1
|
Poss KD, Tanaka EM. Hallmarks of regeneration. Cell Stem Cell 2024; 31:1244-1261. [PMID: 39163854 PMCID: PMC11410156 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Regeneration is a heroic biological process that restores tissue architecture and function in the face of day-to-day cell loss or the aftershock of injury. Capacities and mechanisms for regeneration can vary widely among species, organs, and injury contexts. Here, we describe "hallmarks" of regeneration found in diverse settings of the animal kingdom, including activation of a cell source, initiation of regenerative programs in the source, interplay with supporting cell types, and control of tissue size and function. We discuss these hallmarks with an eye toward major challenges and applications of regenerative biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth D Poss
- Duke Regeneration Center and Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Elly M Tanaka
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology (IMBA), Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), 1030 Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wu D, van de Graaf SFJ. Maladaptive regeneration and metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease: Common mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 227:116437. [PMID: 39025410 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
The normal liver has an extraordinary capacity of regeneration. However, this capacity is significantly impaired in steatotic livers. Emerging evidence indicates that metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and liver regeneration share several key mechanisms. Some classical liver regeneration pathways, such as HGF/c-Met, EGFR, Wnt/β-catenin and Hippo/YAP-TAZ are affected in MASLD. Some recently established therapeutic targets for MASH such as the Thyroid Hormone (TH) receptors, Glucagon-like protein 1 (GLP1), Farnesoid X receptor (FXR), Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPARs) as well as Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21) are also reported to affect hepatocyte proliferation. With this review we aim to provide insight into common molecular pathways, that may ultimately enable therapeutic strategies that synergistically ameliorate steatohepatitis and improve the regenerating capacity of steatotic livers. With the recent rise of prolonged ex-vivo normothermic liver perfusion prior to organ transplantation such treatment is no longer restricted to patients undergoing major liver resection or transplantation, but may eventually include perfused (steatotic) donor livers or even liver segments, opening hitherto unexplored therapeutic avenues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Wu
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands
| | - Stan F J van de Graaf
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hasegawa Y, Hashimoto D, Zhang Z, Miyajima T, Saito Y, Li W, Kikuchi R, Senjo H, Sekiguchi T, Tateno T, Chen X, Yokoyama E, Takahashi S, Ohigashi H, Ara T, Hayase E, Yokota I, Teshima T. GVHD targets organoid-forming bile duct stem cells in a TGF-β-dependent manner. Blood 2024; 144:904-913. [PMID: 38905638 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023023060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a major life-threatening complication that occurs after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Although adult tissue stem cells have been identified as targets of GVHD in the skin and gut, their role in hepatic GVHD is yet to be clarified. In the current study, we explored the fate of bile duct stem cells (BDSCs), capable of generating liver organoids in vitro, during hepatic GVHD after allogeneic HCT. We observed a significant expansion of biliary epithelial cells (BECs) on injury early after allogeneic HCT. Organoid-forming efficiency from the bile duct was also significantly increased early after allogeneic HCT. Subsequently, the organoid-forming efficiency from bile ducts was markedly decreased in association with the reduction of BECs and the elevation of plasma concentrations of bilirubin, suggesting that GVHD targets BDSCs and impairs the resilience of BECs. The growth of liver organoids in the presence of liver-infiltrating mononuclear cells from allogeneic recipients, but not from syngeneic recipients, was significantly reduced in a transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-dependent manner. Administration of SB-431542, an inhibitor of TGF-β signaling, from day 14 to day 28, protected organoid-forming BDSCs against GVHD and mitigated biliary dysfunction after allogeneic HCT, suggesting that BDSCs are a promising therapeutic target for hepatic GVHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Hasegawa
- Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Daigo Hashimoto
- Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Zixuan Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Toru Miyajima
- Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yumika Saito
- Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Wenyu Li
- Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ryo Kikuchi
- Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hajime Senjo
- Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Sekiguchi
- Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tateno
- Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Xuanzhong Chen
- Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Emi Yokoyama
- Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shuichiro Takahashi
- Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ohigashi
- Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takahide Ara
- Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Eiko Hayase
- Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Isao Yokota
- Department of Biostatistics, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takanori Teshima
- Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Darmasaputra GS, Geerlings CC, Chuva de Sousa Lopes SM, Clevers H, Galli M. Binucleated human hepatocytes arise through late cytokinetic regression during endomitosis M phase. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202403020. [PMID: 38727809 PMCID: PMC11090133 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202403020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Binucleated polyploid cells are common in many animal tissues, where they arise by endomitosis, a non-canonical cell cycle in which cells enter M phase but do not undergo cytokinesis. Different steps of cytokinesis have been shown to be inhibited during endomitosis M phase in rodents, but it is currently unknown how human cells undergo endomitosis. In this study, we use fetal-derived human hepatocyte organoids (Hep-Orgs) to investigate how human hepatocytes initiate and execute endomitosis. We find that cells in endomitosis M phase have normal mitotic timings, but lose membrane anchorage to the midbody during cytokinesis, which is associated with the loss of four cortical anchoring proteins, RacGAP1, Anillin, SEPT9, and citron kinase (CIT-K). Moreover, reduction of WNT activity increases the percentage of binucleated cells in Hep-Orgs, an effect that is dependent on the atypical E2F proteins, E2F7 and E2F8. Together, we have elucidated how hepatocytes undergo endomitosis in human Hep-Orgs, providing new insights into the mechanisms of endomitosis in mammals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella S. Darmasaputra
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Cindy C. Geerlings
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Hans Clevers
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Matilde Galli
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tchorz JS. Prometheus 2.0: drug-induced liver regeneration arising. Cell Res 2024; 34:541-542. [PMID: 38684779 PMCID: PMC11291901 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-024-00965-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jan S Tchorz
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
van Luyk ME, Krotenberg Garcia A, Lamprou M, Suijkerbuijk SJE. Cell competition in primary and metastatic colorectal cancer. Oncogenesis 2024; 13:28. [PMID: 39060237 PMCID: PMC11282291 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-024-00530-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Adult tissues set the scene for a continuous battle between cells, where a comparison of cellular fitness results in the elimination of weaker "loser" cells. This phenomenon, named cell competition, is beneficial for tissue integrity and homeostasis. In fact, cell competition plays a crucial role in tumor suppression, through elimination of early malignant cells, as part of Epithelial Defense Against Cancer. However, it is increasingly apparent that cell competition doubles as a tumor-promoting mechanism. The comparative nature of cell competition means that mutational background, proliferation rate and polarity all factor in to determine the outcome of these processes. In this review, we explore the intricate and context-dependent involvement of cell competition in homeostasis and regeneration, as well as during initiation and progression of primary and metastasized colorectal cancer. We provide a comprehensive overview of molecular and cellular mechanisms governing cell competition and its parallels with regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Merel Elise van Luyk
- Division of Developmental Biology, Institute of Biodynamics and Biocomplexity, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ana Krotenberg Garcia
- Division of Developmental Biology, Institute of Biodynamics and Biocomplexity, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Lamprou
- Division of Developmental Biology, Institute of Biodynamics and Biocomplexity, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia Jacoba Elisabeth Suijkerbuijk
- Division of Developmental Biology, Institute of Biodynamics and Biocomplexity, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
He Y, Gao M, Zhu X, Peng W, Zhou Y, Cheng J, Bai L, Bao J. Large-Scale Formation and Long-Term Culture of Hepatocyte Organoids From Streamlined In Vivo Genome-Edited GGTA1 -/- Pigs for Bioartificial Liver Applications. Xenotransplantation 2024; 31:e12878. [PMID: 39166823 DOI: 10.1111/xen.12878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocyte transplantation and bioartificial liver (BAL) systems hold significant promise as less invasive alternatives to traditional transplantation, providing crucial temporary support for patients with acute and chronic liver failure. Although human hepatocytes are ideal, their use is limited by ethical concerns and donor availability, leading to the use of porcine hepatocytes in BAL systems due to their functional similarities. Recent advancements in gene-editing technology have improved porcine organ xenotransplantation clinical trials by addressing immune rejection issues. Gene-edited pigs, such as alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase (GGTA1) knockout pigs, offer a secure source of primary cells for BAL systems. Our research focuses on optimizing the safety and functionality of porcine primary hepatocytes during large-scale cultivation. We achieved this by creating GGTA1 knockout pigs through one-step delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 to pig zygotes via oviduct injection of rAAV, and enhancing hepatocyte viability and function by co-culturing hepatocytes with Roof plate-specific spondin 1 overexpressing HUVECs (R-HUVECs). Using a Rocker culture system, approximately 1010 primary porcine hepatocytes and R-HUVECs rapidly formed organoids with a diameter of 92.1 ± 28.1 µm within 24 h. These organoids not only maintained excellent functionality but also supported partial hepatocyte self-renewal during long-term culture over 28 days. Gene-edited primary porcine hepatocyte organoids will significantly advance the applications of hepatocyte transplantation and BAL systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuting He
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHC, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Mengyu Gao
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHC, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xinglong Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHC, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wanliu Peng
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHC, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yanyan Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHC, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jingqiu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lang Bai
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ji Bao
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHC, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Post Y, Lu C, Fletcher RB, Yeh WC, Nguyen H, Lee SJ, Li Y. Design principles and therapeutic applications of novel synthetic WNT signaling agonists. iScience 2024; 27:109938. [PMID: 38832011 PMCID: PMC11145361 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Wingless-related integration site or Wingless and Int-1 or Wingless-Int (WNT) signaling is crucial for embryonic development, and adult tissue homeostasis and regeneration, through its essential roles in cell fate, patterning, and stem cell regulation. The biophysical characteristics of WNT ligands have hindered efforts to interrogate ligand activity in vivo and prevented their development as therapeutics. Recent breakthroughs have enabled the generation of synthetic WNT signaling molecules that possess characteristics of natural ligands and potently activate the pathway, while also providing distinct advantages for therapeutic development and manufacturing. This review provides a detailed discussion of the protein engineering of these molecular platforms for WNT signaling agonism. We discuss the importance of WNT signaling in several organs and share insights from the initial application of these new classes of molecules in vitro and in vivo. These molecules offer a unique opportunity to enhance our understanding of how WNT signaling agonism promotes tissue repair, enabling targeted development of tailored therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yorick Post
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Chenggang Lu
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Russell B. Fletcher
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Wen-Chen Yeh
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Huy Nguyen
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Sung-Jin Lee
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Yang Li
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hill ABT, Murphy YM, Polkoff KM, Edwards L, Walker DM, Moatti A, Greenbaum A, Piedrahita JA. A gene edited pig model for studying LGR5 + stem cells: implications for future applications in tissue regeneration and biomedical research. Front Genome Ed 2024; 6:1401163. [PMID: 38903529 PMCID: PMC11187295 DOI: 10.3389/fgeed.2024.1401163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent advancements in genome editing techniques, notably CRISPR-Cas9 and TALENs, have marked a transformative era in biomedical research, significantly enhancing our understanding of disease mechanisms and helping develop novel therapies. These technologies have been instrumental in creating precise animal models for use in stem cell research and regenerative medicine. For instance, we have developed a transgenic pig model to enable the investigation of LGR5-expressing cells. The model was designed to induce the expression of H2B-GFP under the regulatory control of the LGR5 promoter via CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene knock-in. Notably, advancements in stem cell research have identified distinct subpopulations of LGR5-expressing cells within adult human, mouse, and pig tissues. LGR5, a leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor, enhances WNT signaling and these LGR5+ subpopulations demonstrate varied roles and anatomical distributions, underscoring the necessity for suitable translational models. This transgenic pig model facilitates the tracking of LGR5-expressing cells and has provided valuable insights into the roles of these cells across different tissues and species. For instance, in pulmonary tissue, Lgr5+ cells in mice are predominantly located in alveolar compartments, driving alveolar differentiation of epithelial progenitors via Wnt pathway activation. In contrast, in pigs and humans, these cells are situated in a unique sub-basal position adjacent to the airway epithelium. In fetal stages a pattern of LGR5 expression during lung bud tip formation is evident in humans and pigs but is lacking in mice. Species differences with respect to LGR5 expression have also been observed in the skin, intestines, and cochlea further reinforcing the need for careful selection of appropriate translational animal models. This paper discusses the potential utility of the LGR5+ pig model in exploring the role of LGR5+ cells in tissue development and regeneration with the goal of translating these findings into human and animal clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda B. T. Hill
- College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Yanet M. Murphy
- College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Kathryn M. Polkoff
- College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Laura Edwards
- College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Derek M. Walker
- College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Adele Moatti
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Alon Greenbaum
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Jorge A. Piedrahita
- College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhou Y, Zhao Y, Carbonaro M, Chen H, Germino M, Adler C, Ni M, Zhu YO, Kim SY, Altarejos J, Li Z, Burczynski ME, Glass DJ, Sleeman MW, Lee AH, Halasz G, Cheng X. Perturbed liver gene zonation in a mouse model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Metabolism 2024; 154:155830. [PMID: 38428673 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2024.155830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Liver zonation characterizes the separation of metabolic pathways along the lobules and is required for optimal hepatic function. Wnt signaling is a master regulator of spatial liver zonation. A perivenous-periportal Wnt activity gradient orchestrates metabolic zonation by activating gene expression in perivenous hepatocytes, while suppressing gene expression in their periportal counterparts. However, the understanding as to the liver gene zonation and zonation regulators in diseases is limited. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a chronic liver disease characterized by fat accumulation, inflammation, and fibrosis. Here, we investigated the perturbation of liver gene zonation in a mouse NASH model by combining spatial transcriptomics, bulk RNAseq and in situ hybridization. Wnt-target genes represented a major subset of genes showing altered spatial expression in the NASH liver. The altered Wnt-target gene expression levels and zonation spatial patterns were in line with the up regulation of Wnt regulators and the augmentation of Wnt signaling. Particularly, we found that the Wnt activator Rspo3 expression was restricted to the perivenous zone in control liver but expanded to the periportal zone in NASH liver. AAV8-mediated RSPO3 overexpression in controls resulted in zonation changes, and further amplified the disturbed zonation of Wnt-target genes in NASH, similarly Rspo3 knockdown in Rspo3+/- mice resulted in zonation changes of Wnt-target genes in both chow and HFD mouse. Interestingly, there were no impacts on steatosis, inflammation, or fibrosis NASH pathology from RSPO3 overexpression nor Rspo3 knockdown. In summary, our study demonstrated the alteration of Wnt signaling in a mouse NASH model, leading to perturbed liver zonation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhou
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, United States of America
| | - Yuanqi Zhao
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, United States of America
| | - Marisa Carbonaro
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, United States of America
| | - Helen Chen
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, United States of America
| | - Mary Germino
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, United States of America
| | - Christina Adler
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, United States of America
| | - Min Ni
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, United States of America
| | - Yuan O Zhu
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, United States of America
| | - Sun Y Kim
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, United States of America
| | - Judith Altarejos
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, United States of America
| | - Zhe Li
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, United States of America
| | | | - David J Glass
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, United States of America
| | - Mark W Sleeman
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, United States of America
| | - Ann-Hwee Lee
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, United States of America
| | - Gabor Halasz
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, United States of America
| | - Xiping Cheng
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Matsumoto S, Kikuchi A. Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in liver biology and tumorigenesis. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2024; 60:466-481. [PMID: 38379098 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-024-00858-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is an evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway that controls fundamental physiological and pathological processes by regulating cell proliferation and differentiation. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway enables liver homeostasis by inducing differentiation and contributes to liver-specific features such as metabolic zonation and regeneration. In contrast, abnormalities in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway promote the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Similarly, hepatoblastoma, the most common childhood liver cancer, is frequently associated with β-catenin mutations, which activate Wnt/β-catenin signaling. HCCs with activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway have unique gene expression patterns and pathological and clinical features. Accordingly, they are highly differentiated with retaining hepatocyte-like characteristics and tumorigenic. Activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in HCC also alters the state of immune cells, causing "immune evasion" with inducing resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors, which have recently become widely used to treat HCC. Activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling exhibits these phenomena in liver tumorigenesis through the expression of downstream target genes, and the molecular basis is still poorly understood. In this review, we describe the physiological roles of Wnt/b-catenin signaling and then discuss their characteristic changes by the abnormal activation of Wnt/b-catenin signaling. Clarification of the mechanism would contribute to the development of therapeutic agents in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Matsumoto
- Departments of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-Oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), 2-2 Yamada-Oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Akira Kikuchi
- Departments of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-Oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Center of Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka University, 2-8 Yamada-Oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Okada J, Landgraf A, Xiaoli AM, Liu L, Horton M, Schuster VL, Yang F, Sidoli S, Qiu Y, Kurland IJ, Eliscovich C, Shinoda K, Pessin JE. Spatial hepatocyte plasticity of gluconeogenesis during the metabolic transitions between fed, fasted and starvation states. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.29.591168. [PMID: 38746329 PMCID: PMC11092462 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.29.591168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The liver acts as a master regulator of metabolic homeostasis in part by performing gluconeogenesis. This process is dysregulated in type 2 diabetes, leading to elevated hepatic glucose output. The parenchymal cells of the liver (hepatocytes) are heterogeneous, existing on an axis between the portal triad and the central vein, and perform distinct functions depending on location in the lobule. Here, using single cell analysis of hepatocytes across the liver lobule, we demonstrate that gluconeogenic gene expression ( Pck1 and G6pc ) is relatively low in the fed state and gradually increases first in the periportal hepatocytes during the initial fasting period. As the time of fasting progresses, pericentral hepatocyte gluconeogenic gene expression increases, and following entry into the starvation state, the pericentral hepatocytes show similar gluconeogenic gene expression to the periportal hepatocytes. Similarly, pyruvate-dependent gluconeogenic activity is approximately 10-fold higher in the periportal hepatocytes during the initial fasting state but only 1.5-fold higher in the starvation state. In parallel, starvation suppresses canonical beta-catenin signaling and modulates expression of pericentral and periportal glutamine synthetase and glutaminase, resulting in an enhanced pericentral glutamine-dependent gluconeogenesis. These findings demonstrate that hepatocyte gluconeogenic gene expression and gluconeogenic activity are highly spatially and temporally plastic across the liver lobule, underscoring the critical importance of using well-defined feeding and fasting conditions to define the basis of hepatic insulin resistance and glucose production.
Collapse
|
13
|
Namoto K, Baader C, Orsini V, Landshammer A, Breuer E, Dinh KT, Ungricht R, Pikiolek M, Laurent S, Lu B, Aebi A, Schönberger K, Vangrevelinghe E, Evrova O, Sun T, Annunziato S, Lachal J, Redmond E, Wang L, Wetzel K, Capodieci P, Turner J, Schutzius G, Unterreiner V, Trunzer M, Buschmann N, Behnke D, Machauer R, Scheufler C, Parker CN, Ferro M, Grevot A, Beyerbach A, Lu WY, Forbes SJ, Wagner J, Bouwmeester T, Liu J, Sohal B, Sahambi S, Greenbaum LE, Lohmann F, Hoppe P, Cong F, Sailer AW, Ruffner H, Glatthar R, Humar B, Clavien PA, Dill MT, George E, Maibaum J, Liberali P, Tchorz JS. NIBR-LTSi is a selective LATS kinase inhibitor activating YAP signaling and expanding tissue stem cells in vitro and in vivo. Cell Stem Cell 2024; 31:554-569.e17. [PMID: 38579685 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
The YAP/Hippo pathway is an organ growth and size regulation rheostat safeguarding multiple tissue stem cell compartments. LATS kinases phosphorylate and thereby inactivate YAP, thus representing a potential direct drug target for promoting tissue regeneration. Here, we report the identification and characterization of the selective small-molecule LATS kinase inhibitor NIBR-LTSi. NIBR-LTSi activates YAP signaling, shows good oral bioavailability, and expands organoids derived from several mouse and human tissues. In tissue stem cells, NIBR-LTSi promotes proliferation, maintains stemness, and blocks differentiation in vitro and in vivo. NIBR-LTSi accelerates liver regeneration following extended hepatectomy in mice. However, increased proliferation and cell dedifferentiation in multiple organs prevent prolonged systemic LATS inhibition, thus limiting potential therapeutic benefit. Together, we report a selective LATS kinase inhibitor agonizing YAP signaling and promoting tissue regeneration in vitro and in vivo, enabling future research on the regenerative potential of the YAP/Hippo pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Namoto
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Clara Baader
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Vanessa Orsini
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Eva Breuer
- University Hospital Zurich (USZ), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kieu Trinh Dinh
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Research Group Experimental Hepatology, Inflammation and Cancer, Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Bo Lu
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alexandra Aebi
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Olivera Evrova
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tianliang Sun
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland; Division of Liver Diseases, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Julie Lachal
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Emily Redmond
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Louis Wang
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kristie Wetzel
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Gabi Schutzius
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Markus Trunzer
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Dirk Behnke
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Magali Ferro
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Armelle Grevot
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Wei-Yu Lu
- University of Edinburgh, Center for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Stuart J Forbes
- University of Edinburgh, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jürgen Wagner
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Jun Liu
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Bindi Sohal
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Felix Lohmann
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Hoppe
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Feng Cong
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Heinz Ruffner
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ralf Glatthar
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bostjan Humar
- University Hospital Zurich (USZ), Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Michael T Dill
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Research Group Experimental Hepatology, Inflammation and Cancer, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Intoxication, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Jürgen Maibaum
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Prisca Liberali
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jan S Tchorz
- Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhao Z, Cui T, Wei F, Zhou Z, Sun Y, Gao C, Xu X, Zhang H. Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma: pathogenic role and therapeutic target. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1367364. [PMID: 38634048 PMCID: PMC11022604 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1367364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignant liver tumor and one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway is a highly conserved pathway involved in several biological processes, including the improper regulation that leads to the tumorigenesis and progression of cancer. New studies have found that abnormal activation of the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway is a major cause of HCC tumorigenesis, progression, and resistance to therapy. New perspectives and approaches to treating HCC will arise from understanding this pathway. This article offers a thorough analysis of the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway's function and its therapeutic implications in HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zekun Zhao
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- The Second General Surgery Department, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tenglu Cui
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- The Radiotherapy Department, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fengxian Wei
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- The Second General Surgery Department, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhiming Zhou
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- The Second General Surgery Department, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuan Sun
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- The Second General Surgery Department, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chaofeng Gao
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- The Second General Surgery Department, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Xu
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- The Second General Surgery Department, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huihan Zhang
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- The Second General Surgery Department, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bi Y, Zhang L, Song Y, Sun L, Mulholland MW, Yin Y, Zhang W. Rspo2-LGR4 exacerbates hepatocellular carcinoma progression via activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. GASTROENTEROLOGIA Y HEPATOLOGIA 2024; 47:352-365. [PMID: 37437654 PMCID: PMC10863972 DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2023.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 4 (LGR4) plays an important role in stem cell differentiation, organ development and cancer. Whether LGR4 affects the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unknown. This study aimed to reveal the role of LGR4 in HCC. METHODS Clinical samples of HCC were collected to assess the expression of LGR4 and its correlation with patients' clinical characteristics. The expression level of LGR4 in HCC cells was altered by pharmacological and genetic methods, and the role of LGR4 in HCC progression was analyzed by in vivo and in vitro assays. HCC was induced by diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in wild-type and LGR4 deficient mice, the effect of LGR4 on HCC was examined by histopathological evaluation and biochemical assays. RESULTS LGR4 expression was up-regulated in HCC samples, and its expression level was positively correlated with tumor size, microvascular invasion (MVI), TNM stage and pathological differentiation grade of HCC patients. In the mouse HCC model induced by DEN+CCl4, knockdown of LGR4 effectively inhibited the progression of HCC. Silencing of LGR4 inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion, stem cell-like properties and Warburg effect of HCC cells. These phenotypes were promoted by R-spondin2 (Rspo2), an endogenous ligand for LGR4. Rspo2 markedly increased the nuclear translocation of β-catenin, whereas IWR-1, an inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, reversed its effect. Deficiency of LGR4 significantly reduced the nuclear translocation of β-catenin and the expression of its downstream target genes cyclinD1 and c-Myc. CONCLUSIONS LGR4 promotes HCC progression via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanghui Bi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yan Song
- First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijun Sun
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Michael W Mulholland
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yue Yin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Weizhen Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Plata-Gómez AB, de Prado-Rivas L, Sanz A, Deleyto-Seldas N, García F, de la Calle Arregui C, Silva C, Caleiras E, Graña-Castro O, Piñeiro-Yáñez E, Krebs J, Leiva-Vega L, Muñoz J, Jain A, Sabio G, Efeyan A. Hepatic nutrient and hormone signaling to mTORC1 instructs the postnatal metabolic zonation of the liver. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1878. [PMID: 38499523 PMCID: PMC10948770 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46032-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The metabolic functions of the liver are spatially organized in a phenomenon called zonation, linked to the differential exposure of portal and central hepatocytes to nutrient-rich blood. The mTORC1 signaling pathway controls cellular metabolism in response to nutrients and insulin fluctuations. Here we show that simultaneous genetic activation of nutrient and hormone signaling to mTORC1 in hepatocytes results in impaired establishment of postnatal metabolic and zonal identity of hepatocytes. Mutant hepatocytes fail to upregulate postnatally the expression of Frizzled receptors 1 and 8, and show reduced Wnt/β-catenin activation. This defect, alongside diminished paracrine Wnt2 ligand expression by endothelial cells, underlies impaired postnatal maturation. Impaired zonation is recapitulated in a model of constant supply of nutrients by parenteral nutrition to piglets. Our work shows the role of hepatocyte sensing of fluctuations in nutrients and hormones for triggering a latent metabolic zonation program.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Belén Plata-Gómez
- Metabolism and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Melchor Fernandez Almagro 3, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Lucía de Prado-Rivas
- Metabolism and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Melchor Fernandez Almagro 3, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Alba Sanz
- Metabolism and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Melchor Fernandez Almagro 3, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Nerea Deleyto-Seldas
- Metabolism and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Melchor Fernandez Almagro 3, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Fernando García
- Proteomics Unit. Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Celia de la Calle Arregui
- Metabolism and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Melchor Fernandez Almagro 3, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Camila Silva
- Metabolism and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Melchor Fernandez Almagro 3, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Eduardo Caleiras
- Histopathology Unit. Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Osvaldo Graña-Castro
- Bioinformatics Unit. Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine (IMMA-Nemesio Díez), School of Medicine, San Pablo-CEU University, CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Piñeiro-Yáñez
- Bioinformatics Unit. Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Joseph Krebs
- Department of Pediatrics, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Luis Leiva-Vega
- Myocardial Pathophysiology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Muñoz
- Proteomics Unit. Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- Cell Signalling and Clinical Proteomics Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute & Ikerbasque Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Ajay Jain
- Department of Pediatrics, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Guadalupe Sabio
- Myocardial Pathophysiology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejo Efeyan
- Metabolism and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Melchor Fernandez Almagro 3, Madrid, 28029, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang S, Wang X, Shan Y, Tan Z, Su Y, Cao Y, Wang S, Dong J, Gu J, Wang Y. Region-specific cellular and molecular basis of liver regeneration after acute pericentral injury. Cell Stem Cell 2024; 31:341-358.e7. [PMID: 38402618 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Liver injuries often occur in a zonated manner. However, detailed regenerative responses to such zonal injuries at cellular and molecular levels remain largely elusive. By using a fate-mapping strain, Cyp2e1-DreER, to elucidate liver regeneration after acute pericentral injury, we found that pericentral regeneration is primarily compensated by the expansion of remaining pericentral hepatocytes, and secondarily by expansion of periportal hepatocytes. Employing single-cell RNA sequencing, spatial transcriptomics, immunostaining, and in vivo functional assays, we demonstrated that the upregulated expression of the mTOR/4E-BP1 axis and lactate dehydrogenase A in hepatocytes contributes to pericentral regeneration, while activation of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β1) signaling in the damaged area mediates fibrotic responses and inhibits hepatocyte proliferation. Inhibiting the pericentral accumulation of monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages through an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide-based strategy attenuates these cell-derived TGF-β1 signalings, thus improving pericentral regeneration. Our study provides integrated and high-resolution spatiotemporal insights into the cellular and molecular basis of pericentral regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuyong Wang
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, Clinical Translational Science Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing 102218, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, Clinical Translational Science Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Yiran Shan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, BNRIST Bioinformatics Division, Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zuolong Tan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yuxin Su
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, Clinical Translational Science Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Yannan Cao
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, Clinical Translational Science Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, Clinical Translational Science Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Jiahong Dong
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, Clinical Translational Science Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing 102218, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jin Gu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, BNRIST Bioinformatics Division, Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Yunfang Wang
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, Clinical Translational Science Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing 102218, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yue F, Ku AT, Stevens PD, Michalski MN, Jiang W, Tu J, Shi Z, Dou Y, Wang Y, Feng XH, Hostetter G, Wu X, Huang S, Shroyer NF, Zhang B, Williams BO, Liu Q, Lin X, Li Y. Loss of ZNRF3/RNF43 Unleashes EGFR in Cancer. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.10.574969. [PMID: 38260423 PMCID: PMC10802575 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.10.574969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
ZNRF3 and RNF43 are closely related transmembrane E3 ubiquitin ligases with significant roles in development and cancer. Conventionally, their biological functions have been associated with regulating WNT signaling receptor ubiquitination and degradation. However, our proteogenomic studies have revealed EGFR as the most negatively correlated protein with ZNRF3/RNF43 mRNA levels in multiple human cancers. Through biochemical investigations, we demonstrate that ZNRF3/RNF43 interact with EGFR via their extracellular domains, leading to EGFR ubiquitination and subsequent degradation facilitated by the E3 ligase RING domain. Overexpression of ZNRF3 reduces EGFR levels and suppresses cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo, whereas knockout of ZNRF3/RNF43 stimulates cell growth and tumorigenesis through upregulated EGFR signaling. Together, these data highlight ZNRF3 and RNF43 as novel E3 ubiquitin ligases of EGFR and establish the inactivation of ZNRF3/RNF43 as a driver of increased EGFR signaling, ultimately promoting cancer progression. This discovery establishes a connection between two fundamental signaling pathways, EGFR and WNT, at the level of cytoplasmic membrane receptor, uncovering a novel mechanism underlying the frequent co-activation of EGFR and WNT signaling in development and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yue
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Amy T. Ku
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Payton D. Stevens
- Van Andel Institute, Department of Cell Biology, Grand Rapids, Michigan, 49503, USA
| | - Megan N. Michalski
- Van Andel Institute, Department of Cell Biology, Grand Rapids, Michigan, 49503, USA
| | - Weiyu Jiang
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Jianghua Tu
- Texas Therapeutics Institute and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Zhongcheng Shi
- Advanced Technology Cores, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Yongchao Dou
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xin-Hua Feng
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Galen Hostetter
- Van Andel Institute, Core Technologies and Services, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503, USA
| | - Xiangwei Wu
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Shixia Huang
- Advanced Technology Cores, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Department of Education, Innovation & Technology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Noah F. Shroyer
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Bing Zhang
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Bart O. Williams
- Van Andel Institute, Department of Cell Biology, Grand Rapids, Michigan, 49503, USA
- Van Andel Institute, Core Technologies and Services, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503, USA
| | - Qingyun Liu
- Texas Therapeutics Institute and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Xia Lin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Yi Li
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Konishi H, Rahmawati FN, Okamoto N, Akuta K, Inukai K, Jia W, Muramatsu F, Takakura N. Discovery of Transcription Factors Involved in the Maintenance of Resident Vascular Endothelial Stem Cell Properties. Mol Cell Biol 2024; 44:17-26. [PMID: 38247234 PMCID: PMC10829836 DOI: 10.1080/10985549.2023.2297997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
A resident vascular endothelial stem cell (VESC) population expressing CD157 has been identified recently in mice. Herein, we identified transcription factors (TFs) regulating CD157 expression in endothelial cells (ECs) that were associated with drug resistance, angiogenesis, and EC proliferation. In the first screening, we detected 20 candidate TFs through the CD157 promoter and gene expression analyses. We found that 10 of the 20 TFs induced CD157 expression in ECs. We previously reported that 70% of CD157 VESCs were side population (SP) ECs that abundantly expressed ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. Here, we found that the 10 TFs increased the expression of several ABC transporters in ECs and increased the proportion of SP ECs. Of these 10 TFs, we found that six (Atf3, Bhlhe40, Egr1, Egr2, Elf3, and Klf4) were involved in the manifestation of the SP phenotype. Furthermore, the six TFs enhanced tube formation and proliferation in ECs. Single-cell RNA sequence data in liver ECs suggested that Atf3 and Klf4 contributed to the production of CD157+ VESCs in the postnatal period. We concluded that Klf4 might be important for the development and maintenance of liver VESCs. Our work suggests that a TF network is involved in the differentiation hierarchy of VESCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Konishi
- Department of Signal Transduction, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Fitriana N. Rahmawati
- Department of Signal Transduction, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Naoki Okamoto
- Department of Signal Transduction, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Keigo Akuta
- Department of Signal Transduction, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Koichi Inukai
- Department of Signal Transduction, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Weizhen Jia
- Department of Signal Transduction, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Muramatsu
- Department of Signal Transduction, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Takakura
- Department of Signal Transduction, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Nejak-Bowen K, Monga SP. Wnt-β-catenin in hepatobiliary homeostasis, injury, and repair. Hepatology 2023; 78:1907-1921. [PMID: 37246413 PMCID: PMC10687322 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Wnt-β-catenin signaling has emerged as an important regulatory pathway in the liver, playing key roles in zonation and mediating contextual hepatobiliary repair after injuries. In this review, we will address the major advances in understanding the role of Wnt signaling in hepatic zonation, regeneration, and cholestasis-induced injury. We will also touch on some important unanswered questions and discuss the relevance of modulating the pathway to provide therapies for complex liver pathologies that remain a continued unmet clinical need.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kari Nejak-Bowen
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA USA
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Satdarshan P. Monga
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA USA
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Mitaka T, Ichinohe N, Tanimizu N. "Small Hepatocytes" in the Liver. Cells 2023; 12:2718. [PMID: 38067145 PMCID: PMC10705974 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mature hepatocytes (MHs) in an adult rodent liver are categorized into the following three subpopulations based on their proliferative capability: type I cells (MH-I), which are committed progenitor cells that possess a high growth capability and basal hepatocytic functions; type II cells (MH-II), which possess a limited proliferative capability; and type III cells (MH-III), which lose the ability to divide (replicative senescence) and reach the final differentiated state. These subpopulations may explain the liver's development and growth after birth. Generally, small-sized hepatocytes emerge in mammal livers. The cells are characterized by being morphologically identical to hepatocytes except for their size, which is substantially smaller than that of ordinary MHs. We initially discovered small hepatocytes (SHs) in the primary culture of rat hepatocytes. We believe that SHs are derived from MH-I and play a role as hepatocytic progenitors to supply MHs. The population of MH-I (SHs) is distributed in the whole lobules, a part of which possesses a self-renewal capability, and decreases with age. Conversely, injured livers of experimental models and clinical cases showed the emergence of SHs. Studies demonstrate the involvement of SHs in liver regeneration. SHs that appeared in the injured livers are not a pure population but a mixture of two distinct origins, MH-derived and hepatic-stem-cell-derived cells. The predominant cell-derived SHs depend on the proliferative capability of the remaining MHs after the injury. This review will focus on the SHs that appeared in the liver and discuss the significance of SHs in liver regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Mitaka
- Department of Tissue Development and Regeneration, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; (N.I.); (N.T.)
| | - Norihisa Ichinohe
- Department of Tissue Development and Regeneration, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; (N.I.); (N.T.)
| | - Naoki Tanimizu
- Department of Tissue Development and Regeneration, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; (N.I.); (N.T.)
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Gao W, Zhang L, Li Z, Wu T, Lang C, Mulholland MW, Zhang W. Nuclear Acly protects the liver from ischemia-reperfusion injury. Hepatology 2023:01515467-990000000-00658. [PMID: 37983829 PMCID: PMC11102925 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is the most common complication that occurs in liver surgery and hemorrhagic shock. ATP citrate lyase (Acly) plays a pivotal role in chromatin modification via generating acetyl-CoA for histone acetylation to influence biological processes. We aim to examine the roles of Acly, which is highly expressed in hepatocytes, in liver IR injury. APPROACH AND RESULTS The functions of Acly in hepatic IR injury were examined in the mouse model with a hepatocyte-specific knockout of Acly . The Acly target genes were analyzed by CUT&RUN assay and RNA sequencing. The relationship between the susceptibility of the steatotic liver to IR and Acly was determined by the gain of function studies in mice. Hepatic deficiency of Acly exacerbated liver IR injury. IR induced Acly nuclear translocation in hepatocytes, which spatially fueled nuclear acetyl-CoA. This alteration was associated with enhanced acetylation of H3K9 and subsequent activation of the Foxa2 signaling pathway. Nuclear localization of Acly enabled Foxa2-mediated protective effects after hypoxia-reperfusion in cultured hepatocytes, while cytosolic Acly demonstrated no effect. The presence of steatosis disrupted Acly nuclear translocation. In the steatotic liver, restoration of Acly nuclear localization through overexpression of Rspondin-1 or Rspondin-3 ameliorated the IR-induced injury. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that Acly regulates histone modification by means of nuclear AcCoA production in hepatic IR. Disruption of Acly nuclear translocation increases the vulnerability of the steatotic liver to IR. Nuclear Acly thus may serve as a potential therapeutic target for future interventions in hepatic IR injury, particularly in the context of steatosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Gao
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Hu Y, Hu X, Luo J, Huang J, Sun Y, Li H, Qiao Y, Wu H, Li J, Zhou L, Zheng S. Liver organoid culture methods. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:197. [PMID: 37915043 PMCID: PMC10619312 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01136-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Organoids, three-dimensional structures cultured in vitro, can recapitulate the microenvironment, complex architecture, and cellular functions of in vivo organs or tissues. In recent decades, liver organoids have been developed rapidly, and their applications in biomedicine, such as drug screening, disease modeling, and regenerative medicine, have been widely recognized. However, the lack of repeatability and consistency, including the lack of standardized culture conditions, has been a major obstacle to the development and clinical application of liver organoids. It is time-consuming for researchers to identify an appropriate medium component scheme, and the usage of some ingredients remains controversial. In this review, we summarized and compared different methods for liver organoid cultivation that have been published in recent years, focusing on controversial medium components and discussing their advantages and drawbacks. We aimed to provide an effective reference for the development and standardization of liver organoid cultivation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Hu
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Xiaoyi Hu
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Jia Luo
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Jiacheng Huang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yaohan Sun
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Haoyu Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yinbiao Qiao
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Jianhui Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital, Zhejiang Shuren University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310015, China
- The Organ Repair and Regeneration Medicine Institute of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, 250117, China.
| | - Shusen Zheng
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital, Zhejiang Shuren University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310015, China.
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, 250117, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Yang L, Wang X, Zheng JX, Xu ZR, Li LC, Xiong YL, Zhou BC, Gao J, Xu CR. Determination of key events in mouse hepatocyte maturation at the single-cell level. Dev Cell 2023; 58:1996-2010.e6. [PMID: 37557173 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocytes, the liver's predominant cells, perform numerous essential biological functions. However, crucial events and regulators during hepatocyte maturation require in-depth investigation. In this study, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) to explore the precise hepatocyte development process in mice. We defined three maturation stages of postnatal hepatocytes, each of which establishes specific metabolic functions and exhibits distinct proliferation rates. Hepatic zonation is gradually formed during hepatocyte maturation. Hepatocytes or their nuclei with distinct ploidies exhibit zonation preferences in distribution and asynchrony in maturation. Moreover, by combining gene regulatory network analysis with in vivo genetic manipulation, we identified critical maturation- and zonation-related transcription factors. This study not only delineates the comprehensive transcriptomic profiles of hepatocyte maturation but also presents a paradigm to identify genes that function in the development of hepatocyte maturation and zonation by combining genetic manipulation and measurement of coordinates in a single-cell developmental trajectory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jia-Xi Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Zi-Ran Xu
- PKU-Tsinghua-NIBS Graduate Program, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lin-Chen Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yu-Long Xiong
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Bi-Chen Zhou
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Cheng-Ran Xu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chen L, Zhang L, Jin G, Liu Y, Guo N, Sun H, Jiang Y, Zhang X, He G, Lv G, Yang J, Tu X, Dong T, Liu H, An J, Si G, Kang Z, Li H, Yi S, Chen G, Liu W, Yang Y, Ou J. Synergy of 5-aminolevulinate supplement and CX3CR1 suppression promotes liver regeneration via elevated IGF-1 signaling. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112984. [PMID: 37578861 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Inadequate remnant volume and regenerative ability of the liver pose life-threatening risks to patients after partial liver transplantation (PLT) or partial hepatectomy (PHx), while few clinical treatments focus on safely accelerating regeneration. Recently, we discovered that supplementing 5-aminolevulinate (5-ALA) improves liver cold adaptation and functional recovery, leading us to uncover a correlation between 5-ALA metabolic activities and post-PLT recovery. In a mouse 2/3 PHx model, 5-ALA supplements enhanced liver regeneration, promoting infiltration and polarization of anti-inflammatory macrophages via P53 signaling. Intriguingly, chemokine receptor CX3CR1 functions to counterbalance these effects. Genetic ablation or pharmacological inhibition of CX3CR1 (AZD8797; phase II trial candidate) augmented the macrophagic production of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and subsequent hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) production by hepatic stellate cells. Thus, short-term treatments with both 5-ALA and AZD8797 demonstrated pro-regeneration outcomes superior to 5-ALA-only treatments in mice after PHx. Overall, our findings may inspire safe and effective strategies to better treat PLT and PHx patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; Organ Transplantation Institute, Sun Yat-sen University; Organ Transplantation Research Center of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Transplantation Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Biotherapy and Translational Medicine of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lele Zhang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; Organ Transplantation Institute, Sun Yat-sen University; Organ Transplantation Research Center of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Transplantation Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanghui Jin
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; Organ Transplantation Institute, Sun Yat-sen University; Organ Transplantation Research Center of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Transplantation Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yasong Liu
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; Organ Transplantation Institute, Sun Yat-sen University; Organ Transplantation Research Center of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Transplantation Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Na Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haobin Sun
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; Organ Transplantation Institute, Sun Yat-sen University; Organ Transplantation Research Center of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Transplantation Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; Organ Transplantation Institute, Sun Yat-sen University; Organ Transplantation Research Center of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Transplantation Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; Organ Transplantation Institute, Sun Yat-sen University; Organ Transplantation Research Center of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Transplantation Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guobin He
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guo Lv
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinghong Yang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; Organ Transplantation Institute, Sun Yat-sen University; Organ Transplantation Research Center of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Transplantation Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuanjun Tu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Dong
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; Organ Transplantation Institute, Sun Yat-sen University; Organ Transplantation Research Center of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Transplantation Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huanyi Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhong An
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; The State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ge Si
- Department of Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuang Kang
- Department of Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; Organ Transplantation Institute, Sun Yat-sen University; Organ Transplantation Research Center of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Transplantation Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuhong Yi
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; Organ Transplantation Institute, Sun Yat-sen University; Organ Transplantation Research Center of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Transplantation Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guihua Chen
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; Organ Transplantation Institute, Sun Yat-sen University; Organ Transplantation Research Center of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Transplantation Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Biotherapy and Translational Medicine of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; Organ Transplantation Institute, Sun Yat-sen University; Organ Transplantation Research Center of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Transplantation Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Biotherapy and Translational Medicine of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; Organ Transplantation Institute, Sun Yat-sen University; Organ Transplantation Research Center of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Transplantation Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Biotherapy and Translational Medicine of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jingxing Ou
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; Organ Transplantation Institute, Sun Yat-sen University; Organ Transplantation Research Center of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Transplantation Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Biotherapy and Translational Medicine of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Passman AM, Haughey MJ, Carlotti E, Williams MJ, Cereser B, Lin ML, Devkumar S, Gabriel JP, Gringeri E, Cillo U, Russo FP, Hoare M, ChinAleong J, Jansen M, Wright NA, Kocher HM, Huang W, Alison MR, McDonald SAC. Hepatocytes undergo punctuated expansion dynamics from a periportal stem cell niche in normal human liver. J Hepatol 2023; 79:417-432. [PMID: 37088309 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS While normal human liver is thought to be generally quiescent, clonal hepatocyte expansions have been observed, though neither their cellular source nor their expansion dynamics have been determined. Knowing the hepatocyte cell of origin, and their subsequent dynamics and trajectory within the human liver will provide an important basis to understand disease-associated dysregulation. METHODS Herein, we use in vivo lineage tracing and methylation sequence analysis to demonstrate normal human hepatocyte ancestry. We exploit next-generation mitochondrial sequencing to determine hepatocyte clonal expansion dynamics across spatially distinct areas of laser-captured, microdissected, clones, in tandem with computational modelling in morphologically normal human liver. RESULTS Hepatocyte clones and rare SOX9+ hepatocyte progenitors commonly associate with portal tracts and we present evidence that clones can lineage-trace with cholangiocytes, indicating the presence of a bipotential common ancestor at this niche. Within clones, we demonstrate methylation CpG sequence diversity patterns indicative of periportal not pericentral ancestral origins, indicating a portal to central vein expansion trajectory. Using spatial analysis of mitochondrial DNA variants by next-generation sequencing coupled with mathematical modelling and Bayesian inference across the portal-central axis, we demonstrate that patterns of mitochondrial DNA variants reveal large numbers of spatially restricted mutations in conjunction with limited numbers of clonal mutations. CONCLUSIONS These datasets support the existence of a periportal progenitor niche and indicate that clonal patches exhibit punctuated but slow growth, then quiesce, likely due to acute environmental stimuli. These findings crucially contribute to our understanding of hepatocyte dynamics in the normal human liver. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS The liver is mainly composed of hepatocytes, but we know little regarding the source of these cells or how they multiply over time within the disease-free human liver. In this study, we determine a source of new hepatocytes by combining many different lab-based methods and computational predictions to show that hepatocytes share a common cell of origin with bile ducts. Both our experimental and computational data also demonstrate hepatocyte clones are likely to expand in slow waves across the liver in a specific trajectory, but often lie dormant for many years. These data show for the first time the expansion dynamics of hepatocytes in normal liver and their cell of origin enabling the accurate measurment of changes to their dynamics that may lead to liver disease. These findings are important for researchers determining cancer risk in human liver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Passman
- Centre for Cancer Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Magnus J Haughey
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Emanuela Carlotti
- Centre for Cancer Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Marc J Williams
- Centre for Cancer Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Bianca Cereser
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Meng-Lay Lin
- Centre for Cancer Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Shruthi Devkumar
- Centre for Cancer Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Jonathan P Gabriel
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Enrico Gringeri
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Umberto Cillo
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesco Paolo Russo
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Matthew Hoare
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Marnix Jansen
- Department of Cellular Pathology, University College London, London, UK; UCL Cancer Centre, University College London, London, UK
| | - Nicholas A Wright
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Hermant M Kocher
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK; Cancer Tissue Bank, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK; Barts and the London HPB Centre, The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Weini Huang
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK; Group of Theoretical Biology, The State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Malcolm R Alison
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Stuart A C McDonald
- Centre for Cancer Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Chen F, Schönberger K, Tchorz JS. Distinct hepatocyte identities in liver homeostasis and regeneration. JHEP Rep 2023; 5:100779. [PMID: 37456678 PMCID: PMC10339260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2023.100779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The process of metabolic liver zonation is spontaneously established by assigning distributed tasks to hepatocytes along the porto-central blood flow. Hepatocytes fulfil critical metabolic functions, while also maintaining hepatocyte mass by replication when needed. Recent technological advances have enabled us to fine-tune our understanding of hepatocyte identity during homeostasis and regeneration. Subsets of hepatocytes have been identified to be more regenerative and some have even been proposed to function like stem cells, challenging the long-standing view that all hepatocytes are similarly capable of regeneration. The latest data show that hepatocyte renewal during homeostasis and regeneration after liver injury is not limited to rare hepatocytes; however, hepatocytes are not exactly the same. Herein, we review the known differences that give individual hepatocytes distinct identities, recent findings demonstrating how these distinct identities correspond to differences in hepatocyte regenerative capacity, and how the plasticity of hepatocyte identity allows for division of labour among hepatocytes. We further discuss how these distinct hepatocyte identities may play a role during liver disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | | | - Jan S. Tchorz
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Obrecht M, Zurbruegg S, Accart N, Lambert C, Doelemeyer A, Ledermann B, Beckmann N. Magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound elastography in the context of preclinical pharmacological research: significance for the 3R principles. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1177421. [PMID: 37448960 PMCID: PMC10337591 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1177421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The 3Rs principles-reduction, refinement, replacement-are at the core of preclinical research within drug discovery, which still relies to a great extent on the availability of models of disease in animals. Minimizing their distress, reducing their number as well as searching for means to replace them in experimental studies are constant objectives in this area. Due to its non-invasive character in vivo imaging supports these efforts by enabling repeated longitudinal assessments in each animal which serves as its own control, thereby enabling to reduce considerably the animal utilization in the experiments. The repetitive monitoring of pathology progression and the effects of therapy becomes feasible by assessment of quantitative biomarkers. Moreover, imaging has translational prospects by facilitating the comparison of studies performed in small rodents and humans. Also, learnings from the clinic may be potentially back-translated to preclinical settings and therefore contribute to refining animal investigations. By concentrating on activities around the application of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound elastography to small rodent models of disease, we aim to illustrate how in vivo imaging contributes primarily to reduction and refinement in the context of pharmacological research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Obrecht
- Diseases of Aging and Regenerative Medicines, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Zurbruegg
- Neurosciences Department, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Accart
- Diseases of Aging and Regenerative Medicines, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Lambert
- Diseases of Aging and Regenerative Medicines, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arno Doelemeyer
- Diseases of Aging and Regenerative Medicines, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Birgit Ledermann
- 3Rs Leader, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicolau Beckmann
- Diseases of Aging and Regenerative Medicines, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Trinh VQH, Lee TF, Lemoinne S, Ray KC, Ybanez MD, Tsuchida T, Carter JK, Agudo J, Brown BD, Akat KM, Friedman SL, Lee YA. Hepatic stellate cells maintain liver homeostasis through paracrine neurotrophin-3 signaling that induces hepatocyte proliferation. Sci Signal 2023; 16:eadf6696. [PMID: 37253090 PMCID: PMC10367116 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.adf6696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Organ size is maintained by the controlled proliferation of distinct cell populations. In the mouse liver, hepatocytes in the midlobular zone that are positive for cyclin D1 (CCND1) repopulate the parenchyma at a constant rate to preserve liver mass. Here, we investigated how hepatocyte proliferation is supported by hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), pericytes that are in close proximity to hepatocytes. We used T cells to ablate nearly all HSCs in the murine liver, enabling the unbiased characterization of HSC functions. In the normal liver, complete loss of HSCs persisted for up to 10 weeks and caused a gradual reduction in liver mass and in the number of CCND1+ hepatocytes. We identified neurotrophin-3 (Ntf-3) as an HSC-produced factor that induced the proliferation of midlobular hepatocytes through the activation of tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB). Treating HSC-depleted mice with Ntf-3 restored CCND1+ hepatocytes in the midlobular region and increased liver mass. These findings establish that HSCs form the mitogenic niche for midlobular hepatocytes and identify Ntf-3 as a hepatocyte growth factor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ting-Fang Lee
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sara Lemoinne
- Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York, NY, USA
| | - Kevin C. Ray
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Maria D. Ybanez
- Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York, NY, USA
| | - Takuma Tsuchida
- Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York, NY, USA
| | - James K. Carter
- Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York, NY, USA
| | - Judith Agudo
- Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brian D. Brown
- Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kemal M. Akat
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Scott L. Friedman
- Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York, NY, USA
| | - Youngmin A. Lee
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Nashville, TN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Rodimova S, Mozherov A, Elagin V, Karabut M, Shchechkin I, Kozlov D, Krylov D, Gavrina A, Bobrov N, Zagainov V, Zagaynova E, Kuznetsova D. Effect of Hepatic Pathology on Liver Regeneration: The Main Metabolic Mechanisms Causing Impaired Hepatic Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119112. [PMID: 37298064 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver regeneration has been studied for many decades, and the mechanisms underlying regeneration of normal liver following resection are well described. However, no less relevant is the study of mechanisms that disrupt the process of liver regeneration. First of all, a violation of liver regeneration can occur in the presence of concomitant hepatic pathology, which is a key factor reducing the liver's regenerative potential. Understanding these mechanisms could enable the rational targeting of specific therapies to either reduce the factors inhibiting regeneration or to directly stimulate liver regeneration. This review describes the known mechanisms of normal liver regeneration and factors that reduce its regenerative potential, primarily at the level of hepatocyte metabolism, in the presence of concomitant hepatic pathology. We also briefly discuss promising strategies for stimulating liver regeneration and those concerning methods for assessing the regenerative potential of the liver, especially intraoperatively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Rodimova
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603000 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Artem Mozherov
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603000 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetic Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, N.I. Lobachevsky Nizhny Novgorod National Research State University, 23 Gagarina Ave., 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Vadim Elagin
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603000 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Maria Karabut
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603000 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Ilya Shchechkin
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603000 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetic Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, N.I. Lobachevsky Nizhny Novgorod National Research State University, 23 Gagarina Ave., 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Dmitry Kozlov
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603000 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetic Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, N.I. Lobachevsky Nizhny Novgorod National Research State University, 23 Gagarina Ave., 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Dmitry Krylov
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603000 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetic Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, N.I. Lobachevsky Nizhny Novgorod National Research State University, 23 Gagarina Ave., 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Alena Gavrina
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603000 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetic Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, N.I. Lobachevsky Nizhny Novgorod National Research State University, 23 Gagarina Ave., 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Nikolai Bobrov
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603000 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- The Volga District Medical Centre of Federal Medical and Biological Agency, 14 Ilinskaya St., 603000 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Vladimir Zagainov
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603000 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Nizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical Oncologic Dispensary, Delovaya St., 11/1, 603126 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Elena Zagaynova
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603000 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Daria Kuznetsova
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603000 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetic Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, N.I. Lobachevsky Nizhny Novgorod National Research State University, 23 Gagarina Ave., 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
May S, Müller M, Livingstone CR, Skalka GL, Walsh PJ, Nixon C, Hedley A, Shaw R, Clark W, Vande Voorde J, Officer-Jones L, Ballantyne F, Powley IR, Drake TM, Kiourtis C, Keith A, Rocha AS, Tardito S, Sumpton D, Le Quesne J, Bushell M, Sansom OJ, Bird TG. Absent expansion of AXIN2+ hepatocytes and altered physiology in Axin2CreERT2 mice challenges the role of pericentral hepatocytes in homeostatic liver regeneration. J Hepatol 2023; 78:1028-1036. [PMID: 36702176 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Mouse models of lineage tracing have helped to describe the important subpopulations of hepatocytes responsible for liver regeneration. However, conflicting results have been obtained from different models. Herein, we aimed to reconcile these conflicting reports by repeating a key lineage-tracing study from pericentral hepatocytes and characterising this Axin2CreERT2 model in detail. METHODS We performed detailed characterisation of the labelled population in the Axin2CreERT2 model. We lineage traced this cell population, quantifying the labelled population over 1 year and performed in-depth phenotypic comparisons, including transcriptomics, metabolomics and analysis of proteins through immunohistochemistry, of Axin2CreERT2 mice to WT counterparts. RESULTS We found that after careful definition of a baseline population, there are marked differences in labelling between male and female mice. Upon induced lineage tracing there was no expansion of the labelled hepatocyte population in Axin2CreERT2 mice. We found substantial evidence of disrupted homeostasis in Axin2CreERT2 mice. Offspring are born with sub-Mendelian ratios and adult mice have perturbations of hepatic Wnt/β-catenin signalling and related metabolomic disturbance. CONCLUSIONS We find no evidence of predominant expansion of the pericentral hepatocyte population during liver homeostatic regeneration. Our data highlight the importance of detailed preclinical model characterisation and the pitfalls which may occur when comparing across sexes and backgrounds of mice and the effects of genetic insertion into native loci. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS Understanding the source of cells which regenerate the liver is crucial to harness their potential to regrow injured livers. Herein, we show that cells which were previously thought to repopulate the liver play only a limited role in physiological regeneration. Our data helps to reconcile differing conclusions drawn from results from a number of prior studies and highlights methodological challenges which are relevant to preclinical models more generally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie May
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Miryam Müller
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | | | | | - Peter J Walsh
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK; School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Colin Nixon
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Ann Hedley
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Robin Shaw
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - William Clark
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | | | | | | | - Ian R Powley
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Thomas M Drake
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK; School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK; Centre for Medical Informatics, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Christos Kiourtis
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK; School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Andrew Keith
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | | | - Saverio Tardito
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK; School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - David Sumpton
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - John Le Quesne
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK; School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK; Department of Histopathology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, UK
| | - Martin Bushell
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK; School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Owen J Sansom
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK; School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Thomas G Bird
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK; School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK; MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, EH164TJ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Gayden J, Hu S, Joseph PN, Delgado E, Liu S, Bell A, Puig S, Monga SP, Freyberg Z. A Spatial Atlas of Wnt Receptors in Adult Mouse Liver. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2023; 193:558-566. [PMID: 36773785 PMCID: PMC10155265 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic zonation is critical for most metabolic functions in liver. Wnt signaling plays an important role in establishing and maintaining liver zonation. Yet, the anatomic expression of Wnt signaling components, especially all 10 Frizzled (Fzd) receptors, has not been characterized in adult liver. To address this, the spatial expression of Fzd receptors was quantitatively mapped in adult mouse liver via multiplex fluorescent in situ hybridization. Although all 10 Fzd receptors were expressed within a metabolic unit, Fzd receptors 1, 4, and 6 were the highest expressed. Although most Wnt signaling occurs in zone 3, expression of most Fzd receptors was not zonated. In contrast, Fzd receptor 6 was preferentially expressed in zone 1. Wnt2 and Wnt9b expression was highly zonated and primarily found in zone 3. Therefore, the current results suggest that zonated Wnt/β-catenin signaling at baseline occurs primarily due to Wnt2 and Wnt9b rather than zonation of Fzd mRNA expression. Finally, the study showed that Fzd receptors and Wnts are not uniformly expressed by all hepatic cell types. Instead, there is broad distribution among both hepatocytes and nonparenchymal cells, including endothelial cells. Overall, this establishment of a definitive mRNA expression atlas, especially of Fzd receptors, opens the door to future functional characterization in healthy and diseased liver states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenesis Gayden
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Shikai Hu
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Paul N Joseph
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Evan Delgado
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Silvia Liu
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Aaron Bell
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Stephanie Puig
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Satdarshan P Monga
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
| | - Zachary Freyberg
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Parab S, Setten E, Astanina E, Bussolino F, Doronzo G. The tissue-specific transcriptional landscape underlines the involvement of endothelial cells in health and disease. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 246:108418. [PMID: 37088448 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) that line vascular and lymphatic vessels are being increasingly recognized as important to organ function in health and disease. ECs participate not only in the trafficking of gases, metabolites, and cells between the bloodstream and tissues but also in the angiocrine-based induction of heterogeneous parenchymal cells, which are unique to their specific tissue functions. The molecular mechanisms regulating EC heterogeneity between and within different tissues are modeled during embryogenesis and become fully established in adults. Any changes in adult tissue homeostasis induced by aging, stress conditions, and various noxae may reshape EC heterogeneity and induce specific transcriptional features that condition a functional phenotype. Heterogeneity is sustained via specific genetic programs organized through the combinatory effects of a discrete number of transcription factors (TFs) that, at the single tissue-level, constitute dynamic networks that are post-transcriptionally and epigenetically regulated. This review is focused on outlining the TF-based networks involved in EC specialization and physiological and pathological stressors thought to modify their architecture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sushant Parab
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, IT, Italy; Candiolo Cancer Institute-IRCCS-FPO, Candiolo, Torino, IT, Italy
| | - Elisa Setten
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, IT, Italy; Candiolo Cancer Institute-IRCCS-FPO, Candiolo, Torino, IT, Italy
| | - Elena Astanina
- Candiolo Cancer Institute-IRCCS-FPO, Candiolo, Torino, IT, Italy
| | - Federico Bussolino
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, IT, Italy; Candiolo Cancer Institute-IRCCS-FPO, Candiolo, Torino, IT, Italy.
| | - Gabriella Doronzo
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, IT, Italy; Candiolo Cancer Institute-IRCCS-FPO, Candiolo, Torino, IT, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Pu W, Zhu H, Zhang M, Pikiolek M, Ercan C, Li J, Huang X, Han X, Zhang Z, Lv Z, Li Y, Liu K, He L, Liu X, Heim MH, Terracciano LM, Tchorz JS, Zhou B. Bipotent transitional liver progenitor cells contribute to liver regeneration. Nat Genet 2023; 55:651-664. [PMID: 36914834 PMCID: PMC10101857 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01335-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Following severe liver injury, when hepatocyte-mediated regeneration is impaired, biliary epithelial cells (BECs) can transdifferentiate into functional hepatocytes. However, the subset of BECs with such facultative tissue stem cell potential, as well as the mechanisms enabling transdifferentiation, remains elusive. Here we identify a transitional liver progenitor cell (TLPC), which originates from BECs and differentiates into hepatocytes during regeneration from severe liver injury. By applying a dual genetic lineage tracing approach, we specifically labeled TLPCs and found that they are bipotent, as they either differentiate into hepatocytes or re-adopt BEC fate. Mechanistically, Notch and Wnt/β-catenin signaling orchestrate BEC-to-TLPC and TLPC-to-hepatocyte conversions, respectively. Together, our study provides functional and mechanistic insights into transdifferentiation-assisted liver regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Monika Pikiolek
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Caner Ercan
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiuzhen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ximeng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zan Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Kuo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingjuan He
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiuxiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Markus H Heim
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Clarunis University Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Luigi M Terracciano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Jan S Tchorz
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Bin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China. .,Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China. .,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China. .,New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Shenzhen, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Huppert SS, Schwartz RE. Multiple Facets of Cellular Homeostasis and Regeneration of the Mammalian Liver. Annu Rev Physiol 2023; 85:469-493. [PMID: 36270290 PMCID: PMC9918695 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-032822-094134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Liver regeneration occurs in response to diverse injuries and is capable of functionally reestablishing the lost parenchyma. This phenomenon has been known since antiquity, encapsulated in the Greek myth where Prometheus was to be punished by Zeus for sharing the gift of fire with humanity by having an eagle eat his liver daily, only to have the liver regrow back, thus ensuring eternal suffering and punishment. Today, this process is actively leveraged clinically during living donor liver transplantation whereby up to a two-thirds hepatectomy (resection or removal of part of the liver) on a donor is used for transplant to a recipient. The donor liver rapidly regenerates to recover the lost parenchymal mass to form a functional tissue. This astonishing regenerative process and unique capacity of the liver are examined in further detail in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stacey S Huppert
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Robert E Schwartz
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA;
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
May S, Bird TG. How the liver keeps itself in shape. eLife 2023; 12:e85606. [PMID: 36729029 PMCID: PMC9894582 DOI: 10.7554/elife.85606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
After fasting, hepatocytes proliferate to help the liver grow back to its original size.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie May
- Cancer Research UK Beatson InstituteGlasgowUnited Kingdom
| | - Thomas G Bird
- Cancer Research UK Beatson InstituteGlasgowUnited Kingdom
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of GlasgowGlasgowUnited Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Saponara E, Penno C, Orsini V, Wang ZY, Fischer A, Aebi A, Matadamas-Guzman ML, Brun V, Fischer B, Brousseau M, O'Donnell P, Turner J, Graff Meyer A, Bollepalli L, d'Ario G, Roma G, Carbone W, Annunziato S, Obrecht M, Beckmann N, Saravanan C, Osmont A, Tropberger P, Richards SM, Genoud C, Ley S, Ksiazek I, Nigsch F, Terracciano LM, Schadt HS, Bouwmeester T, Tchorz JS, Ruffner H. Loss of Hepatic Leucine-Rich Repeat-Containing G-Protein Coupled Receptors 4 and 5 Promotes Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2023; 193:161-181. [PMID: 36410420 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2022.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The roof plate-specific spondin-leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 4/5 (LGR4/5)-zinc and ring finger 3 (ZNRF3)/ring finger protein 43 (RNF43) module is a master regulator of hepatic Wnt/β-catenin signaling and metabolic zonation. However, its impact on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains unclear. The current study investigated whether hepatic epithelial cell-specific loss of the Wnt/β-catenin modulator Lgr4/5 promoted NAFLD. The 3- and 6-month-old mice with hepatic epithelial cell-specific deletion of both receptors Lgr4/5 (Lgr4/5dLKO) were compared with control mice fed with normal diet (ND) or high-fat diet (HFD). Six-month-old HFD-fed Lgr4/5dLKO mice developed hepatic steatosis and fibrosis but the control mice did not. Serum cholesterol-high-density lipoprotein and total cholesterol levels in 3- and 6-month-old HFD-fed Lgr4/5dLKO mice were decreased compared with those in control mice. An ex vivo primary hepatocyte culture assay and a comprehensive bile acid (BA) characterization in liver, plasma, bile, and feces demonstrated that ND-fed Lgr4/5dLKO mice had impaired BA secretion, predisposing them to develop cholestatic characteristics. Lipidome and RNA-sequencing analyses demonstrated severe alterations in several lipid species and pathways controlling lipid metabolism in the livers of Lgr4/5dLKO mice. In conclusion, loss of hepatic Wnt/β-catenin activity by Lgr4/5 deletion led to loss of BA secretion, cholestatic features, altered lipid homeostasis, and deregulation of lipoprotein pathways. Both BA and intrinsic lipid alterations contributed to the onset of NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Saponara
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Carlos Penno
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Vanessa Orsini
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Zhong-Yi Wang
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Audrey Fischer
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Aebi
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Meztli L Matadamas-Guzman
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Virginie Brun
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Benoit Fischer
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Margaret Brousseau
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Peter O'Donnell
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Jonathan Turner
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Graff Meyer
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for BioMedical Research, Facility for Advanced Imaging and Microscopy, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Laura Bollepalli
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni d'Ario
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Guglielmo Roma
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Walter Carbone
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Annunziato
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Obrecht
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicolau Beckmann
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Chandra Saravanan
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Arnaud Osmont
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Tropberger
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Shola M Richards
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christel Genoud
- Electron Microscopy Facility, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Svenja Ley
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Iwona Ksiazek
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Florian Nigsch
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Luigi M Terracciano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Humanitas Research Hospital, Anatomia Patologica, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Heiko S Schadt
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tewis Bouwmeester
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jan S Tchorz
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Heinz Ruffner
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Martini T, Naef F, Tchorz JS. Spatiotemporal Metabolic Liver Zonation and Consequences on Pathophysiology. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY 2023; 18:439-466. [PMID: 36693201 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathmechdis-031521-024831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocytes are the main workers in the hepatic factory, managing metabolism of nutrients and xenobiotics, production and recycling of proteins, and glucose and lipid homeostasis. Division of labor between hepatocytes is critical to coordinate complex complementary or opposing multistep processes, similar to distributed tasks at an assembly line. This so-called metabolic zonation has both spatial and temporal components. Spatial distribution of metabolic function in hepatocytes of different lobular zones is necessary to perform complex sequential multistep metabolic processes and to assign metabolic tasks to the right environment. Moreover, temporal control of metabolic processes is critical to align required metabolic processes to the feeding and fasting cycles. Disruption of this complex spatiotemporal hepatic organization impairs key metabolic processes with both local and systemic consequences. Many metabolic diseases, such as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and diabetes, are associated with impaired metabolic liver zonation. Recent technological advances shed new light on the spatiotemporal gene expression networks controlling liver function and how their deregulation may be involved in a large variety of diseases. We summarize the current knowledge about spatiotemporal metabolic liver zonation and consequences on liver pathobiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomaz Martini
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Felix Naef
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Jan S Tchorz
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland;
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Alvarez-Rodrigo I, Willnow D, Vincent JP. The logistics of Wnt production and delivery. Curr Top Dev Biol 2023; 153:1-60. [PMID: 36967191 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2023.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Wnts are secreted proteins that control stem cell maintenance, cell fate decisions, and growth during development and adult homeostasis. Wnts carry a post-translational modification not seen in any other secreted protein: during biosynthesis, they are appended with a palmitoleoyl moiety that is required for signaling but also impairs solubility and hence diffusion in the extracellular space. In some contexts, Wnts act only in a juxtacrine manner but there are also instances of long range action. Several proteins and processes ensure that active Wnts reach the appropriate target cells. Some, like Porcupine, Wntless, and Notum are dedicated to Wnt function; we describe their activities in molecular detail. We also outline how the cell infrastructure (secretory, endocytic, and retromer pathways) contribute to the progression of Wnts from production to delivery. We then address how Wnts spread in the extracellular space and form a signaling gradient despite carrying a hydrophobic moiety. We highlight particularly the role of lipid-binding Wnt interactors and heparan sulfate proteoglycans. Finally, we briefly discuss how evolution might have led to the emergence of this unusual signaling pathway.
Collapse
|
40
|
Chen T, Dalton G, Oh SH, Maeso-Diaz R, Du K, Meyers RA, Guy C, Abdelmalek MF, Henao R, Guarnieri P, Pullen SS, Gregory S, Locker J, Brown JM, Diehl AM. Hepatocyte Smoothened Activity Controls Susceptibility to Insulin Resistance and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 15:949-970. [PMID: 36535507 PMCID: PMC9957752 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a leading cause of cirrhosis, strongly associates with the metabolic syndrome, an insulin-resistant proinflammatory state that disrupts energy balance and promotes progressive liver degeneration. We aimed to define the role of Smoothened (Smo), an obligatory component of the Hedgehog signaling pathway, in controlling hepatocyte metabolic homeostasis and, thereby, susceptibility to NASH. METHODS We conditionally deleted Smo in hepatocytes of healthy chow-fed mice and performed metabolic phenotyping, coupled with single-cell RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), to characterize the role of hepatocyte Smo in regulating basal hepatic and systemic metabolic homeostasis. Liver RNA-seq datasets from 2 large human cohorts were also analyzed to define the relationship between Smo and NASH susceptibility in people. RESULTS Hepatocyte Smo deletion inhibited the Hedgehog pathway and promoted fatty liver, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance. We identified a plausible mechanism whereby inactivation of Smo stimulated the mTORC1-SREBP1c signaling axis, which promoted lipogenesis while inhibiting the hepatic insulin cascade. Transcriptomics of bulk and single Smo-deficient hepatocytes supported suppression of insulin signaling and also revealed molecular abnormalities associated with oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Analysis of human bulk RNA-seq data revealed that Smo expression was (1) highest in healthy livers, (2) lower in livers with NASH than in those with simple steatosis, (3) negatively correlated with markers of insulin resistance and liver injury, and (4) declined progressively as fibrosis severity worsened. CONCLUSIONS The Hedgehog pathway controls insulin sensitivity and energy homeostasis in adult livers. Loss of hepatocyte Hedgehog activity induces hepatic and systemic metabolic stress and enhances susceptibility to NASH by promoting hepatic lipoxicity and insulin resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Chen
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - George Dalton
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Seh-Hoon Oh
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Kuo Du
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Rachel A Meyers
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Cynthia Guy
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Ricardo Henao
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Paolo Guarnieri
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc, Ridgefield, Connecticut
| | - Steven S Pullen
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc, Ridgefield, Connecticut
| | - Simon Gregory
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Joseph Locker
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - J Mark Brown
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Anna Mae Diehl
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Hess S, Kendall TJ, Pena M, Yamane K, Soong D, Adams L, Truman R, Rambukkana A. In vivo partial reprogramming by bacteria promotes adult liver organ growth without fibrosis and tumorigenesis. Cell Rep Med 2022; 3:100820. [PMID: 36384103 PMCID: PMC9729881 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ideal therapies for regenerative medicine or healthy aging require healthy organ growth and rejuvenation, but no organ-level approach is currently available. Using Mycobacterium leprae (ML) with natural partial cellular reprogramming capacity and its animal host nine-banded armadillos, we present an evolutionarily refined model of adult liver growth and regeneration. In infected armadillos, ML reprogram the entire liver and significantly increase total liver/body weight ratio by increasing healthy liver lobules, including hepatocyte proliferation and proportionate expansion of vasculature, and biliary systems. ML-infected livers are microarchitecturally and functionally normal without damage, fibrosis, or tumorigenesis. Bacteria-induced reprogramming reactivates liver progenitor/developmental/fetal genes and upregulates growth-, metabolism-, and anti-aging-associated markers with minimal change in senescence and tumorigenic genes, suggesting bacterial hijacking of homeostatic, regeneration pathways to promote de novo organogenesis. This may facilitate the unraveling of endogenous pathways that effectively and safely re-engage liver organ growth, with broad therapeutic implications including organ regeneration and rejuvenation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Hess
- Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Timothy J Kendall
- Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Edinburgh Pathology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Maria Pena
- US Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Healthcare Systems Bureau, National Hansen's Disease Program, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Keitaro Yamane
- Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Daniel Soong
- Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Linda Adams
- US Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Healthcare Systems Bureau, National Hansen's Disease Program, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Richard Truman
- US Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Healthcare Systems Bureau, National Hansen's Disease Program, Baton Rouge, LA, USA; Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Anura Rambukkana
- Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Edinburgh Infectious Diseases, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Hu S, Liu S, Bian Y, Poddar M, Singh S, Cao C, McGaughey J, Bell A, Blazer LL, Adams JJ, Sidhu SS, Angers S, Monga SP. Single-cell spatial transcriptomics reveals a dynamic control of metabolic zonation and liver regeneration by endothelial cell Wnt2 and Wnt9b. Cell Rep Med 2022; 3:100754. [PMID: 36220068 PMCID: PMC9588996 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The conclusive identity of Wnts regulating liver zonation (LZ) and regeneration (LR) remains unclear despite an undisputed role of β-catenin. Using single-cell analysis, we identified a conserved Wnt2 and Wnt9b expression in endothelial cells (ECs) in zone 3. EC-elimination of Wnt2 and Wnt9b led to both loss of β-catenin targets in zone 3, and re-appearance of zone 1 genes in zone 3, unraveling dynamicity in the LZ process. Impaired LR observed in the knockouts phenocopied models of defective hepatic Wnt signaling. Administration of a tetravalent antibody to activate Wnt signaling rescued LZ and LR in the knockouts and induced zone 3 gene expression and LR in controls. Administration of the agonist also promoted LR in acetaminophen overdose acute liver failure (ALF) fulfilling an unmet clinical need. Overall, we report an unequivocal role of EC-Wnt2 and Wnt9b in LZ and LR and show the role of Wnt activators as regenerative therapy for ALF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shikai Hu
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Silvia Liu
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yu Bian
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Minakshi Poddar
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sucha Singh
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Catherine Cao
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jackson McGaughey
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Aaron Bell
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Levi L Blazer
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jarret J Adams
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Stephane Angers
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Satdarshan P Monga
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Paris J, Henderson NC. Liver zonation, revisited. Hepatology 2022; 76:1219-1230. [PMID: 35175659 PMCID: PMC9790419 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The concept of hepatocyte functional zonation is well established, with differences in metabolism and xenobiotic processing determined by multiple factors including oxygen and nutrient levels across the hepatic lobule. However, recent advances in single-cell genomics technologies, including single-cell and nuclei RNA sequencing, and the rapidly evolving fields of spatial transcriptomic and proteomic profiling have greatly increased our understanding of liver zonation. Here we discuss how these transformative experimental strategies are being leveraged to dissect liver zonation at unprecedented resolution and how this new information should facilitate the emergence of novel precision medicine-based therapies for patients with liver disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Paris
- Centre for Inflammation ResearchThe Queen’s Medical Research InstituteEdinburgh BioQuarterUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Neil C. Henderson
- Centre for Inflammation ResearchThe Queen’s Medical Research InstituteEdinburgh BioQuarterUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK,MRC Human Genetics UnitInstitute of Genetics and CancerUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Bai F, Duan J, Yang D, Lai X, Zhu X, He X, Hu A. Integrative network analysis of circular RNAs reveals regulatory mechanisms for hepatic specification of human iPSC-derived endoderm. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:468. [PMID: 36076262 PMCID: PMC9461288 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03160-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived functional hepatic endoderm (HE) is supposed to be an alternative option for replacement therapy for end-stage liver disease. However, the high heterogeneity of HE cell populations is still challenging. Hepatic specification of definitive endoderm (DE) is an essential stage for HE induction in vitro. Recent studies have suggested that circular RNAs (circRNAs) determine the fate of stem cells by acting as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs). To date, the relationships between endogenous circRNAs and hepatic specification remain elusive. METHODS The identities of DE and HE derived from hiPSCs were determined by qPCR, cell immunofluorescence, and ELISA. Differentially expressed circRNAs (DEcircRNAs) were analysed using the Arraystar Human circRNA Array. qPCR was performed to validate the candidate DEcircRNAs. Intersecting differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of the GSE128060 and GSE66282 data sets and the DEcircRNA-predicted mRNAs were imported into Cytoscape for ceRNA networks. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were involved in the enrichment analysis. Hepatic markers and Wnt/β-catenin were detected in hsa_circ_004658-overexpressing cells by western blotting. Dual-luciferase reporter assays were used to evaluate the direct binding among hsa_circ_004658, miRNA-1200 and CDX2. DE cells were transfected with miR-1200 mimics, adenovirus containing CDX2, and Wnt/β-catenin was detected by western blotting. RESULTS hiPSC-derived DE and HE were obtained at 4 and 9 days after differentiation, as determined by hepatic markers. During hepatic specification, 626 upregulated and 208 downregulated DEcircRNAs were identified. Nine candidate DEcircRNAs were validated by qPCR. In the ceRNA networks, 111 circRNA-miRNA-mRNA pairs were involved, including 90 pairs associated with hsa_circ_004658. In addition, 53 DEGs were identified among the intersecting mRNAs of the GSE128060 and GSE66282 data sets and the hsa_circ_004658-targeted mRNAs. KEGG and GO analyses showed that the DEGs associated with hsa_circ_004658 were mainly enriched in the WNT signalling pathway. Furthermore, hsa_circ_004658 was preliminarily verified to promote hepatic specification, as determined by hepatic markers (AFP, ALB, HNF4A, and CK19) (p < 0.05). This promotive effect may be related to the inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway (detected by β-catenin, p-β-catenin, and TCF4) when hsa_circ_004658 was overexpressed (p < 0.05). Dual-luciferase reporter assays showed that there were binding sites for miR-1200 in the hsa_circ_004658 sequence, and confirmed the candidate DEG (CDX2) as a miR-1200 target. The level of miR-1200 decreased and the level of CDX2 protein expression increased when hsa_circ_004658 was overexpressed (p < 0.05). In addition, the results showed that CDX2 may suppress the Wnt/β-catenin signalling during hepatic specification (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study analysed the profiles of circRNAs during hepatic specification. We identified the hsa_circ_004658/miR-1200/CDX2 axis and preliminarily verified its effect on the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway during hepatic specification. These results provide novel insight into the molecular mechanisms involved in hepatic specification and could improve liver development in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Bai
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation and Transplant Immunology, Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinliang Duan
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation and Transplant Immunology, Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Daopeng Yang
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation and Transplant Immunology, Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xingqiang Lai
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation and Transplant Immunology, Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoshun He
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation and Transplant Immunology, Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Anbin Hu
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation and Transplant Immunology, Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. .,Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Annunziato S, Sun T, Tchorz JS. The RSPO-LGR4/5-ZNRF3/RNF43 module in liver homeostasis, regeneration, and disease. Hepatology 2022; 76:888-899. [PMID: 35006616 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
WNT/β-catenin signaling plays pivotal roles during liver development, homeostasis, and regeneration. Likewise, its deregulation disturbs metabolic liver zonation and is responsible for the development of a large number of hepatic tumors. Liver fibrosis, which has become a major health burden for society and a hallmark of NASH, can also be promoted by WNT/β-catenin signaling. Upstream regulatory mechanisms controlling hepatic WNT/β-catenin activity may constitute targets for the development of novel therapies addressing these life-threatening conditions. The R-spondin (RSPO)-leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor (LGR) 4/5-zinc and ring finger (ZNRF) 3/ring finger 43 (RNF43) module is fine-tuning WNT/β-catenin signaling in several tissues and is essential for hepatic WNT/β-catenin activity. In this review article, we recapitulate the role of the RSPO-LGR4/5-ZNRF3/RNF43 module during liver development, homeostasis, metabolic zonation, regeneration, and disease. We further discuss the controversy around LGR5 as a liver stem cell marker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Annunziato
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tianliang Sun
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jan S Tchorz
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Yang L, Yue W, Zhang H, Gao Y, Yang L, Li L. The role of roof plate-specific spondins in liver homeostasis and disease. LIVER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livres.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
|
47
|
Zhang Z, Chai R. Hear the sounds: The role of G Protein-Coupled Receptors in the cochlea. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C1088-C1099. [PMID: 35938679 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00453.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Sound is converted by hair cells in the cochlea into electrical signals, which are transmitted by spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) and heard by the auditory cortex. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are crucial receptors that regulate a wide range of physiological functions in different organ and tissues. The research of GPCRs in the cochlea is essential for the understanding of the cochlea development, hearing disorders, and the treatment for hearing loss. Recently, several GPCRs have been found to play important roles in the cochlea. Frizzleds and Lgrs are dominant GPCRs that regulate stem cell self-renew abilities. Moreover, Frizzleds and Celsrs have been demonstrated to play core roles in the modulation of cochlear planar cell polarity (PCP). In addition, hearing loss can be caused by mutations of certain GPCRs, such as Vlgr1, Gpr156, S1P2 and Gpr126. And A1, A2A and CB2 activation by agonists have protective functions on noise- or drug-induced hearing loss. Here, we review the key findings of GPCR in the cochlea, and discuss the role of GPCR in the cochlea, such as stem cell fate, PCP, hearing loss, and hearing protection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Wnt signaling regulates hepatocyte cell division by a transcriptional repressor cascade. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2203849119. [PMID: 35867815 PMCID: PMC9335208 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2203849119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
As a general model for cell cycle control, repressors keep cells quiescent until growth signals remove the inhibition. For S phase, this is exemplified by the Retinoblastoma (RB) protein and its inactivation. It was unknown whether similar mechanisms operate in the M phase. The Wnt signaling pathway is an important regulator of cell proliferation. Here, we find that Wnt induces expression of the transcription factor Tbx3, which in turn represses mitotic inhibitors E2f7 and E2f8 to permit mitotic progression. Such a cascade of transcriptional repressors may be a general mechanism for cell division control. These findings have implications for tissue homeostasis and disease, as the function for Wnt signaling in mitosis is relevant to its widespread role in stem cells and cancer. Cell proliferation is tightly controlled by inhibitors that block cell cycle progression until growth signals relieve this inhibition, allowing cells to divide. In several tissues, including the liver, cell proliferation is inhibited at mitosis by the transcriptional repressors E2F7 and E2F8, leading to formation of polyploid cells. Whether growth factors promote mitosis and cell cycle progression by relieving the E2F7/E2F8-mediated inhibition is unknown. We report here on a mechanism of cell division control in the postnatal liver, in which Wnt/β-catenin signaling maintains active hepatocyte cell division through Tbx3, a Wnt target gene. The TBX3 protein directly represses transcription of E2f7 and E2f8, thereby promoting mitosis. This cascade of sequential transcriptional repressors, initiated by Wnt signals, provides a paradigm for exploring how commonly active developmental signals impact cell cycle completion.
Collapse
|
49
|
Wizenty J, Müllerke S, Kolesnichenko M, Heuberger J, Lin M, Fischer AS, Mollenkopf HJ, Berger H, Tacke F, Sigal M. Gastric stem cells promote inflammation and gland remodeling in response to Helicobacter pylori via Rspo3-Lgr4 axis. EMBO J 2022; 41:e109996. [PMID: 35767364 PMCID: PMC9251867 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021109996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a pathogen that colonizes the stomach and causes chronic gastritis. Helicobacter pylori can colonize deep inside gastric glands, triggering increased R‐spondin 3 (Rspo3) signaling. This causes an expansion of the “gland base module,” which consists of self‐renewing stem cells and antimicrobial secretory cells and results in gland hyperplasia. The contribution of Rspo3 receptors Lgr4 and Lgr5 is not well explored. Here, we identified that Lgr4 regulates Lgr5 expression and is required for H. pylori‐induced hyperplasia and inflammation, while Lgr5 alone is not. Using conditional knockout mice, we reveal that R‐spondin signaling via Lgr4 drives proliferation of stem cells and also induces NF‐κB activity in the proliferative stem cells. Upon exposure to H. pylori, the Lgr4‐driven NF‐κB activation is responsible for the expansion of the gland base module and simultaneously enables chemokine expression in stem cells, resulting in gland hyperplasia and neutrophil recruitment. This demonstrates a connection between R‐spondin‐Lgr and NF‐κB signaling that links epithelial stem cell behavior and inflammatory responses to gland‐invading H. pylori.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Wizenty
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical Department, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefanie Müllerke
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical Department, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Marina Kolesnichenko
- Division of Gastroenterology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Medical Department, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julian Heuberger
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical Department, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Manqiang Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical Department, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne-Sophie Fischer
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical Department, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Mollenkopf
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hilmar Berger
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical Department, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frank Tacke
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical Department, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Sigal
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical Department, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Spruill ML, Maletic-Savatic M, Martin H, Li F, Liu X. Spatial analysis of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and toxicology using mass spectrometry imaging. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 201:115080. [PMID: 35561842 PMCID: PMC9744413 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is emerging as a powerful analytical tool for detection, quantification, and simultaneous spatial molecular imaging of endogenous and exogenous molecules via in situ mass spectrometry analysis of thin tissue sections without the requirement of chemical labeling. The MSI generates chemically specific and spatially resolved ion distribution information for administered drugs and metabolites, which allows numerous applications for studies involving various stages of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET). MSI-based pharmacokinetic imaging analysis provides a histological context and cellular environment regarding dynamic drug distribution and metabolism processes, and facilitates the understanding of the spatial pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic properties of drugs. Herein, we discuss the MSI's current technological developments that offer qualitative, quantitative, and spatial location information of small molecule drugs, antibody, and oligonucleotides macromolecule drugs, and their metabolites in preclinical and clinical tissue specimens. We highlight the macro and micro drug-distribution in the whole-body, brain, lung, liver, kidney, stomach, intestine tissue sections, organoids, and the latest applications of MSI in pharmaceutical ADMET studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L Spruill
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Mirjana Maletic-Savatic
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Feng Li
- Center for Drug Discovery and Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; NMR and Drug Metabolism Core, Advanced Technology Cores, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Xinli Liu
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA.
| |
Collapse
|