1
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Zhang J. Non-coding RNAs and angiogenesis in cardiovascular diseases: a comprehensive review. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-023-04919-5. [PMID: 38306012 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04919-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have key roles in the etiology of many illnesses, including heart failure, myocardial infarction, stroke, and in physiological processes like angiogenesis. In transcriptional regulatory circuits that control heart growth, signaling, and stress response, as well as remodeling in cardiac disease, ncRNAs have become important players. Studies on ncRNAs and cardiovascular disease have made great progress recently. Here, we go through the functions of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) like circular RNAs (circRNAs), and microRNAs (miRNAs) as well as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in modulating cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Medical School, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
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2
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Kim MY, Jo MS, Choi SG, Moon HW, Park J, Lee JY. Repeated Injections of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Ameliorate Erectile Dysfunction in a Cavernous Nerve Injury Rat Model. World J Mens Health 2024; 42:42.e19. [PMID: 38311373 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.230218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the therapeutic effect of repeated injections of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes on the erectile dysfunction (ED) of bilateral cavernous nerve injury (BCNI) rat model and to identify potential target genes of these injections. MATERIALS AND METHODS MSC-derived exosomes were isolated using an aqueous two-phase system. Rats were randomly assigned into four groups: Normal, BCNI, exosome once, and exosome-repeat groups. After four weeks, we measured the intracavernosal pressure (ICP)/mean arterial pressure (MAP) ratio to evaluate erectile function and examined cavernous nerve tissues for histological and molecular analyses. RNA sequencing in penile tissues was used to determine differentially expressed genes and was verified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were used for in vitro studies to analyze biological roles. RESULTS The ICP/MAP ratios in the exosome-once and exosome-repeat groups were significantly increased compared to those in the BCNI group. Interestingly, the ICP/MAP ratio showed a greater increase in the exosome-repeat group, which also showed significantly increased smooth muscle/collagen ratio, α-smooth muscle actin and neuronal nitric oxide synthase expression, and cyclic guanosine monophosphate level compared to the BCNI and exosome-once groups. Three genes were significantly differentially expressed in the exosome group, among which Ras homolog family member B promoted cell proliferation and angiogenesis of HUVECs. CONCLUSIONS Repeated injections of MSC-derived exosomes can be effective in the treatment of rat models with ED induced by cavernous nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mee Young Kim
- Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Catholic Prostate Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Soo Jo
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Geum Choi
- Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Catholic Prostate Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyong Woo Moon
- Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Catholic Prostate Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jaesung Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea
| | - Ji Youl Lee
- Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Catholic Prostate Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
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3
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Zhang Y, Li D, Liu Y, Peng L, Lu D, Wang P, Ke D, Yang H, Zhu X, Ruan C. 3D-bioprinted anisotropic bicellular living hydrogels boost osteochondral regeneration via reconstruction of cartilage-bone interface. Innovation (N Y) 2024; 5:100542. [PMID: 38144040 PMCID: PMC10746383 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2023.100542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Reconstruction of osteochondral (OC) defects represents an immense challenge due to the need for synchronous regeneration of special stratified tissues. The revolutionary innovation of bioprinting provides a robust method for precise fabrication of tissue-engineered OCs with hierarchical structure; however, their spatial living cues for simultaneous fulfilment of osteogenesis and chondrogenesis to reconstruct the cartilage-bone interface of OC are underappreciated. Here, inspired by natural OC bilayer features, anisotropic bicellular living hydrogels (ABLHs) simultaneously embedding articular cartilage progenitor cells (ACPCs) and bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in stratified layers were precisely fabricated via two-channel extrusion bioprinting. The optimum formulation of the 7% GelMA/3% AlgMA hydrogel bioink was demonstrated, with excellent printability at room temperature and maintained high cell viability. Moreover, the chondrogenic ability of ACPCs and the osteogenic ability of BMSCs were demonstrated in vitro, confirming the inherent differential spatial regulation of ABLHs. In addition, ABLHs exhibited satisfactory synchronous regeneration of cartilage and subchondral bone in vivo. Compared with homogeneous hydrogels, the neo-cartilage and neo-bone in ABLHs were augmented by 23.5% and 20.8%, respectively, and more important, a more harmonious cartilage-bone interface was achieved by ABLHs due to their well-tuned cartilage-bone-vessel crosstalk. We anticipate that such a strategy of tissue-mimetic ABLH by means of bioprinting is capable of spatiotemporal cell-driven regeneration, offering insights into the fabrication of anisotropic living materials for the reconstruction of complex organ defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijian Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Duo Li
- Research Center for Human Tissue and Organ Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Liuqi Peng
- Research Center for Human Tissue and Organ Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Dongdong Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Pinpin Wang
- Research Center for Human Tissue and Organ Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Dongxu Ke
- Novaprint Therapeutics Suzhou Co., Ltd., Room 605, B1 Building, BioBay, No.218 Xinghu Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Xuesong Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Changshun Ruan
- Research Center for Human Tissue and Organ Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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4
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Velliou RI, Legaki AI, Nikolakopoulou P, Vlachogiannis NI, Chatzigeorgiou A. Liver endothelial cells in NAFLD and transition to NASH and HCC. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:314. [PMID: 37798474 PMCID: PMC11072568 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04966-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered as the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, which is characterised by obesity, insulin resistance, hypercholesterolemia and hypertension. NAFLD is the most frequent liver disease worldwide and more than 10% of NAFLD patients progress to the inflammatory and fibrotic stage of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which can lead to end-stage liver disease including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most frequent primary malignant liver tumor. Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC) are strategically positioned at the interface between blood and hepatic parenchyma. LSECs are highly specialized cells, characterised by the presence of transcellular pores, called fenestrae, and exhibit anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic characteristics under physiological conditions. However, during NAFLD development they undergo capillarisation and acquire a phenotype similar to vascular endothelial cells, actively promoting all pathophysiological aspects of NAFLD, including steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. LSEC dysfunction is critical for the progression to NASH and HCC while restoring LSEC homeostasis appears to be a promising approach to prevent NAFLD progression and its complications and even reverse tissue damage. In this review we present current information on the role of LSEC throughout the progressive phases of NAFLD, summarising in vitro and in vivo experimental evidence and data from human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rallia-Iliana Velliou
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str., 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Aigli-Ioanna Legaki
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str., 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Polyxeni Nikolakopoulou
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str., 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos I Vlachogiannis
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str., 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonios Chatzigeorgiou
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str., 11527, Athens, Greece.
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus of TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
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5
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Lu H, Zhang S, Jiang Z, Zeng P. Leveraging trans-ethnic genetic risk scores to improve association power for complex traits in underrepresented populations. Brief Bioinform 2023:bbad232. [PMID: 37332016 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbad232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Trans-ethnic genome-wide association studies have revealed that many loci identified in European populations can be reproducible in non-European populations, indicating widespread trans-ethnic genetic similarity. However, how to leverage such shared information more efficiently in association analysis is less investigated for traits in underrepresented populations. We here propose a statistical framework, trans-ethnic genetic risk score informed gene-based association mixed model (GAMM), by hierarchically modeling single-nucleotide polymorphism effects in the target population as a function of effects of the same trait in well-studied populations. GAMM powerfully integrates genetic similarity across distinct ancestral groups to enhance power in understudied populations, as confirmed by extensive simulations. We illustrate the usefulness of GAMM via the application to 13 blood cell traits (i.e. basophil count, eosinophil count, hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, lymphocyte count, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular volume, monocyte count, neutrophil count, platelet count, red blood cell count and total white blood cell count) in Africans of the UK Biobank (n = 3204) while utilizing genetic overlap shared in Europeans (n = 746 667) and East Asians (n = 162 255). We discovered multiple new associated genes, which had otherwise been missed by existing methods, and revealed that the trans-ethnic information indirectly contributed much to the phenotypic variance. Overall, GAMM represents a flexible and powerful statistical framework of association analysis for complex traits in underrepresented populations by integrating trans-ethnic genetic similarity across well-studied populations, and helps attenuate health inequities in current genetics research for people of minority populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojie Lu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Zhou Jiang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Ping Zeng
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
- Center for Medical Statistics and Data Analysis, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
- Engineering Research Innovation Center of Biological Data Mining and Healthcare Transformation, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
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Zaoui K, Duhamel S. RhoB as a tumor suppressor: It’s all about localization. Eur J Cell Biol 2023; 102:151313. [PMID: 36996579 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2023.151313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The small GTPase RhoB is distinguished from other Rho proteins by its unique subcellular localization in endosomes, multivesicular bodies, and nucleus. Despite high sequence homology with RhoA and RhoC, RhoB is mainly associated with tumor suppressive function, while RhoA and RhoC support oncogenic transformation in most malignancies. RhoB regulates the endocytic trafficking of signaling molecules and cytoskeleton remodeling, thereby controlling growth, apoptosis, stress response, immune function, and cell motility in various contexts. Some of these functions may be ascribed to RhoB's unique subcellular localization to endocytic compartments. Here we describe the pleiotropic roles of RhoB in cancer suppression in the context of its subcellular localization, and we discuss possible therapeutic avenues to pursue and highlight priorities for future research.
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7
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Parab S, Setten E, Astanina E, Bussolino F, Doronzo G. The tissue-specific transcriptional landscape underlines the involvement of endothelial cells in health and disease. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 246:108418. [PMID: 37088448 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) that line vascular and lymphatic vessels are being increasingly recognized as important to organ function in health and disease. ECs participate not only in the trafficking of gases, metabolites, and cells between the bloodstream and tissues but also in the angiocrine-based induction of heterogeneous parenchymal cells, which are unique to their specific tissue functions. The molecular mechanisms regulating EC heterogeneity between and within different tissues are modeled during embryogenesis and become fully established in adults. Any changes in adult tissue homeostasis induced by aging, stress conditions, and various noxae may reshape EC heterogeneity and induce specific transcriptional features that condition a functional phenotype. Heterogeneity is sustained via specific genetic programs organized through the combinatory effects of a discrete number of transcription factors (TFs) that, at the single tissue-level, constitute dynamic networks that are post-transcriptionally and epigenetically regulated. This review is focused on outlining the TF-based networks involved in EC specialization and physiological and pathological stressors thought to modify their architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushant Parab
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, IT, Italy; Candiolo Cancer Institute-IRCCS-FPO, Candiolo, Torino, IT, Italy
| | - Elisa Setten
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, IT, Italy; Candiolo Cancer Institute-IRCCS-FPO, Candiolo, Torino, IT, Italy
| | - Elena Astanina
- Candiolo Cancer Institute-IRCCS-FPO, Candiolo, Torino, IT, Italy
| | - Federico Bussolino
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, IT, Italy; Candiolo Cancer Institute-IRCCS-FPO, Candiolo, Torino, IT, Italy.
| | - Gabriella Doronzo
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, IT, Italy; Candiolo Cancer Institute-IRCCS-FPO, Candiolo, Torino, IT, Italy
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8
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Lin HH, Kuo MW, Fan TC, Yu AL, Yu J. YULINK regulates vascular formation in zebrafish and HUVECs. Biol Res 2023; 56:7. [PMID: 36843032 PMCID: PMC9969694 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-023-00415-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The distinct arterial and venous cell fates are dictated by a combination of various genetic factors which form diverse types of blood vessels such as arteries, veins, and capillaries. We report here that YULINK protein is involved in vasculogenesis, especially venous formation. METHODS In this manuscript, we employed gene knockdown, yeast two-hybrid, FLIM-FRET, immunoprecipitation, and various imaging technologies to investigate the role of YULINK gene in zebrafish and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). RESULTS Knockdown of YULINK during the arterial-venous developmental stage of zebrafish embryos led to the defective venous formation and abnormal vascular plexus formation. Knockdown of YULINK in HUVECs impaired their ability to undergo cell migration and differentiation into a capillary-like tube formation. In addition, the phosphorylated EPHB4 was decreased in YULINK knockdown HUVECs. Yeast two-hybrid, FLIM-FRET, immunoprecipitation, as well as imaging technologies showed that YULINK colocalized with endosome related proteins (EPS15, RAB33B or TICAM2) and markers (Clathrin and RHOB). VEGF-induced VEGFR2 internalization was also compromised in YULINK knockdown HUVECs, demonstrating to the involvement of YULINK. CONCLUSION This study suggests that YULINK regulates vasculogenesis, possibly through endocytosis in zebrafish and HUVECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Hung Lin
- grid.28665.3f0000 0001 2287 1366Chemical Biology and Molecular Biophysics Program, International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan ,grid.454210.60000 0004 1756 1461Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, 333 Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Wei Kuo
- grid.454210.60000 0004 1756 1461Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, 333 Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tan-Chi Fan
- grid.454210.60000 0004 1756 1461Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, 333 Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Alice L. Yu
- grid.454210.60000 0004 1756 1461Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, 333 Taoyuan, Taiwan ,grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - John Yu
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, 333, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
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VEZF1, destabilized by STUB1, affects cellular growth and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma by transcriptionally regulating PAQR4. Cancer Gene Ther 2023; 30:256-266. [PMID: 36241701 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-022-00540-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive solid malignancy, and recurrence and metastasis are major incentives contributing to its poor outcome. Vascular endothelial zinc finger 1 (VEZF1) has been recognized as an oncoprotein in certain types of cancer, but the expression pattern and regulatory mechanism in HCC remains unclear. This study focused on the functional effect and regulatory basis of VEZF1 in HCC. Microarray analysis identified the differentially expressed VEZF1 in HCC, and we validated its raised expression in HCC clinical samples. Artificial modulation of VEZF1 (knockdown and overexpression) was conducted to explore its role in HCC progression both in vitro and in vivo. It was shown that silencing of VEZF1 suppressed, whereas its overexpression promoted HCC cellular proliferation and metastasis abilities. Mechanistically, VEZF1 transcriptionally activated progestin and adipoQ receptor 4 (PAQR4) to accelerate HCC progression. Furthermore, VEZF1 is confirmed as a substrate of stress-inducible phosphoprotein 1 homology and U-box containing protein 1 (STUB1), and its stability is impacted by STUB1-mediated ubiquitination degradation. Conjointly, our work suggested that VEZF1, destabilized by STUB1, participates in HCC progression by regulating PAQR4. The STUB1/VEZF1/PAQR4 mechanism might provide novel insights on guiding early diagnosis and therapy in HCC patients.
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10
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Li J, Wang G, Xv X, Li Z, Shen Y, Zhang C, Zhang X. Identification of immune-associated genes in diagnosing osteoarthritis with metabolic syndrome by integrated bioinformatics analysis and machine learning. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1134412. [PMID: 37138862 PMCID: PMC10150333 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1134412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA) and metabolic syndrome (MetS), the immune system plays a particularly important role. The purpose of this study was to find key diagnostic candidate genes in OA patients who also had metabolic syndrome. Methods We searched the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database for three OA and one MetS dataset. Limma, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and machine learning algorithms were used to identify and analyze the immune genes associated with OA and MetS. They were evaluated using nomograms and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and finally, immune cells dysregulated in OA were investigated using immune infiltration analysis. Results After Limma analysis, the integrated OA dataset yielded 2263 DEGs, and the MetS dataset yielded the most relevant module containing 691 genes after WGCNA, with a total of 82 intersections between the two. The immune-related genes were mostly enriched in the enrichment analysis, and the immune infiltration analysis revealed an imbalance in multiple immune cells. Further machine learning screening yielded eight core genes that were evaluated by nomogram and diagnostic value and found to have a high diagnostic value (area under the curve from 0.82 to 0.96). Conclusion Eight immune-related core genes were identified (FZD7, IRAK3, KDELR3, PHC2, RHOB, RNF170, SOX13, and ZKSCAN4), and a nomogram for the diagnosis of OA and MetS was established. This research could lead to the identification of potential peripheral blood diagnostic candidate genes for MetS patients who also suffer from OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchen Li
- The Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Genghong Wang
- The Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xilin Xv
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- Teaching and Research Section of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Zhigang Li
- The Second Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yiwei Shen
- The Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- The Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhang
- Teaching and Research Section of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- The Bone Injury Teaching Laboratory, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaofeng Zhang,
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11
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Yadunandanan Nair N, Samuel V, Ramesh L, Marib A, David DT, Sundararaman A. Actin cytoskeleton in angiogenesis. Biol Open 2022; 11:bio058899. [PMID: 36444960 PMCID: PMC9729668 DOI: 10.1242/bio.058899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Actin, one of the most abundant intracellular proteins in mammalian cells, is a critical regulator of cell shape and polarity, migration, cell division, and transcriptional response. Angiogenesis, or the formation of new blood vessels in the body is a well-coordinated multi-step process. Endothelial cells lining the blood vessels acquire several new properties such as front-rear polarity, invasiveness, rapid proliferation and motility during angiogenesis. This is achieved by changes in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. Actin remodelling underlies the switch between the quiescent and angiogenic state of the endothelium. Actin forms endothelium-specific structures that support uniquely endothelial functions. Actin regulators at endothelial cell-cell junctions maintain the integrity of the blood-tissue barrier while permitting trans-endothelial leukocyte migration. This review focuses on endothelial actin structures and less-recognised actin-mediated endothelial functions. Readers are referred to other recent reviews for the well-recognised roles of actin in endothelial motility, barrier functions and leukocyte transmigration. Actin generates forces that are transmitted to the extracellular matrix resulting in vascular matrix remodelling. In this review, we attempt to synthesize our current understanding of the roles of actin in vascular morphogenesis. We speculate on the vascular bed specific differences in endothelial actin regulation and its role in the vast heterogeneity in endothelial morphology and function across the various tissues of our body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Yadunandanan Nair
- Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India695014
| | - Victor Samuel
- Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India695014
| | - Lariza Ramesh
- Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India695014
| | - Areeba Marib
- Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India695014
| | - Deena T. David
- Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India695014
| | - Ananthalakshmy Sundararaman
- Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India695014
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12
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A current overview of RhoA, RhoB, and RhoC functions in vascular biology and pathology. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 206:115321. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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13
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Perales G, Westenskow M, Gutierrez R, Caldwell KK, Allan AM, Gardiner AS. MicroRNA-150-5p is upregulated in the brain microvasculature during prenatal alcohol exposure and inhibits the angiogenic factor Vezf1. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2022; 46:1953-1966. [PMID: 36109176 PMCID: PMC9722592 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) occur in children who were exposed to alcohol in utero and are manifested in a wide range of neurocognitive deficits. These deficits could be caused by alterations to the cortical microvasculature that are controlled by post-transcriptional regulators such as microRNAs. METHODS Using an established mouse model of moderate prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE), we isolated cortices (CTX) and brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVECs) at embryonic day 18 (E18) and examined the expression of miR-150-5p and potential downstream targets. Cellular transfections and intrauterine injections with LNA™ mimics or inhibitors were used to test miR-150-5p regulation of novel target vascular endothelial zinc finger 1 (Vezf1). Dual-luciferase assays were used to assess the direct binding of miR-150-5p to the Vezf1 3'UTR. The effects of miR-150-5p and Vezf1 on endothelial cell function were determined by in vitro migration and tube formation assays. RESULTS We found that miR-150-5p was upregulated and Vezf1 was downregulated during PAE in the E18 CTX and BMVECs. Transfection with miR-150-5p mimics resulted in decreased Vezf1 expression in BMVECs, while miR-150-5p inhibition did the opposite. Dual-luciferase assays revealed direct binding of miR-150-5p with the Vezf1 3'UTR. Intrauterine injections showed that miR-150-5p regulates the expression of Vezf1 in vivo during PAE. miR-150-5p overexpression decreased BMVEC migration and tube formation, while miR-150-5p inhibition enhanced migration and tube formation. Vezf1 overexpression rescued the effects of the miR-150-5p mimic. Alcohol treatment of BMVECs increased miR-150-5p expression and inhibited migration and tube formation. Finally, miR-150-5p inhibition and Vezf1 overexpression rescued the negative effects of alcohol on migration and tube formation. CONCLUSIONS miR-150-5p regulation of Vezf1 results in altered endothelial cell function during alcohol exposure. Further, miR-150-5p inhibition of Vezf1 may adversely alter the development of the cortical microvasculature during PAE and contribute to deficits seen in patients with FASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Perales
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Marissa Westenskow
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Roxana Gutierrez
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Kevin K. Caldwell
- Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Andrea M. Allan
- Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Amy S. Gardiner
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
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Hauke M, Eckenstaler R, Ripperger A, Ender A, Braun H, Benndorf RA. Active RhoA Exerts an Inhibitory Effect on the Homeostasis and Angiogenic Capacity of Human Endothelial Cells. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e025119. [PMID: 35699166 PMCID: PMC9238636 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.025119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background The small GTPase RhoA (Ras homolog gene family, member A) regulates a variety of cellular processes, including cell motility, proliferation, survival, and permeability. In addition, there are reports indicating that RhoA‐ROCK (rho associated coiled‐coil containing protein kinase) activation is essential for VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor)‐mediated angiogenesis, whereas other work suggests VEGF‐antagonistic effects of the RhoA‐ROCK axis. Methods and Results To elucidate this issue, we examined human umbilical vein endothelial cells and human coronary artery endothelial cells after stable overexpression (lentiviral transduction) of constitutively active (G14V/Q63L), dominant‐negative (T19N), or wild‐type RhoA using a series of in vitro angiogenesis assays (proliferation, migration, tube formation, angiogenic sprouting, endothelial cell viability) and a human umbilical vein endothelial cells xenograft assay in immune‐incompetent NOD scid gamma mice in vivo. Here, we report that expression of active and wild‐type RhoA but not dominant‐negative RhoA significantly inhibited endothelial cell proliferation, migration, tube formation, and angiogenic sprouting in vitro. Moreover, active RhoA increased endothelial cell death in vitro and decreased human umbilical vein endothelial cell‐related angiogenesis in vivo. Inhibition of RhoA by C3 transferase antagonized the inhibitory effects of RhoA and strongly enhanced VEGF‐induced angiogenic sprouting in control‐treated cells. In contrast, inhibition of RhoA effectors ROCK1/2 and LIMK1/2 (LIM domain kinase 1/2) did not significantly affect RhoA‐related effects, but increased angiogenic sprouting and migration of control‐treated cells. In agreement with these data, VEGF did not activate RhoA in human umbilical vein endothelial cells as measured by a Förster resonance energy transfer–based biosensor. Furthermore, global transcriptome and subsequent bioinformatic gene ontology enrichment analyses revealed that constitutively active RhoA induced a differentially expressed gene pattern that was enriched for gene ontology biological process terms associated with mitotic nuclear division, cell proliferation, cell motility, and cell adhesion, which included a significant decrease in VEGFR‐2 (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2) and NOS3 (nitric oxide synthase 3) expression. Conclusions Our data demonstrate that increased RhoA activity has the potential to trigger endothelial dysfunction and antiangiogenic effects independently of its well‐characterized downstream effectors ROCK and LIMK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hauke
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and PharmacotherapyInstitute of PharmacyMartin‐Luther‐University Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
| | - Robert Eckenstaler
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and PharmacotherapyInstitute of PharmacyMartin‐Luther‐University Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
| | - Anne Ripperger
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and PharmacotherapyInstitute of PharmacyMartin‐Luther‐University Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
| | - Anna Ender
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and PharmacotherapyInstitute of PharmacyMartin‐Luther‐University Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
| | - Heike Braun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and PharmacotherapyInstitute of PharmacyMartin‐Luther‐University Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
| | - Ralf A. Benndorf
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and PharmacotherapyInstitute of PharmacyMartin‐Luther‐University Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
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15
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Li J, Wang J, Wang Z. Circ_0006768 upregulation attenuates oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-induced human brain microvascular endothelial cell injuries by upregulating VEZF1 via miR-222-3p inhibition. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:2521-2534. [PMID: 34146216 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00775-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been widely implicated in multiple diseases, including ischemic stroke. This study aimed to explore the function and functional mechanism of circ_0006768 in oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)-induced brain injury models of ischemic stroke. Human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) were induced by OGD/R to mimic ischemic stroke models in vitro. The expression of circ_0006768, microRNA-222-3p (miR-222-3p) and vascular endothelial zinc finger 1 (VEZF1) was detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Cell viability, angiogenesis ability and cell migration were assessed by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, tube formation assay and wound healing assay, respectively. The releases of pro-inflammatory factors were determined by commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. The protein levels of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), N-cadherin and VEZF1 were detected by western blot. The putative relationship between miR-222-3p and circ_0006768 or VEZF1 was validated by dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA Immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay and pull-down assay. Circ_0006768 was poorly expressed in ischemic stroke plasma and OGD/R-induced HBMECs. OGD/R inhibited cell viability, angiogenesis and cell migration and promoted the releases of pro-inflammatory factors, while circ_0006768 overexpression or miR-222-3p inhibition partially abolished the effects of OGD/R. MiR-222-3p was targeted by circ_0006768, and VEZF1 was a target of miR-222-3p. Circ_0006768 enriched the expression of VEZF1 via mediating miR-222-3p inhibition. Rescue experiments presented that the effects of circ_0006768 overexpression were reversed by miR-222-3p restoration or VEZF1 knockdown. Circ_0006768 overexpression attenuates OGD/R-induced HBMEC injuries by upregulating VEZF1 via miR-222-3p inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Internal Medicine-Neurology, Hengshui People's Hospital, No. 180, Renmin East Road, Hengshui, 053000, China
| | - Jiguang Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine-Neurology, Hengshui People's Hospital, No. 180, Renmin East Road, Hengshui, 053000, China.
| | - Zhi Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine-Neurology, Hengshui People's Hospital, No. 180, Renmin East Road, Hengshui, 053000, China
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16
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Wu H, Luo YX, Hu W, Zhao ML, Bie J, Yang M, Pan R, Huang NX, Feng G, Liu K, Song G. MicroRNA-382-5p inhibits osteosarcoma development and progression by negatively regulating VEZF1 expression. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:752. [PMID: 34539856 PMCID: PMC8436354 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Human osteosarcoma is the most frequent malignant primary bone tumor that mainly occurs in young adults and children. MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are abnormally expressed in human osteosarcoma and contribute to osteosarcoma initiation and development. The present study aimed to investigate the role of miR-382-5p in the nosogenesis of osteosarcoma and to identify a novel target for osteosarcoma treatment. miR-382-5p expression was detected in human osteosarcoma clinical tissues and cell lines, including 143B, U2OS and MG63, via reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analysis. Multiple bioinformatic prediction toowe used to identify the potential target genes of miR-382-5p and vascular endothelial zinc finger 1 (VEZF1), which were validated via the dual-luciferase reporter assay. MG63 and U2OS cells were transfected with miR-382-5p mimics. The Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was performed to assess cell proliferation, while the Transwell assay was performed to assess migration and invasion. Cell colony formation was measured via crystal violet staining, and apoptosis was assessed via Annexin V/propidium iodide staining. The wound healing assay was performed to assess the migratory ability of U2OS and MG63 cells. Antitumor effects of miR-382-5p were evaluated in nude mice xenografts using U2OS cells. The results demonstrated that miR-382-5p expression was markedly downregulated in human osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines compared with adjacent normal tissues. Transfection of miR-382-5p mimics into MG63 and U2OS cells significantly inhibited the malignant behaviors of cells, including decreased proliferation, migration, diminished colony formation and invasion, and promoted osteosarcoma cell apoptosis. Bioinformatics prediction indicated that VEZF1 is a direct target gene of miR-382-5p. Overexpression of VEZF1 restored osteosarcoma tumor development inhibited by miR-382-5p in vivo. In addition, overexpression of miR-382-5p restrained the growth of xenograft osteosarcoma in nude mice following co-transfection, and overexpression of VEZF1 attenuated the inhibitory effect of miR-382-5p in nude mice. miR-382-5p acted as a tumor suppressor gene and inhibited the malignant biological behaviors of human osteosarcoma cells and functions associated with directly targeting VEZF1. Taken together, these results suggest that the miR-382-5p/VEZF1 interaction has an important role in osteosarcoma development and progression, and thus may be used as a diagnostic and therapeutic target for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Institute of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Xi Luo
- The First Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Wen Hu
- School of Medical Imaging, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Mao-Lin Zhao
- School of Medical Imaging, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Jun Bie
- Oncology Department, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Institute of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Mi Yang
- Oncology Department, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Institute of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Rongqiang Pan
- Oncology Department, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Institute of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Nan-Xiang Huang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Institute of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Gang Feng
- Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Institute of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Kang Liu
- Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Institute of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Guiqin Song
- School of Basic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
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Maekawa M, Higashiyama S. KCTD10 Biology: An Adaptor for the Ubiquitin E3 Complex Meets Multiple Substrates: Emerging Divergent Roles of the cullin-3/KCTD10 E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Complex in Various Cell Lines. Bioessays 2020; 42:e1900256. [PMID: 32484264 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201900256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Protein ubiquitination constitutes a post-translational modification mediated by ubiquitin ligases whereby ubiquitinated substrates are degraded through the proteasomal or lysosomal pathways, or acquire novel molecular functions according to their "ubiquitin codes." Dysfunction of the ubiquitination process in cells causes various diseases such as cancers along with neurodegenerative, auto-immune/inflammatory, and metabolic diseases. KCTD10 functions as a substrate recognition receptor for cullin-3 (CUL3), a scaffold protein in RING-type ubiquitin ligase complexes. Recently, studies by ourselves and others have identified new substrates that are ubiquitinated by the CUL3/KCTD10 ubiquitin ligase complex. Moreover, the type of polyubiquitination (e.g., K27-, K48-, or K63-chain) of various substrates (e.g., RhoB, CEP97, EIF3D, and TRIF) mediated by KCTD10 underlies its divergent roles in endothelial barrier formation, primary cilium formation, plasma membrane dynamics, cell proliferation, and immune response. Here, the physiological functions of KCTD10 are summarized and potential mechanisms are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Maekawa
- Division of Cell Growth and Tumor Regulation, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Shigeki Higashiyama
- Division of Cell Growth and Tumor Regulation, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
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18
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Ju JA, Godet I, DiGiacomo JW, Gilkes DM. RhoB is regulated by hypoxia and modulates metastasis in breast cancer. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2020; 3:e1164. [PMID: 32671953 PMCID: PMC7941481 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND RhoB is a Rho family GTPase that is highly homologous to RhoA and RhoC. RhoA and RhoC have been shown to promote tumor progression in many cancer types; however, a distinct role for RhoB in cancer has not been delineated. Additionally, several well-characterized studies have shown that small GTPases such as RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42 are induced in vitro under hypoxia, but whether and how hypoxia regulates RhoB in breast cancer remains elusive. AIMS To determine whether and how hypoxia regulates RhoB expression and to understand the role of RhoB in breast cancer metastasis. METHODS We investigated the effects of hypoxia on the expression and activation of RhoB using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. We also examined the significance of both decreased and increased RhoB expression in breast cancer using CRISPR depletion of RhoB or a vector overexpressing RhoB in 3D in vitro migration models and in an in vivo mouse model. RESULTS We found that hypoxia significantly upregulated RhoB mRNA and protein expression resulting in increased levels of activated RhoB. Both loss of RhoB and gain of RhoB expression led to reduced migration in a 3D collagen matrix and invasion within a multicellular 3D spheroid. We showed that neither the reduction nor overexpression of RhoB affected tumor growth in vivo. While the loss of RhoB had no effect on metastasis, RhoB overexpression led to decreased metastasis to the lungs, liver, and lymph nodes of mice. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that RhoB may have an important role in suppressing breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia A. Ju
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer CenterThe Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Baltimore School of MedicineUniversity of MarylandBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringThe Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Inês Godet
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer CenterThe Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringThe Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Josh W. DiGiacomo
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer CenterThe Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringThe Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Daniele M. Gilkes
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer CenterThe Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringThe Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine ProgramThe Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
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19
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Paavola J, Alakoski T, Ulvila J, Kilpiö T, Sirén J, Perttunen S, Narumanchi S, Wang H, Lin R, Porvari K, Junttila J, Huikuri H, Immonen K, Lakkisto P, Magga J, Tikkanen I, Kerkelä R. Vezf1 regulates cardiac structure and contractile function. EBioMedicine 2020; 51:102608. [PMID: 31911272 PMCID: PMC6948172 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.102608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vascular endothelial zinc finger 1 (Vezf1) is a transcription factor previously shown to regulate vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. We aimed to investigate the role of Vezf1 in the postnatal heart. Methods The role of Vezf1 in regulating cardiac growth and contractile function was studied in zebrafish and in primary cardiomyocytes. Findings We find that expression of Vezf1 is decreased in diseased human myocardium and mouse hearts. Our experimental data shows that knockdown of zebrafish Vezf1 reduces cardiac growth and results in impaired ventricular contractile response to β-adrenergic stimuli. However, Vezf1 knockdown is not associated with dysregulation of cardiomyocyte Ca2+ transient kinetics. Gene ontology enrichment analysis indicates that Vezf1 regulates cardiac muscle contraction and dilated cardiomyopathy related genes and we identify cardiomyocyte Myh7/β-MHC as key target for Vezf1. We further identify a key role for an MCAT binding site in the Myh7 promoter regulating the response to Vezf1 knockdown and show that TEAD-1 is a binding partner of Vezf1. Interpretation We demonstrate a role for Vezf1 in regulation of compensatory cardiac growth and cardiomyocyte contractile function, which may be relevant in human cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jere Paavola
- Unit of Cardiovascular Research, Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tarja Alakoski
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Johanna Ulvila
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Teemu Kilpiö
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juuso Sirén
- Unit of Cardiovascular Research, Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sanni Perttunen
- Unit of Cardiovascular Research, Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Suneeta Narumanchi
- Unit of Cardiovascular Research, Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hong Wang
- Unit of Cardiovascular Research, Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ruizhu Lin
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Katja Porvari
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Forensic Medicine, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juhani Junttila
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Division of Cardiology, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Heikki Huikuri
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Division of Cardiology, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Katariina Immonen
- Unit of Cardiovascular Research, Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Päivi Lakkisto
- Unit of Cardiovascular Research, Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland; Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Magga
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Ilkka Tikkanen
- Unit of Cardiovascular Research, Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland; Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Risto Kerkelä
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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20
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Benini S, Gamberi G, Cocchi S, Righi A, Frisoni T, Longhi A, Gambarotti M. Identification of a novel fusion transcript EWSR1-VEZF1 by anchored multiplex PCR in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 216:152760. [PMID: 31812440 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.152760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study is to describe a novel genetic finding examining the molecular and pathological features of a case of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor occurring in the thigh of a 17-year-old male. Fusion gene detection using a next-generation sequencing-based anchored multiplex PCR technique (Archer FusionPlex Sarcoma Panel) was used to identify the novel fusion of EWSR1-VEZF1 from the frozen tumor sample. EWSR1-VEZF1 fusion is a novel molecular gene rearrangement involving exon 8 of the EWSR1 gene and exon 2 of the VEZF1 gene. Data were validated with gene sequencing and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis. This case report describes a novel rearrangement involving EWSR1 on chromosome 22 and VEZF1 on chromosome 17. The result obtained demonstrates the value of the next-generation sequencing-based anchored multiplex PCR technique (Archer FusionPlex Sarcoma Panel) both in diagnosis and patient care and might become a helpful diagnostic tool for this tumor type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Benini
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Gabriella Gamberi
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefania Cocchi
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Righi
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Tommaso Frisoni
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandra Longhi
- Department of Chemotherapy, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Gambarotti
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
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21
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Bery N, Keller L, Soulié M, Gence R, Iscache AL, Cherier J, Cabantous S, Sordet O, Lajoie-Mazenc I, Pedelacq JD, Favre G, Olichon A. A Targeted Protein Degradation Cell-Based Screening for Nanobodies Selective toward the Cellular RHOB GTP-Bound Conformation. Cell Chem Biol 2019; 26:1544-1558.e6. [PMID: 31522999 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2019.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The selective downregulation of activated intracellular proteins is a key challenge in cell biology. RHO small GTPases switch between a guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound and a guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-bound state that drives downstream signaling. At present, no tool is available to study endogenous RHO-GTPinduced conformational changes in live cells. Here, we established a cell-based screen to selectively degrade RHOB-GTP using F-box-intracellular single-domain antibody fusion. We identified one intracellular antibody (intrabody) that shows selective targeting of endogenous RHOB-GTP mediated by interactions between the CDR3 loop of the domain antibody and the GTP-binding pocket of RHOB. Our results suggest that, while RHOB is highly regulated at the expression level, only the GTP-bound pool, but not its global expression, mediates RHOB functions in genomic instability and in cell invasion. The F-box/intrabody-targeted protein degradation represents a unique approach to knock down the active form of small GTPases or other proteins with multiple cellular activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Bery
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Laura Keller
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France; Département de Biologie, Institut Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France
| | - Marjorie Soulié
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Rémi Gence
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne-Laure Iscache
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France; Département de Biologie, Institut Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France
| | - Julia Cherier
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France; Département de Biologie, Institut Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphanie Cabantous
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Olivier Sordet
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle Lajoie-Mazenc
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Denis Pedelacq
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France.
| | - Gilles Favre
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France; Département de Biologie, Institut Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France.
| | - Aurélien Olichon
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France.
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22
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Wang X, Jiang B, Sun H, Zheng D, Zhang Z, Yan L, Li E, Wu Y, Xu RH. Noninvasive application of mesenchymal stem cell spheres derived from hESC accelerates wound healing in a CXCL12-CXCR4 axis-dependent manner. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:6112-6128. [PMID: 31534540 PMCID: PMC6735514 DOI: 10.7150/thno.32982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) derived from adult tissues effectively promote wound healing. However, MSC quality varies, and the quantity of MSC is limited, as MSC are acquired through donations. Moreover, the survival and functioning of dissociated MSC delivered to an inflammatory lesion are subject to challenges. Methods: Here, spheres (EMSCSp) generated from human embryonic stem cell-derived MSC (EMSC) were directly dropped onto excised wounds in mice; the effects of EMSCSp were compared to those of dissociated EMSC (EMSCDiss). Following transplantation, we measured the extent of wound closure, dissected the histological features of the wounds, determined transcriptomic changes in cells isolated from the treated and control wounds, and evaluated the molecular mechanism of the effects of EMSC. Results: The application of EMSCSp onto murine dermal wounds substantially increased survival and efficacy of EMSC compared to the topical application of EMSCDiss. RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) of cells isolated from the wounds highlighted the involvement of CXCL12-CXCR4 signaling in the effects of EMSCSp, which was verified in EMSC via CXCL12 knockdown and in target cells (vascular endothelial cells, epithelial keratinocytes, and macrophages) via CXCR4 inhibition. Finally, we enhanced the biosafety of EMSCSp by engineering cells with an inducible suicide gene. Conclusions: Together, these data suggest the topical application of EMSCSp as an unlimited, quality-assured, safe, and noninvasive therapy for wound healing and the CXCL12-CXCR4 axis as a key player in this treatment.
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Phuyal S, Farhan H. Multifaceted Rho GTPase Signaling at the Endomembranes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:127. [PMID: 31380367 PMCID: PMC6646525 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Rho family of small GTPases orchestrates fundamental biological processes such as cell cycle progression, cell migration, and actin cytoskeleton dynamics, and their aberrant signaling is linked to numerous human diseases and disorders. Traditionally, active Rho GTPase proteins were proposed to reside and function predominantly at the plasma membrane. While this view still holds true, it is emerging that active pool of multiple Rho GTPases are in part localized to endomembranes such as endosomes and the Golgi. In this review, we will focus on the intracellular pools and discuss how their local activation contributes to the shaping of various cellular processes. Our main focus will be on Rho signaling from the endosomes, Golgi, mitochondria and nucleus and how they regulate multiple cellular events such as receptor trafficking, cell proliferation and differentiation, cell migration and polarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Phuyal
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hesso Farhan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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24
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Barlow HR, Cleaver O. Building Blood Vessels-One Rho GTPase at a Time. Cells 2019; 8:cells8060545. [PMID: 31174284 PMCID: PMC6627795 DOI: 10.3390/cells8060545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood vessels are required for the survival of any organism larger than the oxygen diffusion limit. Blood vessel formation is a tightly regulated event and vessel growth or changes in permeability are linked to a number of diseases. Elucidating the cell biology of endothelial cells (ECs), which are the building blocks of blood vessels, is thus critical to our understanding of vascular biology and to the development of vascular-targeted disease treatments. Small GTPases of the Rho GTPase family are known to regulate several processes critical for EC growth and maintenance. In fact, many of the 21 Rho GTPases in mammals are known to regulate EC junctional remodeling, cell shape changes, and other processes. Rho GTPases are thus an attractive target for disease treatments, as they often have unique functions in specific vascular cell types. In fact, some Rho GTPases are even expressed with relative specificity in diseased vessels. Interestingly, many Rho GTPases are understudied in ECs, despite their known expression in either developing or mature vessels, suggesting an even greater wealth of knowledge yet to be gleaned from these complex signaling pathways. This review aims to provide an overview of Rho GTPase signaling contributions to EC vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, and mature vessel barrier function. A particular emphasis is placed on so-called "alternative" Rho GTPases, as they are largely understudied despite their likely important contributions to EC biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley Rose Barlow
- Department of Molecular Biology and Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| | - Ondine Cleaver
- Department of Molecular Biology and Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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25
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Gavrilova NA, Borzenok SA, Zaletaev DV, Solomin VA, Gadzhieva NS, Tishchenko OE, Komova OU, Zinov'eva AV. Molecular genetic mechanisms of influence of laser radiation with 577 nm wavelength in a microimpulse mode on the condition of the retina. Exp Eye Res 2019; 185:107650. [PMID: 31075223 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
THE AIM OF THE STUDY was to investigate the molecular genetic mechanisms of the influence of laser radiation with 577 nm wavelength in a microimpulse mode on the retina in the experimental conditions after the intravitreal injection of VEGF. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was performed on 4-5 week-old male mice of the line C57BL/6J. The animals were divided into 4 groups of 5 mice in each group, one eye was excremental, the contralateral eye remained intact. In the first group, intravitreal injection of PBS was performed; in the second group, intravitreal injection of 50 ng/ml of recombinant VEGF165 in 2 μL of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was performed; in the third and fourth groups, a day after the intravitreal injection of recombinant VEGF165, laser radiation with wavelength 577 nm was applied in the micropulse and continuous modes, respectively. Tissue samples (neuroepithelium, pigment epithelium) for the microarray transcription analysis in the animals from group 1 and 2 were taken 2 days after the injection of PBS and VEGF, in the animals from group 3 and 4 - a day after the retina was exposed to laser radiation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Molecular genetic mechanisms of the influence of laser radiation with wavelength 577 nm in a microimpulse mode on the retina in experimental conditions were studied and the genes that significantly changed the level of expression (the genes that take part in the regulation of neoangiogenesis, structural cell functions, processes of cells proliferation, transcription, differentiation, transmembrane transport, signaling, synaptic transmission, etc.) were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalya A Gavrilova
- The A.I. Evdokimov Моscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry of the Ministry of Healthcare the Russian Federation, 127473, 20/1 Delegatskaya Str., Moscow, Russia.
| | - Sergey A Borzenok
- The A.I. Evdokimov Моscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry of the Ministry of Healthcare the Russian Federation, 127473, 20/1 Delegatskaya Str., Moscow, Russia; The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, 127486, 59a Beskudnikovskiy Boulevard, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitri V Zaletaev
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119991, 8/2 Trubetskaya Str., Moscow, Russia; Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 115522, 1 Moscvorechie, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladislav A Solomin
- The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, 127486, 59a Beskudnikovskiy Boulevard, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nuriya S Gadzhieva
- The A.I. Evdokimov Моscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry of the Ministry of Healthcare the Russian Federation, 127473, 20/1 Delegatskaya Str., Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga E Tishchenko
- The A.I. Evdokimov Моscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry of the Ministry of Healthcare the Russian Federation, 127473, 20/1 Delegatskaya Str., Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga U Komova
- The A.I. Evdokimov Моscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry of the Ministry of Healthcare the Russian Federation, 127473, 20/1 Delegatskaya Str., Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksandra V Zinov'eva
- The A.I. Evdokimov Моscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry of the Ministry of Healthcare the Russian Federation, 127473, 20/1 Delegatskaya Str., Moscow, Russia
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26
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Du K, Zhao C, Wang L, Wang Y, Zhang KZ, Shen XY, Sun HX, Gao W, Lu X. MiR-191 inhibit angiogenesis after acute ischemic stroke targeting VEZF1. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:2762-2786. [PMID: 31064890 PMCID: PMC6535071 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a major public health problem in China. Impaired angiogenesis plays crucial roles in the development of ischemic cerebral injury. Recent studies have identified that microRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of angiogenesis, but little is known the exact effects of angiogenesis-associated miRNAs in AIS. In the present study, we detected the expression levels of angiogenesis-associated miRNAs in AIS patients, middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rats, and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). MiR-191 was increased in the plasma of AIS patients, OGD/R HUVECs, and the plasma and brain of MCAO rats. Over-expression of miR-191 promoted apoptosis, but reduced the proliferation, migration, tube-forming and spheroid sprouting activity in HUVECs OGD/R model. Mechanically, vascular endothelial zinc finger 1 (VEZF1) was identified as the direct target of miR-191, and could be regulated by miR-191 at post-translational level. In vivo studies applying miR-191 antagomir demonstrated that inhibition of miR-191 reduced infarction volume in MCAO rats. In conclusion, our data reveal a novel role of miR-191 in promoting ischemic brain injury through inhibiting angiogenesis via targeting VEZF1. Therefore, miR-191 may serve as a biomarker or a therapeutic target for AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Du
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory for Aging and Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu Province, China
- Equal contribution
| | - Can Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory for Aging and Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu Province, China
- Equal contribution
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory for Aging and Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory for Aging and Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Kang-Zhen Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory for Aging and Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xi-Yu Shen
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory for Aging and Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hui-Xian Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory for Aging and Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory for Aging and Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiang Lu
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory for Aging and Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu Province, China
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27
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New Gene Markers of Angiogenesis and Blood Vessels Development in Porcine Ovarian Granulosa Cells during Short-Term Primary Culture In Vitro. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:6545210. [PMID: 30834271 PMCID: PMC6374792 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6545210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The physiological processes that drive the development of ovarian follicle, as well as the process of oogenesis, are quite well known. Granulosa cells are major players in this occurrence, being the somatic element of the female gamete development. They participate directly in the processes of oogenesis, building the cumulus-oocyte complex surrounding the ovum. In addition to that, they have a further impact on the reproductive processes, being a place of steroid sex hormone synthesis and secretion. It is known that the follicle development creates a major need for angiogenesis and blood vessel development in the ovary. In this study, we use novel molecular approaches to analyze markers of these processes in porcine granulosa cultured primarily in vitro. The cells were recovered from mature sus scrofa specimen after slaughter. They were then subjected to enzymatic digestion and culture primarily for a short term. The RNA was extracted from cultures in specific time periods (0h, 24h, 48h, 96h, and 144h) and analyzed using expression microarrays. The genes that exhibited fold change bigger than |2|, and adjusted p-value lower than 0.05, were considered differentially expressed. From these, we have chosen the members of “angiogenesis,” “blood vessel development,” “blood vessel morphogenesis,” “cardiovascular system development,” and “vasculature development” for further selection. CCL2, FGFR2, SFRP2, PDPN, DCN, CAV1, CHI3L1, ITGB3, FN1, and LOX which are upregulated, as well as CXCL10, NEBL, IHH, TGFBR3, SCUBE1, IGF1, EDNRA, RHOB, PPARD, and SLITRK5 genes whose expression is downregulated through the time of culture, were chosen as the potential markers, as their expression varied the most during the time of culture. The fold changes were further validated with RT-qPCR. The genes were described, with special attention to their possible function in GCs during culture. The results broaden the general knowledge about GC's in vitro molecular processes and might serve as a point of reference for further in vivo and clinical studies.
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28
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Calvayrac O, Nowosad A, Cabantous S, Lin LP, Figarol S, Jeannot P, Serres MP, Callot C, Perchey RT, Creff J, Taranchon-Clermont E, Rouquette I, Favre G, Pradines A, Manenti S, Mazieres J, Lee H, Besson A. Cytoplasmic p27 Kip1 promotes tumorigenesis via suppression of RhoB activity. J Pathol 2018; 247:60-71. [PMID: 30206932 DOI: 10.1002/path.5167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The cell cycle inhibitor p27Kip1 is a tumor suppressor via the inhibition of CDK complexes in the nucleus. However, p27 also plays other functions in the cell and may acquire oncogenic roles when located in the cytoplasm. Activation of oncogenic pathways such as Ras or PI3K/AKT causes the relocalization of p27 in the cytoplasm, where it can promote tumorigenesis by unclear mechanisms. Here, we investigated how cytoplasmic p27 participates in the development of non-small cell lung carcinomas. We provide molecular and genetic evidence that the oncogenic role of p27 is mediated, at least in part, by binding to and inhibiting the GTPase RhoB, which normally acts as a tumor suppressor in the lung. Genetically modified mice revealed that RhoB expression is preferentially lost in tumors in which p27 is absent and maintained in tumors expressing wild-type p27 or p27CK- , a mutant that cannot inhibit CDKs. Moreover, although the absence of RhoB promoted tumorigenesis in p27-/- animals, it had no effect in p27CK- knock-in mice, suggesting that cytoplasmic p27 may act as an oncogene, at least in part, by inhibiting the activity of RhoB. Finally, in a cohort of lung cancer patients, we identified a subset of tumors harboring cytoplasmic p27 in which RhoB expression is maintained and these characteristics were strongly associated with decreased patient survival. Thus, monitoring p27 localization and RhoB levels in non-small cell lung carcinoma patients appears to be a powerful prognostic marker for these tumors. Copyright © 2018 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Calvayrac
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM U1037, CNRS ERL5294, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Ada Nowosad
- LBCMCP, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphanie Cabantous
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM U1037, CNRS ERL5294, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Lin-Po Lin
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sarah Figarol
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM U1037, CNRS ERL5294, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Pauline Jeannot
- LBCMCP, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Murielle P Serres
- LBCMCP, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Caroline Callot
- LBCMCP, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Renaud T Perchey
- LBCMCP, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Justine Creff
- LBCMCP, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Estelle Taranchon-Clermont
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM U1037, CNRS ERL5294, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Service de Pathologie, IUCT-Oncopole, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle Rouquette
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM U1037, CNRS ERL5294, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Service de Pathologie, IUCT-Oncopole, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Gilles Favre
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM U1037, CNRS ERL5294, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne Pradines
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM U1037, CNRS ERL5294, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Stephane Manenti
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM U1037, CNRS ERL5294, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Julien Mazieres
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM U1037, CNRS ERL5294, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Thoracic Oncology Department, Larrey Hospital, University Hospital of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Huei Lee
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Arnaud Besson
- LBCMCP, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
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29
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Almonte-Baldonado R, Bravo-Nuevo A, Gerald D, Benjamin LE, Prendergast GC, Laury-Kleintop LD. RhoB antibody alters retinal vascularization in models of murine retinopathy. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:9381-9391. [PMID: 30536763 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Neovascularization in cancer or retinopathy is driven by pathological changes that foster abnormal sprouting of endothelial cells. Mouse genetic studies indicate that the stress-induced small GTPase RhoB is dispensable for normal physiology but required for pathogenic angiogenesis. In diabetic retinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) or age-related wet macular degeneration (AMD), progressive pathologic anatomic changes and ischemia foster neovascularization are characterized by abnormal sprouting of endothelial cells. This process is driven by the angiogenic growth factor VEGF, which induces and supports the formation of new blood vessels. While injectable biologics targeting VEGF have been used to treat these pathological conditions, many patients respond poorly, prompting interest in other types of mechanism-based therapy. Here we report the preclinical efficacy of a monoclonal antibody that specifically targets RhoB, a signaling molecule that is genetically dispensable for normal physiology but required for pathogenic retinal angiogenesis. In murine models of proliferative retinal angiogenesis or oxygen-induced retinopathy, administering a monoclonal RhoB antibody (7F7) was sufficient to block neoangiogenesis or avascular pathology, respectively. Our findings offer preclinical proof of concept for antibody targeting of RhoB to limit diabetic retinopathy, ROP or wet AMD and perhaps other diseases of neovasculogenesis such as hemangioma or hemangiosarcoma nonresponsive to existing therapies.
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30
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Vega FM, Ridley AJ. The RhoB small GTPase in physiology and disease. Small GTPases 2018; 9:384-393. [PMID: 27875099 PMCID: PMC5997158 DOI: 10.1080/21541248.2016.1253528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
RhoB is a Rho family GTPase that is highly similar to RhoA and RhoC, yet has distinct functions in cells. Its unique C-terminal region is subject to specific post-translational modifications that confer different localization and functions to RhoB. Apart from the common role with RhoA and RhoC in actin organization and cell migration, RhoB is also implicated in a variety of other cellular processes including membrane trafficking, cell proliferation, DNA-repair and apoptosis. RhoB is not an essential gene in mice, but it is implicated in several physiological and pathological processes. Its multiple roles will be discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco M. Vega
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS (Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla), Sevilla, Spain
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Anne J. Ridley
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, London, UK
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31
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Characterization of Small Molecules Inhibiting the Pro-Angiogenic Activity of the Zinc Finger Transcription Factor Vezf1. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23071615. [PMID: 29970794 PMCID: PMC6100598 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Discovery of inhibitors for endothelial-related transcription factors can contribute to the development of anti-angiogenic therapies that treat various diseases, including cancer. The role of transcription factor Vezf1 in vascular development and regulation of angiogenesis has been defined by several earlier studies. Through construction of a computational model for Vezf1, work here has identified a novel small molecule drug capable of inhibiting Vezf1 from binding to its cognate DNA binding site. Using structure-based design and virtual screening of the NCI Diversity Compound Library, 12 shortlisted compounds were tested for their ability to interfere with the binding of Vezf1 to DNA using electrophoretic gel mobility shift assays. We identified one compound, T4, which has an IC50 of 20 μM. Using murine endothelial cells, MSS31, we tested the effect of T4 on endothelial cell viability and angiogenesis by using tube formation assay. Our data show that addition of T4 in cell culture medium does not affect cell viability at concentrations lower or equal to its IC 50 but strongly inhibits the network formation by MSS31 in the tube formation assays. Given its potential efficacy, this inhibitor has significant therapeutic potential in several human diseases.
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32
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AlAbdi L, He M, Yang Q, Norvil AB, Gowher H. The transcription factor Vezf1 represses the expression of the antiangiogenic factor Cited2 in endothelial cells. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:11109-11118. [PMID: 29794136 PMCID: PMC6052231 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.002911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Formation of the vasculature by angiogenesis is critical for proper development, but angiogenesis also contributes to the pathogenesis of various disorders, including cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Vascular endothelial zinc finger 1 (Vezf1), is a Krüppel-like zinc finger protein that plays a vital role in vascular development. However, the mechanism by which Vezf1 regulates this process is not fully understood. Here, we show that Vezf1−/− mouse embryonic stem cells (ESC) have significantly increased expression of a stem cell factor, Cbp/p300-interacting transactivator 2 (Cited2). Compared with WT ESCs, Vezf1−/− ESCs inefficiently differentiated into endothelial cells (ECs), which exhibited defects in the tube-formation assay. These defects were due to reduced activation of EC-specific genes concomitant with lower enrichment of histone 3 acetylation at Lys27 (H3K27) at their promoters. We hypothesized that overexpression of Cited2 in Vezf1−/− cells sequesters P300/CBP away from the promoters of proangiogenic genes and thereby contributes to defective angiogenesis in these cells. This idea was supported by the observation that shRNA-mediated depletion of Cited2 significantly reduces the angiogenic defects in the Vezf1−/− ECs. In contrast to previous studies that have focused on the role of Vezf1 as a transcriptional activator of proangiogenic genes, our findings have revealed a role for Vezf1 in modulating the expression of the antiangiogenic factor Cited2. Vezf1 previously has been characterized as an insulator protein, and our results now provide insights into the mechanism, indicating that Vezf1 can block inappropriate, nonspecific interactions of promoters with cis-located enhancers, preventing aberrant promoter activation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ming He
- From the Department of Biochemistry and
| | | | | | - Humaira Gowher
- From the Department of Biochemistry and .,Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
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33
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Jin L, Liu WR, Tian MX, Jiang XF, Wang H, Zhou PY, Ding ZB, Peng YF, Dai Z, Qiu SJ, Zhou J, Fan J, Shi YH. CCL24 contributes to HCC malignancy via RhoB- VEGFA-VEGFR2 angiogenesis pathway and indicates poor prognosis. Oncotarget 2018; 8:5135-5148. [PMID: 28042950 PMCID: PMC5354897 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
CCL24 is one chemotactic factor extensively studied in airway inflammation and colorectal cancer but less studied in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) retrospectively. So HCC tissue microarray (TMA) was used to estimate relationship between CCL24 and prognosis, cell experiments were conducted to study its influence for HCC cell biological behavior. CCL24 was injected to nude mice to monitor tumor formation and pulmonary metastasis; qRT-PCR, western blot and Immunohistochemistry were used to explore potential mechanism. CCL24 plays roles in target cells via its downstream CCR3, or it is regulated by Type 2 helper T cells (Th2 cell) factors, so immune related experiments were conducted. Meanwhile, Rho GTPase family have close relation not only with T cell priming, but with neovascularization; CCL24 contributes to neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration via CCR3, so Rho GTPase family, Th2 cell factors, Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells were used to uncover their trafficking. Ultimate validation was confirmed by small interfering RNA. Results showed CCL24 expression was higher in caner tissues than adjacent normal tissues, it could contribute to proliferation, migration, and invasion in HCCs, could accelerate pulmonary metastasis, promote HUVECs tube formation. Th2 cell factors were irrelevant with CCL24 in HCCs; and RhoB, VEGFA, and VEGFR2 correlated with CCL24 in both mRNA and protein level. Downstream RhoB-VEGFA signaling pathway was validated by siRhoB and siVEGFA inhibition. In a word, CCL24 contributes to HCC malignancy via RhoB-VEGFA-VEGFR2 angiogenesis pathway and indicates poor prognosis, which urges us to study further CCL24 effects on diagnosis and potential therapy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Jin
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Ren Liu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng-Xin Tian
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi-Fei Jiang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei-Yun Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen-Bin Ding
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan-Fei Peng
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi Dai
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuang-Jian Qiu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Fan
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Hong Shi
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
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34
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Koraïchi F, Gence R, Bouchenot C, Grosjean S, Lajoie-Mazenc I, Favre G, Cabantous S. High-content tripartite split-GFP cell-based assays to screen for modulators of small GTPase activation. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs.210419. [PMID: 29192060 PMCID: PMC5818064 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.210419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The human Ras superfamily of small GTPases controls essential cellular processes such as gene expression and cell proliferation. As their deregulation is widely associated with human cancer, small GTPases and their regulatory proteins have become increasingly attractive for the development of novel therapeutics. Classical methods to monitor GTPase activation include pulldown assays that limit the analysis of GTP-bound form of proteins from cell lysates. Alternatively, live-cell FRET biosensors may be used to study GTPase activation dynamics in response to stimuli, but these sensors often require further optimization for high-throughput applications. Here, we describe a cell-based approach that is suitable to monitor the modulation of small GTPase activity in a high-content analysis. The assay relies on a genetically encoded tripartite split-GFP (triSFP) system that we integrated in an optimized cellular model to monitor modulation of RhoA and RhoB GTPases. Our results indicate the robust response of the reporter, allowing the interrogation of inhibition and stimulation of Rho activity, and highlight potential applications of this method to discover novel modulators and regulators of small GTPases and related protein-binding domains. Summary: The development of a fluorescent reporter of GTPase activation based on tripartite split-GFP that enables the evaluation of GEF activity and the effect of modulators of GTPase activation in a high-content analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faten Koraïchi
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM U1037, 31037 Toulouse, France.,Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Rémi Gence
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM U1037, 31037 Toulouse, France.,Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Catherine Bouchenot
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM U1037, 31037 Toulouse, France.,Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Sarah Grosjean
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM U1037, 31037 Toulouse, France.,Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle Lajoie-Mazenc
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM U1037, 31037 Toulouse, France.,Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Gilles Favre
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM U1037, 31037 Toulouse, France .,Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphanie Cabantous
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM U1037, 31037 Toulouse, France .,Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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35
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García-Weber D, Millán J. Parallels between single cell migration and barrier formation: The case of RhoB and Rac1 trafficking. Small GTPases 2016; 9:332-338. [PMID: 27598909 DOI: 10.1080/21541248.2016.1231655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The appearance of multicellularity implied the adaptation of signaling networks required for unicellular life to new functions arising in this remarkable evolutionary transition. A hallmark of multicellular organisms is the formation of cellular barriers that compartmentalize spaces and functions. Here we discuss recent findings concerning the role of RhoB in the negative control of Rac1 trafficking from endosomes to the cell border, in order to induce membrane extensions to restore endothelial barrier function after acute contraction. This role closely resembles that proposed for RhoB in controlling single cell migration through Rac1, which has also been observed in cancer cell invasion. We highlight these similarities as a signaling paradigm that shows that endothelial barrier integrity is controlled not only by the formation of cell-cell junctions, but also by a balance between ancestral mechanisms of cell spreading and contraction conserved from unicellular organisms and orchestrated by Rho GTPases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jaime Millán
- a Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM , Madrid , Spain
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36
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Marcos-Ramiro B, García-Weber D, Barroso S, Feito J, Ortega MC, Cernuda-Morollón E, Reglero-Real N, Fernández-Martín L, Durán MC, Alonso MA, Correas I, Cox S, Ridley AJ, Millán J. RhoB controls endothelial barrier recovery by inhibiting Rac1 trafficking to the cell border. J Cell Biol 2016; 213:385-402. [PMID: 27138256 PMCID: PMC4862328 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201504038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial barrier dysfunction underlies chronic inflammatory diseases. In searching for new proteins essential to the human endothelial inflammatory response, we have found that the endosomal GTPase RhoB is up-regulated in response to inflammatory cytokines and expressed in the endothelium of some chronically inflamed tissues. We show that although RhoB and the related RhoA and RhoC play additive and redundant roles in various aspects of endothelial barrier function, RhoB specifically inhibits barrier restoration after acute cell contraction by preventing plasma membrane extension. During barrier restoration, RhoB trafficking is induced between vesicles containing RhoB nanoclusters and plasma membrane protrusions. The Rho GTPase Rac1 controls membrane spreading and stabilizes endothelial barriers. We show that RhoB colocalizes with Rac1 in endosomes and inhibits Rac1 activity and trafficking to the cell border during barrier recovery. Inhibition of endosomal trafficking impairs barrier reformation, whereas induction of Rac1 translocation to the plasma membrane accelerates it. Therefore, RhoB-specific regulation of Rac1 trafficking controls endothelial barrier integrity during inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Marcos-Ramiro
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego García-Weber
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Barroso
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Feito
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - María C Ortega
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Cernuda-Morollón
- Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Natalia Reglero-Real
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Fernández-Martín
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria C Durán
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, University of Cadiz, 11519 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Miguel A Alonso
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Correas
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Susan Cox
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, SE1 1UL London, England, UK
| | - Anne J Ridley
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, SE1 1UL London, England, UK
| | - Jaime Millán
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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37
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Wound repair: a showcase for cell plasticity and migration. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2016; 42:29-37. [PMID: 27085790 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A skin wound requires several cell lineages to exhibit considerable plasticity as they migrate towards and over the site of damage to contribute to repair. The keratinocytes that re-epithelialize the tissue, the dermal fibroblasts and potentially other mesenchymal stem cell populations that repopulate damaged connective tissue, the immune cells that counter infections, and endothelial cells that re-establish blood supply and facilitate the immune response - all of these cells are 'dynamic' in that they are activated by immediate wound cues, they reprogram to adopt cell behaviours essential for repair including migration, and finally they must resolve. In adult tissues, repair is unique in its requirement for dramatic cell changes and movements otherwise associated only with development and disease.
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38
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Koenig G, Ozcelik H, Haesler L, Cihova M, Ciftci S, Dupret-Bories A, Debry C, Stelzle M, Lavalle P, Vrana NE. Cell-laden hydrogel/titanium microhybrids: Site-specific cell delivery to metallic implants for improved integration. Acta Biomater 2016; 33:301-10. [PMID: 26802440 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Porous titanium implants are widely used in dental, orthopaedic and otorhinolaryngology fields to improve implant integration to host tissue. A possible step further to improve the integration with the host is the incorporation of autologous cells in porous titanium structures via cell-laden hydrogels. Fast gelling hydrogels have advantageous properties for in situ applications such as localisation of specific cells and growth factors at a target area without dispersion. The ability to control the cell types in different regions of an implant is important in applications where the target tissue (i) has structural heterogeneity (multiple cell types with a defined spatial configuration with respect to each other); (ii) has physical property gradients essential for its function (such as in the case of osteochondral tissue transition). Due to their near immediate gelation, such gels can also be used for site-specific modification of porous titanium structures, particularly for implants which would face different tissues at different locations. Herein, we describe a step by step design of a model system: the model cell-laden gel-containing porous titanium implants in the form of titanium microbead/hydrogel (maleimide-dextran or maleimide-PVA based) microhybrids. These systems enable the determination of the effect of titanium presence on gel properties and encapsulated cell behaviour as a miniaturized version of full-scale implants, providing a system compatible with conventional analysis methods. We used a fibroblast/vascular endothelial cell co-cultures as our model system and by utilising single microbeads we have quantified the effect of gel microenvironment (degradability, presence of RGD peptides within gel formulation) on cell behaviour and the effect of the titanium presence on cell behaviour and gel formation. Titanium presence slightly changed gel properties without hindering gel formation or affecting cell viability. Cells showed a preference to move towards the titanium beads and fibroblast proliferation was significantly higher in hybrids compared to gel only controls. The MMP (Matrix Metalloproteinase)-sensitive hydrogels induced sprouting by cells in co-culture configuration which was quantified by fluorescence microscopy, confocal microscopy and qRT-PCR (Quantitative Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction). When the microhybrid up-scaled to 3D thick structures, cellular localisation in specific areas of the 3D titanium structures was achieved, without decreasing overall cell proliferation compared to titanium only scaffolds. Microhybrids of titanium and hydrogels are useful models for deciding the necessary modifications of metallic implants and they can be used as a modelling system for the study of tissue/titanium implant interactions. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE This article demonstrates a method to apply cell-laden hydrogels to porous titanium implants and a model of titanium/hydrogel interaction at micro-level using titanium microbeads. The feasibility of site-specific modification of titanium implants with cell-laden microgels has been demonstrated. Use of titanium microbeads in combination with hydrogels with conventional analysis techniques as described in the article can facilitate the characterisation of surface modification of titanium in a relevant model system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraldine Koenig
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unité 1121, 11 Rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France; Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, 8 rue Sainte Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Hayriye Ozcelik
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unité 1121, 11 Rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France; Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, 8 rue Sainte Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Lisa Haesler
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, BioMEMS Group, Markwiesenstraße 55, D-72770 Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Martina Cihova
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, BioMEMS Group, Markwiesenstraße 55, D-72770 Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Sait Ciftci
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unité 1121, 11 Rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France; Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Service Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie, 67098 Strasbourg, France
| | - Agnes Dupret-Bories
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unité 1121, 11 Rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France; Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Service Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie, 67098 Strasbourg, France; Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, 1 avenue Irène Joliot Curie, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Christian Debry
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unité 1121, 11 Rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France; Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Service Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie, 67098 Strasbourg, France
| | - Martin Stelzle
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, BioMEMS Group, Markwiesenstraße 55, D-72770 Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Philippe Lavalle
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unité 1121, 11 Rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France; Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, 8 rue Sainte Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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39
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RhoB regulates the function of macrophages in the hypoxia-induced inflammatory response. Cell Mol Immunol 2015; 14:265-275. [PMID: 26388235 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2015.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune cells, particularly macrophages, play critical roles in the hypoxia-induced inflammatory response. The small GTPase RhoB is usually rapidly induced by a variety of stimuli and has been described as an important regulator of cytoskeletal organization and vesicle and membrane receptor trafficking. However, it is unknown whether RhoB is involved in the hypoxia-induced inflammatory response. Here, we investigated the effect of hypoxia on the expression of RhoB and the mechanism and significance of RhoB expression in macrophages. We found that hypoxia significantly upregulated the expression of RhoB in RAW264.7 cells, mouse peritoneal macrophages, and the spleen of rats. Hypoxia-induced expression of RhoB was significantly blocked by a specific inhibitor of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), or extracellular-signal regulated protein kinase (ERK), indicating that hypoxia-activated HIF-1α, JNK, and ERK are involved in the upregulation of RhoB by hypoxia. Knockdown of RhoB expression not only significantly suppressed basal production of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in normoxia but also more markedly decreased the hypoxia-stimulated production of these cytokines. Furthermore, we showed that RhoB increased nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activity, and the inhibition of NF-κB transcriptional activity significantly decreased the RhoB-increased mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Finally, we demonstrated that RhoB enhanced cell adhesion and inhibited cell migration in normoxia and hypoxia. Taken together, these results suggest that RhoB plays an important role in the hypoxia-induced activation of macrophages and the inflammatory response.Cellular & Molecular Immunology advance online publication, 21 September 2015; doi:10.1038/cmi.2015.78.
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40
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Husain A, Hu N, Sadow PM, Nucera C. Expression of angiogenic switch, cachexia and inflammation factors at the crossroad in undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma with BRAF(V600E). Cancer Lett 2015; 380:577-585. [PMID: 26189429 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Revised: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cachexia is the result of complex metabolic alterations which cause morbidity and mortality in patients with advanced cancers including undifferentiated (anaplastic) thyroid carcinoma (ATC). ATC is a lethal disease with limited therapeutic options and unclear etiology for cachexia. We hypothesize that the BRAF(V600E) oncoprotein triggers microvascular endothelial cell tubule formation (in vitro angiogenesis) by means of factors which play a crucial role in angiogenic switch, inflammation/immune response and cachexia. We use human ATC cells and applied multiplex ELISA assay to screen for and measure angiogenic/cachectic and pro-inflammatory factors in the ATC-derived secretome. We find that vemurafenib anti-BRAF(V600E) therapy significantly reduces secreted VEGFA, VEGFC and IL6 protein levels compared to vehicle-treated ATC cells. As a result, the secretome from vemurafenib-treated ATC cells inhibits microvascular endothelial cell-related in vitro angiogenesis. Furthermore, ATC clinical samples express VEGFA, VEGFC and IL6 proteins. Our results suggest that angiogenic/cachectic and pro-inflammatory/immune response factors could play a crucial role in BRAF(V600E)-positive human ATC aggressiveness. Understanding the extent to which microenvironment-associated angiogenic factors participate in cachexia and cancer metabolism in advanced thyroid cancers will reveal new biomarkers and foster novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Husain
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nina Hu
- Laboratory of Human Thyroid Cancers Preclinical and Translational Research, Division of Cancer Biology and Angiogenesis, Cancer Research Institute (CRI), Cancer Center, Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter M Sadow
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carmelo Nucera
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Laboratory of Human Thyroid Cancers Preclinical and Translational Research, Division of Cancer Biology and Angiogenesis, Cancer Research Institute (CRI), Cancer Center, Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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41
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RhoB loss induces Rac1-dependent mesenchymal cell invasion in lung cells through PP2A inhibition. Oncogene 2015; 35:1760-9. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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42
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Actin-tethered junctional complexes in angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in association with vascular endothelial growth factor. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:314178. [PMID: 25883953 PMCID: PMC4389985 DOI: 10.1155/2015/314178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Vasculature is present in all tissues and therefore is indispensable for development, biology, and pathology of multicellular organisms. Endothelial cells guarantee proper function of the vessels and are the original component in angiogenesis. Morphogenesis of the vascular system utilizes processes like cell adhesion, motility, proliferation, and survival that are closely related to the dynamics of actin filaments and actin-tethered adhesion complexes. Here we review involvement of actin cytoskeleton-associated junctional molecules of endothelial cells in angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. Particularly, we focus on F-actin binding protein afadin, an adaptor protein involved in broad range of signaling mechanisms. Afadin mediates the pathways of vascular endothelial growth factor- (VEGF-) and sphingosine 1-phosphate-triggered angiogenesis and is essential for embryonic development of lymph vessels in mice. We propose that targeting actin-tethered junctional molecules, including afadin, may present a new approach to angiogenic therapy that in combination with today used medications like VEGF inhibitors will benefit against development of pathological angiogenesis.
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43
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Generation of a single chain antibody variable fragment (scFv) to sense selectively RhoB activation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111034. [PMID: 25365345 PMCID: PMC4218836 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Determining the cellular level of activated form of RhoGTPases is of key importance to understand their regulatory functions in cell physiopathology. We previously reported scFvC1, that selectively bind to the GTP-bound form of RhoA, RhoB and RhoC. In this present study we generate, by molecular evolution, a new phage library to isolate scFvs displaying high affinity and selectivity to RhoA and RhoB. Using phage display affinity maturation against the GTP-locked mutant RhoAL63, we isolated scFvs against RhoA active conformation that display Kd values at the nanomolar range, which corresponded to an increase of affinity of three orders of magnitude compared to scFvC1. Although a majority of these evolved scFvs remained selective towards the active conformation of RhoA, RhoB and RhoC, we identified some scFvs that bind to RhoA and RhoC but not to RhoB activated form. Alternatively, we performed a substractive panning towards RhoB, and isolated the scFvE3 exhibiting a 10 times higher affinity for RhoB than RhoA activated forms. We showed the peculiar ability of scFvE3 to detect RhoB but not RhoA GTP-bound form in cell extracts overexpressing Guanine nucleotide Exchange Factor XPLN as well as in EGF stimulated HeLa cells. Our results demonstrated the ability of scFvs to distinguish RhoB from RhoA GTP-bound form and provide new selective tools to analyze the cell biology of RhoB GTPase regulation.
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Calvayrac O, Pradines A, Raymond-Letron I, Rouquette I, Bousquet E, Lauwers-Cances V, Filleron T, Cadranel J, Beau-Faller M, Casanova A, Milia J, Favre G, Mazières J. RhoB determines tumor aggressiveness in a murine EGFRL858R-induced adenocarcinoma model and is a potential prognostic biomarker for Lepidic lung cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2014; 20:6541-50. [PMID: 25320360 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-0506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A crucial event in lung adenocarcinoma progression is the switch from an aerogenous spread toward an infiltrating tumor. Loss of RhoB expression has been suggested to be critical for lung cancer invasion. Here, we tested RhoB expression as a prognostic biomarker in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with a special focus on lepidic pattern. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We analyzed RhoB expression using both IHC and RT-qPCR in two series of operated patients (n = 100 and 48, respectively) and in a series of advanced lepidic adenocarcinoma (n = 31) from different hospitals. Next, we examined the role of RhoB in lung cancer progression in transgenic mice that express inducible EGFR(L858R) crossed with Rhob null mice. RESULTS We identified that loss of RhoB expression was strongly associated with worse survival (P = 0.0001) and progression-free survival (P < 0.001) in the first series. We then confirmed these results after multivariate analyses of the second series. In the series of adenocarcinoma with lepidic features issued from a clinical trial (IFCT-0401), we showed that loss of RhoB expression was associated with higher aggressiveness of stage IV. Finally, we showed that EGFR(L858R)/Rhob(+/+) mice developed mainly diffuse lung tumors with a lepidic pattern, whereas EGFR(L858R)/Rhob(+/-) and EGFR(L858R)/Rhob(-/-) developed a greater number of tumors, and aggressive adenocarcinomas with invasive properties. CONCLUSIONS We showed that RhoB is not only a strong prognostic factor in NSCLC but it is also critical for the acquisition of an aggressive phenotype of adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Calvayrac
- Inserm, UMR 1037-CRCT, Toulouse, France. Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France. Institut Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne Pradines
- Inserm, UMR 1037-CRCT, Toulouse, France. Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France. Institut Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle Raymond-Letron
- Université de Toulouse, UPS-INP-ENVT, UMS006, Laboratoire d'histopathologie, Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle Rouquette
- Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France. Hôpital Rangueil, Departement d'Anatomo-Cytopathologie, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Emilie Bousquet
- Inserm, UMR 1037-CRCT, Toulouse, France. Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France. Institut Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | - Jacques Cadranel
- Hôpital Tenon, Service de Pneumologie, AP-HP; GRC-UPMC 04 Theranoscan Paris 6 University, France
| | - Michèle Beau-Faller
- Hôpital de Hautepierre, Pôle de Biologie, Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHU Strasbourg, Strasbourg cedex, France
| | - Anne Casanova
- Inserm, UMR 1037-CRCT, Toulouse, France. Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France. Institut Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France
| | - Julie Milia
- Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France. Hôpital Larrey, Département de Pneumologie, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Gilles Favre
- Inserm, UMR 1037-CRCT, Toulouse, France. Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France. Institut Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France.
| | - Julien Mazières
- Inserm, UMR 1037-CRCT, Toulouse, France. Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France. Hôpital Larrey, Département de Pneumologie, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
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Orgaz JL, Herraiz C, Sanz-Moreno V. Rho GTPases modulate malignant transformation of tumor cells. Small GTPases 2014; 5:e29019. [PMID: 25036871 DOI: 10.4161/sgtp.29019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rho GTPases are involved in the acquisition of all the hallmarks of cancer, which comprise 6 biological capabilities acquired during the development of human tumors. The hallmarks include proliferative signaling, evading growth suppressors, resisting cell death, enabling replicative immortality, inducing angiogenesis, and activating invasion and metastasis programs, as defined by Hanahan and Weinberg. (1) Controlling these hallmarks are genome instability and inflammation. Emerging hallmarks are reprogramming of energy metabolism and evading immune destruction. To give a different view to the readers, we will not be focusing on invasion, metastasis, or cytoskeletal remodeling, but we will review here how Rho GTPases contribute to other hallmarks of cancer with a special emphasis on malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose L Orgaz
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics; New Hunt's House; Guy's Campus; King's College London; London, UK
| | - Cecilia Herraiz
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics; New Hunt's House; Guy's Campus; King's College London; London, UK
| | - Victoria Sanz-Moreno
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics; New Hunt's House; Guy's Campus; King's College London; London, UK
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Blei F. Update March 2014. Lymphat Res Biol 2014. [DOI: 10.1089/lrb.2014.1212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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