance in the two AD predicted tasks. For the clinical scores prediction, the root-mean-square errors (RMSEs) and mean absolute errors (MAEs) of mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and AD assessment scale-cognitive 11-item (ADAS-11) were 1.97, 1.46 and 4.20, 3.19 within 6 months; 2.48, 1.69 and 4.81, 3.44 within 12 months; 2.67, 1.86 and 5.81, 3.83 within 24 months; 3.02, 2.03 and 5.09, 3.43 within 36 months, respectively. At the AD conversion probability prediction, the prediction accuracies within 12, 24, and 36 months reached to 88.0, 85.5, and 88.4%, respectively. The AD predication would play a great role in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengbei Yuan
- College of Medical Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Xinlin Li
- College of Medical Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Zezhou Hao
- College of Medical Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Zhixian Tang
- College of Medical Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Xufeng Yao
- College of Medical Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China.
| | - Tao Wu
- College of Medical Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
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13
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Liu LC, Liang JY, Liu YH, Liu B, Dong XH, Cai WH, Zhang N. The Intersection of cerebral cholesterol metabolism and Alzheimer's disease: Mechanisms and therapeutic prospects. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30523. [PMID: 38726205 PMCID: PMC11079309 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease in the elderly, the exact pathogenesis of which remains incompletely understood, and effective preventive and therapeutic drugs are currently lacking. Cholesterol plays a vital role in cell membrane formation and neurotransmitter synthesis, and its abnormal metabolism is associated with the onset of AD. With the continuous advancement of imaging techniques and molecular biology methods, researchers can more accurately explore the relationship between cholesterol metabolism and AD. Elevated cholesterol levels may lead to vascular dysfunction, thereby affecting neuronal function. Additionally, abnormal cholesterol metabolism may affect the metabolism of β-amyloid protein, thereby promoting the onset of AD. Brain cholesterol levels are regulated by multiple factors. This review aims to deepen the understanding of the subtle relationship between cholesterol homeostasis and AD, and to introduce the latest advances in cholesterol-regulating AD treatment strategies, thereby inspiring readers to contemplate deeply on this complex relationship. Although there are still many unresolved important issues regarding the risk of brain cholesterol and AD, and some studies may have opposite conclusions, further research is needed to enrich our understanding. However, these findings are expected to deepen our understanding of the pathogenesis of AD and provide important insights for the future development of AD treatment strategies targeting brain cholesterol homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-cheng Liu
- Pharmaceutical Branch, Harbin Pharmaceutical Group Co., Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jun-yi Liang
- Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yan-hong Liu
- Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiao-hong Dong
- Jiamusi College, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Wen-hui Cai
- Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
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14
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Kotredes KP, Pandey RS, Persohn S, Elderidge K, Burton CP, Miner EW, Haynes KA, Santos DFS, Williams SP, Heaton N, Ingraham CM, Lloyd C, Garceau D, O'Rourke R, Herrick S, Rangel-Barajas C, Maharjan S, Wang N, Sasner M, Lamb BT, Territo PR, Sukoff Rizzo SJ, Carter GW, Howell GR, Oblak AL. Characterizing molecular and synaptic signatures in mouse models of late-onset Alzheimer's disease independent of amyloid and tau pathology. Alzheimers Dement 2024. [PMID: 38735056 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION MODEL-AD (Model Organism Development and Evaluation for Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease) is creating and distributing novel mouse models with humanized, clinically relevant genetic risk factors to capture the trajectory and progression of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) more accurately. METHODS We created the LOAD2 model by combining apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4), Trem2*R47H, and humanized amyloid-beta (Aβ). Mice were subjected to a control diet or a high-fat/high-sugar diet (LOAD2+HFD). We assessed disease-relevant outcome measures in plasma and brain including neuroinflammation, Aβ, neurodegeneration, neuroimaging, and multi-omics. RESULTS By 18 months, LOAD2+HFD mice exhibited sex-specific neuron loss, elevated insoluble brain Aβ42, increased plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL), and altered gene/protein expression related to lipid metabolism and synaptic function. Imaging showed reductions in brain volume and neurovascular uncoupling. Deficits in acquiring touchscreen-based cognitive tasks were observed. DISCUSSION The comprehensive characterization of LOAD2+HFD mice reveals that this model is important for preclinical studies seeking to understand disease trajectory and progression of LOAD prior to or independent of amyloid plaques and tau tangles. HIGHLIGHTS By 18 months, unlike control mice (e.g., LOAD2 mice fed a control diet, CD), LOAD2+HFD mice presented subtle but significant loss of neurons in the cortex, elevated levels of insoluble Ab42 in the brain, and increased plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL). Transcriptomics and proteomics showed changes in gene/proteins relating to a variety of disease-relevant processes including lipid metabolism and synaptic function. In vivo imaging revealed an age-dependent reduction in brain region volume (MRI) and neurovascular uncoupling (PET/CT). LOAD2+HFD mice also demonstrated deficits in acquisition of touchscreen-based cognitive tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ravi S Pandey
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Scott Persohn
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Kierra Elderidge
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Charles P Burton
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Ethan W Miner
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Kathryn A Haynes
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Diogo Francisco S Santos
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sean-Paul Williams
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nicholas Heaton
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Claudia Rangel-Barajas
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Surendra Maharjan
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Nian Wang
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | | | - Bruce T Lamb
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Paul R Territo
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Stacey J Sukoff Rizzo
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Gregory W Carter
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, USA
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
- Tufts University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
| | - Gareth R Howell
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, USA
- Tufts University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
| | - Adrian L Oblak
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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15
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Onos KD, Lin PB, Pandey RS, Persohn SA, Burton CP, Miner EW, Eldridge K, Kanyinda JN, Foley KE, Carter GW, Howell GR, Territo PR. Assessment of neurovascular uncoupling: APOE status is a key driver of early metabolic and vascular dysfunction. Alzheimers Dement 2024. [PMID: 38713704 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia worldwide, with apolipoprotein Eε4 (APOEε4) being the strongest genetic risk factor. Current clinical diagnostic imaging focuses on amyloid and tau; however, new methods are needed for earlier detection. METHODS PET imaging was used to assess metabolism-perfusion in both sexes of aging C57BL/6J, and hAPOE mice, and were verified by transcriptomics, and immunopathology. RESULTS All hAPOE strains showed AD phenotype progression by 8 months, with females exhibiting the regional changes, which correlated with GO-term enrichments for glucose metabolism, perfusion, and immunity. Uncoupling analysis revealed APOEε4/ε4 exhibited significant Type-1 uncoupling (↓ glucose uptake, ↑ perfusion) at 8 and 12 months, while APOEε3/ε4 demonstrated Type-2 uncoupling (↑ glucose uptake, ↓ perfusion), while immunopathology confirmed cell specific contributions. DISCUSSION This work highlights APOEε4 status in AD progression manifests as neurovascular uncoupling driven by immunological activation, and may serve as an early diagnostic biomarker. HIGHLIGHTS We developed a novel analytical method to analyze PET imaging of 18F-FDG and 64Cu-PTSM data in both sexes of aging C57BL/6J, and hAPOEε3/ε3, hAPOEε4/ε4, and hAPOEε3/ε4 mice to assess metabolism-perfusion profiles termed neurovascular uncoupling. This analysis revealed APOEε4/ε4 exhibited significant Type-1 uncoupling (decreased glucose uptake, increased perfusion) at 8 and 12 months, while APOEε3/ε4 demonstrated significant Type-2 uncoupling (increased glucose uptake, decreased perfusion) by 8 months which aligns with immunopathology and transcriptomic signatures. This work highlights that there may be different mechanisms underlying age related changes in APOEε4/ε4 compared with APOEε3/ε4. We predict that these changes may be driven by immunological activation and response, and may serve as an early diagnostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter B Lin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ravi S Pandey
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Scott A Persohn
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Charles P Burton
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Ethan W Miner
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Kierra Eldridge
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | | | - Kate E Foley
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Gregory W Carter
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, USA
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Paul R Territo
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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Ahmed H, Wang Y, Griffiths WJ, Levey AI, Pikuleva I, Liang SH, Haider A. Brain cholesterol and Alzheimer's disease: challenges and opportunities in probe and drug development. Brain 2024; 147:1622-1635. [PMID: 38301270 PMCID: PMC11068113 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awae028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol homeostasis is impaired in Alzheimer's disease; however, attempts to modulate brain cholesterol biology have not translated into tangible clinical benefits for patients to date. Several recent milestone developments have substantially improved our understanding of how excess neuronal cholesterol contributes to the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease. Indeed, neuronal cholesterol was linked to the formation of amyloid-β and neurofibrillary tangles through molecular pathways that were recently delineated in mechanistic studies. Furthermore, remarkable advances in translational molecular imaging have now made it possible to probe cholesterol metabolism in the living human brain with PET, which is an important prerequisite for future clinical trials that target the brain cholesterol machinery in Alzheimer's disease patients-with the ultimate aim being to develop disease-modifying treatments. This work summarizes current concepts of how the biosynthesis, transport and clearance of brain cholesterol are affected in Alzheimer's disease. Further, current strategies to reverse these alterations by pharmacotherapy are critically discussed in the wake of emerging translational research tools that support the assessment of brain cholesterol biology not only in animal models but also in patients with Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazem Ahmed
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences ETH, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yuqin Wang
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - William J Griffiths
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Allan I Levey
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Irina Pikuleva
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Steven H Liang
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Ahmed Haider
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
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Tsujita M, Melchior JT, Yokoyama S. Lipoprotein Particles in Cerebrospinal Fluid. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:1042-1052. [PMID: 38545782 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.318284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The brain is the most lipid-rich organ in the body, and the intricate interplay between lipid metabolism and pathologies associated with neurodegenerative disorders is being increasingly recognized. The brain is bathed in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which, like plasma, contains lipid-protein complexes called lipoproteins that are responsible for extracellular lipid transport. Multiple CSF lipoprotein populations exist, some of which are produced de novo in the central nervous system and others that appear to be generated from protein constituents that are produced in the periphery. These CSF lipoproteins are thought to play key roles in maintaining lipid homeostasis in the central nervous system, while little else is known due to their limited accessibility and their low abundance in CSF. Recent work has provided new insights into the compositional complexity of CSF lipoprotein families and their metabolism in cerebral circulation. The purpose of this review is to summarize our current state of knowledge on the composition, origin, and metabolism of CSF lipoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maki Tsujita
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Japan (M.T.)
| | - John T Melchior
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington (J.T.M.)
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Lipid and Arteriosclerosis Science, University of Cincinnati, OH (J.T.M.)
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (J.T.M.)
| | - Shinji Yokoyama
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan (S.Y.)
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18
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Zapata-Acevedo JF, Mantilla-Galindo A, Vargas-Sánchez K, González-Reyes RE. Blood-brain barrier biomarkers. Adv Clin Chem 2024; 121:1-88. [PMID: 38797540 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a dynamic interface that regulates the exchange of molecules and cells between the brain parenchyma and the peripheral blood. The BBB is mainly composed of endothelial cells, astrocytes and pericytes. The integrity of this structure is essential for maintaining brain and spinal cord homeostasis and protection from injury or disease. However, in various neurological disorders, such as traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer's disease, and multiple sclerosis, the BBB can become compromised thus allowing passage of molecules and cells in and out of the central nervous system parenchyma. These agents, however, can serve as biomarkers of BBB permeability and neuronal damage, and provide valuable information for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. Herein, we provide an overview of the BBB and changes due to aging, and summarize current knowledge on biomarkers of BBB disruption and neurodegeneration, including permeability, cellular, molecular and imaging biomarkers. We also discuss the challenges and opportunities for developing a biomarker toolkit that can reliably assess the BBB in physiologic and pathophysiologic states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan F Zapata-Acevedo
- Grupo de Investigación en Neurociencias, Centro de Neurociencia Neurovitae-UR, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Alejandra Mantilla-Galindo
- Grupo de Investigación en Neurociencias, Centro de Neurociencia Neurovitae-UR, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Karina Vargas-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología Celular, Grupo de Neurociencia Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Rodrigo E González-Reyes
- Grupo de Investigación en Neurociencias, Centro de Neurociencia Neurovitae-UR, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia.
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Chen X, Zheng Z, Liu X, Huang J, Xie D, Feng Y. Traditional and non-traditional lipid parameters as risk factors for sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2024; 90:101435. [PMID: 38714080 PMCID: PMC11096716 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2024.101435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose was to explore the effects of traditional and non-traditional lipid parameters on Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SSNHL). METHODS The study included 452 patients diagnosed with SSNHL, among whom 206 patients had a level of hearing improvement ≥10 dB after one month of follow-up. A propensity score-matched (2:1) control group was used. Conditional and unconditional logistic regression were used to analyze the risk factors for SSNHL. RESULTS Patients with SSNHL had a higher risk of concomitant hypertension and elevated atherosclerogenic lipid levels, with apolipoprotein B and apolipoprotein E identified as independent risk factors for the onset of SSNHL. Additionally, the Lipid Comprehensive Index (LCI) was an independent risk factor for the degree of hearing loss. A positive linear correlation was revealed between triglyceride, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, atherogenic index, Castelli risk index, atherogenic index of plasma, LCI and hearing loss. However, no linear relationship was observed between hearing gain and any lipid parameters. When Total Cholesterol (TC) was in the range of borderline high, the treatment effect was the best. However, the statistical significance disappeared upon adjusting for confounding factors. CONCLUSION Patients with SSNHL exhibited markedly dysregulated lipid metabolism. Elevated serum lipid levels may be a causative factor in auditory impairment and can influence the extent of hearing loss. Promptly improving cochlear microcirculation may benefit patients with borderline elevated TC. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Chen
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhong Zheng
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai, China
| | - Ximeng Liu
- Hangzhou Normal University, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jianuo Huang
- Hangzhou Normal University, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Daoyu Xie
- Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Yanmei Feng
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai, China.
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20
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Rasmussen KL, Frikke-Schmidt R. The current state of apolipoprotein E in dyslipidemia. Curr Opin Lipidol 2024; 35:78-84. [PMID: 38054895 DOI: 10.1097/mol.0000000000000915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Apolipoprotein E (apoE) plays a pivotal role in lipid metabolism in the peripheral circulation and in the brain. This has been recognized for decades; however, the importance of the full spectrum of variation in the APOE gene has been less investigated. This review focusses on current progresses in this field with main focus on apoE in dyslipidemia and vascular disease. RECENT FINDINGS Whereas ε4 is the risk increasing allele for Alzheimer disease, ε2 is associated with increased risk for age-related macular degeneration. Rare functional ε2-like variants in APOE have previously been reported to have protective associations for Alzheimer disease but recent findings suggest a simultaneous high risk of age-related macular degeneration, in line with observations for the ε2 allele. SUMMARY ApoE plays an important and well established role in dyslipidemia, vascular disease, and dementia. Recent evidence from large general population studies now also suggests that apoE is involved in age-related macular degeneration. ApoE-targeted therapeutics are being developed for multiple purposes; this heralds a promising change in the approach to disease processes involving apoE. The different risk profile for dementia and age-related macular degeneration should, however, be kept in mind when developing drugs targeting mechanisms resembling these variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrine L Rasmussen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød
- The Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Herlev
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ruth Frikke-Schmidt
- The Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Herlev
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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21
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Feng L, Li Y, Lin M, Xie D, Luo Y, Zhang Y, He Z, Gong Q, Zhun ZY, Gao J. Trilobatin attenuates cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion-induced blood-brain barrier dysfunction by targeting matrix metalloproteinase 9: The legend of a food additive. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:1005-1027. [PMID: 37723895 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown is one of the crucial pathological changes of cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Trilobatin (TLB), a naturally occurring food additive, exerts neuroprotective effects against cerebral I/R injury as demonstrated in our previous study. This study was designed to investigate the effect of TLB on BBB disruption after cerebral I/R injury. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Rats with focal cerebral ischaemia caused by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion were studied along with brain microvascular endothelial cells and human astrocytes to mimic BBB injury caused by oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). KEY RESULTS The results showed that TLB effectively maintained BBB integrity and inhibited neuronal loss following cerebral I/R challenge. Furthermore, TLB increased tight junction proteins including ZO-1, Occludin and Claudin 5, and decreased the levels of apolipoprotein E (APOE) 4, cyclophilin A (CypA) and phosphorylated nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), thereby reducing proinflammatory cytokines. TLB also decreased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and cleaved-caspase 3 levels along with a reduced number of apoptotic neurons. Molecular docking and transcriptomics predicted MMP9 as a prominent gene evoked by TLB treatment. The protective effects of TLB on cerebral I/R-induced BBB breakdown was largely abolished by overexpression of MMP9, and the beneficial effects of TLB on OGD/R-induced loss of BBB integrity in human brain microvascular endothelial cells and astrocyte co-cultures was markedly reinforced by knockdown of MMP9. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our findings reveal a novel property of TLB: preventing BBB disruption following cerebral I/R via targeting MMP9 and inhibiting APOE4/CypA/NF-κB axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linying Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yeli Li
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Mu Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Dianyou Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yunmei Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yuandong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zhixu He
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qihai Gong
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zhu Yi Zhun
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China
| | - Jianmei Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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22
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Todorov-Völgyi K, González-Gallego J, Müller SA, Beaufort N, Malik R, Schifferer M, Todorov MI, Crusius D, Robinson S, Schmidt A, Körbelin J, Bareyre F, Ertürk A, Haass C, Simons M, Paquet D, Lichtenthaler SF, Dichgans M. Proteomics of mouse brain endothelium uncovers dysregulation of vesicular transport pathways during aging. NATURE AGING 2024; 4:595-612. [PMID: 38519806 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-024-00598-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Age-related decline in brain endothelial cell (BEC) function contributes critically to neurological disease. Comprehensive atlases of the BEC transcriptome have become available, but results from proteomic profiling are lacking. To gain insights into endothelial pathways affected by aging, we developed a magnetic-activated cell sorting-based mouse BEC enrichment protocol compatible with proteomics and resolved the profiles of protein abundance changes during aging. Unsupervised cluster analysis revealed a segregation of age-related protein dynamics with biological functions, including a downregulation of vesicle-mediated transport. We found a dysregulation of key regulators of endocytosis and receptor recycling (most prominently Arf6), macropinocytosis and lysosomal degradation. In gene deletion and overexpression experiments, Arf6 affected endocytosis pathways in endothelial cells. Our approach uncovered changes not picked up by transcriptomic studies, such as accumulation of vesicle cargo and receptor ligands, including Apoe. Proteomic analysis of BECs from Apoe-deficient mice revealed a signature of accelerated aging. Our findings provide a resource for analysing BEC function during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Todorov-Völgyi
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Judit González-Gallego
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Graduate School of Systemic Neuroscience (GSN), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephan A Müller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Neuroproteomics, School of Medicine and Health, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nathalie Beaufort
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Rainer Malik
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martina Schifferer
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Mihail Ivilinov Todorov
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Dennis Crusius
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sophie Robinson
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Graduate School of Systemic Neuroscience (GSN), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andree Schmidt
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Neuroproteomics, School of Medicine and Health, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jakob Körbelin
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Florence Bareyre
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Biomedical Center Munich (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Ali Ertürk
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christian Haass
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
- Division of Metabolic Biochemistry, Biomedical Center Munich (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Mikael Simons
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik Paquet
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan F Lichtenthaler
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Neuroproteomics, School of Medicine and Health, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Dichgans
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany.
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.
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23
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Eisenbaum M, Pearson A, Ortiz C, Koprivica M, Cembran A, Mullan M, Crawford F, Ojo J, Bachmeier C. Repetitive head trauma and apoE4 induce chronic cerebrovascular alterations that impair tau elimination from the brain. Exp Neurol 2024; 374:114702. [PMID: 38301863 PMCID: PMC10922621 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Repetitive mild traumatic brain injuries (r-mTBI) sustained in the military or contact sports have been associated with the accumulation of extracellular tau in the brain, which may contribute to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative tauopathies. The expression of the apolipoprotein E4 (apoE4) isoform has been associated with higher levels of tau in the brain, and worse clinical outcomes after r-mTBI, though the influence of apoE genotype on extracellular tau dynamics in the brain is poorly understood. We recently demonstrated that extracellular tau can be eliminated across blood-brain barrier (BBB), which is progressively impaired following r-mTBI. The current studies investigated the influence of repetitive mild TBI (r-mTBI) and apoE genotype on the elimination of extracellular solutes from the brain. Following intracortical injection of biotin-labeled tau into humanized apoE-Tr mice, the levels of exogenous tau residing in the brain of apoE4 mice were elevated compared to other isoforms, indicating reduced tau elimination. Additionally, we found exposure to r-mTBI increased tau residence in apoE2 mice, similar to our observations in E2FAD animals. Each of these findings may be the result of diminished tau efflux via LRP1 at the BBB, as LRP1 inhibition significantly reduced tau uptake in endothelial cells and decreased tau transit across an in vitro model of the BBB (basolateral-to-apical). Notably, we showed that injury and apoE status, (particularly apoE4) resulted in chronic alterations in BBB integrity, pericyte coverage, and AQP4 polarization. These aberrations coincided with an atypical reactive astrocytic gene signature indicative of diminished CSF-ISF exchange. Our work found that CSF movement was reduced in the chronic phase following r-mTBI (>18 months post injury) across all apoE genotypes. In summary, we show that apoE genotype strongly influences cerebrovascular homeostasis, which can lead to age-dependent deficiencies in the elimination of toxic proteins from the brain, like tau, particularly in the aftermath of head trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Fiona Crawford
- The Roskamp Institute, Sarasota, FL, USA; James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Joseph Ojo
- The Roskamp Institute, Sarasota, FL, USA
| | - Corbin Bachmeier
- The Roskamp Institute, Sarasota, FL, USA; Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Bay Pines, FL, USA
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24
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Zeng J, Liao Z, Yang H, Wang Q, Wu Z, Hua F, Zhou Z. T cell infiltration mediates neurodegeneration and cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 193:106461. [PMID: 38437992 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder with pathological features of β-amyloid (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau protein accumulation in the brain, often accompanied by cognitive decline. So far, our understanding of the extent and role of adaptive immune responses in AD has been quite limited. T cells, as essential members of the adaptive immune system, exhibit quantitative and functional abnormalities in the brains of AD patients. Dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in AD is considered one of the factors leading to T cell infiltration. Moreover, the degree of neuronal loss in AD is correlated with the quantity of T cells. We first describe the differentiation and subset functions of peripheral T cells in AD patients and provide an overview of the key findings related to BBB dysfunction and how T cells infiltrate the brain parenchyma through the BBB. Furthermore, we emphasize the risk factors associated with AD, including Aβ, Tau protein, microglial cells, apolipoprotein E (ApoE), and neuroinflammation. We discuss their regulation of T cell activation and proliferation, as well as the connection between T cells, neurodegeneration, and cognitive decline. Understanding the innate immune response is crucial for providing comprehensive personalized therapeutic strategies for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjian Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, Jiangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, 1# Minde Road, 330006 Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liao
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, Jiangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, 1# Minde Road, 330006 Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Hanqin Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, Jiangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, 1# Minde Road, 330006 Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, Jiangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, 1# Minde Road, 330006 Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zhiyong Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, Jiangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, 1# Minde Road, 330006 Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Fuzhou Hua
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, Jiangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, 1# Minde Road, 330006 Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China.
| | - Zhidong Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006 Nanchang, Jiangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi Province, 1# Minde Road, 330006 Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China.
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25
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Bonomi CG, Martorana A, Fiorelli D, Nuccetelli M, Placidi F, Mercuri NB, Motta C. Constitutive NOS Production Is Modulated by Alzheimer's Disease Pathology Depending on APOE Genotype. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3725. [PMID: 38612537 PMCID: PMC11011586 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Both the endothelial (eNOS) and the neuronal (nNOS) isoforms of constitutive Nitric Oxide Synthase have been implicated in vascular dysfunctions in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We aimed to explore the relationship between amyloid pathology and NO dynamics by comparing the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of nNOS and eNOS of 8 healthy controls (HC) and 27 patients with a clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and isolated CSF amyloid changes, stratified according to APOE ε genotype (APOE ε3 = 13, APOE ε4 = 14). Moreover, we explored the associations between NOS isoforms, CSF AD biomarkers, age, sex, cognitive decline, and blood-brain barrier permeability. In our cohort, both eNOS and nNOS levels were increased in APOE ε3 with respect to HC and APOE ε4. CSF eNOS inversely correlated with CSF Amyloid-β42 selectively in carriers of APOE ε3; CSF nNOS was negatively associated with age and CSF p-tau only in the APOE ε4 subgroup. Increased eNOS could represent compensative vasodilation to face progressive Aβ-induced vasoconstriction in APOE ε3, while nNOS could represent the activation of NO-mediated plasticity strategies in the same group. Our results confirm previous findings that the APOE genotype is linked with different vascular responses to AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Giuseppina Bonomi
- UOSD Memory Clinic, Policlinico Tor Vergata, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.G.B.); (C.M.)
| | - Alessandro Martorana
- UOSD Memory Clinic, Policlinico Tor Vergata, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.G.B.); (C.M.)
| | - Denise Fiorelli
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (D.F.); (M.N.)
| | - Marzia Nuccetelli
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (D.F.); (M.N.)
| | - Fabio Placidi
- Neurology Unit, Policlinico Tor Vergata, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.P.); (N.B.M.)
| | - Nicola Biagio Mercuri
- Neurology Unit, Policlinico Tor Vergata, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.P.); (N.B.M.)
| | - Caterina Motta
- UOSD Memory Clinic, Policlinico Tor Vergata, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.G.B.); (C.M.)
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26
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Onos K, Lin PB, Pandey RS, Persohn SA, Burton CP, Miner EW, Eldridge K, Kanyinda JN, Foley KE, Carter GW, Howell GR, Territo PR. Assessment of Neurovascular Uncoupling: APOE Status is a Key Driver of Early Metabolic and Vascular Dysfunction. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.12.13.571584. [PMID: 38168292 PMCID: PMC10760108 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.13.571584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia worldwide, with apolipoprotein ε4 (APOEε4) being the strongest genetic risk factor. Current clinical diagnostic imaging focuses on amyloid and tau; however, new methods are needed for earlier detection. METHODS PET imaging was used to assess metabolism-perfusion in both sexes of aging C57BL/6J, and hAPOE mice, and were verified by transcriptomics, and immunopathology. RESULTS All hAPOE strains showed AD phenotype progression by 8 mo, with females exhibiting the regional changes, which correlated with GO-term enrichments for glucose metabolism, perfusion, and immunity. Uncoupling analysis revealed APOEε4/ε4 exhibited significant Type-1 uncoupling (↓ glucose uptake, ↑ perfusion) at 8 and 12 mo, while APOEε3/ε4 demonstrated Type-2 uncoupling (↑ glucose uptake, ↓ perfusion), while immunopathology confirmed cell specific contributions. DISCUSSION This work highlights APOEε4 status in AD progression manifest as neurovascular uncoupling driven by immunological activation, and may serve as an early diagnostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Onos
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA
| | - Peter B. Lin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ravi S. Pandey
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032 USA
| | - Scott A. Persohn
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Charles P. Burton
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Ethan W. Miner
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Kierra Eldridge
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | | | - Kate E. Foley
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Gregory W. Carter
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032 USA
| | | | - Paul R. Territo
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis IN 46202 USA
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27
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Sun R, Jiang H. Border-associated macrophages in the central nervous system. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:67. [PMID: 38481312 PMCID: PMC10938757 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03059-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Tissue-resident macrophages play an important role in the local maintenance of homeostasis and immune surveillance. In the central nervous system (CNS), brain macrophages are anatomically divided into parenchymal microglia and non-parenchymal border-associated macrophages (BAMs). Among these immune cell populations, microglia have been well-studied for their roles during development as well as in health and disease. BAMs, mostly located in the choroid plexus, meningeal and perivascular spaces, are now gaining increased attention due to advancements in multi-omics technologies and genetic methodologies. Research on BAMs over the past decade has focused on their ontogeny, immunophenotypes, involvement in various CNS diseases, and potential as therapeutic targets. Unlike microglia, BAMs display mixed origins and distinct self-renewal capacity. BAMs are believed to regulate neuroimmune responses associated with brain barriers and contribute to immune-mediated neuropathology. Notably, BAMs have been observed to function in diverse cerebral pathologies, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, ischemic stroke, and gliomas. The elucidation of the heterogeneity and diverse functions of BAMs during homeostasis and neuroinflammation is mesmerizing, since it may shed light on the precision medicine that emphasizes deep insights into programming cues in the unique brain immune microenvironment. In this review, we delve into the latest findings on BAMs, covering aspects like their origins, self-renewal capacity, adaptability, and implications in different brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Sun
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, 660 S. Euclid Ave., Box 8057, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| | - Haowu Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University Pain Center, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, 660 S. Euclid Ave., CB 8054, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
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28
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Wei W, Sun H, Yang B, Song E, Song Y. Coronal ApoE Protein Combines with LRP1 to Inactivate GSK3β That Mitigates Silica Nanoparticle-Induced Brain Lesion. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:808-815. [PMID: 38315060 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Silica nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs) are widely used engineered materials that warrant their obvious environmental exposure risk. Our previous study has shown that different routes of SiO2 NP exposure on the glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) activity were related to the serum proteins enriched on the surface of SiO2 NPs, which implied that a particular protein in the serum changed the inherent toxic behavior of SiO2 NPs and inhibited the activation of GSK3β by SiO2 NPs. Here, we identified that the SiO2 NP surface enriched a large amount of apolipoprotein E (ApoE), and the ApoE protein corona bound to the lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) to inactivate GSK3β, thereby reducing the damage of SiO2 NPs to the brain. This work presented the first evidence that specific biocorona reduced the toxicity of SiO2 NPs at the molecular level, which helped to elucidate the role of specific corona components on nanotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100085, China
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Rd, Beibei District, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100085, China
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Rd, Beibei District, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Bingwei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100085, China
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Rd, Beibei District, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Erqun Song
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Rd, Beibei District, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100085, China
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Rd, Beibei District, Chongqing 400715, China
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29
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Sun R, Jiang H. Border-associated macrophages in the central nervous system. Clin Immunol 2024:109921. [PMID: 38316202 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2024.109921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Tissue-resident macrophages play an important role in the local maintenance of homeostasis and immune surveillance. In the central nervous system (CNS), brain macrophages are anatomically divided into parenchymal microglia and non-parenchymal border-associated macrophages (BAMs). Among these immune cell populations, microglia have been well-studied for their roles in normal brain development, neurodegeneration, and brain cancers. BAMs, mostly located in the choroid plexus, meningeal and perivascular spaces, are now gaining increased attention due to advancements in multi-omics technologies and genetic methodologies. Research on BAMs over the past decade has focused on their ontogeny, immunophenotypes, involvement in various CNS diseases, and potential as therapeutic targets. Unlike microglia, BAMs display mixed origins and distinct self-renewal capacity. BAMs are believed to regulate neuroimmune responses associated with brain barriers and contribute to immune-mediated neuropathology. Notably, BAMs have been observed to function in diverse cerebral pathologies, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, ischemic stroke, and gliomas. The elucidation of the heterogeneity and diverse functions of BAMs during homeostasis and neuroinflammation is mesmerizing, since it may shed light on the precision medicine that emphasizes deep insights into programming cues in the unique brain immune microenvironment. In this review, we delve into the latest findings on BAMs, covering aspects like their origins, self-renewal capacity, adaptability, and implications in different brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Sun
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Haowu Jiang
- Washington University Pain Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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30
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Gastfriend BD, Snyder ME, Holt HE, Daneman R, Palecek SP, Shusta EV. Notch3 directs differentiation of brain mural cells from human pluripotent stem cell-derived neural crest. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadi1737. [PMID: 38306433 PMCID: PMC10836734 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi1737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Brain mural cells regulate development and function of the blood-brain barrier and control blood flow. Existing in vitro models of human brain mural cells have low expression of key mural cell genes, including NOTCH3. Thus, we asked whether activation of Notch3 signaling in hPSC-derived neural crest could direct the differentiation of brain mural cells with an improved transcriptional profile. Overexpression of the Notch3 intracellular domain (N3ICD) induced expression of mural cell markers PDGFRβ, TBX2, FOXS1, KCNJ8, SLC6A12, and endogenous Notch3. The resulting N3ICD-derived brain mural cells produced extracellular matrix, self-assembled with endothelial cells, and had functional KATP channels. ChIP-seq revealed that Notch3 serves as a direct input to relatively few genes in the context of this differentiation process. Our work demonstrates that activation of Notch3 signaling is sufficient to direct the differentiation of neural crest to mural cells and establishes a developmentally relevant differentiation protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin D Gastfriend
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Margaret E Snyder
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Hope E Holt
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Richard Daneman
- Departments of Neurosciences and Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Sean P Palecek
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Eric V Shusta
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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31
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Blumenfeld J, Yip O, Kim MJ, Huang Y. Cell type-specific roles of APOE4 in Alzheimer disease. Nat Rev Neurosci 2024; 25:91-110. [PMID: 38191720 PMCID: PMC11073858 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-023-00776-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The ɛ4 allele of the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE), which translates to the APOE4 isoform, is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer disease (AD). Within the CNS, APOE is produced by a variety of cell types under different conditions, posing a challenge for studying its roles in AD pathogenesis. However, through powerful advances in research tools and the use of novel cell culture and animal models, researchers have recently begun to study the roles of APOE4 in AD in a cell type-specific manner and at a deeper and more mechanistic level than ever before. In particular, cutting-edge omics studies have enabled APOE4 to be studied at the single-cell level and have allowed the identification of critical APOE4 effects in AD-vulnerable cellular subtypes. Through these studies, it has become evident that APOE4 produced in various types of CNS cell - including astrocytes, neurons, microglia, oligodendrocytes and vascular cells - has diverse roles in AD pathogenesis. Here, we review these scientific advances and propose a cell type-specific APOE4 cascade model of AD. In this model, neuronal APOE4 emerges as a crucial pathological initiator and driver of AD pathogenesis, instigating glial responses and, ultimately, neurodegeneration. In addition, we provide perspectives on future directions for APOE4 research and related therapeutic developments in the context of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Blumenfeld
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Oscar Yip
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Min Joo Kim
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yadong Huang
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Gladstone Center for Translational Advancement, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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32
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Wang X, Li H, Sheng Y, He B, Liu Z, Li W, Yu S, Wang J, Zhang Y, Chen J, Qin L, Meng X. The function of sphingolipids in different pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease: A comprehensive review. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116071. [PMID: 38183741 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids (SPLs) represent a highly diverse and structurally complex lipid class. The discussion of SPL metabolism-related issues is of importance in understanding the neuropathological progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD is characterized by the accumulation of extracellular deposits of the amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) and intraneuronal aggregates of the microtubule-associated protein tau. Critical roles of Aβ oligomer deposited and ganglioside GM1 could be formed as "seed" from insoluble GAβ polymer in initiating the pathogenic process, while tau might also mediate SPLs and their toxicity. The interaction between ceramide and α-Synuclein (α-Syn) accelerates the aggregation of ferroptosis and exacerbates the pathogenesis of AD. For instance, reducing the levels of SPLs can mitigate α-Syn accumulation and inhibit AD progression. Meanwhile, loss of SPLs may inhibit the expression of APOE4 and confer protection against AD, while the loss of APOE4 expression also disrupts SPLs homeostasis. Moreover, the heightened activation of sphingomyelinase promotes the ferroptosis signaling pathway, leading to exacerbated AD symptoms. Ferroptosis plays a vital role in the pathological progression of AD by influencing Aβ, tau, APOE, and α-Syn. Conversely, the development of AD also exacerbates the manifestation of ferroptosis and SPLs. We are compiling the emerging techniques (Derivatization and IM-MS) of sphingolipidomics, to overcome the challenges of AD diagnosis and treatment. In this review, we examined the intricate neuro-mechanistic interactions between SPLs and Aβ, tau, α-Syn, APOE, and ferroptosis, mediating the onset of AD. Furthermore, our findings highlight the potential of targeting SPLs as underexplored avenue for devising innovative therapeutic strategies against AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Huaqiang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Yunjie Sheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Bingqian He
- Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Zeying Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Wanli Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Shujie Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Jiajing Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Jianyu Chen
- Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, PR China.
| | - Luping Qin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, PR China.
| | - Xiongyu Meng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, PR China.
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Asghari K, Niknam Z, Mohammadpour-Asl S, Chodari L. Cellular junction dynamics and Alzheimer's disease: a comprehensive review. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:273. [PMID: 38302794 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09242-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive neuronal damage and cognitive decline. Recent studies have shed light on the involvement of not only the blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction but also significant alterations in cellular junctions in AD pathogenesis. In this review article, we explore the role of the BBB and cellular junctions in AD pathology, with a specific focus on the hippocampus. The BBB acts as a crucial protective barrier between the bloodstream and the brain, maintaining brain homeostasis and regulating molecular transport. Preservation of BBB integrity relies on various junctions, including gap junctions formed by connexins, tight junctions composed of proteins such as claudins, occludin, and ZO-1, as well as adherence junctions involving molecules like vascular endothelial (VE) cadherin, Nectins, and Nectin-like molecules (Necls). Abnormalities in these junctions and junctional components contribute to impaired neuronal signaling and increased cerebrovascular permeability, which are closely associated with AD advancement. By elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms governing BBB and cellular junction dysfunctions within the context of AD, this review offers valuable insights into the pathogenesis of AD and identifies potential therapeutic targets for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyvan Asghari
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Zahra Niknam
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Shadi Mohammadpour-Asl
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Leila Chodari
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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34
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Seo DO, Holtzman DM. Current understanding of the Alzheimer's disease-associated microbiome and therapeutic strategies. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:86-94. [PMID: 38172602 PMCID: PMC10834451 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01146-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a fatal progressive neurodegenerative disease. Despite tremendous research efforts to understand this complex disease, the exact pathophysiology of the disease is not completely clear. Recently, anti-Aβ antibodies have been shown to remove amyloid from the brain and slow the clinical progression of mild dementia by ~30%. However, exploring alternative strategies is crucial to understanding and developing more effective therapeutic interventions. In recent years, the microbiota-gut-brain axis has received significant attention in the AD field. Numerous studies have suggested that alterations in the gut microbiota composition are associated with the progression of AD, and several underlying mechanisms have been proposed. However, studies in this area are still in their infancy, and many aspects of this field are just beginning to be explored and understood. Gaining a deeper understanding of the intricate interactions and signaling pathways involved in the microbiota-AD interaction is crucial for optimizing therapeutic strategies targeting gut microbiota to positively impact AD. In this review, we aim to summarize the current understanding of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in AD. We will discuss the existing evidence regarding the role of gut microbiota in AD pathogenesis, suggested underlying mechanisms, biological factors influencing the microbiome-gut-brain axis in AD, and remaining questions in the field. Last, we will discuss potential therapeutic approaches to recondition the community of gut microbiota to alleviate disease progression. An ongoing exploration of the gut-brain axis and the development of microbiota-based therapies hold the potential for advancing AD management in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Oh Seo
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| | - David M Holtzman
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
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35
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Wojtas AM, Dammer EB, Guo Q, Ping L, Shantaraman A, Duong DM, Yin L, Fox EJ, Seifar F, Lee EB, Johnson ECB, Lah JJ, Levey AI, Levites Y, Rangaraju S, Golde TE, Seyfried NT. Proteomic Changes in the Human Cerebrovasculature in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Tauopathies Linked to Peripheral Biomarkers in Plasma and Cerebrospinal Fluid. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.01.10.24301099. [PMID: 38260316 PMCID: PMC10802758 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.10.24301099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Dysfunction of the neurovascular unit stands as a significant pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Nevertheless, detecting vascular changes in the brain within bulk tissues has proven challenging, limiting our ability to characterize proteomic alterations from less abundant cell types. To address this challenge, we conducted quantitative proteomic analyses on both bulk brain tissues and cerebrovascular-enriched fractions from the same individuals, encompassing cognitively unimpaired control, progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and AD cases. Protein co-expression network analysis identified modules unique to the cerebrovascular fractions, specifically enriched with pericytes, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells. Many of these modules also exhibited significant correlations with amyloid plaques, cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), and/or tau pathology in the brain. Notably, the protein products within AD genetic risk loci were found concentrated within modules unique to the vascular fractions, consistent with a role of cerebrovascular deficits in the etiology of AD. To prioritize peripheral AD biomarkers associated with vascular dysfunction, we assessed the overlap between differentially abundant proteins in AD cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma with a vascular-enriched network modules in the brain. This analysis highlighted matrisome proteins, SMOC1 and SMOC2, as being increased in CSF, plasma, and brain. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed SMOC1 deposition in both parenchymal plaques and CAA in the AD brain, whereas SMOC2 was predominantly localized to CAA. Collectively, these findings significantly enhance our understanding of the involvement of cerebrovascular abnormalities in AD, shedding light on potential biomarkers and molecular pathways associated with CAA and vascular dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra M. Wojtas
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Eric B. Dammer
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lingyan Ping
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ananth Shantaraman
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Duc M. Duong
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Luming Yin
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Edward J. Fox
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Fatemeh Seifar
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Edward B. Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - Erik C. B. Johnson
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - James J. Lah
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Allan I. Levey
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yona Levites
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Srikant Rangaraju
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Todd E. Golde
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nicholas T. Seyfried
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Hu YH, Su T, Wu L, Wu JF, Liu D, Zhu LQ, Yuan M. Deregulation of the Glymphatic System in Alzheimer's Disease: Genetic and Non-Genetic Factors. Aging Dis 2024:AD.2023.1229. [PMID: 38270115 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.1229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia and is characterized by progressive degeneration of brain function. AD gradually affects the parts of the brain that control thoughts, language, behavior and mental function, severely impacting a person's ability to carry out daily activities and ultimately leading to death. The accumulation of extracellular amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) and the aggregation of intracellular hyperphosphorylated tau are the two key pathological hallmarks of AD. AD is a complex condition that involves both non-genetic risk factors (35%) and genetic risk factors (58-79%). The glymphatic system plays an essential role in clearing metabolic waste, transporting tissue fluid, and participating in the immune response. Both non-genetic and genetic risk factors affect the glymphatic system to varying degrees. The main purpose of this review is to summarize the underlying mechanisms involved in the deregulation of the glymphatic system during the progression of AD, especially concerning the diverse contributions of non-genetic and genetic risk factors. In the future, new targets and interventions that modulate these interrelated mechanisms will be beneficial for the prevention and treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Hong Hu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Ting Su
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Lin Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Jun-Fang Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Ling-Qiang Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Mei Yuan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
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37
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Dias-Carvalho A, Sá SI, Carvalho F, Fernandes E, Costa VM. Inflammation as common link to progressive neurological diseases. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:95-119. [PMID: 37964100 PMCID: PMC10761431 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03628-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Life expectancy has increased immensely over the past decades, bringing new challenges to the health systems as advanced age increases the predisposition for many diseases. One of those is the burden of neurologic disorders. While many hypotheses have been placed to explain aging mechanisms, it has been widely accepted that the increasing pro-inflammatory status with advanced age or "inflammaging" is a main determinant of biological aging. Furthermore, inflammaging is at the cornerstone of many age-related diseases and its involvement in neurologic disorders is an exciting hypothesis. Indeed, aging and neurologic disorders development in the elderly seem to share some basic pathways that fundamentally converge on inflammation. Peripheral inflammation significantly influences brain function and contributes to the development of neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis. Understanding the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of progressive neurological diseases is of crucial importance for developing effective treatments and interventions that can slow down or prevent disease progression, therefore, decreasing its social and economic burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Dias-Carvalho
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
- UCIBIO- Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Susana Isabel Sá
- Unit of Anatomy, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Félix Carvalho
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
- UCIBIO- Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eduarda Fernandes
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Vera Marisa Costa
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
- UCIBIO- Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
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Tu R, Xia J. Stroke and Vascular Cognitive Impairment: The Role of Intestinal Microbiota Metabolite TMAO. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2024; 23:102-121. [PMID: 36740795 DOI: 10.2174/1871527322666230203140805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiome interacts with the brain bidirectionally through the microbiome-gutbrain axis, which plays a key role in regulating various nervous system pathophysiological processes. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is produced by choline metabolism through intestinal microorganisms, which can cross the blood-brain barrier to act on the central nervous system. Previous studies have shown that elevated plasma TMAO concentrations increase the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events, but there are few studies on TMAO in cerebrovascular disease and vascular cognitive impairment. This review summarized a decade of research on the impact of TMAO on stroke and related cognitive impairment, with particular attention to the effects on vascular cognitive disorders. We demonstrated that TMAO has a marked impact on the occurrence, development, and prognosis of stroke by regulating cholesterol metabolism, foam cell formation, platelet hyperresponsiveness and thrombosis, and promoting inflammation and oxidative stress. TMAO can also influence the cognitive impairment caused by Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease via inducing abnormal aggregation of key proteins, affecting inflammation and thrombosis. However, although clinical studies have confirmed the association between the microbiome-gut-brain axis and vascular cognitive impairment (cerebral small vessel disease and post-stroke cognitive impairment), the molecular mechanism of TMAO has not been clarified, and TMAO precursors seem to play the opposite role in the process of poststroke cognitive impairment. In addition, several studies have also reported the possible neuroprotective effects of TMAO. Existing therapies for these diseases targeted to regulate intestinal flora and its metabolites have shown good efficacy. TMAO is probably a new target for early prediction and treatment of stroke and vascular cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruxin Tu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Jian Xia
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
- Human Clinical Research Center for Cerebrovascular Disease, Changsha, China
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Cai J, Xie D, Kong F, Zhai Z, Zhu Z, Zhao Y, Xu Y, Sun T. Effect and Mechanism of Rapamycin on Cognitive Deficits in Animal Models of Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Preclinical Studies. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 99:53-84. [PMID: 38640155 DOI: 10.3233/jad-231249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, remains long-term and challenging to diagnose. Furthermore, there is currently no medication to completely cure AD patients. Rapamycin has been clinically demonstrated to postpone the aging process in mice and improve learning and memory abilities in animal models of AD. Therefore, rapamycin has the potential to be significant in the discovery and development of drugs for AD patients. Objective The main objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the effects and mechanisms of rapamycin on animal models of AD by examining behavioral indicators and pathological features. Methods Six databases were searched and 4,277 articles were retrieved. In conclusion, 13 studies were included according to predefined criteria. Three authors independently judged the selected literature and methodological quality. Use of subgroup analyses to explore potential mechanistic effects of rapamycin interventions: animal models of AD, specific types of transgenic animal models, dosage, and periodicity of administration. Results The results of Morris Water Maze (MWM) behavioral test showed that escape latency was shortened by 15.60 seconds with rapamycin therapy, indicating that learning ability was enhanced in AD mice; and the number of traversed platforms was increased by 1.53 times, indicating that the improved memory ability significantly corrected the memory deficits. CONCLUSIONS Rapamycin therapy reduced age-related plaque deposition by decreasing AβPP production and down-regulating β-secretase and γ-secretase activities, furthermore increased amyloid-β clearance by promoting autophagy, as well as reduced tau hyperphosphorylation by up-regulating insulin-degrading enzyme levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cai
- School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Danni Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fanjing Kong
- School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhenwei Zhai
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhishan Zhu
- School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanru Zhao
- School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Sun
- School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Ji X, Peng X, Tang H, Pan H, Wang W, Wu J, Chen J, Wei N. Alzheimer's disease phenotype based upon the carrier status of the apolipoprotein E ɛ4 allele. Brain Pathol 2024; 34:e13208. [PMID: 37646624 PMCID: PMC10711266 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.13208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The apolipoprotein E ɛ4 allele (APOE4) is universally acknowledged as the most potent genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). APOE4 promotes the initiation and progression of AD. Although the underlying mechanisms are unclearly understood, differences in lipid-bound affinity among the three APOE isoforms may constitute the basis. The protein APOE4 isoform has a high affinity with triglycerides and cholesterol. A distinction in lipid metabolism extensively impacts neurons, microglia, and astrocytes. APOE4 carriers exhibit phenotypic differences from non-carriers in clinical examinations and respond differently to multiple treatments. Therefore, we hypothesized that phenotypic classification of AD patients according to the status of APOE4 carrier will help specify research and promote its use in diagnosing and treating AD. Recent reviews have mainly evaluated the differences between APOE4 allele carriers and non-carriers from gene to protein structures, clinical features, neuroimaging, pathology, the neural network, and the response to various treatments, and have provided the feasibility of phenotypic group classification based on APOE4 carrier status. This review will facilitate the application of APOE phenomics concept in clinical practice and promote further medical research on AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Yu Ji
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeGuangdongChina
- Brain Function and Disease LaboratoryShantou University Medical CollegeGuangdongChina
| | - Xin‐Yuan Peng
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeGuangdongChina
| | - Hai‐Liang Tang
- Fudan University Huashan Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory for Medical NeurobiologyInstitutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College‐Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Hui Pan
- Shantou Longhu People's HospitalShantouGuangdongChina
| | - Wei‐Tang Wang
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeGuangdongChina
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeGuangdongChina
- Brain Function and Disease LaboratoryShantou University Medical CollegeGuangdongChina
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeGuangdongChina
| | - Nai‐Li Wei
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeGuangdongChina
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Verbunt J, Jocken J, Blaak E, Savelkoul P, Stassen F. Gut-bacteria derived membrane vesicles and host metabolic health: a narrative review. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2359515. [PMID: 38808455 PMCID: PMC11141482 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2359515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota, consisting of an estimated 10^10-10^11 organisms, regulate physiological processes involved in digestion, metabolism, and immunity. Surprisingly, these intestinal microorganisms have been found to influence tissues that are not directly in contact with the gut, such as adipose tissue, the liver, skeletal muscle, and the brain. This interaction takes place even when intestinal barrier function is uncompromised. An increasing body of evidence suggests that bacterial membrane vesicles (bMVs), in addition to bacterial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids, are able to mediate effects of the microbiota on these host tissues. The ability of bMVs to dissipate from the intestinal lumen into systemic circulation hereby facilitates the transport and presentation of bacterial components and metabolites to host organs. Importantly, there are indications that the interaction between bMVs and tissues or immune cells may play a role in the etiology of (chronic metabolic) disease. For example, the gut-derived bMV-mediated induction of insulin resistance in skeletal muscle cells and pro-inflammatory signaling by adipocytes possibly underlies diseases such as type 2 diabetes and obesity. Here, we review the current knowledge on bMVs in the microbiota's effects on host energy/substrate metabolism with a focus on etiological roles in the onset and progression of metabolic disease. We furthermore illustrate that vesicle production by bacterial microbiota could potentially be modulated through lifestyle intervention to improve host metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jari Verbunt
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Infectious Diseases & Infection Prevention, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Biology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Jocken
- Department of Human Biology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen Blaak
- Department of Human Biology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Savelkoul
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Infectious Diseases & Infection Prevention, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Stassen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Infectious Diseases & Infection Prevention, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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You TY, Dong Q, Cui M. Emerging Links between Cerebral Blood Flow Regulation and Cognitive Decline: A Role for Brain Microvascular Pericytes. Aging Dis 2023:AD.2022.1204. [PMID: 37163446 PMCID: PMC10389833 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.1204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment associated with vascular etiology has been of considerable interest in the development of dementia. Recent studies have started to uncover cerebral blood flow deficits in initiating cognitive deterioration. Brain microvascular pericytes, the only type of contractile cells in capillaries, are involved in the precise modulation of vascular hemodynamics due to their ability to regulate resistance in the capillaries. They exhibit potential in maintaining the capillary network geometry and basal vascular tone. In addition, pericytes can facilitate better blood flow supply in response to neurovascular coupling. Their dysfunction is thought to disturb cerebral blood flow causing metabolic imbalances or structural injuries, leading to consequent cognitive decline. In this review, we summarize the characteristics of microvascular pericytes in brain blood flow regulation and outline the framework of a two-hit hypothesis in cognitive decline, where we emphasize how pericytes serve as targets of cerebral blood flow dysregulation that occurs with neurological challenges, ranging from genetic factors, aging, and pathological proteins to ischemic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong-Yao You
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Dong
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mei Cui
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Lee J, Lee H, Lee H, Shin M, Shin MG, Seo J, Lee EJ, Park SA, Park S. ANKS1A regulates LDL receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1)-mediated cerebrovascular clearance in brain endothelial cells. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8463. [PMID: 38123547 PMCID: PMC10733300 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44319-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain endothelial LDL receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) is involved in the clearance of Aβ peptides across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Here we show that endothelial deficiency of ankyrin repeat and SAM domain containing 1 A (ANKS1A) reduces both the cell surface levels of LRP1 and the Aβ clearance across the BBB. Association of ANKS1A with the NPXY motifs of LRP1 facilitates the transport of LRP1 from the endoplasmic reticulum toward the cell surface. ANKS1A deficiency in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model results in exacerbated Aβ pathology followed by cognitive impairments. These deficits are reversible by gene therapy with brain endothelial-specific ANKS1A. In addition, human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived BBBs (iBBBs) were generated from endothelial cells lacking ANKS1A or carrying the rs6930932 variant. Those iBBBs exhibit both reduced cell surface LRP1 and impaired Aβ clearance. Thus, our findings demonstrate that ANKS1A regulates LRP1-mediated Aβ clearance across the BBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyeon Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Korea
| | - Haeryung Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Korea
| | - Hyein Lee
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, Korea
| | - Miram Shin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Korea
| | - Min-Gi Shin
- Department of Brain Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Korea
| | - Jinsoo Seo
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Lee
- Department of Brain Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Korea
| | - Sun Ah Park
- Lab for Neurodegenerative Dementia, Department of Anatomy, and Department of Neurology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Korea
| | - Soochul Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Korea.
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Kotredes KP, Pandey RS, Persohn S, Elderidge K, Burton CP, Miner EW, Haynes KA, Santos DFS, Williams SP, Heaton N, Ingraham CM, Lloyd C, Garceau D, O’Rourke R, Herrick S, Rangel-Barajas C, Maharjan S, Wang N, Sasner M, Lamb BT, Territo PR, Sukoff Rizzo SJ, Carter GW, Howell GR, Oblak AL. Characterizing Molecular and Synaptic Signatures in mouse models of Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease Independent of Amyloid and Tau Pathology. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.19.571985. [PMID: 38187716 PMCID: PMC10769232 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.19.571985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION MODEL-AD is creating and distributing novel mouse models with humanized, clinically relevant genetic risk factors to more accurately mimic LOAD than commonly used transgenic models. METHODS We created the LOAD2 model by combining APOE4, Trem2*R47H, and humanized amyloid-beta. Mice aged up to 24 months were subjected to either a control diet or a high-fat/high-sugar diet (LOAD2+HFD) from two months of age. We assessed disease-relevant outcomes, including in vivo imaging, biomarkers, multi-omics, neuropathology, and behavior. RESULTS By 18 months, LOAD2+HFD mice exhibited cortical neuron loss, elevated insoluble brain Aβ42, increased plasma NfL, and altered gene/protein expression related to lipid metabolism and synaptic function. In vivo imaging showed age-dependent reductions in brain region volume and neurovascular uncoupling. LOAD2+HFD mice also displayed deficits in acquiring touchscreen-based cognitive tasks. DISCUSSION Collectively the comprehensive characterization of LOAD2+HFD mice reveal this model as important for preclinical studies that target features of LOAD independent of amyloid and tau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin P. Kotredes
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME, United States, 04609
| | - Ravi S. Pandey
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, 10 Discovery Drive, Farmington, CT, United States 06032
| | - Scott Persohn
- Indiana University School of Medicine, 340 W 10 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, 320 W 15 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
| | - Kierra Elderidge
- Indiana University School of Medicine, 340 W 10 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, 320 W 15 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
| | - Charles P Burton
- Indiana University School of Medicine, 340 W 10 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, 320 W 15 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
| | - Ethan W. Miner
- Indiana University School of Medicine, 340 W 10 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, 320 W 15 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
| | - Kathryn A. Haynes
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA Pittsburgh, PA, United States 15219
| | - Diogo Francisco S. Santos
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA Pittsburgh, PA, United States 15219
| | - Sean-Paul Williams
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA Pittsburgh, PA, United States 15219
| | - Nicholas Heaton
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA Pittsburgh, PA, United States 15219
| | - Cynthia M. Ingraham
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, 320 W 15 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
| | - Christopher Lloyd
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, 320 W 15 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
| | - Dylan Garceau
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME, United States, 04609
| | - Rita O’Rourke
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME, United States, 04609
| | - Sarah Herrick
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME, United States, 04609
| | - Claudia Rangel-Barajas
- Indiana University School of Medicine, 340 W 10 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 410 W. 10 St., HITS 4000, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
| | - Surendra Maharjan
- Indiana University School of Medicine, 340 W 10 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, 320 W 15 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
- Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, 550 University Blvd, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
| | - Nian Wang
- Indiana University School of Medicine, 340 W 10 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, 320 W 15 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
- Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, 550 University Blvd, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
| | - Michael Sasner
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME, United States, 04609
| | - Bruce T. Lamb
- Indiana University School of Medicine, 340 W 10 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, 320 W 15 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 410 W. 10 St., HITS 4000, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
| | - Paul R. Territo
- Indiana University School of Medicine, 340 W 10 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, 320 W 15 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 545 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
| | - Stacey J. Sukoff Rizzo
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA Pittsburgh, PA, United States 15219
| | - Gregory W. Carter
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME, United States, 04609
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, 10 Discovery Drive, Farmington, CT, United States 06032
- Tufts University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 136 Harrison Ave #813, Boston, MA, United States 02111
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, 5775 Stodder Hall, Orono, Maine, United States 04469
| | - Gareth R. Howell
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME, United States, 04609
- Tufts University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 136 Harrison Ave #813, Boston, MA, United States 02111
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, 5775 Stodder Hall, Orono, Maine, United States 04469
| | - Adrian L. Oblak
- Indiana University School of Medicine, 340 W 10 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, 320 W 15 Street, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
- Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, 550 University Blvd, Indianapolis, IN, United States 46202
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Manu DR, Slevin M, Barcutean L, Forro T, Boghitoiu T, Balasa R. Astrocyte Involvement in Blood-Brain Barrier Function: A Critical Update Highlighting Novel, Complex, Neurovascular Interactions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17146. [PMID: 38138976 PMCID: PMC10743219 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological disorders have been linked to a defective blood-brain barrier (BBB), with dysfunctions triggered by stage-specific disease mechanisms, some of these being generated through interactions in the neurovascular unit (NVU). Advanced knowledge of molecular and signaling mechanisms in the NVU and the emergence of improved experimental models allow BBB permeability prediction and the development of new brain-targeted therapies. As NVU constituents, astrocytes are the most numerous glial cells, characterized by a heterogeneity that occurs as a result of developmental and context-based gene expression profiles and the differential expression of non-coding ribonucleic acids (RNAs). Due to their heterogeneity and dynamic responses to different signals, astrocytes may have a beneficial or detrimental role in the BBB's barrier function, with deep effects on the pathophysiology of (and on the progression of) central nervous system diseases. The implication of astrocytic-derived extracellular vesicles in pathological mechanisms, due to their ability to pass the BBB, must also be considered. The molecular mechanisms of astrocytes' interaction with endothelial cells at the BBB level are considered promising therapeutic targets in different neurological conditions. Nevertheless, a personalized and well-founded approach must be addressed, due to the temporal and spatial heterogeneity of reactive astrogliosis states during disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doina Ramona Manu
- Centre for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (D.R.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Mark Slevin
- Centre for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (D.R.M.); (M.S.)
- Department of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M15 6BH, UK
| | - Laura Barcutean
- Neurology 1 Clinic, County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania;
- Department of Neurology, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Timea Forro
- Doctoral School, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania;
| | - Tudor Boghitoiu
- Psychiatry II Clinic, County Clinical Hospital, 540072 Targu Mures, Romania;
| | - Rodica Balasa
- Neurology 1 Clinic, County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania;
- Department of Neurology, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
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Estudillo E, López-Ornelas A, Rodríguez-Oviedo A, Gutiérrez de la Cruz N, Vargas-Hernández MA, Jiménez A. Thinking outside the black box: are the brain endothelial cells the new main target in Alzheimer's disease? Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:2592-2598. [PMID: 37449594 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.373672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier is the interface through which the brain interacts with the milieu and consists mainly of a sophisticated network of brain endothelial cells that forms blood vessels and selectively moves molecules inside and outside the brain through multiple mechanisms of transport. Although brain endothelial cell function is crucial for brain homeostasis, their role in neurodegenerative diseases has historically not been considered with the same importance as other brain cells such as microglia, astroglia, neurons, or even molecules such as amyloid beta, Tau, or alpha-synuclein. Alzheimer's disease is the most common neurodegenerative disease, and brain endothelial cell dysfunction has been reported by several groups. However, its impairment has barely been considered as a potential therapeutic target. Here we review the most recent advances in the relationship between Alzheimer's disease and brain endothelial cells commitment and analyze the possible mechanisms through which their alterations contribute to this neurodegenerative disease, highlighting their inflammatory phenotype and the possibility of an impaired secretory pattern of brain endothelial cells that could contribute to the progression of this ailment. Finally, we discuss why shall brain endothelial cells be appreciated as a therapeutic target instead of solely an obstacle for delivering treatments to the injured brain in Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Estudillo
- Laboratorio de Reprogramación Celular, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Adolfo López-Ornelas
- División de Investigación, Hospital Juárez de México; Hospital Nacional Homeopático, Hospitales Federales de Referencia, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Neptali Gutiérrez de la Cruz
- Laboratorio de Morfología; Escuela Militar de Graduados de Sanidad, Secretaría de la Defensa Nacional, Batalla de Celaya, Lomas de Sotelo, Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marco Antonio Vargas-Hernández
- Escuela Militar de Graduados de Sanidad, Secretaría de la Defensa Nacional, Batalla de Celaya, Lomas de Sotelo, Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Adriana Jiménez
- División de Investigación, Hospital Juárez de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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Ting KK, Coleman P, Kim HJ, Zhao Y, Mulangala J, Cheng NC, Li W, Gunatilake D, Johnstone DM, Loo L, Neely GG, Yang P, Götz J, Vadas MA, Gamble JR. Vascular senescence and leak are features of the early breakdown of the blood-brain barrier in Alzheimer's disease models. GeroScience 2023; 45:3307-3331. [PMID: 37782439 PMCID: PMC10643714 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00927-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related disease, with loss of integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) being an early feature. Cellular senescence is one of the reported nine hallmarks of aging. Here, we show for the first time the presence of senescent cells in the vasculature in AD patients and mouse models of AD. Senescent endothelial cells and pericytes are present in APP/PS1 transgenic mice but not in wild-type littermates at the time of amyloid deposition. In vitro, senescent endothelial cells display altered VE-cadherin expression and loss of cell junction formation and increased permeability. Consistent with this, senescent endothelial cells in APP/PS1 mice are present at areas of vascular leak that have decreased claudin-5 and VE-cadherin expression confirming BBB breakdown. Furthermore, single cell sequencing of endothelial cells from APP/PS1 transgenic mice confirms that adhesion molecule pathways are among the most highly altered pathways in these cells. At the pre-plaque stage, the vasculature shows significant signs of breakdown, with a general loss of VE-cadherin, leakage within the microcirculation, and obvious pericyte perturbation. Although senescent vascular cells were not directly observed at sites of vascular leak, senescent cells were close to the leak area. Thus, we would suggest in AD that there is a progressive induction of senescence in constituents of the neurovascular unit contributing to an increasing loss of vascular integrity. Targeting the vasculature early in AD, either with senolytics or with drugs that improve the integrity of the BBB may be valid therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Ka Ting
- Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
| | - Paul Coleman
- Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Hani Jieun Kim
- Computational Systems Biology Group, Children's Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Yang Zhao
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jocelyne Mulangala
- Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Ngan Ching Cheng
- Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Wan Li
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Dilini Gunatilake
- Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Daniel M Johnstone
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Lipin Loo
- Charles Perkins Centre, Dr. John and Anne Chong Lab for Functional Genomics, Centenary Institute, & School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - G Gregory Neely
- Charles Perkins Centre, Dr. John and Anne Chong Lab for Functional Genomics, Centenary Institute, & School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Pengyi Yang
- Computational Systems Biology Group, Children's Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Jürgen Götz
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Mathew A Vadas
- Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Heart Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jennifer R Gamble
- Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
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Gao P, Yi J, Chen W, Gu J, Miao S, Wang X, Huang Y, Jiang T, Li Q, Zhou W, Zhao S, Wu M, Yin G, Chen J. Pericyte-derived exosomal miR-210 improves mitochondrial function and inhibits lipid peroxidation in vascular endothelial cells after traumatic spinal cord injury by activating JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:452. [PMID: 38012616 PMCID: PMC10680350 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02110-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal cord injury (SCI) remains a significant health concern, with limited available treatment options. This condition poses significant medical, economic, and social challenges. SCI is typically categorized into primary and secondary injuries. Inflammation, oxidative stress, scar formation, and the immune microenvironment impede axon regeneration and subsequent functional restoration. Numerous studies have shown that the destruction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and microvessels is a crucial factor in severe secondary injury. Additionally, reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced lipid peroxidation significantly contributes to endothelial cell death. Pericytes are essential constituents of the BBB that share the basement membrane with endothelial cells and astrocytes. They play a significant role in the establishment and maintenance of BBB. RESULTS Immunofluorescence staining at different time points revealed a consistent correlation between pericyte coverage and angiogenesis, suggesting that pericytes promote vascular repair via paracrine signaling. Pericytes undergo alterations in cellular morphology and the transcriptome when exposed to hypoxic conditions, potentially promoting angiogenesis. We simulated an early ischemia-hypoxic environment following SCI using glucose and oxygen deprivation and BBB models. Co-culturing pericytes with endothelial cells improved barrier function compared to the control group. However, this enhancement was reduced by the exosome inhibitor, GW4869. In vivo injection of exosomes improved BBB integrity and promoted motor function recovery in mice following SCI. Subsequently, we found that pericyte-derived exosomes exhibited significant miR-210-5p expression based on sequencing analysis. Therefore, we performed a series of gain- and loss-of-function experiments in vitro. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that miR-210-5p regulates endothelial barrier function by inhibiting JAK1/STAT3 signaling. This process is achieved by regulating lipid peroxidation levels and improving mitochondrial function, suggesting a potential mechanism for restoration of the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Gao
- Department of Orthopedic, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Yi
- Department of Orthopedic, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Chen
- Department of Orthopedic, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
- Department of Orthopedic, Changzheng Hospital, No. 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Gu
- Department of Orthopedic, Wuxi Xishan People's Hospital, No. 1128 Dacheng Road, Wuxi, 214105, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Miao
- Department of Orthopedic, Suqian First People's Hospital, No. 120 Suzhi Road, Suqian, 223812, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Department of Orthopedic, Maanshan People's Hospital, No. 45 Hubei Road, Maanshan, 243000, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Huang
- Department of Orthopedic, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Li
- Department of Orthopedic, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Shujie Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Mengyuan Wu
- Department of Orthopedic, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guoyong Yin
- Department of Orthopedic, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Orthopedic, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China.
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Lendvai-Emmert D, Magyar-Sumegi ZD, Hegedus E, Szarka N, Fazekas B, Amrein K, Czeiter E, Buki A, Ungvari Z, Toth P. Mild traumatic brain injury-induced persistent blood-brain barrier disruption is prevented by cyclosporine A treatment in hypertension. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1252796. [PMID: 38073626 PMCID: PMC10699755 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1252796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and hypertension synergize to induce persistent disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), neuroinflammation and cognitive decline. However, the underlying mechanisms are not known. Cerebral production of Cyclophilin A (CyPA) is induced in hypertension and after TBI, and it was demonstrated to activate the nuclear factor-κB (NF-kB)- matrix-metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) pathway in cerebral vessels leading to BBB disruption. Methods To test the role of CyPA in mTBI- and hypertension-induced BBB disruption we induced mTBI in normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), then the animals were treated with cyclosporine A (a specific inhibitor of CyPA production) or vehicle for 7 days. We assessed BBB permeability and integrity, cerebral expression and activity of the CyPA-NF-kB-MMP-9 pathway, extravasation of fibrin and neuroinflammation. Results We found that mild TBI induced BBB disruption and upregulation of the CyPA-NF-kB-MMP-9 pathway in hypertension, which were prevented by blocking CyPA. Cyclosporine treatment and preservation of BBB function prevented accumulation of blood-derived fibrin in the brain parenchyma of hypertensive rats after mTBI and reversed increased neuroinflammation. Discussion We propose that mTBI and hypertension interact to promote BBB disruption via the CyPA-NF-kB-MMP-9 pathway, and inhibition of cyclophilin production after mTBI may exert neuroprotection and improve cognitive function in hypertensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Lendvai-Emmert
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
- Neurotrauma Research Group, Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Zsofia Dina Magyar-Sumegi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
- Neurotrauma Research Group, Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Emoke Hegedus
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
- Neurotrauma Research Group, Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Nikolett Szarka
- Department of Primary Health Care, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Balint Fazekas
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
- Neurotrauma Research Group, Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Amrein
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
- Neurotrauma Research Group, Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
- ELKH-PTE Clinical Neuroscience MR Research Group, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Endre Czeiter
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
- Neurotrauma Research Group, Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
- ELKH-PTE Clinical Neuroscience MR Research Group, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Andras Buki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Orebro University, Orebro, Sweden
| | - Zoltan Ungvari
- Department of Neurosurgery, Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- Department of Public Health, International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Toth
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
- Neurotrauma Research Group, Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
- ELKH-PTE Clinical Neuroscience MR Research Group, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
- Department of Neurosurgery, Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- Department of Public Health, International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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50
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Zhan R, Meng X, Tian D, Xu J, Cui H, Yang J, Xu Y, Shi M, Xue J, Yu W, Hu G, Li K, Ge X, Zhang Q, Zhao M, Du J, Guo X, Xu W, Gao Y, Yao C, Chen F, Chen Y, Shan W, Zhu Y, Ji L, Pan B, Yu Y, Li W, Zhao X, He Q, Liu X, Huang Y, Liao S, Zhou B, Chui D, Chen YE, Sun Z, Dong E, Wang Y, Zheng L. NAD + rescues aging-induced blood-brain barrier damage via the CX43-PARP1 axis. Neuron 2023; 111:3634-3649.e7. [PMID: 37683629 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Blood-brain barrier (BBB) function deteriorates during aging, contributing to cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration. It is unclear what drives BBB leakage in aging and how it can be prevented. Using single-nucleus transcriptomics, we identified decreased connexin 43 (CX43) expression in cadherin-5+ (Cdh5+) cerebral vascular cells in naturally aging mice and confirmed it in human brain samples. Global or Cdh5+ cell-specific CX43 deletion in mice exacerbated BBB dysfunction during aging. The CX43-dependent effect was not due to its canonical gap junction function but was associated with reduced NAD+ levels and mitochondrial dysfunction through NAD+-dependent sirtuin 3 (SIRT3). CX43 interacts with and negatively regulates poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1). Pharmacologic inhibition of PARP1 by olaparib or nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) supplementation rescued NAD+ levels and alleviated aging-associated BBB leakage. These findings establish the endothelial CX43-PARP1-NAD+ pathway's role in vascular aging and identify a potential therapeutic strategy to combat aging-associated BBB leakage with neuroprotective implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhan
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Research Center for Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Qingdao Hospital (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xia Meng
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, The Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongping Tian
- Department of Pathology, Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, The Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongtu Cui
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jialei Yang
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, The Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yangkai Xu
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Mingming Shi
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, The Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Xue
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, The Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Weiwei Yu
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Gaofei Hu
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ke Li
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, The Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Ge
- Beijing Institute Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianyong Du
- Research Center for Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Qingdao Hospital (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenli Xu
- Research Center for Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Qingdao Hospital (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Research Center for Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Qingdao Hospital (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Changyu Yao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Chen
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wenxin Shan
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yujie Zhu
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Liang Ji
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Bing Pan
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Chinese Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Wenguang Li
- Institute of Genetics and Development Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuyang Zhao
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qihua He
- Center of Medical and Health Analysis, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- National Protein Science Technology Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Huang
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, The Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shengyou Liao
- Department of Clinical Medical Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Autoimmune Disease Precision Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Dehua Chui
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Devices and Technology and Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Y Eugene Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Zheng Sun
- Department of Medicine and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Erdan Dong
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Research Center for Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Qingdao Hospital (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China; Research Unit of Medical Science Research Management/Basic and Clinical Research of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Beijing, China.
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, The Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Lemin Zheng
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Tiantan Hospital, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, The Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; The Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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